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Experience in the design of water wells in the Moscow region
(Toolkit)
(Authors Kasatkin D.V. and Prokopovich G.A. - developers of the collection GESN-2001-04.)
This manual discusses the methodology for drawing up a bill of quantities for preparing estimates for drilling water wells. The manual is intended for professionals involved in drilling pricing. It will also be useful in the examination of water well drilling projects.
A well drilling project, as a rule, is an integral part of a water intake project. The cost takes no more than 10% of the total cost of design work. In this regard, very little attention is paid to the issue of well design in the special and regulatory literature. At the same time, water well drilling is a highly specific type of work, which is owned by a rather limited circle of specialists.
This work is intended for a wide range of specialists who, by the nature of their work, are faced with the design of drilling water wells. It can also be useful for the examination of drilling projects, for surveyors, for students of construction and drilling specialties.
The preparation of a well drilling project is based on the general construction regulatory framework. However, due to its specificity, the design cannot be fit into the framework proposed by the builders, since the problem under consideration is closely related to the development of subsoil, the protection of groundwater, and the increased social significance of the extracted mineral.
Methodology for compiling bills of quantities of work and budgeting by type of work
The methodology for drawing up statements of volumes of work and estimates for drilling work during the construction of water wells is tied to the 4th collection of GESN-2001 "Wells".
Working drawings for a well, attached to the project, are called a geological and technical section or a geological and technical order (GTP). This document, as a rule, reflects a lot of technological details that are superfluous when drawing up bills of quantities or estimates.
The section discusses in great detail the issue of the technological cycle of rotary drilling, with calculations of equipment and materials for the production of work.
A bill of quantities and materials is presented.
In the methodology, some issues of drawing up a statement of the volume of work and estimates for the liquidation plugging of non-self-flowing water wells are considered.
There are no separate prices for the specified type of work in the estimated regulatory base. Therefore, when drawing up estimates, it is necessary to tie the technological cycle to the existing prices. Note also that this paper considers the implementation of the liquidation plugging in relation to the practice prevailing in the Moscow region. As a rule, the "Rules for liquidation plugging of boreholes for various purposes, backfilling of mine workings and abandoned wells to prevent pollution and depletion of groundwater", approved by the USSR Ministry of Geology and the USSR Ministry of Health in 1966-67, act as a regulatory technological document.
Examples of budgeting for work in wells
This section provides examples of budgeting for various operations in wells at a certain averaged section for wells of various depths and designs.
Drilling.
The section describes the rules for drawing up well structures, technological modes, methods for calculating the cementing of casing pipes, as well as local estimates. Wells are represented with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3).
For drilling an artesian well with a depth of 100 m, respectively, and for structures (with a capacity of 6, 16, 40, 65, 120 m 3 / h), 122 m (6, 16, 40, 65, 120 m 3 / h), 172 m (40 , 65, 120 m 3 / hour), 240 m (16, 40, 65) in total 17 estimates.
As an example, construction 2-3 is presented.
In fig. 1 shows the geological and technical outfit (well structure), the procedure for the production of work and the specification of materials.
Drilling of the projected wells to the Podolsko-Myachkovsky aquifer is provided by rotary drilling using a URB 3-AZ, 1BA-15V machine. The design depth of the wells is 122.0 m. The operational diameter is 219 - 426 mm.
The working conditions are described on the design geological and technical section.
Well drilling is designed without coring. Geological control along the wellbore is carried out by the method of cutting cuttings every 3-5 m of penetration and additionally when changing layers.
Driving of rocks (interval 0.0 - 57.0 m) is carried out using colloidal clay mud, drilling in aquifers (interval 57.0 - 122.0 m) is carried out with flushing with clean water.
A mud with a density ofr= 1.15-1.20 g / cm 3, viscosity 20-25 seconds according to SPV-5, water loss 5-15 cm 3 in 30 minutes, sand content up to 4%. When opening rocks in zones of disturbances prone to collapses, the parameters of the drilling fluid should be within the following range: densityr= 1.30-1.35 g / cm 3, viscosity 21-30 sec according to SPV-5, water loss 5-10 cm 3 in 30 minutes, sand content up to 2%.
When drilling a well, a single-stage cementing method is used with the use of two dividing plugs. Cementation is carried out with Portland cement using cement mixing machines and cementing units of the 1AS-20 and 3AS-30 types. For pumping and pushing the cement slurry, special cementing units of the TsA-1.4-1-150 type are used.
Electricity is supplied from existing networks, water is imported.
If there is a water supply source near the work site (a watercourse, a pond, a shaft well, a well for a Quaternary horizon, etc.), to provide water for the drilling process, it is necessary to provide for the laying of a temporary water supply from the source to the place of work.
The interval 0-10 m is covered with a bit (roller cone reamer)Æ 590 mm with the subsequent installation of the guide columnÆ 530 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 490 mm.
To a depth of 27.0 m, drilling is carried out with a tricone bitÆ 490 mm, then the passed interval is fixed with a casing stringÆ 426 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 395 mm.
To a depth of 57.0 m, drilling is carried out with a tricone bitÆ 395 mm, then the passed interval is fixed with a casing stringÆ 324 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 295 mm.
After the cementing works, the casing strings are tested for tightness by creating an internal overpressure.
To the target depth of 122.0 m, the well is drilled with a tricone bitÆ 295 mm with clean water rinsing.
The filter has a supra-filter part, a working filter part and a sump. The design of the filter column (the position of the working and blind parts) is specified according to the actual section.
The well is flushed with clean water (short-term pumping with an airlift or a submersible pump), after which an experimental pumping is carried out in it with mandatory water sampling to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological composition of the water.
The procedure for the production of work and the specification of materials.
Typical design (2-3)
The procedure for the production of work
The well design with a depth of 122 m was developed for rotary-rotary drilling using a 1BA-15V installation.
The exploited aquifer: Podolsko-Myachkovsky Middle Carboniferous (С 2 pd-mc).
Driving of rocks is carried out using colloidal mud in the interval 0-57 m, drilling in the interval 57-122 m is carried out with flushing with clean water.
Pipe strings are cementedÆ 530, 426 and 324 mm with the lifting of the cement slurry from the shoe to the wellhead.
To clarify the geological section and the most inflow zones in the well, geophysical work is carried out as part of measurements of PS, CS for each casing, gamma-ray logging (along the entire wellbore), caliper logging, resistivity logging.
