Populous
Tottenham Hotspur (2017-2019)
The new Wembley has a capacity of 90,000 and is the second largest stadium in Europe after Camp Nou. It is home to the England national football team. The stadium is owned by the governing body of English football, the Football Association of England (FA).
The authors of the stadium project are Foster and Partners and Populous. The new stadium has a retractable roof. Compared to the old Wembley, which featured white twin towers, the new stadium is known for its 134 Wembley Arch. This steel arch is the longest single span roof structure in the world. The stadium was built by an Australian company Multiplex; construction costs amounted to £ 798 million. The old Wembley was closed in October 2000, and it was planned to demolish it in December of the same year and open a new stadium in 2003. However, for a number of reasons, the project was postponed, and the old Wembley was completely dismantled only in February 2003. The new Wembley opened on 19 May 2007 for the FA Cup Final.
In 2012, the stadium hosted the football finals of the 2012 Summer Olympics. In addition to national team matches, Wembley also hosts FA Cup semi-finals and finals, FA Super Cup matches, Football League Cup and Football League Trophy finals, and Football League playoffs. In 2011, the stadium took over. In 2013, Wembley again hosted the UEFA Champions League final. In addition to football, the stadium hosts rugby league and American football matches. Wembley also hosts concerts.
Stadium
The new Wembley was designed by architecture firms Foster and Partners and Populous. The Australian company Brookfield Multiplex was engaged in the construction, and the investors were Sport England, WNSL (Wembley National Stadium Limited), the Football Association of England, the Department of Culture, Media and Sports, as well as the London Business Development Agency. Wembley has become one of the most expensive stadiums in the world with construction costs of £ 798 million. The stadium also has the largest indoor seating capacity of any stadium in the world. Nathaniel Lichfield and Partners also contributed to the design documentation for the new Wembley.
The design of the new 90,000th Wembley is based on a bowl shape with a retractable roof. It can also be used as an athletic stadium: for this, the project provides for the possibility of erecting a temporary platform on the lower tiers. A distinctive feature of the stadium is a lattice arch with a circular cross-section with a diameter of 7 meters and a length of 315 meters, rising at a height of 133 meters. The arch supports the entire weight of the north roof and 60% of the retractable roof on the south side. The stadium arch is the longest unsecured roof structure in the world. Compared to the original Wembley's 39 steps leading to the royal box, the new stadium has 107 steps.
The stadium also has a platform system that can be activated if the stadium needs to be used for athletes' performances. Using this system, the stadium capacity will be reduced to 60,000 seats. To date, the new Wembley has not hosted a single athletic event.
Construction
The original plan for Wembley's renovation was to demolish the old stadium by Christmas 2000 and build a new one by 2003. However, due to financial and legal difficulties, the start of work was delayed. In 2004, the Mayor of London announced plans to renovate and rebuild the Wembley area, which include the renovation of the stadium and its surrounding areas, designed for two or three decades in advance.
On March 30, 2006, developers announced that Wembley would not be ready until 2007. The scheduled sports matches and concerts have been moved to other locations. On June 19, 2006, it was announced that the lawn was being laid at the stadium. On October 19, it was announced that the stadium would be commissioned in early 2007, as all disagreements between the FA and Multiplex have been resolved. The total cost of the stadium construction (including the reconstruction of the transport infrastructure) was £ 1 billion (about $ 1.97 billion).
Stadium opening
The new stadium was commissioned and handed over to the FA on March 9, 2007. The official website of the stadium reported that Wembley will be open to visitors on March 3, but in fact this happened 2 weeks later, on March 17.
Structure
Football field
The new soccer field is 4 meters (13 feet) lower than the old stadium. The pitch is 105 meters by 69 meters - a bit narrower than the old Wembley. Since the opening of the new Wembley, the quality of the pitch on the pitch has been criticized many times. Following the FA Cup semi-finals in April 2009, when the quality of the pitch at Wembley was criticized by Sir Alex Ferguson, Arsene Wenger and David Moyes, the FA admitted that the pitch needed to be improved. Since the opening of the stadium, the pitch has been changed several times before important matches.
March 2010 saw the tenth turf replacement since Wembley opened in 2007. In April of that year, the quality of the turf was again criticized after the FA Cup semi-finals. So, the players complained that it was difficult for them to stay on their feet on the lawn, despite the lack of precipitation. Tottenham Hotspur head coach Harry Redknapp called the pitch a "shame" after being defeated in the semi-finals by Portsmouth. At the end of the 2010 FA Cup Final, Chelsea captain John Terry stated: “The football field ruined the final. This is possibly the worst field I've played on this year. It's not good enough for Wembley. " The turf was replaced before the 2010 FA Super Cup match. Since then and now, Wembley has used Desso GrassMaster turf, which combines natural grass with artificial fibers. Michael Owen, who previously criticized Wembley's turf for being injured, said the pitch has improved significantly since then.
