Coordinates: 42°39′00″ s. sh. 25°24′00″ E / 42.65° N sh. 25.4° E etc. ... Wikipedia
Contents: I. Statistics: 1) The number of inhabitants of the Earth in general and Europe in particular; 2) Population density; 3) Placement of the population; 4) The composition of the population: a) by sex, b) by age, c) by sex and age, d) by sex, age and marital status; ... ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
Population distribution in Europe ... Wikipedia
By February 1, 2011, the population of Bulgaria was 7,364,570, of which 51.3% are women and 48.7% are men. 72.5% live in cities, 27.5% live in villages. In the period 2001 2011, the country's population decreased by 564,331 people, with an average annual ... ... Wikipedia
The significance of the subject of the article is called into question. Please show in the article the significance of its subject by adding evidence of significance to it according to particular criteria of significance or, if private criteria of significance for ... ... Wikipedia
It is one of the main branches of the Bulgarian economy. In Bulgaria, all types of transport are well developed - land, water, air, pipeline and others. Each of them has its own infrastructure and is regulated by a special ... ... Wikipedia
The 2001 census was the first nationwide population census in the post-socialist republic of Bulgaria, and also the second to record a significant decrease in the number of the country's inhabitants by 6.6% (from 8,487,317 to 7,928,901 people) ... Wikipedia
Bulgarian city of Varna. Varna Flag Coat of Arms ... Wikipedia
Economic indicators Business Park Sofia ... Wikipedia
This term has other meanings, see Totleben. The village of Totleben Totleben Country Bulgaria ... Wikipedia
Books
- The population of the steppe interfluve between the Danube and the Dniester at the end of the 8th - beginning of the 11th centuries A.D. e. Balkan-Danubian culture, V. I. Kozlov. The book summarizes information about the Balkan-Danubian archaeological culture in the steppe interfluve of the Danube and the Dniester, the carriers of which are directly connected with the history of the early medieval Bulgarian ...
- Bulgaria. Reference map, E. B. Valev. Reference map of Bulgaria. Scale 1:750000. In addition to the main (physical) map, it includes three large-scale maps: industry, agriculture, and climate (scale…
** Migration growth is included in the calculation of birth rate growth: Birth rate = Population + Mortality.
*** We do not have population figures prior to 1950. The figures shown are based on an approximate calculation using the function: population in 1900 = 70% of population in 1950.
United Nations, Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division (2015). World Demographic Prospects: A 2015 Revision. These estimates and forecasts were made according to the medium-term birth rate option. Used with permission from the United Nations. Downloaded: 2015-11-15 (un.org)
City density map created from population.city using data provided to us by 1km.net. Each circle represents a city with a population of over 5000. Link
The population density map was created according to the instructions of daysleeperrr on reddig. Link1 . Data source: Gridded Population of the World (GPW), 3rd online edition in Socioeconomic Data and Applications (SEDAC) at Columbia University.
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Bulgaria is one of the most popular European countries among tourists, because here you can relax in the summer, visiting one of the resorts of the country, and also in winter, recovering on the chic Bulgarian ski slopes, at any time of the year that is convenient for you, get a health course in the spa clinics of the state, and in the interval between rest and treatment, visit numerous Bulgarian museums and historical monuments.
If you still have questions related to Bulgaria, our consultants will answer them. To do this, you just need to leave your phone number in the form below and you will be contacted.
The climate of Bulgaria
The heterogeneous relief and geographical position of Bulgaria have led to the fact that the climate in this country is divided into two types:
Continental in the north and in the center of the country;
Mediterranean in its southern part.
As a result, the temperature in winter fluctuates, on average, from 0 to -7 degrees, and in summer from 20 to 30 degrees Celsius. But this does not apply to mountainous regions, where in the winter months the temperature can drop to 15 degrees below zero.
For example, in eastern Bulgaria, the city of Varna is protected from extreme cold by the sea in winter, so the air temperature rarely drops below zero, and in summer the sea also cools the air and prevents it from overheating, and as a result, daily thermometer readings fluctuate within 25 degrees.
Another situation is with the capital of Bulgaria, which is located in a valley and at an altitude of 550 meters above sea level, which does not prevent the winds from raging in winter and not letting the air warm up in summer.
The most favorable temperature, both in winter and in summer, is in the southeastern part of Bulgaria, near the city of Burgas, where winter and summer are the warmest.
Geography of Bulgaria
Bulgaria is a southeastern European country on the Balkan Peninsula with an area of 110,910 sq. km., of which 110,550 sq. km. - land and 360 sq. km. - water.
