Adenium mini is a dwarf variety of obesum adenium (obesum). It has all the features characteristic of a "tall brother": thickening in the lower part of the trunk (caudex), gorgeous flowering, unpretentiousness.
Benefits of Miniature Varieties
The size
Adenium mini-size is an ideal option for lovers of exotic flowering succulents when there is absolutely no space left on the windowsill. An adult bush (by the age of 4-5) reaches a height of only 20 cm. Low-growing varieties have been bred quite recently and are not common, so you can buy them only by seeds.
The compactness of the miniature allows you not to think about annual tree pruning. Mini varieties branch themselves, in contrast to the "full-size" options.
Bloom
Dwarf plants will also delight with flowering: it often begins from the first year of life and practically does not stop even in winter with proper care. The size of the flower is also noteworthy: 5-7 cm in diameter.
Breeders have not yet managed to derive the number of shades and patterns of flowers that are found in obese adenium. There are white, pink, red and white-pink inflorescences.
Secrets of growing "desert roses" from seeds
In order to grow your own "miniature", you should:
- Buy seeds of pass adeniums.
- Select sowing containers: small, shallow, individual for each seed.
- Prepare the soil - nutritious, but light and loose. It is imperative to use expanded clay or pebbles as drainage in order to exclude stagnant moisture and root rot.
- The pot must not be completely filled with soil. Be sure to leave about 1 cm of free height for watering.
- The planting material, previously soaked (in warm water with the addition of potassium permanganate) for a day, is laid out on the surface of the soil and slightly sunk into it with a light pressure. Humidification of the earthen coma is made from a spray bottle.
- The sown mini adenium seeds should be packed in a bag to maintain constant moisture.
- The best temperature for germination is 25-30 degrees. Seedlings of the miniature variety appear later than that of the usual “desert rose”. After a week or two, sprouts will begin to appear.
- The emerging plants are placed on the sunniest windowsill.
- Watering the seedlings is carried out very carefully, after the soil has completely dried out.
- Plants are fed twice a month.
Adenium mini is a great option for lovers of rare plants. Periodic watering and bright sun are the basic needs of the crop to obtain abundant long flowering on a dwarf plant.
Small, bright flowers that adorn the windowsills of city apartments and country houses Adenium mini are charming little branching trees, at the base of which there is a wide caudex, and the leaves resemble bright green glossy paper. They are compact, fit perfectly into the interior of any home, filling it with an atmosphere of harmony, comfort and tranquility. If their care is organized correctly, at home mini adeniums bloom in the second year of life and delight their owner with a long and delightful flowering.
To learn more about these amazing flowers, which hold a special place among all adeniums, let's take a closer look at them.
Mini adeniums are different, but have a lot in common
In nature, their relative, the giant adenium, reaches two meters, and the height of the mini, like other dwarf plants, is small - only about 17 centimeters. They reach this size by the age of five and represent an original decorative tree in a pot. But all year round, they allow you to admire their bright, pink-bud-like flowers. As a result of the painstaking work of breeders, mini adeniums are currently represented by different varieties:
- White. The variety was one of the last to be bred. Its large white flowers are striking in their beauty and even outlines of petals, therefore Mini White is in the first place in popularity;
- Pink. Adenium mini Pink blooms in a delicate pink color. The centerpiece is white. There is no clear border of color transition, towards the edge the color becomes richer and brighter.
- Red. Scarlet flowers have a dark border and a white core. The smooth transition from white to scarlet makes this mini adenium even more mysterious and magnificent.
Several flowers bloom at the same time on Mini of any variety, covering the plant with bright, colorful decoration. Florists prefer to propagate mini grafts or seeds.
I would like to say a few words about the richi monadenium. An ornamental plant is becoming more and more popular due to its exotic appearance. Like all minis, it is dwarf, on the lower fragment of the trunk there is a caudex, and the trunk itself looks like a hill of "cones" with three or four leaves at the top. In early spring, with good maintenance, gently pink flowers appear at the top.
How to properly organize care
As with obese adenium, the main requirement at home is good lighting. These plants are similar, so the requirements for growing them are the same. Their homeland is the Arabian Peninsula, so they tolerate high air temperatures and bright light well.
