Kyiv Shevchenko University. Kyiv National University named after Taras Shevchenko, knu. Buildings and campuses

Kiev National University is a higher educational and scientific institution that trains specialists in many fields of knowledge and carries out extensive research work. Kyiv University fully lives up to its name. But this is not just a university, of which there are many in Ukraine. It is the main national center of higher education and progressive thought in Ukraine. The university has the largest number of faculties and specialties for training future specialists.

Taras Shevchenko University of Kiev is a world-famous higher education institution. Over the course of more than a century and a half of its existence, it became a center where advanced ideas grew and the national intelligentsia was educated, where the freedom-loving spirit and liberation struggle of the Ukrainian people acquired their guides.

The Decree of the President of Ukraine dated April 21, 1994 established that Taras Shevchenko University of Kiev is a national university with the status of a self-governing (autonomous) state higher educational institution, which operates in accordance with its own Charter.

Today, Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University is a diversified educational and scientific complex that unites 14 faculties (biological, geographical, geological, economic, historical, cybernetics, mechanical and mathematical, preparatory, radiophysical, sociology and psychology, physical, philosophical, chemical , legal), 5 educational Institutes (journalism, international relations, philology, military, postgraduate education), Center for training and retraining of foreign citizens, Center for Ukrainian Studies, Research Institute of Physiology, Botanical Garden, Zoological Museum, Scientific Library, Information and Computing Center , Astronomical Observatory, Publishing and Printing Center, Kanevsky State Reserve. The university is a co-founder of three institutes and two colleges. Over 30 thousand students study in these structures.

The annual competition for admission to the university is over 3 people. per place, and in some faculties - 6-11 people. This indicates the high rating of Kyiv University.

The university employs over 2,000 scientific-pedagogical and over 1,000 scientific workers in 158 departments. Over 82% of teachers have academic degrees and titles, in particular 24% of teachers are doctors of sciences and professors. Every year, university researchers and teachers publish monographs, textbooks, teaching aids and scientific articles, including abroad and in professional publications.

A source of information: http://www.univ.kiev.ua

Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University (abbreviated KNU) (ukr. Kiev National University named after Taras Shevchenko) - leading and one of the largest universities in Ukraine in Kiev, a national center of science and culture, one of the oldest universities in the country. In 2008-2009 it received research and autonomous status.

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History of names

Training and retraining of specialists in the field of fundamental and applied disciplines is carried out in 70 natural, social and humanitarian specialties and 153 specializations. As of the summer of 2011, admission to training is being carried out at the educational qualification levels of bachelor, specialist and master. The university employs over 2,000 scientific-pedagogical and 1,000 scientific workers, with more than 80% of the teaching staff having academic degrees, and 24% having doctors of science.

The university is developing dynamically. Thus, by the decree of the President of Ukraine “On measures to improve the status of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv” dated May 5, 2008, the university was assigned research status, which reflects recognition of the high level of scientific research, which serves as the basis for 48 scientific schools.

Faculties

• Geographical;
• Biological;
• Economic;
• Information technology (exists since 2013);
• Historical;
• Cybernetics;
• Mechanics and mathematics;
• Preparatory;
• Psychology (exists since 2008);
• Faculty of Radiophysics, Electronics and Computer Systems ( former Faculty of Radiophysics, founded in 1952);
• Sociology (exists since 2008);
• Physics (formed in 1940 from the physics and mathematics department created in 1864);
• Philosophical;
• Chemical (formed in 1933 from the department created in 1901);
• Legal.

Training institutes

• Military Institute;
• Kiev Institute of Regional Management, Entrepreneurship, Economics, Management and Tourism (founded in 2005);
• Institute of Geology
• Institute of High Technologies;
• Institute of Journalism;
• Educational and Scientific Center "Institute of Biology";
• Institute of Postgraduate Education (founded in 1949);
• Institute of Philology.

Divisions

The university operates:

• Information and Computing Center;
• Research part;
• Department of International Scientific and Technical Cooperation and Innovative Technologies;
• Center for Ukrainian Studies;
• Ukrainian Physics and Mathematics Lyceum;
• Ukrainian Humanitarian Lyceum;
• Primary trade union organization;
• Primary trade union organization of students;
• Health and sports complex;
• Museum of History of Kyiv University;
• Zoo museum;
• Linguistic Museum;
• Center for Underwater Archeology;
• Student Parliament;
• Department of Physical Education and Sports;
• Scientific Society of Undergraduate and Postgraduate Students;
• Target training department;
• Publishing and printing center "Kiev University".

Institute of International Relations, or Kiev Institute of International Relations, officially the Institute of International Relations of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (ukr. Institute of International Studies of Kiev National University named after Taras Shevchenko) - a structural unit of the Kyiv National University. In 1995, the institute was designated the main educational and methodological center for training specialists to work in the field of international relations and foreign policy of Ukraine.

History of the Institute of International Relations

Faculty of International Relations and International Law

Based on the order of the People's Commissar of Education of the Ukrainian SSR dated October 18, 1944, the Faculty of International Relations was opened at Kiev University with the aim of training practical workers of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The faculty was headed in the first post-war years by I. A. Vasilenko and M. P. Ovcharenko. The first head of the department of history of international relations was Professor Alexander Kasimenko, director. After him, it was headed by V. A. Zhebokritsky, Vasily Tarasenko, a diplomat who had previously worked at the Soviet embassy in Washington. In 1962, a department of international law was created at the Faculty of Law and Economics. The Department of International Law and Foreign Legislation, headed by Doctor of Legal Sciences I. I. Lukashuk, was called upon to provide the educational process at the department.

