Ultrasound is very often used by doctors to diagnose diseases of the pancreas. This instrumental research method is not very informative, but it is always available, in contrast to the more expensive CT and MRI. Often, patients who have undergone an ultrasound scan learn from the records in their outpatient card about diffuse changes in the pancreas. What does such a doctor's opinion mean?
What does the ultrasound say?
Ultrasound determines the structure of the abdominal organs, their shape, size, contours, parenchyma uniformity, the presence of cavities and other formations. The main sign of diffuse changes in the pancreas is an increase or decrease in its echogenicity. This means that it reflects ultrasonic waves stronger or weaker than the norm.
Diffuse changes in the pancreas are not a diagnosis, but the conclusion of a doctor of instrumental diagnostics. This is a symptom that is most often a sign of acute or chronic pancreatitis, as well as its consequences. Diffuse changes in the pancreas can be different, depending on the stage of the pathological process.
In acute pancreatitis on ultrasound, an increase in the size of the organ is observed, as well as a decrease in its echogenicity. In chronic pancreatitis, a decrease in density is determined without changing the contours of the organ. If the echogenicity is increased, such diffuse changes in the pancreas most often indicate a previous inflammatory process.
In rare cases, such changes can occur for other reasons:
- elderly age;
- transferred operations;
- violation of the blood supply to the parenchyma of the organ;
- diabetes;
- cystic fibrosis;
- pancreatic atrophy;
- siderophilia.
Fibrosis and lipomatosis
The presence of diffuse changes in the pancreas, determined by ultrasound, most often indicates a partial replacement of the organ parenchyma with connective tissue. After suffering chronic pancreatitis, due to alcoholism, smoking, unhealthy diet, healthy glandular cells die off. In their place, fibrous or adipose tissue forms.
The term "diffuse" itself tells us that the pathological process proceeds uniformly. It is not located in a single place, but throughout the parenchyma of the organ. With a clear localization of the seals, they speak of focal changes. They may indicate the presence of a cyst, tumor, calculus, or other formations.
They do not always cause diffuse changes in the pancreas. Sometimes fibrous tissue replaces large areas of organ necrosis. In this case, the change in the structure of the organ will be focal, and not diffuse. Same . If the adipose tissue grows in several places, and not throughout the parenchyma, the doctor will not detect diffuse changes in the pancreas on ultrasound.
Usually, focal changes are the result of acute pancreatitis. Sometimes a tumor from fibrous or adipose tissue is the cause. But in the overwhelming majority of cases, diffuse changes in the pancreas, manifested on ultrasound by an increase in the echogenicity of the organ, indicate fibrosis or lipomatosis due to chronic pancreatitis.
Is diffuse change good or bad?
Perhaps you learned from your outpatient card about diffuse changes in the pancreas. What to do? To be sad or happy? It depends on situation. If nothing hurts you, and diffuse changes in the pancreas have become an accidental finding of doctors when examining the abdominal organs, this is cause for grief.
But you can look at this situation in a completely different way, when the function of an organ is impaired, and you know about it. If you have a stomach ache, a broken stool, and after eating you feel nausea due to pancreatic insufficiency, you will get some kind of diagnosis anyway. And it is better to let the doctor of instrumental diagnostics see moderate diffuse changes in the pancreas on an ultrasound than a fibroma, cyst, calculus, bleeding or cancer.
An increase in organ density is not accompanied by unpleasant symptoms. It does not pose a threat to life and does not make a person disabled. The presence of diffuse changes in the pancreas does not require surgery, so this is good news for most patients. The doctor will only prescribe a diet and medications to treat the symptoms.
Treatment for pathology of the pancreas
Diffuse changes in the pancreas do not respond to treatment. It cannot be removed even with surgery. If a small area of the organ is changed, it can be removed. If dystrophic processes occur everywhere, a scalpel will not help. All you can do is ease the work of the remaining healthy cells in the organ and use drugs for symptomatic treatment.
