Furnaces on Earth appeared at the moment when an ancient man, sitting in a cave, guessed to lay stones on the fire from all sides. Modern types of solid fuel heating boilers are very different from their prehistoric prototype, however, the principle has remained unchanged for many centuries.
The fuel in the fire burns, quickly dissipating heat energy into the surrounding space. In furnaces, the combustion process slows down, heat accumulates in the walls of the furnace, and an intricate chimney can heat the adjacent room.
If you add a water circuit to the design of the stove, you get a full-fledged boiler, the very name of which implies that this is not a simple stove, but a hot water one. The stove was such an important invention of man that it is difficult to remember all of its types that were invented. Heating stoves heated dwellings, cooked food on them, slept on large Russian stoves, and steamed with the help of stoves. Now, with the development of science and technology, people are using new types of modern stoves operating on gas, liquid fuel and electricity. Very good ovens, high-tech, economical and environmentally friendly.
However, as experience has shown, the achievements of civilization can suddenly fail. It is impossible to prepare gas for the winter in an apartment in the required volume, and it is not recommended to bury a diesel fuel tank in a personal plot. You don't even need to talk about power outages. And here is a pile of firewood - here it is, harvested in the fall. Like coal for heating, it lies to itself, loaded into the bunker in sufficient quantities and promises a comfortable warmth in the house.
Features of solid fuel boilers
Compared to boilers operating on other types of fuel, where an automatic system reigns, the peculiarities of solid fuel boilers are that they need periodic attention and maintenance. However, here, too, engineers offer many improvements to make life easier for the owner. Cleaning the grates from a tedious task turns into easy and quick manipulations of the flaps when using a special chamber cleaning system with tilting grates.
Some designs of a solid fuel boiler allow you to load solid fuel, wood and coal, no more than once a week, which, due to the tediousness of maintenance, raise them to the level of liquid fuel units, and this is very good.
Solid fuel heating boilers differ from their counterparts operating on other types of fuel in solidity. The lower heat capacity of solid fuel compared to gas or liquid fuel requires an increased size of the combustion chamber.
In addition, a lower combustion intensity implies slow heating and slow cooling, therefore it is more profitable to make such long-burning boilers from massive materials with increased heat capacity. Basically, of course, solid fuel boilers are made of steel and cast iron. These materials are suitable in all parameters and technical characteristics, moreover, during the previous period of operation, they have proven themselves from the best side.
Steel or cast iron
Steel and cast iron have been used since ancient times in the manufacture of stoves and hot water boilers. For cast-iron heating boilers, the individual elements of the heat exchanger are first cast, then they are pulled together with thick strong studs. Steel solid fuel boilers are usually welded. Each of these household appliances has its own positive and negative sides.
A cast iron solid fuel boiler is noticeably heavier than a steel one, which is less sensitive to mechanical damage. When a cast iron boiler is cracked, it is cheaper to buy a new one than to repair the old one. On the contrary, a steel boiler for solid fuel can be welded by welding for a reasonable price. A steel heating boiler survives overheating better (expansion coefficient 3.5–4.5), cast iron is more fragile (coefficient 7.5–8.5), but rusts less. In steel models, the water coil is welded into the inside of the body, in the cast-iron cavity for the water jacket, they are initially cast at a metallurgical plant.
Cast iron boiler
If we compare them in terms of the frequency of loading the heating energy carrier, then cast iron boilers need 1.1–1.4, and steel ones 1.6–2.6 liters per 1 kW. The higher the indicator, the less frequently fuel loading is required. The number of pros and cons for each type is approximately the same, it all depends on the specific conditions in which the boiler will be used. But there is a general rule that applies to all species.
It is forbidden to operate boilers without a heating medium, that is, a cooling liquid. It doesn't matter if it is water or special antifreeze. Without liquid, the boiler will quickly overheat and deform, and may crack.
Overheating of the boiler is successfully fought. Special systems are made with sensors that signal that the maximum temperature in the boiler is exceeded. In this case, the boiler cooling system turns on, the boiling water is drained into the drain, and cold water is added instead. Careful attention is also paid to the safety of boilers.
Automatic solid fuel boiler
When boilers run on solid fuel at full capacity, for example, in frosts in winter, the boiler temperature is high and in order to protect a person from being burned by the fire door, they come up with protective systems. The door is made multi-layer, with asbestos gaskets.
On some steel boilers, a special water cooling circuit is installed for those metal parts that the person operating the boiler touches. The process of cleaning boilers is also not overlooked. In addition to the usual poker, special systems with swivel grates and retractable ash pan are also offered. With the help of such systems it is possible to clean the boiler without opening the firebox.
Single-circuit and double-circuit boiler
When buying a solid fuel boiler, you must decide whether you need a single-circuit or double-circuit boiler for heating. If only for heating your home, then buy a single-circuit boiler. If you have plans to conduct hot water supply in your house, then feel free to take a double-circuit boiler. It has an additional coil in which the tap water is heated. It is very convenient, but there is a small drawback of the boiler.
The device of a double-circuit solid fuel boiler
Running water is heated and with prolonged shower, for example, the temperature of the heated water can drop dramatically. In order to prevent this from happening, a storage boiler is placed next to the boiler, liters per hundred and a second, water circuit is connected to it. It is not running water from the water supply that flows through it, but a coolant walks around in a circle, heating up in the boiler and giving off heat to the boiler. These are additional costs, but for the sake of comfort and convenience, you can go for them.
Traditional or gas-fired
Solid fuel heating boilers are found in two types. Which, traditional or gas-fired boiler to choose is up to you. In a traditional boiler, there is a combustion chamber with grates, a blower under it, a chimney begins above it, ending in a pipe.
Traditional boiler design
In gas-generating pyrolysis boilers, the heating system is more complicated, there is a bunker for firewood or coal above the firebox, and smoke and combustion products are drawn with a fan through a complex labyrinth of heat exchangers, giving off heat to the maximum before literally flying out into the chimney. The efficiency of pyrolysis boilers is 92%, which is much higher than traditional ones.
Coal, and especially firewood, lying in the upper bunker, is dried before starting to burn. This means that the energy at the time of firewood burning is not spent on evaporating water and more of it goes to heating the coolant and, therefore, less fuel is required for heating. You can also say about the blower fan, which sucks smoke into the depths of the boiler, which is very convenient for kindling, when part of the smoke enters the room in traditional boilers.
Non-volatile or volatile
If the boiler has control units and fans, it cannot do without being connected to electricity. Which boiler to buy, volatile or non-volatile, you should think in advance. If you choose a solid fuel boiler with control units, with automatic fuel supply, then this, of course, greatly simplifies the maintenance of the boiler room. Fuel for the boiler can be loaded for a week in advance, fans extract smoke, preventing carbon monoxide from entering the room, smart sensors turn on and off pumps on time.
This is all great, but what if the centralized power supply is cut off? And this can happen at any time and in severe frosts too. In this case, stand-alone electric generators or DC-to-AC converters, the so-called inverters, on batteries are provided. That is, be prepared for additional spending for convenience.