Since 1971, the training of international relations specialists was resumed at the restored Faculty of International Relations and International Law. Structurally, the faculty included the Department of History of International Relations and Foreign Policy, the Department of International Law and Foreign Legislation, and the Department of Russian Language for Foreigners, which had previously been a university-wide department. The deans of the faculty at that time were the founders of scientific schools on international relations and international law, Professor G. M. Tsvetkov, corresponding member of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine Anatoly Chukhno, associate professor O. K. Eremenko, professors Konstantin Zabigailo, Anton Filipenko, Vladimir Butkevich.

In 1972, the faculty opened the specialty “international economic relations”. Soon a corresponding department was created - international economic relations (headed by professors Viktor Budkin and Anton Filipenko). in 1975, on the basis of the faculty, a correspondence department for advanced training of international lecturers was opened with a two-year training period, headed by associate professor A. I. Ganusets. The department enrolled citizens of Ukraine with higher education who were engaged in lecturing, teaching and research work.

In 1976, the Department of Foreign Languages ​​was created as a structural unit of the faculty, which provided training for domestic students to work as assistant translators, taking into account the specialty of international relations specialists. The first head was Associate Professor I. I. Borisenko. During the period of its functioning (until 1990), the faculty trained more than 3,500 international relations specialists (mainly from among foreigners). Graduates of the faculty formed the basis of the small (at that time) diplomatic corps in Ukraine, laid the foundations of pedagogical and scientific schools in the field of international relations and international law.

Institute of International Relations

On May 4, 1988, the Faculty of International Relations and International Law was reorganized into the Institute of International Relations and International Law, which in December 1990 was renamed the Institute of International Relations.

Buildings and campuses

Red body

The main building of the university, located at st. Vladimirskaya, 60, is the oldest of the university buildings. The building was built in the style of Russian classicism by architects V.I. and A.V. Beretti by order of Nicholas I and is an architectural monument of national importance. The body is painted in the colors of the Order of St. Vladimir - red and black. On the facade of the building there are memorial plaques to T. G. Shevchenko, whose name the university bears, to students and teachers who died in the Great Patriotic War, and to the headquarters of the destroyer battalion formed in the summer of 1941 from teachers and students of Kyiv University.

Yellow body

The building of the University's Humanities Building, known as the Yellow Building, is located at 14 Shevchenko Boulevard. The building was built in 1850-1852 in the classicist style according to the design of the architect Alexander Beretti for the First Kyiv Gymnasium. In 1959 the building was transferred to the university.

Maksimovic Library

Scientific library named after M. Maksimovich. The library building is located next to the main building of the university (Vladimirskaya St., 58). Together with the university building and the building of branch No. 1 of the National Library of Ukraine named after V. I. Vernadsky (Vladimirskaya St., 62) they form a single architectural ensemble.

Botanical Garden

Botanical Garden named after Academician A.V. Fomin, located at st. Petliury, 1. Was founded in 1939. Currently, the garden area is 22.5 hectares. The garden is located behind the main building of the university.

Astronomical Observatory

The observatory is located at st. Observatornaya, 3. Founded in 1845. At first it was planned to place the observatory in the main building of the university, but later it was decided that it needed a separate building, which was built in 1841-1845 according to the design of Vincent Beretti.

Kanevsky Nature Reserve

Other divisions

• Rectorate, st. Vladimirskaya, 64/13.
• Sports complex, ave. Academician Glushkova, 2b.
• Ukrainian Physics and Mathematics Lyceum, ave. Academician Glushkova, 6.
• campus

Ratings and reputation

According to Webometrics Ranking of World Universities KNU is the only Ukrainian university among the 100 best universities in Central and Eastern Europe (97th place) according to the criterion of the number of mentions about it on the Internet, and also took 1613 place among 6000 universities in the world according to the same criterion.

In 2008, in the ranking of 228 Ukrainian universities, compiled by the charitable Foundation for Development of Ukraine Rinat Akhmetov, KNU shared first place with the National Law Academy named after. 

Yaroslav the Wise.

Story

Base The university was founded by decree of Nicholas I on November 8, 1833 as Imperial Kyiv University of St.Vladimir

, on the basis of the Vilna University and Kremenets Lyceum that were closed after. He also approved the temporary charter and staffing table. According to this charter, the institution was subordinate not only to the Minister of Public Education, but also to the trustee of the Kyiv educational district. The university council annually elected deans of faculties, and they were approved by the minister.

Initially, one of the main tasks set for the university was the fight against the Polonized Kyiv intelligentsia, which was persecuted after the defeat of the Polish uprising of 1830-1831. The appeal to Prince Vladimir I, who baptized Rus' according to the Eastern rite, was supposed to symbolize precisely this direction of the university’s activities.

The first classes at the university and its grand opening took place on July 15, St. Vladimir’s Day. The Divine Liturgy was served at the Kiev Pechersk Lavra, after which those present returned to the house rented for study in Pechersk.

According to the charter, a four-year period of study was established. Students took exams at the end of each course, and before graduating from the university, those who were especially talented were awarded gold and silver medals.

The most populous faculties at Kiev University in the 19th century were the faculties of law and medicine. In 1859 there were 540 physicians, three times as many as lawyers; since the 60s of the 19th century, the number of lawyers has been growing rapidly, and the number of doctors has been falling; there are twice as many lawyers in the city as doctors; in the city there are almost equal numbers of them, then the number of doctors exceeds lawyers in the city by almost 5 times (785 and 175). The influx of doctors at this time was so great that it was necessary to install a kit for the 1st course. Despite this, by the city there were 1014 doctors.

