We use fractions to indicate partial amounts. They are not just used in mathmatics but also in recipes (½ liter water). Decimals are separated by a decimal point.
construction
We use both cardinal and ordinal numbers to create fractions. The numerator (the numeral above the line) is always a cardinal number. The denominator (the numeral below the line) is always an ordinal number.
| 1/3 | one third | 1/10 | one tenth |
| 1/5 | one fifth | 1/20 | twentieth one |
| 1/6 | one sixth | 1/100 | one hundredth |
| 1/8 | one-eighth | 1/1000 | one thousandth |
Exceptions:
| 1/2 | one half |
| 1/4 | one quarter |
Numerators Greater Than One
When a numerater is greater than one, we use the denominator in plural (we add an s).
| 2/3 | two thirds | 2/7 | two sevenths |
| 3/4 | three quarters | 4/8 | four eighths |
| 4/5 | four fifths | 5/10 | five tenths |
| 3/6 | three sixths | 6/12 | six twelfths |
Decimal Numbers
Decimal numbers are written with a decimal point. The digits after the decimal point are said separately.
Example: 0.135 - nought point one three five (US: zero point one three five) 3.14159 - three point one four one five nine
Singular and Plural with Fractions and Decimals
If we want to say exactly what the fraction or decimal refers to and the value is less than one, we use the construction of a + singuar noun.(except for 1/2, see last example)
Example: 3/4 T → three quarters of a tone 2/3 km → two thirds of a kilometer 0.743 cm → nought point seven four three of a centimetre 1/2 l → half a liter ( not: one half of a litre)
If the value of the fraction or decimal is greater than one, the numeral is followed directly by a plural noun.
Example: one and a half hours three and a quarter kilos 2.5 millimeters
Groups: No.
Lesson No.
The theme of the lesson : Astana is the capital of Kazakhstan.
The aims of the lesson:
Educational: To give more information about our capital, to revise grammar, to obtain knowledge through the documentaries;
Developing: To develop pupils’ thinking, speaking, reading, writing, listening comprehension abilities, memory;
Upbringing: To bring up love and interest in the subject, to encourage respect for their Motherland.
The type of the lesson: combined lesson
Methods of the lesson: showing, explaining, group work, individual work, question-answer.
The visual aids: lecture, cards, pictures, a computer, an interactive board, slides, video film, music.
connection with otherssubjects: subjects Kazakh, Geography, History, Kazakh literature.
The procedure of the lesson.
I. Organization moment.
good morning students! I am glad to see you. Sit down please.
How are you?
Who is on duty today?
Who is missing today?
What date is it today?
II Brainstorming. Let's play a game "Guess the word".Please try to guess “What are we going to speak about at our lesson?”
Guess the words, use the alphabet.(the numbers indicate the numbers of letters in the alphabet)
1
24
25
1
14
1
A
S
T
A
N
A
T: Let's start! Today we shall speak about our new capital, about Astana. We shall listen to the text about the history of our capital, and speak on this topic. We must ready to answer questions about our capital, about Astana. Let's remember what we know about Astana.
III. Fill in a table Table « ZHU »)
This is a table before you. You should fill in it.(at the beginning of the lesson -2 columns, at the end- the 3 rdcolumn.)
What do you know?
What do you want to know?
What did you know?
IV . Checking up homework .
- What was your home task?
V. Demonstration of the new language:
Presentation:
THE CAPITAL OF KAZAKHSTAN-1830, was founded, to be situated, population, total area
P1: Astana is the capital of Kazakhstan. It was founded in 1830 by Colonel Phyodor Kuzmich Shubin. Astana is situated on the bank of the Ishim River. Its total area is about 400 thousand square kilometers. The population of the city is over 800 thousand.
T: Good. Now about Astana as a political center.
POLITICAL CENTER-The seat of the Government, the Mazhilis, all the ministries, foreign embassies .
P2: Astana is the seat of the Government, the Mazhilis. The President of Kazakhstan lives and works there. There are all ministries, and foreign embassies in Astana. Many important political events are held in Astana.
T: Nice. Who wants to tell us about Astana as an industrial center?
INDUSTRIAL CENTER-Factories, plants, to produce, good.
P3: We can say that different branches of industry are developing in the new capital. Many plants and factories are building in Astana that will produce transformers, motors, agricultural machines and other goods.