With diffuse changes in the pancreas, digestive problems are often observed. The patient needs substitution therapy. Due to the production of an insufficient amount of pancreatic juice and enzymes, he feels pain and heaviness in the abdomen, nausea. He has no appetite. After eating, especially after eating fatty foods, diarrhea, intestinal cramps, and flatulence may occur.
By itself, a diffuse change in the pancreas cannot be cured, but it is possible to compensate for the exocrine insufficiency of the organ. This is done with the help of substitution treatment. The patient is prescribed in tablets, which are obtained from the pancreas of pigs or cows. Such treatment allows you to compensate for the lack of production of its own enzymes.
Diet is of no small importance for moderate diffuse changes in the pancreas. Meals should be fractional, but frequent. So the patient achieves the maximum reduction in the load on the organ affected by the pathological process. Limit fatty foods. To prevent the aggravation of the symptoms of pancreatic insufficiency, alcohol is also worth it.
Symptomatic treatment can be used. Pharmacies sell drugs that improve appetite, get rid of abdominal pain and nausea, and normalize stools. But this treatment only brings temporary relief. As soon as the effect of the pill ends, the stomach will ache again, and the nausea will return. Therefore, the greatest importance in the treatment of pancreatic pathology should still be given to diet and the use of enzyme preparations.
Attention! The articles on our website are for informational purposes only. Do not resort to self-medication, it is dangerous, especially for diseases of the pancreas. Be sure to consult your doctor! You can make an online appointment with a doctor through our website or find a doctor in the catalog.
To begin with, it is worth making out what it is: a diffuse change in the pancreas (DIPG). Such a process implies a change in the structure of an organ, that is, its densification or softening, often associated with the penetration of pathological cells into healthy tissues (for example, with fatty or fibrous replacement).
Causes of occurrence
In some people, such deviations are temporary, since they are associated with short-term negative effects on the organ. With regular exertion of a load on the pancreas, changes in its structure become more pronounced and become irreversible.
The reasons for such phenomena can be:
- frequent stress;
- unhealthy diet, an abundance of heavy fatty foods;
- alcohol abuse;
- smoking;
- unfavorable ecological situation;
- trauma;
- exposure to certain medications, self-medication;
- genetic predisposition, heredity;
- age-related changes;
- the impact of existing diseases.
Important! Under the influence of various negative factors, diffuse changes in the pancreas occur, which means the development of diseases such as pancreatitis, diabetes, fibrosis, etc.
Types of diffuse changes
In medicine, there is a classification of pathologies of this kind. The types of DIPG are divided according to the degree of distribution and the nature of the changes. First of all, it is worth highlighting the following varieties:
- Diffuse changes in the parenchyma. The parenchyma is the glandular tissue of the internal organs of the corresponding type. If the pancreas has abnormalities of this kind, it is most likely the cause is inflammation or endocrine pathology. But it is possible to exclude the presence of neoplasms in the tissues.
- CI of the structure of the gland. Uniform or diffusely heterogeneous changes in the structure of the pancreas occur. When examining a tissue sample under a microscope, its compaction or transformation of the degree of graininess is observed, which is not always a deviation from the norm.
- CI of the tail of the pancreas. About a quarter of all cases are associated with damage to the tail of the organ. Here are located fairly large blood vessels, and the problem may be related precisely to their blockage.
Another classification option involves the allocation of these types of pathology:
- Reactive ID. This is a consequence of other diseases of the gastrointestinal tract and the hepatobiliary system. The pathological process is secondary.
- Fibrous. The glandular tissue is gradually replaced by connective tissue, that is, scarring of the organ or adjacent areas occurs. Probably the development of a benign neoplasm - fibroids.
- Dystrophic. These are diffuse fatty changes in the pancreas, when healthy cells are replaced by lipoid cells, which leads to a decrease in the functional abilities of the organ.
Having clarified the type of problem, you can establish its possible causes and consequences, which will greatly facilitate the process of selecting a treatment.
Manifestation of pathology
In some cases, it is not easy to notice deviations in the initial stages, because symptoms may simply be absent. Moderate diffuse changes in the pancreas are characterized by a deterioration in the patient's well-being, but their signs can be mistaken for temporary digestive problems or ignored. Some people catch on when hospitalization is already required, but seeking help so late can lead to dire consequences.
