And other countries.
The largest US government-funded international educational exchange program, the Fulbright Program was created to improve understanding between the people of the United States and the people of other countries. In pursuit of this goal, the Fulbright Program has provided more than 300,000 of its members, selected for their scientific potential and leadership qualities, the opportunity to get acquainted with the work of political, economic and cultural organizations in other countries, exchange ideas and initiate joint projects for the common benefit of the peoples of the world. . The Fulbright Program is administered by the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs of the US Department of State. Since the Program's inception, 46,800 foreign scientists have conducted research or taught at US universities and more than 45,200 US scientists have done similar work abroad. Each year, the Fulbright Program awards about 800 grants to scientists who come to the US from other countries. Currently, the Fulbright Program operates in 155 countries around the world.
The main source of funding for the Fulbright Program is the annual appropriations allocated by the US Congress to the Department of State. Participating governments, host universities in foreign countries and the United States also contribute financially to the program, either as part of the costs or indirectly through lecturer salary increases, tuition waivers, or university housing.
Provides international educational exchanges for students, scientists, teachers, professionals and artists. On a competitive basis, it provides grants to both American and foreign (including Russian) students, scientists and researchers. Stimulates "cross" education, in particular, American students abroad, and foreign - in the United States. The Fulbright Program is one of the most prestigious award programs in the world among its kind, it operates in more than 155 countries, in 50 of which there are special commissions that manage the program, and where there are none, it is overseen by the Information and Cultural Section of the US Embassy.
43 Fulbright alumni have received Nobel Prizes (including two in 2010 - Peter Diamond and Eiichi Negishi), 28 MacArthur Foundation grants and 78 Pulitzer Prize winners.
Much has been done within the framework of the program in terms of bringing Russian and American researchers closer together. However, such cooperation programs often raise concerns about the "brain drain" in the United States and are a topic for discussion of Russian-American relations. According to Natalia Smirnova, Deputy Director of the Fulbright Program in Russia:
The Fulbright Program annually provides about 8,000 grants, as of 2010, the number of participants since its inception has reached 300,000.
"J. William Foreign Scholarship Council The Fulbright Institute (FSB), which is composed of 12 leaders of educational institutions and public organizations appointed by the President of the United States, determines the policy of the Program, establishes selection criteria, and approves applicants nominated for a grant.
Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs US State Department develops measures to ensure the implementation objectives of the program, and in cooperation with commissions and foundations for education, implements the program in 51 countries of the world where there are existing agreements with the United States on the conduct of exchange programs. In 90 countries that do not have such an agreement, US embassies provide assistance in carrying out the program. In the United States, the program is facilitated by a number of supporting agencies.
Bilateral interethnic commissions and funds in cooperation with universities and organizations of the host country, they draw up an annual plan for conducting exchanges. They also pre-screen candidates for their exchange programs for student and teaching grants, conduct interviews, and recommend deserving applicants to the J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Council. In countries where such commissions and funds do not exist, the US Embassy's Department of Culture determines the policy of the Program and oversees its implementation.
"Council for International Exchanges of Scientists" (CIES), under a cooperation agreement with the State Department, implements the Fulbright Program for university teachers and scientists. "Council for International Exchanges of Scientists" is part of Institute of International Education (IIE) and closely cooperates with the largest educational institutions in the field of humanities, social and natural sciences. CIES provides support to educators and scientists based in the US under a Fulbright grant.
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Famous Alumni
see also
- A.F.S.
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Notes
Links
- on the website of the Bureau of Educational and Cultural Affairs, U.S. Department of State
- , website of the Institute of International Education (English)
- , Institute of International Education website
An excerpt characterizing the Fulbright Program
- They brought that everyone to die ... robbers! he said again, and stepped off the porch.Alpatych shook his head and went up the stairs. In the waiting room were merchants, women, officials, silently exchanging glances among themselves. The door to the office opened, everyone got up and moved forward. An official ran out of the door, talked something to the merchant, called behind him a fat official with a cross around his neck, and disappeared again through the door, apparently avoiding all the looks and questions addressed to him. Alpatych moved forward and at the next exit of the official, laying his hand on his buttoned frock coat, turned to the official, giving him two letters.
“To Mr. Baron Ash from the general chief prince Bolkonsky,” he announced so solemnly and significantly that the official turned to him and took his letter. A few minutes later the governor received Alpatych and hurriedly said to him:
- Report to the prince and princess that I didn’t know anything: I acted according to higher orders - that’s ...
He gave the paper to Alpatych.
