Compound feed production: a business with a start-up capital of up to 15,000 rubles. Market analysis + list of required equipment + calculation of investments and payback.
Modern livestock and poultry farming in industrial volumes cannot be imagined without compound feed.
To accelerate the growth of livestock production, it is not enough to acquire pedigree representatives of your own species. An obligatory component is care and proper (balanced) nutrition, which compound feed can successfully provide to us. Consequently, their production is a lucrative and sought-after idea.
In our article you will receive detailed instructions on how to set up the production of compound feed at home, how much money will have to be invested and how quickly you will "win back" the investment.
What is compound feed?
A-priory, compound feed Is a combined animal feed that has undergone a certain processing (purification, grinding).
Contrary to popular belief, compound feed is not chemistry, it is balanced, proper nutrition for farm animals. With it, they will receive all the components necessary for life, will grow well, and will not get sick.
One more pros in favor of compound feed, if we compare it with grain: if the feed (grain) is not crushed, then the animal swallows it whole. In the stomach, non-refined grain is poorly digested, and bloating and other problems may occur. This will not happen with compound feed, because it is always chopped, crushed feed.
Market analysis
It is necessary to analyze the market in two directions: the raw material market and the sales market.
The calculation is made taking into account the current prices from the website Avito.ru.
Approximate prices for raw materials (rubles per 1 kg):
- wheat - 10
- oats - 9.5
- peas - 12
- millet - 11
- corn - 14
- chalk - 10
- herbal flour - 15
- barley - 12
- rye - 11
- cake - 20
- sunflower cake - 4
Studying the sales market - potential competitors selling similar goods (compound feed for poultry) - it is worth noting that for 25 kg of factory compound feed for poultry, the price is usually set at 900 - 1300 rubles.
Compound feed production at home
As you already understood, you can really make money on the sale of such feed. But is the manufacturing process really that simple?Manufacturing takes place step by step according to the following scheme:
- To begin with, we purchase and procure raw materials: feed grains and grass flour.
- We fill the feed grain into the crusher.
- Further, the crushed grain, along with grass flour, oil (pre-squeezed using an oil press) and other elements (chalk, salt, vitamins) that you want to include in your compound feed, are added to the mixer (mixer or concrete mixer).
- Mix everything well until smooth.
- In order to give our product a marketable appearance, we use a combination granulator. With its help, the compound feed from the "gruel" will turn into granules.
- We pack products in propylene bags.
- We store in a clean, dry room, with good ventilation, free of rodents and other carriers of diseases.
note: it is important to avoid direct sunlight.
1. Equipment for the production of compound feed.
What does it take to produce food at home? First of all, you need a technique. possible with a minimum amount of equipment for production. The essentials are a grain crusher and a mixer / feed mixer.A concrete mixer is suitable as a mixer, in many farms it is already available. A crusher for cereals costs from 4,000 to 50,000 rubles, in our calculations we will take a crusher with a capacity of 180 kg / h and a cost of 5,000, and a mixer - with a cost of about 7,000.
If you decide to produce grass flour on your own, then you also need a brushcutter (about 5,000 rubles) and a hay chopper (15,000 - 20,000). But the raw materials for this very flour are free, because you will not have to pay money for mowing the grass in the meadows. And this will reduce the cost of raw materials for compound feed by 10-15%, respectively, and the final product itself.
When things go well, a dryer, oil press and combination granulator can be added to the list of equipment. This equipment is professional and will cost you from 10,000. Such "reinforcement" will increase production volumes.
| 1. Crusher for cereals. |  |
| 2. Mixer of feed or concrete mixer. |  |
| 3. Petrol trimmer (brushcutter). |  |
| 4. Chopper for hay. | |
| 5. Dryer. |  |
| 6. Oil press. | |
| 7. Combined granulator. |
2. Premises and personnel for production.
Any spacious, dry and warm room is suitable for the production of compound feed. This can be a barn, garage, shed in warm weather, or just a courtyard of a private house.As for the personnel, only one person can start this business, but it is good if there is an assistant. When regular customers appear, the number of service personnel can be increased.
