Many men simply burst with a sense of pride when they declare that they have not been to the doctor for many years. They believe that this state of affairs is a sign of good health. In fact, only regular visits to specialists can preserve men's health, which is the key to a long and happy life.
In our country, men, according to statistics, live very little - only 52 years. among the male population are diseases of the heart and blood vessels, tumor formations of the broncho-pulmonary system, the prostate gland and the final sections of the large intestine.
Golden age, 29 to 39 years old
Starting from the age of 27-30, in the body of a man, the synthesis of the main male sex hormone, testosterone, gradually begins to decrease. The man still feels completely healthy, but sexual activity begins to gradually decline. In sperm, a smaller number of viable male germ cells is determined. In addition, the formation of seminal fluid is negatively affected by stressful situations, hard work, and poor environmental conditions. About thirty or forty years ago, the presence of 60 million spermatozoa in one milligram of seminal fluid was considered normal, today the level of the norm has been reduced to 20 million. It should be remembered that so many men decide to have a child at the age of 30-35, so it would be nice during this period.
List of required examinations:
Self-examination of the testicles. An alarming sign is the appearance of a feeling of heaviness in the scrotum. The examination should be carried out every 6 months.
Visit to a cardiologist. Before this, you need to do an ECG and determine the level of blood pressure. In addition, blood is donated for a general and detailed analysis, urine for analysis and the level of glucose in the blood is determined. These surveys must be done annually.
Plain chest x-ray is done every 2 years, and in smokers every year,
Every 5 years, the level of blood cholesterol is determined, hearing acuity is determined, a colonoscopy is performed.
Colonoscopy
Colonoscopy is classified as an endoscopic examination. It allows you to externally assess the state of the mucous membrane of the large intestine. To carry out this manipulation, a flexible endoscope and a special light of the “cold” spectrum are used, which excludes thermal damage to the intestinal mucosa. Sometimes, before a colonoscopy, an irrigoscopy is prescribed, for which x-rays are used.
Preparation for colonoscopy should be thorough, because if the preparation rules are violated, the information content of the procedure is significantly reduced. If a man does not suffer from constipation, i.e. his bowels are emptied at least every 72 hours, on the day before the study at 16:00 he needs to take from 40 to 60 g of castor oil. Then comes an independent bowel movement, after which it is necessary to make two cleansing enemas using 1-1.5 liters of water. The first enema is given at 20:00 and the second at 22:00. On the day of the colonoscopy, two more cleansing enemas are done in the morning at 7 and 8 in the morning. You can eat a light breakfast, but only if the study will be conducted in the morning.
More and more gray hair, from 40 to 49 years
According to statistics, about 80% of men over the age of 45 have. Men begin to panic about this and hit all the hard. This leads to the fact that the male population from this age group are the most frequent patients of dermatovenerologists. So, men of this age need to be examined every year for the presence of HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases. WHO data, according to which out of 10 deaths from AIDS, 9 are men, are especially threatening.
List of surveys:
Self-examination of the testicles every 6 months,
Complete blood count, urinalysis and blood glucose testing annually. Men over 45 need to have a proctologist check-up every year,
Complete chest x-ray every 2 years, and for smokers every year,
Fibrogastroscopy (endoscopic examination of the gastric mucosa) - once every 3 years,
Determination of hearing acuity every 3-5 years, if a man works in conditions of strong noise, then even more often,
Determination of blood cholesterol levels every 5 years, and after the onset of 45 years - every year.
In addition, it is necessary to monitor the level of blood pressure. If everything is normal, then you need to measure blood pressure at least once a year, but if the indicator is unstable, the measurement is carried out once every 4 weeks. Each family should have their own blood pressure monitor. The dentist should be visited at least once a year. An optometrist should be visited annually if you wear glasses, and if you suffer from diabetes, twice a year.
Again youth, from 50 to 59 years
At this age, men are still energetic and active, but they need to be more alert. If a man led a sedentary lifestyle for many years and rarely indulged in pleasures in women's society, the risk of prostate pathology increases significantly.
