The number of people who want to lead a healthy lifestyle is increasing every year. It assumes a healthy diet based on quality, fresh produce. Perishable items such as eggs and meat are best purchased from local producers. In this regard, the relevance of opening poultry farms in various regions in our country is very high.
In recent years, the import of poultry to our country has been decreasing, respectively, the demand is growing, which can be covered by our own production. The import of foreign poultry is decreasing, firstly, due to the fact that buyers do not want to buy such meat, knowing that in order to ensure long-term transportation, drugs are used, and, secondly, due to the imposed sanctions on foreign suppliers in recent years.
The attractiveness of opening a farm is also in the fact that the state provides subsidies for opening a poultry farm and benefits for farms (for example, exemption from personal income tax). There are also quite a few regional programs aimed at supporting farms. For example, citizens who have expressed a desire to run a farm and have defended their projects (business plans) are provided with land plots from agricultural land in accordance with the Land Code of the Russian Federation and the Federal Law "On Peasant (Farm) Economy".
To organize a profitable poultry farm, you will need 1,500 chickens (500 layers and 1,000 broilers, respectively), a land plot with a building of 150 m2, and a staff of 3 people.
Laying hens will produce a total of 10,000 eggs every month, and there will be a sale of 1,000 chicken meat. Products need to be sold in a short time due to the fact that they belong to the perishable category, and also pay attention to transportation, which requires certain temperature regimes. Over time, you can increase the number of chickens, while the monthly profit will also increase.
Initial investment amount 880 000 rubles.
Break-even point reached On the second month of work.
Payback period 12 months.
Average net profit 90 000 rubles.
2. Description of the business, product or service
For the poultry farm to be profitable, government support is needed. In this business plan, the poultry farm will purchase special feed. prices and rent a land plot with premises at a discounted price. In addition, it is worth noting that farms are usually located far from the city, in a rural settlement, where the rental price is much lower. An agricultural land plot can be leased from the state free of charge by building your own house for birds on it. For 1,500 chickens, the room should be at least 150 square meters, since no more than 10 chickens should be located on one square meter. Space savings can be achieved by purchasing three or five tiered battery cages. A big plus of such equipment is also that the cages are already equipped with everything necessary for the comfortable keeping of poultry - nipple drinkers, feeders and a collection egg. On the territory of the poultry farm, an area for walking birds is also needed.
There are two main directions in growing chickens - meat and egg. For this, young hens of various breeds are purchased.
So, egg chickens include such breeds as Cross, Haysex, Isobraun, Tetra SL. They are capable of laying up to 315 eggs per year (but, on average, 20 eggs per month). This category of birds is quite mobile, up to 150 grams of grain per chicken per day is consumed, and feed additives and vitamins must be added.
For the meat sector, it is necessary to purchase 1000 broiler chicks. They reach their weight limit of 2.5 kilograms about seven weeks after birth. The most popular breeds are "Cornish", "Brahma", "Kokhinhin".
It is also necessary to purchase cockerels, taking into account that eleven hens will optimally have one rooster.
After a couple of generations of laying hens have been raised, an incubator will be needed - an apparatus for artificially removing young poultry from eggs. The use of such a device is due to the fact that it is unprofitable to buy new chicks every time. However, for chicks, it is necessary to provide a separate room in which the air temperature will be at least 29 degrees, while for adults no more than 18 degrees. Usually, additional heating is provided by infrared lamps.
The poultry farm will work around the clock (light, heating), but workers will be on its territory from 8.00 to 20.00.
3. Description of the sales market
In this business, distribution plays a key role. Even if all the technologies are followed, we have received the maximum amount of eggs and meat, then there is a possibility that it will not be sold. In addition, the products are perishable, so you need to decide how the sales will be organized even before the finished product is received.
The main directions of implementation will be:
- Outlets. Sales are carried out at markets and fairs. The main target category will be people of average income, but people with high incomes will buy recommended quality products. You can organize a sales point yourself, or you can give products to merchants for sale. You can participate in fairs on your own, as they are not often held.
- To shops and retail chains. Usually on the shelves are products of large poultry farms, the price of which is lower than farm products. However, individual stores can take farm products for sale and check the demand for them. If buyers are interested in the products, the store or chain can sign a long-term supply contract.
- Individuals interested in healthy eating. Typically, sales are carried out by word of mouth, when people begin to come to the farm themselves, and with increased demand, it is possible to arrange deliveries once a week.
- Restaurants and cafes. Delivery work is carried out directly with the head, chef or administrator of establishments. It is often more profitable for restaurants and cafes to buy meat and eggs directly from producers than from a reseller, so sales contracts can be long-term.
The advantages and disadvantages of the poultry farm are shown in the table:
Strengths of the project: | Weaknesses of the project: |
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4. Sales and Marketing
5. Production plan
For a full-fledged poultry farm to work, it is necessary to go through a number of stages:
- The stage of registration and obtaining permits. First, you need to choose the organizational and legal form. The best option for the farm would be the creation of a peasant farm (IP), which gives the right to apply the taxation system of the unified agricultural tax (the tax at which is 6% of the proceeds), as well as the right to participate in state support programs and to receive subsidies. The main types according to OKVED will be: 10.12.1 - "Production of chilled poultry meat", 01.47.2 - "Production of poultry eggs". Next, you should obtain sanitary permits, for this by submitting a number of documents to the SES.
- The second stage will be the selection of a land plot and premises. If the poultry farm is located on its own site, then you need to pay attention to whether the land is for agricultural purposes. The room must be equipped in accordance with all standards (temperature conditions, required area).
