Tomatoes composition. Tomatoes. Essential Amino Acids in Fresh Tomato

Tomatoes can contribute to the fight against excess weight - a low-calorie product, rich in vitamins and extremely useful for health. Calorie content of tomato per 100 grams is quite low, does not exceed 20 kcal. A certain amount of calories is spent on its processing, which reduces the already small energy value of a tasty vegetable. So putting on weight by leaning on tomatoes will not work.

The homeland of tomatoes is Central America, 2.5 thousand years ago the Incas and Aztecs cultivated sacred fruits - "tomatl", which means "large berry". They were brought under this name in the 16th century. to Europe, where tomatoes were initially considered poisonous, they were used only to decorate gardens and window sills. But already in the XVIII century. the cheerful Italians ate "golden apples" - "pomy d'oro" with gusto - seasoning them with butter and pepper. From Italy, they came to the table of Catherine II. The taste of bright vegetables charmed the empress, with her light hand "golden apples" began to be grown in Russia for consumption.

Ripe tomatoes - a pharmacy containing vitamins, trace elements, antioxidants, which we often lack. Such as:

• Most of all carotene in tomatoes - 400-500 grams of red fruits cover the daily intake of a substance that is good for the eyes.
• Ascorbic acid, B vitamins contribute to normal metabolism, increase immunity, improve skin condition.
• Vitaimnom S are the richest varieties of pink color, they also contain selenium, which increases immunity and mental activity.
• Tomatoes contain a lot of potassium and magnesium, which makes them a valuable product for cores, potassium helps to remove excess fluid, reduces puffiness.
• Tomatoes are useful for the prevention of anemia, since they contain iron and copper, without which the synthesis of hemoglobin is impossible.
• The seeds of ripe vegetables with the flavonoids surrounding them reduce the viscosity of the blood and prevent the formation of blood clots.
• "Golden apples" contain in excess of a valuable dye - lycopene - the most powerful natural antioxidant. It not only has a beneficial effect on the work of the heart, but also prevents the formation of cancer cells. Especially the yellow varieties contain a lot of lycopene.
• Tomatoes - berries of joy - their use increases the level of serotonin in the blood, which improves mood, helps to overcome depression.

Tomatoes are a real balm for the digestive tract. The watery structure of the vegetable facilitates its digestion in the stomach, the skin contributes to the peristalsis of the intestinal walls, keeps it "in good shape." Tomato diets are popular among those who lose weight, because due to the chromium content, these vegetables reduce appetite and cause long-term satiety.

Does a tomato have a negative calorie content?

As for the calorie content of a tomato, it should be noted right away that it is not negative.

Please Note: The only proven zero calorie product is pure water. It does not contain proteins, fats and carbohydrates, but the body will have to spend several calories to cool or heat water to body temperature - the effect of negative calories will be obtained.

Any food product (except water) consists of proteins, fats, carbohydrates. To assimilate them, 10-15% of the calories they supply to the body are required.

The composition of the BJU in a fresh tomato looks like this:

• Proteins - 0.6 g / 100g;
• Fat - 0.2 g / 100 g;
• Carbohydrates - 4.2 g / 100 g.

It is necessary to add fiber (0.8 g / 100 g) and water (93.5 g / 100 g) to the BJU of tomato - these nutrients do not contain calories. A fresh tomato has a caloric content of about 20 kcal per 100 grams, 3-4 kcal will be spent on its assimilation, a small remainder will replenish the body's calorie reserves. The energy value of a tomato is not negative, but low enough that it can be used in weight loss diets.

Calorie dependence on the cooking method

When figuring out how many calories there are in a tomato, you need to consider the way it is prepared.