Symptoms
Important! The manifestation of changes occurring in the tissue of the pancreas is mainly the symptoms of diseases that are associated with these processes. If there are no significant deviations from the norm, the person feels absolutely normal.
The first signs of diffuse changes in the pancreas appear as follows:
- heaviness in the epigastric region;
- nausea;
- stool disorders;
- decreased appetite;
- possibly lowering blood pressure and tachycardia.
Important! The manifestations of DIPG are most often similar to the standard symptoms of pancreatitis, since it is the inflammatory process that often accompanies such disorders.
Diagnostic signs
Based on superficial symptoms, it is impossible to reliably determine the diagnosis or at least the nature of the changes occurring in the organ. It is necessary to undergo a comprehensive examination, starting with the collection of anamnesis and ending with the detection of echographic signs of diffuse changes in the pancreas.
To find out the state of the organ, the doctor first of all palpates the abdominal region and the epigastric zone. A detailed questioning of the patient about his health and lifestyle will help to get closer to the diagnosis. Then a referral to undergo tests is necessarily issued:
- blood (general and biochemical);
- urine;
- feces;
- enzyme juices.
Hardware diagnostics consists in the use of an endoscope, an ultrasound apparatus, ERCP and a tomograph as indicated by a doctor. The most accessible and frequently used method is precisely an ultrasound examination.
Through ultrasound, it is possible to examine the contours and sizes of the gland, compare its structure with the liver and spleen. Deviations are cause for concern. Echoes of diffuse changes in the pancreas are described as decreased or increased tissue echogenicity. The following options are possible:
- increased echogenicity - overgrowth of connective or adipose tissue, thickening of the pancreas;
- lowering - the presence of an inflammatory process, the formation of cysts filled with fluid.
Treatment features
After clarifying the current state of the tissues of the organ and determining the possible causes of the pathology, the doctor explains how to treat diffuse changes in the pancreas. At the initial stages, in the absence of serious deviations from the norm, it is enough to adjust the lifestyle and switch to proper nutrition. In this case, a simple observation by a doctor is sufficient.
If discomfort arises, there are prerequisites for the development of inflammation, then not only strict adherence to the therapeutic diet No. 5 is required, but also the use of drugs. The patient can be prescribed enzyme agents, inhibitors of secretory function, anti-inflammatory drugs - it all depends on the specific situation.
Treatment of diffuse changes in the pancreas when replacing healthy tissue with pathological more than half, necessarily involves the appointment of enzymes, since the organ is not able to fully perform its functions. If insulin-producing cells are affected, appropriate injections are given.
Important! To prevent the spread of the process, surgical intervention may be required, which consists in resecting the damaged area.
Prophylaxis
With age, the likelihood of developing DIPH increases, but recently, among young people, such problems are also not uncommon. In order to avoid the degeneration of tissues of such an important organ, it is necessary to observe the following prevention rules:
- limit stress on the body;
- get enough rest and sleep;
- limit the consumption of fried, fatty, sweets and baked goods;
- eat regularly, according to the schedule;
- do not abuse alcohol;
- quit smoking;
- treat any diseases in a timely manner;
- check with your doctor regularly.
A prerequisite is maintaining a healthy lifestyle
If you do not overload your pancreas, monitor your diet and lead an active lifestyle, the risk of facing such problems decreases. Those who have a hereditary tendency to pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract should regularly undergo medical examinations in order to detect the disease early and quickly stop the process of tissue changes.
Such problems are identified with poor appetite, bitterness in the mouth, nausea, belching, gas and abdominal pain. After hearing the complaints, an experienced doctor will ask: is there still a fear of heights? In response to bewilderment, he will explain: the state of the pancreas affects the higher nervous activity of a person, he will guide and advise. If the conclusion contains an indication of diffuse (diffuse) changes in the pancreas, this means fixing the relative structural uniformity of the organ during ultrasound examination. This means - the absence of foci of changes: tumors, cysts, stones.