- Search for suppliers for the purchase of young animals. The breed, egg production and health of future generations of birds will depend on the chosen chicks. The seller is obliged to provide a veterinary certificate and a certificate of conformity.
- The fourth stage will be the recruitment of staff and the opening of a poultry farm. It should be borne in mind that in the first month of work, the revenue will be zero, due to the fact that the chicks will not produce eggs, and the broilers will not grow up to the required age.
- The next step will be the search for points of sale and the organization of pre-sale.
- As soon as the birds reach the required ages, the poultry farm can be considered open, and it is worth remembering that it is necessary to obtain veterinary certificates for products before selling.
6. Organizational structure
To organize the work of a poultry farm, a director is needed who will be responsible for all areas of work. Most often, the director is the owner of the farm, who knows how to raise chickens and already had work experience. If the director is a person from the outside, then he needs to be offered a salary and bonus part of the salary.
The director's responsibilities will include raising chickens in the hatchery, finding suppliers and distribution channels, training staff and developing the farm.
All the ancillary work will be done by handymen. Such work does not require special training and education. The level of wages will be low, since work in rural areas, on average, is estimated to be lower than in urban areas. The main responsibilities will be organizing cleanliness on the farm, providing birds with food and water, monitoring temperature regimes, as well as protecting the territory. In the staffing table there will be two handymen, with a 2/2 mode of operation from 8:00 to 20:00.
The accounting department will work remotely; for greater savings, you can use the services of accounting firms.
The demand for poultry products is increasing every year. And the number of different poultry farms is also increasing, for example, in the Leningrad region there are about 10 such farms. Poultry products include: geese, ducks, turkeys, chickens, etc. The main demand is covered with the help of imported products from European countries.
Download a business plan for opening a poultry farm
Stage 1. Earth
The most common organizational form of a poultry farm is the so-called KFH (peasant farms), but there are also cases of an organizational form such as "LLC". When organizing the placement of a farm, you should correctly distinguish between the breeding of birds and products from them.
Breeding is more expedient outside the city, and the production workshop - within the city
The size of the required area will depend on the type of rearing, the number of heads, etc. In the case of free range, 1 unit requires about 10 square meters according to the standard. In the case of feeding with compound feed, the area will be required less. An additional condition is possessed only by the breeding of ducks - the site must be equipped with a water resource. To start a business, you need a statement on the well-being of the farm from veterinarians at the location of the farm, and a certificate of compliance with the quality of marketable products.
Stage 2. Young growth
Growing, looking after and looking after the farm is within the power of one family, which will consist of three of them. It is rather difficult to find highly qualified specialists in bird breeding, because not many universities and Susa teach such subjects and study suitable disciplines, and the demand and such personnel are many times higher than the supply.
Profitability - from 700 individuals and more.
Initial financial investments at the first stage should be about 6 thousand conventional units.
First of all, you will need money for:
- purchase of a young brood (tribe) or bird families;
- incubators for hatching the next generation of young stock;
- heating the cubs;
- construction of poultry houses;
Consider the costs required for the purchase of a young brood, depending on the specialization of the farm:
- 1 geese - 90 rubles;
- 1 duck - 45-50 rubles;
- 1 turkey - 85-90 rubles;
Having made the necessary calculation for the farm to reach a certain level of profitability, we get the following figures: a farm of 700 individuals will need investments in the amount of 32 thousand rubles to 63 thousand rubles.
Stage 3. Aviary
Breeding ducks, turkeys and geese is notable for the fact that they tolerate cold conditions well, the conditions of the north.
Most often they use ready-made buildings.
A businessman tries not to invest much in the construction of new structures, and therefore most often they use ready-made buildings only, slightly re-equipping them. This method can be used for growing and breeding geese. For them, the main factor will be the tightness of the room, it should not be purged.
Geese are well adapted to a temperature of 10 degrees, but they can well tolerate a temperature of 5 degrees, with a short-term decrease. As for the tribes, and the premises for their maintenance, the temperature should be maintained at 26 degrees above zero.
The room that will be intended for breeding chicks must meet the following requirements:
- Heating of the room (wiring of heating systems or the use of special equipment - brooders);
- Temperature support at 28 to 37 degrees above zero;
When heating, it should be taken into account that 1 brooder can heat from 250 young animals. The premises and areas are selected depending on the selected poultry for growing.
Consider the average number of heads per square meter:
- Geese - 4 pcs.;
- Ducks - 3 pcs.;
- Turkeys - 2 pcs.;
The advantage of quails is that they live and live mainly in flocks or heaps, which allows you to choose a smaller area for them and spend less money on rent.
On average, in practice, about 300 heads are placed on 1 square place, while living in multi-storey buildings (cells 3-6 storey);
Stage 4. Feed
In the warm season (summer, autumn), a poultry farm for raising geese can use pasture as feed, feeding the brood in the evenings, after returning from the pasture, with small portions of mixed feed or various types of grains.
When breeding ducks and with an existing reservoir, feed costs can be reduced due to the fact that ducks are, by and large, omnivorous, and will feed on waste products near the reservoir (grass, phytoplankton, etc.).
The purchase of feed and compound feed mainly takes place from factories.
The most expensive type of bird in feeding is quail. They need to be fed 2-3 times within 24 hours. 1 individual consumes about 30 grams of feed per day. In addition to basic feed, waste from the kitchen (wheat, corn, cottage cheese, etc.) goes to the feeders. Feeding costs are equal to approximately 40 percent of the total cost.