Table: calorie content of tomatoes with various processing

• As can be seen from the table, salty vegetables have the lowest calorie content, while they retain all the vitamin composition and trace elements of fresh fruits.
• Pickled tomatoes after cooking lose the lion's share of vitamins, but remain a low-calorie product that is useful for losing weight. At the bottom, there is a high content of lycopene and essential trace elements (potassium, manganese, iron).
• The miniature cherry variety quickly gained popularity: small tomatoes are much sweeter and tastier than their large counterparts, they can perfectly decorate any dish.
• The value of tomato juice is that it contains more lycopene than fresh vegetables. 1 piece of large fruit weighing 100 g contains 1.5 mg of lycopene, while 100 ml of tomato juice contains 7-8 mg. Two glasses of juice a day will cover the body's daily need for this powerful natural antioxidant.
• Properly cooked stewed and baked tomatoes contain more calories, but they are superior to fresh fruits in lycopene. 100 g of the dish contains less water, but a higher percentage of lycopene and trace elements.
• Some meat dishes are lower in calories than canned sun-dried tomatoes, richly flavored with olive oil. In homemade preparations, they are prepared in dryers for 5 hours at t ° = 80 ° with a large amount of salt. Deprived of moisture, sun-dried tomatoes have the maximum content of vitamins and all other useful nutrients and are a concentrated medicinal product.

Tomatoes for weight loss

Despite the low calorie content, tomatoes are not a product that can be regularly used with mono diets. By eating only vegetables with a minimum content of BJU, you can bring your body to exhaustion, disrupt metabolism, and upset your health. In addition, tomatoes increase the acidity of gastric juice, and such a mono-diet often ends with gastritis. Oxalic acid, which is abundant in bright red vegetables, accelerates the formation of oxalate stones in the kidneys. Tomatoes work effectively when losing weight, if you replace one intake of high-calorie food with them in the daily diet. Instead of an abundance of calories, the body will receive an excellent vitamin supplement that stimulates the digestive tract, keeping you feeling full for a long time.

Top 10 vegetables for weight loss

Slimming vegetables are not only low-calorie foods, but also a source of vitamins, valuable nutrients needed to promote health.

Together with tomatoes, it is useful to involve in the fight against excess weight:

• Eggplant - 4 kcal / 100 g;
• Cucumbers - 14 kcal;
• Zucchini - 23 kcal;
• White cabbage - 27 kcal;
• Sweet pepper - 27 kcal;
• Carrots - 34 kcal;
• Greens - 30-50 kcal;
• Onions - 41 kcal;
• Young potatoes - 30 kcal.

The listed vegetables give unlimited scope for culinary creativity and will allow you to lose weight with taste without harming your health. However, it does not hurt to take into account some of the comments of nutritionists.

Tomatoes and cucumbers - the effect of eating together

Many people love tomato and cucumber salad, but are these vegetables healthy when eaten together?

• Tomatoes create an acidic environment, cucumbers create an alkaline environment; the interaction of these substances leads to the formation of salts, which can become stones in the kidneys and gallbladder.
• Vitamin C, which is so rich in tomatoes, is neutralized by enzymes from cucumbers. When they are used together, the body will not receive ascorbic acid, no matter how many tomatoes we eat.
• To assimilate food, the liver and pancreas secrete enzymes. None of the enzymes needed by cucumbers are the same as those released when tomatoes are digested. While one vegetable is being digested, another will begin to ferment in the stomach, putting stress on the liver to protect the body from fermentation products.

Of course, one festive cucumber-tomato salad will not create serious problems, but it is better to consume these vegetables separately on a regular basis.

We are not chemists! But we tried to collect for you information that is in the public domain, so that you can find out everything about the composition of fresh tomatoes in one place.

Nutritional value of tomato

Energy value - 19.9 kcal / 100 g

100 g of fresh sweet pepper contains:

• water - 93.5 g;
• carbohydrates - 4.2 g;
• proteins - 0.6 g;
• fats - 0.2 g;
• dietary fiber - 0.8 g;
• organic acids - 0.5 g;
• ash - 0.2 g

Vitamins in fresh tomato

Vitamins Is a group of organic compounds, united on the basis of their absolute necessity for the normal functioning (in other words, for life) of organisms that cannot synthesize them independently from inorganic chemical elements and substances by photosynthesis. And since we are not plants and not green, we cannot go anywhere without vitamins.

