Table 1
Table of energy and nutritional value of fast food cafe products
| Dishes and drinks | Energy value (kcal) | Proteins (g) | Fat (g) | Carbohydrates (g) |
| Ham sandwich (bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, cheese, ham) | ||||
| Sandwich with meat cutlet (bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, cheese, beef) | ||||
| Chicken cutlet sandwich (bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, cheese, chicken) | ||||
| Ham omelet | ||||
| Vegetable salad | ||||
| Caesar salad (chicken, salad, mayonnaise, croutons) | ||||
| Country style potatoes | ||||
| Small portion of French fries | ||||
| Ice cream with chocolate filling | ||||
| Waffle cone | ||||
| Sweet highly carbonated drink | ||||
| Orange juice | ||||
| Tea without sugar | ||||
| Sugar tea (two teaspoons) |
table 2
Daily nutritional norms and energy requirements of children and adolescents
| Age, years | Proteins (g / kg) | Fat (g / kg) | Carbohydrates (g) | Energy need (kcal) |
| 16 and older |
table 2Energy consumption for various types of physical activity
| Types of physical activity | Energy price |
| Walk -5 km / h; cycling -10 km / h; amateur volleyball; archery; rowing folk | 4.5 kcal / min |
| Cycling 13 km / h; table tennis; tennis (doubles) | 5.5 kcal / min |
| Rhythmic gymnastics; walking at a brisk pace - 6.5 km / h; cycling 16 km / h; canoe - 6.5 km / h; riding fast trot | 6.5 kcal / min |
| Roller skates 15 km / h; race walking 8 km / h; cycling - 17.5 km / h; badminton competition; tennis singles; easy skiing downhill; water skiing | 7.5 kcal / min |
| Jogging; cycling 19 km / h; energetic skiing down the mountain; basketball; hockey; football; ball game in water | 9.5 kcal / min |
Problem number 1
16-year-old Marina visited Kaliningrad during the holidays. Before the excursion to the Amber Museum, she
had a bite to eat at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for the first breakfast if Marina eats four times a day.
Offer the schoolgirl a menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with a maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina will definitely order a vegetable salad. In your answer, indicate: the calorie content of the first breakfast with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of the first breakfast, and the amount of protein in it.
Problem number 2
During the autumn holidays, 17-year-old Daria visited the State Memorial and Natural Reserve “Museum-Estate of L.N. Tolstoy Yasnaya Polyana ". Before the start of the excursion, Daria had breakfast at a local fast food cafe. The girl ordered the following dishes and drinks for her first breakfast: an omelet with ham, a small portion of French fries, a vegetable salad and a glass of a sweet, highly carbonated drink. Determine: the recommended calorie content of the first breakfast, if Daria eats four times a day; the real calorie content of the first breakfast; the amount of carbohydrates in food and drinks, as well as the ratio of carbohydrates from food to their daily intake.
Problem number 3
Thirteen-year-old Nikolai, together with his parents, visited a fast-food cafe in the evening.
nutrition. Nikolai's body weight is 56 kg. Calculate the recommended calorie content and amount of proteins, fats and carbohydrates (in g) in Nikolai's dinner, taking into account that the teenager eats four times a day.
Based on the calculations performed in task 31, propose to Nikolai the most optimal menu for dinner in terms of calorie content and ratio of fat from the list of proposed dishes and drinks.
When choosing, keep in mind that the teenager will definitely order country-style potatoes, as well as one of the drinks. Dishes on the menu should not be repeated. In the answer, indicate the dishes, the calorie content of the dinner and the amount of fat in it.
Problem number 4
Alexey and Ivan are passionate fans of quiet walking. On one sunny summer day, they decided to make another trip to nature. In a hurry, the guys forgot the dry rations prepared in the evening. The guys stayed in the forest for about 4 hours and, hungry, were able to get to the nearest roadside cafe only in the evening. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, suggest one of them with the optimal calorie content, with the maximum amount of carbohydrates, a menu from the list of proposed dishes and drinks that will help offset the costs of many hours of walking (5 km / h). When choosing, keep in mind that each of the guys will definitely order a ham sandwich and orange juice, but at the same time refuse ice cream with chocolate filling.
Indicate in your answer: energy consumption of walking; ordered meals that should not
repeat; the calorie content of dinner, which should not exceed the energy consumption during a walk, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 5
Denis is a professional football player and is a member of the football club. After the game, which lasted 2 halves of 45 minutes with an additional time of 3 minutes, the athlete went to have dinner at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the young man the proposed food and drinks in order to compensate for his energy consumption during the game.
When choosing, keep in mind that Denis will definitely order a ham sandwich. Please indicate in your answer:
energy consumption of a sports match; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the amount of carbohydrates; calorie content of dinner, which should not exceed energy consumption during a football match.
Problem number 6
17-year-old Nikolai visited Samara during the winter holidays. Before the excursion to Samara
art museum, he had breakfast at a local fast food cafe. The teenager ordered the following dishes and drinks for his first breakfast: omelet with ham, orange juice and a serving of country-style potatoes. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, determine: the recommended calorie content of the first breakfast, if Nikolay eats four times a day; the real energy value of the ordered breakfast; the amount of carbohydrates in food and drinks, as well as the ratio of carbohydrates from food to their daily intake.
Problem number 7
Evgeniy, a 19-year-old first-year student, visited Vladivostok during the summer holidays. After
on a long excursion to the Russky Island, he decided to dine at a local fast food cafe. The young man ordered himself the following dishes and drinks: omelet with ham, country-style potatoes and a glass of tea with sugar (one teaspoon). Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, determine the recommended calorie intake for Eugene if he eats four times a day; the real energy value of the ordered dinner, the amount of carbohydrates in meals and drinks, as well as the ratio of carbohydrates received with food to its daily norm.
Problem number 8
Garik is actively involved in table tennis. After morning practice, he decided
have a snack at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, suggest
Gariku has an optimal calorie content, with a maximum carbohydrate content of the menu from
the list of food and drinks in order to compensate for energy costs during
training, if its duration was 130 minutes. When choosing, keep in mind that Garik will definitely order an omelet with ham. In your answer indicate: the athlete's energy consumption during training; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of breakfast, which should not exceed energy consumption during exercise, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 9
Love is a master of sports in archery. Over the past month, she has been actively preparing for sports competitions, spending 6 hours a day at the shooting range. After one of the morning workouts, which lasted 3 hours and 20 minutes, she decided to have lunch with her friends at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the athlete the optimal calorie and fat menu from the list of dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption during the next workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Lyubov will definitely order country-style potatoes, dishes with a minimum fat content and a drink. In your answer indicate: the athlete's energy consumption during training; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the amount of fat in them; the calorie content of meals, which should not exceed energy consumption during training.