“And yet, since the prince is unwell, my advice is for them to go to Moscow. I'm on my own now. Report ... - But the governor did not finish: a dusty and sweaty officer ran in the door and began to say something in French. Horror appeared on the Governor's face.
“Go,” he said, nodding his head to Alpatych, and began to ask the officer something. Greedy, frightened, helpless looks turned to Alpatych when he left the governor's office. Involuntarily listening now to the close and ever-increasing shots, Alpatych hurried to the inn. The paper given by Governor Alpatych was as follows:
“I assure you that the city of Smolensk does not yet face the slightest danger, and it is unbelievable that it would be threatened by it. I am on one side, and Prince Bagration on the other side, we are going to unite in front of Smolensk, which will take place on the 22nd, and both armies with combined forces will defend their compatriots in the province entrusted to you, until their efforts remove the enemies of the fatherland from them or until they are exterminated in their brave ranks to the last warrior. You see from this that you have the perfect right to reassure the inhabitants of Smolensk, for whoever defends with two such brave troops can be sure of their victory. (Order of Barclay de Tolly to the civil governor of Smolensk, Baron Ash, 1812.)
People moved restlessly through the streets.
Carts loaded on horseback with household utensils, chairs, cabinets kept leaving the gates of the houses and driving through the streets. In the neighboring house of Ferapontov, wagons stood and, saying goodbye, the women howled and sentenced. The mongrel dog, barking, twirled in front of the pawned horses.
Alpatych, with a more hasty step than he usually walked, entered the yard and went straight under the shed to his horses and wagon. The coachman was asleep; he woke him up, ordered him to lay the bed, and went into the passage. In the master's room one could hear a child's cry, the woman's shattering sobs, and Ferapontov's angry, hoarse cry. The cook, like a frightened chicken, fluttered in the passage as soon as Alpatych entered.
- Killed him to death - he beat the mistress! .. So he beat, so dragged! ..
- For what? Alpatych asked.
- I asked to go. It's a woman's business! Take me away, he says, do not destroy me with small children; the people, they say, all left, what, they say, are we? How to start beating. So beat, so dragged!
Alpatych, as it were, nodded approvingly at these words and, not wanting to know anything else, went to the opposite door - the master's room, in which his purchases remained.
“You are a villain, a destroyer,” a thin, pale woman with a child in her arms and a handkerchief torn from her head shouted at that moment, bursting out of the door and running down the stairs to the courtyard. Ferapontov went out after her and, seeing Alpatych, straightened his waistcoat and hair, yawned and went into the room after Alpatych.
- Do you want to go? - he asked.
Without answering the question and not looking back at the owner, sorting through his purchases, Alpatych asked how long the owner followed the wait.
- Let's count! Well, did the governor have one? Ferapontov asked. - What was the decision?
Alpatych replied that the governor did not say anything decisively to him.
- Shall we go away on our business? Ferapontov said. - Give me seven rubles for a cart to Dorogobuzh. And I say: there is no cross on them! - he said.
- Selivanov, he pleased on Thursday, sold flour to the army at nine rubles per bag. So, are you going to drink tea? he added. While the horses were being laid, Alpatych and Ferapontov drank tea and talked about the price of bread, about the harvest and the favorable weather for harvesting.
“However, it began to calm down,” Ferapontov said, having drunk three cups of tea and getting up, “ours must have taken it.” They said they won't let me. So, strength ... And a mixture, they said, Matvey Ivanovich Platov drove them into the Marina River, drowned eighteen thousand, or something, in one day.
Alpatych collected his purchases, handed them over to the coachman who entered, and paid off with the owner. At the gate sounded the sound of wheels, hooves and bells of a wagon leaving.
It was already well past noon; half of the street was in shade, the other was brightly lit by the sun. Alpatych looked out the window and went to the door. Suddenly, a strange sound of distant whistling and impact was heard, and after that there was a merging rumble of cannon fire, from which the windows trembled.
Alpatych went out into the street; two people ran down the street to the bridge. Whistles, cannonballs and the bursting of grenades falling in the city were heard from different directions. But these sounds were almost inaudible and did not pay the attention of the inhabitants in comparison with the sounds of firing heard outside the city. It was a bombardment, which at the fifth hour Napoleon ordered to open the city, from one hundred and thirty guns. At first, the people did not understand the significance of this bombardment.
The sounds of falling grenades and cannonballs aroused at first only curiosity. Ferapontov's wife, who had not stopped howling under the barn before, fell silent and, with the child in her arms, went out to the gate, silently looking at the people and listening to the sounds.