T: Right you are. Now speak about Astana as a cultural center.
CULTURAL CENTER-Museums, art galleries, theaters, libraries, parks.
P4: There are several museums in Astana. The largest ones are: Museum of History and Local Lore and Seiphullin Museum. Astana is famous for its theatres. The best known is the Opera and Ballet Theater by named Kulyash Baiseitova. There are a lot of green parks and libraries in Astana.
T: Very good. Now, let's speak about education in our capital.
EDUCATIONAL CENTER-Institutes, universities, technical colleges, young people, different regions, different countries.
P5: We can say that Astana is an educational center. There are many technical colleges, institutes and universities. The best known are: Euroasian University, Agrarian University, Nazarbayev University. Many young people from different regions of our country and from different countries come to Astana to get a brilliant education.
T: Good. The next topic is about Sport and Transport.
SPORT and TRANSPORT CENTER-Stadiums, swimming pools, all kinds of transport, metro
P6: There are a lot of sport facilities in Astana such as stadiums, swimming pools. And as you know Asiada Games 2011 were held in Astana. Transport in Astana is extensive. Here you can see all kinds of transport except metro. There are railway station and airport in Astana.
Sights of Astana.
T: And the next points is the sights of Astana. When we go to London we shall take some pictures of Astana, some photos or slides. Let's suggest that our friends should walkalong the streets of our Astana.
P7: This is the monument to Tole-be, Kazybek-be, Aiteke-be which is located by the building of Supreme Court of Justice. Many people come to this monument to show their love for the best Kazakh sons.
P8: Here you can see one of the famous places in Astana - Central Square. It is the main place for folk holidays, the favorite place for the rest of the town people.
P9: This Palace is called Congress Hall now. Many meetings and concerts take place there. In this building was crowned President of Kazakhstan N.A.Nazarbayev. It is a very nice building now.
T: Thank you very much. I think that our guests have got a lot of information, but we haven't told them about our history. Let's listen to the text and follow the course in history. After listening to the text you will try to point our main periods of the history of Astana and ask questions on this topic.
HISTORY OF ASTANA
The history of Astana began in the year 1830. Astana was founded in 1830 on the bank of the Ishim River by Colonel Phyodor Kuzmich Shubin as a fortress.
In 1939 was formed Akmola region and Akmola became the center of this region.
In 1954 in Akmola region the development of virgin and unused lands began. In honor of this event the town of Akmola was renamed in Tselinograd in 1961.
In 1994 Tselinograd was renamed in Akmola again.
In 1997 by Decree of President of Kazakhstan Akmola became the capital of our country.
In 1998 Akmola was renamed an Astana.
(Before listening to the teacher may practice some difficult words).
T: Now will work this way. You should match the dates and the corresponding events.
LOTO:
1830 - the foundation of Astana.
1939 – the formation of Akmola region
1954 – the beginning of the development of virgin and unused lands
1961 - Akmola was renamed in Tselinograd
1994 – Tselinograd was renamed in Akmola
1997 – the capital of Kazakhstan
1998 – Akmola was renamed in Astana
VI. practice. Answer the following questions:
T: now answer my questions.
1.What is the capital of Kazakhstan? Astana is the capital of Kazakhstan.
2.What is the name of its river? Astana is situated on the bank of the Ishim River.
3.How many people live there? The population of the city is over 800 thousand.
4.What sightseeing of Astana do you know?
5.When was Astana founded? Astana was founded in 1830.
6.When was Akmola region formed? Akmola region was formed in 1939.
7.When did the development of virgin and unused lands begin?
The development of virgin and unused lands began in 1954.
8.When was Akmola renamed in Tselinograd? Akmola was renamed in Tselinograd in 1961.
9.When was Tselinograd renamed in Akmola again? Tselinograd was renamed in Akmola again in 1994.
10.When did Akmola become the capital of Kazakhstan? Akmola became the capital of Kazakhstan in 1997.
7.When was Akmola renamed in Astana? Akmola was renamed in Astana in 1998.
true or false
Astana is the capital of China. __________
It's in the central part of Kazakhstan. ________
It's situated on the river Esil. ________
There are eight hundred thousand people in Astana. _______
Astana is famous for it's modern buildings. _________
Astana has a problem with pollution. _________
VII . Reading . Reading text. (With.). Independent study of the material.