On the border with the Bulgarian state are Serbia, Macedonia, Turkey, Greece and Romania. So, from its northern side, for a length of 608 kilometers, Bulgaria borders on Romania, on the south side of the state there is, at a distance of 240 kilometers, a border with Turkey, and at a distance of 494 kilometers from Greece, and the western part of the country borders, at a distance of 318 kilometers, with Serbia and 148 kilometers with Macedonia.
The relief of the country is very diverse.
So about 30 percent of the territory of Bulgaria are mountain ranges. The Balkan Mountains lie in the east, and mountains rise in the south and southwest:
The flat part of Bulgaria consists of two plains - the Danube Plain, located in the north of the country and the Thracian Plain, located in the southern part of Bulgaria.
In addition to the sea, there are also rivers in Bulgaria, five of which - Tundzha, Iskar, Maritsa, Arda and Yantra are shallow, but the depth of the Danube River allows ships to navigate it.
Also in Bulgaria there are several lakes, the largest of which is Lake Burgas.
Cities in Bulgaria
Cities in Bulgaria in terms of population are generally not very large, but each city has its own industrial significance, or its historical and cultural value, or is one of the summer, winter or health resorts.
The largest cities in Bulgaria
Below we present the ten largest cities in Bulgaria.
Sofia, population about 1,300,000
Sofia is the capital of Bulgaria and the only city in the country with a population of more than a million people.
Plovdiv, population about 370,000 people
Plovdiv is the second largest city in Bulgaria and one of the oldest cities in Europe, which led to the fact that the city has a lot of historical architectural monuments, resulting in a lot of tourists in this city all year round.
Varna, population about 350,000
Varna is considered the sea capital of Bulgaria, since there are no such number of beaches as in this city anywhere in this country. Yes, and Varna is not deprived of historical heritage, a large number of museums and architectural monuments will not leave indifferent any tourist who has visited this resort town. In terms of population, the city of Varna is on the third line.
Burgas, population about 212 00 people
Burgas is the largest port city in the country, considered the industrial center of Bulgaria, since in addition to ports there are also several oil refineries. However, industrial production in the city did not affect the purity of the sea in Burgas, which is considered one of the resort areas in Bulgaria.
Rousse, population about 167,000 people
Rousse is the fifth largest city in Bulgaria with a population of about 167,000 people. This city is considered the largest port on the Danube River, plus, next to the city is located, built back in the USSR in 1952-1954, a two-tier bridge, the length of which is 2800 meters, which is the main cargo land overpass between Bulgaria, Russia and Romania.
Stara Zagora, population about 162,000
Stara Zagora is the sixth largest city in Bulgaria with a population of over 160,000 and one of its oldest cities dating back to the 5th or 6th century BC. There is no sea in this city, but historical sights annually attract hundreds of thousands of tourists to Stara Zagora.
Sliven, population about 111,000
The city of Sliven is the seventh most populous city in Bulgaria with about 110,000 inhabitants. The history of this city goes back to the distant 3rd century BC, as a result of which there are many historical sights in the city. In addition to its rich history, Sliven is also famous for its mineral springs, the water temperature in which is never below 44 degrees.
By the way, the elm grows in this city, which is already 600 years old, which is a historical monument in Bulgaria.
Pleven, population about 102,000 people
Pleven is the eighth most populous city in Bulgaria with 100,000 inhabitants. This city is famous among rock climbing enthusiasts, because the sheer cliffs here reach 20 meters and are a great place for both beginners in this type of outdoor activity and professional athletes.
Dobrych, population about 90,500 people
Dobrych is the ninth largest city in terms of population, which is just below 100,000 people. At present, the area where this city is located is read by the Bulgarian granary, since it is here that the largest share of all grain crops in Bulgaria is grown.
Shumen, population about 80,500
Shumen is the city that closes the top ten largest cities in Bulgaria, with a population of just over 80,000 people, most of whom are Turks, so behind the scenes this city is called the capital of the Turkish population of the country.
If you decide to visit this city, you will be simply amazed by its rich historical and cultural heritage and the amazing beauty of nature.
