The development of modern society in the context of informatization is closely related to the introduction of information and communication technologies (ICT) in all spheres of human life. In this regard, libraries of various types consider the technology of working in the electronic space as a necessary tool for the professionalization of specialists in the library and information industry. The process of introducing ICT has also affected the methodological activities of libraries.
Providing methodological assistance to public libraries is one of the main priority and extremely important tasks of the libraries of the regions of Russia. Therefore, many libraries are looking for new tools and ways to provide methodological assistance. Today it is very important to ensure prompt access to professional information. This can be done using ICT.
In order to provide information and methodological assistance to libraries and improve the professional qualifications of their employees, special pages are created on the official websites of many libraries. virtual teaching rooms... As successful examples of the functioning of such virtual methodological services, one can name: the Russian State Library for Youth, the National Library of the Republic of Karelia, the Sverdlovsk Regional Universal Scientific Library named after V.I. VG Belinsky, Lipetsk Regional Youth Library, Kaliningrad Regional Children's Library named after V.G. A.P. Gaidar, Central Banking System of Voronezh, etc.
In the menu on the main page of the websites of the libraries, the pages of the methodological services / departments are called differently: “Professional”, “For Professionals”, “Club of Professionals”, “Colleagues”, “Open box”, “Metodkompot”, etc. Methodological services of some libraries (National Library of the Chuvash Republic, National Library of the Republic of Karelia) call their pages "Virtual Methodical Cabinet". In our opinion, this is just a matter of terminology. Functioning in a virtual environment and being, as it were, a mirror image of the main directions of methodological work, all Internet resources of methodological services / departments are virtual methodological rooms.
Such virtual services are created to implement the following functions:
- informational, i.e. must provide professional documents of a wide range;
- communication, i.e. should act as an instrument of interaction, establishing a dialogue, involving the exchange of information, and not just its broadcast;
- navigational, that is, they must have a system of links to resources useful to librarians.
Based on these functions, the content of the virtual teaching services is determined. As a rule, it includes news of the library life of the region, regulatory documents, methodological materials and consultations, information about professional events, useful links and much more. Interesting rubrics can be found in the virtual teaching rooms of individual libraries. For example, interesting, in our opinion, is the heading "Master classes" of the National Library of the Republic of Karelia, where lessons are conducted in the form of video lessons on the following topics: book repair, cleaning day in the library, placement and storage methods of library documents, types of arrangement of library documents, disinfection of documents in libraries.
To implement the second function, communication, sections are created that involve communication, quick response to pressing issues, and the provision of practical assistance in work. So, one of the effective steps of the staff of the scientific and methodological department is the launch of the Regional Professional Network on the website of the Kaliningrad Regional Scientific Library. Employees of municipal libraries, having passed the authorization, have the opportunity of professional communication in the network, prompt exchange of information necessary for work. Efficiency and availability are the main advantages of online consulting. All questions from library specialists are differentiated by subject matter, date of receipt, significance for other libraries in the region, and are analyzed by the staff of the scientific and methodological department. The leading specialists of the library advise on the most popular topics. Employees of the methodological service of the National Library of the Republic of Karelia also conduct a professional dialogue with colleagues under the heading "Professional Communication of Librarians of Karelia".
The analysis of library sites allows us to conclude that libraries of all levels are actively involved in the preparation and release of publishing products on library topics, diverse in nature and purpose: methodological, instructional, educational, methodological, informational, bibliographic aids. The problem is that, although the library community has many printed sources of information, they, unfortunately, have a number of disadvantages: limited availability, determined by circulation, distribution methods and publication costs, insufficient timeliness and a limit in the amount of information provided.
These problems can be solved with the help of all the same virtual teaching services. Many libraries with representations on the Internet maintain sections in which they either provide information about their own methodological publications, or provide an opportunity to get acquainted with their full texts. The first case involves the ordering of these publications from the funds of libraries by the IBA. Virtual methodological rooms of libraries, created with the aim of providing assistance in the Internet environment, use a more convenient, efficient way, posting methodological developments in full-text electronic format.
In order to increase the efficiency of libraries in the Internet environment, expand the range and improve the quality of services provided to users in electronic form in the regions, they began to develop information portals: The unified information portal of the libraries of Udmurtia, the portal of the libraries of the Samara region, the library portal of the Perm region, the portal "Libraries of the Arkhangelsk region", the information portal of the libraries of the Chelyabinsk region.
All analyzed portals have approximately the same structure. In order to provide methodological assistance, sections that provide access to full-text resources may be of interest. These sections are called differently: "Methodological materials" (library portal of the Perm region), "Methodical piggy bank" (portal "Libraries of the Arkhangelsk region"), "Professionals" (information portal of libraries of the Chelyabinsk region). Library portals take advantage of the online provision of information, offering virtual reference services for librarians or on-line counseling. A forum on professional topics has been organized on the unified information portal of the libraries of Udmurtia. During the forum, 99 users have registered on it, and 60 messages have been received. Most often, communication on the forum was conducted on topics that can be grouped as follows: "Library blogs", "Useful links for working with content", "Preparing images for the portal", "Digitization and copyright", "Requirements for digital materials NEB" ... As a rule, the portal is a single information point of access to the resources of the libraries of the region - participants in the project, provides up-to-date information about news, areas of their activities and services. An important factor in the sustainable development of any library is free access to professional information. The opportunity to get acquainted with the life of other libraries, with new experience, with new technologies, with new projects and programs allows you to solve emerging problems, find new partners, choose the right development strategy.
The system of advanced training and additional professional education of library specialists plays a special role in the methodological activity. Today, the most modern form of professional development is webinar - a special type of online seminar, a kind of web conferencing, online meeting or real-time presentation. During the webinar, each of the participants is at their computer, and communication between them is maintained via the Internet using software. During training, the instructor and students can exchange or share their files. There are a number of online platforms for organizing and hosting webinars:
- Free services (platforms)- smotri.com, fastwebinar.ru, etc. For example, with the help of the Russian-language platform onwebinar.ru, you can organize a webinar or hold a video meeting on the corporate library website, blog, or on the library's social network page. This web service provides the following features: unlimited video conferencing, general and personal chat, shared resources (presentations, desktop display, files and links), feedback, file sharing, online technical support. The webinar is recorded on the hard drive of the organizer of the online event.
- Paid services (platforms)- hotconference, webinar.tW, webex, webinarbox, etc. Webinarbox is a service based on the Google Hangouts system, today it is considered one of the most reliable online conferencing systems in the world. The number of webinar participants is not limited.
To choose a high-quality webinar service, you must be guided by the following requirements: good sound quality, ease of use, the ability to show slides and record the webinar, convenient chat for communicating with listeners. The advantages of webinar technology are obvious - they are efficiency, live communication, the possibility of saving financial and time costs, organizing large audiences of listeners, attracting lecturers without their physical presence at the broadcast site. Areas of using webinars: training, professional development, methodological seminars, meetings and negotiations, working meetings.
Since 2010, the International Academy of Business and New Technologies has launched a new project to conduct webinars for various categories of listeners. The topics of the webinars are related to work in information and library systems, with electronic resources, and topical issues of information and library practice. Promo webinars, open and closed paid training webinars, webinars-games with collective participation at connection points, live broadcast of educational events are held. Due to the simplicity, convenience, savings on travel, accommodation and travel expenses, a large number of people from all regions of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Bulgaria are regularly connected to the webinars. In 2015, webinars “What, how and why do we count? Accounting for the work of SBO "," New views on copyright for universities and libraries: Russian and foreign experience ", etc.
Currently, the technology of webinars is actively used by librarians in the methodological activities of both the largest libraries of the federal level and in the central libraries of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation (national, regional, regional) and municipal libraries of Russia. In May 2013, the National Library of the Udmurt Republic held online conference "National Digital Libraries: Problems and Development Trends"... During the conference, an exchange of experience took place, an analysis of approaches to the formation of national and regional electronic libraries, cooperation and integration with Internet projects of the NEL of the Russian Federation, the Finno-Ugric and European communities was carried out. Hearing of reports was carried out with viewing of presentations, in the end - an exchange of views and answers to questions from the audience took place. Also, questions were asked in the chat.
Central Universal Scientific Library named after N. A. Nekrasova (Moscow) annually conducts a cycle of public online lectures by leading librarians and practitioners in the field of library and information activities, management, marketing and information technology on topical areas of librarianship for employees of public libraries in the capital. So, in 2014, online lectures were held: "Problems of servicing people with disabilities in public libraries", "Book collection in the digital era", "Communication culture in the library environment", "Modern librarian: professional competencies, ethical principles", etc. Colleagues from other regions of Russia also took part in these webinars.
This form of education is very popular not only in city libraries of large cities, but also in central regional libraries. In 2013, on the basis of the MKUK "Central Library of Ivnyanskiy District" of the Belgorod Region, a web-seminar "Model library as a resource for the formation of the ecological culture of the population" was held. The heads of model libraries and rural branches took part in it.
Many methodological (departments) services, along with websites, create their own professional blogs, pages on social networks (Facebook, Live Journal, VKontakte, Odnoklassniki, Moi Mir, Liveinternet, Twitter, etc.). To date, 424 library blogs have been registered; 33 blog projects, blog promotions; 54 Russian-language library blogs of foreign countries; 55 library communities, communication channels and online forums; 64 groups "In context", 8 groups on Facebook (data prepared by L. M. Bryukhanova, the host of the "Worlds of Libraries" blog.
The main tasks of the blog are to provide professional support, to promote innovative working methods. The advantage of running your own blog of the library's methodological service is feedback from its users. As a librarian, the blogger should be well aware of the industry's key / problematic issues. It is especially necessary to work on methodological and analytical materials that require a deeper study of the topic and analysis of the situation. Library blogs have to meet certain requirements. According to A.O. Fedorov, these are:
- Platform - professional blog - must be hosted on a paid hosting;
- Domain. A good blog should have a second-level domain name (for example - ideafor, info, biblionation.ru), blog topic or author, and be remembered by ear;
- Design - should emphasize the theme of the blog, have a clear structure, neat execution;
- Content - blog content - should be relevant to the topic, be relevant and understandable to readers
And in order for the library blog to become effective and successful, the following principles must be observed: openness, honesty, regularity of publications, obligatory responses to comments.
An example of a corporate professional blog is a blog for librarians created by the methodologists of the Pskov Universal Scientific Library. The blog format and its methodological focus allow you to quickly talk about all professional events taking place in the Pskov region, under the headings "Special events", "Reports / consultations", "Presentations", "Analysis. Research. Monitoring ”,“ Projects and Programs ”,“ Correspondence School of Quality ”. Visitors to the blog have the opportunity to learn about the activities of libraries in different districts of the region, their expert and diagnostic assessments, monitoring of the activities of libraries, get acquainted with informational and methodological publications on librarianship. The blog contains not only documents, reports, consultations, but also presentations, videos, texts of methodological publications. The blog audience is diverse, among the blog visitors there are guests not only from Russia and neighboring countries, but from France and the United Emirates, the Netherlands and Vietnam, Indonesia and Japan.
The blog of the Scientific and Methodological Department of the Central Municipal Library named after N. A. Nekrasova (Izhevsk). The blog, which is very informative, allows you to promptly inform and provide professional assistance to specialists of municipal libraries in Izhevsk. A lot of new and interesting things can be found in the sections of the blog: "Actual documents", "Research", "Interesting experience", "Editions of the MUB TsBS", "Professional journal", "Profizdat", etc. MUB CBS can make an online application for training. And if you have a professional question, you can use the service "online methodologist" and get an answer in real time. As can be seen from practice, the blog, as a means of improving the qualifications of library staff, is the most efficient and informative.
INTRODUCTION
INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARIES
1 The essence of information technology and their basic properties
2 Library as an element of the information space
3 The role of information and libraries in the context of informatization and globalization of society
4 RFID in libraries
4.1 Library RFID tag
4.2 Inventory Reader
4.4 Station of automatic return of books
4.6 Anti-theft system
4.7 Advantages over barcodes
LIBRARY INFORMATION
1 The main stages of informatization of the Central Library System of Minusinsk
2 Workstation
3 Library automation system IRBIS
4 The use of modern information technologies in the local history work of the libraries of the city of Minusinsk
5 Application of information technologies in practical activities of libraries
CONCLUSION
LIST OF USED SOURCES
ANNEXES
INTRODUCTION
informational automatic inventory library
With the advent of new computer and telecommunication technologies, the possibilities of libraries as information and cultural centers have significantly expanded. New information technologies have transformed the traditional library functions. New content has appeared in such basic technological processes as acquisition and cataloging. Significant changes have also taken place in the service of library readers, who have gained access to electronic network resources located on the Internet and more and more urge libraries to master and create electronic resources. For a couple of decades, the computer has been a full-fledged librarian's tool along with a card catalog and a reader's form.
