Amendments are being made to Instruction No. 157n (O. Zabolonkova)

Article posted date: 06/13/2015

The Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated August 29, 2014 N 89n “On amendments to the order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2010 N 157n” “On approval of the Unified Chart of Accounts for public authorities (state bodies), bodies” is being registered with the Ministry of Justice. local self-government, management bodies of state extra-budgetary funds, state academies of sciences, state (municipal) institutions and the Instructions for its application" (hereinafter - Order No. 89n, Instruction No. 157n). Let's consider the main provisions of this document.

Changes in the Unified Chart of Accounts

Let us recall that Appendix 1 to Instruction No. 157n contains the Unified Chart of Accounts. The following amendments have been made to it:

- account names have been changed:

Account number	Old name	New name
	Cash in the institution's accounts with a credit institution	Funds of the institution in a credit institution
	Calculations for property damage	Calculations for damage and other income
	Calculations for other property	Calculations for other income
	Accepted obligations	Liabilities

- account excluded:

- new accounts have been introduced:

Account number	Name
Balance accounts
	Calculations for unidentified receipts
	Cost compensation calculations
	Calculations of forced seizure amounts
	Calculations for other income
	VAT calculations on advances received
	VAT calculations on purchased material assets, works, services
	Reserves for future expenses (by type of expense)
	Authorization for other subsequent years (outside the planning period)
	Obligations accepted
	Deferred liabilities
Off-balance sheet accounts
	Material assets issued for personal use to employees (employees)
	Calculations for the fulfillment of monetary obligations through third parties

Changes in general accounting provisions

Requirements for accounting documents. Clause 3 of Instruction No. 157n lists the requirements for accounting. By Order No. 89n they are expanded by the following provisions:

Primary accounting documents received as a result of internal control of completed facts of economic life for registration of the data contained in them in accounting registers are accepted for accounting, on the assumption of proper preparation of primary accounting documents on completed facts of economic life by the persons responsible for their registration;

Accounting data and the reporting of accounting entities generated on their basis are formed taking into account the materiality of the facts of economic life that have had or may have an impact on the financial condition, cash flow or results of operations of the institution and took place in the period between the reporting date and the date of signing the accounting (financial) ) reporting for the reporting year (hereinafter referred to as the event after the reporting date).

Based on clause 9 of Instruction No. 157n (new edition), timely and high-quality execution of primary accounting documents, their transfer within the established time frame for reflection in accounting, as well as the reliability of the data contained in them are ensured by persons those responsible for registration of the fact of economic life and (or) those who signed these documents. Order No. 89n introduced an addition to this paragraph, according to which the person entrusted with maintaining accounting records and the person with whom an agreement for the provision of services (agreement on the transfer of powers) for maintaining accounting (budget) records was concluded are not responsible for the compliance of the drawn up other persons of primary accounting documents to accomplished facts of economic life.

The requirements for the forms of accounting registers have been supplemented with new provisions. In particular, it is established that registers, the forms of which are not unified, are established by the accounting entity as part of the formation of its accounting policies and must contain the following mandatory details:

Register name;

Name of the accounting entity that compiled the register;

The start date and end date of maintaining the register and (or) the period for which the register was compiled;

Chronological and (or) systematic grouping of accounting objects;

The amount of monetary and (or) natural measurement of accounting objects, indicating the unit of measurement;

Names of positions of persons responsible for maintaining the register;

Signatures of the persons responsible for maintaining the register, indicating their last names and initials or other details necessary to identify these persons.

In addition, a provision has been introduced clarifying that corrections are reflected in the electronic accounting register by persons responsible for maintaining the register in the manner prescribed by clause 18 of Instruction No. 157n, with records confirmed by certificates.

Automation of accounting. The following requirements are imposed on the automation of accounting, taking into account the changes made by Order No. 89n to clause 19 of Instruction No. 157n.

With comprehensive automation of accounting, information about accounting objects is generated in the databases of the software package used. The formation of accounting registers is carried out in the form of an electronic register, and in the absence of technical capabilities - on paper.

Accounting registers on paper, if there is no possibility of storing them in the form of electronic documents signed with an electronic signature, and (or) the need to ensure their storage on paper, are formed at the frequency established as part of the formation of accounting policies by the subject of accounting, but not less frequently than the frequency established for the preparation and presentation by the accounting entity of accounting (financial) statements generated on the basis of data from the relevant accounting registers.

As before, when transferring accounting registers to paper (generating machine diagrams of accounting registers), it is allowed to differ between the output form of the document (machine diagram) and the approved form of the document, provided that the details and indicators of the output form of the document (machine diagram) contain the mandatory details and indicators of the corresponding accounting registers.

Inventory. It is important to note the following point. According to the amendments made to clause 20 of Instruction No. 157n, the inventory of property, financial assets and liabilities is carried out by the accounting entity in the manner established by him as part of the formation of accounting policies taking into account the provisions of the legislation of the Russian Federation. Previously, it was necessary to conduct an inventory in accordance with the requirements of the Ministry of Finance.

Changes in accounting for non-financial assets

Fixed assets. Let us recall: clause 27 of Instruction No. 157n establishes that the book value of non-financial assets is their original cost, taking into account its changes.

Order No. 89n introduced an addition, according to which the result of repair work on an object of fixed assets that does not change its value (including the replacement of elements in a complex object of fixed assets (in a complex of structurally articulated objects that constitute a single whole)) is subject to reflection in the accounting register - inventory card of the corresponding fixed asset object - by making entries about the changes made without being reflected in the accounting accounts.

In addition, the features of accounting for fixed assets under conservation are explained. In particular, clause 38 of Instruction No. 157n as amended by Order No. 89n establishes that the mothballing of a fixed asset object for a period of more than three months (re-mothballing) is formalized by a primary accounting document - an act on conservation (re-mothballing) of fixed assets, containing information about the accounting object ( name, inventory number of the object, its original (book) value, amount of accrued depreciation), as well as information about the reasons for conservation and the period of conservation.

An object of fixed assets that is under conservation continues to be listed on the corresponding balance sheet accounts of the working chart of accounts of the institution as an object of fixed assets.

Reflection of conservation (re-preservation) of an object of fixed assets for a period of more than three months is reflected by making a record of conservation (re-preservation) of the object in the inventory card of the accounting object, without reflecting account 0 101 00 000 “Fixed assets” in the corresponding analytical accounts.

Clause 45 of Instruction No. 157n provides a definition of the unit of accounting for a fixed asset - an inventory item.

