According to the Constitution, the capital of Montenegro is the city of Cetinje. But most of the administrative administrative buildings are located in the city of Podgorica. Today, it is here that the official capital of the country is located.
In the last century, this beautiful town on the banks of the Moraca was called Titograd, in honor of the leader of Yugoslavia, Josip Broz Tito. It was during the times of Yugoslavia that the city became the de facto capital of Montenegro.
It is located just a few kilometers from the Adriatic in the picturesque Skadar Basin. As Wikipedia informs, the cultural, economic and political life of the region is concentrated here, the main transport arteries of the country pass, and the airport functions.
History
The first people settled in these parts in the Stone Age. Ancient Illyrian tribes lived here. The foundation of the city was an ancient Roman settlement, and in the 5th century a Slavic state arose with the main city of Ribnica.
The twentieth century brought rapid development to the republic in the spheres of industry, construction, and national culture. During the Second World War it was under fascist occupation.
Liberated by Soviet troops in 1944, Montenegro followed the socialist path of development. The whole region was transformed, Podgorica was rebuilt, an international airport appeared.
The mild warm climate, fertile soil, rich vegetation have always attracted people to this region. Podgorica knows no snow. The summer heat has been there for almost 5 months. Summer temperatures peak at 44 degrees. In winter, freezing temperatures are extremely rare. The Mediterranean climate is characterized by the proximity of the sea.
Wikipedia testifies that 60% of the total population of the region lives in the city of Podgorica. These are Montenegrins, Serbs, Albanians. The hostilities at the end of the last century brought the region's industry into decline. But gradually enterprises are recovering and adapting to market relations. Investors appear who are investing in the development of the region. The tourism business is booming.
Architecture
During 5 centuries of Turkish rule, many buildings in the Turkish style were built in the city. Narrow cobbled streets, mosques and natural stone clock towers are all found in the old districts. The Sahat-Kula mosque tower is a historical monument of that time.
During the time of Broz Tito, the cities of Montenegro began to be built up with Soviet "Khrushchevs". Many of them are still found in some areas. Modern quarters are overgrown with European-style residential buildings and offices. Parks, squares, squares adorn the city.
- An outstanding project was the Millennium Bridge, which connected the banks of the Moraca River. The stylish sloping beams are reminiscent of the leaning Leaning Tower of Pisa. The length of the bridge is 140 meters.
- The Cathedral of Christ's Sunday is a majestic church for the Orthodox.
- Monuments to V. Vysotsky and A. S. Pushkin testify to the cultural kinship of the two Slavic peoples.
Culture and education
The University of Montenegro is a state higher educational institution that has branches in some cities of the republic. In addition, special education can be obtained at the Montenegrin Academy of Sciences and Arts. Children study in 44 schools and gymnasiums.
The cultural traditions are preserved by the national theater. There are theaters for children in the city. The national library contains old books and historical documents.
In the museums of Podgorica, artifacts of the history of the region, the life of the indigenous population are collected. There are ethnography and nature museums. The former royal palace is open to visitors.
The history of Montenegro is a story about the struggle of a freedom-loving people for the independence of their homeland against the Turks and fascists. The heroic epic is full of legends about heroes.
Podgorica is becoming a modern European city and a transport hub. The railway station connected it with the cities of Bar, Shkoder, Belgrade. Highways go to Serbia, Bosnia, Albania, and the Adriatic. A few kilometers from the city there is an international airport that connects Montenegro with the European capitals, Moscow.
Cetinje
The monastery was protected from enemies by mountains. The fortress was constantly besieged by the Turks and became a stronghold in the fight against them. Public secular buildings - a hotel, a hospital, the palace of the first king of Montenegro - appeared at the end of the 19th century.
In 1946, Podgorica became the country's main city. But grateful Montenegrins honor the historical significance of their former capital, and in the Constitution Cetinje is called the capital, and Podgorica is the main city. The State Archives and the Institute for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage are located in Cetinje. The town of Cetinje itself is more like a picturesque village.
In the vicinity of Cetinje there is a historical site associated with the struggle for liberation from the Turkish yoke. This is Mount Lovcen. At the top of the mountain there is a chapel in which one of the princes of Montenegro is buried. A park of the same name is laid out at its foot - a monument of garden art.
The mountain itself is notable for the fact that 1150 plant species grow on its slopes. From every turn of the road to the top, a stunning view of the surroundings opens up almost from a bird's eye view.
