Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov(September 14 (26), 1805, Moscow - March 15 (27), 1827, St. Petersburg) - Russian romantic poet, translator, prose writer, philosopher.
Biography
Dmitry Venevitinov was born on September 14 (26), 1805 in Moscow. His father, retired warrant officer L.-Gv. Semenovsky regiment Vladimir Petrovich Venevitinov, came from a wealthy provincial noble family, known since the beginning of the 17th century from census and collated books of the city of Voronezh. Mother, Anna Nikolaevna, came from an ancient family of princes Obolensky - Bely. Through her, Dmitry Venevitinov was distantly related (second cousin) to A.S. Pushkin. Venevitinov received a classical education at home, led by his mother. Venevitinov was taught French and Latin, as well as classical literature, by his tutor Dorer, a retired French officer. To the Greek - the Greek Beyle (Baylo). Painting - artist LaPerche. Russian literature was taught by Moscow University professor A.F. Merzlyakov, and music, most likely, by I.I. Genishta. Venevitinov also studied the German language very well, apparently under the guidance of Kh.I. Gerke - tutor of his early deceased brother Peter. In 1822, Dmitry Venevitinov entered Moscow University, where he became interested in German philosophy and romantic poetry. At Moscow University I attended individual lectures, in particular courses by A.F. Merzlyakov, I.I. Davydov, M.G. Pavlov and Loder. Participated in meetings of the student literary circle of N. M. Rozhalin. In 1823, Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov successfully passed the university course exam and in 1824 entered the service of the Moscow archive of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs (“archive youths” - this is how Pushkin ironically called the employees of this archive in his novel “Eugene Onegin”).
Together with Prince V.F. Odoevsky, he organized the secret philosophical “Society of Philosophy,” which also included I.V. Kireevsky, A.I. Koshelev, V.P. Titov, N.A. Melgunov and others. M.P. Pogodin and S.P. Shevyrev attended the meetings of the circle, without being formally its members. The circle studied German idealistic philosophy - the works of F. Schelling, I. Kant, Fichte, Oken, F. Schlegel and others.
Venevitinov took an active part in the publication of the Moskovsky Vestnik magazine.
An important role in the life of Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov was played by his acquaintance with Princess Zinaida Alexandrovna Volkonskaya, an intelligent and highly educated woman. A wonderful singer and amateur dramatic actress, Volkonskaya was the center of one of the most famous literary and artistic salons in Moscow. Dmitry Venevitinov was fascinated by her intelligence and beauty, and his unrequited feeling for Princess Volkonskaya bothered his sensitive nature until his last days.
In November 1826 Venevitinov, under the patronage of Z.A. Volkonskaya, moved from Moscow to St. Petersburg, joining the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Upon entering St. Petersburg, the poet, together with F.S. Khomyakov and librarian gr. Laval O. Vaucher, who saw off the wife of the Decembrist Prince to Siberia. S.P. Trubetskoy, Ekaterina Ivanovna (née Laval), was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the Decembrist conspiracy. He spent three days under arrest, which affected his weakened lungs. After this, on March 2, returning lightly dressed from the ball, Venevitinov caught a bad cold.
The poet died on March 15 (27), 1827 in St. Petersburg, apparently from severe pneumonia, before reaching the age of 22. He was buried in the cemetery of the Simonov Monastery in Moscow. He bequeathed to put on his finger at the hour of his death a ring from Herculaneum - a gift from Zinaida Volkonskaya. When he fell into oblivion, the ring was put on his finger. But suddenly Venevitinov woke up and asked: “Am I getting married?” And he died. A. Pushkin and A. Mitskevich were at the funeral. Reburied in the 1930s. at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Creation
In his literary activity, Venevitinov showed diverse talents and interests. He was not only a poet, but also a prose writer, wrote literary, programmatic and critical articles (his polemic with N. A. Polev over Chapter 1 of Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin” is known), translated prose works of German authors, including Goethe and Hoffmann (E. A. Maimin. “Dmitry Venevitinov and his literary heritage.” 1980).
Venevitinov wrote only about 50 poems. Many of them, especially the later ones, are filled with deep philosophical meaning, which is a distinctive feature of the poet’s lyrics.