The provisions of Order No. 89n further clarify that:

Separate premises of buildings that have different functional purposes, and are also independent objects of property rights, are accounted for as independent inventory objects of fixed assets;

The road environment (technical means of organizing traffic, including road signs, fencing, markings, guide devices, traffic lights, automated traffic control systems, lighting networks, landscaping and small architectural forms) is taken into account as part of the road, unless otherwise established by the procedure for maintaining the register property of the relevant public legal entity;

In cases provided for by the accounting policies of accounting entities, aircraft engines are accounted for as independent inventory items of fixed assets.

Land is a non-produced asset. According to paragraphs 23, 71 of Instruction No. 157n (as amended by Order No. 89n), land plots used by institutions on the right of permanent (perpetual) use (including those located under real estate) must be accounted for as part of non-financial assets on the balance sheet account 103 00 “Non-produced assets” on the basis of a document (certificate) confirming the right to use the land plot. Land plots are accounted for at their cadastral value (the value specified in the document for the right to use a land plot located outside the territory of the Russian Federation).

Let us recall that currently Instruction No. 157n requires such land plots to be accounted for in off-balance sheet account 01 “Property received for use.” Therefore, they now need to be transferred from this account to the balance sheet account.

Changes in accounting for financial assets

The institution's funds are on the way. By virtue of clause 162 of Instruction No. 157n (as amended by Order No. 89n), account 201 03 is intended to account for operations on the movement of funds of the institution in the currency of the Russian Federation and in foreign currency in transit. For accounting purposes and Instruction No. 157n, funds in transit are funds transferred to an institution, credited on more than one business day, as well as funds transferred from one account of an institution to another account, including when carrying out transactions using (debit) bank cards, provided that funds are transferred (credited) on more than one business day.

As you can see, the new edition of this paragraph is due to the use of bank cards by institutions in financial activities.

Calculations with accountable persons. The changes affected accountable amounts issued in foreign currency. Paragraph 215 of Instruction No. 157n establishes that the accounting of debts of accountable persons for advances issued in foreign currencies is simultaneously carried out in the corresponding foreign currency and in the ruble equivalent on the date of issuance of funds for reporting.

Order No. 89n introduces the following additions to this paragraph. Revaluation of settlements for advances issued in foreign currencies is carried out on the date of operations to return previously made payments in the corresponding foreign currency.

Revaluation of debt under accepted obligations in foreign currencies is carried out on the date of transactions to pay the obligation in foreign currency and on the reporting date (on the date of formation of the accounting register).

In this case, positive (negative) exchange rate differences that arose when calculating the ruble equivalent are attributed to the increase (decrease) in settlements for accepted obligations in foreign currency, with exchange rate differences being attributed to the financial result of the current financial year from the revaluation of assets.

Calculations for damage and other income. Order No. 89n added that account 209 00 is used, among other things, to account for settlements for amounts of advance payments not returned by the counterparty in the event of termination of contracts (other agreements), in particular by court decision, for amounts of debt of accountable persons not returned in a timely manner (not withheld from wages), on the amounts of debt for unworked vacation days when an employee is dismissed before the end of the working year for which he has already received annual paid leave, on the amounts of excessive payments made, on the amounts of forced withdrawal, including compensation for damages in in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, in the event of insured events, as well as in the amount of damage caused as a result of the actions (inaction) of officials of the organization (clause 220 of Instruction No. 157n (as amended by Order No. 89n)).

In connection with the introduction of new analytical groups for account 209 00, paragraph 221 of Instruction No. 157n in the new edition provides the following explanations. Grouping of calculations for damage and other income is carried out by income groups and analytical groups of the synthetic account of the accounting object:

30 "Calculations for cost compensation";

40 “Calculations for forced seizure amounts”;

70 “Calculations for damage to non-financial assets”;

80 "Calculations for other income."

It is clarified that the accounts for settlements of damage and other income take into account:

Calculations of the amounts owed by former employees to the institution for unworked vacation days upon their dismissal before the end of the working year for which they have already received annual paid leave;

Calculations for the amounts of advance payments subject to reimbursement by counterparties in the event of termination, including by a court decision, of state (municipal) agreements (contracts), other agreements (agreements) under which payments were previously made by the institution;

Calculations of amounts owed by accountable persons that were not returned in a timely manner (not withheld from wages), including in the event of a challenge to the deductions;

Calculations of the amount of damage subject to compensation by a court decision in the form of compensation for expenses associated with legal proceedings (payment of legal costs);

Calculations for other damages, as well as other income arising in the course of the economic activities of the institution, not reflected in accounts 205 00 “Calculations for income”.

Note! Order No. 89n introduced a new definition of the amount of damage. In particular, it has been established that when determining the amount of damage caused by shortages and thefts, one should proceed from the current replacement cost(previously - market) material assets on the day the damage was discovered. Under current replacement cost refers to the amount of money that necessary for recovery specified assets.

Calculations for tax deductions for VAT. As already mentioned at the beginning of the article, Order No. 89 introduced a new account 210 10 “Calculations for tax deductions for VAT”. Grouping of calculations for it is carried out in the context of analytical groups of the synthetic account of the accounting object:

1 "Calculations for VAT on advances received";

2 "Calculations for VAT on purchased material assets, works, services."

Paragraph 224 of Instruction No. 157n (as amended) establishes that the account is intended to account for:

Calculations of value added tax amounts on received advance payments for the upcoming sale of non-financial assets (works, services) within the framework of the activities of the institution, subject to value added tax in the manner prescribed by the tax legislation of the Russian Federation;

Calculations for amounts of value added tax presented by suppliers (contractors) for supplied non-financial assets, work performed, services rendered, accrued and paid by the institution as a tax agent in cases provided for by the tax legislation of the Russian Federation.

Changes in accounting for off-balance sheet accounts

Account 02 "Material assets accepted for storage." Order No. 89n, paragraph 335 of Instruction No. 157n is supplemented by a rule according to which this account also records property in respect of which a decision has been made to write off (cessation of operation), including due to physical or moral wear and tear and the impossibility (inexpediency) of it further use until its dismantling (disposal, destruction).

Account 03 "Strict reporting forms". In accordance with the amendments made to paragraph 337 of Instruction No. 157n, the list of forms classified as strict reporting forms can be established by the institution as part of the formation of accounting policies.

Account 04 "Debt of insolvent debtors". Write-off of debt from off-balance sheet accounting is carried out on the basis of a decision of the institution’s commission on the receipt and disposal of assets in the presence of documents confirming the termination of the obligation by the death (liquidation) of the debtor, as well as upon expiration of the period for the possible resumption of the debt collection procedure in accordance with the current legislation of the Russian Federation (clause 339 of Instructions No. 157n (new edition)).