The number of lawyers also increased rapidly at the end of the 19th century (in 1894 - 932). The number of philologists before the introduction of the statute of 1884 was about 1 ⁄ 9 of all students (in 1883 - 162), then quickly began to fall, and in 1894 there were only 69.

At the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics until 1868 there was 1 ⁄ 4 total number of students, in the city this number decreased to 1 ⁄ 8 , and in 1894 there were 312 people, that is, about 1 ⁄ 7 , and there are 1½ times more natural scientists than mathematicians, whereas before mathematicians predominated.

At first, most of the students were children of nobles (88%), but in 1883 nobles accounted for only 50%. In the 60-70s of the XIX century. democratization of students took place. The commoners gradually replaced the nobles. The progressive democratic students of Kyiv University actively participated in the revolutionary movement. According to official data, of the number of persons brought to trial for participation in the revolutionary struggle against tsarism in 1877, students and students of secondary educational institutions accounted for 50 percent.

Simultaneously with their studies, the struggle continued: Kyiv students took part in the All-Russian student strike of 1899 in protest against police repression at St. Petersburg University.

Kyiv University in the 20th century

In 1900, students protested against the expulsion from the university of participants in a student rally, which resulted in 183 students becoming soldiers.

In November 1910, violent worker and student demonstrations took place in Kyiv in connection with the death of Leo Tolstoy. Among the 107 arrested demonstrators are about a hundred students. In February 1911, an all-Russian student strike took place again.

The First World War put Kiev University in a very difficult position. The military command, not wanting to have rebel students in the rear of the army [ ], gave the order for the evacuation of Kyiv University to the “left bank of the Dnieper”, ultimately to Saratov. The evacuation significantly worsened the situation for the students. Due to the relocations, laboratories, offices, and museum collections suffered heavy losses. In the autumn of 1916, the university returned to Kyiv.

On the eve of the October Revolution of 1917, about 5,300 students studied at Kiev University.

In 1918, the university was closed and reopened only on March 29, 1919. On April 23, 1919, it became officially known as Kyiv University. In 1920, the university was disbanded, and on its basis the Higher Institute of Public Education named after Mikhail Petrovich Drahomanov (since 1926 - the Kiev Institute of Public Education), as well as institutes of social education, vocational education and physics, chemistry and mathematics were created.

By the resolution of the Collegium of the People's Commissariat of Education of the Ukrainian SSR of January 1, 1933, state universities were restored in Ukraine, among which was Kiev State University, which included 7 faculties. In March 1939, by decree of the Presidium of the USSR Supreme Council, he was named after T. G. Shevchenko (in honor of the 125th anniversary of the latter’s birth). The following year, a new academic building was built to house the humanities departments.

Before the start of the Great Patriotic War, KSU was the third largest university in the USSR (after Moscow and Leningrad). During the war, the university was evacuated first to

The University of Ukraine has the following material and technical base: modern equipment, Botanical Garden, Research Institute of Physiology, Astronomical Observatory, Geological and Zoological Museums, on the basis of which students undergo practical training.

In the conditions of the development of the independent Ukrainian state, new important tasks appeared before the university. They are related to the need to improve the system of training and retraining of specialists. After all, university graduates work in various areas of public life in independent Ukraine. Future specialists should be distinguished, first of all, by national scale of thinking, patriotism and a high level of national consciousness, creative flight of thought, enormous responsibility for the cause, and deep professional knowledge. Those. This is the universality of training in the broad sense that we strive for. This level can be achieved by attracting the brightest minds of the most talented scientists to the educational process, stimulating their work accordingly, and depriving them of unnecessary, and at times incompetent, care from various departments. And for this it is necessary to have the status of an independent higher educational institution in Ukraine. This is exactly the direction we are working in.

The university was named in 1939 in honor of the outstanding Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko. After graduating from the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts, he worked here as an employee of the archaeographic commission (1845-46).

Scientists and teachers of Kyiv University have made a worthy contribution to the development of science and socio-political thought in Ukraine.

• historians and philologists M.A. Maksimovich, M.I. Kostomarov, V.B. Antonovich, I.V. Luchitsky, M.P. Dragomanov, V.M. Peretz, A.I. Biletsky, A.Yu. Krymsky , E.V. Tarle;
• lawyers K.A. Nevolin, M.D. Ivanishev, M.F. Vladimirsky-Budanov, A.F. Kistyakovsky;
• economist M.I. Ziber;
• mathematicians V.P.Ermakov, D.A.Grave, M.M.Bogolyubov;
• mechanics I.I. Rakhmaninov, G.K. Suslov, P.V. Voronets;
• physicists M.P. Avenarius, M.M. Schiller, J.Y. Kosonogov;
• chemists S.M. Reformatsky; A.K. Babka, A.M. Golub, A.T. Pilipenko, A.U. Kipriyano;
• geologists K.M.Feofilaktov, V.M.Chirvinsky, M.I.Andrusov, P.A.Tutkivsky;
• botanists I.F. Shmalgauzen, S.G. Navashin, K.A. Purievich, O.V. Fomin, M.G. Kholodny;
• zoologists K.F.Kesler, O.O.Kovalevsky, O.M.Severtsov, O.O.Korotnev,
• biochemist O.V. Palladin;
• physicians V.O. Betz, M.S. Sklifosovsky, F.G. Yanovsky, V.P. Obraztsov, M.D. Strazhesko.

A whole galaxy of outstanding figures of Ukrainian culture emerged from the university walls - writers Mikhail Staritsky, Maxim Rylsky, composer Nikolai Lysenko.

