Three-way separating valve with electric drive. Features of a three-way mixing valve for a heating system. Choosing a three-way valve: features of models from different companies

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1 Three-way diverting valve Thermostatic three-way control valves for heating and cooling systems

2 IMI HEIMEIER / Thermostatic heads and radiator valves / Three-way separating valve Three-way separating valve Three-way separating valve for distribution of liquid mass flow in heating and cooling systems. Key features>> Cast bronze body, Corrosion resistance and safety>> Stainless steel stem with double O-ring seal>> Outer seal O-ring can be replaced without draining the system Description made of bronze and equipped with a protective cap. The valve stem is made of stainless steel and has a double O-ring seal. The outer O-ring can be replaced without draining the system. Models: flat seal, flat seal with tee. Connection with threaded nipples, soldering or welding nipples. Models: N 15 conical seal, G 3/4 male thread. Connection with IMI Heimeier compression fittings for plastic, copper or thin-walled steel pipes. Maximum allowable working pressure 10 bar. Low pressure steam 110 C / 0.5 bar. Permissible differential pressure N 15 = 1.20 bar N 20 = 0.75 bar N 25 = 0.50 bar Design Three-way diverting valve (black protective cap) I II III 2

3 Principle of operation The electrothermal actuator EMO T (brochure: "EMO T") is used for two-point control using an external power supply. In the normally open (NO) valve model, the straight port I-II of the three-way isolation valve is open when no voltage is applied, and the curved outlet port I-III is closed. In the normally closed (NC) valve model, the straight port I-II of the three-way isolation valve is closed in the absence of power and the angled outlet port I-III is open. Thermostatic heads (brochure "Thermostatic head K with contact or immersion sensor" and / or "Thermostatic heads") are used for proportional control without using an external power supply. During operation, intermediate valve stem positions are also possible. As the temperature rises, the straight channel I-II closes, and the angular outlet channel I-III opens. Electrothermal actuators EMO 1, EMO EIB, EMOLON and / or EMO 3 / EMO 3/230 are used for proportional control and / or three-stage control using an external power supply. The actual direction of movement of the stem is determined by the type of regulator or the type of electrical connection (brochures "EMO", "EMO EIB", "EMOLON"). Application Distribution function Switching between heat-consuming devices such as heating circuits and DHW circuits, or between different heat-generating devices such as water heaters, heat pumps or solar energy systems. Control of the output parameters of heat exchangers by regulating the flow rate of the coolant / heating medium, for example, for air heaters, air coolers or other heat exchangers. A stable volumetric flow rate in the primary circuit is maintained. Mixing function Mixing regulation by installation in the return pipe (external mixing point). Approximately equal volumetric flow rate in the secondary circuit. Principle of operation Pay attention to the direction of flow. Distribution function Mixing function I II Mischpunkt 9 III 10 III II I 3

4 IMI HEIMEIER / Thermostatic heads and radiator valves / Three-way diverting valve ABCE applications 1. Oil / gas boiler 2. Heating circuit 3. Hot water boiler 4. Solid fuel boiler 5. Heat exchanger 6. Air heater 7. Fan coil 8. Balancing valve TA STA 9. Primary circuit 10. Secondary circuit Note According to directive VI 2035, the composition of the heating medium must not cause corrosive destruction of heating systems, as well as exclude the possibility of limescale formation in the DHW system. For industrial and main power systems, VdTUV 1466 / AGFW 5/15 standards are applied. Thermal fluid contaminated with mineral oils or greases can have a strong negative effect on EPM rubber seals, usually resulting in a valve failure. A. Switching between heat consumers. For example, between heating circuits and hot water boilers using the EMO T (NO) actuator. B. Changeover between heat generators. For example, between oil / gas water heaters or solid fuel water heaters using the EMO T (NC) actuator. C. Control of the heating agent flow rate for adjusting the temperature of warm air in the heaters using the thermostatic head K equipped with a contact sensor .. Regulation of the thermostatic head K equipped with a contact temperature sensor, the water flow rate in the primary circuit according to the set flow temperature in the secondary circuit for heating the DHW circuits, industrial reservoirs and swimming pools. E. Control of the fan coil hydraulic circuit (air conditioners / forced air convectors) with the EMO T (NO) actuator. When using approved non-corrosive antifreezes (nitrite-free solutions based on ethylene glycol), pay special attention to the manufacturer's requirements specified in the documentation, in particular,% concentration and inhibitor additives. 4

5 Technical data Nomogram three-way diverting valve with actuator 50 N 25 (Kvs 5.12) N 20 (Kvs 3.48) N 15 (Kvs 2.47) N 15 (Kvs 2.25), p [kPa] 0.3 3 0.2 2 0, m [kg / h] p [mbar] p [mm wc] Three-way diverting valve with thermostatic head K *) Three-way diverting valve with immersion / contact sensor kv-value P-band value [K] 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 N 15 0.60 1.20 1.71 2.10 2.47 N 15 with tee 0.57 1.11 1.58 2.00 2.25 N 20 0.70 1.50 2.39 3.10 3.48 N 25 1.08 2.28 3.48 4.62 5.12 *) The kv values ​​correspond to the flow in the direction of passage I-II at the given system deviations. For models without a tee, the kvs values ​​correspond to flow in direction I-II with the valve fully open and in direction I-III with the valve closed. For tee models, the kv / kvs values ​​correspond to flow in direction I-II. Kvs Calculation example Find: Pressure loss pv Given: Three-way separating valve N 25 with thermoelectric actuator EMO T Heat flow Q = W Temperature control t = 20 K (70/50 C) Solution: Mass flow m = Q / (c Δt) = 21000 / (1.163 20) = 903 kg / h Pressure loss according to nomogram pv = 31 mbar 5

6 IMI HEIMEIER / Thermostatic heads and radiator valves / Three-way diverting valve Product numbers Three-way isolating valve with flat seal N products with tee, flat sealing N products with tapered seal, with compression fittings for copper pipes Ø 15 mm N products with tapered seal, with external thread G3 / 4 N product

