By the next birthday of Stalin, I will not tell today the already quite obvious things on the topic of his social rehabilitation and the nature of his wide popularity, all this has already been said more than once. In this regard, I would like to turn to a narrower topic related to both Stalin and the Donbass.

Here the other day, when I was studying materials on the Donetsk-Kryvyi Rih Republic, which in terms of historical continuity quite precedes the modern DPR, I came across an interesting interview with the son of the founder of the Donetsk-Kryvyi Rih Republic, comrade "Artem". After the tragic death of Artyom, who was friends with the then still gaining weight Stalin and Kirov, Stalin adopted his son "Artyom" and raised him in his family. This is what Stalin's adopted son himself talks about in his old, but still relevant interview in 2006, which is essentially an excerpt from his book http://www.e-reading.link/bookreader.php/1019538/Sergeev_-_Kak_zhil, _rabotal_i_vospityval_detey_I._V._Stalin.html "How Stalin lived, worked and raised his children."

Stalin's adopted son

Comrade Artem or Artem Fedorovich Sergeev.

Artem Fedorovich! Now everyone is discussing the film "Stalin's Wife", recently shown on television. Have you watched it?

Artem Fedorovich Sergeev was born into the family of Sergeev Fedor Andreevich (underground nickname - Artem), after whom dozens of settlements and streets were named in our country. After the death of the legendary Bolshevik, his son was raised in his family by a friend and colleague of Fyodor Sergeev, Joseph Stalin. Artem was friends with Stalin's son Vasily until his death. Now Major General of Artillery Sergeev lives in the village of Zhukovka on Rublevskoye Highway, in a house that his mother Elizaveta Lvovna bought back in 1937. Artem Fedorovich is 85 years old. On the advice of his mother, he kept diaries and recorded events that he himself witnessed.
The doors of Artyom Fedorovich's house, like other inhabitants of this elite village, are not open to everyone. Ekaterina Glushik showed me the way to Zhukovka, who recorded with Artem Fedorovich "Conversations about Stalin", published by the publishing house "Krymsky Most-9D". The atmosphere of Sergeev's house surprisingly preserved the spirit of pre-war dachas under the pine trees, with spacious verandas, old inlaid wardrobes, which Sergeev's mother bought for 20 rubles each. Our conversation began with the childhood memories of Artyom Fedorovich.

Politburo decision

- How did you get into Stalin's family?

My father worked with Stalin since the 4th Congress of the RSDLP. They met there in 1906.

In 1907, my father was arrested, Stalin was also arrested. Father spent 3 years in prison, 6 years in emigration (in China, Japan, Australia, New Zealand.)
Father and Stalin met again at the 6th Party Congress in 1917 and have been in constant communication ever since. They were together in Tsaritsyn, where Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva arrived already as Stalin's wife.
Before the X Congress, my father was in the Central Committee of the Party and was very friendly with Joseph Vissarionovich. Stalin's son and I were born almost simultaneously in the same maternity hospital. And his father once said to Stalin: "Anything can happen. Look after mine."
On July 24, 1921, my father was killed. On July 27, a meeting of the Politburo was held, which was attended by all five of its members. Item 18 of the agenda was written: "On providing for the family of Comrade Artyom."
On July 27, 1921, at a meeting of the Politburo, among other issues, the implementation of the 18th paragraph "On the provision of Artyom's family. Executor - Stalin" was considered.
The mother was very sick. And they took me to Stalin's family.

Map of the Donetsk-Kryvyi Rih Republic, which was led by the professional revolutionary and Bolshevik Sergeev. By the way, this republic is a kind of historical precedent, and if Ukraine is trying to build its historical genesis from the UPR, then modern Novorossia has grown, among other things, from the ideas of local autonomy based on references to a really existing republic in Donbass.

Orphanage

- How did you end up in an orphanage for the children of government members?

In March 1918, the Soviet government moved from Petrograd to Moscow. At first, people were settled in the National and Metropol hotels, then they began to equip the Kremlin. The leaders of the state worked, regardless of the time, there was no time left for the family. And it was decided to organize an orphanage for their children. It was created in the 23rd year. Its co-directors were Nadezhda Sergeevna Alliluyeva and my mother.

- Where was he?

On Malaya Nikitskaya, house 6. This is the house where Maxim Gorky later lived. There were 25 children of the leaders of the party and state and 25 street children, pulled straight from the street boilers. They were specially placed together so as not to raise the children's elite. It made no difference who your parents were. But on Sundays, if you were going home, you had to invite a child who had no parents and no home.

