Turnover is often used in everyday speech to express planned action, that is, when we re going do something. This phrase is one of those in the English language.
Forms of to be going to in the present tense
After the turn, any word can come (a verb in the initial form). Here are the patterns of turnover in the present tense with different infinitives
Note: the translation of sentences with going to always depends heavily on the context. In the examples below, going to is translated in different ways, such as “getting ready” or in the future tense.
Going to in the affirmative form
In the affirmative form, a sentence with to be going to is constructed according to the following scheme:
Note: this part “to be going to + infinitive” forms the predicate.
- I am going to swim. - I'm going to go swimming.
- You are going to be fine. - You'll be fine.
- He (she, it) is going to come back. - He will return.
- We are going to work. - We're going to work.
- You are going to get rich. - You will get rich.
- They are going to regret it. - They will regret this.
Going to in negative form
In negative form a particle is added not before “going”:
- I am not going to do that. - I'm not going to do that.
- You are not going to sleep tonight. - You won't sleep today.
- He (she, it) is not going to be welcome here. “He won’t be welcome here.”
- We are not going to leave. - We're not going to leave.
- You are not going to like it. -You won't like this.
- They are not going to find us. - They won't find us.
Going to in interrogative form
In the interrogative form, the verb to be is placed before the subject.
- Am I going to stay here? – Will I stay here?
- Are you going to help me? - Will you help me?
- Is he (she, it) going to be here? - Will he be here?
- Are we going to join them? - Shall we join them?
- Are you going to win? – Are you going to win?
- Are they going to wait? - Will they wait?
Using to be going to in the present tense: rules and example sentences
In short, it is mainly used to indicate an action planned for the near future:
I am going to drink coffee with Mary. - I'm going to have coffee with Mary.
They are going to get married. - They will (soon) get married.
Or an action that is about to happen:
It 's going to rain. - (It’s about to) rain.
Look! He is going to fall! - Look! He's about to fall!
But if you look in more detail, some nuances will emerge.
So, the phrase to be going to is used in two cases:
1. When an action is planned for the future even before the moment of speech
The action is planned for the future, and the plan arose before the moment of speech. In other words, I have already made a decision and am reporting it. For example, I firmly decided that tomorrow I will quit my job:
I 'm going to quit my job tomorrow. - I'm going to quit my job tomorrow.
Ron and Jane agreed to play tennis in the evening. Jane tells her friend about this:
We are going to play tennis tonight. – We are going to play tennis in the evening.
Lucy has decided to buy new shoes next week:
I 'm going to buy new shoes next week. — I'm going to buy new shoes next week.
If the decision is made not in advance, but at the moment of speech, use the verb will. Compare two examples:
Example 1:
– Yes, I know. I 'm going to go and buy some later. – Yes, I know, I’ll go buy (I’m going to go buy) later.
Here we use turnover because the action (buying coffee) was planned in advance.
Example 2:
– We are out of coffee. - We've run out of coffee.
– Really? I will go and buy some. - Is it true? I'll go buy some.
An auxiliary verb is used will, because the decision is made at the moment of speech.
2. When certain signs indicate that an action will definitely happen
The speaker seems to predict an event, based on certain obvious signs or his own experience, and reports: something is about to happen.
A “prediction” may refer to a fairly distant time, for example:
It's so cold! I think it is going to snow. - So cold! I think it will snow.
This means that it will snow not in a second or two, but soon - in the indefinite near future. Maybe tomorrow, or maybe in a week. The fact that snow will certainly happen is indicated by a sign (cold).
I have broken my sister’s vase. She is going to kill me! – I broke my sister’s vase. She'll kill me!
The sister will kill our hero in the near future as soon as she notices the broken vase. The fact that this will happen is indicated by the speaker’s experience (he knows his sister’s character very well).
Often a “prediction” refers to the near future when something exactly will happen:
Look at the dog. It 's going to bite you. - Look at the dog. She's going to bite you now.
Get back! The bomb is going to explode. - Back! The bomb is about to explode!