List of examinations:
Self-examination of the testicles every 6 months. If a man has found any abnormalities in himself, he needs to contact a urologist, do an ultrasound and sigmoidoscopy,
Annually it is necessary to donate feces for occult blood, be examined by an ophthalmologist, determine the content of glucose and cholesterol in the blood, conduct a detailed blood test and determine the ESR, undergo an ECG, donate urine for analysis and examine the rectum,
Chest X-ray is done every 2 years, and for smokers every year,
Determination of hearing acuity is carried out every 2-3 years,
Once every 3 years, ultrasound of the abdominal organs, colonoscopy and gastroscopy are performed.
Age over 60
There is nothing surprising in the fact that there is a concept of male menopause. Men at this age most often turn to doctors about diseases caused by atherosclerosis of blood vessels. The incidence of peptic ulcer and gallstone disease is significantly reduced.
List of examinations:
Examination of the prostate and testicles every 6 months by a specialist,
Annually, you need to donate feces for occult blood, be examined by an ophthalmologist, determine the content of glucose and cholesterol in the blood, donate blood for a detailed analysis, donate urine, examine the rectum,
Every 1-2 years you need to undergo a gastroscopy,
X-ray examination of the chest cavity should be carried out every 2 years, and for smokers - every year,
Every 3 years you need to undergo a colonoscopy.
In addition, before each visit to the doctor, it is necessary to determine the level of blood pressure. This should be done at least once a year, but if the pressure "jumps", it is better to measure it at least once every 4 weeks. The dentist should be visited annually.
When should you see a doctor?
Very well, when a man still decides to undergo a preventive examination. Often the body itself begins to signal the presence of problems, but the person does not pay attention to it. Be sure to see your doctor if you experience any of the following symptoms:
Peeling of the skin appeared, it became rough; brittle nails appeared and they began to exfoliate; hair loss appeared; it became difficult for you to concentrate; there was rapid fatigue, apathy; you often get sick with viral infections,
The duration of a common cold began to exceed 2 weeks,
Enlarged lymph nodes in the groin area,
Abdominal pain, bloating,
Frequent attacks of dizziness, tinnitus may indicate an increase in blood pressure and vascular pathology.
Most men, due to their self-confidence, ignore visiting doctors, even when the first signs of the disease are already appearing. Confidence, and sometimes pride, does not allow them to realize that they are sick and require medical attention. All this is good, but still, every man has a risk of age-related diseases that can be prevented if you go to an unscheduled medical examination on time.
Often there were cases when men complained about permanent chest pains, but stubbornly resisted showing themselves to the doctor. As a result, they all overtook a heart attack, which could have been predicted if not for excessive perseverance!
What makes men sacrifice themselves, but not go to the doctor? There are actually a lot of answers! There is also a busy work schedule, which does not allow you to escape for an examination, which, as we know, you will not get to without an appointment. There is also a high cost of treatment and medicines, which sometimes dishonest doctors prescribe in order to get their share of the sale. There are such theories that men believe that they have nothing to do there, because they drink, smoke, eat unhealthy food, and that nothing will save them in this life!
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We think the main reasons are clear, but how do you bring a man to a medical examination? Here you have to explain that with age, a man has every chance of “getting” on diabetes, various problems with the thyroid gland, the cardiovascular system, diseases of the musculoskeletal system and other male age-related diseases! To prevent all possible diseases, it is necessary to pass a series of tests and analyzes, take several x-rays and a cardiogram of the heart.
In order to be examined effectively, it is necessary, first of all, to fully trust the doctor.! It would be nice if it was a doctor you know or a doctor who was recommended to you by your acquaintances or friends. So you will definitely be sure of his professionalism and an unbiased attitude towards your person. Such a doctor can be entrusted with his treatment, if you have any problems! If you meet a doctor for the first time, strike up a conversation with him, ask about his qualifications, work experience, try to find common interests with him so that you develop confidence in him!
A man must understand that a medical examination is a deeply personal matter, and it is not done according to a knurled pattern. Therefore, he must be aware of the list of minimum procedures and tests that he must necessarily pass: with the expectation that the examining doctor can individually add, if necessary, several tests from himself, if he deems it necessary.