Labor education was the main thing in the orphanage. We were sweeping. They brought dishes. The most honorable thing was to be on duty and carry food. They tried to wash the dishes - they beat me. Everyone grabbed plates from each other, the dishes flew to the floor.
Vasily and I ended up in an orphanage when we were two and a half years old. The first time my mother brought me there by the handle, and the second time with my pot. This meant that I stay there.
When Mikhail Vasilyevich Frunze and his wife died, their children Tanya and Tima were also brought to our orphanage. We lived there from the fall of 1923 to the spring of 1927. When Lenin died, we went to say goodbye to him in the entire orphanage. It was bitter cold. We froze our cheeks, and then they smeared them with goose fat. Before the construction of the mausoleum, a wooden crypt was erected, the entrance to which was from the side of the Spasskaya Tower.
Nadezhda Sergeevna and my mother constantly corresponded. For example, if Nadezhda Sergeevna left with Stalin to the south, she wrote to my mother: grapes here cost so much, and pears - so much.

Apartments

- Where did Stalin's family live?

In the Kremlin. For all the time, Stalin had three apartments in the Kremlin. At first it was very small on Kommunisticheskaya Street, building 2. From the Trinity Gate, this is a two-story house to the right. Stalin lived there with his family until 1931.
The apartment was so small that even Yasha (a son from Stalin's first marriage. - Author's note) did not have a room of his own. The place where his couch stood was hung with a sheet.

- And what room did Vasily have?

It depends on which apartment. In the Amusement Palace, where Stalin moved with his family in 1931, he had a very small, vaulted room with hooks screwed into the ceiling, on which were hanging rings and trapezoids. When we moved to another house, Vasily also had a small room there, a table, a narrow bed, a sofa on which I slept.

- Were you like stepbrothers?

We could not live without each other. Until 1931, my mother and I lived in the "National" (then - in a house on the Naberezhnaya. - Author's note), and Vasily did not go home from school, but to us. It was a double judgment. Vasily had Stalin's house and my mother's house. I have my mother's house and Stalin's house. After the death of his wife Nadezhda Sergeevna in 1933, Stalin moved to the Senate Corps. The last apartment became his workplace. From the room where the sofa and bed stood, the door opened directly into the conference room. He lived in the service. The house was state-owned. He no longer had a family hearth.
Stalin always worked. If you can get to work, he taught, you will never say that you are tired. The most encouraged is work. Even when he went to Matsesta in the summer for treatment, he worked there day and night. He had severe rheumatism, joints ached. In order not to waste time on a trip to the waters, Stalin made a pool at his dacha, and the healing water was brought there for him. He was treated without leaving his home.

- What was Stalin's wife like in life?

Stalin was a very interesting person at home. He was affectionate. His wife was much stricter. She loved order in the house, so that the daily routine was observed. And under Stalin there was freedom. When he came, he paid attention to us for at least five minutes, and it was interesting with him. Until now, I consider Stalin's wife the most beautiful, most elegant woman. But she was not photogenic. She dressed simply: a white jacket, a navy blue skirt, a blue jacket. Black pumps. No decorations. No perfumery. There was no large closet in her room. Her room was small. It seems that she had two suits: for the exit and the one in which she wore at home.

- How did the tragedy happen?

Stalin's wife shot herself. I was 11 years old when she died. She had wild headaches. On November 7, she brought Vasily and me to the parade. About twenty minutes later she left - could not stand it. She, apparently, had an abnormal fusion of the bones of the cranial vault, and in such cases, suicide is not uncommon. The tragedy took place the next day, November 8. After the parade, Vasya and I wanted to go out of town. Stalin and his wife were visiting Voroshilov. She left the guests early and headed home. Molotov's wife accompanied her. They made two circles around the Kremlin, and Nadezhda Sergeevna went to her room. She had a tiny bedroom. She came and lay down. Stalin came later. I lay down on the sofa. In the morning Nadezhda Sergeevna did not get up for a long time. We went to wake up and saw her dead. Vasily and I were in Sokolovka when she died. They called us and told us to come to Moscow, and Svetlana stayed at the dacha.
The coffin with the body was in one of the premises of GUM. Stalin sobbed. Vasily hung on his neck and repeated: "Daddy, don't cry." When the coffin was carried out, Stalin went for the hearse, which headed towards the Novodevichy Convent. At the cemetery we were told to take the earth in our hands and throw it on the coffin. We did just that.

- What was the relationship between Stalin and his wife?

Judging by the stories of my mother, he was madly in love with her. She's his too. She married him when she was not even 17 years old. They said that Stalin raped her on the train. Nonsense! Father and mother lived with them in the same carriage, and she went already as Stalin's wife.

- Did Stalin communicate with his father-in-law later?

Sergei Yakovlevich Alliluyev has lived in a dacha in Zubalovo since the 1930s. Stalin visited him. The death of Nadezhda Sergeevna brought them closer together. Sergei Yakovlevich and I corresponded. The last letter came from him in the spring of 1945. "When Nadezhda Sergeevna's brother died, my mother and I were at the funeral, and Sergei Yakovlevich told my mother:" Liza, Pavlusha interfered with someone. "

Cottages

Stalin's first country residence was located on Rublevo-Uspenskoe highway, 14 kilometers from Moscow. In the past, it was the dacha of the oil industrialist Zubalov.
At the dacha in Zubalovo there was a commandant and service personnel. Food for everyone was prepared the same way.
Stalin was taken by the driver Nikolai Ivanovich Soloviev. He was Brusilov's regular chauffeur on the Southwestern Front. In the 1920s, Stalin had a driver, Udalov, but he grew old and became the head of a garage.
The dacha was a two-story house. Stalin's study and bedroom are on the second floor. On the first floor, to the right of the entrance - Svetlana's room, then the dining room, another room and a veranda. Vasily did not have a permanent room. There was a piano in one of the rooms. Stalin came here on Sunday morning. Saturday was a working day. At the dacha there were ducks, chickens, guinea fowls, an apiary. The dog was given to Stalin by Papanin. This dog named Merry was with him on the ice.

- And Stalin himself was engaged in physical work?

Yes. I dug, planted, probably to distract myself, not to get stupid from the papers. Played small towns, skittles. And so all the time - papers, papers ...

- Did you read a lot?

So many. His library was kept in the Kremlin. I made notes in the books with a pencil. Contrary to popular belief, he greatly appreciated Bulgakov: "This writer boldly showed that heroes were not only on the side of the Red Army. Heroes are those who love their homeland more than life. And such, unfortunately, fought not only on our side."

- Did Stalin like to receive guests?

The companies were businesslike. Have a snack - and get to work.

- Why did Stalin always dress like a military man?

This has become a habit since the pre-war era. At home he wore canvas trousers and a linen jacket. Once I saw a new overcoat at home and flared up: "I would have walked that year ..."
Abram Isaevich Legner, a tailor, an NKVD colonel, kept a spare set of clothes for Stalin in his workshop: "The Master does not have a second set. What if he catches on a nail?"
When it was necessary to bury him, it turned out that there was not even an extra pair of underwear. And according to Orthodox traditions, it is not allowed to bury in a darned one. They made him linen specially for the funeral.

Kuntsevo and Volynskoe

In the early 1930s, a "near" dacha was built in Kuntsevo. In essence, this was his main working residence - from there Stalin led the state. In 1934, Stalin moved to Volynskoe, in a two-story green brick house. His office was on the second floor. In the kitchen, there was a tiled stove with a stove bench on which he liked to relax. The dining room is downstairs, at the same time it served as a meeting room. Zhdanov played the red piano. There were no guards at the gate, and the gate to the forest was not locked. Stalin played records on the gramophone. Once the conversation turned to music, and Stalin asked who is better: Leshchenko or Vertinsky? We said: Leshchenko. Stalin said that there were still people like Leshchenko, but Vertinsky was alone. When he was in a bad mood, he put on a disc with the song "On the Hills of Manchuria" with the old words:

The crosses of distant beautiful heroes turn white,
And shadows of the past swirl around
They tell us about vain sacrifices.

He always had order on his desk, high-quality stationery, well-sharpened pencils. While working, Stalin drank Borjomi, smoked a pipe, breaking the Herzegovina Flor cigarettes and without looking, put tobacco in the pipe. There was a carpet on the floor, but they walked along a narrow linen path that lay on top of the carpet.

- Did you give Stalin gifts?

He did not like gifts. And they knew it.

- How did Stalin die?

In the country. Doctors were not allowed for a long time, but he was alive, but unconscious. They were admitted when it was all over. After death, neither Svetlana nor Vasily could be there.

Children of the leader

- Did Stalin communicate with the first family?

His first wife died when their son was only 7 months old.

- Did Yakov live with Stalin?

Not always. At the age of 14, he came to Moscow. Then he studied at the institute in Leningrad, got married. Stalin made him an apartment when his daughter Galya was born. She is a philologist, she works. She is 68 years old. She has a son.

- And what was Yakov Dzhugashvili like?

Yasha was a wonderful, gentle person. We were friends with him and dreamed of serving together. He studied at the academy and wanted to be the battalion commander, and I - the battery commander in his battalion. He had no military experience, and I served in the army for three years before the war. We saw each other for the last time on June 1. We spent the day together. On June 18 - three days before the war - we arrived from serious shooting ranges. They told me not to go anywhere. On the morning of June 22, everything became clear ... On June 25, our echelons had already gone.

- How do you remember Stalin's daughter Svetlana?

She was very modest, hardworking, did not tolerate privileges.

- They said that Vasily had a gorgeous dacha.

He did not have his own dacha - there was a government one near the Gorki-2 state farm. His children did not get it.

- How was Stalin's family punished?

The biggest punishment is Stalin's discontent.

- Did Stalin's children understand the situation in the country?

They knew that life goes on in struggle. We were ready for this fight. It is no coincidence that many leaders of the state have children who became soldiers and gave their lives for their homeland. Frunze's son died at the age of 18, and Mikoyan's son too.

- Did you communicate with Stalin's children during the war?

With Vasily.

Life after death

- Who was Vasily in the war?

A combat pilot, the most courageous fighter. But Vasily was told: "You still have a surname, which you must also defend."
He was an inspector pilot who determined the level of training of the combat personnel, the commander of the 34th Guards Regiment, in my opinion. He took up this position on January 1, 1943, since the regiment commander Ivan Kleschev died - he was killed because of the actress Zoya Fedorova.