Roof
The roof area of the stadium is 40,000 m², of which 13,722 m² are movable parts. The main reason for using the retractable roof was to avoid shade on the football field, as the turf requires direct sunlight to grow effectively. Angus Campbell, the stadium's chief architect, also said his goal was to provide natural sunlight on the pitch for matches from early May to late June, from 3 pm to 5 pm when the FA Cup and World Cup matches are played. The retractable roof design minimizes shadows cast onto the football field as the roof can slide east, west and south. However, the complete absence of a shadow on the football field from 15:00 to 17:00 was not achieved in the FA Cup finals: for example, in the 2007 final, there was a shadow from the roof on part of the pitch, as noted by the BBC commentators.
The roof of the stadium is 52 meters above the level of the football field and is supported by an arch that is 133 meters above the level of the outer lobby. The arch is 315 meters long, making it the longest single-span roof structure in the world.
Music
Past concerts
| date | Artist (s) |
|---|---|
| June 9, 10, 2007 | George Michael |
| June 16, 17, 2007 | Muse |
| July 1, 2007 | Concert for Diana |
| July 7, 2007 | Live earth |
| July 8, 2007 | Metallica |
| 6, 7 June 2008 | Foo fighters |
| September 11, 2008 | Madonna |
| June 26, 2009 | AC / DC |
| 1, 3, 4, 5 July 2009 | Take that |
| July 9, 11, 12, 2009 | Oasis |
| 14, 15 August 2009 | |
| 18, 19 September 2009 | Coldplay |
| June 6, 2010 | Capital FM's Summertime Ball |
| June 19, 2010 | Green day |
| 10, 11 September 2010 | Muse |
| 30 June, 1, 2, 4, 5, 6, 8, 9 July 2011 |
Take that |
| June 22, 2013 | The killers |
| June 30, July 2 and 5, 2013 | Robby Williams |
| 6, 7, 8 June 2014 | One direction |
| June 21, 2014 | Miley Cyrus |
| 11, 12 July 2014 | Eminem |
| july 2015 | Ed Sheeran |
| 2, 3 July 2016 | Beyonce |
| 10 September 2016 | Billy Joel |
| 28, 29 June 2017 | Adele |
| 24 july 2017 | Electric light orchestra |
| June 1, 2, 2019 | Bts |
Football matches
The first match at the new Wembley was a game between the Multiplex teams and the stadium staff; it passed without spectators. The first official match with professional footballers at Wembley took place on 24 March 2007: it was a game between England and Italy youth team, which ended with a score of 3: 3.
On 19 May 2007, the new Wembley hosted the first FA Cup Final, where Chelsea beat Manchester United 1-0 in extra time. On June 1, 2007, England played its first match at the new Wembley in a friendly against Brazil.
On May 28, 2011, Wembley hosted the 2010/2011 UEFA Champions League final, in which Spanish Barcelona and English Manchester United played. In May 2013, Wembley again hosted the UEFA Champions League final, in which two German clubs met, Borussia Dortmund and Bayern Munich. This final took place only 2 years after the previous one in connection with the celebration of the 150th anniversary of the existence of the FA.
Since August 2016, Tottenham Hotspur have played their UEFA Champions League home games at Wembley. For the 2017/18 season, Tottenham will play all of their home games (league, national cups and European competition) at Wembley.
Notes (edit)
- Gates "Microsoft Becomes Wembley Stadium Backer(English). Forbes (20 October 2005).
- Wembley kick-off: Stadium is ready and England play first game in fortnight(English). Daily mail(9 March 2007).
- Belson, Ken New Stadium, a Football Palace, Opens Saturday With Lacrosse(English). The New York Times (8 April 2010).
- Projects: National stadium, Wembley(English) (unavailable link)... Nathaniel Lichfield and Partners. Archived September 14, 2007.
- Wembley stadium uses Archived September 24, 2010.
- Wembley arch due for completion(English). BBC News.16 February 2004.
- Guinness book of records 2006
- A beautiful new home for the beautiful game(English). Soccernet.espn.go.com (31 May 2006).
- London 2012. Football(English). InsideTheGames. Archived August 20, 2012.
- Stadium delay hits Wembley gigs(English). BBC News.31 March 2006.
- Footballing legend Bobby Moore returns to Wembley Archived March 9, 2008.
- Footballing legend Bobby Moore takes his place at Wembley(English). Wembley National Stadium. Archived June 30, 2007.
- Wembley "s Moore statue unveiled(English). BBC News.11 March 2007.
- Doors finally open at new Wembley(English). BBC News.17 March 2007.
- Presspack: Facts and Figures(English). Wembley National Stadium Limited. Archived May 16, 2008.
- Building Wembley: Construction facts(English). Wembley National Stadium Limited.