Compound feed production. Necessary equipment.
How to make compound feed at home?
Calculation of production costs
Of course, the investment will depend on how large-scale the business you have planned, to whom you will sell compound feed. Let's calculate based on the fact that we produce bird feed at home.Compound feed for poultry should be 70-75% grain. At the same time, you can change cereals, experiment with the composition, creating your own unique recipe.
Composition for 10 kg of compound feed with prices (in rubles):
- wheat - 2.5 kg (25%) * 8 p. = 20
- barley - 2.5 kg (25%) * 9.5 rubles. = 23.75
- corn - 1.7 kg (17%) * 14 p. = 23.8
- cake - 1.5 kg (15%) * 20 p. = 30
- peas - 0.3 kg (3%) * 12 p. = 3.6
- herbal flour - 1.5 kg (15%) * 15 r. = 22.5
In total, to produce 10 kg of compound feed for poultry, we have to spend 123 rubles. For a package of 25 kg - 307.5 rubles. At the same time, the average cost on the market is 1300 rubles / 25 kg.
| 1 kg | 25kg / bag | |
|---|---|---|
| Cost price | RUB 12.3 | RUB 307.5 |
| Average market value | 52 RUB | 1300 RUB |
As you can see, the production of compound feed at home is quite a profitable business. And not only for your own farm, but also for sale. Indeed, on each produced kg, you can earn 40 rubles. From one bag (25 kg), the profit will be about 1000 rubles.
The purchased basic equipment for the production of compound feed (a crusher for grain and a concrete mixer) will "beat off" you after the 12th sold bag. And, based on the opinion of experienced manufacturers, 12 bags can be sold using Internet resources in 1 day.
If we continue to develop the business and purchase a brushcutter and a hay chopper, then the cost of 1 kg of compound feed will decrease from 12.3 rubles / kg to 10 rubles / kg. Thus, for every 25 kg of compound feed, a businessman will earn 50 rubles. more and the purchase of equipment worth 25,000 rubles. will beat off after the sale of 24 bags of compound feed.
| 1 kg | 25kg / bag | |
|---|---|---|
| Cost price | RUB 10 | RUB 250 |
| Market price | 52 RUB | 1300 RUB |
Therefore, you should not postpone the implementation of this idea in a distant box - try ...
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Today, individual entrepreneurship in the countryside is an important part of the development of the agricultural sector as a whole. More and more people are starting to grow cows, pigs, rabbits and poultry, which, in turn, requires adherence to certain technologies. If we talk about feeding, then the increase in meat is ensured through the use of compound feed - a mixture of various cereals and other ingredients, which, due to its structure and composition, ensures good digestibility and is more nutritious than conventional feed. The demand for such products is consistently high. However, many rural entrepreneurs note that the quality of factory feed is more a matter of luck than a 100% guarantee. Many of them would prefer to buy such products from trusted people involved in the production of food at home. Investment in such home production is relatively low, and the prospects for development are enormous. Perhaps, over time, you will be able to develop your small business into a full-fledged production line.
Required Ingredients
The first thing an entrepreneur should remember is the compound feed recipe. She is essential in this business. There are more than one hundred types of different raw materials that can be used for the production of feed for animals and poultry. The basis of such feeds is fiber (due to its unique structure, it easily swells and absorbs fluids, increasing in volume in the body and improving digestibility), i.e. cereals. The percentage of its content will be as follows: 30-35% for rabbits, 15-20% for pigs, 20-25% for cows, 10-15% for chickens. However, all proportions, list and amount of ingredients will depend on the specific recipe.
Most often used for the production of compound feed:
- Cereals: barley, corn, wheat, oats, beans;
- Hay, straw and cake;
- Fish, herbal, meat and bone meal;
- Molasses, hydrol;
- Chemical additives: various vitamins, antibiotics, trace elements;
- Salt, honey, water, sunflower oil.
