Until they unclenched their hands on the weapon,
another will is commanded.
We bring new tablets to the earth
from our gray Sinai.
V. Mayakovsky
V. Mayakovsky is the founder of a new type of poetry, combining the socio-historical, moral and philosophical direction with the lyrically frank narration of a person "about time and about himself." His work had and has a tremendous impact on the development of all poetry, being an effective weapon against lack of ideology and formalism in literature.
Many of Mayakovsky's works are deeply patriotic. The inability and unwillingness to accumulate any values, striving for an active and productive spiritual life, sacrifice and dedication that lie at the basis of his human and poetic essence, and led Mayakovsky to thoughts about the people, about a world “without pain, troubles and grievances ", to the acceptance of the revolution, forcing them to live" tenfold life. " For this poet, the idea of an insurmountable contradiction between art and life, art and revolution, rooted in the minds of many (including very talented) artists, did not exist.
Patriotism was the main feature, the direction of Mayakovsky's work, because he considered the basis of spiritual existence to be personal responsibility for everything that happens around him. Numerous revolutionary works of the poet were the result of just such a worldview.
Runs of planets, powers of being are subject to our will. Our land. The air is ours. Our stars are diamond mines. And we never, never! we won't let anyone else! tear our earth with cannonballs, tear our air with sharpened spears.
V. Mayakovsky's "Left March" is a call to arms, to a courageous, active struggle against the old world. Mayakovsky's word - an explosive charge capable of shaking the most inert consciousness - calls upon the thought to immediately turn into action:
Will the eagle's eye fade? Are we going to stare at the old? Support the fingers of the world on the throat of the proletariat! Chest forward brave! Paste the sky with flags!
None of the precepts of the past burdened the poet, he went to the revolution without any internal struggles: “Accept or not accept? There was no such question for me ... My revolution. "
Mayakovsky is, first of all, a man of decisive actions that allowed him to become the first poet of the revolution. The poet's poems were a reaction to what was happening in the world around him and inside himself.
Anything but contemplation is the key to the philosophical and ethical nature of Mayakovsky's talent. Efficiency always and in everything is a distinctive quality of the poet. Material from the site
I hate all carrion! I love all kinds of life!
Mayakovsky deliberately turned the art of poetry into a difficult, risky ascent to the top, from which, as it seemed to him, the horizons of a new unprecedented life were opening. He always wrote only what interested people, worried them or was incomprehensible, because the poet, according to Mayakovsky, is a people's servant.
But what if I am the driver of the people and at the same time - the people's servant?
Mayakovsky's legacy is enormous. He enriched Russian and world poetry with immortal works of art that will never lose the feeling of novelty, confidence and strength, since his heart was forever given to the people.
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On this page material on topics:
- sochineniya mayakovskogo
- patriotism in the work of Mayakovsky
- Mayakovsky, Vladimir Vladimirovich patriotism
- an essay on patriotism in the works of Mayakovsky
Originality, innovation, powerful energy, the uniqueness of the lyrical hero, the belief that he defends with all his might - this is what distinguishes the poetry of Vladimir Mayakovsky. In my opinion, this is one of the most talented Russian poets.
Of course, one of the leading themes in the work of this artist of the word is the patriotic theme. Moreover, everything that this poet wrote about was in one way or another connected with concern for the fate of his homeland, with global changes taking place in it, with the establishment of a new system.
Mayakovsky's lyrics are clearly divided into two periods. The works written before the 1917 revolution are filled with loneliness, the hero's longing for love and understanding, for a kindred spirit, which he does not see in the reality around him. Hence - protest, rebellion, shocking, the desire of the lyric hero to rebuild the whole world, the entire Universe. But he wants to start from his home country.
In the poem "Nate!" (1913) the hero confronts a soulless and vulgar audience. He, like a handout, throws his poems to this public, not hoping for her understanding, let alone a worthy assessment of creativity.
The lyrical hero speaks to people about the most painful, about what he tears from his heart, about his innermost: “I opened so many boxes of verses for you, I am a waste of priceless words.” But what about the audience? She does not care:
Here you are, man, you have cabbage in your mustache
somewhere half-eaten, half-eaten cabbage soup;
here you are, a woman, white on you thickly,
you look like an oyster from the shells of things.
These people are mired in petty worries from the "world of things." They tightly hid their souls in the shell and are now unable to understand anything that does not touch their stomach. But the lyric hero considers himself free from the opinions of the crowd. He can openly tell these people everything he thinks about them. His hero allows himself any shocking, in order to somehow “stir up” the crowd, to make it feel.