The cook and the shopkeeper came out to the gate. All with cheerful curiosity tried to see the shells flying over their heads. Several people came out from around the corner, talking animatedly.
- That's strength! one said. - And the roof and ceiling were so smashed to pieces.
“It blew up the earth like a pig,” said another. - That's so important, that's so cheered up! he said laughing. - Thank you, jumped back, otherwise she would have smeared you.
The people turned to these people. They paused and told how, near by, their cores had got into the house. Meanwhile, other shells, sometimes with a quick, gloomy whistle - cannonballs, then with a pleasant whistle - grenades, did not stop flying over the heads of the people; but not a single shell fell close, everything endured. Alpatych got into the wagon. The owner was at the gate.
- What did not see! he shouted at the cook, who, with her sleeves rolled up, in a red skirt, swaying with her bare elbows, went to the corner to listen to what was being said.
“What a miracle,” she said, but, hearing the voice of the owner, she returned, tugging at her tucked-up skirt.
Again, but very close this time, something whistled like a bird flying from top to bottom, a fire flashed in the middle of the street, something shot and covered the street with smoke.
"Villain, why are you doing this?" shouted the host, running up to the cook.
At the same instant, women wailed plaintively from different directions, a child began to cry in fright, and people silently crowded around the cook with pale faces. From this crowd, the groans and sentences of the cook were heard most audibly:
- Oh, oh, my darlings! My doves are white! Don't let die! My doves are white! ..
Five minutes later there was no one left on the street. The cook, with her thigh shattered by a grenade fragment, was carried into the kitchen. Alpatych, his coachman, Ferapontov's wife with children, the janitor were sitting in the basement, listening. The rumble of guns, the whistle of shells, and the pitiful groan of the cook, which prevailed over all sounds, did not stop for a moment. The hostess now rocked and persuaded the child, then in a pitiful whisper asked everyone who entered the basement where her master was, who remained on the street. The shopkeeper, who entered the basement, told her that the owner had gone with the people to the cathedral, where they were raising the miraculous Smolensk icon.
By dusk, the cannonade began to subside. Alpatych came out of the basement and stopped at the door. Before a clear evening, the sky was all covered with smoke. And through this smoke a young, high-standing sickle of the moon shone strangely. After the former terrible rumble of guns had fallen silent over the city, silence seemed to be interrupted only by the rustle of steps, groans, distant screams and the crackle of fires, as it were spread throughout the city. The groans of the cook are now quiet. From both sides, black clouds of smoke from fires rose and dispersed. On the street, not in rows, but like ants from a ruined tussock, in different uniforms and in different directions, soldiers passed and ran through. In the eyes of Alpatych, several of them ran into Ferapontov's yard. Alpatych went to the gate. Some regiment, crowding and hurrying, blocked the street, going back.
“The city is being surrendered, leave, leave,” the officer who noticed his figure said to him and immediately turned to the soldiers with a cry:
- I'll let you run around the yards! he shouted.
Alpatych returned to the hut and, calling the coachman, ordered him to leave. Following Alpatych and the coachman, all Ferapontov's household went out. Seeing the smoke and even the lights of the fires, which were now visible in the beginning twilight, the women, who had been silent until then, suddenly began to wail, looking at the fires. As if echoing them, similar cries were heard at the other ends of the street. Alpatych with a coachman, with trembling hands, straightened the tangled reins and horses' lines under a canopy.
When Alpatych was leaving the gate, he saw ten soldiers in the open shop of Ferapontov pouring sacks and knapsacks with wheat flour and sunflowers with a loud voice. At the same time, returning from the street to the shop, Ferapontov entered. Seeing the soldiers, he wanted to shout something, but suddenly stopped and, clutching his hair, burst out laughing with sobbing laughter.
- Get it all, guys! Don't get the devils! he shouted, grabbing the sacks himself and throwing them out into the street. Some soldiers, frightened, ran out, some continued to pour. Seeing Alpatych, Ferapontov turned to him.
- Decided! Russia! he shouted. - Alpatych! decided! I'll burn it myself. I made up my mind ... - Ferapontov ran into the yard.
Soldiers were constantly walking along the street, filling it all up, so that Alpatych could not pass and had to wait. The hostess Ferapontova was also sitting on the cart with the children, waiting to be able to leave.
