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CASTRY, Charles (Castries, Charles, 1727-1800), Marquis, Marshal of France, in 1780-1787. Minister of the Navy68 They want to talk about everything without even having a thousand of equal rent. About the French enlighteners. In this form is given in the novel by Stendhal "Red and Black" (1831), II, 6.? Guerlac, p. 217. According to Nicola

Liman. Nevertheless, in the spring, the youngest member of the Nevelskoy expedition, N.K.Boshnyak, was sent with two Cossacks and one Tungus to establish a post on the shores of De-Kastri Bay. First, the Alexander post was built, which was abolished by the beginning of the 20th century; later De-Kastri appeared.

De-Kastri was named after the former name of the Chikhachev Bay on which it stands. The bay was discovered by La Pérouse on July 25, 1787 and named after the expedition's sponsor, the Minister of the Navy, the Marquis de Castries. (fr.)... The bay provides a convenient natural refuge for ships, which is also valuable from a military point of view.

When drawing up the first plans for the railway network of Russia in 1858, N.N. These plans were not implemented - the railway reached the Pacific Ocean much further south, in Vladivostok, and in Soviet times - in Vanino.

In 1890, De-Kastri was visited by A.P. Chekhov. He included his impressions of the village in the work "Sakhalin Island", where the Alexander post is referred to as "several houses and a church" with a priest coming from the village of Mariinsk. Bad weather (few sunny days) and large fish caught by Chekhov in the bay are also mentioned.

During the Russo-Japanese War, on July 10, 1905, the Japanese landed a landing at De-Kastri.

During the Civil War, from January 11 to February 27, 1920, the village was occupied by the White Guard detachment of I. N. Vits, consisting of 48 people. The White Guards hoped to hold out in the village until spring and the arrival of Japanese troops by sea to help them. After a short siege, the village was taken by red troops. IN Vits, the commander of the detachment, desperate from the loss of Nikolaevsk-on-Amur and De-Kastri, shot himself in the Klosterkamp lighthouse near the village.

In 1932, fortifications were created around De-Kastri to protect against the Japanese occupying the south of Sakhalin at that time. In 1940, the Dekastrinsky naval base with coastal gun batteries was formed, the Dekastrinsky fortified area No. 104 was formed until 1941. During the war, Soviet ships were based and sheltered in the gulf; after the war, all fortifications were abandoned.

Population

Climate

682000, 682400, 682429

History

De-Kastri was named after the former name of the Chikhachev Bay on which it stands. The bay was discovered by La Perouse on July 25, 1787 and named after the expedition sponsor - the Minister of the Navy, the Marquis de Castries ( fr.). The bay provides a convenient natural refuge for ships, which is also valuable from a military point of view.

When drawing up the first plans for the railway network of Russia in 1858, N.N. These plans were not implemented - the railway reached the Pacific Ocean much further south, in Vladivostok, and in the Soviet era in Vanino.

There is a project to build an oil product pipeline from an oil refinery in Komsomolsk-on-Amur to a village with a capacity of 3-4 million tons per year.

sights

Notable natives

• Zorkaltsev, Viktor Ilyich - Soviet and Russian statesman.