Gone are the days when librarians did not own computers and did not want to learn how to do it, and they needed to prove the benefits of using innovative technologies in the library's work.
Today, the modern possibilities of using computer and Internet technologies in the library are very extensive - from simple typing and printing of text to compiling complex information retrieval systems. This is a list of those types of library activities that today are inconceivable without the use of new information technologies:
creation and support of local and corporate, electronic catalogs;
creation and support of electronic libraries;
editorial and publishing activities;
creation and maintenance of databases (library statistics, personnel, etc.);
interaction with other libraries in the exchange of information and the creation of common information resources;
serving visitors with the help of media libraries, full-text databases, legal databases, the Internet, etc .;
purchasing books from online stores;
scanning services and electronic delivery of documents.
Automation and widespread use of electronic technology are becoming one of the most pressing problems in the library industry.
The thesis examines the possibilities of using automated computer systems in library work, organizing information flows with their help and optimizing workflow.
Purpose: to analyze the activities of libraries for the use of modern information technologies in their space.
Research object: information technology in the library space.
Research subject: information technology
Research objectives:
analyze literary sources on the problem;
determine the level of use of information technologies by libraries in their activities;
analyze the activities of libraries on the use of information technologies in order to develop recommendations for their use;
Research methods:
) analysis of literary sources;
) analytical activities;
) generalization of the obtained material;
) questioning.
Methodological base of the research: teaching aids, reports on the work of libraries on the implementation of information technologies, Internet resources.
Base of research: Minusinsk city central library named after A.S. Pushkin
1.INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY IN LIBRARIES 1.1 The essence of information technology and their basic properties Information technology (IT) is the generic name for technologies responsible for storing, transferring, processing, protecting and reproducing information using computers. It is impossible to imagine modern areas of production, science, culture, sports and economics, where computers would not be used. Computers help humans in work, play, education and research. Computer technology is the cutting edge of science in the 21st century. As a general criterion for the effectiveness of any type of technology, you can use the saving of social time, which is achieved as a result of their practical use. The effectiveness of this criterion is especially well manifested in the example of information technology. What types of information technologies seem to be the most promising today and in the near future from the point of view of this criterion? The need to save social time directs our attention, first of all, to technologies associated with the most massive information processes, the optimization of which, as it seems, should give the greatest savings in social time precisely due to their wide and repeated use. Analyzing the role and importance of information technologies for the current stage of development of society, it is possible to draw well-grounded conclusions that this role is strategically important, and the importance of these technologies in the near future will grow rapidly. It is these technologies that play a decisive role today in the field of technological development of the state. The arguments for these conclusions are a number of unique properties of information technologies, which put them on a priority place in relation to production and social technologies. The most important of these properties are listed below. Among the distinctive properties of information technologies that are of strategic importance for the development of society, it seems appropriate to highlight the following most important. Information technologies make it possible to activate and effectively use the information resources of society, which today are the most important strategic factor in its development. Experience shows that the activation, dissemination and effective use of information resources (scientific knowledge, discoveries, inventions, technologies, advanced experience) allow you to obtain significant savings in other types of resources: raw materials, energy, minerals, materials and equipment, human resources, social time. Information technologies make it possible to optimize and in many cases automate information processes, which in recent years have taken an increasing place in the life of human society. It is well known that the development of civilization proceeds in the direction of the formation of an information society, in which the objects and results of labor of the majority of the employed population are no longer material values, but mainly information and scientific knowledge. At present, in most developed countries, most of the employed population in their activities is to one degree or another connected with the processes of preparation, storage, processing and transmission of information and therefore is forced to master and practically use information technologies corresponding to these processes. Information processes are important elements of other more complex production or social processes. Therefore, very often information technologies also act as components of the corresponding production or social technologies. Information technologies today play an extremely important role in ensuring information interaction between people, as well as in the systems of preparation and dissemination of mass information. These funds are quickly assimilated by the culture of our society, since they not only create great conveniences, but remove many industrial, social and everyday problems caused by the processes of globalization and integration of the world community, the expansion of domestic and international economic and cultural ties, population migration and more and more dynamic movement around the planet. In addition to the already traditional means of communication (telephone, telegraph, radio and television), electronic telecommunication systems, e-mail, facsimile transmission of information and other forms of communication are increasingly being used in the social sphere. The information revolution of the late 20th century significantly changed the role of libraries. Libraries are increasingly becoming information resource centers equipped with modern means of processing, storing and transmitting information. The range of library services has expanded. This is a place not only for storing and lending books and magazines, but also centers for providing broad access of the population to the Internet, the selection of important information and analytical material, the formation of electronic library catalogs and full-text databases. The use of new information technologies has increased the possibilities of access to the required information by hundreds of times. The development of library automated systems is a reflection of the development of information technology in general. The computer itself is very similar in principle of operation and structure to a traditional library. Even the terms in computer technology are borrowed from library terminology: "library of source modules", "directory", "library of load modules", etc. The process of serving a user on a personal computer is very similar to the process of providing services to readers in a library. Searching for data in a directory, storage process, classification of parameters, cataloging and other procedures are quite similar. The first most serious results in library automation were obtained by the mid-60s. Computers in librarianship were initially used mainly in the creation of library catalogs and bibliographic databases. They were made on separate large computers. The first solutions for the creation of machine-readable catalogs (MARC) and the maintenance of a unified catalog network were born. In the 70s, solutions appeared that made it possible to connect computers into a network with communication channels. This made it possible to provide access in the library to bibliographic databases on other computers. With the advent of personal computers in the 1980s, the creation of library systems for mass adoption became a reality. Russia has also begun work in the field of creating an electronic library. A number of projects related to the creation of specific electronic resources and their software and hardware, including through the Internet, have been carried out since 1995 and are supported by a number of state scientific and technical programs. For example, the subprograms "Federal Information Fund for Science and Technology" and "Informatization of Russia" of the Federal Target Scientific and Technical Program of the Ministry of Science of Russia "Research and Development in Priority Areas of Development of Science and Technology for Civilian Purposes", the interdepartmental program "Creation of a national network of computer telecommunications for science and high school ”and a number of others. In 1998. The Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and the Russian Foundation for Technological Development (RFTR) announced a competition and, as a result, began financing a number of projects related to solving the problem of digital libraries. There are a number of solutions for the deployment of the full-scale Interdepartmental Program "Electronic Libraries of Russia" (EBR), which, together with existing projects and programs in this area, should solve the problem of creating an infrastructure that would improve the quality of accumulation, preservation and effective use of electronic information resources. 1.2 Library as an element of the information space The study of the genesis of the information space and the clarification of the prehistory of the appearance of the phenomenon of the library is important for understanding its current state, since "the course of events in the future can be represented only on the basis of the knowledge of the state of the object in the past." In 1995, the Concept for the Formation and Development of a Single Information Space in Russia and the Corresponding State Information Resources was adopted - one of the most important documents for the development of a modern national information policy. The structure of the information space indicated in this concept is extremely complex and includes the following elements: information and telecommunication infrastructure; mass media system; the market of information technologies, communications, informatization and telecommunications, information products and services; information security system; the system of interaction of the information space of Russia with the world open networks; system of information legislation ". Based on this, the information space can be defined as a complex systemic phenomenon, an effective method of studying which, of course, is a systematic approach. The concept of "information space" combines two terms: "space" and "information". In the philosophical literature, the category "space" is one of the most developed. Space and time are forms of being of matter. Space is characterized by such properties as extension, structure, coexistence and interaction of elements in all material systems. Consequently, this concept is used to denote extended, structured and, which is especially important, coordinated in some way, i.e. interacting objects of being. These attributive properties are inherited not only by the physical, but also by any other kind of space. “Apart from being able to be filled, space has no other property; if we abstract from the establishment of a separate place and its content, it is empty and dead nothing ”. In our case, the space presupposes information content. The concept of "information" is a substratum of all information phenomena. But so far, it is precisely with the unclear interpretation of this concept that the complexity of their definition is connected. The information space inherits many properties from the information substrate. Let's consider only those that are reproduced in the library. Information is characterized by "incorruptibility, growth in time and distribution in space." Mobility property, i.e. distribution in space is a system-forming factor for the information space, growth in time has led to an increasing complexity in its development and at the same time, in accordance with the second law of dialectics, with an increase in quantity, it contributes to the emergence of new qualities. Very often, information is interpreted as organization, for which there are pre-prepared places and ways of using it in the systems of activity. ”Because of this, one of the main properties of the information space can be considered its structuredness. Structuredness and reflectivity are closely related to the modality of information. It is possible to reflect something in consciousness if there is an ordering of the world (matter) for some reason or another. Thus, to reflect in the mind is to model. The reflective essence of information allows us to define it both as a method of communication between a person and the environment and as the first stage of human adaptation to the environment and (or) its further transformation through activity. Information, as one of the communication methods, generates such an attributive property as communication. Information can be transmitted only when a material form appears in it - a sound, a gesture, a sign. The information space arises only in the process of communication and is its result. Information as an element of activity has such essential properties as auxiliary and instrumental. A person creates information models selectively, reflecting only those phenomena that are of value to him. Such a property as the selectiveness of the reflection of the world by the subject explains two more attributive properties of information - its selectivity and evaluativeness. The property of nominativeness is inextricably linked with the property of modeling. You cannot create a model without naming its objects and phenomena or their characteristics. So, the ancient Egyptians believed that a thing that does not have a name does not exist. The process of creating nomens also explains such a property of information as reduplication. This property has led to the emergence of secondary information products and a secondary level of the information space, without which it is impossible to ensure its integrity. It was created by a person, it is a material and spiritual construct, and, therefore, the information space can be viewed from the point of view of the activity approach. According to this approach, the unification of all components of the activity is possible only with the help of the goal. The goal is always formed outside the system - by a system of a higher rank. Undoubtedly, the purpose of the information space is to create a human habitat filled with information available to him in the process of the universe of human activity (UChD) and used for UChD. Thus, the objectivity of the emergence of the information space is associated with the mandatory information component of any activity. And because the more the universe of human activity becomes more complicated, the more complex and varied are the phenomena (objects) located in a certain space. Naturally, information manifests its generic properties in information phenomena, it is an objective factor in their diversity. 