As for the equipment, it is worth purchasing the following:
- Feeder;
- Drinking bowl of two types:
- Stream drinker
- Vacuum drinker
All equipment is purchased based on the number of poultry raised. Particular attention should be paid to feeders, because their number should be such as to allow each bird to approach it at the same time.
Most farmers in their business make extensive use of incubation units.
Stage 5. Waste-free production and sales
The highest level of profitability and the greatest efficiency from the operation of a poultry farm can be obtained with the full use of all types of products (feathers, down, droppings).
Consider the characteristics for breeding geese:
- Average weight - 6 kilograms (900 rubles);
- Goose down - 600 grams (40 conventional units per kilogram);
However, down, as a rule, is sold in large quantities, and it is very difficult to sell it in small quantities, therefore it would be advisable to open an additional production of pastel accessories (pillows, blankets) from down.
Also, a tangible part of the profit is the sale of droppings for the needs of agriculture, for summer residents, gardeners, villages. However, such activities require a separate certificate. 1 goose can give about 1 thousand rubles annually.
As a rule, the surge in demand for the products of poultry farms increases on the eve of the New Year holidays and other significant celebrations. The main disadvantage of the functioning of the farm is restraint in production, because a significant part of the time farmers are forced to pluck birds.
It takes about 2.5 hours to pluck 1 bird per day.
It is impossible to purchase the appropriate equipment for a number of reasons:
- The equipment is intended for large poultry farms;
- High cost;
- Long payback process;
It would be advisable to create a separate farm with appropriate picking equipment in order to provide appropriate services to small farms.
Download a business plan for opening a poultry farm
Here are the actual figures for breeding various types of birds:
- Goose:
- The average weight of a carcass is 7.5 kilograms (ranges from 5 to 10 kilograms);
- Down - 600 grams of down at a price of up to 40 conventional units;
- Flight feathers - up to 40 pieces;
- Sebaceous glands (a necessary ingredient for cosmetic products) - cost 2 catch units;
- 1 goose gives about 1 kilogram of droppings on average in 1 day;
- The growth process lasts a little less than 2 months;
- The average weight of a carcass is 2.1 kilograms (ranges from 2 to 2.2 kilograms);
- 1 adult with chicks in the fall is capable of producing an average of 110 kilograms of meat products (from 100 to 120 kilograms);
- Ducks capable of laying eggs per year give about 130 eggs (depending on the type of duck, only some breeds lay eggs);
- The average weight of a carcass is 12.5 kilograms (ranges from 7 to 18 kilograms);
- Growing a turkey is considered to be more profitable than raising pigs;
- Females produce approximately 285 eggs per year (from 250 to 320);
- Individual weight - 120 grams, female - more;
- 3 females and 1 male per year are able to give a farm up to 500 heads of young chicks;
Chicken meat and eggs are considered one of the most popular and demanded food products in Russia. They have a very high biological value for the human body. From an economic point of view, the sale of these products is quite profitable. Today there are many large producers of chicken meat on the market, some of them successfully export their products to many countries of the world. For such companies, this business brings very good profit.
However, there are other options for making money in this industry. One of them is the organization of this type of business, such as opening your own mini-poultry farm. With the right approach to business, this type of business can become very stable and profitable.
For successful and efficient work in this area, you need some special knowledge in the field of poultry farming, patience, responsibility and a well-written business plan.
The main essence and the beginning of this business
According to recent forecasts of the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the number of consumers of chicken meat and eggs in the country will constantly increase. The number of national manufacturers of this type of product in the domestic market is also growing. This is due, first of all, to the reduction in imports of chicken meat to Russia. Therefore, with a correct and responsible approach to the functioning of a mini-poultry farm, this type of activity can become very profitable. According to many analysts and industry experts, the profitability of this poultry business is on average 58-60%.
Before implementing this type of activity in practice, you must have a well thought out and executed business plan. It, without fail, must include the following points:
- construction of a future poultry farm of a certain size;
- the peculiarity of the premises and equipment for the farm;
- search and organization of delivery of young chickens;
- the presence of a feed structure;
- financial side of the project and investment plan;
- technological foundations for keeping poultry.
For raising chickens, you can start with the purchase of a small number of young animals. To start this kind of business, the optimal number would be 1000 birds. Your initial costs, not counting the construction of the farm itself and the lease or purchase of land, will be as follows:
- 86,000 rubles for the purchase of egg and broiler chickens;
- 110,000 rubles for the construction of specialized cells;
- 61,000 rubles for the purchase of additional equipment;
- 52,000 rubles for the renovation of the premises.
Thus, the amount of your initial investment in this type of business will amount to 309,000 rubles. This is provided that you will start with the number of young animals in 1000 heads. Below, in this article, the calculations of the profitability of this type of activity will be given. But first, you need to clarify and analyze all the stages of work on organizing the production of chicken meat and eggs, which should be included in your business plan.
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Primary stages of activity
When building and organizing a poultry business, there are many central points in the business plan to start with. To begin with, you will need to decide on the organizational and legal form of your future enterprise. Most experts recommend registering such a company as a peasant farm, abbreviated as a peasant farm. The choice of this form is due to such important points as the minimum number of documents and costs for registration.
The best option for paying taxes would be the unified agricultural tax regime. In Russia, its value is 6%. Unified agricultural tax stands for unified agricultural tax. One of the main features and conditions of this rate is that 70% of your main income will come from the sale of agricultural products.