Safety regulations
Firms - manufacturers of solid fuel heating boilers claim that from the point of view of safety rules, their devices are ready to work flawlessly for 10 or more years. This can only be true in the case of ideal operation, when all the manufacturer's instructions are followed and the heating technology is treated with care. In many houses, boilers manufactured 15 and 20 years ago are standing and working perfectly. That is, the attitude towards the operation of the boiler can both increase its service life and reduce it.
A competent engineering calculation of the boiler power will lead to the choice of exactly the boiler that will serve consumers without overheating. Correct boiler fittings will allow the coolant to circulate in the system without accidents and troubles.
Safe operation rules are very important and we will take a closer look at them.
Preventive measures against overheating
Preventive measures against overheating of the boiler include special heat exchangers built at the factory, which drain the boiling water into the drain and add cold water to the system. As well as safety control valves, which organically fit into the structure of the water pipes and do not allow overheating to damage the boiler. It's one thing if pipes for heating and hot water supply systems are made of metal.
Quite different if made of metal-plastic or polypropylene. Overheating of the heating boiler can end in a deplorable end for such pipes, they will melt from 100-110 degrees Celsius. Therefore, the first meter - two pipelines from the boiler are recommended to be made of steel or copper, and only then through special couplings to switch to plastic.
Solid fuel boiler piping
Chimney equipment
A properly equipped boiler chimney is critical for trouble-free operation of a solid fuel boiler. Without good traction, there will be no complete combustion of the fuel and a lot of waste, ash and slag will appear. The place where the chimney will be must meet fire safety requirements, and the chimney pipes themselves must be made of good metal and be resistant to corrosion. The chimney must be at least 4 m high and at least 180 mm in diameter.
Sometimes it happens that it is impossible to lead a direct chimney through the roof, you have to design a complex system of transitions. This cannot but affect traction. Most often negative. In this case, it is highly recommended to buy exactly pyrolysis, gas-generating boilers. They have a built-in blower fan and compensate for insufficient draft by forced extraction of smoke outside the boiler room.
Correct installation
Of course, only a serious organization can perform the correct installation of a long-burning boiler, and the instructions for the boiler directly state that only certified organizations are allowed to install a solid fuel boiler. However, the owner of the unit must also be aware of the elementary rules, because after installation it is his name to operate the boiler, and be responsible for the fire safety of the entire structure.
The solid fuel boiler should be at least 20 cm from the walls if they are wooden or made of combustible materials. Walls should be protected with asbestos-lined metal plates. The same applies to gender. Additionally, it should be noted that the floor in front of the ash pan must be covered with metal by at least 30 cm.
Chimney connection
Connecting the boiler to the chimney also has its own characteristics and rules. The horizontal flue duct between the boiler and the chimney should be no more than 1 m. If not one, but several pipes enter the chimney, then they must enter at least 80 mm, otherwise back draft may occur. Not only the long and reliable operation of the boiler, but also the health and safety of the residents of the house depends on a well-planned and properly installed chimney system.
Connection to the chimney of a solid fuel boiler
You also need to be able to ignite correctly
It doesn't matter if you use coal, wood, pellets, or peat, fire it up correctly - it always starts with wood chips. They can be set on fire with a piece of paper or with a special ignition candle, and only after they light up, gradually add the main type of fuel. The blower is initially completely open for maximum air access, after the appearance of a stable flame, it is covered and the draft is monitored.
If the house has not been heated for a long time, the boiler is turned on at full power, the building is warmed up and only then the combustion and the temperature of the coolant are reduced. For safety reasons, boilers must not be ignited with fuels and lubricants and other flammable liquids.
Boiler cleaning
If the boiler ash pan is not cleaned for a long time, the boiler efficiency decreases. Instead of heating the coolant, part of the energy is spent on maintaining the temperature of the ash and slag. It is imperative to clean the boiler on time, but it all depends on the size of the ash pan and the mode of operation. But in any case, the solid fuel heating boiler must be cleaned regularly.
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sdelatotoplenie.ru
Economical solid fuel heating boiler
1. Classification of solid fuel boilers
2. Single-circuit and double-circuit boilers 3. Traditional and gas generating units 4. Volatile and non-volatile devices 5. Safety of the heating system 6. The need to arrange a chimney
For a long time, in every house located in the Russian open spaces, the heating stove has been the most important place. Thanks to the stove, the house was warm in winter. In addition, food was cooked on them, and some designs with a stove bench even made it possible to sleep. In many rural huts, stoves have been preserved to this day. Over time, they have undergone significant changes and now, to provide heating, owners use heating boilers for solid fuels, electricity or gas.
Deservedly gas heating is considered the most optimal solution to the problem of heat supply, but, unfortunately, the mains are not laid in all settlements. Electric heating of a house is an expensive option, and an unstable supply of electricity can lead to a shutdown or breakdown of equipment. Therefore, property owners, especially in rural areas, prefer to install solid fuel heat generators. Depending on the material of manufacture, a solid fuel heating boiler can be: Despite their durability, cast iron appliances are fragile. This feature is associated with the possibility of overheating of these units. The fact is that cast iron boilers heat up for a long time and cool down for a long time. For consumers, slow heating is beneficial because the heating system heats the room for longer. But for a boiler, such loads can result in overheating. The operation of all models of devices operating on solid fuels depends on the presence of water in the heating structure. If the amount of coolant in the system reaches a critical level, overheating and deformation of individual elements is possible. Steel units are more resistant to temperature fluctuations, and cast iron products are more resistant to corrosive processes. The following information will be useful for consumers: the required volume of fuel for loading is calculated based on certain standards. One kilowatt for steel boilers requires 1.6-2.6 liters, and for cast-iron appliances 1.1-1.4 liters. Thus, cast iron and steel heat generators differ not only in weight, material of manufacture, but also in other characteristics, including structural differences. So the cooling coil in steel solid fuel boilers is located inside them. When the coolant heats up to a critical temperature, you can open the thermostatic tap, after which cold water will begin to flow, and thus, it will be possible to lower the temperature.
In cast iron boilers, such as in the photo, similar elements are located on the feed. It is possible to lower the temperature in them only by partially draining the hot water and adding a cold heat carrier. In the production of a cast iron product, its sections are assembled into a single device using steel pins. As for the steel unit, its parts are connected by welding. The strength of the seams depends on its quality.
Loading of wood, coal, pellets into solid fuel boilers is done manually by opening / closing the loading door. Since its inner part is in contact with fire and heats up very much, a person can get a serious burn in contact with it. To prevent this from happening, cast iron units have a door with a special protective layer. For steel appliances, the door is equipped with a water-cooling circuit along the contour. To clean the cast-iron boiler of ash and ash, you will need a poker. Steel heat generators are equipped with mechanically controlled swivel grates - as a result, you do not need to open the door to the furnace to clean the stove. The design solution of solid fuel boilers varies. These devices are:
- single-circuit;
- double-circuit.
Conventional and gas generating units
The principle, according to which a solid fuel heating boiler works, is classic (traditional) and gas generating (pyrolysis). The latter devices consist of two chambers located one above the other, which are separated by nozzles.Solid fuel is placed in the upper part, but it does not burn immediately. Due to the pyrolysis process, the wood is initially dried and at the same time the air heats up a little. The result is efficient heat transfer. Pyrolysis boilers are equipped with a ventilation device, which not only contributes to quick ignition, but also minimizes harmful emissions into the atmosphere.