The central theme of Venevitinov’s latest poems is the fate of the poet. The cult of the romantic poet-chosen one, raised high above the crowd and everyday life, is noticeable in them:
...But in pure thirst for pleasure
Don’t trust every harp’s hearing
There are not many true prophets
With the seal of power on his forehead,
With the gifts of lofty lessons,
With the verb of heaven on earth.
A number of Venevitinov’s poems of 1826-1827, written a few months before the poet’s death (“Testament”, “To my ring”, “Poet and Friend”) can rightfully be called prophetic. In them, the author seemed to foresee his early death:
...The soul told me long ago:
You will rush through the world like lightning!
You are given to feel everything,
But you won't enjoy life.
Venevitinov was also known as a gifted artist, musician, and music critic. When a posthumous publication was being prepared, Vladimir Odoevsky proposed including not only poems, but also drawings and musical works: “I would like to publish them together with the works of my friend, who wonderfully combined all three arts.”
“Had Venevitinov lived even ten years more, he would have advanced our literature forward for decades...”
N. G. Chernyshevsky
Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov(September 14 (26), 1805 – March 15 (27), 1827) - Russian poet, translator, prose writer.
Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov was born in Moscow. His father, retired ensign of the Semenovsky regiment Vladimir Petrovich Venevitinov (1777-1814), came from a wealthy Voronezh noble family. Mother, Anna Nikolaevna, came from the princely family of Obolensky-Belykh. Through her, Dmitry Venevitinov was distantly related (second cousin) to A.S. Pushkin.
Venevitinov received a classical home education in 1822-1824. As a volunteer, he attended lectures at Moscow University. He was interested not only in history, philosophy and the theory of literature, but also in mathematics and natural sciences. Having passed the exams for a university course, in 1824 he entered the service of the Moscow Archives of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs, but his main occupation was literature. By this time, he was already the author of several poems, mostly freely adapted from ancient and modern European authors. Venevitinov was one of the organizers of the Moscow “Society of Philosophy,” which aimed to study idealistic philosophy and romantic aesthetics.
In November 1826, Venevitinov moved from Moscow to St. Petersburg, joining the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Upon entering St. Petersburg, the poet was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the Decembrist conspiracy. He spent three days under arrest in one of the guardhouses in St. Petersburg. Being away from family and friends depressed the poet. In addition, Venevitinov caught a severe cold, which led to his early death on March 15 (27), 1827, apparently from severe pneumonia. The body was sent to Moscow. Venevitinov was buried on April 2, 1827 at the cemetery of the Simonov Monastery in Moscow. Pushkin, Mickiewicz and other friends of the poet were at the funeral.
In his literary activity, Venevitinov showed diverse talents and interests. His romantic poetry is full of philosophical motives. Many poems are devoted to the high purpose of poetry and the poet, the cult of friendship: “The Poet” (1826), “The Poet and the Friend” (1827). He dedicated poems to friends, close people, and his beloved Zinaida Volkonskaya: “To my goddess” (1826), “Elegy” (1827), “Testament” (1826).
Venevitinov bequeathed to put a ring on his finger at the hour of his death - a gift from Zinaida Volkonskaya. When he fell into oblivion, A. S. Khomyakov put the ring on his finger. In the 1930s, during the demolition of the Simonov Monastery, the body of D.V. Venevitinov was exhumed and reburied at the Novodevichy cemetery. During exhumation, the ring was removed from the poet’s finger and is now kept in the Literary Museum.
Venevitinov was not only a poet, but also a translator, prose writer, wrote literary critical articles, translated the works of E. T. A. Hoffmann, J. V. Goethe and others. He was also known as a gifted artist, musician, and music critic.
The name of Dmitry Venevitinov is closely connected with our region. The Venevitinovs had possessions in the Voronezh province. As a child, Dmitry and his parents visited the “family nest” - in Novozhivotinny. After the death of their father, the Venevitinov family stopped coming to the estate. But in August - September 1824, together with his younger brother Alexei, Dmitry Venevitinov visited Voronezh and his Voronezh estate. He lived in Novozhivotinny for about a month, often recalled his childhood, wrote letters to his mother and sister Sophia, and composed poems. Nowadays there is a monument of federal significance – the Museum-Estate of D.V. Venevitinov.