Evolution, a Higher Power, aliens or a virtual reality program (choose at your own discretion) is predetermined that our body receives vitamins from food, in addition to vitamin D. not a drop more. All that is superfluous is brought out. Therefore, it is not only safe, but also healthy to consume natural natural vitamins "in small doses in large quantities"! But at the same time, remember the words of the famous ancient Greek doctor Hippocrates: "Everything is good, that in moderation!"

The name of the vitamin contained in a fresh tomato (listed in descending order of quantity)	The value of the vitamin for the human body
C (ascorbic acid)	essential for the normal functioning of connective and bone tissue, participates in metabolism, is an antioxidant. Deficiency causes muscle aches, bleeding gums, dry skin, subcutaneous hemorrhage, tooth loss, heart disease, scurvy, and death.
B 4 (choline)	from it in the body, the most important neurotransmitter acetylcholine is synthesized, which is necessary for the normal functioning of the nervous system, is necessary for carbohydrate metabolism, regulates the level of insulin in the body, takes a direct part in the normal functioning of the liver, starts the processes of cell regeneration in it after intoxication, participates in the protection of the heart muscle from damage. Its lack causes mental disorders, depression, insomnia, nervous breakdowns, memory impairment, high blood cholesterol, high blood pressure, varicose veins, fatty liver (fat deposition in the liver), degeneration of the tubular apparatus of the kidneys, bleeding, growth retardation
B 3 (niacin, or PP (nicotinomide), or nicotinic acid)	"Vitamin of tranquility", participates in fat, carbohydrate and protein metabolism of cells, is necessary for tissue respiration, regulates redox processes in the body, is necessary for the functioning of the digestive system, participates in the processes of food splitting, participates in the synthesis of sex hormones, in some cases suppresses cancer. Its lack causes nervousness, aggressiveness, increased irritability, headaches and dizziness, diarrhea, heartburn, nausea, dermatitis, insomnia, mental impairment, hallucinations, dementia, memory loss, inflammatory processes in the intestines
E (tocopherol)	necessary for the processes of circulation and blood clotting, prevents thrombus formation, lowers blood pressure, participates in tissue regeneration, is an antioxidant (protects cellular structures from destruction by free radicals), participates in the synthesis of hormones, supports immunity, prevents the appearance of age-related pigmentation, participates in the formation of collagen and elastic fibers of the intercellular substance, participates in the biosynthesis of proteins and the development of the placenta. Its lack causes fragility and dullness of hair, loss of skin elasticity, increased skin pigmentation, disorders of the vestibular apparatus, anemia, depression, chronic fatigue, muscular dystrophy, thinning of the retina, infertility, damage to the heart muscle, liver necrosis
B 6 (pyridoxine)	participates in the metabolism (metabolism) of macroelements, the synthesis and maintenance of the balance of hormones, the synthesis and normal functioning of hemoglobin in the blood, the synthesis of fats, proteins, enzymes, is necessary for the normal functioning of the central and peripheral nervous system, participates in the absorption of glucose by nerve cells, prevents cancer , is necessary for the synthesis of antibodies, for the normal functioning of the liver. Its lack causes flatulence, dryness and peeling of the skin of the face, scalp and neck, anxiety, depression, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, convulsions, inflammation of the oral mucosa, tongue and membranes of the eye, frequent ARVI, acute respiratory infections and allergic reactions, polyneuritis of the upper and lower extremities, deterioration of the immune system