Volatile and nonvolatile devices
When the unit has a ventilation system, it needs to be connected to the mains. In modern devices there are special bunkers for loading thermal energy sources. If the supply of solid fuel to the boiler is automated, then fine coal, wood chips, eco-peas and similar types of energy sources are used. If such a hopper is filled completely, the next loading will not be required until a few days later. The warranty period for these devices is about 10 years. But subject to the operating conditions, the boiler can last a much longer period. The main point when a solid fuel heating boiler is installed is to prevent overheating of the heat supply structure. Since the heat generator cools down very slowly, a situation where the temperature reaches its maximum limit must be avoided. This is especially true for metal-plastic and plastic elements. When the temperature exceeds the 100-degree mark, they can melt and the heating equipment become unusable.
You also need to be extremely careful when draining hot water (to prevent overheating) into the sewer if it is equipped with plastic pipes that can deform.
The need to equip a chimney
The efficient operation of a solid fuel boiler is impossible without the correct choice of the location of the chimney installation, which must withstand high temperatures without problems and not be subject to corrosion. In height, it cannot be less than 4 meters, and in diameter - 18 centimeters. The installation of the boiler and the flue gas system must only be carried out by professionals. But the customer of installation services does not want to study the relevant information in order to assess the quality of work. After the completion of the installation, the ash pan of the boiler must be regularly cleaned from the accumulated ash and slag, which reduce the efficiency of the equipment.Solid fuel heating boiler video:
teplospec.com
Solid fuel boilers - market range, specific operation
What should people living in non-gasified areas do, because in the winter period without heat in the house is absolutely impossible? Solid fuel boilers are a kind of prototype of the Russian stove, but at times modernized and improved. The progress is dramatic, since there is only one common feature left between them - the type of fuel. The principle of operation of such boilers is independent and autonomous, because they have no connection either with gas mains, or with electricity and a centralized heating system. These are undoubted advantages for remote villages, because people also live there and they need civilization.
The heart of the heating system
Modern solid fuel heating boilers are considered excellent sources of heat and comfort in the house, a person can create any microclimate, regulate the temperature regime and not depend on communication services, which sometimes break down. And this is very wonderful: to live in your own state (house) and to rule the ball, that is, heating.
Quite often there are houses cut off from the benefits of human civilization, but the dwelling must be somehow equipped and live in normal conditions. Moreover, it is unclear when the communication benefits will appear. In this case, a solid fuel boiler will be an excellent purchase.
It is clear that coal and wood are the main fuel for boilers of this kind. This suggests that the person must take care of restocking. In addition, it is necessary to equip a special room where this fuel will be stored, and it must be protected from atmospheric precipitation.
Heating boiler in action Another nuance - you need to monitor the boiler, since one portion of coal or firewood burns out and releases the amount of heat, then the next and certainly timely fuel loading is required. There should always be a person in the house who will be responsible for the productive operation of the boiler, because several “tips” will be needed, for example, one batch of fuel is designed for 3-4 hours.
You can extend the process of burning fuel, for this you should purchase a solid fuel pyrolysis boiler. When using it, not only the fuel combustion time is prolonged, but also the efficiency and efficiency increase. There will still be a conversation about his work in the article, but a little later.
And one more advantage of solid fuel boilers is the "retraining" to gas (what if the mains still appear near the house), then you just need to change the burner.
Classification of solid fuel boilers
Such boilers have an important advantage - economical fuel: it can be coal, peat braces, firewood, coke. Despite a peculiar alienation from civilization, these boilers are fully equipped with an automation system, and are also equipped with sensors responsible for temperature and equipment safety.
Heat exchanger material type
Cast iron solid fuel boiler Solid fuel heating boilers are classified according to the type of heat exchanger material: steel or cast iron, while their fuel resources are identical. Cast iron boilers for solid fuels are more durable, because this material tends to heat up for a long time and slowly cool down. But there are also negative aspects here: such units are characterized by excessive fragility, which is due to their sensitivity to sharp thermal drops. As a result of such a "temperature shock", the walls of the unit are gradually destroyed and the boiler breaks down. Not everything is so bad, today actual technologies have improved and cast-iron boilers have overcome fragility.
Steel boilers are more resistant to temperature "whims", but there are also some nuances - weakness to corrosion, and the reason for this phenomenon is condensate. Such an effect is not scary for a cast iron boiler, but in any case, the duration of service depends on the quality of the steel, thickness and the fact of proper handling of the equipment.
By the number of contours
Single-circuit boilers are designed exclusively for complete heating of the room. As a rule, in such boilers, the possibility of connecting a storage boiler is thought out;
Solid fuel double-circuit boiler Double-circuit solid fuel boilers - one circuit is intended for heating, and the other, respectively, for hot water supply. A solid fuel hot water boiler can have different power, it can be calculated using this ratio: 10 sq. m - at least 1 kW of boiler power. But this is subject to a ceiling height of no more than three meters and good thermal insulation. And if the heat loss in the house is significant, then the hot water supply system must be appropriate.
By the principle of work
According to this parameter, solid fuel boilers are divided into classic and gas generating (pyrolysis) boilers. A solid fuel heating boiler works according to the following scheme: the fuel is burned, and instead the coolant (water) is heated. With the help of a radiator system, the heated water heats the room.
Important: in order for the classic boiler to give out the rated power and high efficiency, it is necessary to ensure the correct functioning of the air exchange and the necessary draft in the chimney.
If you deviate from this recommendation, the efficiency decreases, the fuel is over-consumed, and the heater fails prematurely. Solid fuel gas generating boilers are based on the principle of pyrolysis fuel combustion. The bottom line is this: under the influence of high temperatures in conditions of a lack of oxygen, wood (dry) decomposes into a volatile part, that is, pyrolysis gas, and a solid residue, that is, charcoal (coke).
Important: a temperature of 200 - 800 degrees is used for wood pyrolysis.
This process is exothermic, proceeding with the release of heat, air oxygen and pyrolysis gas are mixed, as a result of which the latter begins to burn and is subsequently used to obtain thermal energy.
It is advisable to heat the gas generator boiler with the driest wood, as a result, operation at maximum power is ensured, as well as a long service life. What is the difference for the consumer between a classic and a pyrolysis boiler? Yes, in that the time between loading the pyrolysis boiler is at least doubled. It should also be noted that the flue gases coming out of such boilers almost do not contain impurities harmful to the atmosphere, by and large it is a mixture of carbon dioxide and water vapor. This means that they are more environmentally friendly and in the process of combustion a small amount of soot and ash is formed (this argument is very pleasing), therefore, it can be cleaned less often.
By type of automation
Non-volatile - in such boilers, the air flow is mechanically regulated;
Volatile - the air flow is regulated by the blower fan, which is controlled by the electronic unit.
By loading method
The fuel loading method can be manual or with automatic feeding (augers). The latter have become very popular in European countries, and this is not surprising, because they are characterized by huge advantages. But they are not available to all consumers due to the high cost and unavailability of the fuel used - eco-peas. Depending on the type of burner, other types of fuel can be used: coal with a fraction of up to 2.5 cm, pellets, dry wood chips.
