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Leonardo Da Vinci: a brilliant personality Completed by: Yulia Sabitova, a student of the 11th grade of the MKOU Secondary School in the village of Kobra Supervisor: Rychkova Ekaterina Anatolyevna
Leonardo Da Vinci (1452-1519) In the history of mankind, it is not easy to find another person as brilliant as the founder of the art of the High Renaissance, Leonardo Da Vinci. The all-encompassing nature of the activities of this great artist and scientist became clear only when scattered manuscripts from his legacy were examined. Colossal literature has been devoted to Leonardo, his life has been studied in detail. And, nevertheless, much in his work remains mysterious and continues to excite the minds of people.
Leonardo Da Vinci was born in the village of A nchiano near Vinci, near Florence. He was the illegitimate son of a wealthy notary and a simple peasant woman. House where Leonardo was born
Noticing the boy's extraordinary abilities in painting, his father sent him to the studio of Andrea Verrocchio. In the teacher's painting "The Baptism of Christ" the figure of a spiritualized blond angel belongs to the brush of the young Leonardo Andrea Verrocchio and Leonardo Da Vinci "The Baptism of Christ" by Andrea Verrocchio
Among his early works is the painting "Madonna with a Flower" (1472). In contrast to the masters of the 15th century. Leonardo refuses narration, the use of details that distract the viewer's attention, saturated with images of the background. The painting is perceived as a simple, artless scene of the joyful motherhood of young Mary "Madonna with a flower"
Around 1482 Leonardo entered the service of the Duke of Milan, Lodovico Moro. The master recommended himself first of all as a military engineer, architect, specialist in the field of hydraulic engineering works, and only then as a painter and sculptor. However, the first Milanese period of Leonardo's work (1482-1499) turned out to be the most fruitful. The master became the most famous artist in Italy, was engaged in architecture and sculpture, turned to frescoes and altar paintings
Not all grandiose plans, including architectural projects, Leonardo failed to implement. The equestrian statue of Francesco Sforza, father of Ludovico Moro, took more than ten years to complete, but it was never cast in bronze. A life-size clay model of the monument, installed in one of the courtyards of the ducal castle, was destroyed by the French troops who captured Milan. Francesco Sforza Ludovico Moro
In 1977 Charles Dent began renovating the sculpture. In September 1999, she was installed at the San Siro racetrack in Milan. Equestrian statue (San Siro, Milan) Leonardo's horse, sculpture sketch
Paintings by Leonardo of the Milanese period have survived to our time. The first altarpiece of the High Renaissance was "Madonna in the grotto" (1483-1494). The painter departed from the traditions of the 15th century, in whose religious paintings solemn restraint prevailed. There are few figures in the altarpiece by Leonardo: the feminine Mary, the Christ Child blessing little John the Baptist, and a kneeling angel, as if looking out of the picture. The images are perfectly beautiful, naturally connected with their environment. This semblance of a grotto among dark basalt rocks with a gap in the depths - a landscape typical of Leonardo as a whole, fantastically mysterious. The figures and faces are shrouded in an airy haze that gives them a special softness. The Italians called this technique Leonardo sfumato.
"Madonna and Child" In Milan, apparently, the master created the painting "Madonna and Child" ("Madonna Litta"). Here, in contrast to "Madonna with a Flower", he strove for greater generalization, ideality of the image. It is not a certain moment that is depicted, but a certain long-term state of peace, joy, in which a young beautiful woman is immersed. A cold clear light illuminates her thin, soft face with a half-downcast gaze and a light, barely perceptible smile. The picture was painted in tempera, which gives sonority to the tones of Mary's blue cloak and red dress. The Infant's fluffy dark golden curly hair is surprisingly written, his attentive gaze directed at the viewer is not childishly serious
When Milan was taken by French troops in 1499, Leonardo left the city. The time for his wanderings began. For some time he worked in Florence. There, Leonardo's work seemed to be illuminated by a bright flash: he painted a portrait of Mona Lisa, the wife of the wealthy Florentine Francesco di Giocondo (circa 1503). The portrait is known as "La Gioconda", it has become one of the most famous works of world painting. Mona Lisa (La Gioconda)
Self-portrait In the last years of his life, Leonardo Da Vinci did little work as an artist. Having received an invitation from the French king Francis I, he left in 1517 for France and became a court painter. Soon Leonardo died. In his self-portrait (1510-1515), the gray-bearded patriarch with a deep sorrowful look looked much older than his age.