Account 09 "Spare parts for vehicles issued to replace worn-out ones." When a vehicle is disposed of, spare parts installed on it and accounted for in an off-balance sheet account are written off from off-balance sheet accounting (clause 349 of Instruction No. 157n (as amended)).

Account 27 "Material assets issued for personal use to employees (employees)." The account was introduced by Order No. 89n. It is intended to account for property issued by an institution for personal use to employees for the performance of their official (official) duties, in order to ensure control over its safety, intended use and movement (clause 385 of Instruction No. 157n).

Acceptance of property items for accounting is carried out on the basis of the primary accounting document at book value.

The disposal of property items from off-balance sheet accounting is carried out on the basis of the primary accounting document at the cost at which the objects were previously accepted for off-balance sheet accounting.

Analytical accounting of the account is carried out in a card of quantitative and total accounting of material assets in the context of users of the property, its location, by type of property, its quantity and value.

Account 30 "Settlements for the fulfillment of monetary obligations through third parties." Another new off-balance sheet account is intended for accounting for settlements for the fulfillment of monetary obligations through third parties (when paying pensions, benefits through branches of the Russian Post, paying agents) (clause 387 of Instruction No. 157n).

Analytical accounting for this account is maintained in a multi-graph card and (or) in a card for accounting for funds and settlements in the context of monetary obligations by type of payment of budget funds or other types of payments.

Paragraph 2 of Order No. 89n establishes that this Order is applied when forming indicators of accounting objects on the last day of the reporting period of 2014, unless otherwise provided by the accounting policy of the institution. The transition to the application of accounting policies, taking into account the provisions of the new Order regarding the work plan of institutions, is carried out according to the organizational and technical readiness of accounting entities.

In connection with the entry into force of a number of federal standards in 2018, there was a need to adjust the Unified Chart of Accounts and the Instructions for its application (hereinafter referred to as Instruction No. 157n). On April 26, 2018, registered with the Ministry of Justice Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No.64n, which makes changes to the specified document.

Unified chart of accounts.

New accounts.

First of all, we list the new accounts introduced into the Unified Chart of Accounts.

Account number	Account name
	Non-produced assets – other movable property
	Non-produced assets - as part of the grantor's property
	Depreciation of property in concession
	Amortization of intangible assets - especially valuable movable property of an institution
	Amortization of intangible assets - other movable property of the institution
	Depreciation of rights of use of non-produced assets
	Depreciation of treasury property in concession
	Investments in the grantor's property
	Other assets making up the treasury
	Non-financial assets constituting the concession treasury
	Real estate of the grantor constituting the treasury
	The grantor's movable property constituting the treasury
	Non-produced assets (land) of the grantor that constitute the treasury
11100	Rights to use assets
	Rights to use non-financial assets
	Rights to use residential premises
	Rights to use non-residential premises (buildings and structures)
	Rights to use machinery and equipment
	Rights to use vehicles
	Rights to use industrial and household equipment
	Rights to use biological resources
	Rights to use other fixed assets
	Rights to use non-produced assets
11400	Impairment of non-financial assets
	Depreciation of the institution's real estate
	Depreciation of particularly valuable movable property of an institution
	Depreciation of other movable property of the institution
	Impairment of rights to use assets
	Depreciation of residential premises
	Depreciation of non-residential premises (buildings and structures)
	Impairment of investment property
	Impairment of machinery and equipment
	Vehicle depreciation
	Impairment of industrial and business equipment
	Depreciation of biological resources
	Impairment of other fixed assets
	Impairment of intangible assets
	Impairment of non-produced assets
	Depreciation of land
	Depreciation of subsoil resources
	Impairment of other non-produced assets
	Calculations for income from finance leases
	Calculations of income from payments for the use of natural resources
	Calculations of income from interest on deposits, cash balances
	Calculations of interest income on other financial instruments
	Calculations of income from dividends from objects
	Calculations of income from granting non-exclusive rights to the results of intellectual activity
	Calculations for other income from property
	Calculations of income from the provision of services (work) under the compulsory health insurance program
	Calculations of income from fees for providing information from government sources (registers)
	Calculations for contingent lease payments
	Calculations for subsidies for other purposes
	Calculations for subsidies for capital investments
	Payments for insurance advances
	Calculations for advances for services and work for capital investment purposes
	Calculations for advance payments for rent for the use of land plots and other isolated natural objects
	Settlements with accountable persons for insurance payment
	Settlements with accountable persons for payment for services and work for capital investment purposes
	Settlements with accountable persons for payment of rent for the use of land plots and other isolated natural objects
	Settlements with accountable persons for payment of fines for violation of procurement legislation and violation of the terms of contracts (agreements)
	Settlements with accountable persons for payment of penalties on debt obligations
	Settlements with accountable persons for payment of other economic sanctions
	Settlements with accountable persons for payment of other expenses
	Calculations of income from cost compensation
	Calculations of budget revenues from the return of receivables from previous years
	Calculations of income from penalties for violation of the terms of contracts (agreements)
	Calculations of income from insurance claims
	Calculations of income from compensation for property damage (except for insurance compensation)
	Calculations of income from other amounts of forced seizure
	Settlements with the financial authority to clarify unknown revenues to the budget of the year preceding the reporting year
	Settlements with the financial authority to clarify unclear revenues to the budget of previous years
	Insurance calculations
	Calculations for services and work for capital investment purposes
	Calculations of rent for the use of land plots and other isolated natural objects
	Settlements for other economic sanctions
	Calculations for other expenses
	Consolidated calculations of the year preceding the reporting year
	Consolidated calculations of other previous years
	Other calculations for the year preceding the reporting year
	Other calculations from previous years
	Income of the financial year preceding the reporting year
	Income from previous financial years
	Expenses of the financial year preceding the reporting year
	Expenses from previous financial years

227 “Insurance”;

228 “Services, work for the purposes of capital investments”;

229 “Rent for the use of land plots and other isolated natural objects.”

Excluded accounts.

Some accounts were excluded from the Unified Chart of Accounts:

10240 “Intangible assets – leased items”;

10540 “Material – leased items”;

10740 “Leased items in transit”;

10990 “Distribution costs”.

New edition of accounts.