A solid fuel heating boiler with supply has the main advantage - the bunker can be loaded and no longer need to contact the boiler for about 3–7 days (depending on the size of the bunker). In addition, such a boiler has a very high efficiency, minimal emissions into the atmosphere, and stable maintenance of the set temperature.
Important: boilers of this type need an independent power supply, a simple uninterruptible power supply is not suitable here.
Correct operation of solid fuel boilers
So, your dream has come true and you have become the proud owner of a modern boiler. How to handle it? Of course, you need to strictly follow the instructions and not take arbitrary actions.
A good solid fuel boiler is equipped, in most models, with a control unit, as well as a blower fan that maintains the temperature of the coolant.
The control unit for all the boilers considered in the article works according to the same scheme: there is a thermal sensor in the boiler jacket, it sends a signal about the water temperature to the control unit. Therefore, if the temperature drops below the mark set by the user, the control unit activates the blower fan, thus building up the required temperature.
After reaching the desired mark, the fan turns off, and the standby mode, that is, smoldering, is set in the control unit. In this mode, periodically and for a short time, the fan turns on to maintain combustion and remove accumulated gases in the combustion chamber.
Firing up is a crucial stage
Paper and small wood chips for ignition are placed through the skewer door, and larger firewood is added through the loading door. If a coal firing is provided, then a little coal is poured over the stacked firewood. Then the paper is ignited and time is given for the chips to ignite. In the case of recent boiler operation, a well-heated chimney and sufficient draft, you can close the door and simply turn on the control unit, while setting the desired coolant temperature. Then, after a while, the control unit should be turned off and the furnace door should be carefully opened to make sure with your own eyes that the laid part of the coal has already flared up and the main portion can be added.
Important: in this case, the gap in the front of the colossal lattice does not close.
Now that's all, the boiler itself will take care of maintaining the temperature. Here are just low-quality coal can be coked, so it is recommended to stir it periodically or lay fuel like a "sandwich" - firewood-coal-firewood.
It is also necessary to remember that until the system is fully warmed up, condensate may fall out on the walls of the heat exchanger (inside the boiler). This is often a temporary phenomenon, if the circulation is normal, then the condensation disappears.
Important: if the system and the house are cold, then it is advisable that the boiler worked at a high temperature for some time, and only then it can be reduced to the required level.
Ash removal is a must
Depending on the type of fuel, it is periodically necessary to remove the ash that is in the ash pan. There is less hassle with firewood, since the ash itself crumbles, and slag from coal is a little more difficult to remove. But the game is worth the candle, because the duration of the boiler's operation on coal with one load is 2 times longer.
Why do you need a circulation pump
A special device, a circulation pump, can be connected to the control unit. Why is it needed? Such a pump is necessary if the boiler does not pick up temperature for a long time, for example, it runs out of fuel, then the anti-freeze mode is activated, and the pump periodically drives water through the system so that it does not freeze.
Chimney rules
Chimney arrangement is a very important stage. Ideally, the chimney should be insulated, it can be a sleeve brick or sandwich pipe. Its height must be at least 6 meters, while the cross section depends on the type of boiler. Without a chimney, not a single solid fuel boiler will be able to work, it is not worth saving on its arrangement, this has a bad effect on the service life of the boiler.
A video clip will tell you about what the chimney should be made of, and about the devices for equipping it:
Solid fuel boilers are a great alternative for houses cut off from human goods. In the summer you can do the formation and purchase of fuel, and in the winter you can enjoy the warmth and not depend on anyone. The classic version heats the home, and solid fuel boilers, in addition to heat, also provide the residents of the house with hot water, and this is also an important aspect.
strmnt.com
Non-volatile heating boilers
A highly efficient non-volatile heating appliance is one of the most common types of heating devices for heating country cottages, summer cottages and private houses.
Depending on the fuel used, highly efficient non-volatile heating boilers of the following types are produced:
- gas;
- electrical;
- liquid fuel;
- solid fuel.
Installation of a non-volatile boiler using natural gas is most effective in residential areas with an unstable supply or lack of electricity. Liquid fuel or solid fuel heating appliances are installed in order to save natural gas and electricity. In urban or rural non-gasified areas with a powerful electrical supply network, it is advisable to install an electric non-volatile boiler.
The climate company MirKli presents a huge range of household heating equipment. Here you can select and purchase a high-quality boiler of the required power with the provision of a manufacturer's warranty. This will ensure long-term, efficient and trouble-free operation of the heating appliance!
A solid fuel boiler is a heating device that uses wood or coal as fuel. The main parts of the device are a water-jacketed firebox, smoke extraction and temperature control systems. The firebox has double walls, between which the heat carrier circulates (water jacket). In the process of fuel combustion, the walls heat up, and with them the water. Warm liquid rises up, enters the heat pipe, passes through the heating system, gives off heat and returns back. As a result of fuel combustion, a lot of smoke is generated, which is discharged by pipes to the street. The temperature control and regulation system adjusts the intensity of the air entering the combustion chamber.
Types of solid fuel heating systems
Devices are subdivided depending on the type of fuel used, according to the principle of its combustion and according to the degree of energy dependence. There are units that run on traditional solid fuels: wood, coal, fuel briquettes, coke. They are loaded into the furnace manually and periodically added as they burn. Pellet boilers appeared relatively recently. The fuel for them is pellets or granules with a diameter of 4-10 mm, which are produced from industrial waste and logging companies: sawdust, shavings, twisted trunks and branches. A special production technology made it possible to increase the heat release of the pellets almost to the level of coal. Since the models that consume pellets are new, they are equipped with fuel supply systems, have automatic ignition and belong to long-term burning devices. Universal boilers operate on all types of solid energy sources, are equipped with both mechanics and automation, which allows you to choose the best option in terms of price and performance.
According to the principle of fuel combustion, a distinction is made between units of a gradual process, operating according to the technology of upper combustion, which ensures layer-by-layer gradual combustion of fuel. This allows you to increase the efficiency of equipment and reduce losses up to 20%, reduce the amount of combustion products. A pyrolysis or gas-fired boiler generates heat through pyrolysis. Dry distillation of wood at 800 degrees allows you to get coke, which serves as fuel. This technology contributes to an almost complete absence of waste and an increase in efficiency up to 90%.
The degree of energy dependence of the boiler is determined by the need to use additional energy resources. Some devices require an electrical connection to function properly. Modern electronics and automation cannot work without electricity. Non-volatile boilers have a traditional design and are manually controlled. Such models provide heating in non-electrified houses, in the country, etc.
Boilers can be classified by the type of body material into cast iron and steel. Cast iron devices are not susceptible to water hardness, but they are afraid of its sharp temperature changes. They have a large mass, so the system's inertia will be high. Due to the anti-corrosion qualities of cast iron, they have a long service life, but they are more expensive.