Problem number 10
Ivan Petrovich works as a postman and loves cycling, therefore
He delivers correspondence on a bicycle at a speed of 10 km / h. In the first half of the day, he works 4 hours and then goes to lunch at a fast food restaurant. Using data
tables 1 and 2, offer the man the optimal calorie intake, with the maximum
compensate for your energy costs for a four-hour bike ride. When choosing
keep in mind that Ivan Petrovich is very fond of country-style potatoes and will definitely order two portions. In the answer, indicate: the energy consumption of the postman; ordered meals; number
carbohydrates; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption while cycling.
Problem number 11
On Sunday, 15-year-old Alexander visited the Tretyakov Gallery
in Moscow, and at lunchtime he decided to have a snack at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for lunch if Alexander eats four times a day. Offer Alexander the menu with the optimal calorie content, with the maximum carbohydrate content from the list of offered dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that he will definitely order a ham sandwich, ice cream with chocolate filling and orange juice. In the answer indicate: the calorie content of lunch with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of the lunch, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 12
Alexey is fond of skiing and studies at the Stolitsa Ski School. Three times a week he goes for a drive on Vorobyovy Gory. After a two-hour vigorous workout, Alexei goes to a fast food restaurant to relax a bit, chat with friends and have lunch.
Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the young man the optimal calorie content, with
the maximum protein content of the menu from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of a two-hour workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Alexey always orders a sandwich with a meat cutlet and two cups of tea with sugar. Indicate in your answer: energy consumption of sports training; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed the energy consumption during training, and the amount of proteins in it.
Problem number 13
12-year-old Nikolai and his parents visited ancient Suzdal during the holidays. After an excursion to the Suzdal Kremlin, the family decided to dine at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for Nikolai's dinner if he eats four times a day. Offer your teenager an optimal calorie, maximum carbohydrate menu from the list of suggested foods and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Nikolai will definitely order an omelet with ham and tea with one spoonful of sugar. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of a dinner with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of a dinner, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 14
11-year-old Nikolai visited St. Petersburg during the winter holidays. Before excursion to
He decided to have a snack at the Peter and Paul Fortress at a local fast food cafe.
Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content of the second
breakfast if Nikolai eats four times a day. Offer the schoolchild a menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with a maximum fat content, from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Nikolai will definitely order a glass of sweet
highly carbonated drink. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of the second breakfast
with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their
energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content
second breakfast, and the amount of fat in it.
Problem number 15
On Sunday morning, 15-year-old Konstantin visited the historical museum, and for dinner he visited a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie intake for dinner if Constantine eats four times a day. Offer the student the optimal calorie diet, with the maximum carbohydrate content, from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Konstantin will definitely order an omelet with ham. In your answer, indicate: the calorie content of the dinner; ordered dishes that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of a dinner, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 16
15-year-old Nikolay visited the State Nature Reserve during the winter holidays
"Pillars" in Krasnoyarsk. After the tour, he dined at a local fast food cafe. Nikolai ordered the following dishes and drinks: a ham sandwich, country-style potatoes, and a glass of sweet, highly carbonated drink. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, determine the recommended calorie content for dinner, the energy value of the ordered dishes, the amount of carbohydrates received with food and the ratio of the amount of carbohydrates received with food to their daily intake.
Problem number 17
Andrey and Peter went for a weekend bike ride out of town. On the way back
after a 182-minute slow walk (13 km / h), they decided to have a snack in one of the
fast food restaurants. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer one of the children a menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with a maximum protein content, from the list of suggested foods and drinks to compensate for the energy consumption from cycling. When choosing, keep in mind that each of them will definitely order a meat patty sandwich and orange juice. Indicate in your answer: energy consumption of a bike ride; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the amount of proteins in them; the calorie content of meals, which should not exceed energy consumption during a bike ride.
Problem number 18
Nikolay and Vasily are fans of tennis (singles). They compete in this sport every Sunday. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer Vasily the optimal calorie-rich menu with the maximum carbohydrate content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for his costs in the game, which lasted 2 hours and 5 minutes. When choosing, keep in mind that he will definitely order a meatball sandwich and a sweet, highly carbonated drink. In your answer indicate: energy consumption when playing tennis; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the amount of carbohydrates and calories, which should not exceed the energy consumption during the game.
Problem number 19
Student of the Institute of Physical Education Marina is engaged in equestrian sports. Every day after
Institute, she goes horseback riding for 95 minutes. After the workout, the girl comes in
have a bite to eat at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the student the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina always orders an omelet with ham. In your answer, indicate: the athlete's energy consumption, recommended meals that should not be repeated; the amount of proteins; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption during training.
Problem number 20
Fyodor, a striker at a football club, decided to have dinner at a fast food restaurant after an evening game. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, suggest to Fedor an optimal calorie, maximum carbohydrate menu from the list of foods and drinks in order to compensate for energy consumption during a football match that lasted 89 minutes for an athlete. When choosing, keep in mind that Fedor will definitely order a sweet, highly carbonated drink. In your answer indicate: the athlete's energy consumption; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the amount of carbohydrates; the calorie content of the dinner, which should not exceed the energy consumption during the match.
Problem number 21
10-year-old Alexander visited Veliky Novgorod with his parents. In front of the pedestrian
On a tour of the ancient city, the family decided to have a snack at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content of Alexander's first breakfast if he eats four times a day. Suggest to the student
optimal in calorie content, with the maximum carbohydrate content of the menu from the list
offered meals and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Alexander will definitely order sugar-free tea. In your answer, indicate: the calorie content of the first breakfast; with four meals a day, ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of the first breakfast, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 22
14-year-old Peter visited Kazan during the winter holidays. Before the excursion to the Kazan Kremlin, he had breakfast at a local fast food cafe. The teenager ordered the following foods and drinks for breakfast: a sandwich with a chicken cutlet, a vegetable salad, a small portion of french fries. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, determine the recommended calorie content of Peter's first breakfast if he eats four times a day; the real energy value of the first breakfast; the amount of carbohydrates in breakfast meals and drinks, as well as the ratio of carbohydrates from food to their daily intake.
Problem number 23
17-year-old Polina visited Nizhny Novgorod during the holidays. After visiting the Nizhny Novgorod Fair, she decided to dine at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for dinner if Polina eats four times a day. Offer your teenager a calorie-optimal, low-fat menu from a list of suggested foods and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Polina will definitely order orange juice. Please indicate in your answer: calorie content of dinner; ordered dishes that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of dinner, and the amount of fat in it.