In 1994, in the outskirts of the Kominternovsky district of Voronezh, a new street was formed - Venevitinskaya. In 2005, in honor of the 200th anniversary of Dmitry Venevitinov, a monument to the poet was unveiled on the territory of the D.V. Venevitinov Estate Museum.
Works by D. V. Venevitinov
Venevitinov D.V. Complete works / D.V. Venevitinov; edited by A. P. Pyatkovsky. – St. Petersburg: Printing house of O. I. Bakst, 1862. – 264 p.
The complete collected works of the poet, published in 1862 in the St. Petersburg printing house of Bakst, edited by A. P. Pyatkovsky, also contains a portrait of the author, facsimiles and articles about his life and writings.
Venevitinov D. V.Poems / D. V. Venevitinov. – Moscow: Soviet Russia, 1982. – 174 p. – (Poetic Russia).
Venevitinov D. V.Poems. Poems. Dramas / D. V. Venevitinov. – Moscow: Fiction, 1976. – 128 p.
The poet's books include his selected works.
Venevitinov D.V. Poems // Anthology of Russian poetry. – URL: http://www.stihi-rus.ru/1/Venevitinov/.
Poets of Pushkin's time: selected poems. - Moscow; Leningrad: Detgiz, 1949. – 286 p. - (School library).
The collection includes selected poems by sixteen of the most important poets of Pushkin's era, including Dmitry Venevitinov.
Russian poetry of the first halfXIX century. – Moscow: Slovo, 2001. – 765 p. – (Pushkin Library).
The book presents the work of fifty-six poets of various directions, including Dmitry Venevitinov (pp. 379–389).
Literature about the life and work of D. V. Venevitinov
Akinshin A. N. Voronezh nobility in persons and destinies: historical and genealogical essays with the appendix of the List of noble families of the Voronezh province / A. N. Akinshin, O. G. Lasunsky. – Ed. 2nd, revised and additional – Voronezh: Center for Spiritual Revival of the Black Earth Region, 2009. – 432 p.
The book by Voronezh scientists presents biographies of noble families of the Voronezh province who lived in the region until 1917. Venevitinovs and Stankeviches, Raevskys and Tulinovs, Potapovs and Somovs... Poets and educators, manufacturers and military men. Among the illustrations you can find drawings by the brother of the poet Dmitry Venevitinov, Alexey Vladimirovich, who captured views of the village of Novozhivotinnoye in the mid-19th century.
Budakov V.V. Poet-philosopher Dmitry Venevitinov / V.V. Budakov // Voronezh: Russian provincial magazine. – Voronezh, 2003. – Special. issue : Day of Slavic Literature and Culture. – P. 118.
Budakov V.V. “It’s early to die, but to live...” (Dmitry Venevitinov) / V.V. Budakov // Devotees of the Russian word / V.V. Budakov. – Voronezh, 2007. – pp. 110–116.
The book “Ascetics of the Russian Word” is lyrical essays about writers and poets, whose life and work are related to the black earth region, the Central Russian strip. One of the essays is dedicated to Dmitry Venevitinov.
Venevitinov Dmitry Vladimirovich // Literary map of the Voronezh region. – URL: http://lk.vrnlib.ru/?p=persons&id=66.
Dmitry Venevitinov. Venevitinov estates. Creative heritage of the poet / [intro. Art. E. G. Novichikhina]. – Voronezh: Center for Spiritual Revival of the Black Earth Region, 2010. – 215 p.
The poet's name is closely connected with the Voronezh region: four landowner estates of the Venevitinov family were located in Ramon - on the picturesque banks of the Don. The world of the noble estate was preserved only in the village of Novozhivotinnoye. This book offers not only an acquaintance with biographical materials and the work of a wonderful poet, critic, and philosopher. For the first time, the reader will be able to look into all four estates, learn their history and modern life, and walk through the halls of D. Venevitinov’s house-museum.