Further, your business plan must necessarily include all the nuances associated with the construction of an enterprise. The land on which the mini-poultry farm will be located will need to be issued in the form of permitted use. This plot can be in your property, bought or rented. The main thing is that the purpose of the land corresponds to the objects of agricultural purpose. Another prerequisite will be the location of your mini-farm at a distance of at least 350 m from the living quarters.
The next step will be a qualitative analysis of your own starting resources. you must clearly know all your opportunities with which you plan to start this type of activity. If you have some practical experience and knowledge in the field of poultry, then in the early stages of the business it will be possible to manage with a minimum amount of labor. Otherwise, you will be required to hire several highly qualified specialists from this field of activity.
You also need to decide on your own financial capabilities to launch your project. If you do not have enough start-up capital, then perhaps you should try using the following methods of attracting the necessary resources:
- state program to support farmers: the amount of investment in your business can be about 1.5-2 million rubles;
- bank lending on concessional terms: there are financial institutions that offer specialized loans for the development of agricultural enterprises at 11-12% per annum;
- state support program for start-up entrepreneurs in the amount of 350,000 rubles or more.
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Production and organizational stage
The main activities your mini poultry farm can specialize in may be:
- production and subsequent sale of meat products and chicken eggs;
- raising poultry (chickens) using an incubator.
- for these purposes, experts recommend acquiring the following breeds of chickens:
- broilers, the live weight of which can reach 5-6 kg;
- early maturing laying hens, which can produce up to 220 eggs per year.
In order to start an activity in the poultry industry with the number of young animals in 1000 heads, you will need a building with an area of 110 sq.m. Experts recommend keeping chickens in specialized cages, which are usually set in 2-3 tiers. They can be purchased from manufacturers or you can make them yourself. This can significantly save space for growing poultry. In accordance with the stocking rate, there should be 5-6 young animals per 1 sq. M. In the cage.
On your farm, you can independently reproduce poultry. For this, specialized incubators are used. There is a fairly large selection of this type of product on the market, both imported and domestic. Most experts recommend buying exactly Russian equipment. The ILB incubator has proven itself quite well in practice. It holds more than 700 eggs, and the incubation period for chickens is 22-23 days.
A prerequisite for the correct keeping of poultry in the house is to control the maintenance of an appropriate microclimate. The number of chickens that are more than 55 days old will need +18 degrees for their maintenance. Chicks that are only a few days old should be kept indoors at + 33 degrees. Due to this difference in mode, different age categories of birds must be kept in different compartments and rooms.
The lighting system is very important in the poultry industry - for young animals that are under 3 weeks old, it is recommended to keep the lights on in the room around the clock. After this period, as the bird grows, this term is shortened to 17-18 hours. The basis of chicken feed is a grain product - wheat and corn. Various mixtures of flour and cereals, which are rich in all kinds of vitamins and easily digestible proteins, are added to the diet. For the normal maintenance of all the main stages of poultry production, a minimum of 3-4 workers is required.
Development of poultry farms.
Poultry farming as a branch of agriculture appeared almost 3 millennia ago. This happened when chickens were domesticated in India. Further, poultry farming began to develop successfully in Egypt and other countries. In Russia, poultry was initially raised only in the household.
The massive development of this industry began in 1930, it was at this time that poultry farms began to appear on the territory of the state. At this stage of development, almost half a million enterprises specializing in the mass cultivation of poultry were concentrated in the Russian Federation; they were located, as a rule, in areas close to industrial centers and megalopolises. Now the products of domestic poultry farms satisfy the population's demand for high-quality meat, and are also successfully imported abroad.
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Organization of a poultry farm.
The organization of a poultry farm assumes making a profit in the future, for which it is necessary to organize the sale of goods. But for the sale of products, it is necessary to comply with such criteria as:
Obtaining quality certificates for products sold;
assignment of the poultry farm to the name of a legal entity;
certificates from veterinary hospitals.
These are the first steps to take to profit from breeding poultry. Further, the business organizer has the opportunity to independently sell the goods in the retail market or to establish contractual relations with several wholesale stores.
The result of the activity of the poultry farm is meat and eggs, for the sale of which an appropriate container is required. It is more profitable to order boxes and trays for eggs from printing companies in bulk. It is necessary to use a certain technology for slaughtering chickens, compliance with all requirements allows the owner to receive a certificate from a veterinarian and the required quality certificates.
Meat. Of the total flow sold in the territory of the Russian Federation, domestic chicken meat: 42% of products enter the market in the form of chilled and frozen carcasses, 32.5% is supplied as canned food, sausages, sausages, smoked products, and another 25.5% - chopped and natural semi-finished products.
Eggs. About 62% of these products belong to the category of food products that are produced in accordance with GOST. Further 13% are incubation and liquid pasteurized eggs, and another 25% are therapeutic and prophylactic products containing polyunsaturated microelements, vitamins, acids.
The stages that are implemented in enterprises that are engaged in the industrial production of poultry meat and eggs:
1. Purchase of the parent flock.
2. Organization of the incubation stage.
3. Growing young animals.
4. Distribution of the batch for meat and industrial young animals.
5. Slaughter, processing and sale of poultry meat.
6. Sorting, packing and sending eggs for sale.
7. Recycling of waste received during production.
When organizing a poultry farm, it is important to determine the field of activity, it can be meat, egg or a combined direction. With the right approach, raising chickens can become a profitable and well-paid type of business for that category of people who have the desire, aspiration and initial capital for the development of poultry farming. For a more organized workflow, it is important to draw up a business plan.