Clos-Luce, place of death of Leonardo
The scale and uniqueness of Leonardo's talent can be judged by his drawings, which occupy one of the places of honor in the history of art. Not only manuscripts devoted to the exact sciences, but also works on art theory are inextricably linked with drawings by Leonardo Da Vinci, sketches, sketches, diagrams. Much space is given to the problems of chiaroscuro, volumetric modeling, linear and aerial perspective. Leonardo Da Vinci owns numerous discoveries, projects and experimental research in mathematics, mechanics and other natural sciences.
Leonardo Da Vinci's works on human anatomy Vitruvian man Description and sketches of the human embryo
Leonardo's Inventions Parachute Vehicle
Military vehicle drawing aircraft
Searchlight War drum
Flying Machine Drawing Crossbow
Monument to Leonardo in Amboise The art of Leonardo Da Vinci, his scientific and theoretical research, the uniqueness of his personality went through the entire history of world culture and science, had a huge impact on it.
Thank you for the attention!
"Vincent van Gogh" - Died at 1:30 am on July 29, 1890. Self-portrait of Vincent van Gogh. Vincent Willem van Gogh. Vincent, although he was the second born, became the eldest of the children ... On October 1, 1864, van Gogh went to a boarding school in Zevenbergen, 20 km from his home. Becoming as an artist. Childhood and youth. On September 15, 1866, Vincent began his studies at another boarding school - Willem II College in Tilburg.
"Paintings of Rembrandt" - "Prodigal Son" - the last picture of Rembrandt, his swan song. In the fall of 1669, the greatest of the masters of the Dutch school died quietly, unnoticed. Danae. Rembrandt Harmenszoon van Rijn (1606-1669). Everything modest, needy, forgotten by everyone is near and dear to him. Rembrandt is a poet of suffering and compassion.
"Leonardo da Vinci Biography" - Where did Leonardo get his first mastery lessons? What year was Leonardo da Vinci born? Which of the pictures on the next slide is called "Mona Lisa"? Madonna Benoit, Madonna Litta. What is one of Leonardo's paintings called by the name of the customer? When did Leonardo da Vinci die? At the table in the upper room, where the Teacher's meal with the disciples takes place, Christ sits ...
Michelangelo Buonarroti - Prophet Isaiah. Delphic sibyl. Vasari and his assistants sculpted a spectacular marble tombstone. In March 1505, Michelangelo was summoned to Rome by Pope Julius II. Church of St. Peter, Omsk. Prophet Jeremiah. The Fall and the Expulsion from Paradise. Separation of solid from water. The Renaissance period made a huge contribution to the world's artistic culture.
"Bartholomew Rastrelli" - Bartholomew Rastrelli. Francesco Borromini. Baroque architecture (continued). In frosty dawns I saw roses blush, Baroque architecture. And he grew palaces in the snow. Materials for the MHC lesson in grade 11.
"Leonardo da Vinci Mona Lisa" - In all this Leonardo shows his ability to create according to the laws of rhythm and harmony. Da Vinci had a special affection for this portrait. The very contrast between a gaze and a half-smile on the lips gives the concept of inconsistency. The external appearance and mental structure of a particular person is conveyed to them with unprecedented synthetics.
There are 21 presentations in total
Creation Leonardo da Vinci
MHK presentation
Teachers of OGKOOU "Sanatorium boarding school" Kokarevoy S.Yu.
Leonardo da Vinci
Italian painter, sculptor, architect, scientist, engineer.
He made numerous discoveries, conducted experimental research in the field of mathematics, natural sciences, mechanics.
Leonardo da Vinci. Self-portrait (c. 1510-1513). Library, Turin.
In the refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Leonardo creates the painting "The Last Supper" (1495-97; due to a risky experiment, which the master went to, using oil mixed with tempera for the fresco, the work came down to us in a very damaged form).
The clear stage logic of facial expressions and gestures, as well as the combination of strict rationality with an inexplicable mystery, made The Last Supper one of the most significant works in the history of world art.
In the most famous painting by Leonardo, the portrait of Mona Lisa (the so-called "La Gioconda", circa 1503, Louvre), the image of a wealthy city woman appears as a mysterious personification of nature as such, without losing a purely feminine slyness.
The inner significance of the composition is given by the cosmically majestic and at the same time alarmingly alienated landscape, melting into a cold haze.
Leonardo da Vinci. Mona Lisa. Louvre, Paris.
The humanistic ideal of female beauty is embodied in the portrait of Mona Lisa
("La Gioconda", about 1503).
Reddish paper pasted onto canvas; coal; whitewash.