Mount Rainier Volcano is the most famous mountain in the United States. An amazing natural phenomenon that can be observed in these parts only in autumn and winter, it is at this time that the shadow from the mountain, breaking all our ideas, rushes into the sky. On sunny days, Mount Rainier can be clearly seen from a great distance, even from Oregon, Portland, Victoria and British Columbia. But during cloudy weather, during sunrises, or at sunset, the sun illuminates the mountain in such a way that a long shadow cast by the mountain can be observed in the sky. Such a rare and amazing natural phenomenon occurs thanks to the rays of sunlight, which magically " captures "Maun Rainier in its arms.
The area of the park is 953.5 km². On the territory of the park there is a stratovolcano called Rainier, the height of which is 4392 m. The volcano rises sharply above the surrounding territories; the height of the park varies from 490 to more than 1430 m above sea level. Rainier is the highest point in the Cascade Mountains and is surrounded by valleys, waterfalls, subalpine flowering meadows, relict forests and more than 25 glaciers. The volcano is often covered with clouds that pour out huge amounts of rainfall, often causing devastating flooding. The park has beautiful alpine meadows and about 370 km² of relict forests
About two million people visit Mount Rainier every year. It is said that one of the most dangerous volcanoes in the world is Rainier, a huge mountain, almost five-kilometer long, covered with glaciers on all sides, towers over three million inhabitants. Seattle and its surroundings. In terms of relative altitude, the volcano is even higher than Chogori, the second peak in the world. 40 glaciers of the volcano cover 91 km2. Seismologists are already warning of an imminent repetition of the eruption. The glaciers of the volcano are literally riddled with cracks, visible and invisible.
The last time the volcano was active for more than 150 years, but seismologists are already warning of an imminent repetition of the eruption. The glaciers of the volcano are literally riddled with cracks, visible and invisible, perhaps this is the result of the work of the warm air that the volcano emits. And at the very top, under the thickness of the glaciers, there is even a small lake.
Mount Rainier National Park is a US national park located in southeastern Pierce County and northwestern Lewis County in Washington state. The park was founded on March 2, 1899, the fifth in the United States. The area of the park is 953.5 sq. Km.
Mount Rainier or Mount Rainier, named after British Admiral P. Renier, has a height of 4392 meters, is a stratovolcano. It is the highest point of the Cascade Mountains, a large mountain range that originates in southern British Columbia and stretches across the US states of Washington and Oregon to northern California.
By the way, this is a dormant volcano, small eruptions of which were recorded in 1820-1854, there is also evidence of its volcanic activity in 1858, 1870, 1879 and 1894. According to the USGS, in the event of its eruption, about 150 thousand people could be in danger.
Mount Rainier Volcano is considered the most famous mountain in the United States. On sunny days, the summit is clearly visible on the horizon so that it can be seen even from Portland, Oregon, Victoria and British Columbia, which are located far enough from the mountain.
The main part of Mount Rainier is covered with pristine relict forests and picturesque alpine meadows. In the center of the park is the active Mount Rainier. Belonging to the type of stratovolcano (conical mountain formations composed of numerous layers of solidified lava), it rises above the park to a height of more than four thousand meters. Rainier is part of the Cascade Mountains system and is their highest point.
We all know that any object on our planet, be it large or small, casts a shadow. All that is needed for this is a source of light directed at this object. Can a shadow go into the sky? Maybe! And this amazing natural phenomenon can be observed in the state of Washington, 88 kilometers southeast of Seattle. It is there that Mount Reyeir casts its shadow not as is customary on the ground, but high into the sky ...
National parks in the United States are organized in such a way that you can find knowledge for yourself both for three hours and for a week, it all depends on the amount of free time.
The mountain is named after the British Admiral P. Renier.
If we consider Mount Rainier by zones, then up to an altitude of 2500 meters there are dense coniferous forests, then alpine meadows and above 2800 meters of eternal snow and glaciers, no less than forty in number and an area of 87 square kilometers. The largest Emmons glacier has an area of 14 square kilometers.
By the way, this is a dormant volcano, small eruptions of which were recorded in 1820-1854, there is also evidence of its volcanic activity in 1858, 1870, 1879 and 1894. According to the USGS, in the event of its eruption, about 150 thousand people could be in danger. Mount Rainier National Park was closed following severe flooding caused by heavy rains that hit the area on November 6, 2006. For 36 hours, 460 mm of precipitation fell. A very densely populated area near this mountain: Seattle and many other localities, Microsoft, Boeing and other large companies.
The Mount Rainer glaciers are the source of many rivers: Columbia, White River, Puyallupa and many others. This is how the riverbed has become shallow in recent years. This is a big problem.