7 Accessories for flat-seal 3-way isolating valves Connection nipple for flat-sealing 3-way isolating valves Product N valve Threaded nipple 15 (1/2) R1 / (3/4) R3 / (1) R Solder nipple 15 (1 / 2) (1/2) (3/4) (1) Butt weld 15 (1/2) 20, (3/4) 26, (1) 33, Accessories for 3-way mixing valves with tapered seal Compression fitting for copper and steel thin-walled pipes. Connection with external thread G3 / 4. Nickel plated brass. With a pipe wall thickness of 0.8-1 mm, support sleeves must be used. Follow the recommendations of the pipe manufacturer. products Support sleeve For copper or steel thin-walled pipes with a wall thickness of 1 mm. Brass. L products 12 25, Compression fitting for copper and thin-walled steel pipes. Male thread connection G3 / 4. Soft seal. Nickel plated brass. products Compression fitting for plastic pipes. Male thread connection G3 / 4. Conical seal with O-ring. Nickel plated brass. products 14x x x x x

8 IMI HEIMEIER / Thermostatic heads and radiator valves / Three-way diverting valve Dimensions `` flat seal flat seal, with T-piece conical seal SW L1 H SW L2 HH L4 LL L3 NL L1 L2 L3 L4 H SW 15 G3 /, 5 26, G, 5 31, G1 1 / .0 33.5 47 SW = Wrench size L l Threaded nipple R1 / 2 27.5 13.2 R3 / 4 30.5 14.5 R, 8 L l Soldered nipple L d Nipple for weld 20, Range, texts, photographs, graphs and diagrams are subject to change by IMI Hydronic Engineering without prior notice or explanation. You can find additional information about the company and products on the website

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In a wide range of valves used in heating networks, there is one element that is rarely used. It is similar in shape to a tee, but the internal filling differs greatly from the latter. And its purpose is completely different. This is a 3-way valve for heating with a thermostat. The scheme of its installation, as well as the principle of operation will be discussed in today's review.

Zone-type three-way valve with thermal head

Basically, three-way valves are divided according to the principle of operation. There are three positions here:

• mixing,
• dividing,
• switching.

The first mix two streams of heat carrier with different temperatures into one, the second, on the contrary, divide one stream into two. And still others simply switch the movement of water from one direction (contour) to another. The first two varieties are similar in appearance to each other, therefore a diagram is applied to their case, which shows for what purposes the device should be used.

As for the third position, it is easy to distinguish it from the rest. He additionally has a block with which the switching takes place. A valve of this type is usually installed in a two-circuit, when it is necessary to redirect the flow from the heating system to and vice versa.

Related article:

The device and principle of operation of the three-way valve in the heating system

So, first of all, let's deal with the device. To make it easier to understand what is inside the valve, you need to consider the photo below, in which the device is shown in section. It consists of three branch pipes (two lateral one lower), between which the mixing chamber is located. On the fourth side (top) there is a thermal head, which is responsible for controlling the temperature of the coolant.

Inside the device, from the thermostat, there is a spring-loaded stem with two flat circular valves. Their diameter corresponds to the diameter of the nozzle seats. Instead, a single ball valve can be installed, located inside the mixing chamber between the two seats. When pressure is applied to the stem, the valves partially cut off the supply from the lower branch pipe and open the upper one. All the same thing only happens the other way around if the stock rises up.

But here you need to figure out what laws the stock works, under the influence of what force it goes down or up. It's all about the thermal head itself. Inside it is a temperature sensor filled with a special liquid. It is heat sensitive. As soon as the temperature of the coolant begins to rise, the liquid expands and rises through the capillary tube into a special bellows (container), which is located in the thermal head. The reservoir itself begins to expand, and thus presses on the stem. The latter descends and opens the lower branch pipe, from where cold water enters the three-way valve. Hot comes from the left branch pipe (see photo).

Of course, just like that, with any increase in water temperature, pressure cannot occur. For this, a temperature gradation is set on the thermal head, which is manually controlled. It is the set parameter that is the moment of pressing the rod.

So, the stem reacted to a change in the temperature of the coolant in the supply pipe, opened the lower one for cold water, and inside the valve, hot and cold media were mixed to the required temperature. That is, it turns out that the temperature of the coolant at the inlet has not changed, but at the outlet it has become lower.

In the event that the coolant continues to heat up, then the stem can drop to the lowest possible position. That is, it will completely close the hot water supply and completely open the cold water supply. And this will continue until the coolant inside the heating system drops to the required temperature. After that, the upper valve will open, it will start up hot water.

This is how a 3-way mixing control valve works. As for the dividing model, the principle of operation is practically the same, only the other way around. The coolant enters one branch pipe; inside the device body it is divided into two streams and exits through two adjacent branch pipes.

This type of shut-off valves is installed in those areas where the coolant flow must be divided into two circuits. One of them will be with a constant thermal regime, the other with a variable one. The first is the fluid flow, which is subject to quality requirements. The second with the requirements for quantity. At the same time, purely constructively, the flow with a constant hydraulic regime is never blocked, because in the design of the device, the length of the stem is made in such a way that the valve does not close the constant circuit.

But it must be noted that the length of the stem can be adjusted. This makes it possible to adjust the required volume of the coolant on a constant circuit. As for the variable, it can completely overlap. It is in this way that the flow and pressure of the coolant in the heating system are regulated. As you can see, the principle of operation of a three-way valve is quite simple. The main thing is to accurately select the type of device and install it in the required place in the circuit.

How a three-way thermostatic valve works in a "warm floor" system

To make it clear how the circuit with the valve works, you can give an example of the circulation of the coolant in the underfloor heating system. The three-way valve for underfloor heating is a mixing valve. The circulation scheme is as follows:

• hot water enters the underfloor heating system through the collector;
• it must have a certain temperature, which is monitored precisely in the process of passing through the three-way valve;
• as soon as its value exceeds the permissible value, the valve opens one of the circuits, which is connected to the heating return;
• the cooled heat carrier enters inside, lowering the temperature,
• after which the mixed water enters the heating circuit of the underfloor heating;
• as soon as the temperature drops to the required one, a circuit with a return flow is closed by a stem inside the valve.

Three-way valves with actuators

Experts say that adjusting a three-way valve using a thermal head and a sensor is the simplest and most accurate. In addition, there is no electricity consumption in it. That is why this type of three-way valve is popular today. But the process can be controlled in other ways. The simple one is manual. Let's face it, not the most accurate option, because the stem immersion depth range is set by a handle located outside the valve body.

Attention! A valve with such an adjustment is recommended to be used only in those heating systems where the temperature drops of the coolant are insignificant.

The second option is temperature control using electric drives. They receive commands from the controller.

Motorized three-way valve

Valve-mounted motors are often referred to as servo drives. In fact, these are ordinary electric motors in which the shaft does not rotate, but rotates by a certain degree. It should be noted that this category includes any type of engine, for example, thermal. The main thing is to fulfill the condition of rotation, not rotation.