Advantages and disadvantages of solid fuel boilers
The advantages of this type of heating devices include environmental friendliness and availability of fuel without being connected to the power grid. The operating time and power of the system is easily controlled by the fuel load volumes. Modern units have a high degree of fire safety and do not use explosive substances for operation. Such a heating system allows you to significantly save on connecting to the gas network. The required power is calculated from the ratio - 1 kW of the boiler per 10 sq. m area.
Disadvantages usually include the need for regular fuel addition, during which some smoke gets into the room. Boilers need to be cleaned periodically. They reach maximum power rather slowly and cannot immediately stop supplying heat.
The problem of heating your own home is one of the most difficult tasks that the owner of the house has to solve. Long-burning solid fuel boilers are perfect for solving this problem, because you cannot ignore this issue - it will be impossible to live in an unheated building for almost half a year, and sudden temperature changes will quickly age the entire interior decoration and shorten the service life of the entire structure.
The optimal solution to the issue seems to be the creation of an in-house system with the circulation of the coolant through pipes and radiators installed in the premises in the required quantity. This means that the main problem is the choice of a heat generator, simply a boiler, which will convert an external source of energy into heating. And in this matter, based on the characteristics of the climate in the overwhelming part of the territory of Russia, the degree of availability, including price, of certain energy resources, boilers for long burning on solid fuels are gaining more and more popularity.
What are the advantages of long-burning boilers
Today, the most convenient option is traditionally considered to be the installation of a gas boiler. However, far from all settlements, and even more so - suburban summer cottages, gas supply networks have been laid. In addition, the supply of an individual line from the main, if any, is a very serious cost.
If we add to this the inevitable approval procedures, drawing up a project in compliance with all the requirements of the regulatory authorities, then this method of heating can scare away the owners of the house, especially in conditions when there is a worthy alternative to it.
It would seem that a very acceptable option is the use of electricity. A lot of electric boilers are produced, they are distinguished by high efficiency, ease of adjustment, saturation of control systems and automatic control of the heating system. But all these very significant advantages are easily broken down into the main "underwater rock"- the cost of a kilowatt of electricity. The average family simply goes broke on just one thing.
In addition, it is no secret that in villages remote from large centers, drops in the power grid, alas, are not uncommon. Putting yourself in complete dependence on the stability of the power grid is probably not the best option.
Against the background of the development of modern energy technologies, the traditional for Russian open spaces method of heating their homes with ordinary firewood has gradually “faded into the shadows”. But this is a renewable energy source, and with a shortage of such fuel in the vast territories of the country there is simply no such thing as self-procured firewood, purchased wood, waste from wood processing enterprises, and old dead wood, which still needs regular cleaning. In short, wood was and remains the most affordable fuel in the forested areas of the country.
Of course, they never completely refused to use firewood, and the owners carefully repaired the stoves in the houses of the old building and used them for their intended purpose. But in new buildings, the installation of a stone stove or fireplace is done rather as a tribute to fashion, and not in order to completely switch to solid fuel.
But, oven oven - it keeps heat for a long time due to thick brick walls and a well-thought-out system of channels for the exit of firewood combustion products. It can be heated once a day to provide a suitable microclimate for living in the room. But what about the water heating circuits? If you just constantly keep the fire in the boiler's firebox, as in an ordinary wood-burning stove, then it will be ruinous in terms of fuel consumption, and it will be extremely tiring - every 2 — 3 hours, or even more often, add a new portion of firewood. However, a way out was found - this was embodied in the creation of a long burning.
Special design of the heater based on the ones used during its operation physico-chemical properties of solid fuel, allows loading firewood no more often than once every 12 - 15 hours, and in some models this period is even longer, and sometimes even several days.
The advantages of such boilers are also that many of them can be used as fuel, in addition to firewood, and other types of it. This can be, for example, compressed briquettes from wood waste - pellets, which can be purchased in a store, and in some cases even made by yourself.
Pellets - granular fuel for long burning boilers Coal or peat is used for solid fuel boilers. Recently have become popular the so-called "eurowood".
Wood waste processing product - briquettes or "eurowood" It is also a waste product from the woodworking industry, which is highly energy-intensive and very easy to use.
Principles of operation of long-burning boilers
The principle of operation of a conventional solid fuel furnace is probably known to everyone. Firewood (coal, briquettes) is put into the combustion chamber, and from the lower blower chamber there is an air stream containing oxygen necessary for the combustion process. The combustion intensity is limited only by the volume of the incoming air and the area of the outer surface of the fuel insert.
In fact, this is an ordinary fire, only enclosed in stone or metal walls, and requires constant replenishment of fuel. In this case, the combustion products are almost directly discharged into the chimney system, the labyrinths and turns of which only improve the heat transfer to the structural elements and, in a certain wall, lead to an increase in efficiency, but can in no way increase the overall energy efficiency of a particular type of fuel. The process of thermal decomposition of wood is very intense, short-lived, leaving a lot of waste and throwing unused opportunities into the atmosphere.
And these possibilities lie in the special properties of wood, which are due to its biochemical composition. During the heating process, this material does not simply oxidize to the state of coal with the release of ordinary carbon dioxide (CO2) and carbon monoxide (CO). High-temperature exposure always leads to the synthesis of volatile hydrocarbon compounds with a complex chemical formula, and they themselves are an excellent gaseous fuel, which is simply emitted into the atmosphere in conventional furnaces.
The process of thermal decomposition of wood is called pyrolysis, respectively, the hot gaseous components released during this process are called pyrolysis gas. It is characteristic that the temperature of its combustion, and hence the heat transfer, is incomparably higher than that obtained with the usual combustion of wood. At the same time, the processes of wood oxidation are so deep that after them there is practically no waste in the form of ash, and after the combustion of the gaseous component, mainly water vapor and carbon dioxide are emitted into the atmosphere.
This means that from the point of view of the technology of the most rational use of wood fuel, it is advisable to minimize the process of open combustion, to achieve the maximum release of pyrolysis gas, which, during combustion, will, in fact, be the main source of thermal energy. It is these principles that are incorporated into the design of long-burning boilers.
Varieties of solid fuel boilers for long burning
So, as, probably, it became clear from the principle of operation, the main technological problem that must be solved for its correct operation is the metering of air entering the chamber for preliminary thermal decomposition of firewood and adjusting the flows of the resulting pyrolysis gases and secondary heated air for their combustion in the main combustion chamber, where, in fact, the main heat exchange with the heating circuit is organized.
With the generality of the problem, in different models it is technically solved in its own way.
1. One of the options are designs in which air is pumped using a built-in fan, and the flow is regulated by an automation unit.
Most of these boilers are designed in such a way that the chamber for loading and pre-combustion of fuel is located at the top.
After firing up the laid firewood, the air supply to them is minimized, and the fan provides air flow through the lower chamber of the main afterburner, which is made of heat-resistant materials (chamotte or ceramic concrete), which do not allow metal parts to quickly burn out and, in addition, become good heat accumulators. The created thrust constantly "sucks" the generated pyrolysis gas into the lower chamber. At the entrance to it, there are ceramic nozzles that can withstand extreme temperatures - over 1000 degrees Celsius.
Combustible pyrolysis gases provide the main heat exchange with pipes or "jacket" of the water circuit. Circulating, which is usually also tied to the boiler automation unit, ensures the movement of the coolant through the pipes and radiators of the heating system.