Work in groups. (work with flipcharts, clusters)
a) Cluster: give your association with the city Astana.
ASTANA
b) I give you some pictures of Astana sightseeings. You should write a title of the popular buildings under each picture.
One speaker from each group protects the presentation (project)
I offer you to see the Presentation about Astana.
VIII Grammar revision: Franctional and Decimal Numerals.
The words for common fractions are also composite. They are formed from cardinals denoting the numerator and substantivized ordinals denoting the denominator. If the numerator is a numeral higher than one, the ordinal in the denominator takes the plural form. The numerator and denominator may be joined by means of a hyphen or without it:
1/3 - one third (one third), 2/7 - two-sevenths (two sevenths), etc.
In mixed numbers the numerals denoting fractions are joined to the numerals denoting integers (whole numbers) by means of the conjunctionand:
3 1/5 - three and one-fifth, 20 3/8 - twenty and three-eighths.
In decimal fractions the numerals denoting fractions are joined to those denoting whole numbers by means of the wordspoint ordecimal:
0.5 - zero point (decimal) five,
2.3 - two point (decimal) three,
0,5 - zero decimal five,
0,005 - zero decimal zero five.
IX. fastening. Anchoring .
Pupil 1: Astana is the capital of our country.
Pupil 2: Astana is the most beautiful city in the world.
Pupil 3: Astana is famous for the Baiterek Tower.
Pupil 4: Astana was twelve years old in 2010.
Pupil 5: Astana became the capital in 1998.
Pupil 6: Astana is the place where our President lives.
Pupil 7: Astana is the city where I would like to live.
test:
a) You can visit here a 3D cinema, a bowling, cafes, a theater and an aqua park. There is a large aquarium with real sea sharks. It opened in 2006. (Duman)
b) This tower is the main symbol of Astana and its visiting card. It is very popular with tourists. Here you can see our President's handprint. This tower is 105 meters high. (Baiterek)
c) This Palace is the official residence of Nursultan Nazarbayev- the President of Kazakhstan. It is a very beautiful building with white columns. (Ak orda)
d) This Palace was built by British architect Lord Norman Foster. It looks like a very big pyramid. The pyramid is 62m high. (The Pease Palace)
x. Fill in the last column of the table: What did you know about Astana?
Summarizing. Formative and summative assessment. Formative assessment throughout the lesson, according to the ZHU table. Summativeevaluation, proceeding fromfromformative, pertest.
home work: your homework will be: find the information and tell us about Cultural Centre, Educational, Sport and Transport of Astana and so on.
relaxing
– Do you like our lesson today? Was it interesting for you?
Was something new for you? What?
– How do you think it was useful for you? Why?
T: Thank you very much. You have worked well today.
Lesson is over! Goodbye!
Numerals are the words by which we determine the number or order of items in the bill. We know that in English as in Russian, there are cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers. More details about each of these groups you can find in the corresponding material on the blog. It remains to talk about fractional numerals in English (fractional numbers). How did these concepts are expressed in the language we are studying?
In order to understand the intricacies of the use of fractional numerals in the English language, you must remember certain information from a mathematics course. What shot did you study in school? The correct answer is simple and decimal. It is in this vein that we talk about fractional numerals.