On the territory of the park there is a stratovolcano called Rainier with a height of 4392 m. The mountain is the highest point in the Cascade Mountains, around it there are valleys, waterfalls, sub-alpine flowering meadows, old forests and more than 26 glaciers. The volcano is often covered with clouds that pour out huge amounts of rainfall, often causing devastating flooding.
All objects in the world, large and small, can cast shadows from themselves. Mountains can also. But there is one unusual mountain - it casts its shadow not on the ground, but on the sky. Scientists have recognized this phenomenon as one of the rarest.
Rainier or Mount Rainier is a stratovolcano in Washington state, whose height is 4392 m.It is the highest point of the Cascade Mountains (a large mountain range in western North America, originating in the southern part of the Canadian province of British Columbia and extending further through the American states of Washington and Oregon to northern California).
The mountain is named after the British Admiral P. Renier (British sailor, officer of the Royal Navy, later Admiral).
Mount Rainier or Mount Rainier
The dormant stratovolcano Mount Rainier is located 88 km southeast of Seattle in Pierce County, whose small eruptions were recorded in 1820-1854. There is also evidence of its volcanic activity: in 1858, 1870, 1879, 1882 and 1894. At the moment, according to the USGS, in the event of a strong eruption, about 150 thousand people of nearby settlements may be in danger.
Mount Rainier Volcano is considered the most famous mountain in the United States. On sunny days, the summit is clearly visible on the horizon so that it can be seen even from Portland, Oregon, Victoria and British Columbia, which are located far enough from the mountain. And in the early morning at sunrise, or in the evening at sunset, when there are many clouds, the sun illuminates the mountain from below, thus forming a long shadow in the sky.
Such an amazing and rare phenomenon occurs only during the fall and winter, when the sun rises in the place where Mount Rainier "captures" the first rays of sunlight.
Altitude - 4392 m (according to 1988 data - 14,411 feet), this is the highest point of the Cascade Mountains. The relative altitude is 4030 m, which is higher than that of Chogori, the second peak in the world (4020 m) in absolute height (8611 m). In clear weather, the summit is viewed from Portland (Oregon) and Victoria (Vancouver Island).
Rainier is a dormant stratovolcano, small eruptions were recorded in 1820-1854, but there is evidence of volcanic activity also observed in 1858, 1870, 1879, 1882 and 1894. Today, according to the USGS, in the event of a strong eruption, about 150 thousand people may be in danger.
On the slopes and glaciers of the Rainier are the sources of many rivers (basins of Puyallup, White River, Columbia). Up to an altitude of 2500 m, the volcano is covered with coniferous forests, higher - alpine meadows, higher than 2800-3000 m - glaciers and eternal snow. On the peaks there are 40 glaciers with an area of 87 km², the largest of which is Emmons (14 km²). The volcano and the surrounding area are protected, has the status of Mount Rainier National Park (953.5 km²).
Rainier or Tahoma?
Rainier is one of the tallest volcanoes and one of the richest mountains in the world with glaciers. Rainier is also a dormant volcano and the main attraction of the National Park.
In terms of relative altitude, Rainier is even higher than Chogori, the second peak in the world, and 40 glaciers on Rainier cover 91 square kilometers. kilometer. In combination with heated rocky areas, the ice on Rainier forms only this mountain landscape: ice passages and caves. One of these caves leads to a small lake, the highest in North America.
Many rivers originate from the generous Rainier Glaciers, among them the Puyallup and the White River. Because of the white cap, oozing rivers, Rainier has long been called the "mother of rivers" - Tahoma. But the very first European in America, who saw Tahoma in the distant American West, renamed the peak in his own way. It was Captain George Vancouver and he called the find "simple and tasteful" - he "gave" a huge mountain to his friend Peter Rainier.
This name stuck for a long time: the mountain officially named Rainier is still sometimes, even in publications and books, continued to be called Tahoma. The local population sometimes simply speaks of it - “mountain”. So obviously Rainier-Tahoma dominates the entire district. In clear weather, the high mountain can be seen from Portland and Vancouver Island.
If you look at the mountain from afar, its top seems to be cut off, perhaps by a long-standing powerful volcanic eruption. However, the vast summit explored nearby turns out to be far from flat. It has three craters and three peaks. The peaks are named: Liberty Dome, Columbia Crest and Success Peak. And three craters testify to the once violent activity of the volcano. Rainier was incomparably taller and larger. It is believed that the neighboring Little Tahoma peak was also once part of a large volcano.
The last eruptions of Rainier occurred in 1820-1854, signs of activity were recorded later. Rainier is therefore classified as a volcano not extinct but dormant. Residents of Washington state, meanwhile, not only settle near a dangerous neighbor, but also organized Mount Rainier National Park in its district. A picturesque volcano, berry-rich meadows on its slopes, rare trees and animals make this area quite suitable to be considered a park.
... - United States Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, 1993 .-- ISBN Resource Bulletin PNW-RB-197.