1.3 The role of information and libraries in conditions The most significant threat of the transition to the information society is the division of people into those who have information, who know how to use information and communication technologies (ICT) and who do not have such skills. As long as ICTs remain at the disposal of a small group, there remains a threat to the existing mechanism of functioning of society. New ICTs: empower citizens by providing instant access to a variety of information; increase the ability of people to participate in political decision-making and follow the actions of governments; provide an opportunity to actively produce information, and not just consume it; provide a means of protecting the privacy and anonymity of personal messages and communications. The library is a component of informational support of education, and in the conditions of the Internet its role becomes life-supporting. At the same time, the formation of the information society as the main resource, the tool and product of which is information, paradoxically, did not lead to the widespread flourishing of libraries and institutions, all of whose activities are related to the processing of information arrays. Moreover, the era of digital communications has been marked by the formation and proliferation of information commercial companies whose main business is to maintain giant full-text databases and provide them with paid access over the Internet. In the face of such well-known companies as LEXIIS / LEXIS, ERSCO, STN and others, as well as not so large, but no less ambitious as the Consultant, Garant Libraries have found serious competitors that are slowly but surely pushing them out of the serious information market (business services, management, jurisprudence and fundamental science) to the periphery (service of leisure and educational activities). Currently, it is necessary to radically change the role and functions of libraries. If they are unable to provide users with digital access to their own resources and databases around the world in the near future, they will turn into a museum of books, the value of which will decline from year to year. The isolation of libraries in providing readers with access to their accumulated sources of information leads to a waste of funds and access to them. As a result, a situation arises when sometimes the only and priceless copies, so necessary for the reader, remain unclaimed. There is a need to create such information systems that combine the resources of a group of libraries and make it possible to increase the efficiency of access to them by creating a single information space. The problems of library automation and the digitalization of all their collections is a rather large and complex task. The desire of many libraries to create their own information servers sometimes runs into very significant difficulties. First of all, this is the lack of financial resources and the absence in many libraries of specialists from departments - software developers and administrators. Teachers, learners, students are faced with a difference in the styles and standards of information retrieval systems. There is a problem of technocratic bias and the lack of a systems-analytical approach to the issues of library automation. At the same time, universities have great potential in this direction. Currently, scientific and educational information resources make up a significant part of all resources of the region, since the main intellectual and cultural potential is concentrated in universities, the most advanced and qualified specialists, universities are sufficiently equipped with modern computer and telecommunication equipment. A huge number of various Web sites and digital information resources have been created, which, unfortunately, turned out to be inconsistent with generally recognized standards, which from time immemorial have been adhered to by the main holders of information - libraries. The stage of creating nominal information resources in the form of thematic Web sites is almost complete. But at the same time, the natural spontaneous development of Web sites containing information of various quality, as well as free access and free placement, gave rise to the problem of systematization and expert assessment of the created resources. Currently, there is no comparison of existing information retrieval systems, including library ones, with the global tasks of education. The Internet has opened up many opportunities in comparison with pre-existing information systems, allowing you to give an impetus to the development of personality through virtual resources. However, it remains only an effective tool for solving problems of personality development through the very process of working with search engines. It is necessary to create intelligent self-adjusting systems that support users of any level in combining the resources of educational and library systems. It is necessary to integrate the capabilities of the libraries and structures themselves, which are engaged in the processes of informatization and the creation of electronic information resources. 1.4 RFID in Libraries The system of the hardware and software complex based on RFID technologies is intended for use by organizations, libraries and corporate associations, higher and other educational institutions that own representative collections of documents for accounting of funds, ensuring their safety, accounting for the use of documents and optimizing information services for users. System functions: control of the movement of publications inside the premises; acceleration of operations of receiving and issuing publications; reducing the number of errors in the acceptance and issuance of publications; ease of inventory; protection against theft and substitution of publications; automatic registration of issue and return of publications. Each publication or electronic medium is supplied with a special RFID tag and receives a unique identification number. Further, reader devices use this number to carry out the necessary operations with the publication. Automation of libraries using RFID technology is rapidly developing all over the world and begins to develop in Russia. Barcode labeling, until recently considered advanced, is now perceived as obsolete, due to the obvious advantages of RFID technology. 4.1 Library RFID tag Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a technology for automatic contactless identification of objects using a radio frequency communication channel (Appendix 10). A multifunctional RFID tag that completely changes the way you look at librarianship. The RFID Library Tag is specially designed for tagging storage items including books, CD / DVDs and videotapes. Properties: the memory of the library RFID tag has three sectors: a sector that stores the unique identification code of the tag, a sector of user memory with the ability to rewrite information and a sector responsible for security (anti-theft function that can be activated and deactivated); library RFID tag should not be in the reader's field of view: tags can be installed secretly; labels are easy to read, being oriented in space in any way; the tag chip has an anti-collision function: a large number of tags can be read at the same time; RFID library tags have an adhesive surface and are easy to apply to objects. Tags come in various shapes: square for books, rectangular for cassettes and round for CDs; library RFID tags can be covered with a protective paper label (white or with an applied logo, barcode) both at the manufacturing plant and directly in the library; The library RFID tag has an unlimited lifespan and cannot be tampered with, making labeling a book in a library a one-time step. Advantages: The use of RFID simplifies data processing, greatly facilitating the daily work of librarians, and makes it possible to organize self-service stations that are convenient for readers (issuing and returning materials). By combining identification and anti-theft functions, library RFID tags reduce the time spent at every stage of the process, from catalog creation to check-out and check-out operations. By providing the ability to lend and receive multiple books at the same time, RFID technology relieves librarians from repetitive actions, which greatly speeds up the process of serving readers. Combination with existing anti-theft systems enables a gradual transition to a complete RFID solution (identification + protection). Modern requirements - more service in less time. The librarian takes books off the shelf, gives them out to the readers, then the books are returned, returned to the shelf, and so on many times in a row. It takes a tremendous amount of time and human resources to properly manage and control the movement of books in the library. Most librarians acknowledge that barcodes and traditional anti-theft systems have reached their limits in modern library management systems, especially given today's requirements: make more inventory; reduce the time for issuing materials; effectively protect books from loss and theft; improve the ergonomics of the basic activities of librarians; improve the level of service to readers. Benefits of RFID at every stage of work The system is based on an RFID tag that is applied to each book and provides new functionality and high efficiency at all stages of the library management process. The RFID tag interacts with an RFID station, which is compatible with any automated library information system (ALIS) and allows you to quickly update the database in real time. Book identification and anti-theft protection - efficient and easy to use. the tag is a thin label on which an antenna and a chip are applied, which have the function of contactless reading and writing of information. Typically, a label is placed under the cover of each book. The tag can be covered with an optional security label with a printed barcode, library logo, or book information. An activated anti-theft function can be built into each tag. The main advantages of RFID systems are as follows: increases the speed and ergonomics of material processing; improved management of funds due to the high speed of processing materials and reducing the time and human resources spent on basic operations; full control of the movement of books is provided, anti-theft function at all stages of a book's life: initial marking, issuance and acceptance of books; improved protection of books from theft without the risk of damage to the book thanks to the improved anti-theft system. 1.4.2 Inventory Reader Inventory: affordable, fast, accurate. With the use of RFID technology, it becomes much easier to carry out inventories, for this it is not necessary to close the library, since now the inventory will take about 20 times less time than using the barcode technology (Appendix 11). It is enough for a library employee to walk along the shelves with a special inventory reader in order to collect information from the tags. The collected data is then automatically loaded into the library's database. There is a version of the equipment with Wi-Fi technology, in which case the read data is transmitted directly to a PC or to a pocket computer. The exceptional functionality of the inventory reader allows librarians to quickly and easily identify books on the shelves. This reader has been specially designed for the inventory of funds, as well as for the search for specific books. The reader is connected to a computer (or PDA), which stores and displays data related to the object being read. Further, the information is transferred to the library database through a special device or in a contactless way. At present, a version of the equipment with Wi-Fi technology is available, which makes it possible to transfer data from tags to a PC during the inventory process. Properties: The inventory reader consists of a long, lightweight handle with a flexible RFID antenna, which allows quick access to library materials found on the upper shelves; the high speed of reading the reader allows the library employee to receive information from the tags, simply by swiping the antenna of the reader along the shelves with books; an inventory reader provides uninterrupted autonomous operation for 7 hours or more; The inventory reader can be used as a unique tool to find cluttered books on a shelf. To do this, it is enough to set a unique tag code to the reader and walk with the reader along the shelves. Having found the desired book, the reader will give a signal. Advantages: well-thought-out ergonomics of the inventory reader makes it very convenient for staff; materials are easily identified both on the extreme lower and extreme upper shelves; there is no need to identify the books one by one, this can be done simultaneously, in addition, you do not need to take them off the shelf; due to the high speed of reading and the possibility of long offline operation, significantly less time and human resources are required to conduct an inventory; Since the inventory process has been greatly simplified, it can be carried out more often; The inventory reader is compatible with any information library systems. 4.3 Self-Dispensing Station An innovative solution for an open access fund. This station is indispensable for open access halls, because it is designed to minimize the queues in the library through the implementation of operations of self-lending of books. The system is very undemanding, has a user-friendly interface (English and Russian languages are available). An automated library system and a library card are required to work. After the reader has selected the books, he must insert the reader's card into the station's card reader and enter the password (to exclude the possibility of using someone else's library card), then put the books on the reader. The system automatically writes books to the ABIS for a given reader, turns off the anti-theft bit and issues a receipt with information about the books taken. Properties: Inch monitor Touch Screen; built-in RFID reader for reading issued books; reader for reading library tickets (it is possible to work both with tickets with RFID technology and with a bar code); friendly interface in Russian and English (another language on request); automatic binding of read books in ABIS to a specific library card; built-in printer of receipts (reminder of borrowed books); deactivation of the anti-theft bit at the end of the book-loan operation, for joint work with the RFID gate. Advantages: allows readers to borrow books without the involvement of library staff; speeds up the process of issuing books and reduces queues in the library; reduces the burden on employees and improves the quality of service to readers. 1.4.4 Station of automatic return of books The automatic return station is used in libraries with increased load in order to reduce the queues for returning books and reduce the workload of librarians, especially during periods of high reader activity. Requires an automated library system and an RFID-based (or barcode-based) library card (Appendix 12). A reader wishing to return books inserts a library card into a card reader and enters a password, when the reader is identified, he puts the books (individually) in a special window in the station. The system reads the code from the tag in the book, writes off the given book from the reader, activates the anti-theft bit of the tag and sends the book to the receiver. At the end of the operation, the reader is given a receipt for the books handed over. The patented book return protection system ensures that all accepted books are properly registered, cannot be retrieved from the station, and that the library only accepts books that are relevant to the library. The version of this station is built-in, i.e. the back of the station opens into a service room and the books are fed via a mini-conveyor into a special basket. The basket is equipped with a specialized device that regulates the actual weight of the books in it and lowers the bottom of the basket under the influence of the weight of the books. This saves books from damage when dropped from a great height. The system is very easy to operate and has a user-friendly interface (in English and Russian). Properties: receiving speed up to 600 units per hour; touch screen monitor; convenient interface for carrying out operations; built-in reader of library cards; activation of the anti-theft bit at the end of the loan operation, for joint work with the RFID gate; Built-in printer of receipts (reminder of returned books); Built-in RFID reader for reading out books; maximum object size: 410 mm x 360 mm x 120 mm; minimum object size: audio cassette. Advantages: the possibility of round-the-clock return of books; the process of returning books takes place in a fully automatic mode without the participation of a library employee; the books handed over cannot be taken back by the reader; the ability to install an anti-vandal version of the station for the street. 4.5 Universal station for programming book dispensers This station is used for programming tags, that is, binding the tag identifier to a specific book in the database, both when the library is switched to RFID technology, and during the subsequent processing of new receipts. Also, this station, in fact, is a librarian's workplace, where employees receive and lend books. With RFID tags, you no longer need to open a book, check a barcode and deactivate the anti-theft function - all this is done automatically in one step. Moreover, it is now possible to process several books at the same time. Since the anti-theft function is built into the chip, while the object is being identified, the anti-theft area of the chip is deactivated. As a result, processing time is reduced, books are issued faster, and queues are reduced. The ability to instantly read books in a pile makes it possible to significantly speed up the issuance / acceptance of materials and improve the quality of service to readers. Small and ergonomic, the versatile RFID station works great on metal tables and is not susceptible to electromagnetic interference. Read / write programming and anti-theft function activation are carried out in one operation. Properties: the universal RFID station consists of a medium-range reader and a flat table antenna; the station can be easily installed on a desktop or built in under it due to the small area and flat surface of the device; identification of books and activation / deactivation of the anti-theft function are carried out in one operation; the station has an anticollision mechanism (the ability to read multiple tags at the same time); if necessary, the number of identification objects read out per second can be increased using an additional antenna. Advantages: the use of the station allows you to organize fast delivery or acceptance of materials, which significantly speeds up work with readers and reduces queues; the station is a universal device that allows you to program tags in the acquisition department and be used as a librarian's workstation for issuing / receiving books; universal RFID station is compatible with any ABIS; the station is very convenient and easy to operate. 