Manufacturers today offer two items regarding the configuration. The first is a complete package that includes a controller and a temperature sensor. It is possible to immediately adjust the device to the required temperature, as well as to the angle of rotation, for example, from 0 to 180 °. In this case, any intermediate values ​​are possible. The second is a separate drive with a sensor inside, to which a controller must be added as a free-standing element.

As for the controller, this is a device that solves the problem of signal control. In the case of heating, it reacts to temperature changes, which are signaled to it by a temperature sensor. He processes the signals and decides what to do - open the valve or close, or rather, turn clockwise or counterclockwise. Today manufacturers offer a huge range of three-way electric cranes. One of the most popular brands is ESBE (Sweden).

ESBE 3-way valve with electric actuator

First of all, it is necessary to indicate that this brand of valves has a ball with through slots inside. The latter open or close two channels, the third always remains open. Through it, the coolant enters the heating system. The degree of rotation is 90 ÷ 180 °.

In stores, the valve of this model is sold separately from the actuator, therefore, before installation, they are connected together by inserting the axis (shaft) of the actuator into the top of the stem. There is a hole in it for the axle. After that, it is necessary, exactly according to the instructions attached to the device, to carry out the adjustment in terms of the temperature regime.

Today the manufacturer offers a fairly wide range of ESBE three-way valves with and without an actuator:

Photo	Model	Appointment
	VTA 200	Designed for systems where there is no water recirculation.
	VTA 270	This is a thermo-mixing valve for underfloor heating. It is installed if heating is organized in a room with an area of ​​at least 100 m2
	VTA 310	A valve of general use in any heating systems where the temperature of the coolant does not exceed + 95 ° C and a pressure of 0.3 atm.
	VTA 300 / VTA 360	The two models differ from each other only in the direction of movement of water in the heating system. They control the temperature well even with pressure surges within the network.
	VTC300	This is a 3-way valve without a servo drive. It can be installed in systems that use low-power boilers - up to 30 kW.
	DN25	This is a three-way valve for solid fuel boilers. That is, it can withstand the coolant temperature up to + 110 ° C. In this case, the power of the boilers should not be less than 150 kW. This is one of the most unpretentious devices on the market. It can work under any conditions in any heating network without changing the quality.
	VRG131	This is the most popular and demanded device that is used in apartments and private houses.

Other models of 3-way valves

Another well-known brand is the Navien three-way valve from a South Korean company. It should be noted that this device is an integral part of a double-circuit boiler from this manufacturer. And it is installed inside the heating equipment. Its main purpose is to separate the coolant for supply to the heating network and for hot water supply.

Attention! Navien valves cannot be repaired. The main cause of the breakdown is the gear transmission from the motor to the rod. Spare parts are not sold anywhere. In case of failure, the device must be replaced with a new one.

Danish company Danfoss is a renowned manufacturer of three-way valves. It offers four models to suit different systems:

Photo	Model	Appointment
	VF3	Used in air conditioning and heating systems. Manufacturing material - cast iron. With flange connection.
	VMV	It is used only in heating systems. Manufacturing material - bronze or stainless steel.
	VRB3	It is a mixer that is used in both heating systems and refrigeration systems. Material - stainless steel.
	VRG3	Installed in heating networks or when transporting refrigerant. The material is either stainless steel or cast iron.

Diagrams for connecting a three-way valve to the heating network

After all the analysis regarding the design of the valve and its principle of operation, there was an understanding of how it can be used in various heating systems. Most often it is used in three cases.

• In the underfloor heating system, the temperature of the coolant must be within + 45 ° C. It is this mode that is supported by the device. This has already been discussed above, and it has been shown how it should work.
• To protect against the formation of condensation inside the combustion chamber. This happens when relatively cold water flows through the return line to the generator heat exchanger. As a result, water droplets from condensed steam form on the outer surfaces. This must not be allowed because condensation will shorten the life of the equipment.
• If there is a need to maintain a different temperature regime in different parts of the heating system.

The first option will not be considered, because it has already been described. As for the second case, it is necessary to take the photo below as the basis for the analysis.

There is a double circuit in the diagram: one large one passes through the radiators, the second one - short through (this is a vertical red line, the beginning of which is at the top to the radiators, the end rests at the bottom against the valve). Until the boiler has warmed up, the coolant moves along a short circuit. The temperature has risen to the required value, the valve closes the bypass and opens the return (lower blue line).

And the third position, which is based on the distribution of the coolant among consumers, in which the required temperature is not always the same. For example, an indirect heating boiler requires water with a higher temperature, for batteries with a lower temperature, and even less for warm floors.

Attention! In such a scheme, there is no need to install a control shut-off valve in front of the boiler.

The schematic wiring diagram with the installation of a three-way valve should be approximately the same as shown in the photo below.

Three-way valves for heating with a fixed heating medium temperature

This is the so-called budget option. At a price it is cheaper than 30-35% from devices with drives. How is it different from everyone else. In its design there are no rods, no sensors, no thermal heads. A so-called thermostatic element is installed inside, which is set to a certain temperature of the coolant. For example, it can be either + 45 ° С or + 65 ° С. That is, the indicator can be anything depending on the requirements of the hot water consumer.

The element is selected at the factory and installed there, therefore, it is imperative to indicate on the valve what outlet temperature will be after it. For example, if you need a valve for a warm floor, then we choose with a temperature of + 45 ° C. The positive side of these devices is their low cost. Negative - the inability to adjust the temperature regime of the water.

Attention! If a valve of this type is installed on the bypass of a solid fuel boiler, then it is necessary to study the passport of the generator itself before purchasing. The main indicator for the valve is the water temperature in the return circuit. It is for her that the device is selected.

Among the huge variety of valves that are used on the heating system, there is a rather rarely used element - a three-way valve for heating with a thermostat. It is similar in shape to a tee, but it is designed for completely different functions. How a three-way valve with a servo drive works and what it is needed for will be discussed in this article.

Three-way valve working principle

A three-way mixing valve is installed in those sections of the pipeline where it is necessary to divide the main flow of the coolant into 2 circuits:

• with variable hydraulic mode;
• with constant.

Often, a constant flow is necessary for the one to whom the heat carrier is supplied with a high quality and in specified volumes. Its adjustment corresponds to the quality indicators. With regards to the variable flow, it is used for objects where quality indicators are not key. The quantity ratio indicator plays an important role here. In other words, the supply of warm media in this case is carried out according to the required amount.