Fractions in English
In English, in simple fractions (common fractions) expressed cardinal number numerator and the denominator - the ordinal. So do not forget how to form ordinal numbers. Moreover, if the numerator is a number greater than unity in the denominator will also end — s at the end. For example:
- ½ — a half / one half
- ⅓ — a third / one third
- ¼ - a fourth / one fourth / a quarter / one quarter
- ⅕ — a fifth / one fifth
- ⅙ - a sixth / one sixth
- ⅔ — two-thirds
- ¾ - three fourth s / three quarter s
- ⅘ — four-fifths
- ⅚ — five sixths
- 1 ½ — one and a half
- 2 ¼ —two and a fourth
- 3 ⅓ — three and a third
In what is a noun including accompanying fractional numeral in the English language? The noun of the shot will be in the singular, and it will be located in front of the preposition of:
- ⅔ kilogram (two thirds of a kilogram)
- ¾ kilometer (three fourths of a kilometer)
- ½ liter (one half of a liter)
If the noun refers to a mixed number, we use the plural noun:
- 2 ½ kilograms (two and a half kilograms)
- 3 ¾ kilometer (three and three fourths kilometers)
Decimals in Russian
Now let's talk about the decimals in English (decimal fractions). In Russian we are such fractions separate the integer from the fraction with a comma. In English, for the same procedure used point. The fractions of each digit is read separately. By the way, the point in English — point, and at zero two options — nought (UK) and zero (USA). If an integer is represented in decimal zero, often reading it is lowered. For example:
- 0.1 - nought point one / point one
- 0.2 - nought point two / point two
- 0.3 - nought point three / point three
- 0.01 - nought point nought one / point nought one
- 0.02 - nought point nought two / point nought-two
- 0.03 - nought point nought three / point nought three
- 3.36 — three point three six
- 6.92 — six point nine two
- 8.71 — eight point seven one
- 64.705 — six four point seven nought five
And a few words about the percentage. To indicate the percent sign is used - and the word% per cent:
- 3% — three per cent
- 4/5% - four fifths per cent / four fifths of one cent
That's all the information you need to know to navigate the article "Fractional numerals in the English language." I'm sure you all have long known there remember some nuances.
This topic is closely related to the other as described in the articles that need to pay attention:
- «The numerals in the English language»
- Cardinal numbers in English
- Ordinal numbers in English
- "Dates and ordinal numbers in English"
After reading them, we recommend to pass the following test: "The test for the use of numerals in the English language."
| of the lesson | Teacher's action of management | cognitive action of students | Visual aids, resources |
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| Introduction | 1 Organization moment : greeting the students. 2.Dividing the class into groups. 3. Check-up homework | 2. Divides students. 3. Now, let's check your home task. What was your home task for today? Let's check who's ready? Who wants? | good morning teacher! It was retell the text about Political system of Kazakhstan | |||
| Pressence of the lesson | II part psychological training | To choose one figure among the different figures and know about their characters. | To choose one figure | |||
| main part | Vocabulary and pronunciation listening and speaking | Work with the new vocabulary notes. We'll read and try to know the meaning of these vocabulary words. Explain the new theme, Reading the text | Listen and repeat after teacher Read the text and translate | |||
| Grammar: Fractional and Decimal Numerals. | Explain rule with examples To give out tasks on grammar | |||||
| Conclusion | Concluding the lesson. | Match the words with the definitions | ||||
| Evaluating by criteria of assessment. | Puts summative assessment | Give each other smiles and say their opinions. The leader student evaluates the group | ||||
| To learn new words | Explain homework. | Writing home task. | ||||
| reflection of the lesson | 2 stars, 1 offer. | I like …………… During a lesson…… | ||||
KAZAKHSTAN REPUBLICAS BILIM ZHANE GYLYM MINISTERLIG
"Bakanas agrarly - industrial college" MKKK
SABAK ZHOSPARY
| Kelisildi Director oқu-іsі zhөnіndegі orynbasary Karkynbayeva G.O. _____________ "____" ________________ 2017 | Moduldіn / pannіn atauy: shetel tili Dayyndagan: Rakymberli Zh.R. Okytushy: Rakymberli Zh.R. | |||||
| Course 1 12 top | Kuni | Sabaқ nөmirі | Mamandyk\ Bіlіktіlіk: | 0508000 - "Tamaqtandyrudy Uyimdastyru" 0508012 - "Aspaz" |
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| 1 course 13 top | Kuni | Sabaқ nөmirі | Mamandyk\ Bіlіktіlіk: | 1201000 - "Car kөlіgіne қyzmet kөrsetu, zhondeu zhane paidalanu" 1201072 - "Avtokolіkterdi zhondeushі locksmiths" |