Filter columnÆ 219 mm set from 0 to 122 m with perforation at the aquifer level.
The duty cycle of the filter is up to 20%. The position of the working and blind parts of the filter is specified according to the results of well logging.
After the installation of the filter column, the well is flushed with clean water (short-term pumping with a submersible pump), after which it is subjected to experimental and operational pumping. Pumping is carried out continuously by two drops. The first reduction with a flow rate of 25-30% higher than the design one. The second reduction is made with a flow rate equal to the design one. Pumping is considered complete after 16 hours after the dynamic level has stabilized and when the water is completely clarified. At the end of pumping, water samples are taken for complete physicochemical and bacteriological analyzes. The duration of pumping is 6 days. For evacuation, an ETsV type pump can be used.
The well is an exploration and production well, and therefore the geological section, depth, well design, flow rate and water level position are corrected during the drilling process.
Well design
Material specification
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Name |
Quantity |
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Unit, kg |
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Shoe D-20 |
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Shoe D-16 |
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Shoe D-12 |
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Filter - Т-8Ф1В Section length 3.1 m |
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Mixing water solution |
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Bentonite powder |
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Rinsing water |
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LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
For drilling an artesian well with a depth of 120 m
An object: Artesian well with a depth of 122 m with a productivity of 40 cubic meters / hour (typical design 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost : 552.17 thousand rubles.
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
||||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
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|
FER-04-01-003-3 PM-3.1; K = 1.9 |
Rotary drilling of wells with direct flushing with machines with a diesel engine up to a depth of 200 m in soils of 3 groups |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K-1.9 |
Rotary drilling of wells with direct flushing with machines with a diesel engine to a depth of 200 m in soils of group 5 |
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STsM, part 1, river IX, pos. 56; MOGE Benefit pos.3.2.3 K = 23.32; |
Chisel 3-ball. 45D-490S, cutter steel 18ХН3МА, steel paw 14 Х2Н3МА |
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FER-04-01-003-3 PM-3.1; K = 1.9; Cr = 0.7 |
Expansion of the wellbore in the interval of 0-10 m to a diameter of 590 mm |
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´ 1.098 = 1.25; MOGE Benefit pos.3.2.3 K = 23.32; |
´ 1,25 |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1.9; Cr = 0.7 |
Expansion of the wellbore in the interval of 0-10 m to a diameter of 590 mm |
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GKTs USSR. Cheating, opt. prices, ref. No. 6, page 85, item 39, k = 1.138 ´ 1.098 = 1.25; MOGE Benefit pos.3.2.3 K = 23.32; |
Roller cutter reamer type D-24a, 936 ´ 1,25 |
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FSSTS-1 pos. 3662 Code 109-0012 |
Bentonite clay |
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FSSTS-4 pos. 1755 Code 411-0001 |
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FER-04-02-002-6 PM-3.9 K = 2.3 |
Casing of a well with a final depth of up to 200 m during rotary drilling with pipes with a welded joint in soils of the 2nd group of stability; column diameter up to 600 mm |
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FER-04-02-006-10 |
Welding of casing pipes, outer diameter up to 530 mm |
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FER-04-02-007-10 |
Cutting of casing pipes, outer diameter up to 530 mm |
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FER-04-03-001-1 PM-3.12 K = 1.07 |
Cementation of the annular space during rotary drilling with a depth of planting of the cemented casing up to 50 m; column diameter up to 550 mm |
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FER-04-04-005-1 |
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MDS 81-33.2004 |
Overhead 112% * 0.94fot |
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Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
Liquidation of wells.
The well abandonment technique is described in the "Rules for sanitary-technical sealing (plugging) of water wells", the full text of the Rules is placed in this manual. For liquidation plugging of an artesian well with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1 ¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1 ¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1 ¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1 ¸ 4-3).
Geological and technical outfit of liquidation grouting EXAMPLE OF AN ESTIMATE 02
Types of work on liquidation grouting and conditions of their production EXAMPLE OF AN ESTIMATE 03
An example of a local estimate for the abandonment of wells EXAMPLE OF AN ESTIMATE 04
LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
For liquidation plugging of an artesian well with a depth of 122 m
An object:Liquid well plugging (Construction 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 93.66 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1 |
Drilling out a wellbore from limestone sediments in the interval 112-122 m with a 190 mm bit |
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FSSTS-1 pos. 3675; 109-0025 |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1; Cr = 0.5 |
Wellbore development in the interval 0-112 m |
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MDS 81-33.2004 Pis. UT-260/06 FROM 31.01.05 K = 0.94 |
Construction overhead 112% ´ 0.94 from payroll |
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MDS 81-25.2001 |
Estimated profit during construction works 51% of the payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
For cleaning the wellbore and drilling out the blocked part of the wellbore with a depth of 122 m
An object:Art well with a depth of 122 m (Construction 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 90.75 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
|||||||||||||
|
FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1; Cr = 0.5 |
Wellbore development in the 0-57 m interval |
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|
FSSTS-1 pos. 3675; 109-0025 |
Tricone bit type III 190.5TKZ-TsV |
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|
FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1 |
Rotary drilling of wells with direct flushing with machines with a diesel engine up to a depth of 200 m in soils of group 5 with flushing with clean water |
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|
FSSTS-1 pos. 3675; 109-0025 |
Tricone bit type III 190.5TKZ-TsV |
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FSSTS-4 pos. 1755 Code 411-0001 |
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FER-04-04-005-1 |
Pumping water with a pump during rotary drilling at a well depth of up to 500 m |
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|
MDS 81-33.2004 Pis. UT-260/06 FROM 31.01.05 K = 0.94 |
Overhead 112% ´ 0.94 from payroll |
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|
Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
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LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
Fishing work in a well with a depth of 122 m
An object:Arts well with a depth of 122 m (Constructions 2-1 - 2-5)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 22.08 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
|||||||||||||
|
FER-04-02-004-1 PM-3.10 K = 0.7 |
Free descent and ascent of fishing pipes with couplings in pipes of larger diameter during rotary drilling with installations with a carrying capacity of 12.5 tons; column diameter up to 150 mm 10 runs 57 each ´ 2 m |
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|
FER-04-02-005-4TCH-3.11K = 0.9 |
Extraction of pipes from a well with a depth of up to 400 m by rotary drilling machines from soils of the 2nd group of stability; column diameter up to 200 mm |
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|
MDS 81-33.2004 Pis. UT-260/06 FROM 31.01.05 K = 0.94 |
Overhead 112% ´ 0.94 from payroll |
|||||||||||||
|
Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
||||||||||||||
|
TOTAL according to the estimate |
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To replace the filter string in the well
To replace the filter string in a well with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3) 17 estimates in total
For 1-time reagent treatment of an artesian well with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3) 17 estimates in total
For cleaning the wellbore and drilling out the blocked part of the wellbore with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3).