B 1 (thiamine)	regulates the transmission of nerve impulses, participates in maintaining the water-salt balance, controls fat and carbohydrate metabolism in cells, participates in the processes of digestion, hematopoiesis, is an antioxidant, is necessary for the activity of the brain. Its lack causes depression, sleep disturbances, shortness of breath, thermoregulatory disorders, nausea, disturbances in the functioning of the nervous system
B 2 (riboflavin)	essential for the formation of red blood cells, antibodies, growth regulation, normal reproductive function of the body and normal functioning of the thyroid gland. Responsible for the health of skin, nails, hair. Its lack causes cracks in the corners of the mouth, photophobia, inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eyes (conjunctivitis), clouding of the lens (cataract), stomatitis, seborrheic dermatitis, changes in the nervous system, anemia, partial atrophy of the optic nerve
Beta-carotene (vitamin A provitamin)	is responsible for the elasticity of the skin and hair, normalizes the functioning of the gonads, is responsible for the production of seminal fluid in men and the development of the ovum in women, is a powerful antioxidant, has an immunostimulating effect. Its deficiency causes lacrimation during temperature changes in the air and windy weather, increased sensitivity of the teeth, increased pain sensitivity, weakening of the functions of the sphincter of the bladder, premature ejaculation, impaired brain activity
B 9 (folic acid)	participates in the synthesis of neurotransmitters serotonin and norepinephrine, in the synthesis of nucleic acids with hereditary information, participates in blood formation, is necessary for the formation of gastric juice, the processes of normal cell division, the growth and development of all organs and tissues, the circulatory and immune systems. Its lack causes a feeling of fear, inflammation of the mucous membranes of the mouth and tongue, bleeding gums, indigestion, insomnia, premature gray hair, hyperchromic anemia (disorders of the blood formation process), bowel disease, liver damage
K 1 (phylloquinone)	"Antihemorrhagic vitamin", is necessary for the synthesis of proteins, participates in the regulation of blood clotting, metabolism in bones and connective tissue, is necessary for the normal functioning of the kidneys, participates in the absorption of calcium and its interaction with vitamin D, participates in redox processes in the body, has antibacterial and analgesic effects, has the ability to remove toxins from the liver and increase life expectancy. Its deficiency leads to the development of hemorrhagic syndrome, gastrointestinal, intradermal and subcutaneous bleeding, severe bleeding during trauma
H (biotin, vitamin B 7, coenzyme R)	plays an important role in metabolism, maintaining blood glucose levels, is necessary for the synthesis of fatty acids, participates in the biosynthesis of hormones, the absorption of sulfur, promotes growth, is necessary for the synthesis of useful intestinal microflora, is necessary for the normal functioning of the skin, hair, nails and the nervous system. Its deficiency causes seborrhea (dandruff), brittle nails, hair loss, lethargy, drowsiness, nausea, muscle pain, vomiting, anemia, skin diseases (dermatitis, psoriasis, eczema), eye diseases, inhibition of growth and development of the body, decreased vascular tone and muscles, low blood pressure, increased blood sugar and cholesterol levels, accelerated aging of the whole body