Currently, the university has about 20 thousand students in 13 faculties and 6 Institutes. Almost two thousand teachers pass on their knowledge and experience to them. Researchers and students develop cooperation with many universities and scientific institutions around the world.

Kyiv National University named after. Taras Shevchenko was founded in 1834.

1. Kyiv University in the first half of the 19th century.

Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University is a classic research university, the leading higher education institution in Ukraine. Its history begins on November 8, 1833, when the proposal of the Minister of Education S.S. Uvarov was supported to found the Imperial University of St. Vladimir on the basis of the Polish Kremenets Lyceum moved to Kyiv. On July 15, 1834, on the day of memory of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir, the grand opening of the university took place.

On October 18, 1834, by order of Emperor Nicholas I, the 30-year-old professor of botany, historian, folklorist, and outstanding encyclopedist Mikhail Maksimovich was approved as the first rector of the University.

T.G. Shevchenko. Portrait of M.A. Maksimovich. 1845

In the 1834-1835 academic year, the university had only one faculty of philosophy with two departments: historical-philological and physical-mathematical. 62 students were enrolled in the first year and classes began at the university on August 28, 1834. In 1835, the Faculty of Law was opened, and in 1841 - the Faculty of Medicine, created on the basis of the Faculty of Medicine of the liquidated Vilnius University (Vilnius).

A significant problem for the university was the lack of its own premises. During the first eight years, the management of the educational institution was forced to rent several private buildings that were not at all suitable for the educational process. Construction of the new premises began on July 31, 1837, according to the design of V. Beretti, professor of architecture at the St. Petersburg Academy of Arts.

Under his direct supervision, a building in the classicist style was erected, which is still the main building of the university. Next to it, Professor E. Trautfetter founded a botanical garden, which is still functioning today. The transition of the university to its own large premises and the adoption of the university charter in 1842 made possible the consistent reform of the departmental system - the number of departments increased from 20 to 37.

Contrary to the desires of the imperial government to turn Kiev University into an outpost of autocracy, progressive ideas have always lived and developed within its walls. During the 1830-1860s. the university was one of the centers of the Polish national democratic movement, and in 1845-1847. The Cyril and Methodius Brotherhood developed its activities here.

N.I. Kostomarov (1817-1885). Professor at Kyiv University, famous Ukrainian historian, ethnographer, writer, publicist, public figure. Initiator of the creation and author of program documents of the Cyril and Methodius Brotherhood

The founder and author of the brotherhood's programmatic works, the outstanding historian M. Kostomarov, headed the university department of history. The ideological inspirer of the Cyril-Methodians was the brilliant poet T. Shevchenko, who then worked as a drawing teacher at the university painting school, while simultaneously holding a position in the university Archaeographic Commission (a temporary commission for considering ancient acts).

T.G. Shevchenko. Self-portrait. 1845

2. Kyiv University in the second half of the 19th century.

Revitalization of scientific and pedagogical activities at Kiev University in the second half of the 19th century. associated with the liberal reforms of the 1860s. and the introduction in 1863 of a new university charter. At this time, the autonomous rights of the educational institution were expanded, 15 new departments were opened (the number of which increased from 37 to 52), and the number of teachers and students also increased. 90 new teachers were invited from Russian and European universities to work in Kyiv, and talented students began to remain in departments to carry out scientific and pedagogical activities.

Kyiv University at the end of the 19th century. is a powerful training and educational center of pan-European significance. Number of students in 1830-1840s was 500 people (mostly Poles), in 1883 there were 1,700 students (mostly Ukrainians and Russians) studying at the university, and already in 1913 their number increased to 5,000. Scientific and teaching work was carried out by 160 professors and associate professors. The university had 45 educational and support institutions: 2 libraries (scientific and student), 2 observatories (astronomical and meteorological), a botanical garden, 4 faculty clinics, 3 hospital and 2 clinical departments at the city hospital, an anatomical theater and 9 laboratories.

The building of the anatomical theater. Photo from the end of the 19th century.

Teachers and students of the university were organizers and active participants in a number of world-famous scientific societies: naturalists, surgical, physico-mathematical, chemical, historical named after Nestor the Chronicler.

The scientific activities of university professors were carried out in close contact with foreign scientific centers and outstanding scientists of the world. Foreign scientific trips, publication of works in foreign journals, etc. were widely practiced. One of the forms of supporting cultural ties was the election of outstanding scientists and cultural figures as honorary doctors of the university. In particular, these are physician Max Pettenkofer, historian Leopold von Ranke, writer Ivan Turgenev, chemist Dmitry Mendeleev, microbiologist Ilya Mechnikov and others.

3. Kyiv University in the period 1900-1917.

Beginning of the 20th century in the history of the university was marked by the fact that the Ukrainian intelligentsia raised the problem of the Ukrainization of higher education in the region. On April 20, 1906, representatives of the Ukrainian society of Chernigov (D. Yavorsky, M. Kotsyubinsky, M. Fedchenko, L. Shramchenko, etc.) raised the question of opening departments at the Kiev University: “Ukrainian language, literature, history, ethnography and rights of customs, with statements of these subjects in the Ukrainian language.” On May 22, 1906, professors V. Peretz and G. Pavlutsky signed a presentation to the dean’s office of the Faculty of History and Philology, in which they substantiated the need to open Ukrainian studies departments.

Ukrainian public and cultural figures came out in support of them at Kiev University: Ivan Lipa, Simon Petlyura, Dmitry Doroshenko, Boris Grinchenko, Alexander Lototsky, Mikhail Grushevsky, Sergey Efremov and others. On November 27, 1906, Ukrainian students submitted a statement to the Academic Council of the university with a request to open Ukrainian studies departments.