Problem number 24
During the winter holidays, 14-year-old Sophia visited Pskov and its environs. Before excursion to
She had breakfast at the State Pushkin Reserve at a local fast-food cafe
nutrition. The girl ordered the following dishes and drinks for herself for lunch: a sandwich with
ham, a small serving of French fries, and a glass of sweet, highly carbonated drink.
Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, determine the recommended calorie content of the second
breakfast, if Sophia eats four times a day, real energy value
ordered lunch meals, the amount of carbohydrates in meals and drinks, and
the ratio of carbohydrates received with food to their daily intake.
Problem number 25
Anastasia is a master of sports in alpine skiing. During the last month she
actively preparing for sports competitions, spending 4 hours a day on the mountain slopes. After one evening workout lasting 121 minutes, she decided to have dinner at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer Anastasia an optimal calorie, maximum carbohydrate menu from the list of dishes and drinks in order to compensate for energy consumption after the next workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Anastasia will definitely order orange juice and refuse ice cream. In the answer, indicate: the athlete's energy consumption; ordered meals that should not be repeated; calorie content of dinner, which should not exceed energy consumption during training,
and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 26
18-year-old Elizaveta visited Khabarovsk during her student winter holidays. Before the start
excursions "Khabarovsk the capital of the Far East, history and modernity" she had lunch
at a local fast food cafe. The girl ordered the following dishes and drinks:
meatball sandwich, small fries, Caesar salad and a glass
sweet highly carbonated drink. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, determine
Problem number 27
Egor, a canoeing competitor, decided to grab a bite to eat at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer Yegor a menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with a maximum carbohydrate content, from the list of dishes and drinks in order to
to compensate for the energy costs during the competition lasting 75 minutes. When choosing, keep in mind that Egor will definitely order orange juice. In your answer indicate: the athlete's energy consumption during the competition; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the amount of carbohydrates in them; the calorie content of the dishes, which should not exceed the energy consumption during the competition.
Problem number 28
Alexander, a fan of roller skating, went on a two-hour walk through the streets of Nizhny Novgorod. After that he decided to have a bite to eat at one of the fast food restaurants. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, suggest to Alexander the menu with the optimal calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks, in order to compensate for his energy consumption while walking on roller skates. When choosing, keep in mind that Alexander will definitely order a ham sandwich and ice cream with chocolate filling. Indicate in your answer: energy consumption for a walk on roller skates; ordered meals that should not be repeated; calorie content, which should not exceed energy consumption for a walk, and the amount of proteins in them.
Problem number 29
Tatiana, 17, visited Tobolsk during her winter student holidays. Before the start
excursion "Tobolsk Kremlin is a masterpiece of stone architecture" she dined at a local
fast food cafe. The girl ordered herself the following dishes and drinks: small
French fries, ham sandwich, Caesar salad and orange juice. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, determine: the recommended calorie content for lunch, if Tatiana eats four times a day; the energy value of the ordered lunch; the amount of carbohydrates in food and drinks, as well as the ratio of carbohydrates from food to their daily intake.
Problem number 30
16-year-old Ivan visited Astrakhan during the holidays. Before the excursion to the Astrakhan Kremlin, he
had a snack at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for a second breakfast if Ivan eats four times a day.
Offer him the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Ivan will definitely order a small portion of French fries. In your answer indicate: the calorie content of the second breakfast with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of the second breakfast, and the amount of proteins in it.
Problem number 31
Peter, a basketball defender, decided to have dinner at a fast food restaurant after an evening training session. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, suggest to Peter the optimal calorie, maximum carbohydrate menu from the list of foods and drinks in order to compensate for energy consumption during a workout that lasted 1 hour and 40 minutes. When choosing, keep in mind that Peter will definitely order an omelet with ham. In your answer indicate: the athlete's energy consumption during training; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of dinner, which should not exceed the energy consumption during training, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 32
Nikolay and Vasily are fans of tennis (singles). Every Sunday they compete with each other in this sport. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer Nikolai the optimal calorie-rich menu with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for his energy consumption in the game, which lasted 2 hours. When choosing, keep in mind that he will definitely order an omelet with ham and a glass of sweet, highly carbonated drink.
In your answer indicate: energy consumption when playing tennis; ordered meals that should not
repeat; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed the energy consumption during the game, and the amount of proteins in it.
Problem number 33
Konstantin, a defender of the hockey team, after an evening training session decided to have dinner at
fast food restaurant. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, suggest to Constantine
optimal in calorie content, with the maximum carbohydrate content of the menu from the list
food and drinks in order to compensate for energy consumption during training,
lasted 1 hour 30 minutes. When choosing, keep in mind that Konstantin will definitely order
omelet with ham. In your answer indicate: the athlete's energy consumption during training;
ordered meals; calorie content of dinner and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 34
Olga, a master of sports in tennis, is at a training camp, where every day for four hours (morning and evening) she actively trains with her friends. In their free time between two workouts, the girls decided to have lunch at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, suggest to Olga the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content and the ratio of proteins from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for her energy consumption of a two-hour morning workout.
When choosing, keep in mind that Olga loves sweets and will definitely order ice cream with
chocolate filling, as well as a sweet drink. However, the coach asked Olga
consume meals with the highest protein content. In the answer, indicate the energy consumption of the morning workout, the recommended meals, the calorie content of the lunch and the amount of protein in it.
Problem number 35
Svetlana, a student of the theater school, always follows her figure
and three times a week he does rhythmic gymnastics in a fitness club. After an hour and a half lesson, Svetlana goes to a fast food restaurant to have a snack. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the girl the optimal calorie menu from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption during an hour and a half lesson.
When choosing, keep in mind that Svetlana chooses dishes with the least amount of carbohydrates and drinks tea without sugar. Indicate in your answer: energy consumption during gymnastics; ordered meals that should not be repeated; calorie content of lunch and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 36
Anton is fond of water skiing and every year for the whole summer together with his friends he travels to the Black Sea, where they actively train. Every day the young man rides for three hours (in the morning, afternoon and evening for an hour). In his spare time, after morning and afternoon workouts, Anton goes to have lunch at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the young man the optimal calorie, maximum protein menu from the list of suggested foods and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of two hours of water skiing. When choosing, keep in mind that Anton loves orange juice and will definitely order it. Indicate in your answer: energy consumption of two-hour workouts; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption during exercise, and the amount of proteins in it.