In the poem "A Cloud in Pants" the lyrical hero exposes a bourgeois society in which he, like millions of other people, is forced to live. This is a society of "fat," stomachs in Panama ", which has nothing sacred, has no soul and heart.
The poem consists of four parts, each of which is the cry of a lyric hero: “Down with your love!”, “Down with your art!”, “Down with your system!”, “Down with your religion!”
The lyrical hero “destroys” all the foundations on which the social system of Russia was based. In reality, the revolution must end the old world. Only she, according to the poet, can change the life of people and the country once and for all.
It is interesting that the hero sees in the revolution not only a way of social transformation of the world. For him, it is also a moral cleansing. This is where the true crucible for the soul is, and not the religion that the old system offers people.
After the 1917 revolution, the patriotic theme in Mayakovsky's work was closely connected with the struggle for a new system, with the shortcomings that hindered the onset of communism:
Citizens, for guns!
To arms, citizens ...
In the "Ode to the Revolution" the poet sees all the negative aspects of the coup (he calls the revolution "two-faced"). Today it gives freedom to the miner, returns him to human dignity and the joy of life. And tomorrow - "your six-inch machines, blunt-nosed hogs are blowing up the millennium of the Kremlin."
Mayakovsky characterizes the revolution in the following way, emphasizing its inconsistency:
Oh, animal!
Oh, nursery!
Oh, penny!
Oh great!
And yet “great” is the most important epithet for him! According to Mayakovsky, all the shortcomings are more than covered by a revolutionary idea - a complete renewal, the liberation of millions of people, a new life, a new faith. That is why the poet in the finale of the poem sends his blessing to the revolution:
You philistine
- oh, damn you three times!
and my,
poetically
- oh, be glorified four times, blessed one!
Therefore, it seems quite logical that the poet glorifies the Soviet passport as a symbol of the Soviet system, the idea of communism, revolution. In "Poems about the Soviet Passport" the hero declares so:
To any
to hell with mothers
roll
any piece of paper.
But this ...
The poet describes the reaction this "red book" evokes from foreigners. After all, for them, the Soviet passport is a symbol of the USSR, a country that poses a threat to the capitalist world. Mayakovsky shows that any mention of the young Soviet country scares foreigners:
beret,
like a rattlesnake
at 20 stings
snake
two meters tall.
And this fact makes the lyrical hero proud: the enemies are afraid of him, his document, his belonging to the great Land of the Soviets.
Vladimir Mayakovsky put all of himself into his work. He sincerely believed in the revolution, in defending a just cause. That is why, perhaps, the poet could not survive the disappointment in what he was fighting for. That is why, it seems to me, 1930 ended the life of Vladimir Mayakovsky.
Patriotism in the work of Mayakovsky
With the outbreak of the first imperialist war, Mayakovsky experienced for some time a general patriotic mood, supported by official propaganda, even asked to volunteer for the active army (he was not recruited due to political unreliability), but already at the beginning of 1915 his position on the war was drastically changed, a tragedy He truly expressed the war in the poem "I and Napoleon", and the poem "You!"
To you, living behind an orgy orgy, having a bathroom and a warm closet!
Aren't you ashamed of being presented to George to read from the columns of newspapers ?!
The poem "You!" and his premiere in Stray Dog, which sparked hypocritical lament in the newspapers, marks a critical moment, an inner turn in Mayakovsky's understanding of war. At this time, he returned to the "Cloud in Pants" pose, which he began in the first half of 1914, after visiting Odessa during a tour.
In Odessa, Mayakovsky fell in love. Fell in love at first sight with the young Maria Aleksandrovna Denisova, a girl of extraordinary charm and, judging by her further fate, a strong character. I fell in love unrequitedly, suffered from this, and already on the way to the next city in the train carriage I read the first lines of the poem to my friends ...
Then there was a long break, the war pushed aside this plan. And when an epiphany regarding the war came, when the origins of a world catastrophe were revealed to the poet, he realized that he was ready to continue working on the poem, but in a different understanding of life. generally. The love drama grew into the drama of life. The poet himself defined the meaning of the work as follows: “down with your love”, “down with your art”, “down with your system”, “down with your religion” - four shouts of four parts ”.
The theme of love did not disappear from the poem, the initial impulse was so powerful, so internally incinerating that with its nervous current it penetrated the entire poem, every part of it. But this feeling is no longer autonomous, it takes on the character of a social drama. Praying for pure love, not defiled by any selfishness, the poet transfers all the passion of denial to the bourgeois world order. In him he sees evil, distorting morality, distorting art. He challenges God himself, he is the "thirteenth apostle" - a powerful image of denial, rebellion (as the poem was called at first).
