Coat of arms of Guatemala comprises:
- A wreath of olive branches, a symbol of victory;
- The magnificent Quetzal, a bird that symbolizes freedom;
- The scroll on which it is written LIBERTAD 15 DE SEPTIEMBRE DE 1821 (September 15, 1821, the date of independence of Central America from Spain);
- Two crossed Remingcon rifles with bayonets indicating Guatemala's readiness to defend itself by force if necessary;
- Two crossed swords symbolize honor.
The coat of arms was designed by the Swiss painter and printmaker Jean-Baptiste Fraener, who lived in Guatemala from 1854 until his death in 1897.
The coat of arms of Guatemala emerged on the basis of one of the decorative compositions that adorned the capital's palace Casa Moneda on the occasion of the liberals coming to power in 1871. The winners liked the emblem so much that they made it (with minor changes) the state emblem. The central emblem of the coat of arms is the national bird of Guatemala - the quetzal.
This is a large (up to 120 centimeters in length) bird from the trogon order with bright plumage, living in mountain forests. Long, like that of a peacock, tail feathers give it beauty. Quetzal is quite rare and protected. Even before the Spanish conquest, this bird was considered sacred by the local Indians. Quetzal feathers adorned images of gods, headdresses of rulers and nobles. There are many legends associated with quetzal.
According to one of them, at the moment of the decisive battle of the Maya and Quiche Indians with the conquistadors, his patron quetzal hovered over the Indian leader Tekun Uman. When Tekun Uman died in battle, the quetzal fell dead on his bloody body, and supposedly since then all quetzals have red breasts.
Quetzal is not accidentally considered a symbol of freedom in Guatemala. It is very rarely possible to catch it alive, and in captivity the quetzal, as a rule, dies. Quetzal is taken from the emblem that existed in the 40s of the XIX centuries in the south-west of Guatemala, and then the annexed republic of Los Altos (on its blue-white-red flag quetzal, a volcano and a tree were depicted).
A scroll with the Spanish inscription “Freedom. September 15, 1821 " also symbolizes freedom and independence, since the date of liberation from Spanish rule is written on it. The crossed sabers and rifles with bayonets are reminiscent of the struggle for independence and the determination of the people of Guatemala to defend the freedom they have won.
Sometimes the coat of arms is depicted against the background of a blue oval or circle, sometimes just on a white background. Most often, the coat of arms itself is depicted on a blue background, and when placed on the flag - without it. The details of the coat of arms were slightly changed several times. In particular, earlier sabers and the ends of laurel branches were tied with ribbons in the colors of the national flag, and the head of the quetzal was turned to the right. The coat of arms, and with it the state flag, acquired its modern look in 1968.
Guatemala flag- the official symbol of the Republic of Guatemala. The proportions are 5: 8. The flag consists of three equal vertical stripes of white and blue colors. The white stripe is located in the middle of the flag, the blue stripes are located on the right and left. On the white stripe there is the country's coat of arms, which depicts two crossed Remington rifles with attached gray bayonets, below them there are two crossed sabers, also gray with yellow handles, framed by two green laurel branches. In the center of the coat of arms there is an image of a sheet of parchment of light yellow color, containing a commemorative inscription on the date of proclamation of independence: " Libertad 15 deSeptiembrede 1821 ". The letters are dark yellow. Above the leaf - the image of the bird quetzal ( PharomacrusMocinno).
Adopted in 1871. The white color of the stripes of the flag symbolizes honesty and purity, blue - law and justice. Crossed rifles signify a willingness to defend freedom, sabers are symbols of justice and independence. Laurel branches symbolize victory and glory. The quetzal bird is a symbol of freedom and sovereignty.
The Quetzal bird was a sacred symbol of the Aztecs and Mayans - it personified the god of air. Quetzal is also called the bird of freedom. This bird is the state symbol of Guatemala and the national symbol of freedom.
Today these birds are on the verge of extinction and are listed in the International Red Book as an endangered species. The reason for this is the reduction in the areas of their natural habitats - tropical and mountain forests..
Quetzal is a small but very beautiful bird. Its length, including the tail, does not exceed 35 centimeters. Its main wealth lies in its variegated color and tail, more precisely 2 long tail feathers, the length of which reaches, and sometimes exceeds the length of the bird itself.
Most of the time Quetzali spends high in trees, equipping nests and finding food. They feed mainly on the fruits of ocotea, which are swallowed whole. They also eat insects, tree frogs, snails and lizards.
It is listed in the International Red Book as an endangered species. The second name, unofficial, " The Bird of Happiness».
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See what "Quetzal (bird)" is in other dictionaries:
See meat fired poultry, fired poultry ... Dictionary of Russian synonyms and similar expressions. under. ed. N. Abramova, M .: Russian dictionaries, 1999. bird bird, birdie, bird (God), birdie, birdie; firebird, bluebird, ornithoper, ... ... Synonym dictionary
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Quezal (Pharomachrus mocino), bird of the trogon order. Body length (without tail) is about 40 cm. The head, chest and dorsal side are brilliant golden green, the underside of the chest and abdomen are crimson, the tail is black and white, completely hidden very ... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia
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Quetzal is a bird native to the mountain forests of Central America. Quetzal is the currency of Guatemala ... Wikipedia
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The coat of arms of Guatemala emerged on the basis of one of the decorative compositions that adorned the capital's palace Casa Moneda on the occasion of the liberals coming to power in 1871. The winners liked the emblem so much that they made it (with minor changes) the state emblem. The central emblem of the coat of arms is the national bird of Guatemala - the quetzal.