Problem number 37
Athlete Natalya every day during the morning workout is engaged in race walking at a speed of 8 km / h, then an hour walks at a pace of 5.5 km / h. After training, she occasionally dines at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the girl the optimal calorie, maximum carbohydrate menu from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of a two-hour morning workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Natalia loves a sweet, highly carbonated drink. Please indicate in your answer:
the energy consumption of the athlete; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed the energy consumption during training, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 38
14-year-old Zinaida took part in a one-day excursion, and in the evening had dinner at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie intake for dinner if a girl eats four meals a day. Offer Zinaida an optimal calorie menu with a maximum carbohydrate content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Zinaida will definitely order a portion of country-style potatoes and tea with sugar. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of a dinner with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of a dinner, and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
Problem number 39
Vladimir is engaged in rhythmic gymnastics, after one of the workouts he decided
dine at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, suggest
Vladimir optimal in calorie content, with a minimum fat content of the menu from
a list of food and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout
lasting 2 hours 30 minutes. When choosing, keep in mind that Vladimir will definitely order ice cream with chocolate filling and a sweet drink. Indicate in your answer: Vladimir's energy consumption; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of dinner, which should not exceed the energy consumption during training, and the amount of fat in it.
Problem number 40
14-year-old Artyom visited Sochi during the winter holidays. Before starting his tour of the Olympic venues, he had breakfast at a local fast food cafe. The teen ordered the following foods and drinks for lunch: a chicken cutlet sandwich, ham scrambled eggs, a small french fries, and a glass of sugary soda.
Using the data of tables 1, 2 and 3, determine: the recommended calorie content of the second breakfast, if Artyom eats four times a day; the real energy value of the ordered second breakfast; the amount of carbohydrates in food and drinks, as well as the ratio of carbohydrates from food to their daily intake.
Problem number 41
Nine-year-old Natasha visited Yaroslavl with her parents. After the excursion to
Yaroslavl Art Museum-Reserve the family decided to have a snack at a local cafe
fast food. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended
the calorie content of Natasha's dinner if she eats four times a day. Suggest to the girl
optimal in calorie content, with a minimum amount of fat menu from the list
offered meals and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Natasha will definitely order
ice cream with chocolate filling. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of dinner with
four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their
energy value and the amount of fat in them.
Problem number 42
15-year-old Svetlana visited Kostroma during the spring break. After an excursion to the Ipatiev Monastery, she decided to have a bite to eat at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for lunch if Svetlana eats four times a day. Offer the girl the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Svetlana will definitely order a meatball sandwich and orange juice. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of the lunch; ordered meals with four meals a day, which should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of lunch, and the amount of protein in it.
Problem number 43
17-year-old Stepan visited Ryazan during the holidays. After visiting the ancient Ryazan Kremlin, he decided to dine at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for dinner if Stepan eats four times a day. Offer your teenager a calorie-optimal, maximum protein-rich menu from the list of suggested foods and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Stepan will definitely order orange juice. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of a dinner with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of dinner, and the amount of proteins in it.
Problem number 44
Tamara participated in city badminton competitions, and then decided to dine at a fast food restaurant. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer Tamara an optimal calorie, maximum protein menu from the list of food and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption during the competition, which lasted 2.4 hours for the girl. When choosing, keep in mind that Tamara will definitely order ice cream with chocolate filling. In your answer indicate: Tamara's energy consumption during the competition; ordered meals that should not be repeated; the calorie content of the dinner, which should not exceed the energy consumption during the competition, and the amount of protein in it.
Problem number 45
Fyodor, 17, visited Moscow during the winter holidays. Before the excursion to the Tretyakov Gallery, he decided to have a snack at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie content for a second breakfast if Fedor eats four times a day. Offer the schoolchild a menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with a maximum fat content, from the list of proposed dishes and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Fedor will definitely order a small portion of French fries and a glass of tea without sugar. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of the second breakfast; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value, which should not exceed the recommended calorie content of the second breakfast, and the amount of fat in it.
Problem number 46
12-year-old Olga together with her parents visited Vladimir during the holidays. After visiting the Golden Gate, the family decided to dine at a local fast food cafe. Using the data in Tables 1, 2 and 3, calculate the recommended calorie intake for Olga's dinner if she eats four times a day. Offer your teenager a calorie-optimal, low-fat menu from a list of suggested foods and drinks. When choosing, keep in mind that Olga will definitely order Caesar salad and a glass of tea with one spoonful of sugar. In the answer, indicate: the calorie content of a dinner with four meals a day; ordered meals that should not be repeated; their energy value and the amount of fat in it.
Body temperature, ºС%losses
in weight
during the period
activity
during
hibernation
during the period
activity
during
hibernation
Hedgehog 75 25 35.5 3.1 31.2
Bat 420 16 37.5 2.6 33.5
Hamster 175 13 38.5 4.5 35
Yellow gopher
225 12 37.0 1.4 43 1) Does the body temperature of animals fall below 0 ºС during hibernation?
2) Which of the listed animals normally spends more energy during the period of their activity?
3) Which of the listed animals is most likely to lose weight during hibernation and why?
31.
Svetlana, a theater school student, always monitors her figure and does rhythmic gymnastics in a fitness club three times a week. After an hour and a half lesson, Svetlana goes to a fast food restaurant to have a snack. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the girl the optimal calorie menu from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption during an hour and a half lesson. When choosing, please note that
Svetlana chooses dishes with the least amount of carbohydrates and drinks tea without sugar.
Indicate in your answer: energy consumption during gymnastics; ordered meals that should not be repeated; calorie content of lunch and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
32. What is dietary fiber? Why is dietary fiber good for the body?
55
Evaluation criteria for assignments in option 2.
Task 29
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
Answer to the first question.
1) The formation of continents near the equator and the creation of small coastal areas.
The answer to the second question.
2) Tissues and organs; independence of reproduction from water; seed formation.
Answer to the third question.
3) Armored fish - bony fish - cross-finned fish - amphibians - the first reptiles (cotylosaurus) - modern reptiles.
3
OR
2
OR
1
OR
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
Task 30
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
Points
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
1) The body temperature of animals does not fall below 0 ºС.
2) The bat spends more energy.
3) Gophers live in steppes and semi-deserts. In droughts, food ends in summer, so they hibernate already at this time of the year and sleep until next spring.
56
3
OR
The answer includes three of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors
2
OR
1
Wrong answer 0
Maximum score
3
Task 31
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
Energy consumption during gymnastics - 585 kcal.
Ordered dishes: Caesar salad, country-style potatoes and tea without sugar.
The calorie content of the ordered lunch is 565 kcal; amount of carbohydrates - 53 g
Energy consumption during gymnastics is indicated correctly; the ordered menu is shown, the calorie content of the lunch and the carbohydrate content in it are indicated
3
Energy consumption during gymnastics is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the calorie task; the calorie content of the lunch and the carbohydrate content are indicated, but the menu does not take into account the requirement that it should include tea without sugar.
OR
Energy consumption during gymnastics is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the task, but the calorie content of lunch and / or the content of carbohydrates are not indicated or indicated incorrectly
2
Only energy consumption, time for gymnastics is indicated correctly
1
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
57
Task 32
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The response must include the following elements:
1.
Fibers are indigestible components of plant cell membranes (fiber).
2. Any of the following arguments can be given:
- fibers bind some toxic substances and bile acids;
- fibers reduce cholesterol and blood glucose levels;
- fibers stimulate the excretion of bile, normalize the functioning of the biliary tract
The answer includes the above two elements, does not contain biological errors
2
The answer includes one of the above elements, OR the answer includes the two elements mentioned above, but contains non-gross biological errors
1
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
2
58
Student # 5
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
59
Student # 6
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
60
Standards for assessments of experts on the work of option 2
Student # 5
Job number
Score
29 2 30 2 31 0 32 0
Student # 6
Job number
Score
29 2 30 3 31 2 32 1
61
Option 3
29.
Using the content of the text "The structure of the stem of a woody plant", answer the following questions.
THE STRUCTURE OF THE STEM OF THE WOODEN PLANT
The stem of a woody plant is protected from the outside by integumentary tissues.
In young stems, the cells of the integumentary tissue are covered with a thin skin in spring. In perennial plants, by the end of the first year of life, the skin is replaced by a multilayer cork consisting of dead cells filled with air. For respiration, young shoots have stomata in the skin, and later lenticulars are formed - large, loosely located cells with large intercellular spaces.
The bark formed by different tissues is adjacent to the integumentary tissue.
The outer part of the cortex is represented by layers of mechanical tissue cells with thickened membranes and thin-walled cells of the main tissue.
The inner part of the cortex is formed by cells of mechanical and conductive tissue and is called bast. The bast contains sieve tubes, through which a descending current flows: organic matter moves from the leaves. Sieve tubes are made up of cells connected at their ends to form a long tube. There are small holes between adjacent cells.
Through them, as through a sieve, organic substances move. In addition to sieve tubes, the bast contains bast fibers and cells of the main tissue.
To the center of the bast in the stem is another layer - wood. It consists of vessels and wood fibers. An ascending current flows through the vessels: water with substances dissolved in it moves from the roots to the leaves and flowers. Between wood and bast there is a thin layer of educational tissue cells - cambium. As a result of cell division of the cambium, the stem grows in thickness. Cambium cells divide along their axis. One of the daughter cells goes to the wood, the other to the bast.
In the center of the stem lies a thick layer of loose cells of the main tissue, in which stores of nutrients are deposited - this is the core.
1) What is bast?
2) What are the similarities and differences in the functioning of sieve tubes and vessels?
3) On the stump of the cut tree, it was found that the core is not in the center of the saw cut, but is displaced. On one side, the layer of wood is thicker, and on the other, thinner. How can this phenomenon be explained?
30.
Using the table "Comparative composition of blood plasma, primary and secondary urine of the human body", answer the following questions.
62
table
Comparative composition of blood plasma, primary and secondary urine
the human body (in%)
Compound substances
Plasma
blood
Primary
urine
Secondary
urine
Proteins, fats 7-9
Absent
Absent
Glucose 0.1 0.1
Absent
Sodium (in the composition of salts) 0.3 0.3 0.4
Chlorine (in the composition of salts) 0.37 0.37 0.7
Potassium (in the composition of salts) 0.02 0.02 0.15
Urea 0.03 0.03 2.0
Uric acid 0.004 0.004 0.05 1) The concentration of which substance increases maximally as the blood plasma turns into secondary urine?
2) What substances and why are absent in the primary urine of a healthy person?
31.
Using the data in the tables (p. 11-12), complete the task:
Student of the Institute of Physical Education Marina is engaged in equestrian sports.
Every day after college, she goes horseback riding for 95 minutes.
After training, the girl comes to a fast food restaurant for a bite to eat.
Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the student the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina always orders an omelet with ham.
In your answer, indicate: the athlete's energy consumption, recommended meals that should not be repeated; the amount of proteins; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption during training.
32.
Why should a person limit their sugar intake?
Give at least two arguments
63
Evaluation criteria for assignments in option 3.
Task 29
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
Answer to the first question.
1) Bast is the inner part of the cortex formed by mechanical and conductive tissues.
The answer to the second question.
2) The similarity is that both sieve tubes and vessels are capable of conducting water and substances dissolved in it. The difference is that a solution of organic substances from the leaves moves through the sieve tubes, and mineral substances dissolved in water from the root move through the vessels.
Answer to the third question.
3) This is due to the illumination of the tree trunk: from the illuminated side, the wood cells are larger than from the unlit side.
Therefore, the layer of wood becomes thicker on one side than on the other.
The correct answer contains all the listed elements in the absence of biological errors
3
The answer contains two of the above elements in the absence of biological errors.
OR
The answer contains three of the above elements in the presence of non-gross biological errors
2
The answer contains one of the above elements in the absence of biological errors.
OR
The answer contains two of the above elements in the presence of non-gross biological errors
1
The answer contains one of the above elements in the presence of non-gross biological errors.
OR
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
Task 30
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
64
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
1) Urea.
2) Proteins, fats.
3) Their absence is due to the peculiarity of filtration in the capsules of the nephrons. Large molecules of these substances are retained by the cells of the nephron.
Organic substances are important for the vital functions of the body
The correct answer includes all the listed elements and does not contain biological errors.
3
The answer includes two of the above elements and does not contain biological errors.
OR
The answer includes three of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors
2
The answer includes one of the above elements and does not contain biological errors.
OR
The answer includes two of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors
1
Wrong answer 0
Maximum score
3
Task 31
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The following response elements are correct:
Energy consumption during training - 618 kcal.
Ordered dishes: omelet with ham, Caesar salad, tea without sugar.
The amount of proteins - 35 g; the calorie content of the ordered lunch - 600 kcal
The energy consumption during training is indicated correctly, the ordered menu is shown, the protein content and calorie content of lunch are indicated
3
Energy consumption during training is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the calorie task; the calorie content of lunch and the protein content are indicated, but the menu does not take into account the requirement that it should include an omelet with ham.
OR
Energy consumption during training is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the task, but the calorie content of lunch and / or protein content is not indicated or indicated incorrectly
2
Only energy consumption during workout 1 is correct.
65
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
Task 32
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The response must include the following arguments:
1. Excess sugar leads to metabolic disorders such as obesity.
2. Excess sugar can ultimately lead to the development of diabetes
The answer includes the above two arguments, does not contain biological errors
2
The answer includes one of the above arguments, OR the answer includes the two arguments mentioned above, but contains non-gross biological errors
1
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
2
66
Student # 7
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
67
Student # 8
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
68
Student # 9
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
69
Standards for assessments of experts on the work of option 3
Student # 7
Job number
Score
29 2 30 3 31 3 32 2
Student # 8
Job number
Score
29 2 30 2 31 3 32 2
Student # 9
Job number
Score
29 1 30 0 31 0 32 0
70
Option 4
29.
Using the content of the text "Beekeeping", answer the following questions.
BEEKEEPING
From time immemorial, the bee became a domestic animal of a person who provided the bee family with a suitable room for it and in return used the products it delivered: honey, wax and healing bee glue - propolis. Honey replaced our present sugar, and wax provided the best candle material at the time.
In ancient times, man provided bees with only the hollows of forest trees, where the bee colony settled. Such hollows were called "borti", and this primitive method of beekeeping was called beekeeping. When honey was extracted in this way, bee colonies were destroyed.
Later, as the forests were cleared, beekeepers, instead of the previous beekeeping, began to organize special sites - apiaries, where bees were provided with special hives in the form of hollowed-out nests or decks resembling a hollow of a tree. In essence, these old hives were not much different from the bee, and the inner life of the bee colony remained invisible to the beekeeper. The beekeeper did not know the lifestyle of the domesticated animal he was dealing with. A man could not direct the activities of bees at his own discretion, but, extracting combs with honey from the hive, he simply robbed the bees, producing huge devastation in the bee family.
This method of beekeeping did not allow the extraction of honey and wax on an industrial scale, since often bee colonies did not survive after collecting honey.
Therefore, at the beginning of the 19th century, a collapsible frame hive was constructed, consisting of a box into which frames for honeycombs are inserted. It allowed the use of bee products without harming the population of the hive, as frames filled with honey and sealed with wax were replaced with empty ones. Honey and wax were extracted without causing significant harm to the bee family, and the process of producing bee products became continuous. Special glazed hives, with the help of which it was possible to observe the activity of bees, made it possible to create a scientifically grounded doctrine of the vital activity of bees - beekeeping.
1)
What type of hive allowed to partially save the bee colony?
2)
What device did the beehive have?
3)
Why is a collapsible frame hive more cost-effective than a deck hive?
30.
Using the Partridge Survival table, answer the following questions.
71
table
"Partridge Survival"
(according to Schwerdpfeger, with simplifications)
Age,
the years
Number of individuals
Mortality,
%
Proportion of females
in the population
alive to the top
age
dead
in this
age
0 1000 850 85 0.50 2 112 31 28 0.46 4 57 18 32 0.32 6 26 9 35 0.23 8 11 4 35 0.27 10 5 2 35 0.20 12 2 1 50 0 13 1 1 100 0 1) How does mortality (in%) of partridges change in the interval of 4–10 years?
2) How can one explain the high mortality rate of partridges in the first year of life, if it is known that they nest on the ground and are sedentary birds of most of the territory of Russia, up to Altai and the Ob River? Give two explanations.
SCIENCE TIME HOW TO ATTRACT STUDENTS TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION? Marina Golubyatnikova, Center for Pedagogical Education, Novokuznetsk Branch of the Institute ... "
SCIENCE TIME
HOW TO ATTRACT STUDENTS TO CLASSES
PHYSICAL EDUCATION?
Marina Golubyatnikova,
Center for Teacher Education
Novokuznetsk branch of the institute
Kemerovo State University,
Novokuznetsk
Email: [email protected]
Annotation Badminton is a new direction in the development of students' physical education. Its introduction into physical education classes of universities can become not only a solution to the issue of attracting students to physical education lessons, but also the health improvement of young people in general.
Key words: physical culture, health, physical condition, students, badminton, university, healthy lifestyle.
Recently, there has been a question about the modernization of the subject of physical culture based on the inclusion of additional sports in the curriculum for physical education, contributing to an increase in the physical activity of students in universities, an increase in the health-improving orientation of physical culture lessons, as well as sports that increase the intellectual activity of the younger generation, aimed at increasing interest in physical culture and sports.
Currently, badminton is introduced into the curriculum for physical education at the expense of the third hour of physical culture on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 30, 2010 No. 889 "On Amendments to the Federal Basic Curriculum and Model Curricula for Educational Institutions Of the Russian Federation, implementing programs of general education, approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated March 9, 2004.
No. 1312 "On the approval of the federal basic curriculum and exemplary curricula for educational institutions of the Russian Federation implementing general education programs", as well as methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation "On the introduction of the third hour of physical culture in the weekly
SCIENCE TIME
load of students of general education institutions of the Russian Federation ”.Physical culture in a higher educational institution is an integral part of the formation of a comprehensively developed student's personality. At the same time, it helps to optimize his physical and psychological condition.
Therefore, the topic of this work is very relevant, since it touches on two important problems: why students are reluctant to attend physical education lessons, how they can be interested in attending this subject. Many do not understand the importance of this activity. After all, exercise reduces depression and improves mood through the production of endorphins, the hormones of happiness. No matter how badly you feel before exercising, your outlook on life will certainly become more optimistic after exercising.
So why do physical education classes remain secondary and unwanted, and one in four students imitates illness, deceives parents and teachers, and 15 percent forge a note asking them to release them.
The answers, in my opinion, are very simple and prosaic. These are, firstly, lack of confidence in their abilities (every third student surveyed said that they are ashamed of their figure), and secondly, lack of interest and motivation.
I see the solution to this problem in the introduction of such a method of conducting classes that would interest everyone - both girls and boys. I think that playing badminton can, at least not completely, but partially solve this issue.
In badminton, two important qualities are realized - play and benefit. According to sports experts, badminton has a number of advantages that can be successfully used in education - it is accessible, exciting, not difficult to learn at the initial level, and also contributes to overall physical development, improved coordination of movements, and the development of intelligence.
In higher educational institutions, the massive development of badminton as a sport helps to solve the main problem facing the physical culture movement: to achieve physical perfection of students, strengthen their health, distract from addictions, instill healthy lifestyle skills.
All physical qualities - speed, flexibility, strength and endurance, as well as coordination - in a harmonious combination with versatile creative thinking develop and improve in this game.
Badminton is a very compact sport that does not require large financial costs for the purchase of playing equipment. The playground can be equipped in any, even the smallest, hall, yard or park. It can be carried out in the gym, subject to availability
SCIENCE TIME
appropriate conditions and in compliance with safety rules. It is also possible to conduct lessons of a combined type, for example, track and field athletics, badminton. It is allowed to conduct classes for teaching badminton in the autumn-spring period in the open air. This game captivates with its simplicity. After the first lesson, the student practically masters the basics of the game and can independently lead it.However, the more you play, the clearer the need to improve the game becomes. And it attracts. The activity of a badminton player has a beneficial effect on his anatomical and physiological structure. Simplicity, accessibility make it possible to practice badminton for students of any gender, different physiological training. Spectacularity, effective impact on the body predetermined the inclusion of this sport in the system of physical education of students in universities. The wide possibility of variability of the load allows the use of badminton as a rehabilitation tool in various groups of general physical training. It is also important to conduct competitions among students - this is not the definition of the best and the worst, but the training and development of physical qualities.
They should logically continue and complement the educational process, increasing the time for mastering and improving the actions and exercises studied in the classroom.
Students need to be taught to play and compete.
No matter how much we teach them the elements of the game in the classroom, they will never learn if they do not participate in competitions. Students will understand the rules and subtleties of the game much better, feel more confident on the court and, which is very important, strive to play badminton whenever possible.
Participants of the competition are more serious about studying the technique and tactics of the game in the classroom, since competitive games allow them to understand why technical techniques should be performed in this way and not otherwise.
Why is it necessary to hold the racket in a certain way, and not the way you used to in the yard, etc.
Student competitions are a necessary and obligatory element of the educational process.
It should be noted that a kind of medical direction has arisen in badminton, since the game of shuttlecock is used for medicinal purposes. So, in the Kislovodsk resort, badminton is widely used to treat people with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic and nervous system diseases. The advantage of this game is that it is very easy to gradually increase physical activity - from minimal to more thorough. This game is not
SCIENCE TIME
burdens patients, but brings joy. Probably, the one who invented this game was a good psychologist. Physiologists say that playing sports can help you grow up.The shuttlecock game is an excellent remedy for fatigue. Perfectly relieves stress. Tracking a fluttering shuttlecock is a useful exercise for the eyes.
As the director of the FSBI "Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases named. Gemgoltsa Vladimir Neroev, such a game as badminton is really an effective way of both prevention and treatment of eye diseases. “The problem is that you can achieve the desired healing effect, but you have to play often. And the benefits of playing in class once a week will be minimal. It makes sense to think about giving physical education lessons more often than once or twice a week. "
As a sport, it can also be recommended for people who want to lose extra pounds or just lose calories. To do this, they do shaping, aerobics, cross-country running, etc. These activities are boring enough and quickly get boring. And in general, it is very difficult to force yourself to run regularly. But badminton is a very gambling and interesting game in which you need to move a lot. In the process of being carried away by the people themselves, they do not feel fatigue and the fact that they are losing extra pounds. It is important to note here that all the difficulties associated with physical activity are relegated to the background of psychological emotions and experiences caused by the game itself.
Badminton is a very democratic sport. It can be practiced at any age. Of course, you cannot achieve serious success in professional sports, but you can significantly raise the level of the game, since mastering the technical elements is available to everyone.
This game is one of the most popular games. There is hardly a family in which there would be no rackets and shuttlecocks. Almost everyone has ever touched these sports equipment. It is an open source and rewarding game.
So, we can conclude that badminton is a new direction in the development of physical education of students. Its introduction into physical education classes of universities can become not only a solution to the issue of attracting students to physical education lessons, but also the health improvement of young people in general.
The walls of the human alimentary canal contain a huge number of glandular cells that produce digestive juices. Entering the cavity, they mix with chewed food, entering into complex chemical interactions with it. Typical digestive juices include saliva and gastric juices.
Being a transparent slightly alkaline liquid, saliva contains in its composition mineral salts, proteins: amylase, maltase, mucin, lysozyme. The first two proteins are involved in the breakdown of starch. Moreover, amylase breaks down starch to maltose (separate fragments), and then maltase breaks it down to glucose. Mucin imparts viscosity to saliva, gluing the food lump, and lysozyme has a bactericidal effect.
The gastric mucosa every day secretes about 2.5 liters of gastric juice, which is acidic, due to hydrochloric acid, a colorless liquid containing the enzyme pepsin, which is responsible for the breakdown of protein into individual fragments and amino acids. The production of gastric juice is carried out using neurohumoral mechanisms.
Hydrochloric acid not only activates pepsin. Proteins are so complex that digesting them is a lengthy process. The acid destroys the hydrogen bonds that hold the secondary structure of the protein, as well as the strong walls of plant cells, not to mention the destruction of the connective tissue in meat; its amount depends on the nature of the food. Hydrochloric acid kills bacteria. However, some bacteria can overcome the stomach's defense system and can cause ulcers.
Scientists became interested in the functioning of the digestive glands in the 19th century. So, in 1842, the Russian scientist V.A.Basov performed the following operation on a dog: he opened the abdominal cavity, made a hole in the stomach wall, into which he inserted a metal tube (fistula) so that one end of it was in the stomach cavity, and the other - outside, which allowed the experimenters to collect gastric juice. The band around the tube was neatly sewn up. The animal tolerated the operation easily, which allowed V.A. Basov to conduct a series of experiments during which the animal was fed a variety of foods.
Task 30 No. 1628
The table shows data on changes in dry weight of insects (in milligrams) during the year in the ecosystem of shrubs in Argentina. The same data is reflected in the graph. Study the table and answer the questions.
1.What are the processes associated with fluctuations in the number of insects?
2. In what months do insect breeding peaks occur?
3. Explain why the insect biomass fluctuates exactly as shown in the table and on the graph.
Task 31 number 2258
Student of the Institute of Physical Education Marina is engaged in equestrian sports. Every day after college, she goes horseback riding for 95 minutes. After training, the girl comes to a fast food restaurant for a bite to eat. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the student the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina always orders an omelet with ham.
In your answer, indicate: the athlete's energy consumption, recommended meals that should not be repeated; the amount of proteins; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption during training.
Table 1
Table of energy and nutritional value of fast food cafe products
| Dishes and drinks | Energy value (kcal) | Proteins (g) | Fat (g) | Carbohydrates (g) |
| Double McMuffin bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, cheese, pork) | ||||
| Fresh McMuffin (bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, cheese, ham) | ||||
| Chicken Fresh Muffin (bun, mayonnaise, lettuce, tomato, cheese, chicken) | ||||
| Ham omelet | ||||
| Vegetable salad | ||||
| Caesar salad" (chicken, salad, mayonnaise, croutons) | ||||
| Country style potatoes | ||||
| Small portion of French fries | ||||
| Ice cream with chocolate filling | ||||
| Waffle cone | ||||
| "Coca Cola" | ||||
| Orange juice | ||||
| Tea without sugar | ||||
| Sugar tea (two teaspoons) |
Energy consumption for various types of physical activity
Today, April 25, Marina Zhiyar, head of the handball department and director of the Institute for Scientific and Pedagogical Education, celebrates her birthday. She also serves on the Dissertation Council and the Comprehensive Handball Science Group. According to the birthday girl, the experience gained in playing sports helps her to successfully switch from one activity to another. And once she came to handball only to get an exemption from school. In the project “Hero of the Day,” she tells how her singing lessons at school were disrupted and how her pride in GTSOLIFK prevented her from drowning in Thailand.
Born in Nizhny Novgorod, which was then called Gorky. My parents live there, I go to them. And the city itself has changed and has become a little alien.
I went in for sports from the first grade- athletics, swimming, skiing, even in gymnastics accidentally came. Then they told me - no, girl, you are so tall, go play basketball. I went to volleyball, then basketball. In the class, they played basketball, football, hockey together.
Fooling around in full. Before the singing lesson, we ran to the kiosk for ice cream, ate it and then, of course, sizzled when we were forced to solo. They didn't have time to finish the ice cream, it melted, dripped from the desk ...
When we were called to sing in three, it began - some in the forest, some for firewood, some bass, some squeaks ... It was a lot of fun. We had a young teacher, and we, fifth-graders, tested her strength like that. They did not go to the choir stubbornly, because the songs were not quite suitable for the fourth or fifth grade, for example, "Buchenwald alarm" ... The head teacher caught us and took us by the hand to the choral singing.
I also went to a music club, played the accordion... My grandmother loved the song "Steppe and Steppe Around", my dog sang along, and I accompanied them. But the soul did not lie to the accordion. I wanted to play the violin, and my mother said - here's the accordion, we don't need to play here. And then I gave up music, there were enough other activities - in the morning I went to basketball, in the evening to athletics. Now I think it was necessary to reach some final level, to master a musical instrument better.
She was a link leader, then the chairman of a pioneer detachment. I remember well the solemn ceremony of admission to the Komsomol. Mom then cooked a festive dinner, on the way, as usual, I broke my knee, they gave me first aid, then congratulated ...
I read voraciously, re-read the entire school library. The librarian thought I was just taking the books and bringing them back. My favorites were "Two Captains" and "Timur and His Team", especially after watching the films. We tried to help all grandparents ...
She received her first instructions in sports from physical education teachers. In our school, physical education was taught very seriously, there were good teachers, and for the "five" it was necessary to work. And I was an excellent student, and getting fours in physical education was not normal for me. Moreover, I ran and jumped on a par with the boys, I had only two rivals among the guys, and there were no competitors among the girls at all.
After the seventh grade, I was transferred to a class with advanced study of mathematics and physics.... It was a shock for me - all the new guys, from our school took only four excellent students, the rest were from other schools. The level was very high, after six months many excellent students became C-graders and returned to their schools.
I came to handball by accident. The girl from the class called me to practice. At that time I went to basketball, I knew nothing about handball. But a classmate promised - if they take you, you will receive an exemption from lessons, and we will go to the competition. Taking time off was enough motivation to do anything ...
We came to practice, at first I did not like it terribly, because in handball, unlike basketball, it is allowed to push and block an opponent. I decided it was some kind of wild sport. But the coach liked me, and he suggested that I switch to handball, since there was no adult basketball team as such, but here it was assumed that there would be a team. I came with a creak several times, then went to the competition. Later, there was interest, because there are more opportunities to prove yourself in handball than in basketball.
Immediately after school I went to work as a coach, I was given permission in the executive committee . I started working with kids, studied at the same time, performed in my team. My children played well and beat the children of famous coaches.
In Moscow for twenty years. Graduated from Lev Pavlovich Matveyev at the State Center for Physical Culture and Sports at the Department of Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of Physical Culture and Sports, then doctoral studies and remained at the department.
She began teaching with Vladimir Pavlovich Filin. He lectured to correspondence students, and I conducted seminars. Most of the students were much older than me, I was very worried. So I prepared for these classes! It seemed that I knew everything, but I thought - suddenly they would ask me about something, and I would not answer, what a disgrace ... Although I read a lot and was an active athlete and coach, I had something to tell them.
It's especially hard to perform in front of large audienceswhere very different people are gathered, someone is not interested at all ... It was difficult to find a common language with everyone. But I tried to adapt the material for students of different directions.
I love my job and my students, I scold them sometimes, I try to educate them. Vladimir Pavlovich explained to me how to evaluate students. He said: "When you put a two, the student should understand what it is for and should be grateful to you." I was imbued with this idea, and even for deuces, which I rarely put, students sometimes say “Thank you” to me.
I live outside the city, in the village. I go there every day, traffic jams get tired, but what to do. I wake up at 5 in the morning, I'm already used to it. Sometimes I take my papers home to go to traffic jams and work at home in peace. I want peace, nature, silence. We are still completing the house, then we will be engaged in landscape design. Last summer we tried the first berries from our own garden - raspberries, currants, blueberries, lingonberries ...
I spend my vacation actively. We walk in the mountains, pick mushrooms, swim in a boat. Once we were on a three-day cruise on Lake Geneva with an excursion, walked around the entire French coast, walked through all the castles.
During a trip to the Universiade with our teachers to Thailand I did two dives for the first time in my life , immediately to a decent depth - 19 meters. At first, I was seasick on the steamer, on which we got to the dive point, but when I saw the underwater world, everything passed, there was only delight.
We swam there in August, this is no longer the season, there were big waves... But we are athletes! We swam in the waves, rescuers rushed along the shore and persuaded us to return. We sailed away, and it is very difficult to swim back, the underwater current drags us back. It was impossible to be disgraced, otherwise they would say - they came from RSUFKSMiT and drowned! She strained all her strength and swam to the shore.
Life credo... If you undertake to do something, you need to do it well. Or is it better not to take it at all. I also tune those who work with me to this.