Initially, you should take care of the organization of chicken coops and areas for walking poultry. Premises for keeping such animals must be equipped with the required equipment, such as perches, drinkers, feeders, instruments for measuring the level of humidity and temperature conditions.
Another issue that accompanies the entire production process is the preparation of food and complementary foods. It is necessary to decide whether it will be a specialized feed or grain crushed at home. Mineral and vitamin complexes that are used as complementary foods can reduce the time required to obtain finished products, and therefore profit.
If there is a free area near the house, it can be used as a fenced pen for walking birds. Such an aviary also helps to reduce the cost of keeping chickens and other poultry, since, getting freedom of movement, the living creatures are engaged in an independent search for food in the allotted area.
The leftovers of food received from the owners, dug worms, plucked grass satisfy the chickens' need for food, and instead of 100 grams of factory feed, which is required for the evening ration of each individual, the amount goes almost twice this preparation. This indicator depends on the degree of saturation of the bird with food. For example, if every day it is possible to save 50 grams of compound feed on each individual, then, provided that 20 units of poultry are kept, it will be possible to reduce feed consumption by 1 kg.
When it was possible to decide on the preparatory measures, then the purchase of poultry should be made. Young animals can be bought at the poultry farm or from rural residents who sell chickens. Since almost every year the prices for young animals change, and the cost of one head is different in individual regions, the amount for the purchase of chickens must be calculated separately in each individual case.
Carrying chickens. The benefits that a domestic chicken gives are eggs and the ability to hatch chicks on their own, thus, the cost of buying young animals for the next year can be excluded. This bird begins to fly from about the fifth month of life.
It should be noted that about half of the two dozen chickens remain, since not all young animals survive, and males are also eliminated (only one rooster must be left). In the end, about a dozen laying hens remain, each of which produces 1 egg in two days, and on average it produces 15 eggs per month. Thus, during this period, 140-150 eggs can be collected from a dozen layers for sale.
The profit collected from the sale of egg products in 7-8 months pays off all the funds invested in production. Further, a well-established production, where the hens themselves will incubate the young, will not require any investment. The cost of feed is paid off again from the amounts sold for eggs. Thus, the owner of the mini-production can provide the family with such valuable foodstuffs as meat and eggs, as well as receive regular profits.
Construction of a poultry farm.
Building for a poultry farm.
An approximate plan for the organization of poultry complexes, poultry houses can be built in compliance with the following technologies and dimensional parameters:
The height of the room is about 3 meters;
width 12, 15 or 18 meters. This parameter depends on the number of runs, each of which is equal to three meters;
the length of the run depends on the number of heads that will be kept in each house;
auxiliary materials are used as fences. Sandwich panels can be used for a false ceiling and wall upholstery, and a profiled sheet is more suitable for an external roof.
The cost of building a turnkey poultry farm: from 20,000 rubles. m2
The final figure for the construction of a mini poultry farm includes many factors. Before ordering the construction of an object, one should concretize the type of future activity, determine the type and breed of young animals and their quantity. It should be borne in mind that different types of poultry require different free space. If you need 0.4 sq. m of area, then broiler chicken is enough for 0.15 sq. m, the content of the duck requires 0.5, and for the goose and turkey 1 sq. m.
To organize a poultry farm, any room that is equipped with good ventilation and properly lit can be used. The absence of drafts and subdued dim light are requirements that cannot be ignored either. One fluorescent lamp (15 W) installed for every 10 sq. meters of the farm satisfies the need of the bird for light.
If the building requires insulation, then mineral wool or sawdust can be used for these purposes. Ventilation of the room can be provided through opening windows, but they should be placed in such order to avoid draft. With regard to the floor, it is preferable for broiler breeds to prepare a heat-saving and waterproof floor, and for layers it is better to leave earthen soil.
Sometimes it is more expedient to purchase a ready-made business than to organize production from scratch. But if, however, you have to deal with the construction of a poultry farm yourself, then you should take into account the cost of equipment. The basic tools required for a quality manufacturing process are heating, ventilation, cooling and heating systems. Modern computer systems on the consumer market contain all the necessary functions in one complex.Feeding system in poultry houses.
At poultry farms, the problem of providing poultry with feed is solved thanks to special bunkers that are installed on the back of the cage or pen. Often, the apparatus is filled with a three-day ration of feed, which is fed at a certain time using a screw conveyor. Such a mechanism helps to save costs for keeping livestock, since food is supplied in a standardized amount and its surplus is not scattered.
Through the use of nipple-cup systems, the poultry's need for water is satisfied. This mechanism allows you to avoid water loss, and medications added to the drink enter the body of each individual in a dosed amount.
Cleaning and installation work on poultry farms.
To carry out cleaning or repair work, it is not necessary to take out the equipment available in the room outside. This inventory is suspended from the ceiling, thus freeing up space for the necessary events. The use of specialized feeders allows not only to increase the level of hygiene in the room, but also to reduce the frequency of cleaning.
Ventilation at the poultry farm.
Today, poultry farms can use ventilation methods organized according to the principle of negative, uniform or positive pressure.
Negative pressure ventilation is the most economical, simple and widespread technology. It is carried out by valves, which must be installed at a distance of 2 meters from the floor; it is possible to control the air flow through the guide plates.