Below you can also familiarize yourself with the lists of the main ingredients of compound feed for rabbits, pigs, chickens, cows.
- Barley - 25%;
- Wheat bran - 5%;
- Corn - 15%;
- Herbal flour - 35%;
- Sunflower meal - 20%.
- Corn - 20%;
- Wheat - 10%;
- Salt - 0.2%;
- Barley - 20%;
- Sunflower meal - 30%.
5.5 kilograms of such compound feed gives 1 kilogram of meat (if we are talking about ordinary feed, 7 kilograms will be needed).
- Wheat - 25%;
- Corn - 17%;
- Herbal flour - 15%;
- Shell rock - 3%;
- Barley - 25%;
- Sunflower meal - 15%.
- Barley - 20%;
- Wheat bran - 15%;
- Herbal flour - 25%;
- Corn - 15%;
- Sunflower meal - 25%;
- Salt - 0.5%.
These recipes are not universal, but they give an understanding of the composition and proportions of various ingredients in the compound feed.
Necessary equipment
To produce compound feed at home, you will need the following equipment:
- Scales. Compound feed for poultry, cows, rabbits, etc. are prepared according to different recipes. In order to carefully observe all the given proportions, you need a good scale.
- Grain grinder. Such devices are necessary for high-quality grinding of grain. They are very compact and inexpensive - for example, a good crusher for home use can be purchased for 4-5 thousand rubles.
- Mixer for grain. Mixers, unlike grain, take up a lot of space. They can be vertical or horizontal. Such equipment costs a lot, about 50 thousand rubles or more, depending on the characteristics. However, many people involved in agriculture do without this device, grinding grain in a mixer, and then stirring it by hand. However, this method is too energy consuming for business.
- Extruder. An extruder is a piece of equipment that is essential to significantly increase the nutritional value and digestibility of feed. The cost of such devices can be different, but the most inexpensive ones can be purchased for 40-45 thousand rubles. Already crushed grain and other ingredients are placed there, after which they are processed at a temperature of 170-200 C. This not only increases the digestibility and nutritional value, but also improves the taste of the mixture, kills bacteria and allows you to rationally use the feed. Not all people involved in agriculture use an extruder to prepare food mixtures, but if you want to make this feed for sale, you should still get an extruder.
- Granulator (from 50 thousand rubles). Compound feed may vary in form of release. It can be loose, briquetted or granular. It is the latter type that is most in demand, which is why an entrepreneur needs to purchase a granulator. Its main function is to shape the mixture into identical particles, that is, granules. This increases the shelf life, simplifies the packaging process, allows you to feed animals and birds without any problems with the fact that they usually refuse to eat, increases the nutritional value, simplifies the process of transporting the finished product.
* There are many videos and even drawings of homemade granulators and mixers on the network. If you know you can handle the job, you can significantly reduce your startup investment and build the equipment yourself.
Step-by-step technology for the production of compound feed
The technology for making feed will depend on the chosen method of molding, the presence or absence of certain equipment, the selected recipe. All the basic steps are described below using various instruments. This should help you understand the sequence and specifics of the process of making compound feed at home.
Measure all the ingredients for the selected feed recipe using a scale.
Pass them through a grain grinder. Some entrepreneurs do this ahead of time by grinding wheat, oats, peas, corn, etc. and storing them in separate barrels. This saves time and reduces the number of tasks during the production of the finished mixture. So instead of taking the first two steps, they take one, just measuring out the ingredients.
Pour the ingredients into the mixer. This should be done one by one. If the compound feed contains liquids, for example, sunflower oil, they should be poured into the machine last. If you are producing loose, non-extruded compound feed, this completes its preparation. The mixture is weighed and packed. As mentioned earlier, some DIY pet food makers mix the mixture by hand without using a mixer.