Macronutrients in fresh tomato

Macronutrients Are biologically significant chemical elements necessary to ensure the normal functioning of living organisms.

Fresh tomato contains the following macronutrients (listed in descending order of their quantity):

• potassium- maintains acid-base balance, normalizes water balance in the human body;
• chlorine- participates in maintaining the body's water-salt metabolism, is found in muscle, bone tissue and in the blood, it is necessary for the formation of gastric juice;
• phosphorus- "element of life", is a part of nucleotides, enzymes, bones, tooth enamel;
• magnesium- participates in metabolism, in the regulation of the transmission of nerve impulses and in muscle contraction, is necessary for the normal functioning of the human musculoskeletal system;
• calcium- building material for the skeleton and teeth, necessary for various intracellular processes, blood clotting, hormone secretion;
• sulfur- participates in the formation of protein, is part of the amino acids;
• silicon- contained in muscle, bone and blood, participates in the formation of connective and epithelial tissues, is necessary for the growth of hair and nails;
• sodium- contained in the intercellular fluid. Supports acid-base and water balance of the body, acts as a catalyst for chemical processes in the human body.

Trace elements in fresh tomato

Trace elements- biologically significant chemical elements involved in biochemical processes and maintaining the constancy of the internal environment of a living organism.

Of the microelements, fresh tomato contains (in decreasing order of their quantity):

• zinc- is necessary for the functioning of the prostate and the normal production of male hormones and sperm, participates in the synthesis of various hormones, including insulin, is necessary for the breakdown of alcohol in the body;
• germanium- ensures the transfer of oxygen to the tissues of the body, suppresses the multiplication processes of foreign cells, activating macrophages and specific immune cells, stimulates the production of interferon to protect against foreign microorganisms, is a powerful antioxidant, participates in the cessation of the movement of electrons in nerve cells, regulates all valve digestive systems, peristalsis and the venous system. These functions determine its immunostimulating, antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial properties, as well as the ability to delay the development of malignant neoplasms and the appearance of metastases, the ability to reduce pain;
• rubidium- plays the role of a stimulant of the nervous and cardiovascular systems, increases blood pressure, has an antihistamine effect;
• manganese- is necessary for hematopoiesis and the normal functioning of the gonads;
• aluminum- is contained in almost all human organs, ensures the establishment of bonds with nitrogen and oxygen in the body, takes an active part in regenerative processes in connective, epithelial and bone tissues, is necessary for the normal functioning of the parathyroid glands, as well as for the formation of phosphate and protein compounds;
• boron- is found in muscle, bone and human blood;
• copper- participates in protein metabolism in the body as a part of enzymes;
• barium- is contained in all organs and tissues of a person, most of all - in the brain, muscles, spleen and lens of the eye, bones and teeth. It is necessary for the regulation of smooth muscle contractions. Refers to toxic trace elements. It is widely used in agriculture and the food industry in rodenticides - agents (poisons) for the control of rodents;
• lithium- reduces the excitability of the nervous system, actively affects the neurochemical processes in the brain, has an insulin-like effect. Its deficiency causes manic-depressive psychosis, schizophrenia and other mental illnesses;
• beryllium- the physiological role in the human body has not been studied enough. It is known to be involved in metabolism and support of the immune status. A toxic trace element when it enters the body in any other way, except with food: an excess leads to softening of the bones;
• fluorine- contained in the enamel of teeth and bones;
• iodine- is part of the hormones produced by the thyroid gland and have a multilateral effect on the chemical, biological and physiological processes in the body;
• nickel- participates in enzymatic reactions, the exact biological role has not been established;
• molybdenum- necessary for antioxidant processes, an important component of tissue respiration, participates in the regulation of uric acid metabolism, supports the immune system;
• cobalt- involved in the processes of hematopoiesis, the functioning of the nervous system and liver;
• chromium- participates in the metabolism of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates;
• tin- is contained by the human body, enters the body with food. Almost nothing is known about the physiological role;
• iron- it is necessary for the processes of oxygen exchange (respiration);
• vanadium- participates in redox processes, respiration, hematopoiesis, plays an important role in the processes of growth and reproduction, is necessary for the formation of bone tissue and teeth;
• selenium- is a part of proteins, is contained in the liver, kidneys, spleen, heart, ovaries (in women) and spermatic cords (in men), participates in the regulation of metabolism, in redox processes, is an integral component of more than 30 vital biologically active compounds of the body, is involved in the synthesis of hormones.

Essential Amino Acids in Fresh Tomato

Amino acids are indispensable, which enter the human body exclusively with food.