Old edition	New edition
10140 “Fixed assets – leased items”	10190 “Fixed assets – property in concession”
10102 “Non-residential premises”	10102 “Non-residential premises (buildings and structures)”
10103 "Structures"	10103 "Investment property"
10106 “Industrial and household equipment”	10106 “Industrial and household inventory”
10107 "Library fund"	10107 "Biological resources"
10440 “Depreciation of leased items”	10440 “Depreciation of rights to use assets”
10402 “Depreciation of non-residential premises”	10402 “Depreciation of non-residential premises (buildings and structures)”
10403 “Depreciation of structures”	10403 “Depreciation of investment property”
10406 ​​“Depreciation of production and household equipment”	10406 ​​“Depreciation of industrial and household equipment”
10407 “Depreciation of the library fund”	10407 “Depreciation of biological resources”
10458 “Depreciation of movable property as part of treasury property”	10452 “Depreciation of movable property as part of treasury property”
10459 “Amortization of intangible assets as part of treasury property”	10454 “Amortization of intangible assets as part of treasury property”
10610 “Investments in real estate of an institution”	10610 “Investments in real estate”
10620 “Investments in particularly valuable movable property of the institution”	10620 “Investments in particularly valuable movable property”
10630 “Investments in other movable property of the institution”	10630 “Investments in other movable property”
10640 “Investments in leased items”	10640 “Investments in financial lease objects”
10853 "Precious metals and precious stones"	10853 “Values ​​of Russian state funds”
20530 “Calculations for income from the provision of paid work and services”	20530 “Calculations of income from the provision of paid services (work), compensation of costs”
20540 “Calculations for forced seizure amounts”	20540 “Calculations for the amounts of fines, penalties, penalties, damages”
20550 “Calculations based on budget revenues”	20550 “Calculations for gratuitous receipts from budgets”
20521 “Settlements with tax payers”	20521 “Calculations for income from operating leases”
20531 “Settlements with payers of income from the provision of paid work and services”	20531 “Calculations for income from the provision of paid services (work)”
20541 “Settlements with payers of forced withdrawal amounts”	20541 “Calculations of income from penalties for violation of procurement legislation”
20581 “Settlements with payers of other income”	20581 “Calculations for uncleared receipts”
20589 “Calculations for uncleared receipts”	20589 “Calculations for other income”
20640 “Calculations for advance gratuitous transfers to organizations”	20640 “Calculations for gratuitous transfers to organizations”
20650 “Calculations for advance gratuitous transfers to budgets”	20650 “Calculations for gratuitous transfers to budgets”
20641 “Calculations for advance gratuitous transfers to state and municipal organizations”	20641 “Calculations for gratuitous transfers to state and municipal organizations”
20642 “Calculations for advance gratuitous transfers to organizations, with the exception of state and municipal organizations”	20642 “Settlements for gratuitous transfers to organizations, with the exception of state and municipal organizations”
20651 “Calculations for advance transfers to other budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation”	20651 “Calculations for transfers to other budgets of the budget system of the Russian Federation”
20691 “Calculations for advances for payment of other expenses”	20996 “Calculations for advances for payment of other expenses”
20891 “Settlements with accountable persons for payment of other expenses”	20891 “Settlements with accountable persons for payment of duties and fees”
20940 “Calculations for forced seizure amounts”	20940 “Calculations for fines, penalties, penalties, damages”
20983 “Calculations for other income”	20989 “Calculations for other income”
30291 “Calculations for other expenses”	30293 “Calculations of fines for violation of procurement legislation and violation of the terms of contracts (agreements)”

Instruction No. 157n.

General provisions.

The provisions of Instruction No. 157n on budget accounting must be applied simultaneously with the standards established by the Conceptual Framework Standard. Definitions of terms used in Instruction No. 157n on budget accounting must be used in the meanings given in federal standards.

Clarifications have been introduced into paragraph 3 of Instruction No. 157n, according to which:

• accounting for off-balance sheet accounts included in the working chart of accounts of the institution is carried out according to a simple system of accounting records (paragraph 2, paragraph 3 in the new edition). Previously, this rule was spelled out in paragraph 332 of Instruction No. 157n, thus, this rule was moved from one point to another;
• as before, when maintaining accounting records, the institution ensures priority recognition of expenses and liabilities in accounting over the recognition of possible income and assets, but it is necessary to reflect these accounting objects according to the most conservative estimates - without overstating assets and (or) income and without understating liabilities and (or ) expenses (principle of prudence) (paragraph 14 clause 3 in the new edition). Thus, the specifics of applying the principle of prudence have been clarified.

Let us remind you that clause 4 of Instruction No.157n contained requirements for the generation and provision of information when maintaining accounting records necessary for internal and external users of financial statements for them to exercise powers of internal and external financial control. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No.64n, these requirements have been abolished, and similar standards are prescribed in clause 18 of the Conceptual Framework Standard. And point 4 of Instruction No.157n is stated in a new edition: the accounting of an institution is carried out by its structural unit, headed by the chief accountant or other official who is entrusted with accounting.

In addition to this point, in paragraph 5 of Instruction No.157n a new paragraph has been introduced with the following content: in the event that an institution transfers, on the basis of a contract (agreement), the powers to maintain accounting records to a centralized accounting department, the institution’s accounting records are carried out by a structural unit of the centralized accounting department or its official, who is entrusted with the implementation of the transferred powers.

Document flow rules.

Clause 6 of Instruction No. 157n contains a list of documents that an institution has the right to approve as part of its accounting policy. In general, it remained the same; Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 64n added a provision according to which the institution, within the framework of its accounting policy, approves the rules of document flow and technology for processing accounting information, including the procedure and timing for the transfer of primary (consolidated) accounting documents for reflection in accounting in accordance with the approved document flow schedule and (or) the procedure for interaction between structural units and (or) persons responsible for processing facts of economic life, upon submission of primary accounting documents for accounting purposes.

Note:

The institution ensures the storage of accounting policy documents and other documents related to the organization and maintenance of accounting for at least five years after the year in which they were used for accounting and (or) for the preparation of accounting (financial) statements for the last time (para. 12 p. 6 Instructions No.157n in the new edition).

Primary accounting documents.

In paragraphs 7 – 9 of Instruction No.157n contained requirements for the design, generation and recording of primary accounting documents. By Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No.64n, these paragraphs were declared invalid, since the procedure for working with primary accounting documents is regulated by paragraphs 20 - 28 of Part II of the Conceptual Framework Standard.

Accounting registers.

Points 10 – 11 Instructions No.157n are set out in a new edition and contain the following provisions on the use of accounting registers:

1) systematization, generalization and (or) grouping and accumulation of information contained in the primary (consolidated) accounting documents accepted for accounting are carried out in accounting registers (clause 10 in the new edition);

2) accounting registers are compiled according to unified forms established within the framework of budget legislation (clause 11 in the new edition).

The requirements for mandatory details of accounting registers and the rules for their maintenance were not included in the new edition of these paragraphs (they are given in Article 10 of Law No.402 - Federal Law), lists of accounting registers (contained in Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No. 52n).