It was already quite night. There were stars in the sky and a young moon shone from time to time, shrouded in smoke. On the descent to the Dnieper, the carts of Alpatych and the hostess, slowly moving in the ranks of soldiers and other crews, had to stop. Not far from the crossroads where the carts stopped, in an alley, a house and shops were on fire. The fire has already burned out. The flame either died away and was lost in black smoke, then it suddenly flashed brightly, strangely clearly illuminating the faces of the crowded people standing at the crossroads. In front of the fire, black figures of people flashed by, and from behind the incessant crackle of the fire, voices and screams were heard. Alpatych, who got down from the wagon, seeing that they would not let his wagon through soon, turned to the alley to look at the fire. The soldiers darted incessantly back and forth past the fire, and Alpatych saw how two soldiers and with them a man in a frieze overcoat dragged burning logs from the fire across the street to the neighboring yard; others carried armfuls of hay.
Alpatych approached a large crowd of people standing in front of a high barn burning with full fire. The walls were all on fire, the back collapsed, the boarded roof collapsed, the beams were on fire. Obviously, the crowd was waiting for the moment when the roof would collapse. Alpatych expected the same.
- Alpatych! Suddenly a familiar voice called out to the old man.
“Father, your excellency,” answered Alpatych, instantly recognizing the voice of his young prince.
Prince Andrei, in a raincoat, riding a black horse, stood behind the crowd and looked at Alpatych.
– How are you here? - he asked.
- Your ... your Excellency, - Alpatych said and sobbed ... - Yours, yours ... or have we already disappeared? Father…
– How are you here? repeated Prince Andrew.
The flame flared brightly at that moment and illuminated Alpatych's pale and exhausted face of his young master. Alpatych told how he was sent and how he could have left by force.
“Well, Your Excellency, or are we lost?” he asked again.
Prince Andrei, without answering, took out a notebook and, raising his knee, began to write with a pencil on a torn sheet. He wrote to his sister:
“Smolensk is being surrendered,” he wrote, “the Bald Mountains will be occupied by the enemy in a week. Leave now for Moscow. Answer me as soon as you leave, sending a courier to Usvyazh.
Having written and handed over the sheet to Alpatych, he verbally told him how to arrange the departure of the prince, princess and son with the teacher and how and where to answer him immediately. He had not yet had time to complete these orders, when the chief of staff on horseback, accompanied by his retinue, galloped up to him.
- Are you a colonel? shouted the chief of staff, with a German accent, in a voice familiar to Prince Andrei. - Houses are lit in your presence, and you are standing? What does this mean? You will answer, - shouted Berg, who was now assistant chief of staff of the left flank of the infantry troops of the first army, - the place is very pleasant and in sight, as Berg said.
Prince Andrei looked at him and, without answering, continued, turning to Alpatych:
“So tell me that I’m waiting for an answer by the tenth, and if I don’t get the news on the tenth that everyone has left, I myself will have to drop everything and go to the Bald Mountains.
Studying at American universities, for which the student does not pay a penny, is precisely such an opportunity that the Fulbright Academic Exchange Program provides. Participants from 155 countries can apply for the scholarship, including Ukraine and Russia. The selection system is rather complicated, and all its stages take about a year. Moreover, there is also an additional list of conditions. ForumDaily found students and graduates of the program who assure that it is quite possible to win a grant, and for this it is absolutely not necessary to be a genius. The main thing is to have time to submit documents on time: until May 15 for Russians, and until May 17 for Ukrainians.
Artur Denisenko is studying alternative energy under the Fulbright program. Photo: their personal archive
For almost a year, Artur Denisenko, a resident of Kiev, has been living in the state of Delaware. At a local university, he studies alternative energy and can talk for hours about his student days. The guy says that he has never studied so much in his life. And I've never enjoyed it so much.
“The workload is just huge, I have, in fact, only half of Friday and Saturday are free, and I study the rest of the time. Due to lack of time, I even recently deactivated Facebook, ”says Artur.
He is currently completing the first year of his two-year Fulbright master's degree. The grant, which is financed from the American budget, covers everything for the guy: studies, accommodation, insurance, flights from Ukraine and back, plus there is a scholarship, which, as Arthur assures, is more than enough for him.
What is the Fulbright Program
A unique opportunity for students, researchers, scientists and teachers from all over the world has existed since 1946. Then Arkansas Senator James Fulbright proposed the creation of an international scientific exchange program. Congress supported the initiative and agreed to fund it. The scholarship was named after Fulbright himself, and since then more than 300,000 participants from all over the world have taken advantage of it. The most popular category is the undergraduate and graduate program, which allows you to complete a master's degree in the United States.