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| Pan/atauy module: | Shetel tili |
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| Sabak takyryby: | President government and parliament. Fractional and Decimal Numerals. |
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| Ұzaқtygy: | ||||||
| Otkizu orna: | Shetty rooms |
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| Sabak maqsaty: | Studenttergetaқyryp boyinsha malimet I take. |
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| Sabak mindetteri: | Bilimdilik: Studentterdіn takyrypka sai sayasi zhүye turaly sozdіk koryn molaytu, erkin soyleuge, sozdіn dұrys dybystaluyn zhetildіru, grammatikalyқ erezhelerdі dұrys koldanu. Damytushylyk: Oylau kabiletin damytu, zhaz, soyleu, oku arkyly oz oyyn erkin aitudy arttyru. Tarbielik: Elin, otanyn suyge, boluga patriot, enbekke zhauapkershilikpen karauga tarbielu; tartiptilikke baulu. |
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| Kutіletіn natizhe: | Taqyrypty mengerui |
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| Sabaq type | Aralas sabak |
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| Оқytu аdіsterі, pedagogical technique, pedagogical technique: |
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| Miga shabuyl; toptastyru; academiyalyk dau - damai adisi; ystyk oryndyk; kіm zhyldam; ACT; okytu men okudagy zhana tasilder; okytu ushіn bagalau zhane okudy bagalau; sons of turgydan oylauga uiretu; okytudy baskaru zhane koshbasshylyk; |
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| Kazetti құraldar men zhabdyқtar: | Sozdik, map, keste, slide, okulyk, screen, projector, flipchart, markerler, portraitter, takta, boron, stickerler, taratpa kagazdar, CD disc |
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| Қosymsha akparat kozі (әdebiet): | "English" T. Ayapova, Z. Abildaeva, Zh. Tutbaeva, Z. Saduakasova, Zh. Kurmambaeva; Taratpa qagazdar; |
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ordinalNUMERALS(ORDINAL NUMERALS)
1. Ordinal numbers are formed by adding the suffix - th to the corresponding quantitative numbers:
four-(the) fourth(fourth)
seven-(the) seventh(seventh)
eighteen-(the) eighteenth (eighteenth)
The exception is the numbers one, two, three:
one-(the) first(the first)
two-(the) second ["second](second)
three-(the) third(third)
When forming ordinal numbers from numerals five, eight, nine, twelve before the suffix th base spelling changes:
five-(the) fifth(fifth)
eight-(the) eighth(eighth)
nine-(the) ninth(ninth)
twelve-(the) twelfth(twelfth)
When forming ordinal numbers from cardinal numbers ending in - ty, final - at changes to - ie:
twenty-(the) twentieth(twentieth)
forty-(the) fortieth(fortieth)
When forming compound ordinal numbers, only the last digit takes the form of an ordinal number:
(the) forty-eighth (the) fifty-third
(forty eighth fifty third)
2. Nouns defined by ordinal numbers are used with a definite article:
The first mention of Moscow was in 1147
(The first mention of Moscow refers to 1147)
When designating the numbers of rooms, houses, trams, buses, trolleybuses, chapters, paragraphs, sizes of clothes and shoes, quantitative numbers can be used instead of ordinal numbers, while the article the is omitted, and the numeral is placed after the noun to which it refers:
the sixth room - room six (sixth room - room six)
the eighteenth page - page eighteen (page eighteen - page eighteen)
http://www.homeenglish.ru/Grammarnumeralor.htm
FRACTIONAL NUMBERS ( FRACTIONALNUMERALS)
1. In simple fractions (CommonFractions) the numerator is expressed by a quantitative numeral, and the denominator by an ordinal one:
1/7- one seventh(one seventh)
When reading simple fractions, if their numerator is greater than one, the ending of the plural is added to the denominator -s:
2/4 - two fourths-(two fourths)
2/3 - two thirds-(two-thirds)
3 1/5 - three and one fifth-(three wholes and one fifth)
1/2 - one second, a second, one half, a half-(one half, half)
1/4 -one fourth, a fourth, one quarter, a quarter-(one fourth, quarter)
2. In decimal fractions (DecimalFractions) the integer is separated by a dot, and each digit is read separately.Zero is read nought (in the US - zero ["zierou]).
4.25 four point twenty-five; four point two five
0.43 nought point forty-three; nought-point-four-three
3. The nouns following the fraction have the singular form, and the preposition is placed before them when reading -of:
2/3 metre- two thirds of a meter
(two thirds of a meter)
0.05 ton - nought point nought five of a ton
(zero point five hundredths of a ton)
Nouns following a mixed number are plural and are read without a prepositionof:
35 1/9 tons -thirty-five and one ninth tons
14.65 meters -one four ( or fourteen) point six five ( or sixty-five) meters
4. In the notation of phone numbers, each digit is read separately, zero here is read [o u]:
