Anyone who has ever heard the history of the kings and aristocracy of Europe, met an entertaining combination of "blue blood". What did the ancestors mean by these words, does it exist in nature and how to relate to such a phenomenon?
Representative of the royal blood
What is blood?
Blood is the most important fluid in the body. It transports oxygen and nutrients to the cells, removes waste, makes internal organs function. In every human body, it performs the same tasks, but not the same.
According to the popular AB0 system, blood is divided into four groups, according to the combination of antigens and antibodies.
- The first, common type, which does not have antigens and, if necessary, is transfused to another group.
- The second, with antigen A, is only suitable for subtypes with corresponding antibodies.
- Third, with antigen B and suitable antibodies
- Fourth, rare, in which both antigens are present, but no antibodies.
To understand what blue blood is, which blood type belongs to this phrase, you also need the Rh factor. It is a protein on the surface of red blood cells. Depending on whether he has it or not, Rh is positive or negative. The royal indicator is Rh negative for several reasons.
The concept of group and rhesus Where did the concept of "blue blood" come from?
The very phrase originated in Medieval Europe. Only it was not about the essence of such a liquid, the blue blood group did not exist, since there was no division into groups. Blood groups were discovered in the 19th century. This concept meant the aristocratic whiteness of the skin, which gave off some cyanosis due to the veins coming close to the surface of the skin.
"Dirty" blood was considered to be a cross with residents of non-European countries, people with a skin color different from white. The more tanned the skin, the less visible the "blueness of blood", and the rank of such a person in society is lower.
Are there people with blue blood?
When a person's blue blood is remembered, the blood type does not always matter, because there are people who have a liquid of this shade. There are few of them on the planet, scientists are inclined to believe that there are several thousand of them and they call such people Kyanetics.
There are few people with blue blood This is simply explained - in the erythrocytes of such representatives of humanity, a blue pigment, which gives the liquid a corresponding shade. As a result, their blood is lilac with a bluish tinge. In medicine, this is not considered a pathology, since it does not affect the life of the host in any way. The difference with ordinary red blood is insignificant and has a positive character:
- Such people cannot get sick with a number of common blood diseases due to the copper in them.
- They have improved blood clotting, which allows you to quickly stop bleeding.
Being a representative of the Kyanetics is a rarity. Such a parameter is not inherited, doctors are not clear why this happens, therefore this phenomenon is considered unique.
What groups are called blue?
The concept of "royal blood type" is in the distant past. At the moment, this phrase means several opposite meanings. There are superstitions that almost every subspecies is called blue.
It is possible to figure out which blood group is considered blue only on the basis of a certain "number system". In China, they developed a semblance of a horoscope, only according to the subtype of blood, and endowed each with special features. In different conditions, blue is called a different group. According to this criterion, a job or an engagement may be refused, because executives or parents did not like the forecast made according to such an unusual "horoscope".
Consider the two main meanings that are put into this phrase and the reasons why these groups are special.
Fourth negative
The fourth negative blood group can be called truly golden. In the AB0 system, it takes the last place and has two antigens, A. and B, without antibodies. The special status is due to several factors:
- The rarest and occurs in 8% of the population. The fourth positive one is more common, therefore, the negative Rh in this subspecies is recognized as the most peculiar.
- It was formed not as a result of evolution, but when two other groups are mixed - the second and the third.
- Doesn't suit anyone. Such a group can only be poured into people with the fourth negative subspecies and no one else. This makes it rather rare at donor points, which creates problems when there is an urgent need for transfusion.
Group 4 characteristics Bleeding with such a group can be fatal, since it is almost impossible to quickly find a suitable species.
First negative
For many doctors, the golden blood group is the first negative. In the AB system, zero takes the first place and has both antibodies without antigens. This makes it a versatile donor material. The absence of lipoprotein protein, which is the Rh factor, allows it to be transfused to any recipient. This can be done due to the lack of an immune response to the protein.
Characteristics of the 1st group This subspecies of blood is referred to as royal because of its versatility, but in modern medicine it is customary for each recipient to transfuse his group. This is due to better compatibility and easier adaptation of the injected fluid. In case of urgent need, for example: during epidemics, after mass accidents or natural disasters, the first negative one actively enters in order to save as many lives as possible.
Racism and blue blood
Having figured out what blue blood is, what blood type and Rh can belong to it, it is worth saying that, in essence, this mobile connective fluid has the same functionality in any person. Does the same job, and the currently outdated grotesque concept of "aristocratic blue blood" has sunk into oblivion, making all people equal. This is essential to overcome psychological barriers and color-based racism in different regions of the world.