- a state in Southern Europe, located on the Balkan Peninsula. In the southeast it borders on Albania, in the south it is separated from Italy by the Adriatic Sea, in the west it has borders with Croatia and Bosnia and Herzegovina. The length of the sea coast of Montenegro (including the Malent Islands) is 293.5 km.
The name comes from the toponym Black Mountain.
Official name: Montenegro (Crna Gora).
Capital: Podgorica
The area of the land: 13 812 sq. km
Total population: 620 K people
Administrative division: Montenegro is divided into 21 communities.
Form of government: Republic.
Head of State: The president.
Population composition: 57% are Montenegrins, 30,% are Serbs, 7.77% are Bosnians, 3% are Albanians, 1% are Russians, 0.42% are Roma.
Official language: Montenegrin. Serbian, Croatian, Bosnian and Albanian are also recognized as official languages.
Religion: 74.24% are Orthodox, 17.74% are Muslims, 3.54% are Catholics.
Internet domain: .me
Mains voltage: ~ 230 V, 50 Hz
Country dialing code: +382
Country barcode: 389
Climate
Montenegro has a Mediterranean type of climate characterized by dry and hot summers and cool winters with abundant rainfall. Despite the fact that the territory of the country is small, 4 climatic regions can be distinguished here: the coast, the rocky plateau, the plain and the highlands.
A narrow strip, 2-10 km wide along the coast of Montenegro, bears the most pronounced features of the Mediterranean climate. Summer is hot there (the average daily temperature in July is 28..30 C), and there is little precipitation (25-50 mm per month). The rainy period lasts from November to January, at this time 170-260 mm falls per month, in the north of the coast there is 1.5 times more precipitation than in the south. The average monthly temperature at night in January does not drop below 4..5 C, and in the daytime 11..13 C. A negative temperature is not observed every year. The swimming season lasts 5 months from the end of May to October, the water temperature is 20 ... 25 C.
A rocky plateau separates the coast from the inland regions of the country. It receives the largest amount of precipitation in Europe, as its southwestern slopes trap the moist air coming from the sea. Thus, in the village of Krivosie, located above the Bay of Kotor, 480 mm of precipitation was recorded per day. In the town of Crkvice, the maximum annual rainfall was 5155 mm, and in the cultural capital of the country, Cetinje, located on the plateau near Mount Lovcen, the maximum average annual rainfall (3927 mm / year). Just like on the coast, precipitation in summer is noticeably less (60 - 80 mm in July), and the rainiest month is November (500 - 700 mm).
The difference in altitude between the coast and the plateau is on average 1000 m, and the height of some peaks reaches 1700 m. Therefore, in summer it is cooler here than on the coast, the average daytime temperature in July varies from 23 to 27 C depending on the altitude. In winter, the average temperature at night is -3 ..- 5 C, and in the daytime 5..8 C. Snow usually falls in December and lasts until mid-March.
The plain is protected by a rocky plateau from the direct influence of the Adriatic Sea, therefore it is hotter here in summer than on the coast (average daytime temperature in July is 30..32oС), and in winter it is cooler: on average 0..3oС at night and 9..11oС during the day. Precipitation occurs mainly in autumn and winter. In July there is 30 - 60 mm of precipitation, and in November 250 - 300 mm.
The climate of the high mountainous regions is subalpine. In winter, the average temperature at night is -6 ..- 9 C, and in the daytime 0..3 C, but it decreases with height. Snow usually falls at the end of November and lasts until the end of March. Precipitation occurs evenly throughout the year, with a maximum in November (it can fall from 100 to 300 mm per month, depending on the orientation of the slope). Summers are cool, the average daytime temperature is 19-23 C (high in the mountains it can be colder!), And 8-10 C at night.
Best time to visit:
For a beach holiday, July and August are best suited - the hottest, driest and sunniest months. In September, when the sea is still warm, and the main wave of tourists has already subsided, you can also have a great rest at the sea. Diving, windsurfing, paragliding and other sports, as well as sights can be practiced almost all year round, except November-December. You can safely go on a trip to the mountainous regions from April to October. The ski season lasts from December to March.
Geography
Montenegro is a small country located in the southwestern part of the Balkan Peninsula on the Adriatic coast. Its area is only 13.8 thousand km2. Nevertheless, on the territory of the country, 4 different natural and climatic regions can be distinguished: coastal, plateau, highlands and plain, overlooking the Skadar Lake.