The selection process for this grant can be roughly divided into four stages. First you need to fill out an application on the site and submit a set of documents. Next, the applicant is waiting for an interview, then passing the TOEFL and GRE exams, after them - admission to the university. In general, the procedure stretches for almost a year.
“When I applied, I had the feeling that it was simply unrealistic - so many conditions, and such a long process,” Arthur admits. But in reality, he says, everything turned out to be much simpler: if you clearly know what exactly you want and follow all the instructions. They can be found on the official Fulbright website in your country, which is easy to access through the main page of the program.
Stage one: application form, collection of documents and selection of universities
Artur says: you need to fill out the questionnaire online, and you don’t have to do it all at once - you can just save the results and continue, for example, the next day. In addition to personal data, two essays are required here, which should convince the commission that you are the one who deserves a scholarship.
“It is important not just to have a desire - they say, I want to go to study and let it be the States, because there is a cool and good education. No, that will not do. You really need to understand why this particular direction, specifically the USA, and this particular university, ”says Lyudmila Lompas, a resident of Kiev, who graduated from Fulbright two years ago.
She studied at the same university as Arthur, majoring in economics. The girl assures: if the collection of documents is a technical process, then the essay needs to be thoroughly worked on. She even went to a special seminar organized by Fulbright's Ukrainian office, where they explained in detail all the requirements for applicants. However, you can find requirements for an essay on the Internet.
“In the first essay, you describe yourself and your so-called life path. You also explain why you need a Fulbright. The volume is no more than two pages, ”Arthur clarifies .
In the second, you need to provide a research topic and explain how the acquired knowledge will help your professional development. “In Ukraine, I studied banking and definitely chose the direction - monetary economics. My whole essay was about this, ”adds Lyudmila.
Also in the questionnaire you will need to indicate three universities and programs that are of interest to you. And this, according to Lyudmila, is the most difficult thing to do, because there are hundreds of colleges in America.
“We were told not to look at the Ivy League right away. (an association of eight private American universities, which are considered one of the most prestigious in the country - ForumDaily) and choose more modest universities. At first I had a list of a hundred, then of twenty, as a result, I narrowed it down to three. It took two weeks, ”the girl continues.
Another important item is letters of recommendation. There should be three of them, and always in English. Your reviewers themselves register on the site and give you a description, so you won’t be able to write flattering words about yourself. “I had letters from the university, from the employer, and one from an external organization with which I collaborated on work,” says Artur.
The deadline for submitting the entire package of documents is May 15 for Russians and May 17 for Ukrainians.
Interview: “show your wild interest”
If a candidate passes to the second level, in the summer he receives a letter with an invitation to an interview. You need to come to it in person at the Fulbright office in your country. Arthur knew in advance that the interview would be in English. “I didn’t sleep half the night before that, thinking about how everything would go. But in fact, when you enter the audience, time flies by unnoticed, ”the guy continues. There were 10 people in the commission, and everyone asked questions that were only on the topic of the study, so Artur gave answers easily.
“They want to see that you are really sick of it, they are sharpened by looking at the real motivation of a person, so you have to show your “wild” interest,” the guy explains.
TOEFL and GRE exams: there are several attempts and the program pays for the exams
This is the third stage, the semi-finals. Those who have passed through the previous two tests will have to pass an English language test - TOEFL and a mandatory exam for admission to a master's program - GRE from the end of December.
“They tell you what the minimum score you must score in order to pass on. But even if you gain it, then, most likely, you will be sent to take the exam again to improve the result, ”says Artur. And, importantly, all attempts are paid from the program budget, and not from the candidate's pocket.
Arthur passed TOEFL three times, GRE two times, each attempt turned out to be better than the previous one. During the exams, he took all his vacation and prepared intensively. He says that it was easier with the English language test, but he had to work hard on the GRE. “It consists of both a mathematical part and a linguistic part. I myself am a humanist and was sure that the first one would be very difficult for me. But it turned out the opposite. The most difficult part, and for everyone, is vocabulary, where knowledge of 4,000 thousand words is checked, which even English-speaking people do not always know and use, ”says the guy. Arthur sent the scores to Fulbright's office each time, and when they were finally satisfied with the scores, the exams were over for him.
University choice and admission: we dream about Harvard, but we look at colleges more modestly
Each candidate indicates the list of desirable universities in the questionnaire. But only at this stage they begin to look at them in more detail in order to select several to which documents will be sent. “The fact that you won at Fulbright does not mean anything at this stage, because you have not yet been accepted to the university,” says Arthur. Representatives of the Fulbright office, together with the candidate, decide where it is better to do. And it may happen that the list of colleges, in the end, will be completely different than in the profile of a future student. So, for example, it was with Lyudmila.