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Excerpt from De-Kastri

At two o'clock the four crews of the Rostovs were laid down and laid down at the entrance. Carts with the wounded, one after another, moved out of the yard.
The carriage in which Prince Andrei was driven, passing by the porch, attracted the attention of Sonya, who, together with the girl, arranged seats for the countess in her huge high carriage, which stood at the entrance.
- Whose stroller is this? - asked Sonya, leaning out the carriage window.
- Didn't you know, young lady? - answered the maid. - The prince is wounded: he spent the night with us and is also going with us.
- Who is it? What's the last name?
- Our very former groom, Prince Bolkonsky! - sighing, answered the maid. - They say at death.
Sonya jumped out of the carriage and ran to the countess. The Countess, already dressed for the road, in a shawl and a hat, tired, walked around the living room, waiting for her family, in order to sit with closed doors and pray before leaving. Natasha was not in the room.
“Maman,” said Sonya, “Prince Andrew is here, wounded, dying. He's coming with us.
The countess, frightened, opened her eyes and, seizing Sonya by the hand, looked around.
- Natasha? She said.
For both Sonya and the Countess, this news had only one meaning in the first minute. They knew their Natasha, and the horror of what would happen to her with this news drowned out for them all sympathy for the man whom they both loved.
- Natasha doesn't know yet; but he is coming with us, ”said Sonya.
- You say, dying?
Sonya nodded her head.
The Countess hugged Sonya and burst into tears.
"God works in mysterious ways!" - she thought, feeling that in everything that was being done now, the omnipotent hand, which had previously been hidden from the gaze of people, was beginning to appear.
- Well, mom, everything is ready. What are you talking about? .. - Natasha asked with a lively face, running into the room.
“Nothing,” said the Countess. - It's done, so let's go. - And the Countess bent down to her reticule to hide her upset face. Sonya hugged Natasha and kissed her.
Natasha glanced inquiringly at her.
- What you? What happened?
- There is nothing…
- Very bad for me? .. What is it? - Asked sensitive Natasha.
Sonya sighed and said nothing. Count, Petya, m me Schoss, Mavra Kuzminishna, Vasilich entered the living room, and, having closed the doors, all sat down and silently, without looking at each other, sat for a few seconds.
The count was the first to get up and, sighing loudly, began to cross himself into the icon. Everyone did the same. Then the count began to hug Mavra Kuzminishna and Vasilich, who remained in Moscow, and, while they were catching his hand and kissing him on the shoulder, he lightly patted them on the back, saying something vague, tenderly soothing. The Countess went into the figurative room, and Sonya found her there on her knees in front of the remaining images scattered along the wall. (The most expensive, according to family legends, images were carried with them.)
On the porch and in the courtyard, people leaving with daggers and sabers, which Petya had armed them with, with trousers tucked into their boots and tightly girded with belts and sashes, said goodbye to those who remained.
As always when leaving, much was forgotten and not so arranged, and for quite a long time two hangers stood on both sides of the open door and steps of the carriage, preparing to put the countess in, while the girls ran with pillows, bundles from the house to the carriages, and a stroller , and a chaise, and back.
- Everyone will reset their century! - said the countess. “After all, you know that I cannot sit like that. And Dunyasha, gritting her teeth and not answering, with an expression of reproach on her face, rushed into the carriage to remodel the seat.
- Oh, this people! - said the count, shaking his head.
The old coachman Yefim, with whom the Countess only dared to ride, sitting high on her box, did not even look back at what was happening behind him. With thirty years of experience, he knew that it would take a long time before he would be told "by God!" and that when they say, they will stop him two more times and send him for forgotten things, and after that they will stop him again, and the countess herself will lean out her window and ask him, by God, to drive more carefully on the slopes. He knew this and therefore more patiently than his horses (especially the left red-haired Falcon, who kicked and, chewing, fingered the bit) expected what would happen. Finally they all sat down; the steps gathered and threw themselves into the carriage, the door slammed shut, they sent for the box, the countess leaned out and said what should be. Then Yefim slowly took off his hat from his head and began to cross himself. The postman and all the people did the same.
- With God! - said Yefim, putting on his hat. - Pull it out! - The postilion touched. The right drawbar sank into the collar, high springs crackled, and the body swayed. The footman jumped on the box as he walked. The carriage shook at the exit from the yard onto the shaking pavement, the other carriages also shook, and the train moved up the street. In carriages, a carriage and a chaise, everyone was baptized in the church opposite. The people who remained in Moscow walked on both sides of the carriages, seeing them off.
Natasha rarely experienced such a joyful feeling as that which she now experienced, sitting in the carriage beside the Countess and looking at the walls of the abandoned, alarmed Moscow that slowly moved past her. She occasionally leaned out the carriage window and looked back and forth at the long train of wounded that preceded them. Almost in front of everyone she could see the closed top of Prince Andrey's carriage. She did not know who was in it, and every time, realizing the area of ​​her convoy, she looked for this carriage with her eyes. She knew that she was ahead of everyone.
In Kudrin, from Nikitskaya, from Presnya, from Podnovinsky, several trains similar to the Rostovs' train arrived, and carriages and carts were already traveling in two rows along Sadovaya.
Circling the Sukharev tower, Natasha, curiously and quickly examining the people, riding and walking, suddenly cried out with joy and surprise:
- Fathers! Mom, Sonya, look, this is it!
- Who? Who?
- Look, by God, Bezukhov! - Natasha said, leaning out of the carriage window and looking at a tall, fat man in a coachman's caftan, obviously a well-dressed gentleman in gait and posture, who, next to a yellow beardless old man in a frieze overcoat, approached under the arch of the Sukharev Tower.
- By God, Bezukhov, in a caftan, with some old boy! By God, - said Natasha, - look, look!
- No, it's not him. Is it possible, such nonsense.
“Mom,” Natasha shouted, “I’ll give you a head to cut off, that it’s him!” I assure you. Wait, wait! She shouted to the coachman; but the coachman could not stop, because more carts and carriages had left Meshchanskaya, and they shouted at the Rostovs to get under way and not detain others.