In the west, Montenegro borders with Bosnia and Herzegovina, on the coast - with Croatia, in the north and northeast - with Serbia, and in the east - with Albania. From the south, it is bounded by the Adriatic Sea; the length of the coastline is about 300 km. The length of the beaches is 73 km, of which 56 km are sandy beaches.
The coast of Montenegro, only 2-10 km wide, is sandwiched between the sea and a rocky plateau that abruptly drops off to it. In Montenegro, one of the best harbors in Europe is located - the Bay of Kotor (juts into the coast for more than 20 km), consisting of several spacious bays, connected by narrow channels. For a long time, there was a belief that the bay is a fjord, but now it is believed that the Bay of Kotor is the remains of a river canyon that once existed here. Strong tectonic and karst processes led to its gradual destruction.
A karst plateau rises above the coast, the terrain here is harsh, but beautiful in its own way. The rocks dry up quickly: even the strongest annual rainfall cannot significantly moisten the soil, so there are few plants and animals here. Rare areas of fertile land are found only on small plains and crater-like depressions. The Lovcen National Park is located here.
The basin of Lake Skadar, the fertile plain of the Zeta River, the Belopavlitskaya plain and the Niksic field constitute a flat area with a height difference of 350 m. The main part of the population of Montenegro lives in the plain area. Here are the two largest cities of the country - Podgorica and Niksic, as well as the National Park "Skadar Lake".
In the north of the country, northeast of the Piva, Komarnitsa and Moraca rivers, there is a highland region. In the highlands, 4 large mountain ranges can be distinguished: Visitor, Durmitor and Komovi (they form the Dinari Highlands) and Prokletie (Cursed Mountains). The height of the peaks reaches over 2000 m above sea level. The highest point of Montenegro - Mount Bobotov Kuk (2522 m) is located in the Durmitor massif.
In the highlands there are pastures and forests, numerous mountain lakes. The rivers Piva, Tara, Moraca and their tributaries cut narrow canyons with steep banks in the rocks. The Tara River Canyon is the largest in Europe and the second in the world, its depth reaches 1300 m. There are also two national parks in this region - "Biogradska Gora" and "Durmitor".
Flora and fauna
Vegetable world
The flora of Montenegro is very rich, despite the harsh conditions in the mountainous regions that occupy most of the country. Here, only 0.14% of the territory of Europe, 2833 species of plants grow, which is almost a quarter of the species of European flora. On the coast you can find olive and fruit groves, cypresses, palms and grapes. However, most of the coastal cliffs are covered with maquis - dense thickets of evergreen shrubs typical of the Mediterranean.
Higher in the mountains there are oak and coniferous forests. The Belasitsa mountain range, where the Biogradska Gora national park is located, is covered with mixed forest. There are 86 species of trees, including spruce, fir, beech, elm, oak, maple and even mountain ash. Alpine edelweiss, which have become rare, grow in the mountains, as well as mountain cornflowers and violets, such vegetation is characteristic of the belt of alpine meadows.
In the area of another national park "Skadar Lake", the area is completely different. The main part of its coast is swampy, overgrown with reeds, and the surface of the lake is covered with a carpet of yellow and white water lilies. Many types of vegetation are endemic, i.e. found only in this area.
Animal world
The fauna of Montenegro is also rich. Wolves, bears, and foxes are among the predators in mountainous areas. Deer, fallow deer, chamois, wild goats, hares and ground squirrels serve as prey. Wild boars are found in the valleys. Several hundred species of fish are found in the Adriatic Sea, including sea bass, mullet, red mullet, as well as shrimp, lobster, octopus.
The rivers are rich in trout, perch, carp, catfish, carp and pike. There are 50 species of fish in Skadar Lake, the local population mainly trades bleak and carp. In addition, Lake Skadar is a permanent or temporary habitat for 270 bird species. Here you can see colonies of pelicans, cormorants, herons and black ibises. The lake attracts bird watchers from all over the world.
sights
Many historical and cultural monuments have survived on the territory of Montenegro, and most of them, despite the numerous wars that swept through this land, are in excellent condition. Hundreds of medieval monasteries and ancient cities, dozens of balneological resorts, unique natural complexes of the southern part of the Balkans, tens of kilometers of beaches of the Montenegrin Riviera, good-natured and friendly people - this is not a complete list of the advantages of this country.