Storage of accounting documents.

Provisions on storage of primary (consolidated) accounting documents, accounting registers and accounting (financial) statements in clause 14 of Instruction No.157n are presented in a new way. In particular, according to Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No.64n storage of the specified documents, registers and reports is organized by the head of the institution and (or) the head of the centralized accounting department.

When there is a change in the head of the institution and (or) the chief accountant or other official entrusted with accounting, the transfer of the institution's accounting documents is ensured. The procedure for transferring documents is determined by the institution as part of the formation of its accounting policies or in the case of transfer of powers of accounting under a contract (agreement) of centralized accounting - such a contract (agreement) (clause 14 of Instruction No.157n in the new edition). In addition, the specifics of storing accounting documents are regulated in clauses 13, 32, 33 of the Conceptual Framework Standard.

Seizure of documents.

From paragraph 17 of Instruction No.157n removed the provision according to which, in the event of seizure of accounting registers, including in the form of an electronic document, copies of these registers, made in the manner established by the legislation of the Russian Federation, are included in the accounting documents.

A similar requirement is contained in clause 32 of the Conceptual Framework Standard and is applied when seizing not only accounting registers, but also primary (consolidated) accounting documents.

Inventory.

Clause 20 Instructions No.157n, which contains requirements for conducting an inventory of property, financial assets and liabilities, and other accounting items, including off-balance sheet accounts, was declared invalid. This is due to the fact that the basic requirements for the inventory of assets and liabilities are established in Section. VIII Standard “Conceptual Framework”, they are similar to those enshrined in paragraph 20. Thus, the legislator removed from Instruction No.157n repeating norm.

To ensure the reliability of accounting data and accounting (financial) statements, assets and liabilities are maintained.

During the inventory, the actual presence of assets and liabilities is revealed, which is compared with the data of the accounting registers (clause 79 of the Conceptual Framework Standard).

* * *

In conclusion, let us draw your attention to the following points:

1. Following federal accounting standards for public sector organizations, Instruction No.157n serves as a fundamental document for maintaining accounting records of institutions of all types. Therefore, changes are made primarily to this instruction. Currently, the following orders of the Ministry of Finance have been registered with the Ministry of Justice:

dated March 31, 2018 No. 65n “On amendments to the annexes to the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 6, 2010 No.162n “On approval of the Chart of Accounts for budget accounting and Ininstructions for its use" (registered on April 26, 2018 No. 50911);

dated March 31, 2018 No. 66n “On amendments to the annexes to the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 16, 2010 No.174n “On approval of the Chart of Accounts for accounting of budgetary institutions and Instructions for its application” (registered on April 26, 2018 No. 50908);

dated March 31, 2018 No. 67n “On amendments to the annexes to the Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 23, 2010 No.183n “On approval of the Chart of Accounts for accounting of autonomous institutions and Instructions for its application” (registered on April 27, 2018 No. 50923).

2. In Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation No.64n there are no provisions for its entry into force. Perhaps it will begin to take effect as a general rule 10 days after official publication, or the procedure for entry into force may be adopted by a letter or order of the Ministry of Finance.

3. The Unified Chart of Accounts has undergone significant changes: some accounts have been excluded, some are presented in a new edition, and new accounts have also been introduced. From the general provisions of Instruction No.157n excludes provisions that duplicate the norms of the Conceptual Framework Standard.

4. The article describes the changes made to the Unified Chart of Accounts and the general procedure for its application. In the following issues we will continue to consider other sections of Instruction No. 157n.

Order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 1, 2010 N 157n (as amended on December 28, 2018) “On approval of the Unified Chart of Accounts for public authorities (state bodies), local governments, government bodies...

MINISTRY OF FINANCE OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

ORDER

ON APPROVAL OF A UNIFIED CHART OF ACCOUNTS

FOR GOVERNMENT BODIES (STATE

BODIES), LOCAL GOVERNMENT BODIES, BODIES

MANAGEMENT OF STATE EXTRABUDGETARY FUNDS,

STATE ACADEMIES OF SCIENCES, STATE

(MUNICIPAL) INSTITUTIONS AND INSTRUCTIONS

ON ITS APPLICATION

Based on Article 165 of the Budget Code of the Russian Federation (Collected Legislation of the Russian Federation, 1998, No. 31, Art. 3823; 2005, No. 1, Art. 8; 2006, No. 1, Art. 8; 2007, No. 18, Art. 2117; N 45, Art. 5424), paragraphs 4 and Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of April 7, 2004 N 185 “Issues of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation” (Collection of Legislation of the Russian Federation, 2004, N 15, Art. 1478; N 49, Art. 4908; 2007, N 45, Art. 5491; 2008, N 5, Art. 411) and in order to establish a uniform procedure for maintaining accounting by state authorities (state bodies), local government bodies, governing bodies of state extra-budgetary funds, state academies of sciences. , state (municipal) institutions I order:

1. Approve the Unified Chart of Accounts for public authorities (state bodies), local governments, management bodies of state extra-budgetary funds, state academies of sciences, state (municipal) institutions in accordance with Appendix No. 1 to this Order.

2. Approve the Instructions for the application of the Unified Chart of Accounts for public authorities (state bodies), local governments, management bodies of state extra-budgetary funds, state academies of sciences, state (municipal) institutions in accordance with Appendix No. 2 to this Order.

3.1. This order applies to:

A) State Atomic Energy Corporation "Rosatom", State Corporation for Space Activities "Roscosmos" in terms of maintaining budgetary accounting of economic facts that arise in the exercise of powers of the main manager of budget funds, the recipient of budget funds, the chief administrator of budget revenues and the administrator of budget revenues, as well as when transferring, free of charge, on the basis of agreements, its powers as a state customer to conclude and execute government contracts on behalf of the Russian Federation, including within the framework of the state defense order, on behalf of these corporations when making budgetary investments in capital construction projects of state property of the Russian Federation (with the exception of powers related to the introduction into operation of state-owned objects of the Russian Federation in the prescribed manner) and for the acquisition of real estate objects into the state ownership of the Russian Federation by federal state unitary enterprises, in respect of which the specified corporations exercise on behalf of the Russian Federation the powers of the owner of the property, in compliance with budget legislation;

B) state (municipal) unitary enterprises in terms of maintaining budgetary accounting of the facts of economic life that arise during the exercise, on the basis of agreements, of the powers of the state (municipal) customer to conclude and execute on behalf of the corresponding public legal entity state (municipal) contracts on behalf of public authorities (state bodies), management bodies of state extra-budgetary funds, local governments that are state (municipal) customers, when making budget investments in state (municipal) property and receiving budget investments in capital construction projects of state (municipal) property and (or) for the acquisition of state (municipal) property in the manner established for recipients of budget funds.