1,430 students signed the statement. However, this idea was sharply opposed by the rector of the university N. Tsitovich, the reactionary part of the professoriate and the leadership of the imperial Ministry of Public Education. In 1907, on their own initiative, professors A. Loboda and V. Peretz began teaching Ukrainian literature at the university, however, the “seditious experiment” was soon banned.

The First World War significantly disorganized the educational process. Many students ended up in the active army, the university’s medical clinics were transformed into military hospitals, and part of the laboratories were evacuated to Saratov due to the threat of occupation of Kyiv by German and Austrian troops. Only in the fall of 1916 did the university return to Kiev. The moves caused serious damage to the university's laboratories, offices and museum collections. In this state, Kiev University met the era of revolutions, which in Ukraine resulted in the struggle for cultural and national revival and the creation of its own independent state.

After the liquidation of the autocracy, the persistent demands of Ukrainian students and teachers related to the opening of Ukrainian studies departments and the introduction of teaching in the Ukrainian language forced the new government in Petrograd to make some concessions. On June 27, 1917, the Ministry of Public Education developed a regulation on the opening of four Ukrainian studies departments at the University of St. Vladimir: Ukrainian language, literature, history and the history of Western Russian law. On September 5, 1917, the Ministry sent a corresponding proposal to the Provisional Government. On September 19, 1917, a resolution was adopted on the creation of the above-mentioned departments at Kiev University. On September 30, 1917, the university leadership ordered preparatory work and a competition to fill positions for Ukrainian studies departments within three months. However, in January 1918, after three months, the political events that unfolded in Ukraine pushed academic problems into the background.

1. Kiev University during the Ukrainian Revolution (1917-1919)

With the creation of the Central Rada in Kyiv in March 1917, dozens of teachers and hundreds of university students actively participated in the struggle for the independence of Ukraine. The most heroic page of this struggle was the feat of Kyiv University students performed near Kruty. At the beginning of January 1918, in response to the call of the leaders of the Ukrainian People's Republic, over three hundred Kyiv students and gymnasium students united into a student kuren. The first hundred volunteers (130 people) under the command of student centurion Andrei Omelchenko died in heavy defensive battles, defending on January 29, 1918 an important railway junction - the Kruty station in the Chernihiv region - holding back the advance of the Bolshevik units on Kyiv.

During the period of the existence of the Ukrainian state of Hetman P. Skoropadsky, the University of St. Vladimir acquired the official status of the Russian university of Kyiv. Together with him, in July 1918, the Kiev Ukrainian State University was created.

2. Dissolution of the university into separate higher education institutions (1920-1933)

In February 1919, the Bolsheviks occupied Kyiv. St. Vladimir University and Kiev Ukrainian State University were merged into one institution - Kiev University - with the main task: training the Soviet intelligentsia. Since 1919, the People's Commissariat of Education began to operate on the territory of Soviet Ukraine, which was responsible for the development of school, secondary and higher education. All so-called “bourgeois relics” were abolished in universities, and they themselves lost all autonomy: university management (rectors, vice-rectors) was eliminated, the position of university commissioner was introduced in their place, in addition, all academic degrees and titles were abolished. The Soviet government aimed at completely subordinating universities to the tasks of the socialist revolution. However, even in such an extremely limited form, universities, in the opinion of the leaders of the People's Commissariat of Education of the Ukrainian SSR, did not have the right to exist. They were declared "bourgeois" centers that had no place in the new communist society.

As a result of these reforms, in 1920, Kiev University (together with other universities in Ukraine) was disbanded. A separate medical institute was organized on the basis of the medical faculty, and the law faculty was transferred to the Institute of National Economy. From the historical-philological, physical-mathematics-natural faculties of the university, the Kyiv Teachers' Institute and the Kyiv Higher Women's Courses, the Higher Institute of Public Education named after M. Dragomanova (since 1926 - Kiev Institute of Public Education). The number of Ukrainian students in this educational institution reached 65%.

As a result of a radical reform, higher education in the Ukrainian SSR began to differ significantly from higher education in Soviet Russia. In the RSFSR, universities, although they lost their importance, were not liquidated and operated in Moscow, Leningrad and other cities. Unification became one of the most important policies of the Soviet government in the educational sphere at the turn of the 1920s and 30s. It was necessary to rebuild the entire higher education system according to a single Russian model.

The lack of classical university education also led to a decrease in the number of scientific and teaching staff, the loss of university educational and scientific traditions and a drop in the overall level of higher education, because for the entire period after the closure of universities, no equivalent replacement was found. In general, the inability of the Soviet government to successfully organize the activities of higher educational institutions without relying on the experience of pre-revolutionary higher education became obvious.

Participants in the mathematical seminar of academician D.A. Grave. 1930

3. Resumption of Kyiv University and its pre-war activities (1933-1941)

In the fall of 1933, universities resumed their work in Ukraine, including Kiev State University. They were given the task of preparing postgraduate teachers for higher education, scientists for research institutes, factory scientific laboratories and experimental stations. These higher educational institutions were supposed to concentrate the training of scientific personnel for all the most important branches of science.