4.6 Anti-theft system Advanced anti-theft system to protect funds. When creating an anti-theft system, the latest developments in this area are used. The system combines object identification and security functions in one device. The anti-theft system for RFID tags (Appendix 13) demonstrates the most modern algorithm for monitoring the movement of objects, which accurately reacts to a tag with an activated anti-theft function. In the process of issuing or receiving materials, the anti-theft function is activated or deactivated depending on the operation. Objects that have not been properly checked, falling into the detection area, instantly activate the system's alarm mechanism. Properties: each panel of the system operates from its own power source and does not require additional equipment for operation; using modern digital signal processing technology, the anti-theft system provides maximum speed and large detection area, regardless of the orientation of the RFID tag in space; the anticollision mechanism has practically no restrictions for this application: a large number of activated RFID tags can be simultaneously detected; the panels of the system are very resistant to any mechanical stress; the plastic covering of the panels can be made from any other material at the request of the customer, if an individual design of the systems is required; the standard anti-theft system consists of two panels. If it is necessary to increase the controlled passage width, additional panels can be easily added to the system. Advantages: being an autonomous device, the anti-theft system can work independently of the library database and be activated even if the library network inside the library is out of order or is under maintenance; The anti-theft system uses a single RFID tag to identify and protect against theft, offering an effective, reliable and cost-effective solution. Main advantages: The data from the tag is read in a non-contact way. In this case, the label should not be in the reader's field of view, it can be hidden inside the book. This makes it possible to read information from several books at the same time, which can significantly reduce the time for issuing books to readers, as well as speed up the inventory process by 20 times. The ID tag data can be supplemented. While barcode data is only written once (when printed), the information stored in the RFID tag can be modified, supplemented or replaced with another, subject to the appropriate conditions. Much more data can be written to the tag. Conventional bar codes can contain information of no more than 50 bytes (characters), and to reproduce such a character, an area the size of a standard A4 sheet is required. An RFID tag can easily fit 1000 bytes on a 1 cm2 chip. The placement of information with a volume of 10,000 bytes does not represent a serious technical problem either. RFID tags are more durable. In areas where the same tagged object can be used countless times (for example, when identifying books), the RFID is an ideal means of identification, as it can be used 1,000,000 times. Anti-theft function. RFID tags, unlike barcodes, have an anti-theft function. In order to protect your fund from unauthorized removal, it is not required to additionally glue anti-theft tags into books (Appendix 14). LIBRARY INFORMATION 1 The main stages of informatization of the Central Library System of Minusinsk Informatization is the leading process that determines the development of the information space, which includes libraries. This process began in the Minusinsk city centralized library system with the acquisition in 1995 of a computer and a copier, the library program of the AS "Library-2". The Central Library System started to automate library processes and create electronic databases. Central city library named after A.S. Pushkin was founded in 1927, is a part of the municipal budgetary cultural institution "Minusinsk city centralized library system". Founder MBUK MGTSBS Administration of Minusinsk. MBUK MGCBS is a legal entity. The library has a collection of literature of 88440 copies, more than 9500 readers use the services of the Central City Library annually, and about 199 thousand various documents are issued. During the year, 1680 different inquiries are carried out, the readability is 20.8, the attendance is 5.5. Currently, the library is equipped with computers (17), copiers (2), a scanner, a multimedia project, video, sound reproducing and sound amplifying equipment, digital video cameras (2), modern exhibition racks (13). There are 9 departments in the Central City Hospital: methodical; arts; automation of library processes; information and bibliographic; picking and processing; organization and use of book funds; service department; department of mass work; local history department. services for youth; center for legal and business information. In 2004, within the framework of the city Program of library services for the population with books and the development of interest in books in the city of Minusinsk for 2004-2006, by the decision of the city duma, the library software was purchased by the IRBIS library automation system, which included: AWS "Administrator", "Reader", " Cataloguer ", the volume of records is calculated for 25 thousand. The IRBIS software complex is installed in the Central City Library, the Central Children's Library, Branch No. 7. Using the IRBIS library automation program, an electronic catalog is maintained, bibliographic databases are formed (Appendix 1). For 6 years until 2010, the IRBIS system was successfully used in the libraries of MBUK MGCBS. An electronic catalog has been created for the general library fund of the system, a catalog for local history publications (4200 records), an electronic card index of articles is being maintained (Central City Library, Central Library, branches). The total volume of electronic records is currently 37 220. The volume of records of its own electronic catalog is 23 700. The problem is that the city administration does not include funding for updating the program in the municipal budget, attempts were made in 2008, 2009, 2010. This year, the library staff wrote a socio-cultural project of municipal cultural institutions and educational institutions in the field of culture "Information space of the reader", where they laid a new version of the IRBIS program, which allows them to present their databases on the Internet. By the beginning of 2011, the total number of computers in the libraries of the system reached 41 (for users - 18). Each library has computers, but technology becomes obsolete very quickly, so when new technology is received from central libraries, it is redistributed to branches. They received computer equipment not only at the expense of the budget: the Central Children's Library acquired all computers and multimedia equipment at the expense of grants won in the Soros Foundation, the Mikhail Prokhorov Foundation, participating in a socio-cultural project of municipal cultural institutions and educational institutions in the field of culture. In order to familiarize users with reading, the Central City Library annually organizes and conducts creative contests, educational and leisure activities. 1.1 Implementation of innovative technologies in information and library services for the population Innovation is an implemented innovation that provides a qualitative increase in the efficiency of processes or products that is in demand by the market. It is the end result of a person's intellectual activity, his imagination, creative process, discoveries, inventions and rationalization. An example of innovation is the introduction to the market of products (goods and services) with new consumer properties or a qualitative increase in the efficiency of production systems. The central city library is equipped with new information technologies, e-mail is functioning, the Internet is connected, in 2010 the MBUK MGCBS website was created [email protected], the site is posted on the Internet. At the second stage of work with the site, an electronic catalog will be placed, a very necessary section "local history" will appear, where it is necessary to upload ready-made electronic local history materials. Minusinsk Museum of Local Lore N.M. Martyanova offered to display digital copies of local history publications. One of the proposed directions is to work with local writers and poets on the Internet, but the site is not yet designed for such a volume of information. The forum is not working, there is no feedback from users. There is a lot of work ahead. In addition to the official website of the Central City Library, the Central City Library has created a blog "Student Library" <#"justify">2.2 Workstation An automated workstation (AWP) is a software and hardware complex designed to automate a certain type of activity. When developing AWPs, SCADA systems are usually used to control technological equipment. Computerized workstations of a teacher, student, administrator, methodologist and librarian - computers with connected corresponding peripherals, necessary software, access to the school network and the Internet - allow you to implement various scenarios of educational and administrative activities and create a unified information environment for the educational process. The task of librarians is to become navigators in the information space, specialists who can facilitate and speed up wandering in the virtual network, experts who help to find and evaluate the information received. A special problem for all users of the library is the multimedia fund, electronic educational resources. Working with them sometimes creates great difficulties. The Library employees get the opportunity to exercise operational control over the flow of books, replenishing and updating the database, writing off old information, generating analytical reports. Workstation "Administrator" (Appendix 2) is a workplace of a specialist performing system operations on databases in general, aimed at maintaining their relevance, integrity and safety. It includes the following functional blocks that allow you to configure and administer the system: setting up notifications; streams of documents; employees; system calendar; working employees; access groups; storage of forms; contact faces; configuration; exchange servers. For the system to work, you need to enter information about the structure of the organization. Using the "People" tool in the system, you can define the hierarchical structure of an organization by adding different departments and correlating registered users with them. For each employee, during registration, it is necessary to fill in personal and system information and set the initial rights to work with documents within the framework of business processes. AWS “Cataloguer” (Appendix 2) is an automated workstation of a librarian who performs all the functions of creating and maintaining databases in the IRBIS Library Automation System. It contains elements grouped into blocks for performing all modes of the workstation, and consists of the following groups of modes: database, correction, search, viewing, service and help. Processing of any kind of publications, including audio and video materials, electronic resources, cartographic materials, sheet music, etc., any completeness of description, including the table of contents of journals and the content of collections; · A description of periodicals at the consolidated level and at the level of individual issues and "files", taking into account information about the articles included in them; · The technology of indexing publications (systematization, subjecting), including the automatic formation of the author's mark and the navigation apparatus for the SRSTI heading, the UDC / LBC alphabetical-subject index, the authoritative file of subject headings and thesaurus; · Technology of data copying, excluding re-entry when creating similar and related bibliographic descriptions, in particular, when creating analytical descriptions; · A system of formal-logical data control at the level of individual bibliographic elements and at the level of description as a whole; · Original technology of automatic verification for duplication, excluding re-entry into the electronic catalog; · Solving the problem of book supply and inventory-free accounting of multi-copy literature for university libraries; Purpose and main characteristics Automated workstation "Komplektator" carries out: entering brief bibliographic data and data on publishing and distributing organizations for placing orders for publications; primary input of short bibliographic data of periodicals and data on subscription addressees; tracking the fulfillment of orders, control of outstanding or unfulfilled orders; control of the receipt of literature in the library, input of data for the summary book (KSU) about the received batch, the formation of documents for the accounting department; disposal<#"justify">2.3 Library automation system IRBIS In the Central Library Software The IRBIS Library Automation System has been installed since 2006. IRBIS is a typical integrated solution in the field of library technologies automation and is intended for use in libraries of any type and profile. The system fully meets the international requirements for such systems, and supports all domestic bibliographic standards and formats. The system allows you to describe all types of publications. Under this program, new receipts of books are processed, in addition, an electronic catalog of periodicals is being maintained. And annually 1.5 thousand descriptions are signed for the systematic catalog of articles, as well as 500 entries for the local history catalog. Electronic catalogs are being promoted for the readers of the Central Library. Individual and group consultations are provided. Individual consultations are very often held for students of the Minusinsk Pedagogical College (MPC), the bibliographer of the Central Library works with them. Electronic catalogs are especially in demand by students when writing diploma and term papers. In 2010, 12 consultations were held. In addition, within the framework of the training center "Information Navigator", which works for the school scientific community, group lessons for schoolchildren were held, which are called "Search in the IRBIS system". A survey-workshop "Local history resources of the library" was carried out according to the search method in the IRBIS database "Local history". For students of the IPC, 11 lessons were conducted on the search method in the IRBIS system. Main characteristic: The system is designed to work in local area networks of any type without limiting the number of users, provided that the client platform is Windows 95/98/2000 / NT and access to the file server is provided. The system is fully compatible with international UNIMARC and USMARC formats based on a two-way data conversion facility. The system also supports the Russian communication format RUSMARC. The system allows you to create and maintain any number of databases that make up the Electronic Catalog (EC) or are problem-oriented bibliographic databases (DB). The system offers a technology for the automatic formation of dictionaries, on the basis of which a quick search for any description elements and their combinations is realized. Cataloging tools allow you to process and describe any types of publications, including non-traditional ones, such as audio and video materials, computer files and programs, cartographic materials, sheet music, etc. The system supports traditional "paper" technologies, providing opportunities for obtaining a wide range of output forms: from order sheets and summary book to indexes and all types of catalog cards. The system offers tools for maintaining and using Authority files, Alphabetic-subject indexes to UDC / LBC and Thesaurus. The system includes technologies focused on the use of bar codes on copies of publications and library cards. The system includes tools that make it possible to use as illustrative material any objects external to a bibliographic document, such as full texts, graphics, tables, audio and video materials, as well as Internet resources. The system provides means for entering and displaying characters that are not included in the standard (selected) code set, in particular, diacrites of European languages, Greek letters and other special characters. The system offers a wide range of service tools that provide convenience and clarity of user interfaces, simplifying the input process, eliminating errors and duplication of information. The system has ample opportunities to adapt it to the operating conditions of a particular library, i.e. during the transfer and installation of the system, it can be configured in accordance with the specific requirements of the user - starting with the structure of the bibliographic description and ending with user modes of operation. The system is sufficiently open, which allows the user to independently make changes in a wide range: from changing input and output forms to developing original applications. As independent products expanding the capabilities of the local version of the IRBIS system, there are telecommunication technologies support tools, namely: Web-IRBIS - a solution that provides access to IRBIS databases via a WWW-server, and a database server for the Z39.50 (Z- IRBIS). These tools fully ensure the integration of the IRBIS system into corporate library technologies. The system implements all standard library technologies, including technologies of acquisition, systematization, cataloging, reader search, book lending and administration, based on the interconnected functioning of five types of automated workstations (AWPs): "Picker", "Cataloguer", "Reader", "Book lending "," Administrator ". Thus, access to IRBIS is unlimited for readers. And easy to learn. 