Temperature regulation in the poultry house is achieved through the use of heat generators, which are installed inside the poultry houses and are characterized by high efficiency. It is a cheaper heating method than electric heaters or central heating systems. It is also important to approach lighting responsibly, since such a criterion affects the health of living creatures.
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Financial plan.
The business plan under consideration is designed for a mini-poultry farm for 1,000 birds, provided that the premises for their keeping are ready.
Where can I get money to open a mini poultry farm?
The sources of financing for organizing such production can be:
1. State support in the form of assistance that can be issued for business development to start-up entrepreneurs. Since agriculture is a priority area, obtaining assistance is an affordable way of financing.
2. State support for farmers. The chances of receiving this assistance are certainly lower than the first program, but the amount of assistance is substantial. Already operating, and not just opening farms, are allowed to participate in the competition.
3. Concessional credit programs. Certain banks are preparing special schemes, within the framework of which agricultural enterprises have the opportunity to obtain a loan at a good interest rate. These conditions are more favorable than the rates for loans for individuals.
In order to save production costs, it is allowed to install two or three tiered cages. It is more profitable to make them yourself, since purchased cells are many times more expensive. The average price for one unit is from 2,000 rubles. And instead of buying young animals, it is better to use incubators, domestic production systems allow loading more than seven hundred eggs at the same time. The incubation period for a batch of chicks is 21 days.
If you organize a poultry farm for 1000 birds, where the ratio of broilers to layers is 50:50, then it should be noted that:
In a year, 6 generations of broiler chickens can be raised, because their slaughter weight is reached already on the 50th day of life. Thus, the annual increase is 3,000 poultry, which is about 9 tons of meat;
For laying hens, the annual production rate of eggs is 200 pieces, therefore, out of 500 individuals, about 100,000 pieces of this product can be obtained.
When calculating the profitability of the enterprise, it is important to take into account the monthly expenses of the farm for taxes, deductions to off-budget funds, the cost of utilities, feed, fortified and mineral supplements. In this case, expenditures on labor resources are also provided. On average, with the right organization, the business pays off in eight months.
Due to changes in the consumer market, it is possible to rotate the egg and meat directions, increasing the number of this or that category of livestock. This approach helps to increase profitability metrics.
Government assistance for opening a poultry farm in 2015-2018.
The development of production within the country has always been and is a priority task for the government of any country. However, it is very difficult to implement at least some acceptable strategy in a market economy and open borders. As a rule, if a product enters the domestic market of the state from abroad, it is backed by a large company that has existed for several decades and has managed to optimize its business processes to the maximum. It is in this regard, that the goods produced by foreign brands, as a rule, are significantly cheaper than those produced by local firms.
However, fortunately for domestic producers, state and regional authorities are constantly working on import substitution policies. It is especially important to conduct such programs in the context of the sanctions that the Russian Federation was subjected to some time ago. Naturally, these economic restrictions could not go unnoticed, and the government urgently threw all its energy into developing projects that would help local entrepreneurs.
In connection with the above, now is a great time to start your own business in agriculture and / or animal husbandry. One of the most promising areas is the creation of poultry farms. As you can see from the constantly appearing news headlines, the government is doing its best to provide assistance to businessmen working in this industry. To be sure, you just need to look at specific examples.
Relatively recently, in connection with the imposed embargo, the regional government of the Sverdlovsk region decided to subsidize poultry farms in its region, and offered them good subsidies. So, for example, if an enterprise produces 1,800 tons of meat or more within one month, then it, with the exception of money received from the sale, also receives 2,500 rubles per ton. However, smaller companies receive more per tonne - 5500 rubles each.
In addition, tax vacation programs are and will continue to operate. They are provided for several types of activities, among which there are industrial ones.
However, they can only be used by those who have just registered as an individual entrepreneur or are going to do so in the near future. This was done, first of all, in order to lure newcomers into production activities, and so that as soon as possible on the territory of the country, most of the products became domestic.
Of course, a beginner or young entrepreneur is interested in specific figures, however, they cannot be provided without having access to the documents of the ministries. This means that in each specific case, regional or state authorities issue a verdict regarding the provision of subsidies or tax benefits only after a comprehensive analysis of the enterprise. In order to obtain detailed information, you should contact the tax office and / or the ministry that deals with subsidies and subsidies to businessmen planning to create their own poultry farm.
A mini poultry farm with 1000 heads is an excellent solution for starting a business. But first you need to think carefully and plan everything. Before jumping into the calculation of costs and potential profits, you need to solve much more important initial tasks: where to keep all the livestock, where to market the products, and how to organize this seemingly easy business in general?
Where to sell finished products?
Such an important question, which many for some reason postpone for later and remember it when the business has already been launched. In our case, it will be necessary to sell chicken eggs and meat. So why should you pay special attention to this issue? The answer lies on the surface. When your chicken coop contains about a hundred birds and you receive 60-90 eggs per day, you can sell such a small amount of the resulting product to your friends, relatives, acquaintances and neighbors. But when production acquires a somewhat large scale and volume, additional sales channels will have to be sought. Here you can safely turn on your ingenuity, because, as they say, "who is in what is great."
- Let's start with the markets. Such products are doing very well there. For most people, products bought on the market are associated with something natural, high-quality and tasty. It is difficult to cook something without eggs and meat, which means that there will always be a high demand for them. The main thing is not to go overboard with the price.
- You can also conclude contracts for the supply of products to local cafes, restaurants and other food service outlets.