The complex grouping of figures is typical of compositional searches in the early 16th century.
Leonardo da Vinci. "Saint Anna with Mary, the Christ Child and John the Baptist"
The most important source for studying the views of Leonardo da Vinci are his notebooks and manuscripts. The master did not leave a systematic presentation of his thoughts.
"Treatise on Painting", prepared after the death of Leonardo by his student
F. Melzi, who had a tremendous influence on the theory of art, consists of passages arbitrarily taken from the context of his notes.
Leonardo da Vinci (), Italian painter, sculptor, architect, scientist and engineer. The founder of the artistic culture of the High Renaissance, Leonardo da Vinci developed as a master, studying in Florence with Verrocchio. The methods of work in Verrocchio's workshop, where artistic practice was combined with technical experiments, as well as friendship with the astronomer P. Toscanelli, contributed to the emergence of the scientific interests of the young da Vinci.
Leonardo was born in 1452 and was the illegitimate son of a certain Sir Pierrot, a notary from a small town near the city of Vinci, and a simple peasant woman. Therefore, later, when the artist became famous, he began to call himself Leonardo da Vinci. Already from childhood, he showed an equal interest in mechanics, astronomy, mathematics, and other natural sciences, which did not prevent him from enthusiastically drawing and sculpting various figures. They say that even from a young age he sculpted several heads of laughing women, which were so expressive that plaster casts of them are still made from them for imitation. Already being a renowned artist, he did not abandon his studies in engineering, perpetuating his new ideas in drawing.
In his early works (the head of an angel in the Baptism of Christ by Verrocchio, after 1470, The Annunciation, circa 1474, both in the Uffizi; in the first independent work, Madonna Benoit, circa 1478, State Hermitage, St. Petersburg) the artist, developing traditions art of the Early Renaissance, emphasized the smooth volumetric forms of soft chiaroscuro, sometimes enlivened the faces with a barely perceptible smile, achieving with its help the transmission of subtle states of mind.
Once Leonardo's teacher, Verrocchio received an order for the painting "The Baptism of Christ" and commissioned Leonardo to paint one of the two angels. It was a common practice in art workshops of that time: the teacher created the picture together with the student assistants. The most talented and diligent ones were entrusted with the execution of a whole fragment. Two angels, written by Leonardo and Verrocchio, clearly demonstrated the superiority of the student over the teacher. As Vasari writes, the amazed Verrochio abandoned the brush and never returned to painting.
Recording the results of countless observations in sketches, sketches and field studies performed in various techniques (Italian and silver pencils, sanguine, pen, etc.), Leonardo da Vinci achieved, sometimes resorting to an almost caricatured grotesque, sharpness in the transfer of facial expressions, and physical the features and movement of the human body were brought into perfect harmony with the spiritual atmosphere of the composition. In 1481 or 1482, Leonardo da Vinci entered the service of the ruler of Milan, Lodovico Moro, acting as a military engineer, hydraulic engineer, organizer of court celebrations.
In the Milanese period, Leonardo da Vinci created "Madonna of the Rocks" (Louvre, Paris; 2nd version - near, National Gallery, London), where the characters are presented surrounded by a bizarre rocky landscape, and the subtle chiaroscuro plays the role of a spiritual principle, emphasizing warmth Human Relations. Madonna of the Rocks
Madonna of the Rocks, Louvre, Paris.
In the refectory of the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, he completed the mural painting "The Last Supper" painting; its high ethical and spiritual content is expressed in the mathematical pattern of the composition, which logically continues the real architectural space, in a clear, strictly developed system of gestures and facial expressions of characters, in a harmonious balance of forms.
After the fall of Milan, Leonardo da Vinci's life passed in continuous travel (, Florence; Mantua and Venice; 1506, Milan; Rome; France).
The strength of the artist's convictions was such that much, even the most fantastic of what he had invented seemed to his contemporaries quite real. Giorgio Vasari reports that when Leonardo was still in Florence, he made a drawing, with the help of which he repeatedly proved to many enterprising citizens who ruled the city at that time that he could raise the temple of San Giovanni and bring stairs under it without destroying it. ... “And he persuaded with such convincing arguments that it seemed possible, although after his departure, everyone in the depths of his soul realized the impossibility of such an undertaking.” Temple of San Giovanni
Unfortunately, the penchant for a wide variety of reflections and scientific experiments did not give Leonardo the opportunity to focus on one thing. He started a lot, did not finish a lot, so an opinion began to take shape about him as a person who was not able to bring anything to the end. Therefore, when he was asked to paint the refectory of the new Dominican monastery of Santa Maria della Grazie in Milan, he did not hesitate a moment, he agreed, hoping by the execution of this fresco to prove the opposite to all idle gossips.