Students in a university dormitory. 1934

In 1934, the university celebrated its 100th anniversary. Its structure has already been restored, active scientific and pedagogical activities have begun. In 1935, the university began serial publication of Scientific Notes on the Natural Sciences and Humanities. New faculties were created - in 1938 there were already eight of them: physics and mathematics, history, philology, chemistry, geology and geography, biology, law and foreign languages. In March 1939, in honor of the 125th anniversary of the birth of Taras Shevchenko, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR named Kyiv State University after him. In the same year, the Kanevsky biogeographical reserve was transferred to the university, which became a scientific, experimental and educational base for natural faculties. The following year, a new academic building for the humanities faculties was erected (today it is the building of the Scientific Library named after M. Maksimovich).

Students of Kyiv State University. 1936

The university suffered a heavy blow from the mass repressions of teachers and students in the 1930s and 40s. Among the repressed teachers were scientists: N.F. Kravchuk, N.Yu. Mirza-Avakyants, N.A. Rusanovsky, K.T. Shteppa, N.I. Bezborodko, A.Yu. Krymsky and many others.

However, despite ideological restrictions and repression, on the eve of World War II, Kiev University was among the leading higher educational institutions of the USSR and ranked third among Soviet universities. 4 thousand students studied there, over 300 professors, associate professors, teachers worked at 52 departments, of which 8 academicians and 6 corresponding members of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 24 doctors, 65 candidates of sciences. In graduate school, the university trained young highly qualified specialists in 43 specialties.

With the outbreak of hostilities in the summer of 1941, Kiev University was evacuated. Most of the students went to the front, and a significant part of the teachers, together with colleagues from Kharkov State University, continued the educational process within the framework of the United Ukrainian State University in the Kazakh city of Kzyl-Orda. At the same time, attempts were made to organize the work of the university in Nazi-occupied Kyiv, however, the Nazis soon closed the university, many teachers were repressed, and students were sent to forced labor in Germany. During the battles for Kyiv in October-November 1943, the university suffered significant destruction and losses.

The main academic building was significantly damaged, the library, museum collections, and laboratories were looted. The cost of lost laboratory equipment alone reached a huge amount - 50 million rubles.

4. Kyiv University of the post-war period (1944-1991)

Despite the colossal losses, during the post-war decades, the main university in Ukraine managed not only to restore its lost potential, but also to significantly strengthen it. Immediately after the liberation of Kyiv, the revival of the university began. Students and teachers rebuilt the humanities and chemistry buildings on their own, and on January 15, 1944, classes began in the senior courses, and on February 1, in the first. In the summer of 1944, the Kiev group of the United Ukrainian State University, consisting of 146 students, 3 professors, 7 associate professors and 11 teachers, returned from Kzyl-Orda. In the new 1944-45 academic year, almost 1.5 thousand boys and girls were enrolled at the university, and a year later another 2 thousand students joined them. It was possible to resume the work of 80 departments, where 290 professors, associate professors and teachers worked. In 1946, the university had over 3,800 students, 357 professors and teachers.

At the end of the 1940s. The university reached its pre-war level in terms of volume of work. The development of the university was especially rapid in the 1950s. In 1958, Kiev State University already had 11 faculties and about 10 thousand students studied. During 1959-84. The university trained 70 thousand specialists for various sectors of the national economy, science, education and culture.

Over the years of the existence of Kyiv University, hundreds of outstanding scientists have worked there, among them:

• historians and philologists: M. Maksimovich, V. Etikh, F. Dombrovsky, I. Neikirch, M. Kostomarov, P. Pavlov, V. Antonovich, V. Ikonnikov, I. Luchitsky, M. Drahomanov, V. Peretz, M. Dovnar-Zapolsky, M. Dashkevich, A. Loboda, F. Volk, F. Fortinsky, Y. Kulakovsky, S. Efremov, A. Krymsky, A. Germaize, E. Tarle, N. Polonskaya-Vasilenko, A. Ogloblin;
• philosophers: O. Novitsky, A. Gilyarov, G. Chelpanov, V. Shinkaruk;
• lawyers: K. Nevolin, N. Ivanishev, M. Vladimirsky-Budanov, A. Kistyakovsky;
• economists: G. Sidorenko, N. Sieber, L. Yasnopolsky, P. Kovanko;
• mathematics and mechanics: I. Rachmaninov, M. Vashchenko-Zakharchenko, P. Romer, V. Ermakov, D. Grave, O. Schmidt, B. Bukreev, G. Pfeiffer, G. Suslov, P. Voronets, N. Bogolyubov;
• physicists: M. Avenarius, M. Schiller, I. Kosonogov;
• chemists: G. Fonberg, N. Bunge, S. Reformatsky, A. Babko, A. Golub, A. Pilipenko, A. Kipriyanov;
• geologists: K. Feofilaktov, V. Chirvinsky, N. Andrusov, P. Tutkovsky, V. Tarasenko;
• botany: V. Besser, E. Trautfetter, A. Rogovich, I. Shmalhausen, S. Navashin, K. Purievich, A. Fomin, I. Baranetsky, N. Kornyushenko, D. Zerov, A. Lipa;
• zoologists: K. Kessler, A. Kovalevsky, A. Severtsov, A. Korotnev, S. Kushakevich, L. Shelyuzhko, B. Mazurmovich;
• biochemist A. Palladin;
• physicians: V. Karavaev, A. Walter, V. Betz, N. Sklifosovsky, F. Yanovsky, V. Obraztsov, V. Chagovets, N. Strazhesko and other outstanding scientists.

III. Kyiv University in independent Ukraine

On April 21, 1994, by Decree of the President of Ukraine L. M. Kravchuk No. 176/94, Kyiv University was given the status of “national”, and on November 25, 1999, by the new Decree of the President of Ukraine L. D. Kuchma No. 1496/99, the autonomous status of the university was significantly expanded . May 5, 2008 By Decree of the President of Ukraine V.A. Yushchenko No. 412/2008 provides for the transformation of the university into the main educational and scientific center of Ukraine for the training of highly qualified scientific, pedagogical and scientific personnel. On July 29, 2009, by Resolution of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine No. 795, the university was granted the status of an autonomous research national higher education institution, and increased funding was provided for programs for the long-term development of the university.