What are diffuse changes in the pancreas and their signs
Medicine interprets this as not a disease, but a fact observed on an ultrasound scan. ? It is located behind the stomach at the back of the abdominal cavity, partially in the left hypochondrium. The organ performs an exocrine function and synthesizes hormones. Diffuse changes in the gland are characterized through a decrease or increase in echogenicity - an indicator of the reflection of ultrasound at a certain density of the organ. In the early stages, the following are revealed:
- diffusely heterogeneous structure;
- uneven edges;
- tortuosity of the duct.
Diffuse changes in the pancreatic parenchyma
The destroyed tissue of the organ is capable of being replaced by scars and fat cells. Parenchyma is a set of the main functioning elements of the gland, changes in which affect its density. Heredity can turn into problems for a child. The cause of the disease of the pancreas lies in the hardening of the organ. With such an echo sign, its function is impaired. Diffuse pathology is provoked by:
- careless eating;
- craving for salty, spicy, fatty;
- bad habits;
- stress;
- age;
- chronic diseases.
Moderate diffuse changes
In most cases, such a pathology does not cause unpleasant symptoms, and does not need therapy. It is an even distribution of changes throughout the parenchyma. If there are complaints, the functioning of the pancreas, liver, gallbladder, and other digestive organs is checked. They are interrelated, and the symptoms of the disease for problems with these organs are similar.
By type of lipomatosis
The organ parenchyma can gradually be replaced by fat cells. As long as the substitution is kept up to the 30% level, the patient hardly feels any trouble. The growth of adipose tissue is associated with chronic inflammation, toxic lesions, and trauma. More often observed in people of the age, patients with diabetes mellitus. If the process progresses, this leads to disruptions in the functioning of the organ.
Treatment with folk remedies
Multiple pathology does not pose a threat to life, but it also does not respond to treatment. Only a small fragment of an organ can be removed. In other cases, the doctor prescribes a diet for diseases of the pancreas, drugs for the treatment of symptoms of the disease, replacement therapy (including enzymes). Traditional medicine has its own remedies - relieving the disease and gradually healing.
Attention! The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can diagnose and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.
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Diffuse changes in the pancreas
Unbalanced, inadequate nutrition is fraught with dangerous health consequences, including changes in internal organs.
The reasons for the disruption of their functioning are fibrotic processes, disruption of the endocrine gland, metabolism. Diffuse changes in the pancreas are not an independent disease, but a sign that indicates the presence of a pathology that requires immediate treatment.
The nature of organ changes can be determined using an ultrasound examination. This diagnostic method allows you to assess the uniformity of tissue microstructure. If a person has an organ enlargement, then we can say that there are diffuse changes in the parenchyma of the pancreas.
After diagnosis, the cause of the disorder should be identified, since the disease can only be cured by knowing the type, form of the disease that provoked the unpleasant symptom. But organ enlargement is also a sign of aging, which has nothing to do with disease.
Provoking factors, reasons
Hepatomegaly, diffuse changes in the liver and pancreas are manifestations of the following pathological processes:
- inflammatory diseases;
- fibrosis, lipomatosis caused by diabetes mellitus, siderophilia;
- surgical intervention;
- atrophic processes of the pancreas;
- antibiotic treatment;
- genetic predisposition;
- bad habits;
- obesity;
- unhealthy diet, which is expressed in the use of fatty, high-calorie and spicy foods.
There can be many reasons for organ changes. They occur under the influence of several factors, since a disease of one organ leads to disruption of the functioning of the whole organism. To avoid dire consequences and complications, you should immediately visit a doctor who will help you correctly diagnose the disease and prescribe adequate and effective treatment.
In each case, the patient is assigned a comprehensive diagnosis to determine why the patient's pancreas has increased or decreased. Ultrasound examination allows you to give a more complete clinical picture of the disease, as well as to identify the factor that provoked diffuse changes in the liver and pancreas.
If a person eats incorrectly, which means that the functioning of the intestinal tract fails, which entails dysfunction of the endocrine gland, which means that all internal organs of a person suffer. Therefore, a person may develop serious deviations and diseases of the internal organs of the abdominal cavity, which are accompanied by a change in their size.