Cities in Bulgaria with more than 50,000 inhabitants
The list of cities in which the population exceeds 50,000 people is as follows:
Yambol is a city with a population of about 80,000;
Haskovo, the number of inhabitants in this city is about 77,000 people;
Pernik is a city with a population of about 76,000;
Pazardzhik, a city with about 79,500 inhabitants;
Blagoevgrad, the population of this city is at around 75,500 people;
Veliko Tarnovo is a city with an ancient history, with a population of about 71,000 people;
Vratsa is a town with about 61,000 inhabitants;
Gabrovo, the number of inhabitants in this city is approximately 59,000 people;
Asenovgrad, about 54,000 people live in this city;
Kazanlak - the city is full of attractions, with a population of over 52,000 people;
Kardzhali - the population in this city is about 51,000 people;
Vidin, the population in this city is about 47,500 people;
Montana, a city of about 44,500 people;
Kyustendil is a city with just over 44,000 inhabitants.
Resort towns in Bulgaria
The resort towns of Bulgaria are:
Pomeranian, a resort seaside town with a population of about 14,000 people;
Nessebar, a resort town with a great historical heritage and a population of just under 14,000 people;
The city of Balchik is known among tourists not only as a resort town, but for its historical heritage, the population of which is just over 11,500 people;
Kavarna, a sea resort town with a population of almost 11,500;
Bankya, a city that attracts tourists with its balneological centers, with a population of just over 11,000 people;
Bansko, a mountain winter resort with a population of about 8,500;
Hisarya, a balneological resort with a local population of about 7,000 people.
Varshets, a balneological resort with a population of about 6,500 people;
Sozopol, a sea resort with a huge historical past and a population of about 5,500 people;
Sveti Vlas, a seaside resort with gorgeous beaches and a small number of local residents, of which there are only about 4,000 people;
Primorsko, a small seaside resort with about 3,500 inhabitants;
Byala, a seaside resort town with just over 2,000 inhabitants;
Obzor, a seaside resort, very popular among tourists, the number of inhabitants of this city is just under 2,000 people;
Ahtopol city, a small sea resort town with a population of about 1,500 people;
Kiten is a very small resort town with just over 1,000 inhabitants.
According to statistics, there are currently about 7.3 million people living in Bulgaria, of which 48% are men and 52% are women.
In this country, in addition to the Bulgarians, their percentage is 85%, there are also Turks, they are about 10%, gypsies, whose number is 4.7% of the total population of Bulgaria, as well as a small number, only 0.5%, Armenians, Greeks , Romanians, Karakchan, Jews, Russians and Ukrainians.
Most of the population, namely about 71%, lives in cities, the most populous of which is the Bulgarian capital Sofia, with a population of about 1.3 million people. Only 29% of the population of Bulgaria lives in rural areas.
Crime in Bulgaria
Bulgaria can be considered a safe country for recreation. Crimes are rare here, as the Bulgarian leadership is worried about the image of the country, so the police are on guard day and night, although rare thefts in public transport and on the beaches still occur.
Language of Bulgaria
The national language of Bulgaria is Slavic, which is largely understandable for a Russian tourist, the Bulgarian language. But despite the fact that Bulgarian is considered the national language, in the country the names of many shops, cafes, restaurants, nightclubs, yachts are written in English, and in many restaurants and cafes the menu is in two languages - Bulgarian and English.
This country is a tourist country and it will not be news to anyone that a significant part of the vacationers, especially in the summer, are Russians, therefore, at airports, as well as at some major railway stations, all information on information boards is written in Bulgarian, English and Russian languages.
In addition, in the resorts you can also find ads for the sale of real estate in Russian.
But of course, when going to Bulgaria, you should not hope that they will understand you there anyway, but learn at least a few of the most necessary words:
- thanks, in Russian thanks;
Praying means please;
Hello - hello;
Dobr den - greeting with a good day;
Sorry means sorry in Russian.
Religion in Bulgaria
The main part of the population of Bulgaria, about 83%, is Orthodox, but since other nationalities live in this country, about 12% are Muslims, the percentage of Catholics is about 0.8%, and Protestants are approximately 0.5% of the total population of the country .
Summer holidays in Bulgaria
Bulgaria is a kind of storehouse of seaside resorts that annually attract millions of tourists. And this is not at all surprising, because the length of the sea coast in this country is about 300 kilometers, most of which are sandy beaches and only a small part of the coast, mainly where the slopes of the mountains come very close to the sea, is covered with stones.
Almost all beaches are free, while their infrastructure is designed for all ages of vacationers, including the youngest holidaymakers, there are playgrounds, water slides, and outdoor pools for them.
If you wish to diversify your seaside vacation, you can enjoy sightseeing tours of the natural, architectural and historical sights of the resort towns of Bulgaria.
And boat trips, chic entertainment programs in nightclubs and discos will diversify and decorate your vacation.