- Grocery stores are the main points of sale. Enter into contracts with small shops, they will bring you a good profit. Do not think about large retail outlets yet, at the initial stages of doing business with them it is better not to do business with them - after all, you do not have the same scale of production.
- Come to grocery stores and trade there. Small entrepreneurs will buy meat and eggs in bulk for their stores, and you will quickly sell your products.
By the way, in order to sell your products without problems with the law, you only need to have one document - a certificate from the veterinary laboratory confirming the safety of the product.
The sales issue was resolved, now we need to think about the room where the chickens will be kept. Here you need to carefully and meticulously calculate everything so that there is enough space for all the birds. Experts strongly recommend giving 1 sq.m. under 5 chickens. Consequently, for a livestock of 1000 birds, a room of about 200 square meters will be needed. But here do not forget that somewhere else it is necessary to place nests, drinkers and feeders.
Many farmers solve the problem with the premises in the following way: they build cells in several tiers (floors) and place them on the same conditional 200 sq.m. not 1 thousand heads, but 2-3 thousand. But such a trick will cost more - the equipment of the cages will require additional financial investments. But, undoubtedly, this method will be more effective and convenient.
An adult bird or chickens?
Many people ask this question in the very early stages of business planning - and rightly so. The question is important, necessary and interesting. Buy adult birds right away or set up an incubator and wait for the chicks to hatch? The second option involves too many investments and risks.
Firstly, to keep the chickens, you will have to build another room with its own heating and lighting mode.
Secondly, the matter will not be limited to one expensive food for growth - you will have to constantly buy various vitamins, food additives and groundbait.
And if you also take into account that many chickens die during the growth stage, then you involuntarily come to the idea that buying an adult bird is the best idea. 1 thousand adult laying hens will cost about 300-350 thousand rubles, when the cost of chickens would have cost another 100-200 thousand rubles more.
Item of expenses and income.
- construction of premises - 700 thousand rubles;
- purchase of drinkers, feeders and nest equipment - 100 thousand rubles;
- buying a bird - 300 thousand rubles;
- other expenses - 30 thousand rubles;
The result is: 1,130,000 rubles. The amount is rather big, but it can be significantly reduced if you already have a room and do not have to build it from scratch.
Now you need to calculate the approximate costs for one month of maintenance of the poultry farm. But you need to understand that the amounts can vary greatly, it all depends on the specific conditions of keeping the birds: on the type of feed, on the number of workers, etc.
- wages of workers (1 employee) - 17 thousand rubles;
- payment of utilities - 30 thousand rubles;
- vitamins and bait - 3 thousand rubles;
- purchase of feed - 30 thousand rubles;
- other expenses - 5 thousand rubles;
The result is: 85 thousand rubles. Now let's calculate the projected monthly profit and summarize.
Business plan
Reviews (24)
The presented poultry farm business plan will allow opening a diversified agricultural company that will be able to put poultry farming on stream and get excellent profits. It can be a goose farm, because raising geese is a profitable business, this bird gains weight quickly enough, and goose meat remains a favorite meat for many for the Christmas holidays. At the same time, you can breed chickens, a modern chicken farm can specialize in growing broilers, for the maintenance of which you need appropriate feed, or you can start a bird in order to obtain chicken eggs, including dietary ones.
In this business plan for organizing a poultry farm for raising broilers for meat, you will find the economic justification for this undertaking. Growing broilers is a very busy niche, so you can also think about a quail farm. Breeding quail allows you to get quail eggs, which are recommended by doctors, rightly believing that this product is more useful than chicken counterparts. Keeping quails requires special rooms, you should equip drinking bowls and maintain a certain temperature, give feed on time, also feed the bird with certain types of feed, and keep the room clean. You should worry not only about purchasing equipment, but also about hiring a sufficient staff of specialists.
Having studied the information on poultry farming, you will understand what permits and regulatory documents you will need in the future for growing poultry. There is also an opportunity to specialize in growing turkeys, this meat is considered low-calorie and healthy, and turkeys gain weight very quickly, also delighting the owners with their fertility. What to choose: breeding geese or breeding chickens of different types on a stream? In any case, with the right business approach, this business can bring high profits.
In the overall structure of agribusiness in Russia, poultry farming occupies one of the central positions. Poultry is widely bred in household plots, in villages and villages, and sometimes a whole business on birds grows out of a business that can feed its family. Ducks, chickens, geese can bring a good stable income, which invariably attracts businessmen planning to open their own farm or full-fledged poultry farm.
Paperwork for a poultry farm is the first and most difficult stage of creating your own business. You can register your company as a farm or LLC. To do this, the entrepreneur will need to collect a solid package of documents. It is obligatory to have a certificate confirming the veterinary well-being of the farm, as well as a quality certificate for all manufactured products.
For organizing a poultry farming business, an area located outside the city is best suited. Determining the approximate allotment of land that will be needed for growing poultry is not difficult. For example, geese need free grazing, which is about 10 m per individual. If you plan to raise ducks, then for this, there must be a reservoir on the site.
If you want your poultry farm to be profitable, you need to acquire a solid livestock of poultry - at least 500 heads. The initial investment in the poultry business will amount to about 3-4 thousand dollars. The main expenses will be required for the purchase of chicks, incubators, devices for plucking poultry, as well as equipment for heating chicks. Find out which major poultry breeding farms offer chicks for sale in your area and choose the best option. In addition, you need to build solid poultry houses.