Symptoms of diseases
Manifestations of changes are determined, first of all, by the main diagnosis, which is made by a specialist after a complete examination of the functioning of the body. Depending on the signs, the local therapist can diagnose the ailment that provoked the enlargement of the organ.
Pancreatitis: main manifestations
If a person has a serious disease - pancreatitis, then the clinical picture of pathological processes is as follows:
- damage to organ cells;
- the release of hormones involved in the breakdown of food into muscle tissue;
- digestion and destruction of cells, organ tissues by the released enzymes;
- poisoning by waste products, decay;
- constant pain in the abdomen, in the hypochondrium on the left side.
Diffuse changes in the pancreas lead to a worsening of the condition, which manifests itself in dizziness, pain, nausea, and gag reflex. In addition, the patient's blood pressure rises significantly, and the heartbeat also increases. The attack is accompanied by a long time and is severe. In this case, urgent intensive care, surgical intervention is required. The operation is extremely rare.
If pathological processes were provoked by chronic pancreatitis, then they are accompanied by edema. The progressive nature of the disease can lead to serious complications. The gland is reduced and acquires a heterogeneous, abnormal structure. Consequently, the pancreas begins to produce fewer enzymes, which affects the well-being of a person.
Signs of a digestive tract disorder are a constant feeling of heaviness, loss of healthy appetite, persistent problems with stool, which manifests itself in constipation or diarrhea. If in this case timely treatment is not followed, then over time, the patient's exacerbations will become more frequent, and the condition will worsen. In this case, the exacerbation will be accompanied by pronounced unpleasant, painful sensations.
Diffuse changes in the parenchyma of the liver and pancreas are a sign of fibrosis. The disease proceeds without any pronounced manifestations. But in the gland there are significant transformations. The glandular tissue of the organ is replaced by connective tissue, which significantly reduces the production of essential substances that are responsible for the breakdown of food in the stomach.
In addition, many hormones produced by the liver and pancreas, including lipase, amylase, and insulin, support normal metabolic function. A decrease in their number leads to serious violations. The signs of fibrosis in the initial form are almost identical to those of pancreatitis. The person begins to feel discomfort in the hypochondrium, nausea, and loss of appetite.
When the disease worsens or progresses, its symptoms become more serious. The patient quickly loses weight, he is constantly nauseous, problems with stool appear. Exhaustion of protein, carbohydrate reserves lead to intoxication and poisoning. If at this stage of the progression of the disease, the patient does not receive the correct treatment, then he may develop diabetes mellitus, since the production of insulin practically stops.
Manifestations of lipomatosis
Lipomatosis is characterized by the replacement of healthy tissue with fat. Such processes most often occur due to improper nutrition. If a person eats high-calorie foods, then this leads to obesity. Fatty tissues are unable to produce hormones and enzymes necessary for the digestive tract, which is a consequence of irreversible processes.
If the lesions of lipomatosis are limited, then the production of enzymes is compensated by other organs. With an uncontrolled exacerbation of the disease, healthy tissues begin to die off and are completely replaced by fatty ones. These areas have a compressive effect on the parenchyma, which is accompanied by constant and severe pain. Moreover, such processes completely disrupt the functioning of nearby internal organs.
Diagnosis
Signs of diffuse changes in the pancreas are individual in nature, which depends on the form and type of disease. Changes in the organ can be diagnosed independently by symptoms. If there are pains from the left side of the hypochondrium, gag reflexes, an unreasonable deterioration in health, then this is a good reason to seek medical help.
In case of suspicion of diffuse changes in organs, the doctor prescribes an ultrasound examination. It helps to determine the disease itself, its form and degree of damage. With it, you can view all the changes. The manifestations of pancreatitis according to the examination results are an increase in density, fuzzy contours with dark areas, which indicate hemorrhage or necrosis.