If you have an extruder, you must use it immediately after mixing the ingredients. There the mixture is heat-treated. At the exit, it looks like "sausages", which are easy to return to a crumbly state, simply by crushing them with your hands or with any suitable object in a deep container.
The compound feed is cooled and packed in bags.
Sales areas
Of course, such a business is difficult to imagine in an urban format. An entrepreneur can buy equipment, put it in a garage, for example, and start production. However, it is necessary to sell the goods in the village and, most likely, retail, since such a scale of activity simply does not allow the production of goods in batches that can be sold to farms.
If an entrepreneur lives and works in a village, he can sell compound feed to his fellow villagers. If your friends buy a bag of formula and notice a significant increase in weight in livestock and poultry, word of mouth will work instantly, providing you with a large number of customers. Hypothetically, the product can also be sold to farms, nurseries, nature reserves and even zoos, but this will only become a viable option when your business grows into a full-fledged production line.
Conclusion
Making compound feed at home is a truly win-win idea for those who live in rural areas, run their own farm and are looking for an additional, stable source of income. Despite the fact that the equipment is not so cheap, once you invest money in it, you will be able to produce completely natural, safe feed for both your own livestock and for sale.
The need for food is fundamental to both humans and agricultural animals. In the case of animals, hundreds of kilograms of feed per day are required to feed properly and maintain their functionality (milk yield, egg production). Therefore, many entrepreneurs are looking towards the production of feed for sale. Of particular interest is today, the prices of which are increasing annually. Such a business is most beneficial for agricultural enterprises and livestock complexes.
The former have an abundance of feed raw materials, which are more profitable to sell in pellets. The latter want to save on the purchase of feed in the winter, harvesting grass and grain granules in the summer on their own.
Benefits of pellet feed
Granulated compound feed practically does not lose its nutritional value during storage, retains more nutrients than loose feed.
Binder compounds with substances valuable for the body are added to the granules: molasses, fat, hydrol, bentonites.
Eating and digesting feed pellets occurs as naturally as possible, in almost the same way as when eating natural feed. Nutrients are better absorbed by the body.
Animals and poultry spend less effort to grip the pellets, and the opening efficiency is increased. Another advantage is that when fed with a pelleted compound feed, the animal or bird cannot selectively eat the “tasty” ingredients and leave others.
The looseness of the product makes it less susceptible to temperature and moisture levels. There is no need to be afraid that the feed is caked or frozen.
Convenient transportation, the possibility of automatic distribution without losing feed on the way.
High-quality granules crumble minimally and do not pollute the feeder, pathogenic microflora does not grow in it.
How profitable is the production of pelleted feed?
You cannot rush into any business without calculating the risks.
In the production of granules, a black hole is transport and purchase of raw materials... It is advisable to organize the plant in such a way as to incur minimal losses for the transportation of raw materials to the plant and delivery of the finished product to the point of sale. With all transport costs, the price of compound feed must remain competitive.
The second concern of the feed producer is sales support... It is ideal to supply the product to neighboring farms, which have a stable demand, and which can be offered more profitably than competitors. Searching for customers across the entire region / country is fraught with marketing and brand building costs, and you will have to offer an even lower price in the market than incumbents.
These simple and logical conclusions do not always come to the mind of breeders who, in the wake of enthusiasm for the idea, tend to underestimate the risks.
So: a plant that has its own raw materials or is located in close proximity to the raw material base and sells feed to nearby livestock complexes will be absolutely profitable, flexibly adjusting to their needs.
These conditions are relaxed if you arrange your own for personal needs. In this case, the product is consumed at the place of manufacture, there are no packaging costs, there are no strong claims to the quality of the pellet. Experts argue that poultry and livestock complexes that produce feed on their own take away a huge part of the costs and achieve higher profitability.
Business plan for the production of pelleted feed
It is very difficult to draw up a "rough" business plan for the production of pelleted feed. There are too many unknowns and variables in this equation:
- corn:
- herbal supplements;
- flour - bone, fish;
- vitamin and mineral components;
- salt;
- and special additives.