Fresh tomato contains the following essential amino acids (listed in decreasing order):

• phenylalanine- is a part of all proteins;
• leucine- is a part of proteins;
• lysine- is a part of proteins, it is necessary for the growth and repair of tissues, the production of antibodies, hormones and enzymes. Has antiviral effect, especially against the viruses that cause herpes. Lack of lysine causes immunodeficiency states;
• isoleucine- is a part of all proteins, participates in energy metabolism;
• threonine- participates in the formation of proteins;
• valine- is a part of all proteins, the main component in the synthesis and growth of tissues of the human body, prevents a decrease in serotonin, lowers the body's sensitivity to pain, cold, heat, participates in nitrogen metabolism;
• histidine- is a part of many enzymes, is necessary for the synthesis of histamine, participates in the growth and repair of tissues, is contained in hemoglobin. The deficiency causes hearing impairment;
• methionine- participates in various biochemical processes in the body;
• tryptophan- is a part of proteins.

Essential Amino Acids in Fresh Tomato

Fresh tomato contains nonessential amino acids (indicated in decreasing order of their quantity):

• glutamic acid- is a part of proteins, is a neurotransmitter amino acid, participates in the excitation of neurons, is involved in the cognitive functions of learning and memory. Glutamate disorders are associated with stroke, autism, mental retardation, Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, clinical depression, and schizophrenia;
• aspartic acid- is a part of proteins, plays the role of a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system;
• alanine- is a part of proteins;
• serine- participates in the construction of almost all proteins, participates in the formation of enzymes;
• tyrosine- is a part of proteins, enzymes;
• arginine- is a part of basic proteins, participates in the synthesis of hormones. In a healthy adult, it is produced in the body in sufficient quantities. The shortage occurs in the elderly and sick people, in children and adolescents;
• glycine- is a part of proteins and biologically active compounds, is a neurotransmitter amino acid (has an inhibitory effect on neurons);
• proline- is a part of proteins, the largest amount is found in connective tissue - collagen;
• cystine- plays an extremely important role in the formation and maintenance of the spatial structure of proteins and their biological activity.

Other substances in fresh tomato

Vitamin U (methyl methionine sulfonium)- a vitamin-like substance that enters the human body exclusively with food, in case of its shortage it is replaced by other compounds, the "anti-ulcer factor", heals the mucous membranes of internal organs, recognizes foreign compounds and participates in their removal from the body, takes part in the formation of biologically active compounds, is involved in the course of various metabolic processes, has an antihistamine effect, normalizes the acidity level in the gastrointestinal tract, is an antidepressant.

Betaine (trimethylglycine, or trimethylaminoacetic acid, or internal salt)- a substance derived from the amino acid glycine. Plays an important role in the intermediate metabolism and in the weakening of abnormal DNA mutations, acts as a substitute for vitamin B12, in case of its lack, in biochemical reactions. Prevents the risk of breast cancer in women of childbearing age, prostate adenoma and colorectal cancer. Protects cells from dehydration. It is widely used in medicine: in preparations for improving liver functions, as well as in the production of cosmetics in moisturizers and masks due to its ability to significantly improve the appearance of the skin.

Lycopene- natural organic pigment that determines the red color of the fruit. In the human body, it neutralizes oxidative processes, it is found in the blood. The risk of developing cancer of the prostate, stomach and lungs, atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease and cataracts is inversely proportional to the level of lycopene in the blood. It enters the body only with food. Has anti-inflammatory effect.

Lutein and Zeaxanthin- yellow natural organic pigments in the human body are contained in the eye, especially in the retina, blood plasma. Visual acuity depends on them. Prevents oxidative damage to cells, protects against the most aggressive part of the visible light spectrum - blue-violet. They enter the human body exclusively with food. Digested with organic fats.

Not just a tomato, but a real laboratory of an alchemist! Yes, for a long time tomatoes were considered poisonous and maddening ...

However, remember that all the beneficial properties of a tomato are lost when it is treated with chemicals to accelerate growth and ripening, and lengthen the shelf life.

Peasant (farm) farm "Yaroslav-Agro" grows tomatoes in an environmentally friendly way, which guarantees not only their food safety, but also their benefits for your health.

Take care of yourself! Good health to you!