Blasphemy, aggressive vocabulary, street rudeness and deliberate anti-aestheticism reveal anarchist tendencies, the rebellious element of the poem. And although Mayakovsky, blaspheming, raises a person, but the elements overwhelm him: "Take out, walkers, your hands from your trousers - take a stone, knife or bomb ..."
Suffering and despair push the hero of the poem to rebellion, and his suffering spills out on such a powerful lyrical wave that can flood a person, drawing him into a stream of unprecedented passions. This is where paradoxical metaphors are born: “Mom! Your son is perfectly ill! Mum! His heart is on fire! ”; “I’ll deflate my eyes streaked with barrels. Let me lean on the ribs. "
The anti-bourgeois revolt of Mayakovsky in this poem was also a revolt against the salon, drained of naked aesthetics of art. Indirectly, by the instinct of a healthy, socially programmed person, Mayakovsky thus opposes futurism with its essentially aesthetic concept of art. The poet proceeds from a deeply democratic need: "... the street writhes speechless - it has nothing to shout and talk with." Art in his concept, arising from the meaning of the poem, acquires a social, moral character.
The lyrical hero of Mayakovsky is a fighter for universal happiness. And no matter what important event of our time the poet responded, he always remained a deeply lyrical poet and affirmed a new understanding of lyrics, in which the moods of a Soviet person merge with the feelings of the entire Soviet people.
Mayakovsky's lyrics are rich and varied. The poet devoted many of his poems to the patriotism of Soviet people. We have identified 2 ways to implement patriotic motives. The first way of implementation is the glorification and praise of the Soviet Union, the leader of the proletariat and the Russian people, we will consider these patriotic motives in paragraph 2.1. The second way of implementation, which we will consider in paragraph 2.2., Is the opposition of the USSR, Soviet life and the people in general to capitalist countries.
Patriotic motives in V. Mayakovsky's poems dedicated to the USSR
The first type of patriotic motives in V. Mayakovsky is associated with the glorification of the Soviet Union. For Mayakovsky, art is inextricably linked with the idea of the party and the propaganda of its ideas. The main function of art is to focus on communism and the implementation of the ideas of the party.
For example, the poem "To Comrade Nette" - to a ship and a man "and" Poems about a Soviet passport "most vividly realize patriotic motives. The first poem is a memory of the Soviet diplomatic courier Theodore Nette, who died heroically in the line of duty. The introduction to the topic is Mayakovsky's meeting with a steamer bearing the name of the famous hero. But gradually the steamer, as it were, animates, and the image of a man appears before the poet.
This is him - I recognize him
In the glasses-glasses of lifebuoys.
Hello Nette!
(Mayakovsky, 2009, p. 55).
Mayakovsky was extremely sincere in his unconditional belief in the revolution. He was motivated not by faithful aspirations to swear allegiance to the new government faster, but by a deep civic conviction in the sanctity of revolutionary ideas. The poem "Revolution" was written in hot pursuit of the February revolutionary events and has the subtitle "Poetochronicle".
Drunk, mixed with the police, soldiers
shot at the people (Mayakovsky, 2001, p. 34).
The last cannons rumble in bloody disputes
the last bayonet is cut by the factories.
We'll force everyone to scatter gunpowder.
We will distribute pomegranate balls to the children
(Mayakovsky, 2001, p. 34).
And yet the poet was not completely sure of the correctness of the revolutionary methods, Mayakovsky characterizes the revolution this way, emphasizing its contradictoriness:
Oh, animal!
Oh, nursery!
Oh, penny!
Oh great!
(Mayakovsky, 1998, p. 39).
Mayakovsky strives to be original even in the genre definition of the work. Undoubtedly, there are numerous historical and documentary chronicles, scrupulously describing the events of 1917, telling about them in the existing language of numbers and dates. Mayakovsky, on the other hand, sets a different task. Only an artistic (and especially a poetic chronicle) can fill a story with vitality. Mayakovsky shows how the popular movement is growing and expanding ("Arms Wing Wing Broader and Wider"). The text of the work often contains slogans and appeals designed to enhance the dynamics of the plot development. The victory of the revolution is also associated in the author's consciousness with the end of international wars:
And we never, never!
let no one, no one!
tear our earth with cores,
tear our air with sharp spears
(Mayakovsky, 1999, p. 178)
Numerous repetitions, patriotic pathos are intended to emphasize the most important idea of the struggle for land, unity, universal faith in a positive outcome of the revolutionary movement. It is extremely important for a poet to believe and urge Soviet citizens to do a good deed for the sake of the prosperous future of the entire Soviet Union.