Note! One of the elements of the shut-off valves is also an analogue of the device, which we are talking about in this article, which is called a two-way valve. What is its difference? It differs from the three-way in the principle of its work. The fact is that one of the elements of its structure, the rod, cannot block the fluid flow, which has constant hydraulic parameters.

The stem is constantly open, it is adjusted to a certain volume of liquid. Based on this, users have the opportunity to receive the required volume both in terms of quantity and quality. In general, this unit cannot shut off the fluid supply to a network with a constant hydraulic flow. But the flow of a variable type, it is able to shut off, which makes it possible to regulate the pressure / flow.

You can create one 3-way valve by connecting a pair of 2-way valves. But they must work in reverse mode, that is, when one opens, the other must close.

A three-way valve for underfloor heating or other purposes works with the following sequence:

• hot water is supplied to the collector, which is one of the elements of the warm floor;
• the degree of heating of the liquid is determined during its passage through the thermo-mixing valve;
• in the event that the temperature exceeds the set level, a passage opens from which the cooled liquid enters;
• both streams are mixed inside;
• after the temperature drops to the set limit, the cold water passage is closed.

The disadvantages of three-way valves include the likelihood of sudden temperature jumps that can occur when heated water is started, which can have a negative effect on the state of the pipeline during mixing.

The three-way thermostatic mixing valve is used to:

• redirect flows from different pipelines if necessary;
• mix streams of diametrically different temperatures to obtain a stream of a set temperature;
• dynamically control the direction of flows to obtain a flow with a constant temperature;
• in a water supply system, this is a flow with a given stable temperature;
• in a heating system, this is a separate mixing unit with a stably constant circulation temperature.

With a conventional ball valve, it can be manually adjusted. It looks similar to a conventional valve, but has such a feature as an additional output. This type of valve is used for forced manual control.

For automatic adjustment, a special three-way valve is used, which is equipped with an electromechanical device in order to change the position of the stem. It must be connected to a thermostat in order to be able to regulate the temperature in the room.

Varieties of valves for heating

Without unnecessary introductions, let's say that the device can be of two types, which differ in the principle of operation. It happens:

• dividing;
• mixing.

The principle of operation of the device can be seen from its name. The design of the mixing device has two outputs and inputs. This is necessary in order to mix different flows of liquid to reduce its temperature. By the way, this is the most optimal option in order to set the required mode for the "warm floor".

The very process of adjusting the temperature regime is quite simple. You just need to know what the current temperature of the incoming liquid streams is in order to accurately calculate the required proportions of each stream in such a way as to obtain the required indicators at the outlet. By the way, with proper installation, this adjustment device can also work for splitting the flow.

The separating valve divides one flow into two, on the basis of this it has one inlet and two outlets. This device is mainly used for dividing the hot stream in DHW systems. Although quite often it can be found in the piping of air heaters.

In appearance, both options are quite similar to each other. But when looking at the drawing, where the devices are shown in section, you can see the main differences. In the mixing device, the stem has one ball valve. It is centered and overlaps the main passage.

The stem of the separating devices is equipped with two such valves installed at the outlets. They work as follows: one of them is pressed against the saddle, closing the passage, while the other at this time opens the second passage.

The control method of modern models is:

• manual;
• electric.

Most often, a device with a manual control method is used, it looks like a ball valve, but has three outlet pipes. But the models with electric control have automatic control, which is used mainly in private houses. Its task is to distribute heat. For example, the user can adjust the temperature regime in the rooms, and the coolant will flow in accordance with how far the room is from the heater. Alternatively, you can attach it to the warm floor.

Three-way valves, like other devices, are divided accordingly with the pressure in the system and the diameter of the inlet. All this is determined by the regulatory acts of GOST. And if these requirements are not met, this can be regarded as a gross violation, especially when it comes to the pressure indicator inside the line.

Where is this device used?

The three-way valve, whose principle of operation was discussed earlier, is widely used. For example, such varieties of it as an electromagnetic device or a device with a thermal head can be easily found in modern highways, where it is necessary to adjust the proportions during mixing of two separated liquid streams, but the volume or power should not be reduced.

In everyday life, the most popular is the thermostatic mixing device, which, as mentioned earlier, helps to regulate the temperature of the coolant. It can be supplied both to the underfloor heating pipeline and to heating radiators. And in the case when the valve is equipped with automatic control, then the temperature control will be carried out without any problems.

Note! The use of a three-way heating system in the heating system in order to balance temperature drops is beneficial not only from the side of creating convenience and comfortable conditions, but also saves you money.

The bottom line is that by adjusting the temperature of the coolant on the "return" of the heater, you can significantly reduce the amount of fuel consumed, in addition, the efficiency of the system itself will increase. On some systems, installing a valve is simply necessary. For example, in a "warm floor" system, this device does not allow the floor covering to overheat higher than it is necessary for comfortable conditions, thereby saving users from unpleasant sensations.

Regulating devices of this kind are also used in plumbing systems in order to obtain a permanent flow at the required temperature. The most common example is a conventional mixer, which allows you to regulate the temperature of the water by opening and closing valves.

Purchase selection criteria

It must be remembered that during the purchase, be sure to pay attention to the technical characteristics of the device, which include the following:

1. Diameter of the connection to the heating main. Most often, this parameter ranges from 2 to 4 centimeters, although most of it depends on the characteristics of the system. If you cannot find a device of the required diameter, then you need to use a special adapter.
2. Possibility of mounting a servo drive on the device to ensure its automatic operation. This is especially important when the valve is planned to be installed on a warm water floor system.
3. Finally, there is the throughput of the pipeline. This concept means the volume of liquid that can pass through it in a certain time.

There are many manufacturers of three-way valves on the domestic market. The choice of this or that model depends, first of all, on:

• the type of mechanism (and, we recall, it can be mechanical or electrical);
• areas of use (hot water supply, cold water supply, "warm floor", heating).

The most popular device is considered to be Esbe - a Swedish valve from a company that has existed for over a hundred years. It is a reliable, high-quality and durable product that has proven itself in many areas. Combination of European quality and modern technologies.

Another popular model is the American Honeywell - a true brainchild of high technology. Simple operation, convenience and comfort, compactness and reliability - these are the distinctive features of these valves.

Finally, relatively "young" but promising devices are Valtec valves - the result of a joint collaboration between Italian and Russian engineers. All products are of high quality, sold with a seven-year warranty. They differ in that they have a completely affordable cost.