2.4 The use of modern information technologies in the local history work of the libraries of the city of Minusinsk Local lore is one of the leading directions in the professional activity of a librarian. It is going through the process of searching for new forms, setting priorities. New information technologies have a significant impact on changes in the traditional components of library local history. In 1995, the Centralized Library System acquired the first computer, a copier. The library program AS "Library-2" was purchased. The Central Library System started to automate library processes and form electronic databases, including an electronic local history catalog. Subsequently, we purchased the IRBIS software package. Computerization has revealed fundamentally new possibilities both in the use of traditional catalogs and card files and the creation of their analogs in electronic form, and in the formation of new information resources. Since 1997, at the Central City Hospital, Central Children's Hospital, f. No. 7, along with the traditional local history card index, kept an electronic local history card index (IRBIS Krai). The Central City Library maintains a consolidated electronic catalog of local lore, today the database contains about 5,000 entries. Maintaining an electronic local history catalog made it possible to intensify publishing activities in local history. Current index "Literature about Minusinsk and Minusinsk region", thematic indexes on various topics, "Calendar of significant dates", etc. The “Consultant Plus. Krasnoyarsk Territory "and a database of local legislation, which is updated monthly. All this makes it possible to provide prompt access to local history resources, raises the quality of information services to a new level, and saves the time of searching and delivering information to the user. Internet technologies provide invaluable assistance in local history work. The Central City Hospital uses the website of the Krasnoyarsk Territory administration, the Krasnoyarsk Territory information portal, the resources of the regional libraries, the Native Krasnoyarye electronic library of local history materials. In connection with the development of information technologies, with the acquisition of the first multiprojector, the forms of library activity began to change for the better. At present, multimedia resources are used in almost all areas of the CLS activity; not a single major library event can do without them. Currently, new technologies make it possible not only to use media carriers, but also to create electronic resources for local history. The Central Library System has begun to develop educational CD-disks dedicated to the city of Minusinsk based on materials from the library fund and addressed mainly to young people. An example is the work of the local history department of the Central City Hospital to create a city history encyclopedia "Portrait of Minusinsk at the turn of the century", which won a grant from the competition of social projects "Krasnoyarsk Territory - the Territory of Good". Today it is impossible to imagine holding events on local history without slide presentations, CD-ROMs, videos, DVDs, without curious information obtained on the Internet. Of course, all this takes a lot of time, preliminary preparation of test information, photographs of illustrations, sound comments (phonograms), video clips, possibly animation is necessary. Library staff receive rave reviews and events that readers like the most are held multiple times. This is the prospect of further development - the creation of our own media products: bibliographic products with animation for users, local history guides, travel guides, media reviews, presentations for events, etc. 5 Application of information technologies in practical activities of libraries A survey was conducted among the staff of the Central City Library named after A.S. Pushkin, Minusinsk, in order to identify the possession of information technology personnel in their activities. A total of 12 respondents were interviewed. The entire team is female. Age from 22 to 61 years old, 1 (8.3%) respondent - 22 years old. 6 (50%) respondents 45-50, 5 (41.6%) respondents aged 50 and over. Figure 1 - Distribution (%) of employees by age categories All respondents to the question “Do they own information technologies?” Answered yes (100%). To the question "List what programs do you own?" 100% of the respondents named the standard office programs, 4 respondents (33%) named the programs: "IRBIS", "Consultant Plus". To the question "Have you worked with the IRBIS program?" 8 (66.6%) respondents answered in the affirmative and 4 (33.3%) respondents answered negatively. To the next question "Do you use an automated workstation in your work?" 11 (91.6%) respondents answered in the affirmative, 2 (16.6%) respondents answered negatively. To the question "When conducting, what events do you use information technologies?" the respondents' answers were divided: during mass events - 4 (33.3%) respondents; when conducting literature reviews - 3 (25%) respondents; contests, quizzes 1 (8.3%) respondent; seminars and conferences - 4 (33.3%) respondents; for all - 1 (8.3%) respondent. To the question: "Where would you like to apply information technology in the library space?" the answers were distributed as follows: everywhere, starting from the lobby of the library - 3 (25%) respondents found it difficult to answer - 4 (33.3%) respondents in current work - 1 (8.3%) respondent on a subscription - 1 (8.3%) respondent in working with readers - 2 (16.6%) respondents. To the question "When was the last time you took advanced training courses in information technology?" followed by the following answers: in 2006 2 (16.6%) respondents; for a long time - 1 (8.3%) respondent; found it difficult to answer - 10 (83.3%) respondents. The last question was: "What information technologies used in the library would you like to master?" work with the site - 2 (16.6%) respondents; found it difficult to answer - 3 (25%) respondents; snow leopard - 1 (8.3%) respondent; presentations - 2 (16.6%) respondents; photo shop - 2 (16.6%) respondents; something new that can be used in libraries - 2 (16.6%) respondents. The results of the survey showed that, of course, the library faces the problem of introducing information technologies in the library space, the first and very important question is the staff of the library, unfortunately, these are people of either pre-retirement age, or already retirees, of course they have rich practical experience, but employees of the younger generation are more adapted to mastering and applying innovative technologies in the practical activities of the library. The level of application of information technologies in library activities is influenced by: poor equipment of libraries with modern computer technology; low level of computer training of the majority of library workers; the absence of well-functioning regional and sectoral systems for professional development of specialists in the field of using information technologies. CONCLUSION Informatization is one of the most striking features of the system of social relations in developed countries. Humanity has entered a stage in the development of civilization in which information and knowledge play a decisive role in all spheres of human activity. At the same time, information is becoming the most important factor in economic growth in modern society. It is necessary to understand that technological progress today is not only the main factor in ensuring the well-being of the nation, but also the most important condition for the process of its sustainable development. At the same time, priority attention should be paid to information technologies, which, due to their special properties of the catalyst, will actively contribute to the country's technological breakthrough not only in the information sphere, but also in many other equally important areas. In the modern information society, the importance of information as a commodity is increasing. This is a consequence of the general growth in information needs and an expression of the development of the information services industry. Evidence of this is the increasing contribution of the information sector to the creation of national wealth. Thus, automation and widespread use of electronic technology are becoming one of the most urgent tasks in the library industry. One of the directions in which the informatization of library activities in the country is taking place today is the development of means of user access to full-text information resources, electronic catalogs of domestic and foreign libraries. Libraries today deal not only with traditional information resources, but also with electronic (network and non-network). Most of the libraries have their own web servers. The use of information technology (IT) is one of the most controversial internal corporate problems. Thus, the world is entering a new era - informational, in the era of electronic economic activity, network communities and organizations without borders. The arrival of a new era will radically change the economic and social aspects of society. Such changes most directly affect the place of a person in the information world. A person changes in accordance with the vector of information and technical characteristics of society. However, this is not at all a passive acceptance of new conditions of production and consumption. A person acts as a subject of information reality, which goes far beyond information and technical characteristics. The informatization of everyday life and the emergence of a new information field of human existence do not pass without leaving a trace for the human life world. In the electronic space, the behavioral standards and value orientations of the individual are changing. LIST OF USED SOURCES Anilina, M.I. Philosophy of the modern library [Text] / M.I. Anilina // Library Science. - 1996. - No. 4/5. - S. 91-100. Bazhenov, S. R. Development of an automated workplace for an IBA employee under IRBIS [Text] / S. R. Bazhenov // Bibliosphere. - 2009. - No. 2. - P. 53. Brodovsky, A. I. New solutions and directions of development of the IRBIS library automation system [Text] / A. I. Brodovsky, B. I. Marshak // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2006. - No. 11. - P. 60. Galanicheva, G. G. Automated information and library systems [Text] / G. G. Galanicheva // Directory of the head of a cultural institution. - 2009. - No. 4. - P. 60. Gendina, NI The use of formalized methods in preparing text for websites of cultural institutions [Text] / NI Gendina, NI Kolkova, OI Aldokhina // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2008. - No. 3. - S. 29-31. Gendina, NI Linguistic support of automated library systems [Text] / NI Gendina // automation of documentary search. - Alma-Ata: Gylym, 2000-P.188. Gendina, N. I. Linguistic means of designing the content of websites [Text] / N. I. Gendina // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2008. - No. 3. - P. 5. Danowski, P. Library 2.0 and User-Generated Documents. What can users do for us? [Text] / Patrick Danovski // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2009. - No. 5. - P. 54. Dorfman, VF Principles of technology of the twentieth century and information technology [Text] / VF Dorfman // Informatics in technology. - M., 1999.-Issue-№5.-С.5. Dvorkina, M. Ya. Library services: New reality: Lectures [Text] / M.Ya. Dvorkin. - M .: Publishing house MGUKI; IPO Profizdat, 2000 .-- 46 p. Dvorkina, M. Ya. Some stereotypes of library consciousness [Text] / M.Ya. Dvorkina // Professional consciousness of librarians. The need for changes in the transition period (Proceedings of the seminar on May 3-4, 1993, Moscow). - M., 1994 .-- S. 14-18. Dvurechenskaya, T. The whole world in your mobile: on the transfer of information using the MOBIBL program [Text] / T. Dvurechenskaya // Library. - 2010. - No. 8. - P. 18. Evdokimova, N. Subscription at one moment: from the first computer to automated service for readers [Text] / N. Evdokimova // Bibliopole. - 2008. - No. 2. - S. 19-20. Elisina, E. Yu. Services provided by the library in the electronic environment [Text] / E. Yu. Elisina // Library Science. - 2008. - No. 4. - P. 42. Elisina, E. Yu. Services provided by the library in the electronic environment (end) [Text] / E. Yu. Elisina // Library science. - 2009. - No. 1. - P. 39. Information space of Russia and state policy [Text] // University book. - 1997. - No. 12. - S. 4-5. Kapterev, A. I. Document in the library [Text]: resource and product / A. I. Kapterev // Scientific. and. tech. b-ki. - C.4. Karaush, A. S. Development of information technologies in the library: a look into the future [Text] / A. S. Karaush, A. S. Makarevich // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2008. - No. 1. - S. 53-58. Kolin, K. K. Russia on the way to the information society [Text] / K. K. Kolin // Library science.-2000.-№3.-С.32. Complex automation of the library [Text] / FSUE GIVTs of the Ministry of Culture of Russia. - M., 2010 .-- 26 p. Brief Encyclopedia of Philosophy [Text]. - M .: Progress-Encyclopedia, 1994. - P.576. Nisnevich, Yu.L. System-methodological foundations of the state information policy [Text] / Yu.A. Nisnevich // Scientific and technical information. - Ser. 1. - 2001. - No. 3. - S. 1-5. Matlina, S.G. Notes on the margins of "Philosophical Articles" in the journal "Library Science" [Text] / S.G. Matlina // Library Science. - 1996. - No. 5. - P. 101 - 109. Motulsky, R.S. Library as a social institution [Text] / R.S. Motulsky, Bel. state un-t of culture. - Mn., 2002. - S. 374. Paklin, A. Electronic delivery of documents [Text] / A. Paklin // Library. - 2008. - No. 12. - P. 32. Developing library in the information society [Text]: materials of the second regional conference "Krasnoyarye - 2009", p. Steam room, Sharypovsky district, Krasnoyarsk region, June 21-25, 2009 / comp. and otv. ed. T.I. Matveeva.- Krasnoyarsk: GUNB of the Krasnoyarsk Territory, 2010.-p. 50. Rat, M.V. The book in the "information society": what is it about? Methodologist's View [Text] / M.V. Rat // Society and the book: from Gutenberg to the Internet. - M .: Tradition, 2000 .-- P. 82 Ryazantseva, L. What should we build a site [Text] / L. Ryazantseva // Bibliopole. - 2008. - N 5. - S. 25-27. Safronova, E. Internet project as a friendly environment [Text] / E. Safronova, A. Shashkina // Library. - 2010. - No. 8. - P. 26. Serova, OV Quality of services in the electronic environment and new services [Text] // Bibliosphere. - 2009. - No. 1. - S. 27-32. Silin, A.L. Living in the concept of information displays [Text] / А.А. Silin // Philosophical Sciences. - 1998. - No. 2. - S. 118-135. Slashcheva, N. A. Modern model of information and library support for science and education (on the example of the libraries of the Pushchino scientific center of the Russian Academy of Sciences) [Text] / Slashcheva, N. A., Mokhnacheva, Yu. V., Kharybina, T. N. // Library science. - 2008. - No. 6. - P. 41. Slobodyanik, M. S. Innovative library technology: ways of implementation [Text] / M. S. Slobodyanik // Progressive library technologies: organization and management: Sat. scientific. tr. - 2005.-С.36. Slyadneva, N.A. Bibliography in the system of the Universum of human activity [Text]: Experience of system-activity analysis / N.А. Slyadnev. - M., 1993.- p. 227. Stolyarov, Yu.N. Library: structural and functional approach [Text] / Yu.N. Stolyarov. - M .: Kniga, 1981 .-- S. 255. Stolyarov, Yu. N. He. Ontological and metonymic meanings of information concepts [Text] / Yu.N. Stolyarov // Libraries and Associations in a Changing World: New Technologies and New Forms of Cooperation. Tr. 8th Int. conf. "Crimea-2001". - Sudak, 2001 .-- T. 1.- S. 277-281. Stolyarov, Yu. N. He. Ontological status of the document and its practical significance for libraries [Text] / Yu.N. Stolyarov // Library Science. - 1999. - No. 4. - P. 50 - 59. He is. Stolyarov, Yu. N. What is a library? (about its essence and initial functions) [Text] / Yu.N. Stolyarov // Library Science. - 1999. - No. 7/12. - S. 20-33. Chaptsova, R.P. [Text] / Ed. R.P. Chaptsova / International Center for Intellectual Development. Region. Ural, branch of the International Academy of Informatization. - Chelyabinsk, 1994 .-- 136 p. Shabanov, A. V. Factors influencing the choice of technology for digitizing Russian early printed and handwritten books [Text] / A. V. Shabanov // Bibliosphere. - 2008. - No. 4. - S. 46-48. Shibaeva, E. A. Web 2.0 innovations in libraries: temporary state and possibilities of application [Text] / E. A. Shibaeva // Information Bulletin of the Russian Library Association. - 2008. - No. 49. - S. 64-67. Shishkin, Yu. V. Web 2.0 technologies as a tool for the formation of the modern image of the library [Text] / Yu. V. Shishkin // Library science. - 2010. - No. 3. - S. 45-50. Internet resources Antoshkova, O. A. [Electronic resource]. - Access mode<#"justify">ANNEX 1 Rice. 1. Workstation "Librarian": list of subscribers
informatization and globalization of society
The informatization of society, which is one of the key laws of social progress, has also affected the library sphere. This made it possible not only to open up fundamentally new opportunities, but also to bring the informatization process to a higher level. What are the most widespread new technologies in libraries?