For fishing work
in wells with a depth of 100 m, 122 m ( EXAMPLE LOCAL ESTIMATE 5), 172 m, 240 m.
LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
Fishing in a well with a depth of 122 m
An object:Arts well with a depth of 122 m (Construction 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 22.08 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
|||||||||||||||||
|
FER-04-02-004-1 PM-3.10 K = 0.7 |
Free descent and ascent of fishing pipes with couplings in pipes of larger diameter during rotary drilling with installations with a carrying capacity of 12.5 tons; column diameter up to 150 mm 10 runs 57 each ´ 2 m |
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|
FER-04-02-005-4 PM-3.11 K = 0.9 |
Extraction of pipes from a well with a depth of up to 400 m by rotary drilling machines from soils of the 2nd group of stability; column diameter up to 200 mm |
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| 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
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Typical design (2-3)
TYPES OF WORK FOR DISPOSAL DUMPING AND CONDITIONS OF THEIR PRODUCTION
Sanitary-technical sealing of the well is carried out in accordance with the current "Rules for the liquidation plugging of boreholes for various purposes, backfilling of mine workings and abandoned wells to prevent pollution and depletion of groundwater".
The work is carried out in two stages: I - preparation, II - termination.
I.
1. Installation of a drilling rig above the wellhead.
2. Dismantling of the ETsV pump -
3.Conducting borehole geophysical surveys (actual depth, condition of production and filter strings) -
4. Drilling out blockages in the well (10 m).
5. Cleaning the walls of the operating filter column in the interval 0-122 m from corrosion, build-up and silting.
6. Removing the filter column d = 219 mm, installed in the interval 0-122 m.
7. Flushing the wellbore with bleach solution with a dose of active chlorine of at least 125 mg / l by mixing and replacing the water in the well in the amount of 3 wellbore volumes. Chlorine contact with water for at least 4 hours.
Well volume: V CKB = 0.785 (d 1 2 h 1 + d 2 2 h 2 + ... + d n 2 h n)
Solution volume: Vp 1 = V CKB´ 3 ´ l, l.
The amount of bleach: P 1 = Vp 1´ 0,5
The duration of disinfection is 1 day.
8. Pumping water out of the well by airlift until the water quality stabilizes - clarification, chloride content, and the stability of the bulk composition. The duration of pumping is 3 days.
9. Disinfection of building materials that will be filled into the well is carried out with a solution of bleach with a dose of active chlorine of at least 100 mg / l of water by pouring over building materials and mixing with shovels.
The amount of building materials: V page mat. = V gravel + V sand
Solution volume: Vp 2 = V page mat. ´ 4 ´ 1.5. The amount of bleach: Р 2 = Vp 2´ 0,5
10. Calculation of the required amount of water is carried out according to the formula: V water = V p 1 + V p 2 + V water for cement
II
1. The wellbore in the interval of the exploited aquifer is backfilled with washed and disinfected material (gravel, crushed stone) from 122 m to 55 m, then it is backfilled with washed and disinfected sand (with ramming) to a height of 3 m (55-52 m).
2. Installation of a cement bridge in the interval of 52-47 m (cement mortar composition 1: 0.5). (OZTs - 3 days).
7. After the cement slurry has hardened, a 1-hole pit is dug around the wellbore.´ 1 ´ 1 = 1 m 3, which is filled with cement mortar of the composition 1: 3.
8. On the cement slab, the well number and plugging date are stamped out.
9. At the end of the work, an act is drawn up on the production of sanitary-technical sealing of the well.
WELL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Location:
2. Well number:
3. Organization that carried out the drilling:
4. Year of construction:
5. Absolute wellhead elevation:
6. Well depth: 122 m.
7. The exploited aquifer: podolsko-myachkovsky v. middle carbon fiber (С 2 pd-mc)
8. Static level during drilling:
9. Well productivity during drilling:
10 Static level at the time of examination:
11. Well productivity at the time of the survey:
|
SPECIFICATION OF MATERIALS |
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Name of materials |
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Backfill cement |
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Filter material |
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|
Quartz sand |
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|
Bleaching powder |
|||
|
COMPOSITION OF CEMENT MORTAR |
|||
|
Name of materials |
Concentration |
||
|
Backfill cement |
|||
|
Sifted sand |
|||
Reagent treatments
This section describes reagents for well production recovery, equipment and technology for reagent treatment of wells.
In total, the manual contains 21 drawings and 89 local estimates.
Experience in the design of water wells in the Moscow region
(Toolkit)
(Authors Kasatkin D.V. and Prokopovich G.A. - developers of the collection GESN-2001-04.)
This manual discusses the methodology for drawing up a bill of quantities for preparing estimates for drilling water wells. The manual is intended for professionals involved in drilling pricing. It will also be useful in the examination of water well drilling projects.
A well drilling project, as a rule, is an integral part of a water intake project. The cost takes no more than 10% of the total cost of design work. In this regard, very little attention is paid to the issue of well design in the special and regulatory literature. At the same time, water well drilling is a highly specific type of work, which is owned by a rather limited circle of specialists.
This work is intended for a wide range of specialists who, by the nature of their work, are faced with the design of drilling water wells. It can also be useful for the examination of drilling projects, for surveyors, for students of construction and drilling specialties.
The preparation of a well drilling project is based on the general construction regulatory framework. However, due to its specificity, the design cannot be fit into the framework proposed by the builders, since the problem under consideration is closely related to the development of subsoil, the protection of groundwater, and the increased social significance of the extracted mineral.
Methodology for compiling bills of quantities of work and budgeting by type of work
The methodology for drawing up statements of volumes of work and estimates for drilling work during the construction of water wells is tied to the 4th collection of GESN-2001 "Wells".