Leonardo began working on the Last Supper for the Santa Maria della Grazie monastery in 1495. He had to finish the fresco as soon as possible. But, as always, he wanted to be independent and original in everything that required careful and hard work. And although the idea of "The Last Supper" was born to Leonardo long before receiving this order, he, before starting to paint on the wall, made many drawings and sketches, accompanying them with verbal descriptions like the following: "The first one who drank and put the glass on his place, turns his head to the speaker; the other connects the fingers of both hands and looks at his comrade with frowning eyebrows; the other, opening his hands, shows their palms, raises his shoulders to his ears and makes a face of amazement with his mouth, "and so on for each character."
Last Supper, refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie.
The abbot of the monastery constantly urged Leonardo to complete the work. One day, irritated by the slowness of the artist, he complained about him to the duke. The artist, who often talked with the Duke about art, was able to convince him that "sublime talents sometimes work less, but achieve more when they think over their ideas and create those perfect ideas, which are only then expressed with their hands." Leonardo handed over his work in the winter of 1497, although he did not manage to finish the head of Jesus Christ. The success of the fresco exceeded all expectations. The whole of Italy was struck by the boldness of the composition, the power of expression, the movement combined with calmness, which still amaze anyone who enters the refectory. The variety of visible forms of mental life is striking. To the head of Jesus Christ
The compositional solution of the traditional Gospel subject, chosen by Leonardo for the painting of the refectory, was already unusual. The room where the fresco is located, elongated in shape, and the tables were located in it in the form of the letter "P". To create the illusion of reality of what is happening, the table at which Jesus Christ sat with his disciples was drawn the same as those that stood in the refectory, closing them into a single rectangle. The originality of the plan also lay in the fact that the abbot of the monastery found himself just opposite Christ, sitting in front of his figure during the afternoon meal. The walls of the real room and the ceiling also imperceptibly merge into the walls and ceiling depicted in the fresco. When all the monks gathered at the table, the impression was created that Christ and the apostles were participating in a joint meal. The desire to convey the impression of the reality of what is happening, which occupied the artist from early youth, in this work was realized with full reliability and convincingness.
Fresco by Leonardo da Vinci "The Last Supper"
At the table in the upper room, where the last meal of the Teacher with the disciples takes place, Christ sits in the center. On both sides of it were the apostles, united in groups of three. The entire composition of The Last Supper depicts the moment when Jesus utters his famous words: "One of you will betray me." The reigning calmness of the last supper, conveyed by a strictly verified composition, is disturbed by the arising noise and a wave of human emotions: "Is it not me, rabbi?" Judas, traditionally always sitting on the other side of the table, is this time in the group of the apostles. He, too, is outraged, he also tries to be surprised, but his right hand, nervously gripping a purse with thirty pieces of silver, gives him away and makes him recognizable. The visually balanced composition is disturbed by the resulting noise. Replicas seem to be transferred from one end of the table to the other, mixing separate groups of the apostles into one restless mass. Christ cannot but hear and notice what is happening, but his figure remains unperturbed. He responds to the excitement that seized all the apostles with ritual calmness, immobility, and silence.
The fate of the Last Supper fresco turned out to be tragic. Once, one evening, having come to the refectory of the monastery to admire his most famous work, Leonardo noticed that some mistake had been made when working with soil and paints, and his work, on which so much time and effort had been spent, might turn out to be short-lived. He constantly monitored the ongoing changes and did everything possible to prolong the life of his creation.
From Milan Leonardo returned to Florence. In the same city, Leonardo painted a portrait of Mona Lisa (La Gioconda). From a small canvas, graceful hands with thin aristocratic fingers folded crosswise, a beautiful woman is looking at the viewer. Her gaze is serious, and her lips are slightly touched by a smile, which is often called mysterious. Instead of a background behind the Mona Lisa, there is an ideal landscape typical of the Renaissance. Mona Lisa (La Gioconda)
Portrait of Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) Tree. 77 x 53. Louvre, Paris.
Fragment. Portrait of Mona Lisa (La Gioconda) Tree. 77 x 53. Louvre, Paris.