The same motives are also heard in the poem "Our March", the marching rhythm of which symbolizes the triumphal procession of the winners.
Is there our heavenly gold?
Will the wasp's bullets pity us?
Our weapons are our songs.
(Mayakovsky, 1997, p. 45)
Having made the propaganda of communist ideas and ideals of patriotism one of the main tasks of his work, Mayakovsky could not but write about the leader of the Bolsheviks. The poems "Vladimir Ilyich!", "Lenin with us!"
we will carry
Ilyichevo, banner
(Mayakovsky, 2005, p. 33)
The author tried to glorify, propagandize, illuminate not the biography of the leader, but the Leninist cause. “The central work dedicated to the leader of the state of workers and peasants is the poem“ Vladimir Ilyich Lenin ”. The idea that the birth of Lenin in Russia is a historical pattern runs through the entire work ”(Dyadichev V.N., 2006, p. 128).
Anti-war motives are another important facet of Mayakovsky's patriotic lyrics, which arose in connection with the outbreak of the First World War. In the poem "The War Has Been Declared" the very news of the beginning of the war is likened to "a stream of blood." Thanks to repetitions, the first and last stanzas of the work form a circular composition "crimson blood poured and poured a stream". The figurative series of the poem is divided into two parts, the first includes images that energetically and positively responded to the beginning of the war. Mayakovsky emphasizes the bravura poster slogans, the exaggerated rise of the human spirit, "when even the bronze generals are ready to rush to the front." The second part includes images and phenomena of the opposite order, people who deny and do not accept violence: "the sky, tattered with sting bayonets", "red snow", "falling in juicy shreds of human flesh."
The poem "Magnificent absurdities" debunks the convictions of those who overlook the war with bravura-ceremonial looks.
They will all rise
come back
and, smiling, they will tell their wife
what the owner is a merry fellow and an eccentric.
They will say: there was neither a cannonball nor a land mine
and, of course, there was no fortress!
It's just that the birthday boy invented the mass
some magnificent absurdities!
(Mayakovsky, 1996, p. 277).
The patriotic orientation of Mayakovsky's poetry is directed towards the future. In the poems "Red Envy" and "The Secret of Youth" the poet addresses children. For their sake, for the sake of future large-scale economic achievements, the older generation makes sacrifices and hardships.
For the first time
toddlers, I’m
drumming
I will envy.
torn into the future,
beat
its threshold,
coming it
at twenty
walk
thunderous feet
(Mayakovsky, 1993, p. 44).
Young -
who is fighting
thinned rows
all children:
we will remake earthly life! "
(Mayakovsky, 2001, p. 38).
Dedicating the best lines to the native land is a deep tradition of both Russian classical poetry and literature in general since the time of its ancient history. Particularly relevant are reflections on the fate of the homeland, the glorification of its greatness and the turning points when the choice of the future path of development of the state is determined for many years.
Mayakovsky's patriotic lyrics are multifaceted. Most of the patriotic poems glorify the new Soviet country. But there are also poems about a small homeland:
Just a foot stepped into the Caucasus,
I remembered that I am Georgian
Elbrus, Kazbek. And yet - how are you ?!
Load up the mountain!
(Mayakovsky, 2001, p. 55).
stupidity is eden and paradise!
sang about it,
must be
joyful land,
meant poets ...
(Mayakovsky, 2001, p. 79).
In the poem "Vladikavkaz-Tiflis" the lyric hero travels to his native place, freely moving in space and time. To create a national flavor, Mayakovsky uses Georgian phrases. He longs for progressive changes in the life of his native country, the scope of construction, the development of industry, Mayakovsky would like to see how his Georgia is flourishing and transforming.
In all the agility, for the construction site it is not a pity for breaking!
Even if
Kazbek will interfere - tear it down!
Still not to be seen in the fog.
Summing up the paragraph, it should be noted that the patriotic motives in the poems of V.V. Mayakovsky are realized in the images of individual citizens (Theodore Nette, VI Lenin) and the people as a whole: Russian soldiers, ordinary Soviet citizens, fellow countrymen, youth ("Vladimir Ilyich!" , the poem "Vladimir Ilyich Lenin" "Poems about the Soviet passport"). The poet stresses his devotion to the people's leader, thanks and loves him, and also calls on the entire Soviet people to follow the leader towards a bright future.
The poet advocates for universal unity, fights for his homeland, glorifies the revolution as a way to change people's lives for the better ).
Mayakovsky's patriotism and love is also realized with the help of the image of his small homeland, in such works as "Vladikavkaz-Tiflis", "Jubilee". The author cares and worries about the future of his native land, dreams of seeing Georgia as a progressive and prosperous country with the establishment of a new system.