Working drawings for a well, attached to the project, are called a geological and technical section or a geological and technical order (GTP). This document, as a rule, reflects a lot of technological details that are superfluous when drawing up bills of quantities or estimates.
The section discusses in great detail the issue of the technological cycle of rotary drilling, with calculations of equipment and materials for the production of work.
A bill of quantities and materials is presented.
In the methodology, some issues of drawing up a statement of the volume of work and estimates for the liquidation plugging of non-self-flowing water wells are considered.
There are no separate prices for the specified type of work in the estimated regulatory base. Therefore, when drawing up estimates, it is necessary to tie the technological cycle to the existing prices. Note also that this paper considers the implementation of the liquidation plugging in relation to the practice prevailing in the Moscow region. As a rule, the "Rules for liquidation plugging of boreholes for various purposes, backfilling of mine workings and abandoned wells to prevent pollution and depletion of groundwater", approved by the USSR Ministry of Geology and the USSR Ministry of Health in 1966-67, act as a regulatory technological document.
Examples of budgeting for work in wells
This section provides examples of budgeting for various operations in wells at a certain averaged section for wells of various depths and designs.
Drilling.
The section describes the rules for drawing up well structures, technological modes, methods for calculating the cementing of casing pipes, as well as local estimates. Wells are represented with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1
¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3).For drilling an artesian well with a depth of 100 m, respectively, and for structures (with a capacity of 6, 16, 40, 65, 120 m 3 / h), 122 m (6, 16, 40, 65, 120 m 3 / h), 172 m (40 , 65, 120 m 3 / hour), 240 m (16, 40, 65) in total 17 estimates.
As an example, construction 2-3 is presented.
In fig. 1 shows the geological and technical outfit (well structure), the procedure for the production of work and the specification of materials.
Drilling of the projected wells to the Podolsko-Myachkovsky aquifer is provided by rotary drilling using a URB 3-AZ, 1BA-15V machine. The design depth of the wells is 122.0 m. The operational diameter is 219 - 426 mm.
The working conditions are described on the design geological and technical section.
Well drilling is designed without coring. Geological control along the wellbore is carried out by the method of cutting cuttings every 3-5 m of penetration and additionally when changing layers.
Driving of rocks (interval 0.0 - 57.0 m) is carried out using colloidal clay mud, drilling in aquifers (interval 57.0 - 122.0 m) is carried out with flushing with clean water.
A mud with a density ofr= 1.15-1.20 g / cm 3, viscosity 20-25 seconds according to SPV-5, water loss 5-15 cm 3 in 30 minutes, sand content up to 4%. When opening rocks in zones of disturbances prone to collapses, the parameters of the drilling fluid should be within the following range: densityr= 1.30-1.35 g / cm 3, viscosity 21-30 sec according to SPV-5, water loss 5-10 cm 3 in 30 minutes, sand content up to 2%.
When drilling a well, a single-stage cementing method is used with the use of two dividing plugs. Cementation is carried out with Portland cement using cement mixing machines and cementing units of the 1AS-20 and 3AS-30 types. For pumping and pushing the cement slurry, special cementing units of the TsA-1.4-1-150 type are used.
Electricity is supplied from existing networks, water is imported.
If there is a water supply source near the work site (a watercourse, a pond, a shaft well, a well for a Quaternary horizon, etc.), to provide water for the drilling process, it is necessary to provide for the laying of a temporary water supply from the source to the place of work.
The interval 0-10 m is covered with a bit (roller cone reamer)Æ 590 mm with the subsequent installation of the guide columnÆ 530 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 490 mm.
To a depth of 27.0 m, drilling is carried out with a tricone bitÆ 490 mm, then the passed interval is fixed with a casing stringÆ 426 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 395 mm.
To a depth of 57.0 m, drilling is carried out with a tricone bitÆ 395 mm, then the passed interval is fixed with a casing stringÆ 324 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 295 mm.
After the cementing works, the casing strings are tested for tightness by creating an internal overpressure.
To the target depth of 122.0 m, the well is drilled with a tricone bitÆ 295 mm with clean water rinsing.
The filter has a supra-filter part, a working filter part and a sump. The design of the filter column (the position of the working and blind parts) is specified according to the actual section.
The well is flushed with clean water (short-term pumping with an airlift or a submersible pump), after which an experimental pumping is carried out in it with mandatory water sampling to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological composition of the water.
The procedure for the production of work and the specification of materials.
Typical design (2-3)
The procedure for the production of work
The well design with a depth of 122 m was developed for rotary-rotary drilling using a 1BA-15V installation.
The exploited aquifer: Podolsko-Myachkovsky Middle Carboniferous (С 2 pd-mc).
Driving of rocks is carried out using colloidal mud in the interval 0-57 m, drilling in the interval 57-122 m is carried out with flushing with clean water.
Pipe strings are cementedÆ 530, 426 and 324 mm with the lifting of the cement slurry from the shoe to the wellhead.
To clarify the geological section and the most inflow zones in the well, geophysical work is carried out as part of measurements of PS, CS for each casing, gamma-ray logging (along the entire wellbore), caliper logging, resistivity logging.
Filter columnÆ 219 mm set from 0 to 122 m with perforation at the aquifer level.
The duty cycle of the filter is up to 20%. The position of the working and blind parts of the filter is specified according to the results of well logging.
After the installation of the filter column, the well is flushed with clean water (short-term pumping with a submersible pump), after which it is subjected to experimental and operational pumping. Pumping is carried out continuously by two drops. The first reduction with a flow rate of 25-30% higher than the design one. The second reduction is made with a flow rate equal to the design one. Pumping is considered complete after 16 hours after the dynamic level has stabilized and when the water is completely clarified. At the end of pumping, water samples are taken for complete physicochemical and bacteriological analyzes. The duration of pumping is 6 days. For evacuation, an ETsV type pump can be used.
The well is an exploration and production well, and therefore the geological section, depth, well design, flow rate and water level position are corrected during the drilling process.
Well design
Material specification
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Name |
Quantity |
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|
Unit, kg |
|||||
|
Shoe D-20 |
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Shoe D-16 |
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Shoe D-12 |
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Filter - Т-8Ф1В Section length 3.1 m |
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Mixing water solution |
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Bentonite powder |
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Rinsing water |
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LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
For drilling an artesian well with a depth of 120 m
An object: Artesian well with a depth of 122 m with a productivity of 40 cubic meters / hour (typical design 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost : 552.17 thousand rubles.