Zhikharev V. In captivity of the “queen of muses and beauty”: (Dmitry Venevitinov and Miniato Ricci) / V. Zhikharev // Rise. – Voronezh, 2012. – No. 12. – P. 218–223.
Vitaly Zhikharev's essay brings new details to the love story of the twenty-year-old Russian poet Dmitry Venevitinov for Zinaida Volkonskaya, who, in turn, was carried away by the Italian chamber singer Count Miniato Ricci.
Lasunsky O. G. Venevitinov Dmitry Vladimirovich / O. G. Lasunsky // Voronezh Encyclopedia: [in 2 volumes] / [ch. ed. M. D. Karpachev]. – Voronezh, 2008. – T. 1. – P. 126.
Mordovchenko N. I. Venevitinov and poets of love / N. I. Mordovchenko // History of Russian literature: in 10 volumes - Moscow; Leningrad, 1953. – T. 6: Literature of the 1820s-1830s. – pp. 448–459. – URL: http://feb-web.ru/feb/irl/il0/il6/il6-4482.htm.
An article on the website of the Fundamental Electronic Library (FEB) “Russian Literature and Folklore” talks about the literary and philosophical circle “Society of Philosophy” (1823–1825). Venevitinov took an active part in the organization and work of the circle. Members of the circle studied German idealistic philosophy.
Museum-estate of D. V. Venevitinov. – http://muzeinikitin.vzh.ru/muzej-usadba-d-venevitinova.
Museum-estate of D. V. Venevitinov // Literary map of the Voronezh region. – URL: http://lk.vrnlib.ru/?p=post&id=4.
The museum-estate of D.V. Venevitinov, opened in 1994, is a monument of federal significance, one of the few surviving noble estates of the 18th century in Russia. The museum is located in the village of Novozhivotinnoye, Ramonsky district, Voronezh region. Its exhibition includes the decoration of the halls of a noble noble estate of the 19th century and everything connected with the Venevitinov family. The museum includes a two-story mansion (1760-1770), an outbuilding (1887), and a park area with a pond. In 2005, a monument to the poet was unveiled on the estate.
Novichikhin E. Novozhivotinnoe / E. Novichikhin. – Voronezh: Central Black Earth Book Publishing House, 1994. – 114 p. – (Voronezh Land. Encyclopedia of cities and villages).
The book tells about a village in the Voronezh region, which dates back to the second half of the 17th century. The fate of the poet Dmitry Venevitinov is closely connected with the history of this village.
Poet and philosopher Dmitry Venevitinov // Origins. Ethnocultural features of the Voronezh region. – Voronezh, 2014. – pp. 147–148.
An article from a collection telling about the ethnocultural characteristics of our region, about the life and traditions of our ancestors, about people associated with the Voronezh land.
Udodov B. Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov / B. Udodov // Voronezh residents: famous biographies in the history of the region. – Voronezh, 2007. – pp. 116–120.
Chernyshev M. A. “There is an unsolved thought in the soul...” / M. A.Chernyshev. – Saratov: Zavolzhye, 1992. – 280 p.
The book tells about the life and work of the famous 19th century poet Dmitry Venevitinov.
Venevitinov, Dmitry Vladimirovich
Material from Wikipedia - the free encyclopedia
Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov (September 14 (26), 1805, Moscow - March 15 (27), 1827, St. Petersburg) - Russian romantic poet, translator, prose writer and philosopher.
Dmitry Venevitinov was born on September 14 (26), 1805 in Moscow, in the parish of the now lost Church of Archdeacon Euplaus, which was located at the intersection of Myasnitskaya Street and Milyutinsky Lane. His father, retired ensign of the Semenovsky regiment Vladimir Petrovich Venevitinov (1777-1814), came from a wealthy Voronezh noble family. Mother, Anna Nikolaevna, came from the princely family of Obolensky-Belykh. Through her, Dmitry Venevitinov was distantly related (second cousin) to A.S. Pushkin.