DIY valve installation

We present to your attention several schemes for installing a mixing valve.

A circuit that is mainly used in boiler rooms of those heating systems that are connected to a hydraulic separator or to a gravity collector. The pump, which is located in the second circuit, provides the required circulation of the coolant.

Attention! In the event that the valve is planned to be directly connected to the bypass coolant source, which is connected to port B, then it will be necessary to install a valve with a hydraulic resistance, which will be equivalent to the same resistance of this source.

If this is not done, then the flow rate of the coolant in the section A-B will fluctuate depending on the movement of the stem. It should be noted that this installation scheme provides for a possible interruption of the circulation of the coolant through the source, if the installation is done without a circulation pump or hydraulic separator in the main circuit.

When the return is overheated, it is allowed to get rid of excess pressure using a jumper, which is mounted parallel to the valve mix in the circuit.

The implementation of quantitative regulation by changing the flow rate is the main function performed by this three-way thermal valve. It is used where there is a possibility of bypassing the liquid to the "return", but stopping the circulation, on the contrary, is extremely undesirable. We also present a diagram of the installation of a three-way separating valve:

Important! Such a connection scheme has become quite popular in water and air heating units connected from individual boilers.

In order to link the hydraulic circuits, it is necessary that the pressure losses of the consumer be equal to the losses on the valve - the balance bar in the bypass. The diagram shown here should be used for installation on those pipelines in which there is an excessive head. The movement of the liquid is carried out by a strong pressure, which is generated by a circulation pump.

Simplified mixing elements with temperature fixing

An autonomous three-way valve of a simplified type is allowed to be installed in simple heating systems of country houses, where heat is obtained from a TT-boiler. For functioning, it does not need a thermal head with a temperature sensor, and there is no stem there.

The thermostatic element, which is installed inside the housing, is adjusted to a certain temperature of the coolant at the outlet, for example. 50 or 60 ° C (should be marked on the case).

The mixing valve of this sample always maintains the set temperature of the coolant at the outlet, this setting does not change. Hence, there are positive and negative points when using such fittings:

• the advantage is that it is cheaper than a unit with a thermal head. The difference is about 30%;
• disadvantage - there is no possibility of adjusting the heating of the outgoing heat carrier. If the factory settings are set to 55 ° C, then it will constantly supply water with a given temperature of ± 2 ° C;
• before purchasing a valve of a simplified design, carefully study the documentation for the solid fuel boiler, it usually indicates the minimum return temperature.

The thermostatic three-way valve is a rather useful thing in the heating system of a private house, which makes it possible to efficiently use the heated liquid, and thereby save fuel. Moreover, this part allows you to increase the service life of solid fuel boilers, and also plays the role of a safety element. On the other hand, you should not sculpt the valve anywhere, it is always better to consult with a specialist who is well versed in this.

In the process of designing a heating system, the required power of heating devices is calculated. So it is possible to provide comfortable living conditions in the premises. However, external factors may be present due to which the temperature conditions in the house can change. To maintain the set temperature in the room, it is necessary to regulate the temperature of the heat carrier in the heating circuit. A three-way valve for heating is intended for this purpose. Due to the use of a thermostat, temperature control becomes more convenient.

Another purpose of such a valve is to distribute the coolant along different circuits. For example, heating radiators should receive water of the same temperature, while in the “warm floor” system, the temperature of the coolant should be different. The three-way valve does not serve to reduce the flow of the working medium, but only mixes several streams into one, giving it a given temperature. Or it divides one stream into two, going to different circuits.

Structurally, a three-way valve for heating with or without a thermostat consists of a metal body with three branch pipes. Inside the body there is a mechanism that automatically controls the coolant flows. This mechanism is of two types:

1. Saddle. It is controlled by a working rod that moves up and down. The end of the stem is made in the form of a cone. The valve has a seat inside which is partially or completely overlapped by the tapered stem tip as it moves.
2. Turning. Its regulator is a ball or sector, which has an opening for the passage of liquid. This ball turns, opening or shutting off the coolant flow. The principle of operation is the same as that of a conventional ball valve.

Let's take a quick look at how a three-way valve with a thermostat works. The temperature of the coolant is kept by the valve within the specified limits. When the temperature changes with respect to this limit, the volume of the expanding liquid (gas), which is in the thermostat, changes. The fluid presses on the stem, which opens the line with cold or hot fluid. Thus, the temperature is again equalized to the set values.

Valve types

According to the principle of operation, this valve is subdivided into 2 types:

The internal design of the two valve types differs markedly. The mixing valve has a stem with one shut-off element, which moves between two delivery pipes. In the dividing valve, there are 2 such elements on one rod. When one valve opens the first passage, the second valve automatically closes the second port.

Three-way valve control

A three-way valve for heating with an installed thermostat can be controlled manually or automatically:

1. Manual control. This three-way thermostatic mixing valve is virtually indistinguishable from a conventional ball valve. Its purpose is given only by 3 nozzles on the body. The owners of the premises can independently regulate the degree of heating of radiators and underfloor heating systems, the temperature in other circuits. To do this, simply turn the knob to the appropriate position. Despite the fact that such cranes are inexpensive, they are not very convenient to use. It is necessary to constantly monitor the temperature of the coolant and regulate it.

2. Automatic control. This three-way valve works without outside interference. It is enough to set the settings to it only once. There are the following types of external drives that control the operation of the crane:

Features of mounting a three-way valve

A three-way valve in the heating system can be installed both with single-circuit and multi-circuit distribution of the coolant. For example, this option is perfect for a two-circuit system, in which the coolant is directed to heating radiators, as well as to the underfloor heating system.

Installation of fittings is not particularly difficult. There is an arrow on the valve body that shows the direction of flow of the coolant in the system. Therefore, it is almost impossible to install the fittings incorrectly. The only thing you need to pay attention to is the location of the valve. It must be cut into the line before the circulation pump. This guarantees the normal operation of the heating system.

When installing the 3-way valve, care must be taken to prevent foreign objects or debris from entering the valve. This requirement is especially true if the crane is installed welded. A piece of scale or a drop of molten metal can disrupt the normal operation of the crane, or even lead to its jamming. That is why a threaded connection looks preferable.

Advice: It is advisable to provide the ability to remove the tap from the heating main for preventive checks or repairs. It is recommended to carry out this check before the start of each heating season.