The University trains specialists at the educational and qualification levels "Bachelor", "Specialist", "Master" and highly qualified personnel in postgraduate and doctoral studies. Training and retraining of specialists is carried out in 43 areas and 73 specialties. Over 25 thousand students master them. More than 1,600 graduate students and more than 100 doctoral students acquire higher qualifications at the university. The educational process is provided by 182 departments, over 75% of scientific and pedagogical workers have the scientific degree of Doctor and Candidate of Sciences; Over 52% of teachers have the academic title of professor and associate professor.

The university has 14 faculties (geography, geology, economics, history, cybernetics, mechanics and mathematics, preparatory science, sociology, radiophysics, psychology, physics, philosophy, chemistry, law), 7 educational institutes (Educational and Scientific Center "Institute of Biology", military, high technology, journalism, international relations, postgraduate education, philology).

Rector L.V. Gubersky with Honorary Doctors of Kyiv University. 2009

Kiev University maintains extensive international connections with universities around the world. The university has partnership agreements with 130 universities in 48 countries. About 100 foreign scientists and teachers from 20 countries of the world visit the university annually to conduct scientific work, participate in conferences, and give lectures. In 2010, 22 teachers from 15 countries worked permanently at the university. More than 900 teachers, researchers, and students annually go on business trips to 52-58 countries. Two-thirds of those sent abroad (570 people in 2010) traveled for scientific purposes (participation in conferences, internships, research).

Graduates of Kyiv University

There are a number of auxiliary institutions at Kiev University: Astronomical Observatory, Botanical Garden named after Academician O. Fomin, Scientific Library named after M. Maksimovich, Kanevsky Nature Reserve, Research Institute of Physiology, laboratories, publishing and printing center "Kiev University", Information and Computing center, Center for Ukrainian Studies, Geological and Zoological Museum, University History Museum, Interfaculty Linguistic Museum, etc.

Today Taras Shevchenko National University of Kiev is a classic research-type university, the main task of which is educational, scientific research and innovation activities.

KNU named after T. Shevchenko is the largest Ukrainian university. It was founded in Kyiv back in 1834 and was originally called the University of St. Vladimir.

It acquired its modern name already in Soviet times. It was named after the Ukrainian poet Taras Shevchenko, who worked here in the 40s of the 19th century on the archaeographic commission.

Brief information about the university

KNU named after T. Shevchenko is the most prestigious university in Ukraine, which annually produces highly qualified specialists in various industries. His students at one time included famous creative and scientific figures from Ukraine and the entire USSR.

Today, Kiev National University. T. Shevchenko (KNU) has a wide material and technical base, which includes modern equipment. Students have the opportunity to do internships at their own astronomical observatory, zoological and geological museum, Botanical Garden and industry research institutes.

At this time, KNU named after. T. G. Shevchenko teaches more than 25 thousand students from Ukraine and other countries. It has 14 faculties located in 8 institutes. More than 2 thousand qualified teachers are employees of the university. In addition, KNU named after. T. Shevchenko practices close cooperation with universities and scientific institutes abroad.

and opportunities for students

KNU named after T. G. Shevchenko offers applicants training on both a budgetary and paid basis. There are postgraduate, master's and postgraduate education opportunities. It works for young men and visitors have the opportunity to live in a dormitory. The buildings are located in different parts of Kyiv, but the central “red” one is located in the heart of the city on Vladimirskaya Street.

University students can choose full-time, part-time or external study in order to acquire a bachelor's, specialist's or master's qualification.

In addition, for schoolchildren, applicants who were unable to enroll the first time, and others, preparatory courses are offered at the university. They can be visited during the day, in the evenings or on weekends. Those interested can also enroll in foreign language courses, which will help them enroll in a particular department of the university.

You need to carefully approach the choice of faculty and inquire about reviews. Find groups on social networks or chat with those who are already studying there. After all, about the different faculties and teachers of KNU. T. Shevchenko's reviews will be completely different.

For applicants

If you want to submit documents for admission to KNU. T. Shevchenko should prepare the following package of documents:

• statement to the rector;
• certificate issued by the center for assessing the quality of education in the required disciplines;
• medical certificate according to the form;
• photos (6 pieces 3 by 4);
• passport;
• military ID.

Acceptance of documents for those wishing to enroll in full-time education is carried out in the summer, in July. At the same time, a creative competition is held, based on the results of which those who receive the right to study at the university are determined.

KNU named after T. G. Shevchenko has almost 50 directions and more than 80 different specialties. Therefore, it will not be difficult for an applicant to choose the most suitable one for himself.

University structure

What are they at KNU named after. T. Shevchenko faculties and institutes? What specialties can students obtain?

Thus, the educational and scientific center for biology trains specialized specialists - ecologists, biotechnologists, and teaches gardening and laboratory activities.

The Institute of Geology will help students master geographic information technologies and systems. The Faculty of Economics trains future specialists in the theory and practice of this area. Future journalists, advertisers, television and media workers receive their education at the institute of the same name.

The Faculty of Geography trains future specialists in tourism, hydrology, geodesy and meteorology.

The Institute of Philology is graduated by specialists in Ukrainian and other languages ​​of various groups, as well as translators and folklorists. Also for humanities students there is a history department, which educates future ethnographers, archaeologists and other specialists in this field.