Information technology and libraries
A key reason for the transformation of librarianship was the changing social need for information. One of the main ways of its implementation was the use of IT.
Today, new technologies in the library are a complex of interrelated engineering, technological and scientific solutions that make it possible to increase the speed and quality of searching, storing and providing information. Due to the optimization of technological processes, labor productivity also increases significantly.
IT has made it possible to transform librarianship into a massive branch of the information industry, equipped with computer technology, system processing and transmission technologies, and non-traditional distributors of information. This made it possible, based on the use of communication channels and the use of software, to guarantee a comprehensive solution to the problem:
- change the methods of collecting information;
- transform the process of processing and acquisition of funds;
- transform library service methods.
All this allows you to create a single information space that fully meets the needs of users.
IT in library practice
If earlier book depositories only provided readers with access to information from internal funds, today, thanks to the use of new information technologies, they provide access to external ones.
Today, it is not enough for a reading room employee to know the exact location of a particular publication on the shelves of the internal fund, because he has millions of such shelves of the virtual world storage at his disposal. For this reason, in parallel with equipping the book storages, the level of employees is also being raised so that they are fluent in the technology of searching and processing electronic information.
In order to improve the qualifications of workers and fully provide methodological assistance, virtual methodological rooms are created on the websites of many large libraries. A vivid example of a simulated method of merging can be: Lipetsk regional, Sverdlovsk scientific and Kaliningrad children's libraries.
Such remote methodological rooms successfully solve several problems at once:
- provide wide access to regulatory and legal documents;
- act as a tool for establishing a dialogue for the exchange of information;
- provide a link system that librarians may find useful.
Often, virtual methodological services include sections that provide practical support in work, and sections with video tutorials on the topics: how to disinfect documents and conduct a cleaning day, how to repair books ...
In order to increase the efficiency of the functioning of the libraries themselves and to expand the range of services provided, information portals function in large cities. They offer online help and online consulting services. The most popular topics of such forums: how to prepare images for uploading to the site, what are the requirements for digital materials NEB, everything about copyright ...
No less popular is another form of advanced training called a webinar. This is a kind of online meeting in the current time mode. Communication between the participants is maintained by means of software using the worldwide network. During such a web conference, participants can discuss and exchange media files. To conduct webinars, the organizers use both paid and free Internet platforms.
The formation of an information literate brotherhood is impossible without the involvement of information resources submitted in electronic form. This form allows you to enter a qualitatively new level in the creation, saving and expansion of information, which makes it possible to ensure its more effective use.
Libraries have always been a kind of intellectual delegate between applicants and data. Their electronic counterparts are a fundamentally new type of fund, in which the information collected by mankind is translated into a new form. They provide access to both external information and internal information collected within the local depository. Archives of educational and general scientific information of electronic depositories include teaching aids, books and scientific articles.
In addition to scientific and literary texts, an ordered collection may include media files and computer programs. The formats for storing the published works allow you to read the texts online or download them to the user's computer.
Internet resources
The Internet is currently the most popular and largest internet network in the world. It connects hundreds of thousands of local and federal networks, which in total amounts to millions of users.
The introduction of new information technologies in libraries and the increasing activity of using Internet resources enables users to have access to downloading individual books and unlimited viewing:
- reference books and encyclopedias;
- electronic catalogs;
- retrospective and current bibliographies;
- news information;
- indexes of magazine articles.
But today, not so much the information resources themselves are becoming more and more in demand, but rather their management systems. The developed programs from a series of intelligent search allow you to find the information you need in a matter of seconds, using hundreds of thousands of information resources for this. These tools, taking on the most painstaking part of the data retrieval process, make it easier to work with information by organizing and organizing it.
All these innovations make it possible not only to transform libraries from local resources into online electronic ones, but also to change the priorities of publishers to create services that will change, adapting to the needs of users.
New technologies in bibliographic services.
The development of new technologies in the last decade of the twentieth century in a new, post-industrial society, the massive use of Internet resources in everyday and scientific life have led to significant changes both in people's ideas about the world around them and in their professional activities.
Today, when regular funding has ceased, there is nothing to fill the funds with, the only solution to the problem is access to additional sources of information.
With the introduction of new computer technologies into the work of libraries, reference service for readers has reached a new level: over the past 2-3 years, the need for information on electronic media has increased significantly. The use of electronic catalogs allows you to quickly search for any of the elements of the document description or their combinations, as well as perform complex reader queries
It should be noted that the efficiency of using the aggregate information potential depends, first of all, on the qualitative structural organization of bibliographic resources and their optimal use. This is evidenced by the experience of libraries in Siberia and the Far East, where the State Public Library for Science and Technology of the SB RAS was able to introduce integration frameworks into library and bibliographic processes. New technologies are effectively used: a rich set of electronic catalogs, databases, including those containing documentary information on all aspects of natural resources, economy, culture, science, history of the region. Scientists of Siberia propose to introduce a nationwide program "Accessibility of Information", in which measures have been developed to support the acquisition of funds, benefits for MBA, etc. (16)
Prompt receipt of information regardless of place of residence or field of activity in the present conditions is possible only with the introduction and development of new electronic technologies in libraries. It is generally recognized that information in libraries is becoming one of the factors in the development of education, science and culture in the country, its socio-economic, political stability and progress. Unfortunately, the introduction of new information technologies in libraries is still very problematic. Many rural libraries (CLS), today do not have computers at all. There are three main directions of informatization:
Automation within library processes;
Formation and updating of library information resources, and primarily electronic catalogs;
Using data networks for interlibrary data exchange. (15)
The introduction of information technologies into the activities of libraries leads to a significant increase in access and implements the main criteria for the quality of information services (IO) - the completeness and efficiency of obtaining data. Therefore, one of the most promising trends in the development of libraries is the use of electronic resources: databases (DB), including full-text; organization of remote access; optimization of electronic resources of the reference and search apparatus, etc.
At present, it is very difficult for libraries, both Russian and foreign, to acquire all the printed documents that readers need. The incompleteness of the funds leads to the loss of self-sufficiency of book storages. Readers' demands are steadily increasing. Due to the wide distribution of bibliographic databases, information on the necessary primary sources has become available to a large circle of users, but not in all libraries.
The search for alternatives and solutions to the problem resulted in the introduction of a complex of modern information technologies called electronic document delivery (EDD). This EDD service provides electronic copies of documents that are stored in the library, as well as materials that are not in its collections in the form of files or their printouts received from the supplier organizations. Most of the EDDs are available in large libraries.
It should be noted that the use of the databases "Articles" and "Books" allows you to quickly and efficiently meet the needs of readers, to carry out inquiries. Experience with new technologies has shown the need for a set of measures to standardize the processes associated with reference services. Libraries conduct research in various reading groups in order to better understand the information needs of their readers and to plan well for reference and information services.
The Internet creates a powerful information system for libraries. More and more publications (primarily articles, conference materials, etc.) are published only in electronic form, which saves resources and increases the efficiency of obtaining relevant information.
The popularity of traditional sources has its own reasons. The frightening factor of novelty and unfamiliarity is of great importance, but there are also more objective reasons. In particular, books, and especially microforms, have a long shelf life (for silver fish up to 500 years), while, according to some experts, long-term storage of information in electronic form is futile: it is completely dependent on changing formats, hardware and software. provision.
There is a semantic difference between the types of information recorded on microforms and on electronic media: retrospective and original (i.e. previously unpublished) publications are carried out on microfiches and microfilms, while full-text publications on the Internet provide access to modern, relevant information ...
So, the automation of library processes, the creation of a local network, make it possible to fully, quickly, accurately satisfy the information needs of readers, increase their information culture - this is the main goal of any library.
Today, in order to improve the efficiency of information and bibliographic activity, highly qualified personnel who are fluent in computers are needed.
The ever deeper introduction of computer culture into the professional culture of a library and information specialist requires significant changes in the content of education. It is not the first year that the library faculty has been called library information, which implies a change in benchmarks in the set of specializations and qualifications, the filling of curricula, the content of the disciplines themselves in the forms of teaching and learning used, and the equipment of the educational process. (7).
Despite the fact that the introduction of computer technologies is a priority area of the libraries' activity, there are many problems associated with automated customer service. The most acute is the lack of equipment and funds for its purchase, as well as staff for entering information (highly qualified specialists, as noted above).
So, the intensive introduction of information technology has largely changed the direction of serving readers. Therefore, new approaches are needed for organizing reference services, rethinking its place and role in the overall structure of the library. With the introduction of new technologies in libraries, it should be noted: high information content, efficiency in providing information, comfort and service of reference and information services.
Thus, the availability of highly qualified personnel, equipping libraries with automated search tools, processing, transfer and dissemination of information will make it possible to connect them to national and international banks and databases, which will turn libraries into genuine centers providing access to the world's information resources for consumer-readers. any level. The use of new technologies in libraries contributes to high-quality reference and information services for readers.
2. Bibliographic service in the Taseevskaya CLS.
Reference and bibliographic service of libraries plays an important role in the information service of society and occupies one of the leading places in the largest libraries in the world. The federal law of the Russian Federation "On librarianship" (1994), defining the role and importance of libraries, puts their information function in the first place (11).
Reference and bibliographic service (BSS) in libraries is a traditional and, at the same time, a promising area of information activity.
In the late 90s, information centers were created at libraries with the aim of improving reference and information services for the population.
On the basis of the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation "On the main directions of the reform of local self-government in the Russian Federation" (97s.); Federal laws of the Russian Federation "On librarianship" (1994) and "On obligatory copy of documents (1994), as well as in accordance with the Federal program of state support for local self-government in order to inform the population about the activities of the district administration, the head of the Taseevsky district administration decided:" Create on the information center on issues of local self-government on the basis of the Taseevskaya CLS. (2).
In June 1999, the director of the Taseevskaya CLS approved the "Regulations on the center for information and reference and bibliographic work", which defines the general provisions, goals and objectives of the center, the content of work, structure, staff, fund, technical means and services provided by the center. (1).
Bibliographic work is an organic part of the activity of the district library. Bibliographic work is a set of processes and operations for the preparation and use of a variety of bibliographic tools, for the reflection and disclosure of library funds, their active use by real readers and users. This is achieved by:
formation and maintenance of reference and bibliographic apparatus (SBA);
compilation of various bibliographic aids for the readers of the library - indexes and bibliography, all possible card indexes;
preparing and conducting oral bibliographic reviews;
reference and bibliographic service (providing readers with bibliographic information on their one-time requests);
bibliographic information (providing readers with bibliographic information on their long-term, permanent requests);
informational (bibliographic) training.
All processes and operations of bibliographic work are interrelated and interdependent, which, of course, affects the quality of library services in general.