Winter holidays in Bulgaria
There are two mountain ranges in Bulgaria - the Pirin massif, the Rilla and Rhodope massifs, thanks to which Bulgaria is known throughout the world not only for its summer resorts, but also for its high-quality winter ski resorts.
After all, a fairly warm climate in winter, which does not affect the amount of precipitation, as a result of which the thickness of the natural snow cover on the ski slopes reaches, on average, 1-2 meters, provides quite comfortable conditions for practicing skiing in the winter resorts of Bulgaria, which are well equipped, taking into account the interests of both winter sport beginners and professional snowboarders and skiers.
In the resorts of Pamporovo, Borovets and Bansko, ski schools for children are organized, which allows parents to enjoy skiing without worrying about their little ones.
Wellness holidays in Bulgaria
Tourists who go on vacation to Bulgaria do not always pursue the goal of lying on the beach or skiing, they also go to this camp to improve their health, since Bulgarian thermal springs and therapeutic mud are known all over the world.
Currently, there are about 500 thermal springs in Bulgaria, thanks to which patients with diseases of the musculoskeletal system, nervous system, respiratory organs and many other health problems are treated in the country all year round in balneological health resorts.
The population of Bulgaria consists of Bulgarians. Gypsies and people born in mixed marriages can also be classified as Bulgarians - because they define themselves in this way.
The state-forming ethnic group in Bulgaria is the Bulgarians - their majority (84.8%). The largest national minorities in Bulgaria are Turks - 8.8% and Roma - 4.9%. The remaining 1.5% includes Russians, Armenians, Chinese, Ukrainians, Greeks, Jews, Romanians and those who could not self-determine at the time of the census.
The last such census in Bulgaria, which gives us a detailed idea of who lives in the country, was conducted in 2011. Her data is on the website of the National Statistical Institute of Bulgaria. These are the numbers I will use.
Since the national composition of Bulgaria is not checked very often, about once every 10 years (the last time it was counted in 2011, and before that in 2001), all the figures that I publish here refer to 2011, and today it is already 2016. Of course, this quite a long period of time, I think that in five years the population figures in Bulgaria have already changed. Just don't know which way. However, it is not exact figures that are important for us, but a general idea of who lives in Bulgaria, the ratio of ethnic composition in a particular locality and region. Therefore, I consider these figures to be useful.
According to statistics for 2011, the population of Bulgaria consisted of: Bulgarians - 5,664,624 people, Turks - 588,318, Gypsies - 325,434, Armenians - 6,552, Jews - 1,162, Russians - 9,978, Greeks - 1,379, Macedonians - 1,654, Romanians - 891, Vlachs (Gypsies) - 3,684, Karakachans - 2,556, Ukrainians - 1,789, others - 19,659 and 53,391 people not self-determined.
The most interesting thing is to understand the predominance of one or another national group in specific places of residence, that is, who and where lives in Bulgaria.
So, according to the same statistics, Bulgarian cities were dominated by 90.3%; 4.6% Turks and 3.7% Gypsies, while Russians were only 0.2%.
As for the national composition of some cities in Bulgaria, the situation is as follows:
| Region | Bulgarians | Turks | gypsies | Other (which includes and Russians) |
Non-self-defining dividing |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sofia (no region) | 1,136,433 | 6,526 | 18,284 | 9,848 | 7,240 |
| Varna | 371,048 | 30,469 | 13,432 | 5,638 | 4,306 |
| Burgas | 298,128 | 49,354 | 18,424 | 2,632 | 2,006 |
| Veliko Tarnovo | 211,353 | 15,709 | 3,875 | 1,145 | 1,910 |
| Vratsa | 151,183 | 565 | 10,082 | 434 | 771 |
| Dobrich | 131,114 | 23,484 | 15,323 | 1,609 | 2,369 |
| Pleven | 219,612 | 8,666 | 9,961 | 826 | 1,200 |
| Plovdiv | 540,303 | 40,255 | 30,202 | 3,985 | 5,628 |
| Rousse | 176,413 | 28,658 | 8,615 | 1,869 | 1,057 |
| Smolyan | 86,847 | 4,696 | 448 | 1,826 | 1,358 |
| Stara Zagora | 265,618 | 15,035 | 24,018 | 1,715 | 1,720 |
Other interesting numbers.
The population of Bulgaria is only 7 million people. Here live not only the Bulgarians themselves, who make up three-quarters of the total composition of the living people, but also the Turks, under whose rule the territory was for several centuries. There are also Russians here, who in recent years have been actively buying up housing on the coast, doing business, and then staying to live. Despite the demographic crisis, the country is currently experiencing an increase in the birth rate compared to previous years, and the number of centenarians is increasing.