For “predictions” the future tense with a verb can also be used will, but in this case it is usually an opinion that is not supported by obvious evidence or experience.
I think the cop will spot us. “I think the cop will notice us.”
This opinion is not supported by anything. And here it is supported:
The cop has got a flashlight! He is going to spot us. - The cop has a flashlight! He'll notice us.
To be going to in the past tense
In the past tense, sentences with are constructed in the same way as in the present, but the verb to be takes the form of the past tense - was(singular) or were(plural).
I was going to call you. - I was going to call you.
We were going to buy a new TV. – We were going to buy a new TV.
When a phrase is used in the past tense, it usually means that the speaker wanted, planned, was going to do something, but in the end did not do it.
Example sentences:
I was going to call you but I lost your phone number. “I was going to call you, but I lost your phone number.”
It was going to rain but suddenly the sun appeared. – It was going to rain, but suddenly the sun appeared.
We were going to buy a new TV but then we changed our minds. – We were going to buy a new TV, but then we changed our minds.
this wonderful site - there are native (and non-native) language teachers there 👅 for all occasions and for every pocket 🙂 I myself took more than 50 lessons with the teachers I found there!
For expression planned actions, plans, forecasts or intentions in English the construction “to be going to” is often used.
The verb “to go” in the form followed by an infinitive (to be going + infinitive) conveys the intention to perform the action expressed by the infinitive.
In this case, “to be going” is translated into Russian as: gather, intend.
Instead of “going to” in colloquial speech, native speakers often use the abbreviated “gonna”.
“to be” corresponds to the personal form (I am / we are; you are; they are / he is, she is, it is)
“I"m going to visit my parents.” - I'll go visit my parents.
“What are you going to do tonight?” - What will you do in the evening?
“John is going on vacation tomorrow.” - John is going on vacation tomorrow.
“I am going to send him a telegram.” - I'm going to send him a telegram.
“I’m going to work in summer.” - I'm going to work in the summer.
"We're going to get married in June." - We are going to get married in June.
"I am going to win." - I'm going (planning) to win.
“How long are you going to stay with us?” - How long are you going to stay with us?
“I think it is going to rain. " - Seems it will rain.
"The cat is going to jump." - The cat is going to jump (preparing to jump).
The negation of to be going can be expressed as follows:
"I am not going to drive." - I won't go by car.
In the case when the intention is in the past, the auxiliary verb “to be” is used in the past tense:
(I was, we were, you were, they were, he/she/it was).
"I wasn't going to laugh." - I didn't mean to laugh.
"I thought he was going to fall." - I thought he would fall.
It is important! from the verb to go is usually not used in combination with to go and to come.
Instead of Not is going to go there, He is going to come here- They say: Not is going there, He is coming here
or: Doesn't intend to go there, He doesn't intend to come here.
To be going to can also be used to express the high probability or inevitability of an action in the future. The subject in these cases may be an inanimate object. Such expressions are translated into Russian by the future tense:
The sea air is going to do you good. - Sea air will benefit you.
He is going to fall ill. - He'll get sick.(i.e., by appearance or some other sign, the speaker concludes that the person will get sick)
Infinitive after the Present Continuous verb to go can be used in:
Not going to be appointed manager of that department. - He will be appointed (he is going to be appointed) head of this department.
This form of the future tense is used very often in English, so we advise you to understand and master it well.
Share a link to this page on your favorite social network: Send a link to this page to friends| Views 7898 |To express action in the future, the verb is often used instead to go in the form of + the main verb without the particle to = I am/He, she is… going to + infinitive.
Turnover value …to be going to + infinitive – I intend, I intend. I am going to learn English – I am going (intending) to study English.
| Affirmative form | Negative form | Interrogative form | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| I | am going to work | I | am not going to work | Am | I | going to work? |
| he she it |
is going to work | he she it |
is not going to work | Is | he she it |
|
| we you they |
are going to work | we you they |
are not going to work | Are | we you they |
|
Abbreviated forms:
‘m=am
‘re= are
's=is
aren't= are not
isn't= is not
Use of the construction …to be going to + infinitive
1. Action in the future, prerequisites for the accomplishment of which exist in the present.
Examples: Look at those black clouds in the sky. It 's going to rain. – Look at those dark clouds in the sky. It looks like it will rain.