Montenegro and in the time of the united Yugoslavia was the main tourist region of the country. Due to the varied relief, the purest mountain rivers, the warm sea (which, by the way, is considered the cleanest in Europe), the luxurious coastline (the length is 290 km, the beaches are 73 km, and 56 km of them are sandy, which is quite rare for this region), excellent climate and the status of a European ecological park, this tiny country is one of the recognized centers of tourism in Europe.
Banks and currency
Monetary unit - euro (coins of 1, 2, 5, 10, 20, 50 euro cents, 1 and 2 euros; bills of 5, 10, 20, 50, 100, 200, 500 euros).
The National Bank of Montenegro works from Monday to Friday (10: 30-14: 00). Commercial banks work from 08:00 to 19:00, on Saturdays - from 08:00 to 13:00, Sunday is a day off. On weekends, you can use exchange offices. There are many ATMs in Montenegro, through which you can carry out transactions with foreign currency. ATM machines are installed in banks, airports and in some hotels. Some shops and hotels accept credit card payments. You can always find several employees in the bank who speak English or Russian.
Useful information for tourists
Montenegrins are extremely tolerant of manifestations of interethnic differences, even to the issue of interethnic conflicts in the Balkans. But talking about politics or the collapse of the SFRY is not recommended.
The crime rate is low. The police harshly suppress any manifestations of deception of foreign tourists, but at the household level there are frequent cases of petty fraud or an allegedly suddenly appeared language barrier, so you should be especially careful when discussing financial issues and never give money in advance, before providing a service.
Tipping in restaurants is generally 5% of the bill.
For drinking it is better to use mineral or bottled water.
The price level in the country is rather low, but it differs markedly depending on the location. In coastal areas, everything is about 25% more expensive.
Montenegro is a small country on the Balkan Peninsula with a beautiful Adriatic coastline. It borders on Croatia(14 km), Bosnia and Herzegovina(225 km), Serbia(203 km) and Albania(172 km). The length of the coastline is 300 km, of which 73 km Are beaches.
There is little confusion with the capitals in Montenegro. In the entire history of the country, 2 cities had this status: Cetinje and Podgorica... Today the official and cultural capital is Cetinje... The president and the metropolitan live here. And business and political - Podgorica, since all the administrative offices remained here.
Capital |
Cetinje (official and cultural capital), Podgorica (main city) |
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Population |
625 266 (2011) |
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Population density |
50 people / km² |
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Montenegrin |
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Religion |
orthodoxy |
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Form of government |
republic |
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Timezone |
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International dialing code |
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Domain zone on the Internet |
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Electricity |
Conventionally, the territory of Montenegro is divided into 3 parts: the coast, a more or less flat central part, where the largest cities Niksic and Podgorica are located, as well as the mountainous part in the east of the country.
The Montenegrin language was officially recognized in 2007. Prior to that, it was considered a form of Serbian. Montenegrins will understand you equally well in both English and Russian.
The overwhelming majority of the population is of the Orthodox faith. The rest are only 0.1%.
The main part of the economy in Montenegro is tourism. But besides this, such types of industries as electrical engineering in Cetinje, shipbuilding and repairs in Bar and Bijela, ferrous metallurgy in Niksic and others are also developed at a high level. The cultivation of tobacco, the processing of aluminum and the extraction of salt are also important.
Climate and weather
Climatic zones in Montenegro, as well as conditional territorial parts, - 3. In the north, a temperate continental climate prevails. Here snow can lie for up to 5 months a year.
On the Adriatic coast, the climate is Mediterranean. Summers are dry and hot with average temperatures + 23 ... + 25 ° C... Winter is also warm, mild and rainy. The temperature rarely drops below 0 ° С and on average reaches + 7 ... +9 ° C... The hardened beach season begins in mid-May. The height is in July and August and lasts until the end of September.
In the continental part of the country, the climate is more temperate. Temperature differences in winter and summer are more pronounced here. Summer is hot and dry, average temperature + 26 ... + 28 ° C, but on especially hot days, the thermometer can rise up to +40 ° С. There is almost no rain in summer. In winter, the temperature drops to + 5 ... + 7 ° С, there may be frosts at night.
In the mountains, as expected, quite cold, snowy winters (-7 ... -8 ° C), and relatively warm summers (about +20 ° C). Ski resorts open the season from the beginning of December. It lasts until the end of March.