Venevitinov grew up in a preserved house on Krivokolenny Lane, where he received a classical education at home, led by his mother (Princess Anna Nikolaevna Obolenskaya). Venevitinov was taught French and Latin, as well as classical literature, by his tutor Dorer, a retired French officer, Greek by the Greek Bayle (Baylo), and painting by the artist La Perche. Russian literature was taught by Moscow University professor A.F. Merzlyakov, and music, most likely, by I.I. Genishta.
In 1822, Dmitry Venevitinov entered Moscow University, where he became interested in German philosophy and romantic poetry. At the university I attended individual lectures, in particular courses by A.F. Merzlyakov, I.I. Davydov, M.G. Pavlov and Loder. Participated in meetings of the student literary circle of N. M. Rozhalin. In 1823, he successfully passed the university course exam and in 1824 entered the service of the Moscow Archive of the College of Foreign Affairs (“archive youths” - this is how Pushkin ironically called the employees of this archive in his novel “Eugene Onegin”). In August - September 1824, together with his younger brother Alexei, he visited his Voronezh estates, which was clearly reflected in his letters.
Venevitinov, together with Prince V.F. Odoevsky, organized the secret philosophical “Society of Philosophy,” which also included I.V. Kireevsky, A.I. Koshelev, V.P. Titov, N.A. Melgunov and others. M.P. Pogodin and S.P. Shevyrev attended the meetings of the circle, without being formally its members. The circle studied German idealistic philosophy - the works of F. Schelling, I. Kant, Fichte, Oken, F. Schlegel and others. Venevitinov took an active part in the publication of the Moskovsky Vestnik magazine.
In November 1826, Venevitinov, under the patronage of Princess Zinaida Volkonskaya, moved from Moscow to St. Petersburg, joining the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Upon entering St. Petersburg, the poet, together with F. S. Khomyakov and Count Laval’s librarian O. Vaucher, who was escorting the wife of the Decembrist Prince to Siberia. S.P. Trubetskoy, Ekaterina Ivanovna (née Laval) was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the Decembrist conspiracy. He spent three days under arrest in one of the guardhouses in St. Petersburg. Venevitinov was interrogated by the duty general Potapov. According to biographers, the arrest and interrogation had a strong effect on Venevitinov He spent three days under arrest, which worsened his lung disease. After that, in March, returning lightly dressed from a ball, Venevitinov caught a severe cold.
Venevitinov and Khomyakov settled in the Lanskys’ house. Being away from family and friends, away from his native Moscow, depressed the poet, although his social circle in St. Petersburg was quite wide: V.F. Odoevsky and A.I. Koshelev already lived here. A. Delvig was a frequent guest of Venevitinov.
The poet died on March 15 (27), 1827 in St. Petersburg, before reaching the age of 22. He was buried in the cemetery of the Simonov Monastery in Moscow. He bequeathed to put a ring on his finger at the hour of his death - a gift from Zinaida Volkonskaya. When he fell into oblivion, the ring was put on his finger. But suddenly Venevetinov woke up and asked: “Am I getting married?” And he died. A. Pushkin and A. Mitskevich were at the funeral. Reburied in the 1930s. at the Novodevichy cemetery...
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Another poet of Pushkin's era.
Russian romantic poet, translator, prose writer and philosopher
Biography
Dmitry Venevitinov was born on September 14 (26), 1805 in Moscow, into an old and rich noble family, his distant relative (fourth cousin) was A. S. Pushkin. He received a classical home education, led by his mother (Princess Anna Nikolaevna Obolenskaya), and studied French, German, Latin and Greek. He became interested in German philosophy and romantic poetry. He listened to individual lectures at Moscow University, in particular courses by A.F. Merzlyakov, I.I. Davydov, M.G. Pavlov and Loder. Participated in meetings of the student literary circle of N. M. Rozhalin.
In 1825, Venevitinov entered the service of the Moscow archive of the Collegium of Foreign Affairs (“archive youths” - this is how Pushkin ironically called the employees of this archive in his novel “Eugene Onegin”).
Together with Prince V.F. Odoevsky, he organized the secret philosophical “Society of Philosophy,” which also included I.V. Kireevsky, A.I. Koshelev, V.P. Titov, N.A. Melgunov and others. A. S. Khomyakov, M. P. Pogodin and S. P. Shevyrev attended the meetings of the circle, without being formally its members. The circle studied German idealistic philosophy - the works of F. Schelling, I. Kant, F. Schlegel and others.