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Each vegetable has its own unique composition. In this article I will write about the chemical composition of fresh and pickled tomatoes. From what useful substances are contained in the vegetable and its beneficial properties depend.

Fresh tomato composition

I want to note right away that the data given in this article are taken from the reference book by I.M. Skurikhin.

The composition of 100g tomato contains 92g of water, 1.10g of protein, 0.20g of fat, 4.6g of carbohydrates, 0.8g of fiber. Energy value 23kcal. These vegetables are low in calories. The fact that tomatoes contain fiber and a lot of water means that you can lose weight on tomatoes.

Which ?

100g tomato includes:

1. Carotene 1.2mg,
2. Thiamine 0.06mg,
3. Riboflavin 0.04mg,
4. Niacin 0.53mg,
5. Vitamin C 25mg,
6. Vitamin E 0.39mg,
7. Vitamin B6 0.10mg,
8. Biotin 1.2mg
9. Pantothenic acid 0.25mg
10. Folacin 11mkg.

I think it is difficult for an ordinary person to figure out whether 1.2 mg of carotene is a lot or a little, because you need to compare this figure with the daily requirement of these substances. Simply put, 300 g of a tomato contains the daily requirement of carotene and vitamin C, the rest of the substances are less.

Minerals in tomatoes.

100g tomato contains potassium 290mg, calcium 14mg, 20mg, sodium 40mg, phosphorus 26mg, iron 900mkg, iodine 2mkg, manganese 140mkg, fluorine 60mkg, chromium 15mkg, zinc 200mkg.

Chemical composition of pickled tomato.

In pickled tomatoes, the content of water, protein, fat, carbohydrates and dietary fiber does not change compared to fresh tomatoes.

But as for the mineral composition of pickled tomatoes, the sodium content increases dramatically up to 480 mg. This is due to the fact that edible salt is added when canning tomatoes. It is a preservative that acts on bacteria in a certain way and they die. That is why our canned food is stored for a long time. But potassium, calcium, magnesium and iron, when pickling a tomato, migrates into the solution.

Or, translated from Italian - golden, is one of the most common food products, which everyone knows about, which everyone buys, and, moreover, is grown on almost everyone. In addition to excellent taste, this plant has a huge vitamin reserve and, which makes it a "favorite" of the whole society. Paradoxically, for a long period of time, tomato fruits were considered unfit for consumption. They were grown in Europe as specific.

Description of the fetus

Tomato- a representative of the family. It is referred to, however in culture it is still used as. The stalk is lodging, most often requires a garter, but there are ones that are cultivated without a procedure (standard). The root is tap-shaped, highly branched and located at a depth of about 50 cm.
It is juicy, with a different number of seed chambers: from small-chambered (2-5) to medium-chambered (6-9) and multi-chambered (10 or more). The advantage of multi-chambered fruits is their fleshiness and volume, the disadvantage is the small offspring of seeds.

The growth period after setting is about a month, the ripening time is from 10 to 15 days, during which the fruit takes on a color from green to bright red. Depending on the ripe, they can be of various shades: orange, red, raspberry or even.
A wide variety of fruit shapes makes it possible to grow from ordinary round to plum and tomato. It is best to choose fruits with a smooth surface for consumption. The weight can be from 20 g to 1 kg. All this is purely individual and depends on various varietal characteristics.

Chemical composition

Tomatoes contain a large amount of vitamins, useful macro- and microelements.
Per 100 g:

• vitamin A (beta-carotene) - 1 mg;
• vitamin B1 (thiamine) - 0.06 mg;
• vitamin B2 (riboflavin) - 0.04 mg;
• niacin - 0.5 mg;
• folic acid - 11 mcg;
• vitamin C - 25 mg;
• vitamin E - 0.4 mg.

• potassium - 300 mg;
• calcium - 14 mg;
• magnesium - 20 mg;
• sodium - 40 mg;
• phosphorus - 24 mg.