Nature
In Montenegro, in this small European country, you can see magnificent natural contrasts. It is located in one of the most beautiful places on the Mediterranean coast. Here pebble beaches alternate with sandy ones, coniferous trees coexist with perennial olives, acacias and palms, and small sea bays with clear water cut into mountain ranges.
As for the rivers, 52% of them belong to the Black Sea basin, the rest belong to the Adriatic. The largest rivers are Container(144 km) and Lim(123 km). A significant part are mountain rivers, which create very deep canyons. For example, the Tara River canyon, 1200m deep, is the deepest in Europe and the second in the world.
Skadar lake(369.7 km²) - the largest in Montenegro. Also on the territory of the country there are 29 more reservoirs, all of them mountain and glacial origin.
Most of the territory (41%) is covered by forests. The flora is very rich and has 2833 plant species. Montenegro, according to the Constitution of the Republic, is an "ecological state". Here 8.1% of the land is under various environmental protection regimes.
sights
A large number of monuments have survived in Montenegro. The business capital of this small country Podgorica- is unique in that it is located at the confluence of 5 rivers. Unfortunately, the city was almost completely destroyed during the Second World War. Of the historical monuments, only a few buildings of the 17th-19th centuries have survived here. and an old Turkish fortress.
Cetinje- the cultural capital of Montenegro. It can truly be called a city-museum. Since its foundation (XIII century), this ancient city has accumulated attractions. Among them:
- the mausoleum of Peter Njegos, the great poet and philosopher;
- National Gallery - "Vladin's House";
- Palace of King Nikola I.
The holy place is Cetinje monastery, where the metropolitan lives. The right hand of John the Baptist is also kept here.
Kotor Is the pearl of Montenegro. This city is included in the UNESCO register and is part of the World Heritage Site. Many historical monuments are concentrated here:
- Cathedral of Saint Trypun;
- Clock tower;
- princely palace;
- palaces of Drago and Grubonia;
- Pima and Gergurin;
- Church of St. Anne, Virgin of Health;
- theater of Napoleon.
In addition, various festivals are constantly held in Kotor.
It is impossible not to say about Budva... This city is surrounded by ancient fortress walls, there are many churches and monasteries. The ruins of medieval Dukli are impressive.
Nutrition
Due to its location and rich history, Montenegrin cuisine has become very diverse. It has absorbed the traditions of Italy (cooking cheese, meat, bread, wine), Turkey (pita - bread cake, dolma, pilaf, coffee traditions), Hungary (goulash), Europe (jams).
Meat dishes are considered traditional. You should definitely try here "h evapcici"- minced meat sausages," liver»- meat fried on a spit and much more.
Montenegrins are very fond of cheese. There is a great variety of it here. These are different " rocked», « kachamak», « sienichki», « lipsky" and " zlatibor", As well as feta cheese from cow and sheep milk.
Vegetables are always served on the table, be it breakfast, lunch or dinner. This can be either a regular snack or independent meals. For example, stuffed peppers, "sarma" (cabbage rolls) and a huge number of recipes.
In coastal areas, fish dishes are common, for example “ riblya chorba"- ear or" caretaker»- carp baked in cream.
The most famous of the desserts is “ gibanitsa"- a pie with curd filling.
Coffee in Montenegro is consumed in huge quantities. Of the wines, the visiting card of the country is considered “ Crnogorski vranac”, Which exists in many varieties. The world famous grape moonshine stands out from the stronger drinks " rakiya" or " lozovach».
Accommodation
Montenegro has plenty of options and options for accommodation, from campgrounds to private apartments.
The most common type of accommodation is, of course, hotels. True, there are no places of the highest category, but this makes the rest more affordable. The condition of the hotels depends on the owner. State-owned buildings were built around 1970-1980, so they resemble Soviet sanatoriums. However, the prices are more affordable. In private hotels, the service is higher, there are both swimming pools and gyms. But even in them there are not so many rooms with good furniture, comfort and service. Hotels can be booked in advance by yourself. A room in a fairly good hotel will cost less than 100 € .
The second most popular accommodation option is private apartments and apartments. This option is cheaper and does not require prior booking. Locals offer such apartments to tourists right at the train stations.
Camping sites are common in the south of the country. They can be for 10-15 people, and for 200. There can also be big differences in the level of hygiene: from the most primitive washbasins to modern bathrooms.
Entertainment and recreation
You can relax in Montenegro both actively and calmly. There is 170 beaches different types: pebble, sandy, with a rocky coast. They are several kilometers long and only a few hundred meters long. There are beaches right under the windows of hotels, and there are remote and deserted ones. Some are isolated and located in bays, while others go directly to the open sea.