Venevitinov took an active part in the publication of the Moskovsky Vestnik magazine.
In November 1826, Venevitinov moved from Moscow to St. Petersburg, joining the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Upon entering St. Petersburg, the poet was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the Decembrist conspiracy. He spent three days under arrest, which worsened his lung disease. After this, in March, returning lightly dressed from a ball, Venevitinov caught a bad cold.
The poet died on March 15 (27), 1827 in St. Petersburg, before reaching the age of 22. He was buried in the cemetery of the Simonov Monastery in Moscow. He bequeathed to put a ring on his finger at the hour of his death - a gift from Zinaida Volkonskaya. When he fell into oblivion, the ring was put on his finger. But suddenly Venevetinov woke up and asked: “Am I getting married?” And he died. A. Pushkin and A. Mitskevich were at the funeral. Reburied in the 1930s. at the Novodevichy cemetery.
Creation
In his literary activity, Venevitinov showed diverse talents and interests. He was not only a poet, but also a prose writer, wrote literary, programmatic and critical articles (his polemic with N. A. Polev over Chapter 1 of Pushkin’s “Eugene Onegin” is known), translated prose works of German authors, including Goethe and Hoffmann (E. A. Maimin. “Dmitry Venevitinov and his literary heritage.” 1980).
Venevitinov wrote only about 50 poems. Many of them, especially the later ones, are filled with deep philosophical meaning, which is a distinctive feature of the poet’s lyrics.
The central theme of Venevitinov's latest poems is the fate of the poet. The cult of the romantic poet-chosen one, raised high above the crowd and everyday life, is noticeable in them:
A number of Venevitinov’s poems of 1826-1827, written a few months before the poet’s death (“Testament”, “To my ring”, “Poet and Friend”) can rightfully be called prophetic. In them, the author seemed to foresee his early death:
Venevitinov was also known as a gifted artist, musician, and music critic. When a posthumous publication was being prepared, Vladimir Odoevsky proposed including not only poems, but also drawings and musical works: “I would like to publish them together with the works of my friend, who wonderfully combined all three arts.”
1805 - 1827
Dmitry Vladimirovich Venevitinov(14(26).09.1805-15(27).03.1827) was born in Moscow in Krivokolenny Lane, into a noble-aristocratic family. Father - Vladimir Petrovich Venevitinov (1777-1814) - a retired guards ensign of the Preobrazhensky Regiment, died when Dmitry was only 9 years old. Mother - Anna Nikolaevna, nee Princess Obolenskaya (1782-1841) - second cousin of Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. The house in which Dmitry was born is still preserved. It stands not far from Myasnitskaya Street, at the first turn of the alley. There is a memorial plaque on it that says that in this house of the Venevitinovs, A.S. Pushkin read “Boris Godunov.”
D.V. Venevitinov received an excellent home upbringing and education. Dmitry's direct education was entrusted to the teachers of Moscow University: materialist scientist and physician Justin Egorovich Dyadkovsky; mathematician P. S. Shchepkin; poet, translator, literary critic Alexey Fedorovich Merzlyakov; composer, conductor, pianist Joseph Iosifovich Genishta; artist LaPerche. By the age of 14, Dmitry read Virgil, Horace, Homer, Aeschylus in the original, translated them into Russian, was fluent in French, German, English and studied Italian.
The first poem by Venevitinov that has survived to this day is dated 1821. It is called “To Friends” and is a response to A. S. Khomyakov’s “Message to the Venevitinovs,” addressed to Dmitry and Alexei.
In 1822, sixteen-year-old Dmitry entered Moscow University as a volunteer and attended lectures in all 4 departments at once: moral-political, verbal, physical-mathematical and medical, receiving truly encyclopedic knowledge. At the university he developed as a romantic poet with his own style. Professor M. G. Pavlov (a native of Yelets, graduated from the Voronezh Theological Seminary) had a great influence on D. V. Venevitinov in shaping his interest in philosophy and its deep study. It was Pavlov who turned Venevitinov to a serious study of the classic of German philosophy - Schelling. The romantic nature of Venevitinov’s worldview found expression in his philosophical knowledge of life.