IPO KNU im. T. Shevchenko, where anyone, regardless of age and level of education, can gain new knowledge and a diploma in an additional profession.

Technical and other specialties

At KNU named after. T. G. Shevchenko has many faculties and areas of technical focus:

• Institute of High Technologies;
• Faculty of Cybernetics;
• mechanics and mathematics;
• radiophysics, electronics and computers;
• information Technology;
• chemistry.

Of course, we have not presented the entire list of university departments; we will consider some of them in more detail.

In addition, the largest university in Ukraine trains sociologists, psychologists, lawyers, philosophers and other specialists.

Institute of International Relations

This division of the T. Shevchenko University deserves special attention. As in other universities of a similar focus located outside of Ukraine, the students here are mainly the children of diplomats and other wealthy people who are confident that the children will work in the international field.

Reviews about admission to this department are varied, many assure that it is quite possible to enroll in a full-time free department even in the absence of rich parents, while others write that a “mere mortal” does not even need to submit documents here in order not to be disappointed.

One way or another, the Institute of International Relations of KNU named after. T. Shevchenko belongs to its most elite units. Students can receive such specialties as:

• right;
• economic relations between countries;
• business;
• regional studies and much more.

Cooperation with foreign partners

The Institute is a modern scientific and educational center, which includes 11 departments and a separate department of foreign languages. Quite often, international and Ukrainian conferences, round tables and seminars are held within its walls on cooperation with partners from different countries in many areas of activity.

The management of the educational institution practices organizing meetings between students and distinguished foreign guests: politicians, ambassadors and creative figures. Contacts with other universities both from Ukraine and those located beyond its borders are constantly expanding and strengthening.

There are agreements between KNU named after. T. G. Shevchenko and other institutions of both educational and scientific orientation. Within their framework, the Institute of International Relations cooperates with institutions from Russia, the USA, China, France, Great Britain, Japan, Korea, Canada, Spain, Greece and other countries.

The institute has its own publishing house of monographs and collections, and there are scientific councils that help students defend their doctoral and candidate works.

For the military

For those who want to master “male” professions, the university also has a separate department. This is the Military Institute of KNU named after T. Shevchenko. He regularly recruits cadets to train in military specialties.

During their studies, everyone is provided with housing, special uniforms and nutritious meals. All cadets have the right to financial state support, and those who have distinguished themselves apply for an increased scholarship.

On the university website you can find out all the information regarding the conditions for admission. Its main advantage is that it is the only educational institution on the territory of Ukraine that professionally trains specialists for all existing structures in the country in this area, in particular, the Security Service of Ukraine, foreign intelligence, the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the Ministry of Emergency Situations and others.

Receiving secondary specialized education

On the basis of grades 9 and 11, the College of Geological Exploration Technologies of KNU named after KNU accepts those wishing to receive a qualified working education. T. Shevchenko. It has quite a rich history.

The institution was created back in 1930 as the Kiev Geological Exploration College and trained specialists in the relevant professions.

Today, its students can study in the following areas:

• mining;
• mining;
• mechanical engineering;
• administration and management;
• design and culture;
• biotechnology;
• natural Sciences;
• communications and radio engineering;
• finance and economics.

As you can see, over the years of the institution’s existence, it has ceased to be narrowly specialized and trains exclusively geologists and professionals in related fields.

Graduates work far beyond the borders of Ukraine and the former USSR. Even in Soviet times, the technical school actively trained specialists for the countries of Asia, Latin America and Africa.

Infrastructure of the establishment

At the present time, the reorganized college is a key institution that shapes industry regulations for education in the field of geology and ecology in Ukraine. 14 cyclical structures carry out the development of university specialties.

Currently, the college is the main one in the formation of industry regulations for higher education in environmental and geological specialization.

On the territory of Ukraine, the College of Geological Exploration Technologies is the only educational institution where junior specialists in relevant fields are trained. It has its own buildings, sports facilities, a canteen, dormitories, workshops, training grounds, a museum, and a library. There is also a modern laboratory, which is equipped with modern working equipment.

The management will not stop there. The college infrastructure is constantly growing and replenished with new facilities, innovative teaching technologies are being introduced, and educational processes are being automated.

For schoolchildren

Physics and Mathematics Lyceum of KNU named after. T. Shevchenko belongs to the most prestigious secondary educational institutions in Kyiv. It is specialized and has a boarding form of stay.

Children at the lyceum actively study such specialized disciplines as:

• mathematics;
• physics;
• chemistry;
• Informatics.

In addition, much attention is paid to the study of astronomy. According to the ratings of the results of general independent assessment, the lyceum is among the TOP not only of the best schools in Kyiv, but also in Ukraine as a whole.

Features of training

And the lyceum accepts children from 8th to 11th grade. They attend school six times a week, with the number of lessons per day ranging from 5 to 7. The main language of instruction is Ukrainian, the secondary language is English.

Education at the Lyceum is free of charge. The only exceptions are charitable contributions and expenses for the class fund and the institution as a whole.

Core subjects (mathematics, physics and others mentioned earlier) are studied according to an in-depth program, which is approved by the relevant ministry. The rest of the basic school subjects are taught as in regular schools.

The following amount of time is allocated to key disciplines per week:

• physics - 5-6 hours;
• mathematics - 7-8;
• computer science - from 2 to 4 hours;
• chemistry - 2 or 3 hours depending on the direction of the class.

Regardless of the main focus of study chosen by the child and his parents, everyone will equally study additional subjects such as physical practical training (up to 2 hours per week and information technology (to the same extent).