There is a wide variety of outdoor activities in Montenegro. Climbers and mountaineers can try their hand in the mountains. Mountain rivers are ideal for rafting. Officially it is offered at river Tara... A session can last up to 15 hours.
The sea in Montenegro is calm in places, while in other areas it is rough and therefore perfect for surfing. Sailing is gaining momentum.
In Montenegro, there is something to see under water. There are more than 400 species of fish, a large number of sunken ships. The city is especially popular for this type of recreation Bar... Forest roads are suitable for hiking, horseback riding, cycling tours. Ski resorts open in winter. The main ones are Zabljak and Kolashin.
Montenegrins love to host all kinds of festivals. February is the time of carnivals. In the town Herceg Novi at the beginning of this month, the mimosa festival is held. A big music festival takes place in Budva in the summer.
Purchases
Super- and hypermarkets cannot be found in Montenegro. But there are many small shops and even vans. True, it is not always possible to find what you need here. The most convenient are self-service stores (" Self-servant"). They are open until late and you can find almost anything there. Prices are almost the same everywhere.
There are kiosks at every step ( trafike), where you can buy ice cream, newspapers, telephone cards, drinks.
Closer to the beach, there is a trade in everything in the world: sunglasses, bathing accessories, cosmetics, cigarettes (which are not cheaper than in stores). However, all this is of dubious origin.
Markets are similar to Belarusian and Russian. Here you can bargain. Fresh (sometimes just caught fish) and fruits directly from the garden prevail on the coast.
Textiles in Montenegro are different. The one that is cheap and sold at every turn is usually Turkish or Chinese and does not differ in quality. Branded goods are offered in boutiques, which are few in number and are expensive.
The best souvenirs are considered to be wine, rakia, cheese, ham.
Transport
Montenegro is a small country that can be traveled by car in 1-2 days. The state of the roads in the republic leaves much to be desired. There may even be no road signs. However, on mountain slopes, the coverage is good enough. The capital is connected to the coast by 2 highways: one goes to Budva through the pass, and the second goes along the Skadar Lake, and then along a steep serpentine through the mountains goes down to the sea.
The speed limits in Montenegro are as follows: in settlements - up to 40 km / h, outside settlements - up to 80 km / h. On highways, the speed limit is up to 100 km / h.
You can rent a car at Podgorica airport and in many major cities. It is best to arrange a rental for at least 5 days.
The most developed form of transport is the bus. In addition to routes on the coast, there are also short, intracity routes. Minibuses run along the coast.
Rail transport is not developed. There are only 2 directions here: Podgorica-Niksic and Bar - Podgorica - Bijelo Polje (then follows outside the country, to Belgrade). The ticket prices are very low.
There are many taxis near the airports. Here you will need to pay for turning on the meter and the established limit for each kilometer. There are also many private taxi drivers who are ready to take you to your destination or arrange a full day excursion.
Connection
There are several ways to use the Internet in Montenegro.
The first is ADSL T-COM. Connection costs 5 €. Monthly payment - 20 €. Speed 2 GB / s, no traffic limits.
Secondly, the 3G modem. It does not work quickly everywhere, it depends on the location. The cost of the modem is 29 € + 5 € per room + 25 € for each 2 GB of traffic.
Third, cable Internet. In this country, this species is not very well developed. This is due to the fact that in Montenegro there are mainly one- and two-story houses, therefore, the costs of laying the cable are high.
And finally, WIMAX M-TEL. Today it is the most popular way to access the Internet. Works well, stable connection. Connection takes place within 1 day. You will need to pay 200 € for the connection. The cost of a month of the Internet is 15 €.
The major mobile operators in Montenegro are MoNet GSM and Pro Monte. It will be beneficial for tourists to buy a local SIM card, then all incoming calls will be free. You can top up your balance using express payment cards, which are sold everywhere.
You can also make a call from a pay phone using Monte Cards. They are sold at kiosks and post offices. Such a call will cost less than from a hotel, and the quality of communication will be higher. There are vending machines in the resort areas that accept credit cards.
Montenegro is considered a fairly safe country. You can safely walk here even in the dark. However, you need to be careful not to fall prey to pickpockets. Violent crime is extremely rare.
Security
In Montenegro, they treat women like a knight, and foreign tourists will always come to the rescue.