- intake of grain mixture;
- feeding it to the crusher with the use of magnetic protection, which traps metal impurities;
- supplements bookmark;
- grinding, which takes place in a crusher, where a fan works, blowing the suspension formed in the air into a special dust collector;
- mixing;
- unloading of finished products.
- concentrated feed with increased protein content, as well as minerals and essential trace elements;
- feed varieties with certain additives that have a specialized purpose - to improve immunity, increase productivity, etc.;
- a complete balanced diet.
- loose of varying degrees of grinding - small, medium, large;
- round or elongated granulated feed;
- briquetted feed in the form of square or rectangular tiles.
- Marketing research of the demand for certain types of feed. This stage determines the effectiveness of the further development of production and its profitability, since specific suppliers of raw materials and consumers of products are established with the conclusion of contracts. After that, it is easy to establish the optimal volume of compound feed production and select the corresponding model of the mini-plant.
- Analysis of the competitive environment.
- Pricing strategy. To attract consumers, it is necessary to think over a flexible system of payment for the produced compound feed with deferred payment, bonuses for regular customers, etc.
- Technical planning. The inclusion of this section in the business plan for the production of compound feeds allows you to establish in detail the requirements for raw materials, the stages of quality control of the products, select a specific brand of the mini-plant.
- Architectural and construction solutions. It is decided what area is needed for storage of raw materials, warehouses for finished products, production facilities.
- finished mini-plant ≈ 1500;
- repair and construction work ≈ 350;
- registration and other expenses ≈ 50.
- raw material reserves ≈ 500;
- salary based on two people per month ≈ 40;
- repair, depreciation ≈ 10.
- 30-35% - for rabbits;
- 20-25% - for cows;
- 15-20% - for pigs;
- 10-15% - for chickens.
- mixed feed contains a lot of fiber, which is important for its normal assimilation;
- etching of the animal's body occurs, which is necessary for full development;
- the feed contains vitamins that support the health of the animal and ensure the quality of the meat.
- ground barley - 25%;
- ground corn - 15%;
- wheat bran - 5%;
- sunflower meal - 20%;
- herbal flour - 35%.
- ground corn - 20%;
- ground barley - 20%
- ground wheat - 10%;
- sunflower meal - 30%;
- herbal flour - 20%;
- table salt - 0.2%.
- ground wheat - 25%;
- ground barley - 25%;
- ground corn - 17%;
- sunflower meal - 15%;
- herbal flour - 15%;
- ground shell rock - 3%.
- ground barley - 20%;
- ground corn - 15%;
- wheat bran - 15%;
- sunflower meal - 25%;
- herbal flour - 25%;
- table salt - 0.5%.
- Mowing meadow grass or alfalfa. Drying hay on a dryer, grinding grass flour.
- Crushing of cereals, corn, barley.
- Pressing fodder sunflower seeds through an oil press (churn). At the exit - meal and technical sunflower oil with fusa.
- Deposition of technical oil. Fuzz can be poured into a lavsan bag and placed under a press.
- Loading the ingredients into the granulator - getting the finished product.
- Dosage of all components according to the recipe of the composition required for a particular type of agricultural animals.
- Compaction of bulk feed with a granulator to form easily digestible granules.
The scale of production that you are preparing;
This implies the number of workers and the level of equipment;
The raw materials from which the product will be made, and the prices for it in your area;
Herbal flour.
All calculations of the business plan for the production of pelleted feed should be taken as very rough estimate profits and expenses.
The process of pelleting compound feed
The peculiarity of the process is to grind crops and additives of different physical and chemical composition and mix them in the right proportions. Let's describe the main stages of the production of granulated feed.
1. Grinding
To obtain a hard and dense granule, it is necessary to grind all components to a fine fraction. For these purposes, rotary and hammer crushers are used. often chosen because of the pneumatic unloading and unloading of raw materials, which eliminates the need for additional feeding devices (conveyors). Depending on the granulation technology of various feeds, sieves for the crusher are chosen, which determine the size of the fraction to which the grain is crushed. Shredded forage crops are unloaded through a hose further into a forage mixer or receiving hopper.