List of mandatory procedures and tests for men:
- Pressure check: an easy way to detect the presence of heart failure or low blood pressure, in which some contraindications will enter everyday life, which you will have to come to terms with;
- Blood donation for cholesterol: a mandatory procedure for men over the age of thirty-five, which is recommended every five years, in order to avoid diseases such as diabetes. In a healthy man, the cholesterol level should not rise until the age of sixty, if the result is above the norm - this is the first wake-up call that you need to respond to, namely, see a doctor;
- Cancer test: a test procedure is mandatory, especially for men over fifty! At an older age, a man is more likely to develop colon or rectal cancer, based on the overall statistics of deaths from this disease. Pass the analysis on time - do not replenish this terrible statistics;
- Age-related vaccinations: as you know, with age, a man becomes weaker, and accordingly, his immunity also weakens and requires additional protection that vaccination can provide him;
- Test for prostate cancer and testicular cancer: Prostate cancer is a common disease in men of all ages that can be prevented by surgery. The disease may not show external signs for a long time, but usually takes the victim by surprise. It is very important to detect testicular cancer in the early stages, as the symptoms become less noticeable with age, and the consequences overtake quickly. Therefore, these tests for men are considered mandatory at different age stages. If the problem nevertheless overtook you, contact the infertility treatment center: there you will receive a comprehensive consultation on the issue;
- Analysis for diabetes mellitus: given after passing the analysis for cholesterol, with overestimated results or with high pressure of the patient. Most often, this analysis is prescribed to men who have obvious signs of obesity;
- Skin Cancer Test: A procedure to be followed for irregular patches on the skin surface, as well as for birthmarks at a later age in men.
Men, remember, the sooner you undergo a medical examination, the easier the treatment will be, and it will not cost you a pretty penny! Be healthy!
Patients ask the question: “What will be at the reception?” before the first visit. Few people go to the urologist just out of curiosity. Most of the visits are forced: for a medical examination for work, a military enlistment office, obtaining a driver's license, etc. In fact, there is nothing to worry about, especially if the patient has no complaints.
Urologist: what does he do at the appointment?
Urologist: what does he do? Are there any differences between male and female urologist?
A urologist specializes in diseases not only of the reproductive system, but also of all nearby organs. There is a specialty urogynecologist - a doctor specializing in female diseases of the urinary system. In turn, an andrologist is a doctor who specializes in diseases of the urinary mechanism in men.
During the examination, not only diseases of the bladder can be detected, here is a detailed list of what a urologist can do:
Can palpate the kidneys, adrenal glands, prostate and prostate through the anus;
Also, to test for a huge "bouquet" of purely male and female diseases, you need to take smears.
Therefore, even if you did not like the doctor and said something terrible, you should not be offended by him, but it is better to be examined in another clinic. If more than three doctors say they suspect the same ailment, there is cause for concern.
Preparation for the reception
If you do not have complaints in the form of a weak flow of urine, pain in the kidneys and recent injuries to these places, then you can, in principle, not prepare. If there is discomfort in these places (kidneys, bladder and groin area), then follow the further instructions.
If your man has problems, he needs to take a shower, wash the groin area and anus. Ideally, do an enema to clear the passage. It is worth giving up sex for 2 days before taking. This is necessary for the accuracy of the analysis, for example, before donating blood, you can’t eat in the morning. In 2 days the system will come in order, you will get a more accurate result.
For some people, having an annual physical is a source of confidence that they are as healthy as they feel. Others see it as a signaling system to detect health problems before problems become serious.
... whether your symptoms improve. Physical examination To help determine if you have irritable bowel syndrome, your doctor will perform a standard body check including: Palpation of the abdominal cavity. Digital rectal examination. Listening to bowel sounds (using a stethoscope)....The significance of routine annual checkups has recently been discussed, but they remain a cherished tradition among many physicians and patients. What can you expect from your annual physical?
Video about medical examination
Annual Medical Examination: The Basics
Physical examination is an integral part of visiting any doctor. Surprisingly, there is no absolute criterion for a routine medical examination. A good doctor may do this carefully or briefly, according to your individual circumstances, any new medical problems you may have, and his personal examination style. A good doctor will take the time to listen to your concerns and provide advice tailored to your specific needs.