Also, a sign of pathological changes in the organs of the peritoneum are fluid and a decrease in echogenic listening, as well as the acquisition of a fuzzy contour of the organ and its uneven edges. Moderate diffuse changes in the pancreas are difficult to detect, since they are insignificant. But they manifest themselves in an increase in the organ, which entails inflammatory processes that need to be urgently treated.
If the disease is started, then ultrasound examination shows the presence of calcifications and neoplasms, which can develop into a tumor. If a person has fibrosis, then an ultrasound examination shows an increased compaction of the gland, but at the same time it retains its normal size. The least pronounced are the changes provoked by age-related changes and lipomatosis. Pathological changes are moderate. But this does not mean that they do not require treatment.
Treatment
Diffuse changes in the pancreas, the treatment of which is directly related to the form, nature and type of the disease, require a comprehensive diagnosis. Only after an ultrasound scan, the attending physician can prescribe drug treatment, which is aimed at correcting the underlying disease.
If the pancreas is diffusely heterogeneous, then this indicates acute pancreatitis. It is necessary to treat it with the help of relief of pain syndrome, therefore, non-steroidal drugs are used that reduce inflammatory processes. In the absence of the desired effect, narcotic analgesics are used. Treatment is carried out only in a hospital, since the patient's condition must be constantly monitored.
To relax the muscle muscles with spasms, antispasmodic drugs are prescribed. To reduce the production of hormones, digestive enzymes, atropine-based preparations are used. In addition, a cold compress is applied to the affected area. To eliminate pain and other symptoms of the disease, you must follow a certain diet. Fatty, salty and spicy foods are excluded from the diet. You can not drink alcoholic drinks, carbonated sweet water. Food should be light and steamed.
It is also not recommended to eat mushrooms, smoked foods, seasoned dishes. With the observance of the strictest diet, the progression of pancreatitis, fibrosis completely stops. The diet together with the treatment gives positive results after 2 weeks. The course of treatment can be extended or changed if there is no positive result.
ICD-10 classifies diffuse changes in the pancreas as a symptom accompanying pathological processes that are observed in the activity or diseases of this organ. This is the interpenetration of sick and healthy cells, which occurred under the influence of endogenous or exogenous factors. This phenomenon is detected when examining the pancreas for ultrasound.
Diffuse changes in the pancreas, expressed in a change in the natural structure of the organ, is a process in which diseased cells mix with healthy ones under the influence of certain negative factors. The process is triggered by diseases of the organ and is its symptom. The signs are general in nature, and are differentiated, depending on the stage of development of the pathology, and its pathogenic factors. General and widespread signs of the changes that have occurred appear in the form of vague signs that may initially cause a doctor to suspect a disease of any digestive organ. Fatigue, digestive disorders, dyspeptic symptoms and disturbances in the normal process of bowel movement will not say anything even to a gastroenterologist without additional research.
The negative process that provoked diffuse changes in the parenchyma (divided into lobules by the connective epithelium of specific pancreatic tissue) is manifested by complex symptoms, which forces the doctor to send the patient to the study of a vital organ. Features of the parenchymal tissue, and its specificity lies in the fulfillment of its functional purpose: the release of hormones and enzymes that are essential for the human body. Transformations occurring in parenchymal cells can start under the influence of variable factors inherent in its metabolic processes or external influences on the gland. If we are talking about focal changes, degeneration affected only some segments, but when it comes to diffuse ones, the whole organ will be affected, and the pathological modification has affected the entire endocrine gland.
The replacement of cells in the natural state with connective and lipid ones, and the gradual interpenetration of the degenerated and physiological cells of the parenchymal halo, suggests that pathological changes have begun in the organ under study, the main symptom of which is digestive disorders. The presence of negative changes in the pancreas is clearly demonstrated by:
- echogenicity, which is shown by the study of ultrasound (the degree of reflection of ultrasound from various types of tissue), which is higher, the more modified, dense cells;
- the absorption coefficient of radiation (it is higher in malignant neoplasms, and can give an idea of the nature of the transformations that have occurred);
- blurred outlines of the organ itself, indistinctly displayed on the screen;
- hemorrhage and fluid accumulation in the abdominal cavity;
- pain symptoms, manifested with the rapid passage of the painful process.