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
||||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
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|
FER-04-01-003-3 PM-3.1; K = 1.9 |
Rotary drilling of wells with direct flushing with machines with a diesel engine up to a depth of 200 m in soils of 3 groups |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K-1.9 |
Rotary drilling of wells with direct flushing with machines with a diesel engine to a depth of 200 m in soils of group 5 |
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|
STsM, part 1, river IX, pos. 56; MOGE Benefit pos.3.2.3 K = 23.32; |
Chisel 3-ball. 45D-490S, cutter steel 18ХН3МА, steel paw 14 Х2Н3МА |
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FER-04-01-003-3 PM-3.1; K = 1.9; Cr = 0.7 |
Expansion of the wellbore in the interval of 0-10 m to a diameter of 590 mm |
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|
´ 1.098 = 1.25; MOGE Benefit pos.3.2.3 K = 23.32; |
´ 1,25 |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1.9; Cr = 0.7 |
Expansion of the wellbore in the interval of 0-10 m to a diameter of 590 mm |
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|
GKTs USSR. Cheating, opt. prices, ref. No. 6, page 85, item 39, k = 1.138 ´ 1.098 = 1.25; MOGE Benefit pos.3.2.3 K = 23.32; |
Roller cutter reamer type D-24a, 936 ´ 1,25 |
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FSSTS-1 pos. 3662 Code 109-0012 |
Bentonite clay |
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FSSTS-4 pos. 1755 Code 411-0001 |
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FER-04-02-002-6 PM-3.9 K = 2.3 |
Casing of a well with a final depth of up to 200 m during rotary drilling with pipes with a welded joint in soils of the 2nd group of stability; column diameter up to 600 mm |
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FER-04-02-006-10 |
Welding of casing pipes, outer diameter up to 530 mm |
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FER-04-02-007-10 |
Cutting of casing pipes, outer diameter up to 530 mm |
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FER-04-03-001-1 PM-3.12 K = 1.07 |
Cementation of the annular space during rotary drilling with a depth of planting of the cemented casing up to 50 m; column diameter up to 550 mm |
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FER-04-04-005-1 |
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MDS 81-33.2004 |
Overhead 112% * 0.94fot |
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Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
Liquidation of wells.
The well abandonment technique is described in the "Rules for sanitary-technical sealing (plugging) of water wells", the full text of the Rules is placed in this manual. For liquidation plugging of an artesian well with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1 ¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1 ¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1 ¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1 ¸ 4-3).
Geological and technical outfit of liquidation grouting EXAMPLE OF AN ESTIMATE 02
Types of work on liquidation grouting and conditions of their production EXAMPLE OF AN ESTIMATE 03
An example of a local estimate for the abandonment of wells EXAMPLE OF AN ESTIMATE 04
LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
For liquidation plugging of an artesian well with a depth of 122 m
An object:Liquid well plugging (Construction 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 93.66 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
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|
FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1 |
Drilling out a wellbore from limestone sediments in the interval 112-122 m with a 190 mm bit |
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FSSTS-1 pos. 3675; 109-0025 |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1; Cr = 0.5 |
Wellbore development in the interval 0-112 m |
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MDS 81-33.2004 Pis. UT-260/06 FROM 31.01.05 K = 0.94 |
Construction overhead 112% ´ 0.94 from payroll |
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MDS 81-25.2001 |
Estimated profit during construction works 51% of the payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
For cleaning the wellbore and drilling out the blocked part of the wellbore with a depth of 122 m
An object:Art well with a depth of 122 m (Construction 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 90.75 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
|||||||||||||
|
FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1; Cr = 0.5 |
Wellbore development in the 0-57 m interval |
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|
FSSTS-1 pos. 3675; 109-0025 |
Tricone bit type III 190.5TKZ-TsV |
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FER-04-01-003-5 PM-3.1; K = 1 |
Rotary drilling of wells with direct flushing with machines with a diesel engine up to a depth of 200 m in soils of group 5 with flushing with clean water |
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|
FSSTS-1 pos. 3675; 109-0025 |
Tricone bit type III 190.5TKZ-TsV |
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FSSTS-4 pos. 1755 Code 411-0001 |
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|
FER-04-04-005-1 |
Pumping water with a pump during rotary drilling at a well depth of up to 500 m |
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|
MDS 81-33.2004 Pis. UT-260/06 FROM 31.01.05 K = 0.94 |
Overhead 112% ´ 0.94 from payroll |
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Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
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LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
Fishing work in a well with a depth of 122 m
An object:Arts well with a depth of 122 m (Constructions 2-1 - 2-5)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 22.08 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
|||||||||||||
|
FER-04-02-004-1 PM-3.10 K = 0.7 |
Free descent and ascent of fishing pipes with couplings in pipes of larger diameter during rotary drilling with installations with a carrying capacity of 12.5 tons; column diameter up to 150 mm 10 runs 57 each ´ 2 m |
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|
FER-04-02-005-4TCH-3.11K = 0.9 |
Extraction of pipes from a well with a depth of up to 400 m by rotary drilling machines from soils of the 2nd group of stability; column diameter up to 200 mm |
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|
MDS 81-33.2004 Pis. UT-260/06 FROM 31.01.05 K = 0.94 |
Overhead 112% ´ 0.94 from payroll |
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|
Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
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|
TOTAL according to the estimate |
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To replace the filter string in the well
To replace the filter string in a well with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3) 17 estimates in total
For 1-time reagent treatment of an artesian well with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3) 17 estimates in total
For cleaning the wellbore and drilling out the blocked part of the wellbore with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3).
For fishing work
in wells with a depth of 100 m, 122 m ( EXAMPLE LOCAL ESTIMATE 5), 172 m, 240 m.
LOCAL ESTIMATE NO.
Fishing in a well with a depth of 122 m
An object:Arts well with a depth of 122 m (Construction 2-3)
Base: Drawings no.