(see text in the previous edition)

4. To recognize as invalid:

Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 148n “On approval of the Instructions for Budget Accounting” (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on February 12, 2009, registration number 13309; Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 2009, March 6);

Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated July 3, 2009 N 69n "On introducing amendments to the Instructions on budget accounting approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 148n" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on August 13, 2009 , registration number 14524; Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 2009, September 2);

Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2009 N 152n "On introducing amendments to the Instructions on budget accounting approved by Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 30, 2008 N 148n" (registered with the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation on February 4, 2010 , registration number 16247; Rossiyskaya Gazeta, 2010, February 19).

Not every accountant working in a commercial organization will be able to instantly switch to working in the budget accounting system. It is conducted according to rules that differ from those prescribed for commercial sector enterprises and non-profit organizations.

This difference is due to peculiarity of the legal status of such institutions. Their founders are either government bodies at any level, or municipal bodies, or ministries and departments at the federal level. These organizations are recipients of public funds distributed in the form of subsidies or budgeted financing, control over the expenditure of which is much stricter than in the private sector of the economy.

Therefore, the regulations governing this area differ from similar ones developed for entrepreneurship. There are no significant changes for 2019.

From a methodology point of view, the main difference between the two accounting systems is Chart of accounts. The second important difference between budget accounting and accounting after the names and numbering of accounts is procedure for generating and submitting reporting forms. It is provided not only to the tax authorities, but also to the founder of the organization.

The main documents regulating budget accounting are instructions issued by the Ministry of Finance, which also regulates accounting. They are both general and private in nature, relating to the activities of only one type of institution.

Budgetary institutions are divided into three main groups– budgetary, autonomous and state-owned.

Each group has its own chart of accounts, reflecting the differences in the specifics of their activities and their regulation.

1. Budgetary institutions are created in the fields of science, education, and culture. They are financed from the founder’s budget, and they manage their income independently.
2. State institutions work in the sphere of production and science, perform certain government functions or public services, are financed from the budget on the basis of an approved estimate, their activities are related to the use of money, they have their own income, which creates the need for specific regulation of their financial and budgetary discipline.
3. Autonomous organizations are created mainly in the field of social support of the population, science, education, sports and other areas related to the provision of services to citizens. They are also financed from the founder’s budget; they manage their income independently. Their difference is that they can open current accounts in commercial banks, and not just in the Federal Treasury.

The main feature of all types is that they use their property on the basis of the right of operational management; they receive funding from the founder or directly from the budget, which gives rise to special reporting requirements.

To understand the requirements for the preparation and submission of reports, the accountant must know the classification of budget accounting entities. This mechanism involves three groups of subjects:

• recipients of funds (institutions);
• fund managers (founders or regional authorities that direct funds to their recipients);
• the main manager of funds (usually the federal ministry when distributing funds between autonomous organizations).

The recipient of the funds reports to the managers by preparing reports that are almost similar to those sent to the tax authorities.

A single Chart of Accounts for budget accounting, common to all groups of this type of legal entity, can be found in Instruction No. 157n. For 2019 it has undergone major changes.

An important change was adjustments in the names of many accounts, for example, account 10407 “Depreciation of the library fund” was renamed “Depreciation of biological resources”, account 10707 “Library fund” - “Biological resources”. Based on the Unified Chart of Accounts, illogical plans are developed for each type of budgetary organization.

New accounts were introduced, for example, 10429 “Depreciation of intangible assets - especially valuable movable property of an institution”, 10449 “Depreciation of rights to use non-produced assets”.

Accounts 10540 “Inventory - leased items”, 10240 “Intangible assets - leased items”, 10740 “Leased items in transit”, 10990 “Distribution costs” have become invalid.

The nomenclature of accounts specifically for budgetary institutions is regulated by Instruction No. 174n, it introduces the Unified Chart of Accounts and the procedure for its application, it, like 157n, was seriously changed twice, by the same orders of the Ministry of Finance.

Instruction No. 191n introduces requirements for reporting on budget execution. This is a special form of reporting; 6 types of balance sheet forms alone are offered. The choice of form depends on whether the organization is the recipient, manager or main manager of budget funds.

And finally, Instruction No. 148n regulates general issues of budget accounting. It regulates the rules for recording each business transaction,

Types of calculations

For any accountant of a budgetary institution, one of the most important areas of application of the rules of budget accounting will be the reflection in it of settlements with different groups of debtors and creditors.

With accountable persons

Strict control over all types of spending of funds also applies to. There is still a requirement to issue cash receipts when issuing cash. Employees report on an advance report with supporting documents (for commercial organizations these features of document flow have already been abolished). Calculations on the synthetic account 020800000, which has a large number of analytical accounts, are taken into account.

If in commercial organizations failure to deliver is a private matter, then in an institution it is a violation of budget discipline. Shortages, as understood by the legislator when developing the wording of this article, are of a different nature depending on the asset and the reasons for its loss:

• movable property;
• Money;
• as a result of dishonest actions;
• in the form of legal costs.

Calculations for these types of shortfalls are reflected according to account 020900000 “Calculations for damage and other income”. Here, according to the norms of paragraph 220 of Instruction No. 157n, not only shortfalls are taken into account, but also theft, timely unreturned funds issued according to the advance report, advance payments unreturned by counterparties for terminated government contracts, and the amount of legal costs.

With the founder

For all types of institutions, their founder will be a government agency or a specific ministry. It endows the institution with property. Settlements with the founder are one of the main types of settlements and their inaccurate or untimely execution and recording may lead to the application of liability measures against authorized persons. Transactions are recorded either annually or before the organization is converted to another form.

They are reflected on account 021006000. This account must necessarily reflect the property transferred to the organization by the founder, which it cannot dispose of independently, but uses the income received from it. This property includes real estate and other expensive fixed assets. It also reflects the so-called “especially valuable movable property” (the term was introduced by one of the instructions), which the organization acquired independently, using income from its activities.

Together with the property itself, the amount of depreciation accrued on it must be reflected, which remains here in the event of disposal of the property from management before its full depreciation. Targeted subsidies and the return of their unspent portion are also reflected here.

With other debtors

This type of calculation is reflected in the synthetic account 021005000“Accounts with debtors based on income” and accompanying analytical accounts. Overpayments of taxes are taken into account in the same account. It should be borne in mind that most expenses must be authorized by the founder, either in the form of approval of the estimate, or in the form of granting permission to carry out a specific expenditure transaction.

On subaccount 020502000 income from property is reflected on 020503000 – income from sales. All transactions are additionally reflected in journals maintained according to established forms.