In November 1823, D.V. Venevitinov graduated from the university and entered the Moscow archive of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. By this time, he was already the author of several poems, mostly freely adapted from ancient and modern European authors.
In 1823, the Literary and Philosophical Circle “Society of Philosophy” (1823-1825) was organized in Moscow. The circle, in addition to the chairman V.F. Odoevsky and secretary D.V. Venevitinov, included the critic I.V. Kireevsky, writers N.M. Rozhalin and A.I. Koshelev; The circle was joined by the prose writer and historian M. P. Pogodin, and the poet and philologist S. P. Shevyrev. Members of the circle studied the works of B. Spinoza, I. Kant, I. Fichte, F. Schelling, and subsequently played a significant role in the development of Russian philosophical thought and literature. At society meetings, Venevitinov read excerpts from his philosophical prose: “Sculpture, Painting and Music,” “Morning, Noon, Evening and Night,” “Plato’s Conversations with Alexander.” For a short time, Pushkin became close to the wise men. The members of the circle published mainly in the journal “Bulletin of Europe” and the almanac “Mnemosyne”, and after the dissolution of the society, most of them united around the journal “Moscow Bulletin”, created on the advice of A. S. Pushkin and according to the program of D. V. Venevitinov, which was published with beginning of 1827
Venevitinov’s life in the capital alternated with trips to the provinces. The Venevitinovs had quite numerous estates in the Voronezh and Zemlyansk districts of the Voronezh province. As a child, Dmitry visited the “family nest” with his parents. After the death of their father, the Venevitinov family stopped coming to Novozhivotinnoye. The estate was led by a manager who failed to deal fairly and honestly with the peasants. At the end of the summer of 1824, Dmitry and his brother Alexei were forced to go to their Voronezh estate Novozhivotinnoye to resolve problems in management matters. The path to the estate lay through Voronezh, where the brothers stopped for two days and met with relatives and friends. Dmitry wrote to his mother about his stay in Voronezh, reporting a visit to the Voronezh governor N.I. Krivtsov. Nikolai Ivanovich was a participant in the Battle of Borodino, the brother of the Decembrist Sergei Ivanovich Krivtsov, as well as close acquaintances of N. M. Karamzin, P. A. Vyazemsky and. Venevitinov also paid visits to the leader of the nobility, the prosecutor and the chairman of the civil chamber. The poet had the opportunity to see Voronezh and walk along its main street - Bolshaya Dvoryanskaya. He lived in Novozhivotinny for about a month, often recalled his childhood, wrote letters to his mother and sister Sophia, and composed poems.
A trip to the Voronezh estates taught the poet a lot and helped him see the real life of peasant Russia. Delight in the beauty of the Don nature led to reflections on participation in the endless miracle of life and a philosophical perception of existence. Upon his return from the Voronezh province, Venevitinov would write philosophical short stories and poems about nature.
By 1825, the poet’s unique literary world had finally emerged. Venevitinov’s first appearance in print as a literary critic dates back to 1825. His “Analysis of an article about “Eugene Onegin” was published in the magazine “Son of the Fatherland.” Pushkin really liked this article, as well as Venevitinov’s reviews of the second chapter of Eugene Onegin and an excerpt from Boris Godunov.
An important event in the life of D.V. Venevitinov was his acquaintance with Zinaida Volkonskaya, an extraordinary woman, the owner of one of the most brilliant Moscow literary salons. Venevitinov loved her with a strong, without expectation of reciprocity, poetic love, the symbol of which was the princess’s famous ring, found at one time during the excavations of Herculaneum and Pompeii. Volkonskaya gave it to the poet when Dmitry Vladimirovich left for St. Petersburg. Venevitinov attached the ring to his watch in the form of a keychain, declaring that he would wear it only before marriage or death. The poem “,” which can well be called prophetic, is dedicated to this event in his life. Venevitinov’s poetic prediction came true. In 1930, Venevitinov’s grave, due to the closure of the cemetery at the former Simonov Monastery, was moved to the Novodevichy Cemetery. During the exhumation of the ashes, the ring was taken out and is now kept as a relic in the State Literary Museum in Moscow.