Estimated cost: 22.08 thousand rubles
Well depth: 122 m
Compiled at 2001 prices.
|
Price justification |
Name of works and costs |
Unit cost, rub. |
The cost of TOTAL, rub. |
|||||||||||||||
|
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
TOTAL direct costs |
Including |
|||||||||||||||
|
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
pay for construction workers |
Operation of machines and mechanisms |
Material resources |
|||||||||||||
|
incl. payment of drivers |
incl. payment of drivers |
|||||||||||||||||
|
FER-04-02-004-1 PM-3.10 K = 0.7 |
Free descent and ascent of fishing pipes with couplings in pipes of larger diameter during rotary drilling with installations with a carrying capacity of 12.5 tons; column diameter up to 150 mm 10 runs 57 each ´ 2 m |
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|
FER-04-02-005-4 PM-3.11 K = 0.9 |
Extraction of pipes from a well with a depth of up to 400 m by rotary drilling machines from soils of the 2nd group of stability; column diameter up to 200 mm |
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| 5 | ||||||||||||||||||
|
Estimated profit 51% of payroll |
||||||||||||||||||
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TOTAL according to the estimate |
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Typical design (2-3)
TYPES OF WORK FOR DISPOSAL DUMPING AND CONDITIONS OF THEIR PRODUCTION
Sanitary-technical sealing of the well is carried out in accordance with the current "Rules for the liquidation plugging of boreholes for various purposes, backfilling of mine workings and abandoned wells to prevent pollution and depletion of groundwater".
The work is carried out in two stages: I - preparation, II - termination.
I.
1. Installation of a drilling rig above the wellhead.
2. Dismantling of the ETsV pump -
3.Conducting borehole geophysical surveys (actual depth, condition of production and filter strings) -
4. Drilling out blockages in the well (10 m).
5. Cleaning the walls of the operating filter column in the interval 0-122 m from corrosion, build-up and silting.
6. Removing the filter column d = 219 mm, installed in the interval 0-122 m.
7. Flushing the wellbore with bleach solution with a dose of active chlorine of at least 125 mg / l by mixing and replacing the water in the well in the amount of 3 wellbore volumes. Chlorine contact with water for at least 4 hours.
Well volume: V CKB = 0.785 (d 1 2 h 1 + d 2 2 h 2 + ... + d n 2 h n)
Solution volume: Vp 1 = V CKB´ 3 ´ l, l.
The amount of bleach: P 1 = Vp 1´ 0,5
The duration of disinfection is 1 day.
8. Pumping water out of the well by airlift until the water quality stabilizes - clarification, chloride content, and the stability of the bulk composition. The duration of pumping is 3 days.
9. Disinfection of building materials that will be filled into the well is carried out with a solution of bleach with a dose of active chlorine of at least 100 mg / l of water by pouring over building materials and mixing with shovels.
The amount of building materials: V page mat. = V gravel + V sand
Solution volume: Vp 2 = V page mat. ´ 4 ´ 1.5. The amount of bleach: Р 2 = Vp 2´ 0,5
10. Calculation of the required amount of water is carried out according to the formula: V water = V p 1 + V p 2 + V water for cement
II
1. The wellbore in the interval of the exploited aquifer is backfilled with washed and disinfected material (gravel, crushed stone) from 122 m to 55 m, then it is backfilled with washed and disinfected sand (with ramming) to a height of 3 m (55-52 m).
2. Installation of a cement bridge in the interval of 52-47 m (cement mortar composition 1: 0.5). (OZTs - 3 days).
7. After the cement slurry has hardened, a 1-hole pit is dug around the wellbore.´ 1 ´ 1 = 1 m 3, which is filled with cement mortar of the composition 1: 3.
8. On the cement slab, the well number and plugging date are stamped out.
9. At the end of the work, an act is drawn up on the production of sanitary-technical sealing of the well.
WELL CHARACTERISTICS
1. Location:
2. Well number:
3. Organization that carried out the drilling:
4. Year of construction:
5. Absolute wellhead elevation:
6. Well depth: 122 m.
7. The exploited aquifer: podolsko-myachkovsky v. middle carbon fiber (С 2 pd-mc)
8. Static level during drilling:
9. Well productivity during drilling:
10 Static level at the time of examination:
11. Well productivity at the time of the survey:
|
SPECIFICATION OF MATERIALS |
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|
Name of materials |
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|
Backfill cement |
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|
Filter material |
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|
Quartz sand |
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Bleaching powder |
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|
COMPOSITION OF CEMENT MORTAR |
|||
|
Name of materials |
Concentration |
||
|
Backfill cement |
|||
|
Sifted sand |
|||
Reagent treatments
This section describes reagents for well production recovery, equipment and technology for reagent treatment of wells.
In total, the manual contains 21 drawings and 89 local estimates.
The company "LIMISH" provides drilling and maintenance services for water wells, in which the estimate for the well is compulsory. For our clients, we provide affordable prices for all types of services, convenient forms of payment and a guarantee for the work performed. To assess the scope of work and the cost of drilling a well, a specialist of the company comes to the customer's site, inspects the site and the location of drilling, and then makes an estimate for approval.
Cost factors
There are several cost factors to consider. For example, licenses and special permissions may be required. Equipment or tools may need to be purchased or rented. The compulsory costs include the cost of materials and chemical, bacteriological analysis. Prices for permits, licenses, labor, water tests and materials may vary depending on the type of drilling and the hydrogeological characteristics of the site. The quality of the material and water can also affect the overall cost. The size and type of water supply system also affects the total cost of drilling.
An example of an estimate for a well
We were given a specific task to perform cleaning and flushing of a water well, installation of an automated water level control system.
The list of works is as follows:
- Dismantling of water pressure equipment.
- Dismantling of the ETsV deep-well pump.
- Cleaning, flushing, airlift.
- Dismantle the pump.
- Installation of a submersible pump with water level control. Install a submersible pump.
- Installation, connection of water level control automation.
- Setting up the automation system.
- Additional work, return of the water intake to operation.