“There is already a process of discussion going on - what the applicant agrees to, and what the program can offer. With all the power of a simple Google search, I certainly knew less about education in the US than the Fulbright experts. They clearly recommended to me those universities and programs that might be of interest to me, ”says the girl.
In addition, she was immediately warned that the likelihood of getting into Ivy League universities is very small, since studying at Harvard or Stanford is expensive, and for this money the program can send two students to study at more modest colleges.
In any case, the list of universities is agreed with the candidate. And often the college itself can offer a scholarship to its potential student. So, for example, it happened with Arthur - he entered all three universities where he applied, and two of them offered to partially cover the cost of education. “For the program, this means savings on which they can send another candidate to study.”
Everything for the student, scientist, researcher
“Paradise for those who love to study,” is how Ludmila briefly describes her master's program in America. She says that in two years she learned not only what she was driving for, but also much more. The opportunity to go to lectures as a “free listener”, the availability of materials and university life - the girl recalls all this with nostalgia.
Tatyana Yaroshenko, vice-president of one of the best universities in Ukraine, the Kiev-Mohyla Academy, absolutely agrees with her. She twice traveled to the States as a scientist through the Fulbright program: she wrote a dissertation at Yale and a scientific monograph at Columbia University.
“It's not just research in good libraries. It turns a person 360 degrees. It gives you the opportunity to understand your level, compare it with the level of colleagues, ”she says.
Now Tatyana is the head of the Ukrainian Fulbright Circle, a charitable organization that brings together all the graduates of the country's program - more than 900 people.
“There are no former Fulbright students,” we repeat this all the time, because whoever became a fellow at least once, did research, worked with colleagues, studied at the best American universities, will certainly remain faithful to this program forever, ” she continues. The purpose of their organization is to support graduates and common projects. For example, now they are organizing a summer school for students from universities transferred from the East of Ukraine, who were located where the hostilities are now taking place.
Tatyana says: last year they conducted a survey on how satisfied the graduates are with the Fulbright program. 87% answered absolutely in the affirmative, while only one percent of the respondents were categorically dissatisfied. The teacher assures that there are no unemployed among the Fulbrights, and this scholarship, without exaggeration, changes lives. At the same time, she insists: the program is not for geniuses, but for people who clearly know what and where they want to learn.
“I am an absolutely ordinary average person and I can say without exaggeration that this is a very transparent and fair competition. Getting a scholarship is real, it all depends on the ambitions of the person. There is no need to be afraid,” she says.
Arthur agrees with her. He says he never had a red diploma, and he applied for a Fulbright master's program not in his main university specialty. By first education, he is a political scientist, which is very far from alternative energy, which he is currently studying. Nevertheless, everything worked out. He has already found himself a summer internship at an American company and says that the university gives him exactly the knowledge he was counting on.
The transfer of USE scores is made after the primary result is calculated, based on the approved scale, it is converted into test scores.
They play an important role when entering a university and are recorded in the certificate of passing the exam.
Those who finish the 11th grade and are preparing to enter a university are especially interested in learning how the USE score is translated.
Hundreds of thousands of students undergo this procedure every year. To obtain a certificate, it is enough to pass only two subjects - mathematics and Russian.
The rest of the subjects - and a total of 14 of them - are taken on a voluntary basis, depending on the chosen university.
In order for the results to be displayed in the certificate, the graduate needs to score more than the established minimum points.
How are the results of the exam evaluated
The results of the exam are evaluated by the commission and translated into a 100-point system.
There is an algorithm for converting these amounts into more familiar estimates. Officially, this method has not been used since 2009.
But if you wish, you can familiarize yourself with the scale for transferring USE marks.
The evaluation of the results is carried out in two stages:
- by the number of completed tasks, the student is given a primary score. It consists of the sum for all tasks performed correctly;
- then the primary USE scores are translated into test scores. This figure is fixed in the USE certificate and plays an important role for admission to the university. Below is a translation table for the math exam.
Important: the scale is designed taking into account the complexity of the tasks.
Up-to-date information on the exam can always be obtained on the portal http://ege.edu.ru/ru.
What is the minimum score
To receive a USE certificate, a student needs to score more than the established minimum limit in Russian and mathematics.
It is determined annually for each individual subject. In fact, the minimum score is the equivalent of a three.