If you look at the video presented, then even visually you can compare the very intensity of firewood burning in the loading chamber (almost at the level of sluggish smoldering) and the incomparable combustion power of pyrolysis gas in the main combustion chamber.
Video: design and operation of a long-burning pyrolysis boiler "Motor Sich«
This arrangement of chambers is not at all a "dogma" for this type of long-burning boilers. So, for example, in boilers of the Gefest-profi model range, the afterburner is moved back.
It has a complex labyrinth structure, which contributes to the most efficient heat exchange with the heating circuit. Due to this, a very high efficiency is achieved - up to 90 ÷ 93%, almost all the heat is spent on heating the coolant. This is evidenced by the fact that the temperature of the gases at the outlet to the chimney is only about 70 - 110 degrees.
The mentioned boilers with electronic regulation are good for everyone, however, they have a very significant drawback. They are completely volatile - when the power supply is turned off, the fans and the automation unit do not work, which means that the entire heating system becomes inoperative, even if there is a possibility of natural circulation of the coolant around the circuit in the house. Of course, there is a way out - this is the installation of an uninterruptible power supply system, but it is good for emergencies. If power outages are frequent, then some other option will have to be chosen.
Such boilers are also very picky about the mains voltage drops - the automation may not work correctly, and often they require the installation of a separate stabilizer.
2. Non-volatile long-burning boilers, in which regulated air circulation is organized due to natural draft, are devoid of such disadvantages. An example of such heating devices is the popular Trayan model of the Russian trade and production association of the same name and Bourgeois-K of the Kostroma plant "Teplogarant", which are popular among consumers.
The main advantage of such boilers is complete energy independence. They have an extensive loading chamber at the bottom, and under it is placed ash pan- everything is like in a classic oven. The damper on the air access door located at the bottom is mechanically (through a chain) connected to a bimetallic thermostat.
After loading the firewood and lighting it up, the damper is open to the maximum - this is necessary so that confident combustion of the fuel begins and the pyrolysis processes start, for which a temperature of at least 200 degrees is needed.
Then the damper is closed in such a way as to minimize the flow of oxygen into the wood burning zone, and the chamber switches to the smoldering mode. The air, having passed through special channels for the necessary heating to the desired temperature, enters the upper chamber. Its supply is carried out through special tubes, in which there are calibrated holes. Leaving through these peculiar burners, atmospheric oxygen enters into an oxidative reaction with pyrolysis gas rising from the combustion chamber. Its effective afterburning takes place with the release of a large amount of heat, which is spent on heating the coolant circulating through the pipes and the water "jacket" of the boiler.
Video: a diagram of the structure and operation of a long-burning boiler of the "Trayan" type
The boiler is completely non-volatile, so it can be fully used in the absence of electricity in an open or closed heating system with natural circulation of the coolant.
In fairness, it should be noted that such a scheme still evokes a lot of criticism from experts. It is difficult to argue here - indeed, according to his The efficiency and economy of firewood consumption, it is seriously inferior to boilers with electronic regulation and forced creation of air flows and pyrolysis gases. However, independence from electricity and ease of operation make such boilers very popular with Russian consumers.
3. Another technological approach to providing solid fuel with subsequent afterburning of pyrolysis gas is to create such conditions that the process of burning firewood goes from top to bottom, only in a relatively thin layer of the load. This principle, for example, is applied in the popular and proven boilers of the “Stropuva” model range of the Lithuanian company of the same name.
These boilers have the characteristic shape of a vertical cylinder. They can use almost any type of solid fuel - firewood, sawdust, wood chips, coal, briquettes, etc. An impressive loading chamber allows them to work on one tab for a very long time. So, on one load of firewood, the boiler, depending on the specific model, is capable of functioning from 1 to 3 days, and on coal this period is even more impressive - from 3 to 7 days.
The secret lies in the boiler design:
- The available fuel is loaded into the combustion chamber (8) through the window (6). Then, surface ignition is performed using conventional flammable furnace fluids. As soon as the combustion has begun, the air distributor (7) is lowered onto the fuel tab - it will supply oxygen only to the upper burning layer. Its design provides for special channels that contribute to the uniform distribution of the air flow over the combustion area.
- In order for the process of surface combustion with the accompanying pyrolysis to proceed as efficiently as possible, the air needs preliminary preparation - heating to a certain temperature. For this, a special chamber (2) is provided. It is connected to the distributor by a telescopic duct. Thus, the distributor gradually lowers as the fuel burns under its own gravity and is constantly in the upper burning layer.
- The released pyrolysis gases are burned out in the upper part of the chamber (5). For this, additional air is supplied through the damper (4). It has several provisions designed for different types of fuel - coal or wood.
- After the afterburning of gases, the residual products of combustion are discharged into the chimney through the pipe (3).
- The general regulation of the combustion intensity, and hence the heat output of the boiler, is performed by an air damper (1) connected to a bimetallic regulator, at which a preset value is set.
- The boiler is enclosed in a water "jacket" for heat exchange with the heating circuit - for this there are pipes for supplying a heated coolant (10) and a "return" (11).
- The inspection window (9) is used for regular cleaning of the furnace from ash deposits.
Video: design and operation of a long-burning boiler " Stropuva»
Prices for a linear range of heating boilers Stropuva
Heating boilers Stropuva
Some powerful models of Stropuva boilers can be equipped with a forced air fan. However, all of them are quite capable of functioning on natural draft, which makes these heating devices completely independent of the availability of electricity.
The design of the boiler is so efficient that it became the basis for numerous independent developments made by folk craftsmen. So, it was "Stropuva" that probably became the prototype of the popular one at the present time. Its structure, correct calculation and self-manufacturing technology are described in detail in the corresponding publication of our portal.
4. The duration of the autonomous operation of the boiler can also be ensured by automating the supply of solid fuel to the combustion chamber. This scheme is implemented in boilers using granular wood waste - pellets as fuel.
In fact, this is the same long-burning boiler, which has several combustion chambers, but is additionally equipped with a special hopper for loading granular fuel. Continuous feeding of pellets into the furnace is carried out by means of a rotating flexible or rigid auger.
Special photo and thermal sensors monitor the intensity of combustion and the availability of fuel, generating appropriate control signals for the timely supply of pellets to the combustion area in the required amount.
Such a scheme is considered to be very effective and promising. Its main disadvantage is complete dependence on power supply. However, such boilers may well be converted to the usual manual loading of firewood or coal. The system is quite complicated to install and adjust. And one more disadvantage, which so far limits the widespread use of such boilers - the currently unsaturated market for granular fuel, there may be certain problems with its purchase. Before installing such a boiler, in order not to waste a lot of money, you should guaranteed secure a reliable supply of pellets from their manufacturer.