Thus, all the rules governing accounting in budgetary organizations differ significantly from the rules of RAS, in addition, they have undergone a number of structural changes associated with changes in budget classification and the strengthening of the role of electronic document management in relations between government bodies.

In order to navigate all these changes, an accountant needs to devote time to studying the instructions. In this case, records will be kept in accordance with the new rules and there will be no problems associated with reporting.

Amendments were made to Instruction No. 157n on budget accounting in 2019. Read the article about what’s new in the Unified Chart of Accounts for budgetary, government and autonomous institutions.

Latest changes to Instruction 157n on budget accounting in 2019

Recent changes to Instruction 157n are associated with the introduction of new federal standards and the procedure for applying KOSGU. In this regard, corresponding adjustments were made to Instruction 157n, which contains a unified chart of accounts for the public sector, by order of the Ministry of Finance dated December 28, 2018 No. 298n. The regulatory act was registered with the Ministry of Justice on January 29, 2019, but it should be used to prepare Accounting Policies from the beginning of 2019.

• Separating accounts to reflect settlements in cash and in kind.
• Separating accounts to reflect current and capital accounts.
• Detailing of synthetic accounts and analytics (KOSGU) depending on the category of the counterparty (source of gratuitous transfers, supplier, buyer, etc.).

See all amendments to Instruction 157n in the appendices to Order 298n:

Account 0 205 00 “Income calculations”

Group 0 205 10 “Calculations for tax revenues” in the updated version is called “Calculations for tax revenues, customs duties and insurance contributions for compulsory social insurance.” It includes accounts for settlements with payers:

• taxes – 0 205 11;
• state duties and fees – 0 205 12;
• customs payments – 0 205 13;
• insurance premiums – 0 205 14.

In the previous edition, all these calculations were performed using a single account in group 0 205 11 “Settlements with tax payers.”

Income accounts have been added to groups 0 205 20 and 0 205 30:

• from the concession fee – 0 205 2K;
• from the return of subsidies – 0 205 36.

The group of accounts 0 205 50, previously intended to account for all gratuitous receipts, will now take into account gratuitous cash receipts of a current nature. For similar capital receipts, the updated 157n will use group 0 205 60. Both groups provide new detail depending on the source of receipt, which is shown in the table.

Source	Free receipts in cash
	current nature	capital character
Other budgets of the Russian Federation
Autonomous and budgetary institutions
Public sector organizations
Other residents
Supranational organizations and foreign governments
International organizations
Other non-residents

Free receipts from the public administration sector to autonomous and budgetary institutions should be recorded in accounts 0 205 52 (current) and 0 205 62 (capital).

In the group 0 205 80, unused accounts 0 205 83 and 0 205 84 are excluded.

Account 0 206 00 “Settlements for advances issued”

The name of the account 0 206 11 has changed:

• old edition - “Advances on wages”;
• new edition – “Wage Advances”.

Instead of the previous account 0 206 12 (advances for other payments), in the updated 157n advances for other non-social payments to personnel include:

• by 0 206 12, if paid in cash;
• by 0 206 14 if paid in kind.

Calculations for advance gratuitous transfers are taken into account depending on the nature of the accounts:

• current – ​​0 206 40;
• capital – 0 206 80.

The table provides details of these accounts by recipient category.

Recipients	Calculations for advance gratuitous transfers
	current nature	capital character
State, budgetary and autonomous organizations
	0 206 42 – for production 0 206 47 – for products
Other financial organizations	0 206 43 – for production 0 206 48 – for products
	0 206 44 – for production 0 206 49 – for products
Other non-financial organizations	0 206 45 – for production 0 206 4A – for products
	0 206 46 – for production 0 206 4B – for products

Payments for social support advances are divided into different accounts depending on the category of recipients and the type of payments:

1. Advances on social assistance benefits paid in cash to the population - 0 206 62, in kind - 0 206 63.
2. Advances on pensions and benefits paid in cash to dismissed employees – 0 206 64.
3. Social assistance advances paid in kind to dismissed employees – 0 20 65.
4. Advances on social benefits and compensation paid in cash to personnel – 0 206 66.
5. Advances on social compensation paid in kind to personnel – 0 206 67.

Advances for other payments, reflected on 0 206 96, are now distributed into four accounts, depending on the nature and recipients:

• current nature for individuals – 0 206 96, for legal entities – 0 206 97;
• of a capital nature for individuals – 0 206 98, for legal entities – 0 206 99.

Account 0 208 00 “Settlements with accountable persons”

Settlements with accountable persons for other non-social payments from 2019 should be reflected in the accounts:

• 0 208 12 – produced in cash;
• 0 208 14 – produced in natural form.

Added account 0 208 33 for mutual settlements with accountants when purchasing intangible assets.

Settlements with accountable persons for social payments in cash are made in the following accounts:

• for payment of benefits to the population – 0 208 62;
• for payment of pensions and benefits to dismissed employees – 0 208 64;
• for payment of benefits and compensation to personnel – 0 208 66.

In kind:

• for payment of benefits to the population – 0 208 63;
• for payment of social assistance to dismissed employees – 0 208 65;
• for payment of compensation to personnel – 0 208 67.

Settlements with accountants for other payments made on account 0 208 96 in 2019 are reflected in the accounts:

• 0 208 96 – payments to individuals of a current nature;
• 0 208 98 – capital payments to individuals;
• 0 208 97 – payments to legal entities of a current nature;
• 0 208 99 – payments to legal entities of a capital nature.

Account 0 302 00 “Settlements for accepted obligations”

Settlements for other non-social payments in 2019 are reflected in the accounts:

• 0 302 12 – produced in cash;
• 0 302 14 – produced in natural form.

Settlements for gratuitous transfers are distributed among accounts depending on the nature of:

• current – ​​0 302 40;
• capital – 0 302 80.

Recipients	Calculations for free transfers
	current nature	capital character
State, budgetary and autonomous institutions
Public sector financial institutions	0 302 42 – for production 0 302 47 – for products
Other financial organizations	0 302 43 – for production 0 302 48 – for products
Non-financial public sector organizations	0 302 44 – for production 0 302 49 – for products
Other non-financial organizations	0 302 45 – for production 0 302 4A – for products
Non-profit organizations and individuals, producers of goods, works and services	0 302 46 – for production 0 302 4B – for products

Payments for social payments from January 1, 2019 are reflected in the following accounts:

1. Social benefits paid in cash to the population – 0 302 62, in kind – 0 302 63.
2. Pensions and benefits paid in cash to dismissed employees – 0 302 64.
3. Social assistance paid in kind to dismissed employees – 0 302 65.
4. Benefits and compensation paid in cash to personnel – 0 302 66.
5. Compensations paid in kind to personnel – 0 302 67.