2. Intention to perform an action in the near future (when such a decision has already been made).
Examples: I 'm going to have a shower. - I am going to take a shower.
She 's going to change her job. – She is going to change jobs.
3. In circulation …to be going to + infinitive, the infinitive can be used in the passive voice.
Examples: Don't tell her she is going to be fired. – Don’t tell her she’s going to be fired (she will be fired).
The phrase to be going to is translated into Russian as getting ready to do something. In English speech this phrase occurs very often. The phrase is used to express future intentions that have already been decided. To use this expression correctly, let's look at the situations in which it is used and what the subtleties of this construction are. Many native speakers pronounce the final letter [goingG] in the word going, but in standard English pronunciation they use this transcription [ˈgəʊɪŋ], that is, the G sound is not pronounced.
Formation of the phrase be going to
be going to rules and examples of formation of turnover:
verb To be (am/is/are) going to + Infinitive
-I' m going to study for exams - I'm going to prepare for exams.
—I am going to visit my stepfather this evening - I'm going to visit my stepfather this evening.
For fluent speech, they are often abbreviated with pronouns - I'm, he's, she's.
Forms of sentences of the construction Be going to
You already know that the construction to be going to in English has three sentence forms: affirmative, negative and interrogative. To quickly understand how sentences are built with turnover, we have displayed everything in tables.
Table of formation of affirmative and negative sentences
For affirmative sentences we use the formula:
Subject + the verb to be (am/is/are) + going to + infinitive + rest of sentence.
For negation the formula is the same. Only negative particle not stands after . Negative sentences can be shortened in two ways: He isn’t or He’s not.
| Subject Subject | Positive (statement) | Negative (negation) | base form of the verb base verb form | rest of sentence the rest of the offer |
| I | am going to | am not going to (I’m not) | paint | the kitchen tomorrow. |
| He/She/It | is going to | isn't (is not) going to | ||
| You/We/They | are going to | aren't (are not) going to |
More examples:
—We are going to sing a song at the concert tomorrow - Tomorrow at the concert we will sing a song.
—My parents are going to buy new furniture – My parents are going to buy new furniture.
-I' m not going to Los Angeles for the summer holidays – I will not go to Los Angeles for the summer holidays.
Interrogative form be going to - General question
Interrogative sentences begin with (am, is, are) or (isn’t, aren’t for negative questions), then choose the subject, followed by the phrase + base form of the verb.
| The verb To be | Subject Subject | Turnover going to + verb (verb) | rest of sentence the rest of the offer |
| Am | I | going to see | the dentist tomorrow? |
| Is/Isn't | he/she/it | ||
| Are/Aren't | you/we/they |
Examples:
— Is she going to have another baby? Oh boy, she is crazy – Will she have another child? God, she's crazy.
— Your car is very dirty. Is your son going to wash is it this afternoon? – Your car is very dirty. Is your son going to wash it?
Special question
Wh-questions are questions that require additional information in their answers.
Question words: what, where, when, which, why, who, how, how many, how much.
To form a special question, start the sentence with a question word, then add the desired, subject, phrase and infinitive.
| Wh-word Question word | The verb to be Verb to be | Subject | Turn going to + verb (verb) | rest of sentence |
| Why | am | I | going to watch | the interview with the Queen? |
| is / Isn't | he/she/it | |||
| are/ aren't | you/we/they |
Examples:
— Why isn't he going to buy that computer? – Why doesn’t he buy himself a computer?
— What are you going to do tonight? – What are you going to do tonight?
Uses of be going to
After you have learned how to construct sentences, let's see in what cases you can use our expression today.