- How?

He was 22 years old. Fell in love with an actress. She wanted to celebrate the New Year with him, and he said about his own: "I can not fly. There is no weather." She teased him: "What kind of hero are you?" (and he was a Hero of the Soviet Union). And he flew. But he could not land normally. And Ivan Kleschev died. So Vasily told me.

- How did Vasily end up in prison?

He was 32 years old before his arrest. At that time, he was already drinking great. Once we were sitting with him, and he pours.
- Vasya, that's enough! - I said.
He raised the pistol and answered:
- And what's enough? I live as long as my father lives. Father will close his eyes, the next day Beria will tear me apart, and Khrushchev and Malenkov will help him. Do you think it's easy to live under an ax? And if I drink - everything is on the side.
He knew a lot about them. And his instinct did not disappoint. The father died in March, and in April he was arrested. He was convicted on two counts. 58th - "Anti-Soviet agitation": spoke badly about Beria, Khrushchev. They were also tried under Article 193 for abuse of office, financial violations. What was the abuse? He made an arena and a stable out of unused hangars at the central Moscow airfield. Created an equestrian sports team, which became an allied team. He built the first and only Olympic pool in the country. They said it was for their wife. But she was the champion of the country in swimming! He was sentenced to 8 years and served from call to call. Having released him, he was immediately exiled to Kazan. In Kazan, they settled on the 5th floor in a building without an elevator. And his legs were sore. In general, his whole life is a continuous tragedy. Vasily loved animals from childhood. Once I came to his dacha, he sits - next to a formidable dog. Vasily strokes him and says: "He will not deceive, he will not change."

-Who's his wives?

On December 15, 1940, he calls: "I will marry Gala Bourdonskaya." With Galya they had two children. Sasha was born on October 14, 1941, now People's Artist of Russia, director of the Theater of the Russian Army. In 1943, their daughter Nadia was born.
He broke up with Galina. The second wife, Ekaterina Semyonovna, daughter of Marshal Timoshenko, was a woman of royal beauty. They had two children, Vasya and Svetlana. Vasya died at the age of 23. Svetlana at 42.
The last wife was a very strong-willed woman, USSR champion in swimming, Kapitolina Georgievna Vasilyeva. She held him back as best she could. Ekaterina Timoshenko was cool about his children from her first marriage. But Kapitolina Georgievna caressed them. He was sent to prison when the children were young. The eldest, Sasha, was born in October 1941, and Vasily was imprisoned in April 1953. They saw him only in 1961.

- Why did Vasily not change his surname after the death of his father?

Sveta changed her name after Stalin's death, but Vasily did not approve of her. Although he was forced to do so. In Kazan, he was given a passport with a different surname. He took it as an insult.
They buried him in Kazan. They were reburied in 2004 at the Troekurovsky cemetery in Moscow under the real name of their father - Dzhugashvili.

- How was your life?

Lieutenant Sergeev before the war.

I was the commander of a partisan detachment, was captured by the Germans, miraculously survived. Then he fought at the front, ended the war for Prague. Sciatica reminds of those years. Once upon a time I lay in cold water for a long time. You couldn't even move the reeds. I had two wives, three beautiful children from my first marriage. The second wife, Elena Yurievna, died in January last year. It was a disaster for me. With her, the house was light and comfortable. And I dedicated the book "Conversations about Stalin" to her memory.

But I recommend reading this book http://www.e-reading.link/bookreader.php/1019538/Sergeev_-_Kak_zhil,_rabotal_i_vospityval_detey_I._V._Stalin.html (you can also find these and other photographs of Stalin and his family there)

In general, Stalin fulfilled the request of Artem Sergeev and raised a worthy person and citizen, whose fate was more successful than that of Stalin's own children. In this regard, the history of Stalin's family has always amazed with its tragedy. Having built the first socialist superpower that shook the domination of capital and received almost absolute power after 1937, Stalin's personal life did not work out against this background, being marked by a series of tragedies that naturally could not but leave their mark on Stalin.

Well, well, today is celebrated both the birthday of Joseph Stalin and the birthday of Konstantin Rokossovsky. Happy holiday to all comrades!

On December 21, the communists laid flowers at the graves of J.V. Stalin and F.E. Dzerzhinsky at the Kremlin wall. At the end of the ceremony, Deputy Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation Vladimir Kashin addressed the journalists

“We are gathered here to honor the memory of the great fighters who gave their lives for Soviet power, for the Soviet Union,” said Vladimir Kashin. - Today is the birthday of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. He is an outstanding world-class political and statesman. Everything is connected with Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. Yesterday we celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Cheka. Lenin signed the decision on its creation at a meeting in December 1917. JV Stalin was also present.