Well estimate - example:
To make it easier for you to understand the specifics of budgeting for well completion, we will give an example from our own practice.
| № | Name of materials | Unit measurements | Qty | Cost, rub. |
| 1.1 | Pump EVTs 10-65-110nrk (customer requirements) | PCS. | 1 | 95 000 |
| 1.2 | Dry running sensors | PCS. | 6 | 7 200 |
| 1.3 | Runway cable | m | 400 | 35 000 |
| 1.4 | Pilot control panel 400 | PCS. | 1 | 18 000 |
| 1.5 | HDPE pipe 32 | m | 100 | 5 500 |
| 1.6 | PVS cable 3 x 2.5 | m | 150 | 10 000 |
| 1.7 | Scotch | PCS. | 1 | 600 |
| 1.8 | Water level alarm | PCS. | 1 | 10 000 |
| 1.9 | Shrink | PCS. | 8 | 4 500 |
| 1.10 | Truck crane | change | 1 | 15 000 |
| Name of works | ||||
| 2.1 | Installation / dismantling of pumping equipment | complex of works | 25 000 | |
| 2.2 | complex of works | 15 000 | ||
| 2.3 | Tank flushing 20 m3 (1 pc.) | complex of works | 15 000 | |
| 2.4 | Commissioning the pump | complex of works | 5 000 | |
| 2.5 | complex of works | BONUS (when replacing the pump) | ||
| 2.6 | Water timer connection | complex of works | 10 000 |
Please note that the above well estimate is an example we have presented to guide potential clients. The prices indicated are above the average level of the cost of our work, which is due to the special requirements and difficult conditions of the customer.
What documents are being prepared?
Drilling operations are based on the formation of documentation. Experienced specialists are engaged in the development and filling, which allows us to guarantee high accuracy and efficiency of execution. This includes:
- technical project;
- geological outfits;
- technical outfits;
- technological and regulatory cards;
- cost calculations.
The development of a technical project includes the completion of three sections:
- Section No. 1: a short content of the problem, options for its solution, information on the approval of drilling.
- Section No. 2: a description of technical measures to develop options for improving the quality of the water intake arrangement. In this section, deadlines and material costs are noted. Line charts are drawn up.
- Section No. 3: description of the hydrogeological and ecological features of the region, assessment of the state of the environment.
The estimate for the arrangement of the well is drawn up taking into account the material costs for the device and the sequence of work. The document reflects the following expenses for drilling preparation:
- preparation of a site for a drilling rig;
- arrangement of access roads;
- construction of utilities for connecting drilling equipment.
A separate estimate for a well for water is drawn up taking into account the costs of installation and dismantling of drilling equipment. In total, the estimate documentation reflects the following cost categories:
- taking into account the time of the work on the arrangement of the water intake;
- taking into account the depth and diameter of the water intake;
- for testing, sampling and analysis of samples;
- taking into account the drilling method.
When carrying out work in the winter, the cost of drilling a water intake for water may increase.
What other parameters are taken into account?
When drawing up an estimate for a well, different parameters are taken into account: characteristics of the terrain, the level of occurrence of groundwater, the design features of the water intake, the diameter of the casing pipes. When forming the final total cost, the type of water is taken into account. Lower cost will be when working with waters occurring at shallow depths (about 3 meters). If drilling is carried out to a greater depth and we are talking about working with ground and interstratal waters or arranging artesian wells, the total estimated cost will increase.
While developing the water intake project, the specialists of our company conduct thorough studies of the aquifers in terms of the parameters of the waterproof bottom, the thickness of the reservoir and the roof. The rocks that are the base covering the water source are subject to research. This is also taken into account when drawing up the estimate for the well.
Conclusion
Drawing up an estimate for a water well is a complex process that takes into account a huge number of nuances. Having independently calculated the cost of arranging a water intake, you will receive only an approximate figure.
If you need to find out the exact total price for drilling and arrangement of a water intake, contact our specialists for help, who will assess and draw up an estimate in a short time. The quality, honesty and availability of the services we offer have already been appreciated by many customers. Join you too!
Experience in the design of water wells in the Moscow region
(Toolkit)
(Authors Kasatkin D.V. and Prokopovich G.A. - developers of the collection GESN-2001-04.)
This manual discusses the methodology for drawing up a bill of quantities for preparing estimates for drilling water wells. The manual is intended for professionals involved in drilling pricing. It will also be useful in the examination of water well drilling projects.
A well drilling project, as a rule, is an integral part of a water intake project. The cost takes no more than 10% of the total cost of design work. In this regard, very little attention is paid to the issue of well design in the special and regulatory literature. At the same time, water well drilling is a highly specific type of work, which is owned by a rather limited circle of specialists.
This work is intended for a wide range of specialists who, by the nature of their work, are faced with the design of drilling water wells. It can also be useful for the examination of drilling projects, for surveyors, for students of construction and drilling specialties.
The preparation of a well drilling project is based on the general construction regulatory framework. However, due to its specificity, the design cannot be fit into the framework proposed by the builders, since the problem under consideration is closely related to the development of subsoil, the protection of groundwater, and the increased social significance of the extracted mineral.
Methodology for compiling bills of quantities of work and budgeting by type of work
The methodology for drawing up statements of volumes of work and estimates for drilling work during the construction of water wells is tied to the 4th collection of GESN-2001 "Wells".
Working drawings for a well, attached to the project, are called a geological and technical section or a geological and technical order (GTP). This document, as a rule, reflects a lot of technological details that are superfluous when drawing up bills of quantities or estimates.
The section discusses in great detail the issue of the technological cycle of rotary drilling, with calculations of equipment and materials for the production of work.
A bill of quantities and materials is presented.
In the methodology, some issues of drawing up a statement of the volume of work and estimates for the liquidation plugging of non-self-flowing water wells are considered.
There are no separate prices for the specified type of work in the estimated regulatory base. Therefore, when drawing up estimates, it is necessary to tie the technological cycle to the existing prices. Note also that this paper considers the implementation of the liquidation plugging in relation to the practice prevailing in the Moscow region. As a rule, the "Rules for liquidation plugging of boreholes for various purposes, backfilling of mine workings and abandoned wells to prevent pollution and depletion of groundwater", approved by the USSR Ministry of Geology and the USSR Ministry of Health in 1966-67, act as a regulatory technological document.
Examples of budgeting for work in wells
This section provides examples of budgeting for various operations in wells at a certain averaged section for wells of various depths and designs.
Drilling.
The section describes the rules for drawing up well structures, technological modes, methods for calculating the cementing of casing pipes, as well as local estimates. Wells are represented with a depth of 100 m (construction 1-1¸ 1-5), 122 m (construction 2-1¸ 2-5), 172 m (construction 3-1¸ 3-4), 240 m (construction 4-1¸ 4-3).