Brief information about Bulgaria
The country is located in the east of the Balkans and occupies almost the entire Black Sea coast in this territory. The area of Bulgaria is 110,993.6 sq. km (103rd place in the world). For comparison: this is a little more than the island of Iceland. Bulgaria occupies almost a fourth of the Balkan Peninsula. In 2007 the country joined the European Union. And on the territory of the European Union, the state ranks 16th in terms of the number of inhabitants and 11th in terms of area.
The geography of Bulgaria is diverse. There are also ski resorts, which means mountainous areas, and golden wide sandy beaches. In combination with a mild temperate climate, this makes this country attractive for tourists. The swimming season starts in May and ends in October. During the hot months, the temperature reaches 28 degrees.
The ethnic composition of the country's population
A little over 7 million people live on the territory of Bulgaria (the area has already been indicated above). The population is currently falling. At the end of the century (1995), 8 million people lived in the country. According to the 1991 census, the population of Bulgaria consists of 83% Bulgarians. Almost one tenth are Turks. They merged with the local population as early as the 7th century. Almost 5% are gypsies. The remaining national composition of the population of Bulgaria is represented by Armenians, Tatars, Circassians, Macedonians, Russians.
History of the people of Bulgaria
Starting from the 7th century, in connection with the Great Migration of Peoples, people began to settle on the Balkan Peninsula. First they were the southern Slavs, and then the Thracians. Mixing with the indigenous inhabitants of these lands, the Bulgars, these three ethnic groups laid the foundation for the formation of the Bulgarian people.
The first state was founded here in 632 AD. e., and it was called Great Bulgaria. It was a short-term unification of the tribes of southern Europe. The country was ruled by Khan Kubrat, and then by his five sons. However, as a result of a clash with the Khazars, the state collapsed. Great Bulgaria ceased to exist.
In 681, the state was already officially formed here. Historians call it the First Bulgaria. It was formed by Khan Asparuh. At the same time, the name of the people appeared - the Bulgarians.
Throughout its existence, the country fought for independence from Byzantium.
But as soon as freedom was gained, the Ottomans conquered Bulgaria in the 14th century. Only in 1908 was it possible to obtain full autonomy. Then, during the Ottoman domination, the Bulgarians were formed as a nation.
During the First and Second World Wars, the population of Bulgaria was on the side of the Soviet army.
In 1946, the country proclaimed itself a people's republic. Communism dominated here until 1990. Then came the time for deep reforms, both political and economic. Bulgaria declared itself a democratic republic.
Bulgarians live on the territory of the country, and also partially in Moldova, southern Ukraine, on the border with Turkey, Serbia, Greece, Romania, Macedonia. Some also live in Canada, the USA, the states of South America, Australia, Hungary, Kazakhstan.
Population density and other data
More than 7 million citizens live in the country. Thus, the population density of Bulgaria is approximately 67 people per 1 sq. km. km.
For comparison: this is 8 times more than in Russia. In our country, the population density is 8 people per 1 sq. km. km.
The birth rate is steadily increasing. Earlier in 1909, every woman had an average of three children. In the 1990s, there was a decline in the birth rate, then the figure was 1.2. It currently stands at 1.88. Thus, there are almost two children for every woman.
Life expectancy and religious composition of the population
As for religion, almost 83% are Orthodox Bulgarian Christians, another 12% are Muslims, the rest are Catholics and other confessions.
Life expectancy in the country is growing and is currently 78 years for women and 71 for men. Half a century ago, it was only 63 years and 60, respectively. More than two hundred centenarians (90 men and 122 women) also currently live in the country.
State languages
It is easy to guess what language is spoken in Bulgaria. This is Bulgarian. It is the official state language in the country. Bulgarian is written in Cyrillic. This is so far the only language with the Cyrillic alphabet, which is recognized on the territory of the European Union. Even the official press of the EU is printed in Bulgarian.
In addition, Turkish is widely spoken in Bulgaria, which is spoken by up to 10% of the country's population. Also 4% of citizens speak Romani. Less common are Russian, Romanian, Armenian, Ukrainian, Macedonian, Greek, Hebrew. They are spoken by less than one percent of the population.
According to the Constitution of the country, citizens have the right to learn and use another language, which is their mother tongue, in parallel with Bulgarian. The Turkish community in Bulgaria sought to put Turkish on a par with Bulgarian, but the referendum was never held. Bulgarian remains the only official state language of the country to this day.