Vladimir Mayakovsky worries about the young Soviet generation ("Red Envy", "The Secret of Youth"), urges them to protect and take care of the welfare of the Soviet Union. Originality, innovation, powerful energy, the uniqueness of the lyrical hero, the belief that he defends with all his might and inexhaustible patriotism - this is what distinguishes the poetry of Vladimir Mayakovsky.
Originality, innovation, powerful energy, the uniqueness of the lyrical hero, the belief that he defends with all his might - this is what distinguishes the poetry of Vladimir Mayakovsky. In my opinion, this is one of the most talented Russian poets.
Of course, one of the leading themes in the work of this artist of the word is the patriotic theme. Moreover, everything that this poet wrote about was in one way or another connected with concern for the fate of his homeland, with global changes taking place in it, with the establishment of a new system.
Mayakovsky's lyrics are clearly divided into two periods. The works written before the 1917 revolution are filled with loneliness, the hero's longing for love and understanding, for a kindred spirit, which he does not see in the reality around him. Hence - protest, rebellion, shocking, the desire of the lyric hero to rebuild the whole world, the entire Universe. But he wants to start from his home country.
In the poem "Nate!" (1913) the hero confronts a soulless and vulgar audience. He, like a handout, throws his poems to this public, not hoping for her understanding, let alone a worthy assessment of creativity.
The lyrical hero speaks to people about the most painful, about what he tears from the heart, about his innermost: "I opened so many poems of boxes for you, I am a waste of priceless words." But what about the audience? She does not care:
Here you are, man, you have cabbage in your mustache
somewhere half-eaten, half-eaten cabbage soup;
here you are, a woman, white on you thickly,
you look like an oyster from the shells of things.
These people are mired in petty worries from the "world of things." They tightly hid their souls in the shell and are now unable to understand anything that does not touch their stomach. But the lyric hero considers himself free from the opinions of the crowd. He can openly tell these people everything he thinks about them. His hero allows himself any shocking to somehow "stir up" the crowd, to make it feel.
In the poem "A Cloud in Pants" the lyrical hero exposes a bourgeois society in which he, like millions of other people, is forced to live. This is a society of "fat," stomachs in Panama ", which has nothing sacred, has no soul and heart.
The poem consists of four parts, each of which is the cry of a lyric hero: "Down with your love!", "Down with your art!", "Down with your system!", "Down with your religion!"
The lyrical hero "destroys" all the foundations on which the social system of Russia was based. In reality, the revolution must end the old world. Only she, according to the poet, can change the life of people and the country once and for all.
It is interesting that the hero sees in the revolution not only a way of social transformation of the world. For him, it is also a moral cleansing. This is where the true crucible for the soul is, and not the religion that the old system offers people.
After the 1917 revolution, the patriotic theme in Mayakovsky's work was closely connected with the struggle for a new system, with the shortcomings that hindered the onset of communism:
Citizens, for guns!
To arms, citizens ...
In the "Ode to the Revolution" the poet sees all the negative aspects of the coup (he calls the revolution "two-faced"). Today it gives freedom to the miner, returns him to human dignity and the joy of life. And tomorrow - "your six-inch hogs are blown up by stupid hogs for millennia of the Kremlin."
Mayakovsky characterizes the revolution in the following way, emphasizing its inconsistency:
Oh, animal!
Oh, nursery!
Oh, penny!
Oh great!
And yet “great” is the most important epithet for him! According to Mayakovsky, all the shortcomings are more than covered by a revolutionary idea - a complete renewal, the liberation of millions of people, a new life, a new faith. That is why the poet in the finale of the poem sends his blessing to the revolution:
You philistine
Oh, damn you thrice! -
Oh, be glorified four times, blessed one! -
Therefore, it seems quite logical that the poet glorifies the Soviet passport as a symbol of the Soviet system, the idea of communism, revolution. In "Poems about the Soviet Passport" the hero declares so:
To hell with mothers
any piece of paper.
But this ...
The poet describes the reaction this "red book" evokes in foreigners. After all, for them, the Soviet passport is a symbol of the USSR, a country that poses a threat to the capitalist world. Mayakovsky shows that any mention of the young Soviet country scares foreigners:
Like a rattlesnake
Two meters tall.
And this fact makes the lyrical hero proud: the enemies are afraid of him, his document, his belonging to the great Land of the Soviets.
Vladimir Mayakovsky put all of himself into his work. He sincerely believed in the revolution, in defending a just cause. That is why, perhaps, the poet could not survive the disappointment in what he was fighting for. That is why, it seems to me, 1930 ended the life of Vladimir Mayakovsky.