For drilling an artesian well with a depth of 100 m, respectively, and for structures (with a capacity of 6, 16, 40, 65, 120 m 3 / h), 122 m (6, 16, 40, 65, 120 m 3 / h), 172 m (40 , 65, 120 m 3 / hour), 240 m (16, 40, 65) in total 17 estimates.
As an example, construction 2-3 is presented.
In fig. 1 shows the geological and technical outfit (well structure), the procedure for the production of work and the specification of materials.
Drilling of the projected wells to the Podolsko-Myachkovsky aquifer is provided by rotary drilling using a URB 3-AZ, 1BA-15V machine. The design depth of the wells is 122.0 m. The operational diameter is 219 - 426 mm.
The working conditions are described on the design geological and technical section.
Well drilling is designed without coring. Geological control along the wellbore is carried out by the method of cutting cuttings every 3-5 m of penetration and additionally when changing layers.
Driving of rocks (interval 0.0 - 57.0 m) is carried out using colloidal clay mud, drilling in aquifers (interval 57.0 - 122.0 m) is carried out with flushing with clean water.
A mud with a density ofr= 1.15-1.20 g / cm 3, viscosity 20-25 seconds according to SPV-5, water loss 5-15 cm 3 in 30 minutes, sand content up to 4%. When opening rocks in zones of disturbances prone to collapses, the parameters of the drilling fluid should be within the following range: densityr= 1.30-1.35 g / cm 3, viscosity 21-30 sec according to SPV-5, water loss 5-10 cm 3 in 30 minutes, sand content up to 2%.
When drilling a well, a single-stage cementing method is used with the use of two dividing plugs. Cementation is carried out with Portland cement using cement mixing machines and cementing units of the 1AS-20 and 3AS-30 types. For pumping and pushing the cement slurry, special cementing units of the TsA-1.4-1-150 type are used.
Electricity is supplied from existing networks, water is imported.
If there is a water supply source near the work site (a watercourse, a pond, a shaft well, a well for a Quaternary horizon, etc.), to provide water for the drilling process, it is necessary to provide for the laying of a temporary water supply from the source to the place of work.
The interval 0-10 m is covered with a bit (roller cone reamer)Æ 590 mm with the subsequent installation of the guide columnÆ 530 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 490 mm.
To a depth of 27.0 m, drilling is carried out with a tricone bitÆ 490 mm, then the passed interval is fixed with a casing stringÆ 426 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 395 mm.
To a depth of 57.0 m, drilling is carried out with a tricone bitÆ 395 mm, then the passed interval is fixed with a casing stringÆ 324 mm. The casing annulus is cemented from shoe to wellhead. The cement plug is drilled out with a bitÆ 295 mm.
After the cementing works, the casing strings are tested for tightness by creating an internal overpressure.
To the target depth of 122.0 m, the well is drilled with a tricone bitÆ 295 mm with clean water rinsing.
The filter has a supra-filter part, a working filter part and a sump. The design of the filter column (the position of the working and blind parts) is specified according to the actual section.
The well is flushed with clean water (short-term pumping with an airlift or a submersible pump), after which an experimental pumping is carried out in it with mandatory water sampling to determine the physicochemical and bacteriological composition of the water.
The procedure for the production of work and the specification of materials.
Typical design (2-3)
The procedure for the production of work
The well design with a depth of 122 m was developed for rotary-rotary drilling using a 1BA-15V installation.
The exploited aquifer: Podolsko-Myachkovsky Middle Carboniferous (С 2 pd-mc).
Driving of rocks is carried out using colloidal mud in the interval 0-57 m, drilling in the interval 57-122 m is carried out with flushing with clean water.
Pipe strings are cementedÆ 530, 426 and 324 mm with the lifting of the cement slurry from the shoe to the wellhead.
To clarify the geological section and the most inflow zones in the well, geophysical work is carried out as part of measurements of PS, CS for each casing, gamma-ray logging (along the entire wellbore), caliper logging, resistivity logging.
Filter columnÆ 219 mm set from 0 to 122 m with perforation at the aquifer level.
The duty cycle of the filter is up to 20%. The position of the working and blind parts of the filter is specified according to the results of well logging.
After the installation of the filter column, the well is flushed with clean water (short-term pumping with a submersible pump), after which it is subjected to experimental and operational pumping. Pumping is carried out continuously by two drops. The first reduction with a flow rate of 25-30% higher than the design one. The second reduction is made with a flow rate equal to the design one. Pumping is considered complete after 16 hours after the dynamic level has stabilized and when the water is completely clarified. At the end of pumping, water samples are taken for complete physicochemical and bacteriological analyzes. The duration of pumping is 6 days. For evacuation, an ETsV type pump can be used.
The well is an exploration and production well, and therefore the geological section, depth, well design, flow rate and water level position are corrected during the drilling process.
Well design
Material specification
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Well construction is a complex engineering task, which consists in competent calculation of parameters, selection and installation of equipment. Therefore, before starting drilling, it is necessary to find a worthy professional performer who will responsibly approach the well arrangement from project to work.
Many companies offer their services, while the cost and quality can vary significantly. To draw up a small competitive list and find a contractor with an ideal quality-price ratio, you need an estimate for the well arrangement. This document must be provided by any organization before proceeding with the work, since it is the estimate that reflects the name, cost and amount of equipment that will be required in the course of the work. The estimate for the arrangement of the well will help determine the budget required to create an individual source.
What does the estimate for well completion look like and what does it imply?
The estimate for the well arrangement is a standard document that has an established form. It reflects all the necessary equipment, the number of units and the price, as well as the list and cost of services for their installation.
The set of equipment and the list of services, as well as the final cost of the entire estimate, may differ depending on the depth of the well and the amount of work to be done. An approximate estimate for the arrangement of a well with a 30-meter pump load and the use of Italian equipment looks like this:
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equipment identification |
Quantity |
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Submersible pump with cable |
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Head |
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Pressure switch |
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Steel cable |
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Cable clamps |
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Check valve |
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Brass nipple |
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Hydroaccumulator |
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Brass tee |
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Futorka brass |
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Pressure gauge |
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Armored hose |
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Split clutch |
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Ball valve PP 32 |
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Ball valve butterfly |
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Tee PP 32 |
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Compression clutch |
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PP pipe 32 |
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Expendable materials |
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Caisson installation |
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Hydraulic communication device |
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Installing a hydraulic accumulator |
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Installation and configuration of automation |
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Commissioning works |
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