It is not worth photographing police officers, police cars and police stations.
Traffic rules are followed very strictly here.
It is necessary to drive only with the dipped headlights on (fine - € 30), fastened (fine € 15), the driver must not speak on the phone (fine € 20), you cannot overtake after a prohibitory sign and cross a solid line (fine from € 50 to € 150 ). It is imperative to monitor the speed: on the highway - no more than 90 km / h, in settlements - up to 60 km / h.
If the fine was nevertheless issued, then it must be paid within 48 hours. In the meantime, the police officer has the right to pick up the license until a receipt is presented.
Business climate
After the introduction of the euro in Montenegro, most enterprises could not cope with the rise in prices and went bankrupt. This has had a very strong effect on ordinary people: there is 30% unemployment in the republic, and the average salary is 200 €.
Agriculture is very well developed in Montenegro, more than 40% of the territory is occupied by meadows and pastures. Here cattle and sheep are bred, potatoes, corn, wheat, barley are grown.
Fruit growing is also developed in the republic: oranges, lemons, tangerines, figs, plums, pomegranates, and almonds are popular.
Mineral raw materials are mined, albeit in small quantities.
There are tobacco and textile food factories in the country, aluminum metallurgical and woodworking plants, electrical plants.
The largest in all of Montenegro is the Podgorica Aluminum Smelter (Kombinat aluminijuma Podgorica - KAP). It belongs to the Russian company RUSAL.
There are 2 exchanges in Podgorica: Montenegrin and NEX.
Tourism is developing most rapidly. Recreation here is varied: from ski resorts to quiet coves with beaches and clear water. So if you start your own business here, then in one of the areas mentioned above.
Real estate
Acquisition of real estate in Montenegro is a profitable investment of money. For foreigners, however, there are small restrictions: the sale of large plots and plots without buildings is prohibited.
It is best to entrust the procedure for buying real estate to a qualified specialist. At first glance, it may seem quite simple, but you can still stumble upon pitfalls.
In Montenegro, a large number of illegal real estate, which can lead to problems for the future owner. A realtor and a lawyer are checking the property. The decision on the right to transfer property to the new owner can be made by the local community for up to 2 months. Since 2011, the sale and purchase agreement has been registered by a notary.
Real estate purchase tax is 3% of its cadastral value. When buying a premise in a new building, tax is not charged.
Tipping in Montenegro is usually 10% of the order.
Montenegrins are heavy smokers. They can smoke almost everywhere, even on public transport.
It is prohibited in the country to photograph military facilities, port facilities, etc.
On the border of Serbia and Montenegro, they may offer to issue a "national insurance". This is a violation of the law, since the "green card" is valid throughout the country.
Visa information
The visa regime in Montenegro fully complies with EU requirements. To travel to the republic, a visa is not required for foreign citizens of the states included in the Schengen Union, and foreigners who already have a visa from one of the EU countries or an American visa. Also, excellent travel conditions are provided to Belarusians, Ukrainians and Russians. If the period of their stay in the country does not exceed 30 days, then such tourists do not need a Montenegrin visa. Citizens of other CIS countries open a visa to Montenegro through the embassy in Moscow, which is located at: st. Mytnaya, 3, office 23-25. Contact phone: (+7 499) 230 18 65.
Regardless of citizenship, everyone arriving in Montenegro will pay 15 € at the airport, if this fee was not included in the ticket price.
The rest of the tourists apply to the Montenegrin representation in their country. The visa can be short-term, up to a year. Moreover, foreigners have the right to stay in this country for no more than 90 days within six months. A transit visa is issued upon presentation of the visa of the country to which the foreign person is traveling. A long-term visa is issued with the permission of the relevant authority. A foreign citizen who does not plan to stay at the hotel must register at the place of stay at the nearest police station within 24 hours.
Useful data for tourists about Montenegro, cities and resorts of the country. As well as information about the population, currency of Montenegro, cuisine, peculiarities of visa and customs restrictions in Montenegro.
Geography of Montenegro
The Republic of Montenegro is a state in southeastern Europe, on the Adriatic coast of the Balkan Peninsula. It is washed by the Adriatic Sea and borders Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia and Albania.
State
State structure
Presidential republic.
Language
Official language: Serbian-Croatian
In many resort areas, German and limited English is widely spoken.
Religion
The Montenegrin and Serb population mainly professes Orthodoxy, national minorities - Islam and Catholicism.