How to choose a three-way valve

An important point is the selection of a suitable three-way valve. In order to immediately choose it correctly, without wasting time on the subsequent exchange, you must be guided by the following tips:

1. First find out the flow rate of the heating medium in your system. This can be taken from the documentation supplied with the boiler. Further, you can select the valve according to the throughput.

2. Method of valve control. It can be controlled manually or automatically. If it is more convenient for you to operate the valve manually, then choose an inexpensive, manual three-way valve. If you prefer automation, then decide on the type of automatic control. For example, the valve will respond to the temperature of the heating medium or to the temperature of the room air.

Tip: A valve with an autonomous thermostat is cheaper than a model with an electric drive. And the safety of such a device will be higher. Also note that a valve with an external controller is practically the most expensive option.

3. Range of variable temperatures. Knowing the temperature of the coolant that will circulate in the heating system, choose a device with the appropriate temperature characteristics.

4. Body material. These valves are most often made of brass, which has good anti-corrosion properties. It is this material that is recommended for purchase. Cast iron cranes are produced only with large diameters, so their application is very specific.

5. Diameter of branch pipes. It must match the diameter of the heating pipelines available in the house. Then you don't have to buy additional adapters.

By correctly choosing and installing a three-way valve with a thermostat, you will provide your home with a reliable heating system, depending on your needs. Thus, not only will the maximum level of comfort in the house be achieved, but also energy resources will be saved. This approach in the modern world is the only correct one in all respects.

Three-way thermostatic mixing valve is a product, the purpose of which is to provide the ability to control and maintain a given temperature of the coolant in the heating system. The peculiarity of the device is that it is equipped with one input and two outputs or two inputs and one output. This design makes it possible to install a three-way valve for the boiler at branch points or where it is necessary to ensure mixing of a heating medium, for example, hot and cold water.

A wide range of products in GSKM

Our company specializes in the implementation of various types of valves. This section presents three-way thermostatic mixing valves of such well-known manufacturers as: HERZ, UNI-FITT. All fixtures are made of high quality brass alloy. Among the main characteristics are reliability and resistance to corrosion. In addition, they are sold at affordable prices.

We offer many types of threaded three-way valves (BP / BP, HP / HP). This makes it possible to select products for any type of heating system. It should also be noted that each device is equipped with a special valve, with which you can set the necessary modes, thereby making fine tuning.

How to Purchase a Three-Way Thermostatic Mixing Valve

To buy the selected product, you need to send it to the basket and complete the purchase. If you encounter difficulties in choosing, we recommend that you contact our operators for help. You can contact us by phone or email. Ask your questions online in a special form. Contact details are indicated in the corresponding section.

Thanks to the creation of comfortable conditions, a water heat-insulated floor is already becoming familiar. Most often he settles down in private estates. To regulate fluid flows, it is necessary to include a three-way valve for a certain type of underfloor heating in the system.

Features of the three-way valve

The mixing of liquid flows, which allows the thermostatic mixing valve to be performed, makes it possible to direct flows into the underfloor heating system with a stable, normatively set temperature. This operation is performed automatically. For mixing inside the device, the already cooled liquid from the "return" is added to the hot water.

The operation takes place in the following sequence:

• hot water flows to the collector included in the underfloor heating system;
• when the thermo-mixing valve passes, the degree of heating of the liquid is determined;
• if the water temperature is higher than the set one, then the passage opens where the cooled liquid enters;
• inside there is a mixing of two streams;
• after reaching the required value, the cold water passage is closed.

Among the disadvantages of three-way valves is the possibility of sudden temperature jumps occurring during the start-up of heated water, which negatively affects the state of the pipeline.

Such a valve, made of brass, has three strokes in its design, which determine the use of different methods of mixing liquid flows, depending on which three types of three-way valves are distinguished.

• A valve with the thermostat function required for underfloor heating. Such a device not only regulates the intensity of the mixed flows, but also ensures the maintenance of the specified temperature in the system. The implementation of this function is facilitated by the presence of a temperature-sensitive element, which, capturing the degree of heating of both flows entering the valve, changes the cross-section of the holes.
• The three-way thermostatic valve of the second type differs in that it provides regulation of the flow rate of only the hot flow. The package includes a thermal head with an external sensor.
• It is also possible to choose a mixing valve from the range of three-way models that does not automatically maintain the set temperature.

Selection criteria

When choosing a mixing valve, it is advisable to focus on several indicators.

Two-way valve characteristics

The two-way valve is a valve retrofit. Built into the collector, it, working in automatic mode, maintains the level of the set temperature. Unlike a traditional valve, this model is focused on passing the liquid flow in one direction. When reinstalling, the entire process of functioning of the warm floor will be disrupted. To extend the service life, a filter is installed in front of the valve to retain mechanical impurities.

Thermo-mixing unit for underfloor heating

Such a thermo-mixing valve is made of brass, steel, and also cast iron. Includes a thermostatic head with a liquid sensor, the purpose of which is to control the temperature of the coolant. During its operation, cool water coming from the "return" flows constantly, while hot coolant is supplied only when needed.

Thanks to this scheme, the warm floor does not overheat, therefore, its operational life is lengthened. Since the throughput of the two-way valve is relatively low, the temperature control is carried out smoothly, without surges. Experts recommend using this device when arranging underfloor heating over a large area exceeding 200 m 2.

Three-way valve connection diagram

Depending on the direction of flow, the thermostatic valve is available in two models.

A mixing valve is installed, equipped with a thermostat, if it is required to ensure a stable temperature of the coolant.

Considering the mixing unit, the following components can be distinguished in it:

• Check Valve;
• temperature sensor;
• circulating pump;
• mixing three-way valve.

The connection diagram includes a circulation pump mounted on the supply. Then a temperature sensor is installed, which is necessary to determine the degree of heating of the incoming water. This is followed by a thermostatic valve. A non-return valve with an outlet is mounted on the "return", which is connected to the pipe with circulating cooled liquid, directed to the mixing valve.

With a similar connection scheme, the coolant moves along the following route.

• Pumping hot water using a circulating pump into the underfloor heating system. The coolant temperature can reach 80 ° C.
• Mixing with cold water by passing a three-way valve. As a result, the required temperature is reached.
• Distribution of the coolant through the pipes of the underfloor heating.
• Return of the cooled water to the "return line", from where it is taken into the three-way valve for subsequent mixing with hot liquid.

With such a connection, the temperature sensor controls the degree of heating of the water entering the water circuit. There are other ways to control it. The most ineffective is the manual method, when it is required to change the flow of flows by turning the handle. There is a variant of control with the help of a servo drive, the commands for which are received from the controller in accordance with the signals received from the sensors.