This result reflects that the student has satisfactorily mastered the curriculum.
Minimum score:
- Determines the issuance of a certificate of passing the exam.
- It is set for each subject annually after passing the exam and before the results are published.
At the end of 2016, in order to obtain a certificate, it was necessary to obtain at least 36 test points in the Russian language.
In mathematics, this limit is 3, and in the profile level - 27.
The difference between primary scores and test scores
When evaluating the results of passing the exam, the primary amount is first set. Then these USE 2017 scores are transferred to test scores.
They are determined on a 100-point scale. This score will be in the USE certificate if it is above the minimum.
When calculating points, the algorithm is as follows:
- For each correctly completed task, one or more points are awarded.
- At the end, the sum for the entire work is calculated.
- The primary USE scores are being translated.
Regarding test scores, they are calculated on a 100-point system. But the amount of primary may differ for different items.
For example, in mathematics, you can get 30 primary points, and for foreign languages this limit is 80.
The assessment of the task depends on its complexity. For the tasks of part B, one primary point is awarded for the correct answer.
For part C, there are several options: for tasks 1 and 2, 2 primary points are awarded, the correct answer to question 3 and 4 immediately gives 3, and tasks 5 and 6 will add 4 points to the student's result.
USE scores and grades
Although there is an approximate scale for converting USE scores into grades familiar to all students, since 2009 this system has not been applied.
The refusal to transfer to grades is due to the fact that the amount of points does not affect the indicator in the certificate. It is fixed in a separate certificate.
In the event that a student scored less than the minimum result in one of the compulsory subjects, neither a certificate nor a high school diploma will be issued to him.
If this is a subject from those that are surrendered on a voluntary basis, the result simply will not be counted anywhere.
If an unsatisfactory grade was obtained according to the results of the exam, what should I do? It all depends on what subject.
- If the number of points scored is below the minimum in mathematics or in the Russian language, you can retake the exam in the same year on one of the reserve days.
- When an unsatisfactory grade is obtained immediately in both subjects, retake is possible only for the next year.
- If you did not manage to score enough points in an optional subject, you can retake the exam only next year. An unsatisfactory result will not be reflected in any document. In fact, everything will look as if the graduate did not pass this exam at all.
Depending on the subject, a retake is possible either in the same year on reserve days, or in the next.
Thus, if a student has not passed mathematics at the basic level, he can use the reserve days.
And if a low score was obtained based on the results of the profile level, retake will be possible only after a year.
What to do if the graduate does not agree with the assessment
If the graduate is sure that his work deserves a higher rating, he has the right to file an appeal.
In such a situation, the work will be re-considered by the conflict commission.
There are two possible outcomes. When a score seems low, the student can either be given points or points taken down.
Important: according to the results of the Unified State Examination in 2010, of all the appeals filed, the third part was satisfied.
The first two parts of the exam are tested without human intervention. The possibility of errors cannot be ruled out.
The reason for this may be illegible handwriting and similar circumstances.
If it appears that the grade is low, students file an appeal.
What is the exam
The general text of the task consists of three parts.
- Part A is in the form of a test. Of the four proposed answers, the graduate must choose one correct one.
- In part B, the following types of tasks are possible: writing a one-word answer, choosing several correct options, or establishing correspondence.
- In part C, the student is asked to give a detailed answer to the question.
Depending on the type of task, the verification process is different. The first two parts are checked automatically. Responses are scanned by the system and scored.
This process takes place without human intervention. Upon completion of the test, the results are sent to the testing center located in Moscow.
Part C is evaluated by two independent experts. If the results match, this total is set.
If a slight discrepancy is found after evaluation, the average result is displayed.
With a noticeable inconsistency, a third specialist is appointed.
After the verification is completed, all data is sent to a single testing center. There they are processed and fixed in the database.
From there they are sent to the schools where the exam was taken.
How do USE scores affect college admissions?
In order to apply for admission to a university, graduates need to take the exam.
In total, you can apply to 5 universities, in each of them no more than three specialties.
The application is prepared in writing and handed over personally or sent by mail.
If the second option is selected, you will need to issue a registered letter with a description of the attachment, as well as a notification of receipt.
To find out if the application was approved, you need to go to the official website of the university.
When the acceptance of documents is completed, a list of those who apply for enrollment is laid out there. Their results of passing the exam are also given there.
Enrollment takes place in two waves.
- When the first list is published, a few days are allotted for applicants to provide the originals of their documents (in most cases they send copies).
- If the deadline for submitting documents has expired, but there are still vacancies, a second list is prepared.
To enter the university, you will need the following package of documents:
- an application for admission;
- certified copies of the certificate and identity document;
- a form with a list of points scored according to the results of the exam;
- photographs (their size and number are established by the rules of the university).
Other documents may be requested from the applicant. For more information, please contact the university of interest.
The transfer of USE scores in 2017 is carried out according to the same system as in previous years.
To pass the exam, you need to score at least the minimum number of points that is set for each subject annually.
To get a certificate and a certificate with the results of the Unified State Examination, you need to exceed this limit in compulsory subjects.
How to translate primary scores into test USE 2015 in Russian
Guidelines based on the documents of the Ministry of Education and Science.
Intermediate assessment is a convenient way to monitor student progress. When giving a quarter grade, all the strengths and weaknesses of the child are taken into account. This way you can get an objective assessment of his knowledge. Although for a number of subjects, such as physical education, music and fine arts, the introduction of an unmarked system is recommended.
Your school should develop a Regulation on the assessment of student achievements in subjects, which also takes into account controversial issues. The grading system for intermediate certification, the forms and procedure for its conduct should be specified in the Charter of the institution (Article 13 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education"). Note that in the performance of professional duties, teachers have the right to freedom of choice of methods for assessing the knowledge of students (Article 55 of the Law of the Russian Federation "On Education").
- When using the outdated method of setting a quarter grade, the teacher summed up all the points received by the child and calculated the arithmetic mean.
Further, the score was rounded up to integers up if the first digit after the decimal point is equal to or greater than 5, and down if this figure is less than 5.
This method of intermediate certification was imperfect, since the calculation did not take into account why the child received this or that mark.
That is why now this method is not recommended for use by the Ministry of Education and Science. - The points earned for the test or control work are of great importance.
Classwork grades and whiteboard responses are considered less significant.
The results of homework do not have much weight at all, since when doing them, the child has the opportunity to use additional materials and outside help, he is not limited in time, and therefore the assessment of homework is rather subjective and is taken into account when grading only in controversial cases, as an indicator student's diligence. - If in a quarter a child had at least one unsatisfactory grade in a subject, then during certification he cannot be given the highest score.
But there may be exceptions to this rule.
If in the final control work there were assignments on a topic on which the child had previously had an unsatisfactory result, but the work itself was completed with the highest score, then at the discretion of the teacher, the fourth grade may also be excellent. - Add up all the grades for homework and calculate the total score.
In the same way, calculate the average grade for classwork.
If the results of class and homework are the same, we can assume that this is an objective assessment of the student's knowledge.
If the score for classwork is higher or lower than for homework, it should be considered as a priority. - Calculate and evaluate the overall result of examinations.
If it matches the homework and/or classwork mark, it should be considered a quarter total.
If the test scores are higher or lower, the test scores are given priority. - In controversial cases, the results should be analyzed and an attempt should be made to understand the reason for the low scores.
If the test tasks are performed worse due to the slowness or inaccuracy of the student, but objectively his knowledge is higher than the result obtained, you can put a higher score. - Consider the individual characteristics of the child when giving quarter grades.
If you know that a student's oral answers are always much better than written ones due to his personal qualities, you can increase the grade a little by focusing on the results of verbal methods of working with him.
The reverse situation is also possible: if the child is more successful in written work than in oral work, pay attention to the corresponding marks. This will help to more objectively assess the student's knowledge, taking into account the level of his communication skills.
- Order of the Ministry of Education of the USSR of December 27, 1974 No. No. 167 "On approval of instructions on maintaining school records";
- Order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation of December 29, 1997 No. No. 2682 "On violations in the preparation and conduct of the final certification of graduates of educational institutions";
- Letter of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated November 19, 1998. No. 1561/14-15 "Monitoring and evaluation of learning outcomes in primary school";
- Letter of the Ministry of Education of Russia dated February 20, 1999. No. 220/11-12, p. 12 “On the inadmissibility of overloads of elementary school students”;
- Guidelines for working with documents in educational institutions (letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation of December 20, 2000 No. 03-51 / 64);
- Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated 07.02.2001. No. 22-06-147 "On the content and legal support of official control of heads of educational institutions";
- Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation of May 16, 2002 N 14-55-353in / 15 "On the Methodology for Creating Evaluation Tools for the Final State Certification of University Graduates";
- Letter of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation No. 13-51-237/13 dated 03.10.2003 "On the introduction of ungraded education in physical culture, fine arts, music."