Video: the advantages of a pellet boiler with automatic fuel supply
Prices for a range of solid fuel boilers
Solid fuel boilers
TOP 11 best solid fuel boilers
| Photo | Name | Rating | Price | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The best solid fuel boilers for long burning | ||||||
| #1 |
|
⭐ 99 / 100 2 - voices | ||||
| #2 |
|
⭐ 97 / 100 | ||||
| Best Pyrolysis Solid Fuel Boiler | ||||||
| #1 | Buderus Logano S171-50 W | ⭐ 100 / 100 1 - voice | ||||
| The best classic solid fuel boilers | ||||||
| #1 |
|
ZOTA Optima 20 | ⭐ 99 / 100 | |||
| #2 |
|
Sime SOLIDA EV 5 | ⭐ 98 / 100 | |||
| #3 |
|
Protherm Beaver 40 DLO | ⭐ 97 / 100 | |||
| #4 |
|
Bosch Solid 2000 B SFU 27 | ⭐ 96 / 100 1 - voice | |||
| #5 |
|
Kentatsu ELEGANT-03 | ⭐ 95 / 100 1 - voice | |||
| The best double-circuit solid fuel boiler | ||||||
| #1 |
|
Kiturami KRM 30R | ⭐ 99 / 100 | |||
| The best combined solid fuel boilers | ||||||
| #1 |
|
ZOTA Mix 20 | ⭐ 99 / 100 1 - voice | |||
| #2 |
|
Teplodar Kupper PRO 22 | ⭐ 95 / 100 1 - voice | |||
Let's summarize
So, it is too early to write off solid fuel boilers as outdated, irrelevant heating equipment. Thanks to modern innovative technologies, they received a "second wind" and freely compete with other types of boilers - gas and
- Long-burning boilers have a solid efficiency, reaching up to 90 - 95% in some models. Heat losses, thanks to well-thought-out processes of afterburning of pyrolysis gases and the design of heat exchangers, are minimized. In terms of efficiency and economy, they are in no way inferior to gas ones.
- The emission from such boilers into the atmosphere does not pose a threat to the environment, all components - water vapor and carbon dioxide, are easily absorbed by plants.
- The availability of fuel and autonomy, independence from the availability of gas mains is one of the main advantages of such equipment. There is no need for tedious licensing procedures when installing the boiler. In regions where there is no shortage of firewood, this is the best option for organizing home heating.
- Boilers can have a built-in second circuit for hot water supply to the house. Even if it is not there, it is easy to connect an indirect heating boiler to them.
- Long-burning boilers are quite unpretentious and easy to maintain. When used correctly, they are designed to last several decades.
The main disadvantages of such boilers are the following:
- No matter how long the operating time from one load may be, you still have to intervene periodically in this process to replenish the fuel supply to the combustion chamber.
- Unlike or electric, a mandatory preventive measure is the regular cleaning of the boiler from the accumulated ash in order to avoid its coking on the walls of the chambers.
- A solid fuel boiler requires a separate room with good ventilation and a chimney. These devices are always massive enough, so a reinforced platform must be prepared for them.
- Additional space is needed to create stocks of solid fuel with the obligatory observance of the rules for its storage. Such boilers are quite sensitive to the level of moisture in the wood. Humidity is considered to be a limiting value of up to 20% - if it is exceeded, a sharp loss of efficiency is possible.
The Stropuva S40U long-burning boiler model is very reliable and highly economical. Any solid fuel of any quality is used to operate the boiler. This boiler can heat up to 100 square meters, it is suitable for water heating systems with both natural and forced circulation. One laying of firewood in the boiler is capable of operating up to 30 hours, 2 days on briquettes and up to 5 days on coal.
- high efficiency - 90%;
- saving fuel and electricity;
- there is a possibility of using various raw materials;
- lightweight and easy to maintain;
- completely safe;
- long service life.
- made of steel, not cast iron;
- bright color.
Solid fuel boiler Stropuva S40U
Cylinder-shaped boiler, which has a specific operating principle: laid firewood or wood briquettes burn only from above. One bookmark can smolder up to 7 hours. At cold air temperatures in the boiler, continuous operation can be maintained for up to 1.5 days. Having more than 1.5 height, the boiler does not clutter up the room.
- non-volatile;
- has a high efficiency;
- economical;
- compact.
Modern solid fuel boilers are used for heating private and country houses.
Despite the sufficient level of development of gasification in our country, heating in many regions is due to solid fuel heating boilers remains relevant. Wood-fired boilers are in demand.
Such a choice of heating systems is due not only to the greater availability of this type of fuel, but also to the high efficiency of the latest models of solid fuel long-burning heating boilers, both domestic and foreign, made using modern technologies and from high-quality materials.
At the same time, prices for solid fuel boilers in Moscow and the regions practically do not differ, and today there is no problem to choose and buy a solid fuel heating boiler.
A solid fuel heating boiler is a complex engineering device that heats a circulating heat carrier by burning firewood and other wood or coal fuel and their derivatives: briquettes or granules (pellets).
Today, buying solid fuel boilers for long burning is a real opportunity to get high-quality heat supply and ensure continuous hot water supply in a private cottage or country house, with minimal financial and operating costs.
Varieties of solid fuel heating boilers
According to the technological scheme of fuel combustion, solid fuel heating boilers can be conditionally divided into systems using classical combustion and pyrolysis systems using solid fuels. Compared with the classical combustion method (classic solid fuel boiler fired with wood and coal), pyrolysis uses the unique ability of solid fuel to turn into a gaseous state at high temperatures and in the absence of air.
Such gas burns with much greater efficiency, providing pyrolysis solid fuel boilers with long burning, high efficiency and a long period of operation between fuel loads. Of course, they have a slightly higher price than their classic counterparts with the same power, but the economy and ease of maintenance justify the costs in the shortest possible time after their purchase.
Traditional solid fuel boilers for long burning can have design differences, which consist in the approach to the design of the combustion chamber, as well as in the use of various materials for the manufacture of the heat exchanger - cast iron or steel. A solid fuel boiler using a heat exchanger of the first type is significantly heavier and more fragile with an increase in thermal performance, while the steel structure is strong and resistant to damage.
The operation of solid fuel boilers in automatic mode allows not only to reduce operating costs, shifting most of the maintenance and control of equipment operation to automation, but also using a solid fuel boiler with automatic loading to achieve the level of comfort obtained from the use of gas boilers.
It is not yet easy to buy such solid fuel boilers on the Russian market, but given the promising opportunities, one can assume a great future for them.
The advantages of solid fuel boilers
- Fuel availability
- Affordable price for solid fuel boilers
- You can buy fuel at a low price
- Easy to maintain (intuitive operation)
- The ability to use various types of fuel (firewood, coal, pellets, etc.)