This is a large (up to 120 centimeters in length) bird from the trogon order with bright plumage, living in mountain forests. Long, like that of a peacock, tail feathers give it beauty. Quetzal is quite rare and protected. Even before the Spanish conquest, this bird was considered sacred by the local Indians. Quetzal feathers adorned images of gods, headdresses of rulers and nobles. There are many legends associated with quetzal.
According to one of them, at the moment of the decisive battle of the Maya and Quiche Indians with the conquistadors, his patron quetzal hovered over the Indian leader Tekun Uman. When Tekun Uman died in battle, the quetzal fell dead on his bloody body, and supposedly since then all quetzals have red breasts.
Quetzal is not accidentally considered a symbol of freedom in Guatemala. It is very rarely possible to catch it alive, and in captivity the quetzal, as a rule, dies. Quetzal is taken from the emblem that existed in the 1840s in the south-west of Guatemala, and then the republic of Los Altos, which was annexed to it (its blue-white-red flag depicted quetzal, a volcano and a tree).
A scroll with the Spanish inscription “Freedom. September 15, 1821 " also symbolizes freedom and independence, since the date of liberation from Spanish rule is written on it. The crossed sabers and rifles with bayonets are reminiscent of the struggle for independence and the determination of the people of Guatemala to defend the freedom they have won.
Sometimes the coat of arms is depicted against the background of a blue oval or circle, sometimes just on a white background. Most often, the coat of arms itself is depicted on a blue background, and when placed on the flag - without it. The details of the coat of arms were slightly changed several times. In particular, earlier sabers and the ends of laurel branches were tied with ribbons in the colors of the national flag, and the head of the quetzal was turned to the right. The coat of arms, and with it the state flag, acquired its modern look in 1968.
The length to the end of the tail is 35 cm, the two longest supra-tail feathers are of the same length, the other two are shorter. Male from above is bright green with a golden tint and with a metallic sheen. The feathers on the head are fluffed up in the form of a short but wide crest. Large green wing coverts are elongated and hang over the dark wings. The belly and undertail are of a dense crimson color. The tail is white underneath. By the end of the nesting season, the plumage of the male wears out and loses its splendor. The female is devoid of crest and long tail feathers. From above it is also green, but without a golden tint, from below it is brown-brown, the tail is dotted with brown stripes below.
Inhabits cold virgin mountain forests from southern Mexico to Panama. The sacred bird of the ancient Maya and Aztecs. They considered him to be the god of air and his long green tail feathers were used in religious ceremonies. However, the birds were never killed for this, but were caught alive, plucked out of their feathers and released. In modern Guatemala, quetzal is the state symbol of the country, the national symbol of freedom. It is believed that, deprived of his freedom, he dies of a broken heart. Indeed, in captivity, his life is short, but in nature, due to persecution, they have now become very rare. Quetzal is depicted on the coat of arms of the state, the monetary unit there is called quetzal. In the IUCN Red List.
It feeds almost exclusively on the fruits of ocotea
The mountain forests from southern Mexico to Panama are home to freedom-loving quezali birds - the state symbol of Guatemala, as well as the national symbol of freedom.
During the Aztec Empire, the bird was considered sacred and personified the god of air. People of that time used the long tail feathers of the quesal for a variety of rituals. It is noteworthy that the Aztecs never killed the deified birds: having pulled out the feathers, they were released.
After the defeat of the empire in 1521, the quesals were mercilessly exterminated, endangering the species. Today the situation remains deplorable, and another problem has been added - the destruction of the only habitat - tropical forests.
Experts fail to breed them in captivity, as the caught birds quickly die. There is a rumor that when a quetzal is in a cage, his heart breaks.
Quezal or quetzal(Latin Pharomachrus mocinno), although small, it is very beautiful. The length of the body, including the tail, does not exceed 35 centimeters. But it is not the size that attracts attention to itself. Its main wealth is its incredibly variegated color and tail, or more precisely, 2 long tail feathers, the length of which can reach, and sometimes even exceed the length of the body of the bird itself (along with the tail).
The males are the most beautiful. Their color is more varied and the tail is longer. The most striking places on the body are the breast, abdomen and undertail. They are colored bright crimson or red. The rest of the body is covered with bright green plumage with a golden tint. There is a small white area only under the tail. The royal look is completed by a low, but wide crest. Females are deprived of all these beauties. They have a green-brown color scheme.
Most of the time kuezals spend high in the trees, where they are engaged in arranging a nest or obtaining food. Their menu is not varied. The main dish is ocotea fruits, which are swallowed whole. Kwezali also does not pass by insects, tree frogs, snails and lizards.
The nests of these birds are located high above the ground, in abandoned tree holes. Both partners are engaged in its arrangement. After mating, the female lays two to four eggs there. Parents are responsible for the care and upbringing of their offspring. To begin with, they take turns incubating the clutch.
This process takes just over 2 weeks. They then co-feed their chicks with insects and then with pieces of fruit, frogs, snails or lizards. All this continues for 20 days, until the chicks grow up and fully fledge. Then young birds begin to forage for themselves on their own.