Most people go through a physical examination according to approximately the same plan:
Story. This is your chance to mention any complaints or concerns about your health. Your doctor may also ask you about important behaviors such as smoking, excessive drinking, sexual health, diet and exercise. The doctor will also check for necessary vaccinations and update your personal and family medical history.
Vital Functions. Here are some vital signs that a doctor checks for:
- Blood pressure less than 120 over 80 is normal blood pressure. Doctors define high blood pressure (hypertension) as 140 over 90 or higher.
- Heart rate: A value between 60 and 100 is considered normal. However, many healthy people have a heart rate less than 60.
- Breathing frequency: about 16 times is normal. Breathing more than 20 times per minute may suggest heart or lung problems.
- Temperature: 36.6 degrees is the average temperature, but healthy people may have a slightly higher or lower temperature at rest.
General form. Your doctor gathers a lot of information about you and your health just by watching and talking to you. What is the state of your memory and quickness of mind? Does the skin look healthy? Can you stand and walk with ease?
Heart examination. By listening to your heart with a stethoscope, your doctor may find an irregular heartbeat, a heart murmur, or other clues to heart disease.
Lung examination. Using a stethoscope, the doctor listens for crackling, wheezing, weakened breathing, or sounds. These and other sounds may indicate the presence of heart or lung disease.
Head and neck examination. "Open your mouth, say A" - and the doctor will be able to see your throat and tonsils. The quality of your teeth and gums also provides information about your overall health. He may also examine the ears, nose, sinuses, eyes, lymph nodes, thyroid, and carotid arteries.
Examination of the abdomen. Your doctor may use a number of physical exams, including tapping your abdomen to check for liver size and abdominal fluid, and listening for bowel sounds with a stethoscope and palpation.
Neurological examination. Nerves, muscle strength, reflexes, balance and mental state may be assessed.
Dermatological check-up. Skin and nail conditions can indicate problems or dermatological conditions elsewhere in the body.
Examination of limbs. The doctor will look for physical and sensory changes. He can check the impulses in the arms and legs and examine the joints for defects.
Male physical examination
The annual check-up for men may also include:
- Testicular Examination: The doctor may check each testicle for swelling, softness, or changes in size. Most men with testicular cancer notice their increase before visiting a doctor.
- Checking for a hernia: Your doctor will ask you to “turn your head and cough” to check for weakness in the abdominal wall between your bowel and scrotum.
- Examination of the penis: The doctor may notice signs of a sexually transmitted disease, such as warts or sores on the penis.
- Prostate examination: Inserting a finger into the rectum allows the doctor to feel the size of the prostate and any suspicious areas on it.
Women's physical examination
Annual check-ups for women may include:
- Breast examination. Detection of abnormal seals may indicate breast cancer or benign growths in the breast. The doctor will also check the lymph nodes in the armpit and look for visual abnormalities of the breast.
- Gynecological Exam: A gynecological physical exam allows you to examine the vulva, vagina, and cervix. The procedure checks for signs of sexually transmitted diseases. A Pap test can help detect cervical cancer.
Laboratory tests
During the annual physical examination, there are no standard laboratory tests. However, some doctors do certain tests regularly:
- Clinical blood test
- Blood chemistry
If there are no symptoms suggestive of a problem, these tests are unlikely to provide useful information.
A lipid profile (cholesterol test) is recommended every five years. Abnormal cholesterol levels increase the risk of heart attacks and strokes.
The medical examination should have been aimed at prevention
The annual check-up is a great opportunity to refocus your attention on prevention and screening:
- At age 50, it's time to start regular screening for colorectal cancer. People with immediate family members with colorectal cancer may need to be screened before the age of 50.
- For some women, age 40 is the age to start your annual mammogram screening for breast cancer. Talk to your doctor about the possible benefits and risks of starting a mammogram before age 50. Do you need an annual physical examination?
The annual physical examination is loved by many doctors and their patients. But studies show that, in fact, the examination is not very helpful in finding the problem and can lead to unnecessary tests.