- 1. Actions that must be completed in the near future.
Let's look at some examples:
—She' s going to visit her sister tomorrow - Tomorrow she is going to visit her sister.
—Chris is going to take a few days off next week – Chris is going to take a few days off next week.
—I am going to buy a new car tomorrow – I’m going to buy a new car tomorrow.
- 2. Planned actions or intentions.
- We've decided. We are going to get married - We decided. We're going to get married.
-I' m going to meet my husband in town – I’m going to meet my husband in the city.
- No is going to be promoted - He will be promoted. (The boss has already decided so).
- 3. Obvious actions that will happen in the near future:
- Look at the sky! The clouds are so dark! It is going to rain - Look at the sky! The clouds are so dark. It will rain.
- Look out! That dog is going to bite you! - Be careful! This dog will bite you!
- Look at the sun! It' s going to be a wonderful day – Look at the sun! Today will be a wonderful day.
- 4. The design can be used when we order.
(Parent to child)
—You are going to clean up that mess right now! – You will clean up this mess right now!
In such cases, you can use and.
- I'm sorry, you are not taking my iPad.
- 5. We use phrases with such words as markers - in one year, tomorrow, next week, etc.
— We are going to fly to Washington next week– We will fly to Washington next week.
— They are going to have a picnic tomorrow They are going to have a picnic tomorrow.
There are also phrases in English be about to, to be on the point of is translated into Russian exactly the same as the expression be going to(getting ready to do something). Be about to is used when something will happen in the near future. To be on the point of- literary expression.
— Researchers say they are on the point of discovering a new anti-wrinkles cream – Researchers say they are on the verge of discovering a new anti-wrinkles cream.
— The parents are about to arrive - Parents are about to arrive.
In English, with the words go and come, we use , rather than “be going to”.
Example:
— She is going to Costa Rica next month Rather than She is going to go…
You need to rest and relax a little. Watch a video of how native speakers use turnover be going to.
Was going to – Past form
Was going to expresses unfulfilled agreements or plans in the past, or actions that we intended to do, but could not.
Example:
— My first few days in the city were so unpleasant that I was going to move straight back home – My first few days in the city were so unpleasant that I was considering moving back home.
—I was going to quit my job and leave town forever – I was going to quit my job and leave the city forever.
What does “gonna” mean?
When native speakers speak quickly, they often use the shortened form “gonna” instead of the correct form.
For example:
Ralph is dirty. I'm gonna wash him.
It means: I'm going to wash him.
In interrogative sentences, are is omitted with the second person singular (you) and with the first and second person plural (we, you).
Let's look at some more examples:
— Be careful, you're gonna hit the wall - Be careful, you'll hit the wall.
—She's gonna faint- She will faint.
— What we gonna do now? - What do we do now?
- I'm gonna to Manchester tomorrow - I'm going to go to Manchester tomorrow.
— He's gonna work until late tomorrow - Tomorrow he will work late.
- What's she gonna wear on her birthday party? – What is she going to wear for her birthday?
—Which skirt you gonna wear for the party tonight? – What skirt will you wear to the party today?
This shortened form is found very often in informal conversation, for example, with friends. It is not necessary to use these expressions in your speech, but it is very important to recognize them when communicating with native speakers.
But be careful when you use – “ gonna" If you are at an interview or other official event, do not use this form.
But still " gonna” occurs quite often. There are a lot of such abbreviations in English. For example, " Dunno" - it means " I don't know”. “Wanna” – “I want to”.
The contractions Gotta, wanna and gonna have been used regularly in headlines or popular songs since the 1950s or even earlier.
Difference between Future Simple To be going to
As you can see, both sentences express almost the same idea.
To express the same idea, you can use both and be going to. In some cases there is a difference in meaning.
Tense is often used with verbs of motion.
— Are they coming home?
The present continuous tense is mainly used to talk about personal agreements and planned plans. The expression Be going to can also be used to express the same idea; however, it places additional emphasis on intention.