2. Mixing
The crushed material is sent to. There, different components are mixed with inner blades and form a homogeneous mass. At this stage, vitamin-mineral complexes can be introduced through the augers for adding additives to enrich the feed mixture. The homogeneity of the mixture in all areas of the mass is an important quality indicator of the final product.
3. Granulation
The mixed mass enters the receiving hopper in equal portions. There, it moves into the mixer, steamed and sent to the pressing unit. As a result of the interaction of the matrix and the press rollers, the mixture is passed under pressure into the holes of the matrix and comes out in the form of hot granules.
4. Cooling
For the successful formation of the pellet, it is necessary to cool it down to ambient temperature. For this purpose, the pellets are transported by means of a conveyor to a cooling column with manual or automatic control. There they are blown with cold air, and fine grain particles are sifted through a sieve at the bottom of the column.
5. Packing
With the help of weighing batchers, the finished product is packed in bags or big bags.
Powerful equipment for the production of granulated feed
If you are looking for a reliable and powerful one, then ALB Group is happy to calculate a pelletizing line for your production volume. We organized both large feed projects with the production of more than 2-4 tons of product per hour, and small home-based feed pelletizing factories designed for one or several farms.
Some of our projects:
What we offer to feed producers:
Industrial pelletizing line with an output from 500 to 7000 kg or more of feed per hour. The complex is based on.
Mini-plant of loose compound feed, consisting of a rotary grain crusher and a vertical feed mixer.
Mini-plant of granulated compound feed, which, in addition to a crusher and a mixer, is used. This option is optimal when the breeder plans to produce pelleted feed at home. and long-term storage of feed for their own needs, and high productivity is not required.
How have we earned the trust of our customers?
ALB Group produces powerful Russian equipment for pelleting biological waste. All the main units of the pelletizing lines are produced only independently from Russian and European components. Therefore, we are fully responsible for the quality of the equipment.
Since our head office is located in Nizhny Novgorod, we are always available for consultation, departure to the customer, supply of additional equipment and components. Each customer's problem is dealt with by specialists on the spot. We do not offer universal solutions, but select equipment and dies for each type of raw material. And since we have extensive experience in granulating various raw materials, we are striving to obtain high-quality granules in a given volume.
When striving to organize your own business, you can choose such a direction of activity as the manufacture of feed mixtures, which are currently in high demand in poultry and livestock farming.
In order for production to become profitable, at the initial stage it is necessary to study the consumption market, determine the sources of raw materials and invest in the purchase of a mini-plant focused on the production of granulated, loose or briquetted feed.
Manufacturing process
The main purpose of the granulated compound feed is to feed birds and animals, both on large farms and on a private backyard. This type of feed is balanced, since it includes trace elements and vitamins necessary for a good nutrition of the farmed livestock.
Compound feed production technology on equipment
Starting your own business with the purchase of a feed mini-mill, it is necessary to study the production technology and establish the composition of the raw materials used. It includes a fairly extensive number of components:
Having developed a specific business plan, you need to take into account that the range of mini-factories produced for the manufacture of combined feed allows you to make a choice. The line LPKG-1 is intended for the granulated type of feed, as well as LPKG-3, produced by OOO Doza-Agro, Nizhny Novgorod region.
The Belarusian company "Polymya" offers a mobile trailed installation PKU 5165, as well as PKU 5105, from which grain is taken mechanically. There are units with a pneumatic grain intake mechanism - PKU 3500 and 4500.
The entire cycle of compound feed production in installations occurs according to a certain, almost identical, algorithm:
The composition of the raw mix is developed in accordance with the wishes of the customer. The weight of the put components is controlled by a computer program, for which the mixer is located on an electronic weighing device equipped with a display.
Product range
The development of the formulation of the produced feed on mobile mini-installations allows them to be differentiated according to various indicators.