Leading doctors and medical groups have called the annual check-up "optional" for people who are generally healthy.
Exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and not smoking are enough for most of us to be in good health, regardless of our annual checkup. However, no one can argue that regular visits will help you maintain a good relationship with your doctor. As long as you and your doctor pay attention to prevention and overall health, the choice is yours.
If you want to maintain your health at an optimal level for as long as possible (and always, provided there is a sufficient speed of technology development), you must, first of all, take care of it yourself. Regular medical examinations should become an unconditional principle. Starting from the age of 30, they should be carried out at least once every three years, after 60 - once every two years. However, it is not enough to simply visit a specialist. The realities of modern life are such that it is not always possible to meet a doctor who would remove all worries about our health from us. There are many inattentive and incompetent doctors. Therefore, we urge every sane person to be careful in choosing a specialist. You cannot reliably assess the state of your health on your own. Choose a doctor, and in order not to make a mistake, follow the simple rules that your doctor must follow during your curation. Do not forget that a doctor, unlike, for example, an airplane pilot, is not in the same boat with you, the main responsibility for your health lies with you. Some minimum "check-list" should be formed - similar to the procedure for checking instruments, which the pilot performs before takeoff and achieve at least passing through all the points.
A competent doctor, and therefore your doctor, during a physical examination should do the following steps in stages:
1. Assess the general condition
2. Assess and inspect everything from top to bottom, including:
a) Head, Eyes, Ears, Nose and Throat: The doctor will examine the neck, thyroid gland, tonsils and check the symmetry of the face. The doctor uses an otoscope to check the ears, nose, and throat. The neck is palpated or felt for abnormalities. This examines the thyroid gland, bones and blood vessels. A stethoscope can be used to listen to the arteries in the neck, as this procedure can identify blood blockages in the arteries. The head and neck are also checked for swollen lymph nodes and other abnormalities.
b) Cardiovascular system: The doctor uses a phonendoscope to listen to the heart - its frequency and rhythm. Any unusual sounds such as noises, as well as any rhythm abnormalities such as irregularities in frequency or regularity, should be investigated. Be sure to measure blood pressure and purity of heart contractions.
C) Lungs: The doctor should evaluate the regularity of breathing and whether it is difficult. Breaths should not be too fast or shallow. Listening with a phonendoscope is essential. Breathing should be clear, free of wheezing, stuffiness, or other unusual sounds.
D) Chest: For both men and women, a visual inspection should be performed for asymmetries, depressions or lumps. Then palpation is performed to examine the breast tissue for bumps, thickening or discharge from the nipples. Both armpits should be checked for swelling, nodules, or bumps.
E) Abdomen: Examine and auscultate the abdomen for any thickening, rash, uncolored skin or asymmetry, bowel sounds. By palpating and percussing (tapping) the abdomen, the doctor determines the size of the liver and spleen, and also evaluates the presence of abnormal thickenings or bumps. Any pain or soreness will also be noted, as will induration in the abdomen.
E) Urogenitals: In men, the penis and scrotum should be examined for damage, discharge, redness, swelling, or asymmetry. The testicles are palpated for lumps, swelling, or swelling. In this case, the doctor checks first one testicle, then the second, then the inguinal canal, while you will be asked to turn your head and cough in order to check for a hernia.
G) Vaginal Exam (Women): A visual examination of the external genitalia is performed to look for unusual discharge (clear or white is normal for women), redness, swelling, irritation, discoloration of the skin, bumps, scarring, or asymmetries. The inspection should be carried out using special tools, and end with the taking of material for research. So you can determine the presence of atypical cells and infection.
H) Rectal examination: After 40 men and women should undergo a rectal examination, which includes examination, palpation of the rectum, assessment of sphincter tone, presence of pathological discharge.
Surveys e, w, h It is better to entrust narrow specialists.
I) Neurological examination: includes a number of standard tests for coordination, sensitivity, strength and mobility, examination of reflexes.
K) During this medical examination, a competent doctor will examine the joints and spine, skin and visible mucous membranes, subcutaneous vessels. Will determine the presence of any deformations and changes, if any.