Related materials

“These unique leaders of the revolution,” Vladimir Kashin continued, “performed an unparalleled feat that shines brightly for all of us today. This is especially noticeable in the year of the 100th anniversary of the Great October Revolution. You can see how many flowers were laid at the grave of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin today. The industrialization of our state is associated with his name. Over eighteen years after the civil war, the devastation was eliminated. And we met fascist hordes with good weapons, with a well-trained army. Yes, the first months of the war were unsuccessful because there was a treacherous attack and the German army was very powerful. But then we fought to the death. And again the role of the outstanding creator J.V. Stalin, his talent manifested itself in full. The banner of Victory over the Reichstag, the creation of the UN, the signing of the Warsaw Pact, the establishment of socialism in many countries of the world - these great achievements are also associated with the names of Lenin and Stalin. "

“Today we are proud of the great Soviet Union,” stressed Vladimir Kashin. - After the war, the destroyed economy was quickly restored. Then we made a leap that the capitalist world never dreamed of. It happened in all directions: in the industry, and in the atomic project, and in the virgin lands. We managed to implement Stalin's plan for transforming nature when millions of trees were planted, especially in dry steppe zones. Even today they are carriers of fertility and large harvests ”.

“If you look at our village, it has developed at a powerful pace. Both life and income in the countryside were close to the income of the economy as a whole. And only betrayal, only hatred of the international capitalist clan stopped this tread, ”said the deputy chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation.

“The Communist Party today is the heir to the great ideas of socialism, the ideas of Lenin and Stalin,” stressed Vladimir Kashin. “And we are proud to be their followers. The Communists are doing everything to raise Russia from its knees, to revive production, industry and agriculture. Secure our borders, revive the army, put an end to corruption, with a cynical attitude towards our people. "

“Once again, we want to bow to the great people of the planet, the founders of our state, and say that the absolute majority of the people remember these accomplishments and will never forget them,” Vladimir Kashin said in conclusion.

The ceremony was attended by Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation N. N. Ivanov, Deputy Chairman of the Central Committee of the Communist Party D.G. Novikov, member of the Presidium of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation V.F. Rashkin, secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation P.S. Dorokhin, head of the apparatus of the Communist Party faction in the State Duma N.A. Ostanina, head of the press service of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation A.A. Yushchenko, communists, Komsomol members, party supporters.

December 21 is known to many as Stalin's birthday. According to official Soviet data, he was born on December 9/21, 1879. This day is celebrated by all Stalinists in Russia and the world. Red carnations are laid at the grave of the Soviet leader, and sites sympathetic to the Soviet leader post materials in his honor.

However, most Stalinists do not even suspect that Stalin was born on the wrong day or even this year. Stalin's real birthday is December 6/18, 1878. That is, the 135th anniversary of the Soviet leader has just passed. But the Stalinists did not celebrate it. They marked the wrong date.

The date of December 6/18, 1878 is the date of birth indicated in the official metric record of the baptism of Joseph Dzhugashvili (see below an extract from the metric book with the stamp of Stalin's archive).
Is there some mistake here? No. There is no mistake here. In Stalin's archives there is even a photocopy of a page of the register itself with a record of Stalin's baptism. And even people unfamiliar with the Georgian language can see that under the name Joseph is indicated the date of birth - the 6th.

The register of births is not the only evidence of Stalin's real birthday.
It is important to note that Joseph Dzhugashvili, during his studies at both the Gori Theological School and the Tiflis Theological Seminary, was listed as born on December 6/18, 1878. No discrepancies were observed here. And there are several documents at once confirming this. Many certificates indicated the only correct date of birth of Joseph Dzhugashvili - December 6/18, 1878.

Here we will give one of such supporting documents. This is a certificate of completion of four classes of Joseph Dzhugashvili's seminary (see below). The testimony clearly reads "born on the sixth day of December in the month one thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight."

Why was the date of birth changed by Stalin afterwards? There are two versions of the new date.

1. The new date was indicated in the falsified passport of citizen Ivanovich, according to which Stalin traveled to London for the congress of the RSDLP. The convention was held at the Brotherhood Church on South Road. Together with members of the RSDLP, members of the Bund and socialists from separatist Polish groups also took part in it. After attending the London convention, Stalin decided to keep this falsified birth date in order to clandestinely fight and obfuscate the police.

2. The new date of birth of Stalin is in fact the date of the beginning of the December 1905 armed uprising in Moscow. Stalin decided to keep it as a symbolic date of the birth of the revolution.

Thus, everything in the worship of Stalin is distorted and confused. You can't believe anything. And even Stalin's birthday is distorted. And the Stalinists are actually celebrating the beginning of the December armed uprising of 1905.

In the coming years, we should observe a process of some rethinking of this fact among the Stalinists. It is possible that they will continue the annual celebration of the December armed insurrection in Moscow in lieu of Stalin's birthday. Then this will lead to the discrediting of Stalin himself and themselves. How can you celebrate a fake birthday? And is it possible to celebrate the day of the beginning of an armed rebellion against the legitimate government instead of a real birthday?

Another way out is also possible. Maybe they will change the date of the celebration of the birthday of their leader. But then you have to explain why this happened. We'll have to explain why Stalin changed his date of birth and lied to the whole country.

We cannot now predict which path the Stalinists will take. However, one thing is clear. This is another evidence of the untruth of the enemy of God Stalin and the Stalinists themselves.

18

Russian Tsar Joseph Stalin

chervonec_001: Interesting facts about Stalin:

Joseph Vissarionovich studied together with one of the great occultists of his time - Gurdjieff, who said that with such a horoscope he would never become a leader. And Stalin changed his date of birth from 18 to 21 December.

The first official place of work of the twenty-year-old Stalin was the Tiflis Observatory, in which he was responsible for recording the amount of precipitation and atmospheric pressure.

He hated sex scenes in movies - it infuriated him.

He loved to sing Russian folk songs during feasts.

He hated atheistic literature, called it “anti-religious waste paper”.

He spoke Georgian, Russian, Ancient Greek, and also knew Church Slavonic well since the seminary. According to some researchers, he knew English and German, the notes he left in the books were in Hungarian and French.

He understood Armenian and Ossetian languages. Trotsky asserted in an interview that "Stalin knows neither foreign languages, nor foreign life."

He wrote documents, letters, and other papers extremely competently, which was noted by many witnesses.

Due to a childhood injury to his hand, he was declared unfit for military service in 1916.

I drank only Tsinandali and Teliani wines. Sometimes he drank brandy, did not drink vodka at all.

Stalin was very fond of joking in everyday life. He loved to draw.

Most of the recreation parks in the USSR were built at the initiative of Stalin.

He did not support Lenin's famous April Theses (in particular, his idea of ​​transforming the bourgeois-democratic revolution into a socialist revolution), but rather quickly changed his mind and supported Ilyich on the issues of land, war and the socialist revolution.

It was Stalin who was authorized to negotiate the surrender of the famous Kshesinskaya mansion, as well as negotiations with the soldiers and sailors of the Peter and Paul Fortress.

According to the testimony of the security officers, Stalin never took a bath - he washed in the shower, sitting in the bath on a special hanging bench.

During the first 10 years of his tenure at the top of the party, Stalin asked for resignation three times.

In 1941, the Germans captured Stalin's eldest son, Yakov. They firmly believed that they would be able to exchange the son of the USSR leader for the German field marshal Friedrich Paulus. Stalin refused to negotiate with them.

At the 1945 Victory Parade, the wounded dog-mine detector Dzhulbars, on Stalin's orders, was carried across Red Square in his greatcoat.

During the war, Vasily Stalin was nominated for the rank of general 12 times, but Stalin canceled the performance each time.

The list of gifts presented to him on his 70th birthday was published in newspapers from December 1949 to March 1953.

He was twice recognized by the American Times magazine as the person of the year. For the first time on January 1, 1940, for the fact that he "concluded a non-aggression pact with Hitler and started the Soviet-Finnish war, as a result of which he changed the balance of power in the world political arena." In January 1943, he was named “Person of the Year” by the same magazine again.

On the day of Stalin's death, national mourning was declared in Israel.

Before the start of industrialization, the technical level of our country was 4 times lower than the level of England, 5 times lower than Germany, 10 times lower than the United States.

During the years of the first (1929–1932) and second (1933–1937) five-year plans, many new industries arose, ferrous and non-ferrous metallurgy, chemistry, power engineering, and mechanical engineering made great strides.

The gross output of the entire industry of the USSR in 1937 increased almost 4 times compared to 1929, and if we compare 1913 and the year before the war, then in mechanical engineering and metalworking, gross output increased 35 times.

During the years of the pre-war five-year plans, about 9 thousand large industrial enterprises were built, a new powerful industrial base was created in the east of the country, which was so useful to us during the Great Patriotic War.

On the whole, the USSR took first place in Europe and second in the world in terms of industrial production and technical equipment of newly built enterprises.

P.S.
By the way, Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev also had a birthday on the 19th. I believe that a person also deserves Respect.

Reverse examples of the country's leaders - Gorbachev, Yeltsin, Khrushchev

Sources -

I congratulate all Soviet people on the birthday of Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (Dzhugashvili), the man who ruled our country during the years of its greatest rise and prosperity!

There were years, years of fighting
Homeland blazed with fire,
We went on hot hikes
Follow your teacher - the leader!
Comrade Stalin led us into battle,
First Marshal - Voroshimov Klim
And we drove the enemies far away
To the border of Stalin's land.

In my country, free and beautiful
We breathe freely, we live happily,
And popular love and gratitude
We carry it to our native Stalin ...

Our peaceful labor in the fields and factories
We give to the fatherland dear
War destroyed cities and villages
Our working people have raised up again.

Let the enemies threaten with a cold war -
Dear friendship, our people go
In foreign lands, ordinary people know -
The great Stalin calls everyone to peace.

Fly banners over the world
After all, with us, comrades,
Whose name is in the hearts of millions
How the best song lives.

Everyone in the world is stronger and freer,
Happy Soviet people.
Your fiery voice tonight
For Stalin, he serves!