The thermostatic valve plays an important role in the installation of a water-heated floor. By preventing overheating of the coolant entering the pipes, it saves fuel. In addition, safety is ensured during the operation of a rather complex heating system and the period of trouble-free service is extended.

Video: Do-it-yourself floor heating: do you need a three-way tap

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In modern heating systems, the three-way valve is used quite often, since it is a means of high-quality regulation of the coolant - by temperature, and not by flow. After all, supplying optimally heated water to the radiators is the best way to save energy. Thermal mixing taps have other useful functions, which you can learn about from this article.

But first you need to consider how the three-way valve works, as well as understand its internal structure.

At first, it should be noted that three-way thermostatic valves are divided into several types according to the principle of operation:

• mixing;
• dividing;
• switching.

The purpose of each of the three types of devices can be judged by the name. The first mix two streams of coolant with different temperatures, the second separate, and the third are engaged in switching water in different directions. Outwardly, it is not difficult to recognize each variety, usually the principle of operation is depicted on the body in the form of a picture. This is what a three-way mixing valve for heating looks like:

A similar designation appears on the dividing element. As for the switching valves, there may not be an image on their body, but there are significant external differences in shape.

Isolation (left) and switching (right) valves

By mixing or splitting flows, the optimal temperature of the heating medium is achieved, which is used in various circuits of the heating system. Switching is used in gas double-circuit boilers, when the heated water must be alternately sent to different heat exchangers.

Device and principle of operation

To understand what the three-way thermo-mixing valve of the most common saddle type consists of and how it works, you should study the diagram below. Inside the brass body with three nozzles, 3 chambers are arranged by casting, the passages between which are blocked by poppet valves. They are fixed on one axis - a rod coming out of the body from the fourth side.

The principle of operation is as follows: when the rod is pressed, the passage for one stream will begin to open and gradually close for another, as a result of which water of the required temperature will be obtained in the mixing chamber of the valve. It leaves the brass body of the element through a third port. The adjustment itself and the degree of pressing on the stem is carried out by a thermal head with an external temperature sensor, set in accordance with the diagram (above).

The whole process is worth explaining in more detail. Imagine that an insufficiently heated heat carrier enters from the hot water side. Then the mechanism passes it further, and the third pipe is closed. The remote sensor is filled with a temperature-sensitive liquid and is connected by means of a capillary tube to a reservoir (bellows) inside the thermal head.

When the sensor heats up, this liquid expands, its volume in the tube and the bellows increases, as a result, the latter begins to press on the stem of the three-way valve. The moment of pressing is determined by the adjustment on the scale of the thermostatic head, set to the required temperature. After that, cold water is added to the flow of heated water from the third branch pipe and the temperature of the water at the outlet from the thermo-valve remains unchanged, although at the inlet the coolant continues to heat up.

If the incoming water continues to heat up, the thermostatic valve can completely close the inlet and open the side flow to maintain the set outlet temperature. In this case, the stem is lowered to the lowest position. As soon as the sensor marks the cooling of the coolant, the head will slightly release the stem, the valve seat on the hot side will open and the heated water will begin to mix.

The method of adjusting a three-way valve with a thermostatic head with a sensor is the most popular, since it is quite accurate and simple, and does not require electricity.

If we are talking about a separating valve, the principle of its operation is practically the same, only when the stem is pressed, one flow begins to be divided into two. But in the switching element, the direction of movement is changed by the electric drive, which is described in detail in the video:

Using drives

In addition to the thermostatic head, the valve can be controlled in other ways. The first of them is manual, when the depth of pressing the rod is determined by the rotation of the handle outside the body. Not the best option and is only suitable if the temperature of the water entering the pipes is unchanged. Another option is control by means of a servo and electric drive, which receives commands from the controller. To work together with different actuators, another type of valves is used - rotary, whose device is shown in the figure:

Here there is a certain similarity with a ball valve, only the working swivel element has a different hole shape in order to let the coolant pass in two directions at once. The principle of operation here is simple: the axis is rotated to the required angle, rotated by the drive. The latter is controlled by a controller that receives pulses from one or more sensors. Typically, valve actuators are installed in complex or automated weather-controlled heating systems.

Diagrams for connecting the valve to the heating system

When there is an understanding of what a three-way valve is and what its work is, you can consider various connection schemes, depending on the purpose and role of the element in heating the house. Installation of a thermo-mixing valve is carried out in the following cases:

1. To protect the solid fuel boiler from the effects of condensation and temperature shock after sudden power outages.
2. The coolant in the underfloor heating circuits must be heated to no more than 45 ° C, which is provided by a mixing unit with a three-way valve.
3. To maintain the required temperature of the coolant in different places in the system.

In order to protect the solid fuel heating unit from condensation, it is impossible to allow cooled water from the radiator network to be supplied to the boiler tank during its warming up. For this, the following boiler connection diagram with a bypass and a three-way mixing valve is used:

The circuit works like this. Until the heat generator has warmed up, the water circulates in a small circle through the bypass. When the coolant in the return line heats up to 50-55 ° C, the valve starts to open and mixes in the cold coolant from the system. When the heater enters the operating mode, the bypass is closed and the entire flow goes through the radiators. This topic is covered in more detail in the video:

In the underfloor heating system, this element performs the same functions. The circulation pump drives the coolant along the heating circuits until it starts to cool down. As soon as this happens, the sensor and the thermal head will work, after which the three-way valve will add hot water from the boiler to the closed circuit. How to properly install the underfloor heating collector, pump and valve with your own hands is shown in the diagram:

The next example of use and connection of this important part is the piping of a solid fuel heat generator and a buffer tank, which is a heat accumulator. To warm it up completely quickly enough, the temperature of the supplied coolant must be from 70 to 85 ° C, which is not at all needed in the radiator heating system. The three-way valve installed behind the tank together with a separate circulation pump helps to lower it.

Important. When installing the mixing valve, remember that the pump must be located on the side where the always open connection of the three-way valve is located.

The complex heating system of a large cottage can have many consumers connected by means of a hydraulic arrow and a distribution manifold. Moreover, in each of the circuits, it is necessary to supply a coolant with a different temperature. The highest is needed for an indirect heating boiler, therefore there are no control valves on the supply to it. The rest of the consumers need a colder coolant, and therefore they are connected through three-way valves.