Currency
International name: EUR
Popular attractions
Tourism in Montenegro
Where to stay
Montenegro is known both for its seaside resorts and ancient cities. The spirit of history soars here, which is organically intertwined with a completely modern and high-quality service. The cost of living depends not only on the category of the hotel, but also on its location relative to famous resorts and historical monuments. Hotels in Montenegro have their own classification, which is different from that adopted in the rest of Europe.
The most comfortable hotels providing high-level service are equated to the DELUX category. As a rule, in such a hotel you will be offered accommodation in a spacious room with a modern interior, a loggia, and a private bathroom. The room will also have satellite TV, telephone, air conditioning and, of course, a mini-bar. This hotel also has a swimming pool, playgrounds.
A lower price category, which, however, is characterized by a high quality of service, are hotels of category A. Having settled in such a hotel, you will receive a room with a modern interior, TV, telephone. You can also count on your own bathroom and access to the loggia. In the next category - B - hotels are presented in which you will be offered a room with a private bathroom or shower, TV and telephone.
I would like to note that the hotel base of Montenegro is a little outdated, therefore, among those who prefer family comfort and the famous hospitality of Montenegrins, rent in the private sector is popular. Both small private apartments and cottages are united by one concept - a villa. The cost of living here does not differ much from that of hotels. The only drawback is that villas, as a rule, are located at some distance from the sea (300-500 meters).
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Popular hotels
Excursions and attractions in Montenegro
Today Montenegro is one of the most popular tourist destinations in Europe. The stunning natural wealth of this beautiful country, the wonderful climate, the abundance of historical, architectural and cultural attractions, combined with more than affordable prices, attract more and more tourists to this little paradise every year. Montenegro is mountains and plains, dense forests, crystal-clear waters of the Adriatic, mountain rivers and picturesque lakes, as well as beautiful ancient cities where different styles and cultures are so harmoniously combined, thereby creating a unique color and atmosphere of comfort.
Podgorica is the largest city and capital of Montenegro, as well as the economic and industrial center of the country. Of particular interest for tourists are the oldest districts of the city of Stara Varosh and Drach with their narrow cobbled streets and beautiful old buildings. Among the most interesting sights of the capital, it is worth noting the Archaeological Research Center, the City Museum, the Natural History Museum, the National Theater, the Cathedral of Christ's Resurrection, the Church of St. George, the Njegus Palace and the Art Gallery located on its territory. An excellent example of modern architecture and original engineering solutions is the Millennium Bridge (Millennium) over the Morac River. In the vicinity of Podgorica, it is worth visiting the ruins of the ancient fortress city of Medun, which dates back to the 3rd century BC. The Ethnographic Museum of Marko Milianov is also located here. Not far from the capital are the ruins of the ancient Roman Dioclea.
The cultural center of the country, undoubtedly, is its historical capital - Cetinje, located in a picturesque and cozy valley at the foot of Mount Lovcen. This is a very beautiful and interesting city with many historical, cultural and architectural monuments - a real open-air museum. Among the most popular attractions are the famous Cetinsky, Vlashka Church, Bilyard Palace, King Nicholas I Palace, the Zemsky House Royal Theater, the Art, Historical and Ethnographic Museums. It is worth visiting the Lovcen National Park and the family village of the Montenegrin royal dynasty Petrovici located on its territory - the picturesque settlement of Njegushi, a takee. At the Mausoleum of Peter II Petrovic Njegosh on the top of Mount Lovcen.
Perhaps the most famous attraction in Montenegro is the Ostrog Monastery. It is located about 15 km from Danilovgrad in an amazingly picturesque place. This is one of the most revered Orthodox shrines in the world, which is visited annually by hundreds of thousands of pilgrims of various religious denominations. The upper part of the monastery is carved into the rock at an altitude of 900 m above sea level and is a truly impressive sight.
Among the abundance of natural attractions of Montenegro, the Skadar and Shasskoe lakes, the Durmitor National Park and the famous Black Lake located on its territory, as well as the picturesque canyon of the Tara River running through the park, the Biogradskaya Gora National Park, the Bay of Kotor (Boka Kotorska) and the canyon deserve special attention. the Morach river.
You will get a lot of pleasure and get to know such colorful Montenegrin cities as Budva, Kotor, Bar and Herceg Novi. However, every corner of Montenegro is beautiful and unique in its own way, and all its sights and interesting places are simply impossible to describe ... but this amazing country is definitely worth a visit.