If Stalin was dear
I would have met in my life
I would to Stalin dear,
To our friend he said:

Dear Comrade Stalin,
Great leader of October,
It was you who gave me happiness,
They brought me to the people!

Never native country
I didn't love so hard
Never am I fighting
The service did not pass like that.

Never songs like this
I did not sing on hikes,
Never more wonderful
I did not meet the commanders.

Never seen in my life
I am such happy faces
Not a coast of such a homeland.
I did not guard such boundaries.

You gave protection to the country,
Strengthened the borders.
Dear Comrade Stalin,
Allow me to report:

If only given
The word of the army is to say
We have something to fight for
There is someone to protect!

That's what Stalin's dear,
I told our friend
If Stalin was dear
I would have met in my life.

If they meet with us at home
A few old friends
All that is dear to us is remembered
The song sounds more fun.

Well, comrades, let's break the table
Above are glasses of wine
Let's drink to our free homeland,
Let's drink and pour again.

Let's drink to the seething Russian prowess,
For the heroic people!
Let's drink to our mighty army,
Let's drink to the valiant fleet!

Let's get up, comrades, let's drink to the guard,
There is no equal to her in courage.
Our toast to Stalin! Our toast to the Party!
Our toast for the banner of victories!

The unbreakable union of the free republics
Great Russia united forever.
Long live created by the will of the peoples
United, mighty Soviet Union!

Friendship, peoples are a reliable stronghold!

Let it lead from victory to victory!

Through the thunderstorms the sun of freedom shone for us,
And Lenin illuminated the great path for us.
We were raised by Stalin - to be loyal to the people
He inspired us to work and deeds.

Hail, our free Fatherland,
The happiness of peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, national banner

We raised our army in battles,
We'll sweep the dastardly invaders off the road!
In battles we decide the fate of generations,
We will lead our Fatherland to glory!

Hail, our free Fatherland,
The glory of the peoples is a reliable stronghold!
Soviet banner, national banner
Let it lead from victory to victory!

Long live Stalin,
Long live the one
Who leads us from victory to victory!
Lead us by his majestic law,
Lead to our eleven sides!

Great deeds for all ages
Stalin glorified our native people.
Lenin's banner flies over the world,
Calls to the path of struggle and exploits.

The sun is open for us,
The lights of victory over the country are burning
Comrade Stalin lives to our delight -
Our wise leader, dear teacher.

In the fire of labor and in the flames of battles
Stalin tempered the hearts of the heroes.
Like a ray of light, his mighty genius
He illuminated the road for us to communism.

We build happiness with an unyielding will,
The road to us is indicated by the Leader;
Raising high red banners,
We are going to communism for Stalin.

In the lucky republics of our country
The peoples are full of joy and happiness;
They speak in different dialects,
But everywhere the same thoughts burn:

The country is you!
The country is me!
In battle and in work, we are friends with you.
Worthy of the glory of great victories,
I elect you to the Supreme Council!

My Stalin is a beloved teacher and friend,
Millions of hands are outstretched to you
You are the first of the first in labor and struggle,
We bring all the best feelings to you!

You are a fearless fighter of the Red Army,
And you always keep the lead ready
You guard my happiness as a brother,
You are my best and loyal deputy!

If tomorrow is war, if the enemy attacks,
If the dark force comes,
As one person, the entire Soviet people
It will stand up for a free homeland.

On earth, in heaven and at sea
Our tune is both powerful and harsh:
If tomorrow is a war
If the hike is tomorrow,
Get ready for a hike today!

If tomorrow is war, the country will stir
From Kronstadt to Vladivostovka.
The country will sway, great and strong,
And we will crush the enemy cruelly.

The plane will fly, the machine gun will shoot,
Mighty tanks will rumble,
And the battleships will go, and the infantry will go,
And dashing carts will rush.

We do not want war, but we will defend ourselves,
It is not for nothing that we strengthen the defense,
And on the enemy's land we will defeat the enemy
With little blood, a mighty blow!

In the whole world, nowhere else is there such a strength,
To crush our country,
Stalin is with us, and with an iron hand
Voroshilov leads us to victory!

Get up people, get ready for the hike!
Drums, drum harder!
Musicians, go ahead! Singers, go ahead!
Throw our victory song!

Sing a ringing song
Sing along more fun.
For my dear side,
About his mighty strength.

Let's smash with a stern hand,
We will defeat all fascists in battle.
We are at the call of dear Stalin
We go into battle for our homeland.

Where the mountain eagle flies

The people compose a wonderful song.

This song flies faster than a bird
And the world of oppressors trembles viciously
She will not be held by posts and borders
It will not be held by anybody's lines.

She is not afraid of whips or bullets
This song sounds on the fire of the barricades
The rickshaw and coolies are singing this song
A Chinese soldier is singing this song.

And raising a song about him like a banner
The ranks of the united front are marching;
Are burning, a formidable flame flares up,
The nations rise up for the last struggle.