Recommendations for the use of soybean, rapeseed and sunflower meal Nutritional value:
By the form of feed release:
Compound feed for animals - types of molding Having organized the production of popular types of feed, it is gradually possible to create an extensive database of their varieties, which will significantly expand the consumer sector. The capabilities of the mobile feed mill make it possible to vary the structural formula of the feedstock, fulfilling the incoming order. Differences from industrial lines
The distinctive features of mini-factories in comparison with stationary large industrial lines for the production of compound feed are the following indicators.
It is due to the fact that the unit is mounted on a trailer, which can be transported with a tractor to any convenient place. A business starts to generate quick income when a plant operates next to a farm or near a warehouse where feed grains are stored.
This indicator is based on the ability of small feed mills to change the formulation of the produced feed in accordance with the order.
The installation can be serviced by two or three people.
To locate a mini-plant, you will not need to build large, expensive workshops. A competently drawn up business plan for the winter season should include the construction of a small insulated room or the reconstruction of an existing barn.
It is convenient for consumers to purchase products in small batches, which is especially important for private households.
Equipment and materials
When developing a business plan focused on the production of compound feed, which is relevant in modern conditions, it is necessary to take into account that the most expensive purchase will be a mini-plant.
The LPKG-1 or LPKG-3 line will allow organizing the production of loose and granulated feed. With a power of 43 kW, the productivity is 1 t / h. The Belarusian mini-plant has a high productivity, which is about 6 tons per hour for PKU 5105 and 3500, and 9 tons for PKU 5165 and 4500.
A detailed business plan will include one more area of capital investment aimed at the long term, expressed in the preparation of premises, if it is planned to establish a production line in one specific place. We need warehouses for raw materials and storage of finished products. When moving miniature factories to the consumer, it is necessary to take into account that it will be necessary to conclude contracts for the lease of space for work.
In order for the installation to work in a normal mode, it is necessary to constantly have a stock of raw materials and conclude agreements on the exact timing of its delivery.
Business plan
Before a mini-plant, aimed at producing a variety of mixed feeds, starts its work, it is necessary to think over and develop a detailed business plan. It includes several sections.
Cost price, payback
To determine the payback time of the invested funds at the initial stage of the operation of plants for the production of compound feeds, it is necessary to include the expenditure and income parts in the business plan and compare them.
Fixed assets costs (thousand rubles):
Total: 1900 thousand rubles.
Fixed costs - production cost of products:
Total: 550 thousand rubles.
In total, about 2,450 thousand rubles will be required to open a production facility for the production of combined feed for various purposes.
The income part will depend on the productivity of the installation. For example, let's take the output - 1.0 t / h. If the work shift is 8 hours, then in 23 working days the installation will produce the following amount of compound feed:
1.0 ∙ 8 ∙ 23 = 184 t / month.
Considering that the average price per ton is 6.5 thousand rubles, the monthly revenue will be equal to:
6.5 ∙ 184 = 1196 thousand rubles.
The profit is:
1196 - 550 (fixed costs for raw materials, repairs, depreciation, wages) = 646 thousand rubles.
Net income including taxes (6%) will be equal to:
646 - 38.76 = 607.24 thousand rubles.
Fixed assets at this level of income will pay off in 1900 / 607.24 = 3 months.
Video: Mini feed mill Doza-Agro
Mixed feed production as an attractive business for small investments. The demand is stable, the consumer buys this product in tens of kilograms at the retail price. To start production, a minimum set of inexpensive equipment is required. And over time, you can quickly develop into a full-fledged semi-automated production line.
Compound feed is a consumable product that meat and milk farms and households need. The animal feed pellet business has a high profitability, active capital turnover. In order for the product to be in demand, we will ensure its quality. This indicator is extremely important in agriculture.