At the moment, in the scientific world, positive meanings are put into this concept, referring to the blue blood the rare fourth and universal first negative groups. However, the European race remained a little snobbish about this, which led to the emergence of fascist theory and Hitler's campaign. Many altruists around the world hope that the concept of "blue blood" in the racist sense will finally become a thing of the past after the lesson and the victims of World War II.
Yet:
Appointment of immunoglobulin for Rh conflict, indications and contraindications
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The noble way of life has always been considered privileged: land, a decent salary, a luxurious life, inaccessible to the peasants. After the revolution, aristocrats who did not have time to flee abroad lost everything they had, and their descendants often do not know about their noble origins. How do you know if you belong to a noble family? In this article, we have collected five signs that can indirectly confirm your noble origin.
Pale skin and blue blood
While the peasants worked from morning till night in the fields to feed their families and a few livestock, the nobles held balls and dinner parties. The peasants' skin gradually darkened in the sun, became rough and wrinkled. The nobles' skin had a light shade all year round - in the heat they escaped in the shade of luxurious gardens, they preferred to arrange balls in the evening. The nobles with dark skin from birth resorted to radical measures: they bleached it with flour and other powders, which became the prototypes of modern powder.From pale skin, we smoothly move on to "blue" blood. Why did the expression "man of blue blood" come into use? It's simple: the thinner and lighter the skin, the more clearly blue veins appear through it.
So, if you have noticed a constant pallor and emerging wreaths on your face and neck, it's time to think about the fact that you belong to a noble family.
Thin long fingers
In every noble house there was always a piano, or even two. From an early age, music teachers came to noble girls and boys. Together they learned new sketches, which then obedient children played at the request of their parents at balls and parties. Playing the piano formed long graceful fingers in children. The peasants, due to exhausting work, could not boast of beautiful hands: they constantly worked on the ground, because their fingers were short, and the skin on them was rough and cracked. 
Stretch your arms forward and see how proportionally your palm looks in relation to your fingers. If your fingers are long and thin, then there is a good chance that your great-great-grandmother was a noblewoman.
Erect posture
The daily work in the fields made the peasants hunched over people with poor posture and a constantly numb back. The nobles, on the contrary, were taught from childhood to walk beautifully and correctly. This was especially true of girls: in etiquette lessons, they studied the correct gait and often trained, defiling to exhaustion around the hall with books on their heads. A girl from a noble family simply had to be able to present herself beautifully: a gait from the hip, a slightly upturned nose and a raised chin. A noblewoman from a peasant woman was also distinguished by the so-called "swan's neck". 
To determine if you are a noble on this basis, stand in front of a mirror and take a good look at yourself in profile. It is important whether you keep your back straight in a natural position, what position of your head you choose when walking and talking.
Small foot
Girls noblewomen most often had small, neat feet. Remember the tale of the long-suffering Cinderella? In the days of the nobility, there were a lot of such "Cinderellas" among the noblewomen. They were betrayed by fragility and grace, and this applied to absolutely everything - from the face and hands to the figure and shape of the foot. Fortunately, it didn’t come to wearing shoes 1–2 sizes smaller and bandaging the feet, as was done in China, and the difference in the length of the feet was explained, rather, by the way of life. The peasants did not ride in carriages or horses, but spent the whole day on their feet. Their feet became wider and their feet increased in size. And so it turned out that with the same height, the size of the noblewomen was smaller than that of the peasant women. 
If you have a small foot - size 35-37 - it is likely that among your relatives there was one who could afford refined heels several centuries ago.
Talkativeness
Noble persons have always been noted for their talkativeness. In childhood, they received a large store of knowledge, read a lot, and therefore were considered interesting interlocutors. Regular balls and dinner parties served as a unique chance to show off intelligence, to demonstrate this erudition to others. This was especially true for girls who want to get married. In those days, enviable suitors were demanding of future wives, and in addition to external beauty, they appreciated the ability to maintain small talk. True, there was also a reverse side of the coin: excessive talkativeness betrayed a narrow-minded, ignorant person. Quarrels, intrigues and gossip were often born in situations where girls did not know how to “keep their mouths shut”. 
Think about whether you can be called a chatty person, and critically assess how much you love to gossip behind the backs of friends and family.
Of course, it is not entirely correct to speculate about ancestors based on external signs - who knows what kind of feint genetics threw out when you were in the womb. And the main thing for an aristocrat is not appearance, but manners. We have no doubt that you know modern etiquette, but for the sake of fun we suggest you take a test on noble etiquette and find out if you would be accepted for your own in the secular society of Russia in the 19th century.
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