The last years of his life Leonardo spent in wanderings. First he returned to Milan, from there he went to Rome. There, for his scientific experiments, he was accused of heresy. Fleeing the persecution of the church, Leonardo accepted the invitation of the French king. In France, he hardly worked, but was always surrounded by respectful admiration. Leonardo's life ended in 1519 in the small town of Amboise in the castle of Clu. Vasari noted that "although he did much more in words than in deeds, all these branches of his activity, in which he showed himself so divinely, will never let his name and fame fade away."
Among the works of Leonardo da Vinci - painting, frescoes, drawings, anatomical drawings, which laid the foundation for the appearance of scientific illustration, works of architecture, projects of technical structures, notebooks and manuscripts (about 7 thousand sheets), "Treatise on Painting" (Leonardo began to write a treatise back in Milan at the request of Sforza, who wished to know which art is more noble - sculpture or painting; the final version was drawn up after the death of Leonardo da Vinci by his student F. Melzi).
Chambord Castle was built for King Francis I and still amazes not only with its size - 440 rooms and 365 fireplaces, but also with its innovative architecture. It is no coincidence that it is considered a masterpiece of engineering and it is assumed that the first project was developed by Leonardo da Vinci himself.
Slide 2
Leonardo da Vinci is an Italian artist and scientist, musician, inventor, one of the largest representatives of the art of the High Renaissance, a vivid example of a "universal man".
Slide 3
A universal person.
Sculpture Architecture Music Natural Science Inventions Anatomy Painting
Slide 4
Childhood.
Leonardo da Vinci was born on April 15, 1452, in the city of Vinci, near Florence, to a 25-year-old notary, Piero, and his beloved, a peasant woman, Caterina. Leonardo spent the first years of his life with his mother. Soon, his father married a rich girl, but the marriage turned out to be childless, and Pierrot took his three-year-old son for upbringing. Throughout his life, Leonardo tried to recreate the image of his mother in masterpieces. At that time he lived with his grandfather. Many influential people took part in the further fate of the boy. When he was 13 years old, his stepmother died in childbirth. The father got married again, but soon he became a widower again. He lived for 77 years, had 12 children. He tried to introduce Leonardo to his profession, but to no avail: his son was not interested in laws. society. The house where Leonardo lived as a child.
Slide 5
Verrocchio
1466 - Leonardo da Vinci enters Verrocchio's workshop. He studied the humanities there, acquired a lot of technical knowledge. He studied drawing, chemistry, metallurgy, working with metal, leather and plaster. In addition to this, he was engaged in drawing, sculpture, modeling. In 1473, at the age of 20, Leonardo da Vinci received the qualification of a master in the guild of St. Luke. Members of the management of the guild of St. Luke.
Slide 6
End of life.
2 years before his death, Leonardo's right hand became numb, and he could hardly move without assistance. He spent the third year of his life in Amboise, practically bedridden. On April 23, 1519, he drew up a will, and on May 2, at the age of 67, he died surrounded by his disciples. There is a legend that Leonardo da Vinci died right in the arms of King Francis I, his close friend. Leonardo da Vinci was buried in the castle of Amboise. Tomb of Leonardo da Vinci in the castle of Amboise Francis I
Slide 7
ACHIEVEMENTS.
Slide 8
MonaLisa
The most famous painting by Leonardo da Vinci is the Mona Lisa, located in the Louvre (Paris, France). It is one of the most famous paintings in the world and is believed to be a portrait of Lisa Gherardini. Leonardo da Vinci devoted almost all of his time to this picture, treated it with some kind of passion. He felt a special affection for the portrait, spent a huge amount of time (he painted the Gioconda smile for almost 12 years !!!) Despite the fact that the picture is beautiful, it befits the Middle Ages (dull colors). And yet the picture looks very harmonious and organic.
Slide 9
Who is this?
Gioconda's smile is also amazing. But still there is the main question: who did Leonardo da Vinci portray on the picture? 1. Lisa Gherardini, wife of a silk merchant. 2. According to one theory, "Mona Lisa" is a self-portrait of the artist. 3. Caterina Sforza. 4. A young man in a woman's dress (Salai) 5. Isabella of Aragon. 1 3 4 5 2
Slide 10
Also Leonardo da Vinci is known for other works ...
"Lady with an Ermine". "The Last Supper" is a monumental painting by Leonardo da Vinci, depicting the scene of the last meal of Christ with his disciples.
Slide 11
Inventions.
A parachute is a device made of fabric, to which a system or load is attached with slings. Wheeled bicycle. Tank-intimidating opponents.
Slide 12
A spotlight is a light device that provides an angular concentration of the light flux. Two-lens telescope-device with which you can observe distant objects Catapult-throwing machine. Humanoid robot