Signs of diffuse changes in the pancreas detected during an ultrasound study and indicated in its results are not an independent diagnosis, but only a statement of the fact that such a process is present.
Changes in the parenchyma could occur for various reasons and due to diseases of the gland itself or other organs of the digestive, hepatobiliary system (hepatomegaly, stones in the bile ducts), an unhealthy lifestyle, age-related degradation and the presence of a systemic disease.
Diagnostic measures
The main diagnostic method to establish the presence of diffuse changes is ultrasound. The data obtained with the help of ultrasound is the reason for the initial conclusions about the presence of a pathological process. To confirm the assumptions, a number of diagnostic measures are carried out, in which laboratory and hardware diagnostic methods are used. Hardware methods include endoscopy of the pancreas, endoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract, computed tomography, ERCP, endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography, without which a complete study of the hepatobiliary system is impossible. To obtain other objective data, it is necessary to conduct a blood test, (general and biochemical), feces and urine. The main goal of the set of diagnostic measures is to determine the amount of enzymes and glucose in the blood, and to make the main diagnosis, which led to tissue modifications in the organ.
How to cure diffuse changes in the pancreas?
Treatment of changes in the pancreas and liver is determined by the nature of the pathology, which led to the progression of cell degeneration and the stage of development of the main provoking factor.
Medical tactics are determined on the basis of the diagnostics carried out and the obtained objective data, which serve as the basis for setting a reliable diagnosis. The main diseases causing changes in the parenchyma are:
- acute pancreatitis;
- chronic pancreatitis;
- spasmodic smooth muscles of the ducts of the gland;
- sclerosis of the pancreatic parenchyma;
- fibrosis of the pancreas;
- lipomatosis.
Each individual pathological process has its own principles of therapeutic management and surgical removal of negative signs.
Acute pancreatitis
There is a whole range of measures to eliminate pain syndrome, start natural mechanisms of self-healing and relieve functional load. Medication is used (homeostasis correction, antibiotics, administration of inhibitors and painkillers), diet therapy. In certain cases, surgery is also indicated, for which there must be prerequisites: the presence of calculi in the bile ducts, necrotic areas or abscesses, abnormal accumulation of fluid. Conservative therapy and inpatient treatment allow the disease to be brought into remission, but there is no final healing.
Chronic pancreatitis
The patient is prescribed a strict diet, through the use of medicines, permanent pain syndrome is eliminated, the level of enzymes rises and the inflammatory process is stopped. The restoration of normal digestion and the start of regeneration of the affected tissues depend on the stage of development of chronic pancreatitis.
Spasmodic smooth muscles of the ducts of the gland
For treatment, moderate antispasmodics like no-shpa, atropine to reduce the level of enzyme production, cryotherapy (applying cold at the place of pain) are used.
Sclerosis of the pancreatic parenchyma
The main therapeutic method is the normalization of metabolism, which is carried out by prescribing enzymes, correcting the diet and introducing certain components necessary to restore functionality. The etiological factors that caused the pathology are eliminated.
Pancreatic fibrosis
The production of proteins is stimulated and the consumption of carbohydrates is limited, the reasons that contributed to the progression of fibrosis (alcoholism, papillostenosis, blockage of the biliary tract or bladder with calculi) are excluded.
Lipomatosis
A significant proportion of medical measures are taken to treat the underlying disease, which may be diabetes mellitus, hepatitis, or thyroid disease. It is recommended to quit bad habits, correct weight, switch to a proper diet and treat the digestive organs.
Diet for diseases of the pancreas
Permitted products include dairy and fermented milk, low-fat meats and fish, vegetable dishes, and cereal dishes. You should simply forget about alcohol, sour, spicy, fried, smoked, containing preservatives and stabilizers. Diet is the only way not only to keep the body in good condition, but also a way to prolong life.
Folk remedies
To facilitate and stabilize the condition, recipes from natural herbal ingredients, restriction of the diet, restorative procedures, and specific recommendations using non-traditional means are used.