Bibliographic work in the Taseevskaya CLS is carried out by all structural divisions - the central regional library (CRL), the children's library and 16 rural branch libraries. The general management is entrusted to the information and bibliographic department, which provides services to the population of the Taseevsky district.
In the Taseev Central Library System, bibliographic work is coordinated within the system - between the central library and branch libraries: on the formation of the SBA, the organization of reference and bibliographic services, the compilation of lists of literature for memorable and anniversary dates, the preparation of oral literature reviews, the development of training programs on the basics of bibliographic knowledge and solution of organizational issues.
Libraries of the CLS coordinate their bibliographic work with other organizations and institutions: educational institutions, the editorial office of the local newspaper, and the local history museum.
The changing interests and needs of the CBS readers are taken into account. Employees strive to provide them with complete, reliable and diverse information, including on the basis of the latest technologies ("Consultant Plus", "Applicant")
The basis for organizing and conducting bibliographic work in the Taseevskaya CLS is the funds and reference and bibliographic apparatus of the libraries of the system.
American design. New materials from the 50s and 60s
Library and bibliographic services
The quality of personalized service to readers depends largely on the ability of library staff to prevent and resolve conflicts. It is now believed that a conflict or clash of opposing views ...
The history of design development in Russia
After the war, in conditions of a shortage of material resources, more and more attention began to be paid to artificial materials. The heavy use of plastics has changed the face of many consumer products ...
The culture of the ancient world: the culture of ancient Greece
The new Greek gods were called Olympians, for the Greeks believed that they lived high above the clouds on Mount Olympus. The gods lived as one big family, headed by Zeus. He maintained order on earth, gave people laws ...
Renaissance culture
Individual, author's creativity is now replacing medieval anonymity. The theory of linear and aerial perspective, proportions, problems of anatomy and black-and-white modeling is of great practical importance ...
Culture of Western Europe in the XX century
We already know that the concept of "crisis" is often encountered in the history of world culture. It did not pass the 20th century either. But this century saw the greatest achievements not only in technology and science, but also in painting, music, literature, philosophy ...
Approaching Human Needs in the Renaissance
With the new living conditions and activities of the townspeople, their attitude to the main problems of human existence was closely connected - its meaning, purpose, norms of human behavior in society ...
Cause of one of Hollywood's most agonizing and protracted crises of the early 1960s
Hollywood faced problems in the 1960s. Filming in Hollywood itself became so expensive that many American films were now filmed in Europe, where everything was much cheaper ...
The process of introducing innovative technologies in museum activities
Technology when translated from Greek (techne) means mastery, skill, i.e. a process. Information technology is a process using a combination of means and methods of collecting ...
Modern technologies of reference and bibliographic services
Modern technologies of reference and bibliographic services
The technologization of library practice has come to be associated with the development of computer information technologies, with the automation of library and bibliographic processes. Gradually, through the joint efforts of theorists, methodists ...
Step by step, our country is gradually entering the information society. This applies not only to the largest federal and regional libraries, but also to urban and even rural ...
Reference and information service: new technologies
The resources of social information are very large. However, one of the informational, social, economic and cultural problems is how to find, get the information you need ...
Fashion language is a manifestation of personality in clothes
The language of fashion is becoming international. It becomes more and more difficult to associate fashion with a specific country or fashionable capital. The clear division between foreign and "domestic" fashion no longer exists ...
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by discipline "Bibliography and Library Science»
Theme: "New information technologies
in librarianship»
Saint Petersburg 2014
Introduction
1. Informatization of society
2 . Modern Library: Automation and New Opportunities
2.1 IRBIS
2.2 ABIS
2.3 Library RFID Equipment
3 . ICT technologies at the service of libraries
4. Library innovation
Conclusion
List of used literature
Applications
Introduction
2014 has been declared the Year of Culture in Russia, which is directly related to libraries. The main problem of preserving the library as an educational and cultural institution is the problem of attracting readers and the form of working with readers.
The search for new forms of working with readers is a difficult task, but overcoming difficulties sometimes becomes an incentive to search for new solutions, the application of which in practice gives very successful results. library automated innovation
This work describes the processes of automation, the main areas of activity of modern libraries. Much attention is paid to information resources, information technology and informatization of society in relation to librarianship.
Item of this work - new information technologies in librarianship.
Target works - to show how new information technologies are applied in modern libraries.
To achieve this goal, it is necessary to solve the following tasks:
Study the literature on the topic of work;
Indicate how the informatization of society affects all spheres of life;
Describe the new possibilities for automating a modern library;
List major innovations in librarianship.
Theoreticalbasesat the works made up the books of L.I. Aleshina, S.R. Bazhenov, G.G. Galanicheva, N.B. Golubenko, lectures by M. Ya. Dvorkina and materials of the nineteenth international scientific conference (Moscow, April 23-24, 2014) "Librarianship - 2014: library and information activities and documentary information communications in the field of culture and education."
The work consists of an introduction, four parts, a conclusion and a list of used literature.
The appendix contains materials illustrating the provisions given in the main part of the work. It also provides information from regional mass media on the use of new technologies in the library system.
1. Informatization of society
Information technology (IT) is the generic name for technologies responsible for storing, transferring, processing, protecting and reproducing information using computers. It is impossible to imagine modern areas of production, science, culture, sports and economics, where computers would not be used. Computer technology is the cutting edge of science in the 21st century.
The information revolution of the late XX - early XXI century has significantly changed the role of libraries. Libraries are increasingly becoming information resource centers equipped with modern means of processing, storing and transmitting information. The range of library services has expanded. This is a place not only for storing and lending books and magazines, but also centers for providing broad access of the population to the Internet, the selection of important information and analytical material, the formation of electronic library catalogs and full-text databases. The use of new information technologies has increased the possibilities of access to the required information by hundreds of times.
The development of library automated systems is a reflection of the development of information technology in general. The computer itself is very similar in principle of operation and structure to a traditional library. Even the terms in computer technology are borrowed from library terminology: "library of source modules", "catalog", "library of load modules", etc. The process of serving a user on a personal computer is very similar to the process of providing services to readers in a library. Searching for data in a directory, storage process, classification of parameters, cataloging and other procedures are quite similar.
A number of projects related to the creation of specific electronic resources and their software and hardware, including via the Internet, have been carried out in Russia since 1995 and are supported by a number of state scientific and technical programs. For example, the subprograms "Federal Information Fund for Science and Technology" and "Informatization of Russia" of the Federal Target Scientific and Technical Program of the Ministry of Science of Russia "Research and Development in Priority Areas of Development of Science and Technology for Civilian Purposes", the interdepartmental program "Creation of a national network of computer telecommunications for science and high school ”and a number of others.
In 1998, the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR) and the Russian Foundation for Technological Development (RFTR) announced a competition and, as a result, began financing a number of projects related to solving the problem of digital libraries. There are a number of solutions for the deployment of the full-scale Interdepartmental Program "Electronic Libraries of Russia" (EBR), which, together with existing projects and programs in this area, should solve the problem of creating an infrastructure that would improve the quality of accumulation, preservation and effective use of electronic information resources.
2. Modern Library: Automation and New Opportunities
The importance of informatization and new technologies today is undeniable, they allow libraries to be competitive in the information services market.
In recent years, the priority direction has been the introduction of new computer technologies that change the information service, improve the quality and efficiency of information services for users.
The rapid development of science and industry in the XX-XXI centuries, the irrepressible increase in the volume of incoming information led to the fact that a person was unable to perceive and process the entire volume of incoming information. It became necessary to classify receipts by topic, organize their storage, access to them, understand the patterns of information flow in various publications, etc. The role of libraries in this matter is becoming one of the main ones.
2.1 IRBIS
The library automation system IRBIS is a typical integrated solution in the field of library technologies automation and is intended for use in libraries of any type and profile. The system fully meets the international requirements for such systems, and supports all domestic bibliographic standards and formats. The system allows you to describe all types of publications.
The system is fully compatible with the international formats UNIMARC and USMARC based on a two-way data conversion facility, and also supports the Russian communicative format RUSMARC.
IRBIS allows creating and maintaining any number of databases that make up the Electronic Catalog (EC) or are problem-oriented bibliographic databases (DB).
The system offers a technology for the automatic formation of dictionaries, on the basis of which a quick search for any description elements and their combinations is realized. Cataloging tools allow you to process and describe any kind of publications, including non-traditional ones, such as audio and video materials, computer files and programs, cartographic materials, sheet music, etc.
The system supports traditional "paper" technologies, providing opportunities for obtaining a wide range of output forms: from order sheets and summary book to indexes and all types of catalog cards.
IRBIS offers tools for maintaining and using Authoritative files, Alphabetical-subject indexes to UDC / LBC and Thesaurus. This also includes technologies focused on the use of barcodes on copies of publications and library cards.
By means of the system, it is possible to use as illustrative material any objects external to the bibliographic document, such as full texts, graphics, tables, audio and video materials, as well as Internet resources.
The system has ample opportunities to adapt it to the operating conditions of a particular library, i.e. during the transfer and installation of the system, it can be configured in accordance with the specific requirements of the user - starting with the structure of the bibliographic description and ending with user modes of operation.
IRBIS is a sufficiently open system that allows the user to independently make changes in a wide range: from changing input and output forms to developing original applications.
The system implements all standard library technologies, including technologies of acquisition, systematization, cataloging, reader search, book lending and administration, based on the interconnected functioning of five types of automated workstations (AWPs): "Picker", "Cataloguer", "Reader", "Book lending "," Administrator ". When developing AWPs, SCADA systems are usually used to control technological equipment.
Thus, access to IRBIS is unlimited for readers. And easy to learn.
2.2 ABIS
The introduction of high-level ALIS radically changes the activities of the library, the organization and technology of its work.
Automate picking processes - ordering new documents, monitoring implementation, registering receipts, subscribing to periodicals;
Master barcode technologies - all books are currently supplied with barcodes, which are printed in-house on a thermal printer;
Create an automated database of library users, in which each user is assigned an identification number (barcode), which gives access to information about him, etc., information is displayed on the screen when the user's barcode is scanned.
Thus, traditional reader forms are being replaced by electronic ones. By entering your username and password, at any time you can find out what literature is in the electronic form, the timing of its return, the amount of the fine for expired publications. This technology helps to more effectively solve, among other things, debt problems;
Automate the system for issuing educational and scientific literature on library subscriptions, which speeds up the process of serving users. Its essence is registration in the electronic form for issuing and returning publications by reading and aligning the barcodes of the book.
Electronic lending is one of the important achievements of the library in terms of moving away from traditional outdated technologies, this is a qualitatively new level of service;
Create an interactive electronic catalog of a new generation. The catalog allows access to all types of documents available in the library collection.
2.3 Library RFID Equipment
RFID (eng. Radio Frequency IDentification, radio frequency identification) is a method of automatic object identification, in which data stored in so-called transponders, or RFID tags, are read or written by means of radio signals.
Replacing barcoding in the automation of library processes with radio frequency identification technology allows to significantly speed up and improve the quality of library services, relieves the librarian from routine operations, and makes it possible to provide library funds to readers in the public domain.
Instead of barcodes, the library fund is pasted over with radio tags, readers are given electronic library cards - plastic cards. Any RFID card (for example, a social card of a city resident, a universal electronic card) can act as a library card.
On the basis of RFID technologies, anti-theft systems can also function, which demonstrate the most modern algorithm for controlling the movement of objects, unmistakably reacting to a tag with an activated anti-theft function.
To automate the issuance / return of literature and media materials, as well as accounting and inventory of funds, specialized library RFID equipment is used:
* Self-service kiosks.
* Universal stations of issue / return.
* "Smart Shelves".
* Receiving and sorting stations.
* Portable self-service points (biblioloks).
* Portable RFID Readers.
3. ICT technologies at the service of libraries
Libraries are actively adopting the information capabilities that have emerged in connection with the active introduction of tablets and smartphones. The advantages of applications are multiplied by access to the Internet via wi-fi.
There are two large "library" directions for using tablet computers. The first is digital libraries available on tablets (IBooks, Amazon, Many Books). Through these applications, you can purchase fiction, educational, business literature for free and for free. There are applications, for example Papers, that navigate specialized databases, help find and work with digitized scientific publications in the natural, medical, technical and human sciences on a global scale.
Many publishers develop multimedia versions of domestic and foreign newspapers and magazines, hundreds of press titles can be obtained directly by subscribing or buying one-time issues.