In the new edition, there have been changes in the detailing of group 0 302 70. Account 0 302 72 now takes into account the costs of purchasing securities, with the exception of shares and other financial instruments for which account 0 302 73 is intended.

For settlements of other payments of a current nature, the following accounts are used:

• with individuals – 0 302 96;
• with legal entities – 0 302 97;

Settlements for other payments of a capital nature are reflected in the accounts:

• with individuals – 0 302 98;
• with legal entities – 0 302 99.

Off-balance sheet accounts

There have been minor changes in the off-balance sheet accounts section. Names clarified:

• account 04, intended for accounting for debts of insolvent debtors, was renamed “Doubtful debts”;
• in the title of account 24, the term “property” is replaced by “non-financial assets”;
• account 40 is used to account only for financial assets in the Criminal Code, as reflected in the name.

Changes in Appendix No. 2 to 157n

In connection with the entry into force of the GHS, some provisions, which are covered by separate regulatory documents, have been removed from the instructions for using the plan. This concerns the procedure for drawing up, approving the Accounting Policy and introducing amendments to it, rules for correcting mistakes, accounting for changes in currency quotes, and so on.

The following amendments have been made to balance sheet accounts:

1. A requirement has been established for the procedure for generating the analytical part of accounts 0 205 00, 0 206 00, 0 208 00, 0 209 00, 0 302 00, which did not exist previously. Now in positions 1 to 17 the budget classification must be indicated in full or in part, and in positions 24-26 - KOSGU.
2. To form the residual value, it is now necessary to subtract from the balance sheet not only accrued depreciation, but also the amount of loss from impairment of the asset (if any).
3. The strict requirement of the previous edition that legal acts received for temporary use are reflected only on the off-balance sheet (account 01) has been supplemented by the provision that accounting on a non-current account is possible. 0 103 00, if the GHS or Instructions allow this.
4. The purpose of account 0 401 40 (deferred income) has been clarified. It reflects all gratuitous receipts (interbudgetary transfers, subsidies to legal entities and citizens producing goods, works or services), which, according to concluded agreements, will be transferred next year on the terms of the provision of assets.
5. From 2019, the institution's obligation to provide funds for procurement from a single supplier, if an invitation to participate or a procurement notice is posted, should be considered an accepted obligation and accounted for accordingly.

On off-balance sheet account 01, the following types of property were added to the list of items taken into account:

• received free of charge as a contribution from the founder, including treasury property;
• received, but not secured on the basis of an operational management agreement, used in statutory activities by decision of the owner or founder;
• provided free of charge by the transferring party on the basis of a legislative act;
• acquired, but not included in the operational management agreement.

Account 01 also now takes into account the rights of limited use of other people's land plots.

Amendments to the use of off-balance sheet accounts:

• sch. 19 is now permissible to use not only by financial authorities, but also by income administrators for uncleared receipts;
• on account 20 it is now required to take into account accounts payable for overpayments of taxes to the budget by type of payment;
• on account 25 in 2019, property transferred not only under an operating lease, but also a non-operating lease, should be taken into account.

Instruction 157n on budget accounting in 2019 as amended

Despite the fact that Order 298n came into force only on February 10, 2019, apply the new rules in accounting from January 1. See and download the current version of Instruction 157n dated February 10, 2019:

Changes from May 8, 2018

On May 8, 2018, Order No. 64n of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated March 31, 2018 came into force and is applied in the formation of accounting policies and accounting indicators starting from 2018.

Entered accounts 10429 “Depreciation of intangible assets - especially valuable movable property of an institution”, 10449 “Depreciation of rights to use non-produced assets”. And also several other accounts.

Some accounts have been revised, For example:

• account 10407 “Depreciation of library funds” was renamed “Depreciation of biological resources”;
• account 10107 “Library Fund” was renamed to “Biological Resources”

Accounts declared invalid 10540 “Inventory - leased items”, 10240 “Intangible assets - leased items”, 10740 “Leased items in transit”, 10990 “Distribution costs”.

If the definition of any term from Instruction No. 175n is in federal standards, the definition from the federal standard must be applied.

For more information about all changes, see the text of Order of the Ministry of Finance dated March 31, 2018 No. 64n “On amendments to Appendices No. 1 and No. 2 to Order of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Federation dated December 1, 2010 No. 157n...”

Who applies the order of the Ministry of Finance of Russia dated December 1, 2010 No. 157n

Instruction No. 157n on budget accounting is used: – for autonomous institutions.

Recipients of budget funds generate budget accounting account numbers in accordance with the Unified Chart of Accounts and Instruction No. 157n on budget accounting. The features are established in Instruction No. 162n.

Structure of the Unified Chart of Accounts

Instruction 157n is a scheme for recording and distributing facts of economic life into groups of assets and liabilities.

The Unified Chart of Accounts represents a table that contains coding and names:

• synthetic accounts (first order accounts, grouping accounts);
• second-order subaccounts used for analytical accounting.

Account structure

All balance accounts have 26 digits. The account structure is as follows:

Balance sheet accounts in order No. 157n

In the Unified Chart of Accounts, order No. 157n dated December 1, 2010, all balance sheet accounts are grouped into five sections.

Section 1 “Non-financial assets”

This section includes information about all fixed assets, non-produced (land, subsoil, etc.), intangible assets, accrued depreciation, materials, finished products, capital investments, and treasury property.

Section 2 “Financial assets”

This section combines information about all funds and documents of the institution, about its financial investments (deposits, shares, securities), as well as about payments for income, advances, damages and all types of receivables.

Section 3 "Obligations"

This section takes into account all types of accounts payable of the institution: for wages, agreements and contracts.

Section 4 “Financial result”

Designed to reflect the positive or negative difference between the income and expenses of the institution.

In addition to the operating results for the current year, this section shows the financial results of previous years, future income, reserves for future expenses and information on cash execution of the budget.

Section 5 “Authorization of expenses of a business entity”

This section reflects information about limits, received and transferred budget obligations, budget allocations, accepted and accepted obligations, estimated (planned) assignments.

Off-balance sheet accounts in Instruction No. 157n

The unified chart of accounts contains 30 off-balance sheet accounts. They are divided into groups:

• property accounting;
• accounting of forms, vouchers, periodicals;
• accounting of money, settlements and settlement documents;
• accounting of receivables and payables;
• accounting of collateral, guarantees;
• accounting of financial investments.

To understand accounting for off-balance sheet accounts, download a cheat sheet with all the accounts and a description of their use.