-I' m going to get a new job - I'm going to find a new job. (I intend to find a new job)
-I' m getting a new job - I will have a new job. (This has already been decided/arranged. The emphasis here is on agreement).
-I' m visiting grandparents tomorrow – (Here the emphasis is on an already existing agreement).
-I' m going to ask her to stop borrowing my clothes - I will ask her to stop taking my things. (Speaker's intention).
Usually not used when we are talking about things that we cannot control.
Example:
- Look out! The ladder is going to fall.
- It' s going to snow.
The expression Be going to is used only for future events. can also be used for actions that are happening right now.
To be going to Exercises on the topic covered.
Let's begin exercises on the topic covered and consolidate the material. We invite you to do interesting exercises yourself with translation into English and take online testing.
Exercise 1. Translate the sentences into English using the correct tenses you learned in this article.
1. He is going to clean his room.
2. We are going to hang pictures on the walls.
3.Is Sarah going to watch the football match tonight?
4. They will buy a new carpet.
5. Look! It is snowing!
6. We rent a parking space.
7. Is she going to wear a red dress?
8. We will plant trees.
9. My mother will turn 45 next week.
10. Where are they going to sleep?
11. We will go to London.
12. Maria, I love you so much. Will you marry me?
13. I'm not going to sing at the concert tonight.
14. I'm not entirely sure yet, but we'll probably move to Liverpool.
15. Now that he has moved to a big house, he is going to make a swimming pool in his garden. He saved for this for months.
16. Are you going to play chess today?
17. I think he will become a good doctor.
18. You will regret this!
19. Back! The bomb is about to explode.
20. My car won't start.
Even those who have never studied English know that go- this is “to go”. But not everything is as simple as it seems, because the verb go not always used in this meaning. In this article we will not consider the numerous semantic meanings of the verb go (of which, by the way, there are more than forty), nor will we understand stable combinations with the verb go (the number of which is difficult to imagine). In this article we will talk about the going to construction, which, although it includes a verb form go, serves to express completely different meanings.
So when we first see the design be going to in a sentence, the first thought is ordinary. For example:
I am going to buy a new camera.
Those who are not yet familiar with the design functions going to, will be translated like this: I'm going to buy a new camera (right now). Everything seems logical, there are no doubts about the correctness of the translation.
However, when additional information appears, it becomes more difficult:
He is going to publish his new book next year.
The scientists are going to launch a new space project soon.
In fact, everything is simple, you just need to understand one rule: no one goes anywhere!
Going to- a construction that is used to express plans, intentions, and forecasts for the future. Respectively:
I am going to buy a new camera. - I'm going to buy a new camera.
He is going to publish his new book next year. - He is going to publish a new book next year.
The scientists are going to launch a new space project soon. - Scientists are soon planning to launch a new space program.
Before we look in detail at the functions of the construction and its grammatical features, let's remember once and for all how to distinguish it from other forms. Let's compare two sentences:
I am going to school now.
I am going to meet my friends tomorrow.
In the first sentence, going to is followed by a noun, therefore, to- a preposition of movement that indicates the direction where I am actually going now.
In the second sentence after going there is an infinitive with a particle to, that is, a verb. This verb shows what I am going to do.
And of course, don’t forget about the context! He is your indispensable assistant, because sometimes only context allows you to fully understand the meaning of a statement.
Now let's talk more about forms.
The construction be going to is always preceded by a verb to be, and, as is known, it changes according to gender and number:
I am going to tell you about my last holiday. - I'm going to tell you about my last vacation.
She is going to call you today. - She's going to call you today.
They are going to sell their car. - They are going to sell their car.
If someone is not going to do something, a negative form is built. To the verb to be a negative particle is added not:
I am not going to read this book. - I'm not going to read this book.
He is not going to play with us. - He's not going to play with us.
We are not going to discuss this question. - We are not going to discuss this issue.