Contains trace elements:

• 0.9 mg iron;
• 2 mcg iodine;
• 6 mcg cobalt;
• 140 mcg manganese;
• 0.1 mg copper;
• 0.2 mg zinc.

Calorie content and nutritional value

Possesses very low calorie, for which it is appreciated. On average, there are 23 kcal (or 96.2 kJ) per 100 g of the fetus.

100 g of tomatoes contain a lot of water (about 92 g), proteins - 1.1 g, fats - 0.2 g, carbohydrates - 5 g. It also contains fiber (0.8 g), pectins (0.3 g ), organic acids (0.5 g) and (0.5 g).

The benefits of tomatoes

The benefits are invaluable: in addition to excellent taste and low calorie content, this one has become a real storehouse of useful substances for both women and men.

For men

Let's take a look at what is useful for men.

Firstly, the juice from this miracle fruit is very useful for the normalization of the body and all internal organs, helps prevent and eliminate constipation, fights ulcers, and stops the development of cataracts.

Tomatoes, raw or processed, have a positive effect in the treatment and prevention of atherosclerosis in men. In emergencies, it is possible to use a tomato in the treatment of wounds and cuts, if there is no special ointment at hand. It perfectly disinfects wounds and promotes their rapid healing.
The main value in the fruits of this plant is the presence of a special pigment - lycopene, which slows down oxidation, thereby providing an anti-cancer effect on the body of men. Moreover, cooking tomatoes increase the amount of lycopene, which further reduces the risk of cancer of the prostate, stomach and lungs.

Did you know?Every year in Spain, in the small town of Buñol, a special La Tomatina festival is held, which attracts people from all over the world. Its essence lies in the battle, the main weapon of which is precisely the tomatoes.

For women

Knowing how low the calorie content of tomatoes is, one can immediately draw a conclusion about what are the benefits of tomatoes for women. They are able to speed up metabolism, remove excess fluid from the body, eliminate puffiness and even reduce blood cholesterol.

Fruit juice helps to lose excess weight, improve the appearance and condition of the skin. It also helps maintain bone health, especially for postmenopausal women.
Like men, tomatoes help the female body fight cancer cells.

Healing properties

You can talk a lot about the beneficial properties of this plant, because it really does a lot irreplaceable vital functions.

1. Tomatoes are often used in the treatment and prevention of cardiovascular diseases.
2. They have an excellent diuretic effect, start all metabolic processes in the body, so their use is often recommended when prescribing diets for overweight people.
3. They improve the functioning of the nervous system, acting as a kind of antidepressant.
4. Tomato juice and dishes improve immunity, mood and well-being.
5. Many people do not know about this, but these berries are excellent thirst quenchers.
6. The beneficial substances contained in the fruits improve vision, prevent various eye diseases.
7. Especially for women, tomatoes are useful for their anti-aging properties, they smooth wrinkles, give the face a natural healthy tone.
8. Regular consumption of tomatoes helps to improve memory and faster assimilation of various information.

Dietetics and tomatoes

As mentioned above, tomatoes are low in calories, which makes them one of the top foods that are prescribed for diets. In addition to their lightness, they are still able to launch all the necessary processes to eliminate excess weight and normalize the functioning of the stomach and intestines.

So there are different ways of eating tomatoes in dietetics:

1. The fruits are often used during fasting days. This will not only give your body lightness, but also cleanse of unnecessary substances and eliminate a couple of kilograms in just one day.
2. Another effective method would be to combine tomatoes with, and, on the basis of this, carry out a fasting day. also low in calories and useful, so this combination of foods will only enhance their beneficial effect on your body. On such days, do not forget that you need to drink plenty of clean water to speed up metabolic processes.
3. It is also useful to combine fresh tomatoes with cereals, in particular with. This combination will provide you with the necessary amount of carbohydrates and iron, but at the same time it will also allow you to lose weight. Such meals can form the basis of a diet for a couple of weeks.