- Autonomy (especially important in those regions of our country where there are problems with the supply of centralized gas and electricity)
- High efficiency
- Environmental friendliness
- Safety
- Do not require additional power supply
- Low operating costs
- Solid fuel boilers without a water circuit can do without a continuous combustion process (especially beneficial for industrial premises where it is not necessary to maintain a high temperature at night and on weekends)
- Double savings in small businesses, which have the ability to burn their own waste as fuel. In such cases, the heating of industrial premises is combined with the disposal of production waste (for example, in the paper industry)
Popular models of solid fuel boilers
| Solid fuel boilers Buderus | Solid fuel boilers Protherm. | Solid fuel boilers Don. | Solid fuel boilers Biomaster. |
|
Cast iron boilers. Their installation can be carried out both in combination with other boilers, and separately. A wide range of capacities will allow you to select a solid fuel heating boiler for any room in terms of volume, and pyrolysis combustion - to obtain a high level of heat transfer. Buderus boilers use wood as fuel for heating. They are distinguished by uncomplicated maintenance and ease of installation. The presence of automatic protection devices makes them one of the safest models, and the increased level of efficiency and low fuel consumption - the most economical in comparison with other analogs. |
They have a cast-iron heat exchanger and a volumetric fuel chamber, which allows achieving an excellent level of performance. A distinctive feature of these boilers is the presence of thermal insulation and horizontal discharge of combustion products. Both wood and coal can be used as fuel. There is a possibility of installation and combination with gas models. An automatic thermostatic regulator will prevent overheating of the system and shut down the boiler in case of danger. |
They are versatile and can operate both on natural gas and wood fuel: peat, pellets, coal, wood. They have a special heat exchanger adapted to the domestic conditions of hard water. The thermal insulation layer reaches 8 mm, which is more than enough to keep warm. The combustion chamber is made of heat-resistant steel, and the operating time without refueling reaches 8 hours. The design of Don boilers combines the best technologies of domestic manufacturers and the latest achievements in the design of heating equipment. |
They use firewood and environmentally friendly pellets for their work. Thanks to the automatic loading, Biomaster boilers are the most convenient of all the models presented. Their bodies, like the heat exchangers, are made of high-quality steel and are water-cooled. The combustion chamber has a specially designed geometric shape, which increases its efficiency and allows you to burn even low-grade fuel. |
The Termo-Mir company, which sells, installs and maintains solid fuel boilers in Moscow and the Moscow region, invites its customers to familiarize themselves with a wide range of products from leading Russian and foreign manufacturers of solid fuel boilers, as well as heating systems using other types of fuel. Buying a solid fuel boiler from us means choosing the most suitable option, taking into account our range. 
In our store, domestic solid fuel boilers (automatic and manually controlled) are most fully represented, as well as model lines of products of the most famous world brands and brands that are in high demand among Russian consumers.
Features of solid fuel boilers for coal
Solid fuel boilers for coal have a number of distinctive advantages and disadvantages.
Advantages:
- Coal-fired boilers, having selected the required power, can heat any area,
- Boilers (especially those using coal as fuel) are almost universal in the choice of fuel: firewood, waste, household waste, briquettes, pellets, sawdust and much more
- Carbon monoxide generated during combustion does not enter the chimney, but serves as a raw material for obtaining flammable gas
- Long burning time (from 6-8 hours)
- Possibility of easy regulation of combustion intensity due to air supply
They also have specific disadvantages:
- Coal needs a separate storage area (no dampness and strong wind)
- Periodic cleaning of the combustion chamber and smoke exhaust system from accumulated soot is required.
Tips for heating a home with solid fuel boilers
Remember that no matter what type of heating boiler you choose, you should optimize the condition of the room itself. Walls should be insulated from the outside and from the inside, and a draft should be eliminated in window and door openings. You should also take care of the condition of the attic and basement. The temperature there should be such that in winter it was slightly higher than outside. If it's warm there, then the heat goes out through them into the street, and you needlessly heat the air and the earth around the house.
The most popular brands are:
- Buderus is a product of a world famous company that combines German quality and the most advanced development of automation systems using traditional components such as a cast iron or steel heat exchanger;
- Protherm - the choice of this brand of equipment allows to achieve excellent fuel combustion efficiency, achieved by increasing the combustion chamber and using a cast-iron heat exchanger in combination with horizontal exhaust of combustion products;
- Biomaster is one of the most environmentally friendly boilers that use wood and pellets as fuel;
- FBRJ - Russian manufacturers provide stable quality, reliability and decent technical characteristics of their products at the lowest prices. At the same time, the design of the FBRZ boilers allows loading fuel only twice a day.
An effective heat supply system for buildings and structures is based on correct initial data and correct calculation, and a wide range allows you to buy equipment that is optimally suited to the design characteristics.
Using a flexible marketing policy, we sell solid fuel boilers and keep prices at a minimum, providing a wide range of additional services for the design of autonomous heating and hot water supply systems based on gas, liquid and solid fuel boilers in Moscow and the regions.
Buy a solid fuel boiler at a low price
Arranging a heating system in accordance with the project means providing yourself with efficient energy equipment and avoiding additional problems presented by our changeable climate.
The calendar stubbornly tells us that we live in the 21st century and, indeed, we will not be surprised by flights into space, but regular power outages return us to the 19th century. This is not about the consequences of the disaster, but about planned measures associated with the constant repair of outdated equipment. Stable voltage in the network is a dream come true even for residents of cottage settlements located around megacities. It is much easier to install a heating boiler control using a smartphone than to guarantee a stable supply of electricity in small villages and on the outskirts of regional centers. It is not surprising that non-volatile heating boilers are in high demand today. Only they guarantee constant comfort during winter storms and snowfalls.
The main types of non-volatile boilers
As the name suggests - non-volatile boilers are able to work without being connected to the electrical network... Accordingly, they should be installed in houses with heating systems in which the coolant circulates under the influence of gravitational forces. Manufacturers produce the following types of non-volatile boilers:
- Liquid fuel boilers;
Solid fuel boilers were originally designed as non-volatile, but many modern models are equipped with pumps and other electronic equipment. However, manufacturers today still produce non-volatile models, introducing innovative technologies. Such boilers are attracted not only by their complete autonomy, but also by their long burning time. Single boot firewood enough for 4-6 hours of work, a coal - for 12-14 hours.
A special category of non-volatile solid fuel heating equipment are pyrolysis boilers(read about the principles of their work in).
They have two chambers: fuel smolders in one, producing pyrolysis gas, which burns in the second chamber according to the principle of household gas. Such models are able to maintain heat throughout the day, and by installing it on the boiler, you can control its operation from any place where there is a mobile connection.
Gas boilers cannot work at all without electricity, therefore a thermogenerator is installed in non-volatile models. An electric current is generated in it, which is sufficient to maintain the gas valve in the operating position and ensure the operation of the burner. Such boilers are switched on using piezo ignition, and traction level control sensors provide a high level of safety during the operation of the equipment.
All goodsAdvantages and disadvantages of non-volatile boilers
Among the main merits non-volatile models are worth highlighting:
- Affordable cost;
- Availability of automated systems for monitoring the intensity of flame combustion;
- Long service life of the heat exchanger;
- High functionality;
- Simple care and unpretentiousness;
- High efficiency;
- Simplified installation;
- Compact size and light weight.
Gas models able to work with pressure drops in fuel supply systems.
Disadvantages of gas boilers lie only in the need to approach the creation of air ventilation systems, coolant circulation and exhaust gas removal as carefully as possible. The chimney must provide heating equipment with good draft. The pipelines through which the coolant circulates should be located at such an angle that gravity guarantees an even flow of water in the system. For the heating system when using non-volatile boilers, large diameter pipes are required. The same feature is the need to install an expansion tank for excess hot water. If these conditions are not met, then the equipment flaws will be visible and create discomfort for the inhabitants of the house.