In November 1826, Venevitinov left Moscow for St. Petersburg, joining the Asian Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Upon entering St. Petersburg, Venevitinov was arrested on suspicion of involvement in the Decembrist case, among whom he had many friends. The arrest had a detrimental effect on the poet: in addition to the difficult moral impression, being in a damp and cold room had a detrimental effect on his already weak health. Later, despite all his enthusiasm for his new service in the Asian Department, he suffered from the northern climate.
The St. Petersburg period of Venevitinov’s life was filled with intense activity and high creative enthusiasm. By this time, one can already speak of Venevitinov as an established, mature poet, capable of not only finding original themes, but also expressing them in an original way, creating his own unique style of philosophical lyrics. The poems dating to the last year of his life are distinguished by the perfection of form and depth of content, being the pinnacle of his lyrics. This is a kind of cycle consisting of 6 poems: “”, “”, “Poet”, “Sacrifice”, “Consolation”, “Message to Rozhalin”. His translations from Goethe's Egmont and Faust are also brilliant. Venevitinov wrote only about 50 poems. Many of them, especially the later ones, are filled with deep philosophical meaning, which is a distinctive feature of the poet’s lyrics.
In St. Petersburg, Dmitry began writing a prose novel, “Vladimir Parensky.” Unfortunately, the work was not completed; excerpts from the novel were published in 1831, after the death of the author. The poet did not have to realize many of his intentions...
At the beginning of March 1827, Venevitinov caught a severe cold, the disease could not be stopped. The poet died on March 15 (27), 1827, before reaching the age of 22.
Poems are also dedicated to Venevitinov.
Venevitinov was also known as a gifted artist, musician, and music critic. When the posthumous edition of the poet was being prepared, V. Odoevsky proposed to include in it not only poems, but also drawings and musical works: “I would like to publish them together with the works of my friend, who wonderfully combined all three arts.”
In 1994, on the outskirts of the Kominternovsky district of Voronezh there was Venevitinovskaya Street.
In 2005, Voronezh residents celebrated the 200th anniversary of the poet’s birth. In honor of the 200th anniversary of Dmitry Venevitinov, a monument to the poet was unveiled on the territory.
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Fragment of the exhibition at the All-Russian Scientific Library named after I. S. Nikitin
Venevitinov D.V. Complete works / ed. B.V. Smirensky; auto. entry Art. D. D. Blagoy. - M.; L.: ACADEMIA, 1934. - p.
. Venevitinov D. In With the verb of heaven on earth: Poems. Poems and dramas in verse. Prose. Articles. Contemporaries about D. V. Venevitinov / comp.: R. V. Andreeva, L. F. Popova; scientific ed., intro. Art., comment. B. T. Udodova. - Voronezh: Spirit Center. revival of Chernozem. region, 2003. - 351, p., l. ill.
. Venevitinov D.V. My days blossomed calmly in the valley of life...: Poems. Letters from the village / D. V. Venevitinov. - Moscow: White City, 2013. - 175 p. : ill.
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. Osokin V.N. Venevitinov’s ring: sketches about artists and writers. - M.: Sov. Russia, 1969. - 123 p.
. Literary criticism of the 1800-1820s / author. entry art., comp., note. and preparation text by L. G. Frizman. - M.: Artist. lit., 1980. - 343 p., l. ill.
. Chernyshev M. A. “There is an unsolved thought in the soul...”: about the life and work of Dm. Venevitinova. - Saratov: Zavolzhye, 1992. - 280 p.
. Voronezh residents: famous biographies in the history of the region / editor-ed. Yu. L. Polevoy. - Voronezh, 2007. - pp. 116-120.
. Voronezh Historical and Cultural Encyclopedia: personalities / ch. ed. O. G. Lasunsky. - 2nd ed., add. and corr. - Voronezh, 2009. - P. 91.
http://www.azlib.ru/w/wenewitinow_d_w/