And finally, to ask a question, verb to be moves to the beginning of the sentence:
In addition, the construction be going to is notable for the fact that it can be used in the past tense. To do this, remember that in the past tense the verb to be has only two forms: was And were. And affirmative, negative and interrogative statements are built on the same principle:
I was going to ask you out. - I was going to invite you somewhere.
It was going to rain so I took my umbrella. - It was going to rain, so I took an umbrella.
We were going to have a picnic by the river. - We were going to have a picnic by the river.
I was not going to buy new shoes. I don"t know how it happened! - I wasn’t going to buy new shoes. I don’t know how it happened!
She was not going to help us. - She wasn't going to help us.
They were not going to listen to me. - They weren't going to listen to me.
Everything is clear with the forms, now it’s time to learn about the meanings of the be going to construction:
1. Planned actions (Plans).
Use be going to when talking about what you have planned, what you want to do in the future. Be going to used more in informal communication; in more formal situations the verb to plan is used.
What are you going to do on holiday? - I am going to visit my parents and spend some time in the countryside. - What are you going to do on vacation? I'm going to visit my parents and spend a few days out of town.
They were going to leave, but I persuaded them to stay. - They intended to leave, but I convinced them to stay.
2. Decisions and Intentions.
If you use be going to, your interlocutor understands that you made the decision in advance, not at the time of the conversation. Be going to also serves to express intentions:
Jim and Mary are going to get married. - Jim and Mary are going (decided) to get married.
He is going to become a lawyer like his father. - He is going (intends) to become a lawyer, like his father.
3. Predictions Based on Evidence.
This formulation may not be entirely clear. Let's look at an example. You look out the window and see black clouds and hear thunder. What prediction will you make? Most likely you will say: “Now it’s going to rain (And as always, I’m without an umbrella!)”.
To express such an assumption in English, you will have to use nothing more than the construction be going to:
It is going to rain.
Or you notice a person slipping on the street and about to fall. You say:
He is going to fall.
Be going to should be used to express actions that are certain to happen in the near future, which we can judge from what we see and hear.
Please note that in sentences with be going to the subject may be inanimate, e.g. it:
It is going to snow. - It will snow.
These are the three main meanings of the be going to construction in which it is used most often. If your level is average, even above average, then these values will be quite enough for you to communicate. For an advanced level, you can add a couple more.
4. Commands.
Be going to is sometimes used to insist that someone do something, or, conversely, not do it:
You are not going to wear this dress! - You will not wear this dress!
You are going to stay at home whether you want it or not. - You will stay at home whether you like it or not.
5. Failures (Refusals).
In Russian, if we really don’t want to do something, we say: “I’m not going to do it!” So, in English it’s the same story, if you flatly refuse to do something, you can say: "I am not going to do it!". This sentence sounds very emotional and even a little rude, so be careful and use it appropriately so as not to offend anyone:
I am not going to do your work! You get paid for it! - I'm not going to do your job! You get paid for it!
I am not going to solve your problems! You"ve made your bed, now you can lie on it! - I'm not going to solve your problems! You made the mess, so you can sort it out yourself!
It is important to remember that the construction be going to is not used with verbs go And come, as well as with some other verbs denoting movement. Instead of going to, use these verbs:
I am going to the seaside tomorrow. (NOT am going to go) - I am going/going to the sea tomorrow.
My friends are coming for dinner on Sunday. (NOT are going to come) - My friends are going to come/are coming for dinner on Sunday.
I would also like to note that in conversational communication the pronunciation of going to is often simplified to gonna ["g(ə)nə]. In films and songs you have repeatedly heard: I'm gonna, You're gonna and so on. So, know that gonna is an informal, colloquial version of the construction going to. In negatives, the auxiliary verb to be (am not, are not, is not) is also “simplified” and pronounced as . Read more about abbreviations.
Bon Jovi in his song It's My Life sings the following:
It's my life
It's now or never
I ain't gonna live forever
This is my life
Now or never
I won't live forever.
A very good idea, by the way! It's worth heeding Bon Jovi's advice:
Improve your English with us! Subscribe to our newsletter, join us