The second direction, purely library, when libraries of different types develop special applications for computer tablets. For example, the British Library with the technical support of BiblioLabs has developed an application for the iPad “British Library. Collection of 19th century books. "
This application provides direct access to 19th century facsimile editions of artistic and scientific content. First of all, the developers note the historical nature of the collection, designed to enrich the research and reading experience. It becomes possible to read virtual originals of works by Dickens, Darwin, Swift and many others.
Thus, readers are provided with online access to more than 30,000 books in European and many other languages, the number of which is constantly growing. The developers claim that 350,000 Apple tablet owners have already downloaded this innovative British Library product.
A financial component was also envisaged: access to the entire digitized collection costs $ 3 per month, the library directs this money to maintain and develop this resource.
New computer platforms optimize library services towards accessibility, speed, and the disclosure of unique documentary collections. Many libraries around the world have taken this path. For example, the New York Public Library developed an iPad app for the 1939-1940 US World's Fair as part of the Biblion project. This very brilliant tablet application from a design point of view has a unique collection of historical materials - documents, photos, drawings, films, audio, essays (about 7 thousand documents).
The Library of Congress also offers over 20 different applications for the iPad, including historical photo collections, thematic collections of legal content, daily reports of the activities of the US Congress, and more.
Among the apps-resources, you can find an application of Russian origin - Bibli, through which access to the materials of the NLR electronic library, the largest repository of digital copies of more than 60 thousand documents in Russia - historical publications, maps, postcards, isographic materials, etc. is opened.
The following collections are presented: Bibliographic indexes, Book monuments of the National Library of Russia, Unified preservation fund of audio recordings of Russian musical folklore, Rare book of the 17th-18th centuries, History of the Imperial Public Library, Russian classics, Manuscript materials, National literatures, etc., 20 book collections in total covering large time periods.
Also provided access to the author's abstracts of candidate and doctoral dissertations in the amount of 300,000 titles for the period 2000-2010. This resource is not only similar to the resource of the British Library, but even surpasses it, at least quantitatively.
A large block of applications is presented by medical libraries - interactive reference and scientific medical materials. A cursory glance suggests that the developers do not follow the standard path, but always offer original ways of reflecting information that maximize ease of perception.
Public libraries have their own standard applications, through which remote feedback from readers is established. The unified technology platform was developed by Boopsie. It provides for a search in an electronic catalog, establishing the location of a book in the system of regional libraries, booking publications, and downloading electronic formats. Smart search in the catalog provides for a short set of letters, for example, "alr pshn" is automatically recognized as "Alexander Pushkin".
The number of headings in libraries is different, depending on the scale of the activity. Through the iPad application, the public library informs about current and upcoming events, projects, about the time and conditions for participation in circles, conferences, movements, parties for children. There is a section for help with homework, a page "Ask the librarian", "New additions", links to Facebook and Twitter, and much more. Thus, the local library really approaches its reader, becomes the organizer and leader of the reading movement in the local community.
The "library" potential of computer tablets and smartphones has yet to be revealed. In any case, the constantly evolving ICT technologies are an excellent support for the development of the library activity itself, allowing to bring closer and effectively master the rich library resources.
4. Innovationsin librarianship
One of the traditional directions of the library's activity is to ensure the preservation of documentary funds. Increasingly, modern libraries are associated with information centers, which is confirmed by the terminology: open electronic library; corporate center (network / system); information center; library and information center; association of consortia, etc. But, having at its disposal millions of storage units and terabytes of information, organizing continuous access to this information, the library is still looking for an opportunity to preserve it.
Analyzing the publications of recent years and the experience of libraries, it is possible to identify the main directions of innovative transformations in the field of ensuring the safety of library collections:
1. Creation of electronic copies of documents (digitization). This moment is relevant for local history, rare and valuable documents (including book monuments) and allows you to limit the user's direct contact with the original, at the same time to get acquainted with a unique document.
In addition, databases created on the basis of electronic copies allow users to work in remote access mode. In this regard, the problem of the system of accounting for electronic copies, the possibility of their library checking as part of the fund, writing off and / or restoring, is urgent.
2. Modern technologies that make it possible to recreate copies of documents, accompanying exhibits, interiors in 3D format, allow you to take a fresh look at the possibilities of organizing an exhibition. Virtual exhibitions create additional attractiveness for the library, opening up the opportunity for the modern user to get acquainted with the exhibits, sometimes rare, hidden from view most of the time. Such opportunities open up prospects not only for the libraries themselves, but also for the museums of books created on their bases.
3. The use of modern security technologies that provide reliable physical protection of documents and their accounting. It can be either a system for applying a barcode to a document that is a thing of the past, or the use of modern RFID technologies.
4. It is necessary to note such an aspect as the creation of a depository of electronic documents. Backing up electronic documents helps to protect the database from system failures and errors. Having a backup, you can easily restore the entire database or its individual objects. At the same time, of course, one of the prerequisites for the successful functioning of electronic document depositories is a guaranteed system of access to it.
5. In the list of the main problems of ensuring the preservation of library funds, it is necessary to note the measures for the conservation and restoration of documents. Innovations have fully touched this area: research on the durability of various grades of paper, magnetic media, optical disks; reducing the acidity of the paper due to its neutralization; refilling and restoration of paper. All types of work are carried out using modern equipment and innovative technologies.
Self-service book station is another innovative solution for the open access fund.
This station is indispensable for open access halls, because it is designed to minimize the queues in the library through the implementation of operations of self-lending of books. The system is very undemanding, has a user-friendly interface (English and Russian languages are available). An automated library system and a library card are required to work.
After the reader has selected the books, he must insert the reader's card into the station's card reader and enter the password (to exclude the possibility of using someone else's library card), then put the books on the reader. The system automatically writes books to the ABIS for a given reader, turns off the anti-theft bit and issues a receipt with information about the books taken.
Automatic book return station It is used in libraries with increased workload in order to reduce book return queues and reduce the workload of librarians, especially during periods of heightened reader activity. Requires an automated library system and an RFID (or barcode) library card. A reader wishing to return books inserts a library card into a card reader and enters a password, when the reader is identified, he puts the books (individually) in a special window in the station. The system reads the code from the tag in the book, writes off the given book from the reader, activates the anti-theft bit of the tag and sends the book to the receiver. At the end of the operation, the reader is given a receipt for the books handed over.
Thus, the introduction of innovative technologies in information and library services for the population keeps pace with the times, simplifying the work of the librarian and providing more and more opportunities for obtaining information for the user.
Zconcluding
With the advent of new computer and telecommunication technologies, the possibilities of libraries as information and cultural centers have significantly expanded. New information technologies have transformed the traditional library functions. New content has appeared in such basic technological processes as acquisition and cataloging. Significant changes have also taken place in the service of library readers who have gained access to electronic network resources located on the Internet. The computer is a full-fledged tool of the librarian along with the card catalog and the reader's form.
Today, modern possibilities of using computer and Internet technologies in the library are very extensive - from simple typing and printing of text to compiling complex information retrieval systems.
A list of those types of library activities that are unthinkable today without the use of new information technologies:
Creation and support of local and corporate, electronic catalogs;
Creation and support of digital libraries;
Editorial and publishing activities;
Creation and maintenance of databases (library statistics, personnel);
Interaction with other libraries in the exchange of information and the creation of common information resources;
Serving visitors with the help of media libraries, full-text databases, legal databases, the Internet, etc .;
Purchasing books from online stores;
Scanning services and electronic delivery of documents.
Automation and widespread use of electronic technology are becoming one of the most pressing problems in the library industry.
The intensive use of information technology simplifies and accelerates the process of obtaining information, but it also has a downside. Interest in reading falls, and sometimes the very existence of the library is in doubt. Thus, the question arises of creating a certain unified system, where electronic technologies and traditional methods of working with readers (such as, for example, traveling book exhibitions), would successfully complement each other.
Undoubtedly, today the library strives to become an intellectual socio-cultural institution, a place for informational and spiritual communication, a starting point for new ideas and innovations.
One of the conditions for the prosperity of citizens in the new information and communication environment of society in the 21st century is the ability to navigate in the variety of existing information resources, to carry out an operational search for information, its assessment and effective use to create new knowledge on this basis.
Information competence is recognized by the world community as the basic competence of an individual for life in the 21st century and the most important component of professional competence. That is, professional qualifications are determined by the degree of computer skills, the use of electronic resources in the work.
The key role in this difficult matter should be assigned to the library.
Library informatics is faced with a task of extraordinary importance and extraordinary complexity: to humanize informatization and inform humanism. This is the social mission of libraries in the information society.
List of used literature:
1. Aleshin, L.I. Providing automated library information systems (ALIS). - M .: Forum, 2012 .-- 432 p.
2. Bazhenov, S.R. Development of an automated workstation for an IBA employee under IRBIS [Text] / S.R. Bazhenov // Bibliosphere. - 2009. - No. 2. - 156 p.
3. Librarianship - 2014: library and information activities and documentary information communications in the field of culture and education: materials of the nineteenth international scientific conference (Moscow, April 23-24, 2014). - Part I. - M .: MGUKI, 2014 .-- 282 p.
4. Brodovsky, A.I. New solutions and directions of development of the IRBIS library automation system [Text] / AI Brodovsky, BI Marshak // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2006. - No. 11. - 234 p.
5. Galanicheva, G.G. Automated information and library systems [Text] / G.G. Galanicheva // Directory of the head of a cultural institution. - 2009. - No. 4. - 78 p.
6. Golubenko, N.B. Information technology in librarianship. - Rostov-on-Don: Phoenix, 2012 .-- 288 p.
7. Dvorkina, M. Ya. Library services: New reality: Lectures [Text] / M.Ya. Dvorkin. - M.: Publishing house MGUKI; IPO Profizdat, 2000 .-- 46 p.
8. Karaush, A.S. Development of information technologies in the library: a look into the future [Text] / A.S. Karaush, A.S. Makarevich // Scientific and technical libraries. - 2008. - No. 1.
Applications
Library RFID Tag
Inventory Reader
Automatic book return station
Anti-theft system
The modern library model
Kemerovo Library will issue e-books
Library named after Fedorova opened test access to e-books "Liters: Library".
More than 75 thousand books, the list of which is constantly growing, are now available for reading to library visitors. Users can not only read them from the monitor screen in the library, but also upload them to a smartphone or tablet. The system "Liters: Library" allows the librarian to issue an e-book to the reader, or he can get independent access to the e-book on any device with Internet access.
Issuance of publications will be carried out in compliance with all copyrights, e-books are protected from copying. Editions in electronic form are issued for a time and are independently removed from the device at the end of the term. The electronic copy is virtually returned to the library and can be issued to the next reader.
Thus, the process is completely identical to the work of the classical library.
Libibus - library on wheels
The first library bus in the Yaroslavl region was purchased for the Rostov intersettlement library. The mobile complex will help residents of remote villages and villages not only borrow books, newspapers and magazines, but also get access to the Internet and use government services.
The library bus is equipped with everything you need: bookshelves, laptops and a TV.
- The Rostov region is the first in the region where a similar project is being implemented on the basis of the municipal library. The library bus will deliver novelties of the book market to every home and thereby help to overcome the difficulty of access to information resources for residents of remote settlements, - says the head of the Rostov region Vladimir Goncharov.
The bus was purchased thanks to the district's participation in the federal program "Culture of Russia". According to the press service of the Rostov region administration, more than 2.8 million rubles were allocated for the purchase of a library bus from the federal budget, about 700 thousand rubles - from the municipal budget.
The UNESCO World Digital Science Library opens
The new Internet project provides teachers, students, schoolchildren with free access to educational materials and manuals on information about scientific research and natural sciences.
On November 10, 2014, the World Digital Science Library opened at www.unesco.org/wls, a collaborative effort between UNESCO, Nature Education and Roche. It aims to provide access to the latest scientific information to students around the world, particularly in disadvantaged regions, and enable them to exchange experiences and gain knowledge through peer discussion in a shared learning environment.
The library contains numerous scientific resources. In addition, it is a modern digital platform that acts as a learning hub. Users can attend classes, create groups, and connect with other students.
The library is based on the idea that educational resources and scientific knowledge should be free and accessible to everyone. Therefore, the library resources are in the public domain. They can be adapted and used for educational or non-commercial purposes.
At the moment, the library's website contains over 300 reference articles, 70 videos in English and 25 scientific books.
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