The most unpretentious breeds of birds are ducks, geese and turkeys. On farms for growing geese, for example, you can build ordinary sheds, as long as they are not blown out. Geese can easily tolerate a drop in temperature to + 10 degrees, but this does not apply to the breeding zone, where it should always be warm - at least +25 degrees.
In the poultry business, a lot depends on how skillfully you can take care of the young. The most stringent requirements are imposed on its content. To heat chicks, special equipment is often used, for example, a brooder for ducks, geese and turkeys allows you to easily achieve the required temperature indicators in the room. When starting a business such as your own poultry farm, take care in advance of the timely supply of a sufficient amount of feed.
Well, the most important thing for the effective development of a poultry farm is a well-organized sale of finished products. If you doubt that the existing knowledge and experience will be enough for you to create a profitable farm, be sure to use a professional example of a poultry farm business plan from scratch with ready-made calculations in preparing. This document will help you understand the most difficult issues, such as starting a duck breeding and raising business, choosing the right equipment, and many others. You will learn how to turn a poultry farm into a source of stable income and you will be able to bring these plans to life.
Statistical data clearly demonstrate that poultry meat in Russia is in more and more active demand among the population. This is primarily due to its lower price compared to beef and pork, as well as its high dietary properties. In such a situation, the business of raising chickens or other types of poultry looks very attractive.
The volume of poultry meat production in Russia is constantly increasing, but this is still not enough to meet the demand of the population. This is evidenced by the large number of imported products presented on our counters. And if you decide to start organizing poultry farming, then you have every chance of becoming a successful entrepreneur.
The business of breeding geese, chickens and ducks with the aim of selling chilled meat is very profitable, if, of course, you can overcome all the difficulties that lie in wait in the process of creating and opening a poultry farm - goose, duck or chicken - it makes no difference.
The organization of a poultry farm or a poultry farm begins with the fact that the entrepreneur needs to decide on the choice of the type of poultry that he will be raising. If you already have experience in breeding geese - even if only a little - it is better to take care of them. You can also concentrate on something exotic, such as raising Italian white geese.
Study all the diseases of geese and their treatment, the peculiarities of their rearing, then it will be easier for you to cope with difficulties. The easiest option is to grow chickens, but in this case it is necessary to take into account the presence of high competition. But the wholesale of ducks, geese and turkeys may turn out to be more profitable precisely because this niche is still quite free.
When choosing the optimal breed of ducks or geese for breeding both in a subsidiary farm and in a reputable poultry farm, all the pros and cons of growing should be taken into account. For example, breeding and keeping the Bashkir duck has one main advantage associated with the high productivity of these birds. Already at 3 months of age, individuals of this breed reach a weight of 2.5 kg. But, before deciding to build a duck breeding business, you should carefully study all the features of their content, find out the best way to feed white Bashkir ducks and correlate this with your capabilities.
A competent business plan for opening a poultry farm will help any entrepreneur to minimize the likely risks when opening a poultry farm. With its help, you will be able to conduct a competent analysis of the market for breeding chickens and quails, geese and ducks, choosing the most promising direction for yourself. You will learn how to determine the return on investment of a turkey breeding business and where to buy the equipment needed for a poultry farm. A professional business project contributes to the achievement of an optimal financial result, being your pass to a wealthy life.
These little gray birds will not help you become a billionaire, but you can significantly replenish your family budget without any problems. It will be about such a business as a small quail farm, which you can even open at home. If you have a personal plot - even better! Anyone can do such a business, since it does not require special efforts. The costs of purchasing poultry, cages and feed are also low, further increasing affordability.
If you plan to supply fresh eggs not only to your family, then a couple of cells will be enough for you. But in order to establish, albeit a small, but stable business on quail eggs, a little more costs will be required. You can optionally either increase the number of quail cages if you need to expand your business, or reduce them without being exposed to any financial shocks.
Swinging at a reputable business of growing and breeding quails, get ready for significant costs, however, and the profit in this case will be appropriate. In order to start supplying quail meat and eggs to markets and shops, you need to have at least 500 quails.
Quail reaches the marketable weight very quickly, already at the age of one month they can be slaughtered for meat, which significantly increases the return on investment of a quail farm. Another advantage of keeping these birds is that quails do not have many diseases inherent in other birds. The reason for this is the high body temperature of the quails, and therefore the ventilation in the room where the quails are kept must be of very high quality. On the other hand, you do not need extra electricity to keep the quails warm to heat them. As the experience of quail breeding in an apartment shows, the cages do not even need to be installed near the batteries.
In order to calculate the approximate cost of equipment for breeding quails, you need to find out the prices from the suppliers. To equip a quail farm, you will need at least 15 cages and racks, which will take about 20 thousand rubles. If you want to make cages for quails yourself, you need to learn about the features of their construction. When planning to open a quail farm, take care of buying incubators - two or three will be enough. This is another 10-12 thousand rubles. But the most important thing is the purchase of the bird itself - about 100 individuals, as well as eggs for the incubator - also at least 100 pieces. Considering the age at which the quail begins to lay (2-3 months), as well as the fact that the fertilization of quail eggs is 80-90%, after 2 months you can reach the standard indicator of 1000 birds. This means that your first quail company was formed.
Judging by the reviews about the quail business, quail breeding in an apartment also has a right to exist. To do this, you need to know in what light mode the quails should live at home, how best to feed and maintain them. You will find more information on this in the professional sample poultry business plan, which was drawn up by experienced professionals. This document describes all the nuances of this type of business. A competent business quail breeding project will help you understand which barn options are best for quails, why ventilation in a quail hen house is so important for a farm.