And we sing this song with pride
And we glorify the greatness of the Stalin years,
We sing about life, beautiful, happy,
About the joy of our great victories!

Edge to edge, mountain tops
Where the planes conduct their conversation,
About Stalin wise, dear and beloved
the peoples sing a beautiful song.

Accept, Great Stalin, our Father,
Love to the homeland of loyal hearts,
Accept the bow of your people
On your happy birthday!

We all sing the praises of your deeds
Live our Leader, live for our joy!

You lit up our century with a clear light,
You are the closest person to all of us,
With you we have passed a glorious, difficult path,
Fighting for the honor of their native land.

You lead us dear Leninist,
You are calling us all to new exploits,
We entered the sunny life with you,
Struggling for peace and building communism!

The armor is strong, and our tanks are fast,
And our people are full of courage:
Soviet tank crews are in the ranks -
Sons of their great homeland.

Rattling with fire, sparkling with the glitter of steel
The cars will go on a furious hike,
When Comrade Stalin sends us into battle
And Voroshilov will lead us into battle!

Factories labor and labor of collective farm arable lands
We will protect, keeping our country,
Shock force of gun turrets
And the speed, and the onslaught of fire.

Let the enemy, hiding in ambush, remember
We are on the alert, we are watching the enemy.
We don’t want an inch of someone else’s land,
But we won't give up our top either.

And if a hardened enemy climbs up to us,
He will be beaten everywhere and everywhere!
Then the drivers will press the starters
And through the forests, along the hills, along the water.

The love for our native land is burning in our hearts,
We are going into mortal battle for the honor of our native country.
Smoke-engulfed cities are ablaze.
The stern god of war thunders in the dense forests.

Gunners! Stalin gave the order!
The artillerymen, the Fatherland is calling us.
Out of many thousands of batteries
For the tears of our mothers
For our Motherland - Fire! Fire!

Find out your own mother, find out your wife is a friend,
Get to know a distant home and my whole family,
That our steel blizzard still beats the enemy,
What will we carry to our native land!

The whitewashed hour will strike, the end of the campaign will come.
But before leaving for the homes of your relatives,
In honor of our Leader, in honor of our people,
We will give a joyful fireworks at midnight.

Many stars are shining in the sky
And one crystal;
Many thoughts in mind
At home with Stalin.

Spring garden blooms
Our glorious land;
Beloved Stalin spoke
It's about happiness from the Kremlin.

Through the rivers, across the distance,
On a quiet golden evening
Dear Comrade Stalin,
I heard your voice.

Songs flow like streams
There are cheerful words in the songs.
The constitution gives
We all have great rights.

We should see Stalin
We should talk to him,
Tell me how on a collective farm
It became fun for us to live.

Oh my gardens, gardens,
Blossom all around in the spring.
Oh, we are happy on the collective farm
and we live well.

Oh my gardens are blooming,
Songs are pouring over the village.
Dear Comrade Stalin,
We thank you helmet.

Let the sun shine brighter
Let the gardens, fields bloom,
To make it even more beautiful
Our glorious land.

My dear country is wide,
There are many forests, fields and rivers in it!
I don't know any other country like that,
Where man breathes so freely.

At the table, no one is superfluous,
According to merit, everyone is awarded,
We write in gold letters
The nationwide Stalinist law.

Morning paints with a gentle light
The walls of the ancient Kremlin,
Wakes up at dawn
All Soviet land.

The chill runs out of the gate
The noise in the streets is louder.
Good morning sweet city
Heart of my Motherland!

Seething, mighty,
Invincible by anyone
My country, my Moscow,
You are the most beloved!

May sun, brighter
Light up the blue sky.
To the tower of the Mausoleum
To convey our joy.

To shine brighter
Our slogans of victories
For Stalin to raise his hand,
Sending us hello.

We grow, we sing, we play
We live in a happy time
With a friendly song we open
Our joyful pioneer home.

You trams are ringing quieter
By the river, on the Boulevard Ring
For beloved Stalin to hear
Our song in the Kremlin Palace.

On a green oak,
Yes, over that space
Two clear falcons
Conversations.

And these falcons
People all learned:
The first falcon is Lenin,
The second falcon is Stalin.
And they flew around
Falcon flock ...

Oh like the first falcon
I said goodbye to the second
He's with his dying word
I turned to a friend.

You are my gray falcon,
The hour has come to part
All the work, worries
They lay down on you.

And the other answered:
Forget worries
We swear to you -
Let's not turn off the road!

And he kept his oath,
Battle oath.
He made happy
The whole native country!

In the vastness of the wonderful homeland,
Tempered in battles and labor,
We made a joyful song
about the great Friend and Leader.

The sunniest and brightest edge
The whole Soviet land became.
Stalin's bountiful harvest.
Collective farm fields are expanding.

We've been given sparkling wings
Great courage has been given to us.
Songs of love and abundance
The Soviet Country is famous.

Stalin is our military glory!
Stalin - flight of our youth!
With songs, fighting and conquering
Our people follow Stalin!