The feed is well absorbed - the growth rate of livestock increases, the ratio of a kilogram of food per kilogram of meat improves. The higher the quality of the combined feed, the higher the efficiency of the farm. But one more problem needs to be solved - to reduce the cost of the product without losing quality. Only a few will buy food for farm animals at high prices.
What is included in the compound feed?
The basis of pelleted animal nutrition is feed grain. It is half the price of class grain. To add fiber to the feed, add herbal flour. And you can mow meadow grass for free.
By reducing the cost of the main components of compound feed, a businessman can sell it at a wholesale price favorable to the buyer. Farmers usually purchase feed in 30 kg bags or even tons. Free herbal flour allows you to improve the quality of the product.
The percentage of fiber in different feeds:
Almost all compound feeds contain cereals rich in fats, proteins and carbohydrates and meal containing vitamin E. Such nutrition is poor in other useful microelements. By adding herbal or vitamin flour, an entrepreneur solves several problems at once:
Fiber, due to its cellular structure, absorbs liquid and swells. The amount of food that has entered the animal's body increases. As a result, the main movement of feed through the intestines is facilitated. Accordingly, digestibility is improved and growth is increased.
Ordinary hay is used in the production of grass meal. Mowing meadow grass is recommended, but alfalfa and sainfoin are acceptable. The cut hay is dried, crushed and fed to the pelletizer with other components.
Composition of components for animals and birds
The components and their ratio depend on the type of food of the farm animal.
Rabbits
Composition of compound feed for rabbits at home:
Lack of fiber in the diet of rabbits leads to bloating and death of the livestock. It is important for this farm animal to observe the food pickling system!
35% of vitamin flour satisfies the animal's daily fiber requirement. The feed prepared in this way gives an increase in meat from 1 kg per month. The survival rate of rabbits is increased. They still need to be fed with grass. But they are too sensitive to fresh grass: a poisonous plant, dew on the blades of grass can get caught.
Pigs
Do-it-yourself pig feed, recipe:
The pig eats 2.7-3 kg per day. 5.5 kg of this compound feed gives 1 kg of pure meat gain. For comparison: regular feed will need 7 kg.
Chickens
Composition of mixed feed for broilers at home:
You can give less meal, but not more. Otherwise, the fat content of the chicken increases, the laying hens do not lay eggs well.
In the recipe for mixed feed for broilers, made by hand, you should definitely include shell rock. It is a source of calcium, which is essential for strengthening bones and forming shells. Where to get? A shell building block made from the seabed will do.
Cows
Compound feed recipe for cows:
Compound feed in the diet of cows is not the only type of food. But in animal breeding, it plays an important role: the fat content of milk increases, the growth of pure meat improves.
Granulated feed at home
For example, let's take a line for the production of feed from barley, corn, meal and grass meal. The line includes only inexpensive equipment for the production of compound feed at home:
| Equipment name | Specifications | Weight and dimensions | Price |
| Compound feed granulator | Engine power - 2.2 kW, 1500 rpm; productivity - 60-130 kg / h | Weight - 58 kg; dimensions - 75 x 41 x 76 cm | 400$ |
| Grain crusher | Engine power - 900 W; 4000 rpm; productivity - 230 kg / hour | 280$ | |
| Oil press (for the production of meal) | Power - 2 sq. / Hour; productivity - 5 l / hour | Weight - 45 kg | 400$ |
| Dryer | 550$ | ||
| Hay chopper | Engine power - 4 kW | Weight - 65 kg; dimensions - 53.6 x 65.1 x 141.5 cm | 500$ |
| Motokosa | Power - 1.7 kW; 6000 rpm | Weight - 8 kg, tank size - 1.2 L | 50$ |
Thus, at the initial stage, it will take $ 2,190 to equip the production line. Plus monthly expenses for renting premises, electricity and raw materials.
A mini feed mill works according to the following scheme:
We take the proportions depending on the type of feed. The size of the granules can be changed using various attachments.
If funds for starting your own business are limited, you can purchase some components at the initial stage. Subsequently, when available funds appear, the full line is completed.