Budget elements with fixed water temperature

In simple heating systems of country houses, receiving thermal energy from a TT-boiler, it is allowed to install a three-way valve of a simplified type, acting autonomously. For work, he does not need a thermal head with a temperature sensor, and there is no rod there either. The thermostatic control element is installed inside the housing and is set to a certain outlet water temperature, for example, 60 or 50 ° C (indicated on the housing).

The scheme of work and the device of the valve

A thermo-mixing valve of this type always maintains a fixed outlet temperature of the coolant; this setting cannot be changed. Hence, there is a plus and a minus in the use of such fittings:

1. The advantage is lower cost than the thermal head assembly. The difference is significant - about 30%.
2. Disadvantage - you cannot regulate the heating of the outgoing heat carrier. When the element from the factory is set to 55 ° C, it will always supply water at this temperature ± 2 ° C.

Advice. Before buying a valve of a simplified design, carefully read the technical documentation for a solid fuel boiler, it often indicates the minimum temperature of the return heat carrier. You will find more information on the use of such fittings.

Conclusion

The thermostatic three-way valve is a very useful thing in the heating system of a private house, which allows you to effectively use the heated coolant, and therefore save fuel. In addition, this simple part plays the role of a safety element for solid fuel boilers and allows them to extend their service life. On the other hand, you should not put the valve unnecessarily and anywhere, always consult with a specialist in this field about this.

• Heading:

Mixing unit diagrams (this is how the underfloor heating unit looks like):

The Santekhmontazh company offers for sale mixing valves for underfloor heating. As an official distributor of the Valtec trademark, we supply only certified materials and components for engineering support of private and public construction projects.

Underfloor water heating has long ceased to be associated with luxury; today it is a smart way to create comfortable and healthy living conditions for people. Special studies, the data of which were taken as the basis for the requirements of international standards ISO 7730, showed that such home temperature conditions are considered the most favorable for a person when at floor level the thermometer shows + 22-24 ° С, and at head level - about + 20 ° WITH.

As practice shows, it is difficult to withstand these conditions with the help of classical engineering solutions, since the heat emanating from conventional radiators immediately rises up, and the floor remains cold. With underfloor heating, the entire floor surface is essentially a low-temperature radiator, so that the flow of warm air is evenly distributed throughout the room.

In our online store you can order thermostatic mixing valves from VALTEC, necessary for the installation of a warm floor. Durable, high-quality and reliable - they simplify the work process and guarantee long-term operation without failures. The use of ready-made modules and assemblies designed specifically for water floor heating systems will allow you to quickly cope with the tasks that arise in the process of its creation.

Valtec pump-mixing units

We present to your attention three-way thermostatic pump-mixing units Valtec Combi and Dual. They create controlled circulation in the loops of the warm water floor; maintain the temperature reduced relative to the heat source; help to separate and connect heating circuits.

Valtec units are compatible with the distribution manifold of the water floor (the center-to-center length of the connecting pipes is 2 meters), the dimensions allow them to be compactly placed in the manifold cabinet.

In terms of accessories for thermostatic units, thermal heads are offered, supplemented by an external patch (VT.5012) or submersible (VT.5011) indicator. The use of pumps from the German company Wilo is recommended.

In addition to the creation of engineering systems such as "warm water floor", ready-made modules from Valtec are used to install other modern types of surface heating, such as ceiling or wall; are used to heat the air in garden greenhouses and outdoor terraces.

Among the valves for the heating system, there is one element that is not used very often. It has a tee-like shape, but has completely different functions. It is a three-way valve with a special operating principle.

What is this device for, and what functions does it perform?

How the device works

Valve operation

Such a valve is installed in those places of the pipeline where it is necessary to split the circulation flow into two circuits:

1. With constant hydraulic mode.
2. With variable.

Usually, a constant hydraulic flow is used by consumers for which a high-quality heat carrier of a certain volume is supplied. It is regulated depending on the quality indicators. The variable stream is consumed by those objects for which the quality indicators are not the main ones. The quantitative coefficient is important for them. That is, for them, the flow is adjusted according to the required amount of coolant.

There are valves in the category of valves and two-way counterparts. What is the difference between these two types? The three-way valve works in a completely different way. In its design, the rod cannot shut off the flow with a constant hydraulic regime. It is always open and set for a certain volume of heating medium. This means that consumers will receive the required volume both in quantitative and qualitative terms.

Essentially, the valve cannot shut off the flow to the constant flow circuit. But it is capable of overlapping the alternating direction, thereby making it possible to regulate the pressure and flow rate.

If you combine two two-way valves, you get a three-way design. In this case, both valves must work in reverse, that is, when the first one is closed, the second must open.

Types of three-way valves

According to the principle of operation, this type is divided into two subspecies:

1. Mixing.
2. Separating.

From the name alone, you can understand how each type works. The mixer has one outlet and two inlets. That is, it performs the function of mixing two streams, which is necessary to lower the temperature of the coolant. By the way, this is an ideal device for creating the required temperature in underfloor heating systems.

Valve types

It is quite easy to control the temperature of the exit ceiling. To do this, it is necessary to know the temperature of the two incoming streams and to accurately calculate the proportions of each in order to obtain the required temperature regime at the outlet. By the way, this type of device, if properly installed and adjusted, can also work according to the principle of separation of streams.

A three-way separating valve splits the main flow in two... Therefore, it has two outputs and one input. This appliance is commonly used to separate hot water in hot water systems. Often, experts install it in the piping of air heaters.

In appearance, both devices are no different from each other. But if we consider their drawing in section, then there is one difference that immediately catches the eye. The mixer has a stem with one ball valve. It is located in the center and overlaps the saddle of the main aisle. In a dividing valve, there are two such valves on one stem, and they are installed in the outlet pipes. The principle of their operation is as follows - the first closes one passage, pressing against the saddle, and the second at this time opens another passage.

The modern three-way valve is divided into two types according to the control method:

• Manual.
• Electric.

Valve with actuator

More often you have to deal with a manual option, which is similar to a conventional ball valve, with only three branch pipes - outlets. Electric automatic systems are most often used for heat distribution in private housing construction . For example, you can adjust the temperature across rooms by distributing the coolant depending on the distance between the room and the heating boiler. Or provide a combination with a warm floor system. Devices of large cross-country ability are installed on heat pipes between buildings.

Like any device, a three-way valve is determined by the diameter of the supply pipe and the pressure of the coolant. Hence the GOST, which allows certification. Failure to comply with GOST is a gross violation, especially when it comes to pressure inside the pipeline.