In order for the plant to bloom at home as long as possible, in a temperate climate, flowers need additional lighting. The substrate should be loose, nutritious, and allow air and water to pass through well. An important condition for the Mini is good drainage.
Don't be surprised if the flower emerges from the caudex. The beginning of flowering depends on how well you organized the care of the Mini. Some specimens bloom in the first year of life, although this does not last long, there are mini ones that are in no hurry to pamper their owners.
If you organized the care correctly and the Mini feels good at home, an adult flower will bloom for twelve days.
Things to remember for proper care
Proper home care consists in good lighting, regular but not abundant watering, moderate humidity and temperature control.
Drying out of the earth, like abundant watering, leads to a disease of the root system, from which the plant can die. If the plant suffers from a lack of moisture, the leaves on it begin to turn yellow and crumble, and flowering is deposited for an indefinite period.
The treatment involves replanting the flower into a new, larger pot. The root system grows quickly, and if it is cramped, the flower will die. This happens if several flowers are planted in one pot. Young plants are transplanted once a year, those that are older - once every two or three years. Adult flowers need to be transplanted as soon as they become crowded in the pot. Transplanting is not only about getting more room for root growth and development. It is also providing the root at home with all the necessary minerals and trace elements.
In winter, the flower should not be watered, but this is done very carefully, in small portions, every seven days.
Growing flowers from seeds at home
Seed germination is very difficult to predict, but still consider how this is done. Seeds are planted in March - April to a depth of no more than a centimeter. If there is no special container, a small plastic box with a lid can be used for this purpose, so that there is a possibility of airing two or three times a day. Excessive moisture at home is dangerous for the seeds, so spraying is used instead of watering.
At a temperature of about 30 degrees, seedlings may appear in a week. Two months after germination, the seedlings are planted and fed with fertilizer for succulents.
Growing adenium is not an easy, but very interesting activity; it gives flower lovers a lot of pleasant minutes.
More recently, adenium mini was inferior in popularity to its large counterparts. But now the miniature baby is deservedly loved by flower growers, who especially appreciate the early, practically from germination, branching, slow development and wonderful flowers.
Unfortunately, the color of mini adenium flowers grown from commercial seeds can be unstable. Adenium growers suggest that the manufacturer is not too careful about pollination of mother plants, because having bought seeds of a variety with scarlet or snow-white petals, as a result, they often get pink flowers with a lightened throat. However, many growers buy cute dwarfs in their collection because of their height and are not very upset about not blooming as expected. Sometimes babies delight their owners with unusual curled leaves.
Adenium mini (Adenium Mini Size) originated a little over 10 years ago thanks to the efforts of the Taiwanese breeder Chi-Lung Ko. The dwarf is obtained from plants of the species Adenium obesum, which have undergone spontaneous genetic mutation.
Slow-growing babies, not exceeding 12–17 cm in adulthood, were bred by selection over the course of several years. However, even with such a small growth, they have a pronounced caudex. The foliage is bright emerald, dense, covers the stems with a dense “cap”, so that the thickening of the trunk is imperceptible. Flowers, often appearing for the first time already in the second year of life, are practically not inferior in decorativeness and size to large-sized adeniums.
Mini adenium varieties
Today, 4 varieties of adenium Mini Size are considered officially recognized, differing from each other in the colors of the corollas:
Sunup Star is the ancestor of mini adeniums with snow-white petals outlined with a wide pink border. The variety appeared first and received its name "Morning Star" after other varieties were bred;
Pink - with pale pink flowers, in which the edges are richer, and closer to the throat the shade is lighter;
Red - with velvety scarlet petals and a white neck;
White - with snow-white rims. The variety was bred last, but in terms of popularity it is in the first positions. However, for him, a pure white flower is still a rarity, despite the fact that the seed manufacturer claims that the planting material from plants sown in 2014 is completely white flowering.
Growing adenium mini from seeds
Seeds of mini adeniums have a low germination rate - about 60-70%. In order to increase it, the producer often uses pollen from tall species and varieties during pollination. That is why both ordinary adeniums and dwarfs are often present in crops. Experienced adenium breeders believe that pollination of babies and among themselves gives a good result when sowing, and attracting large-growth relatives to the pollination process is a common reinsurance of the breeder-producer.
Accommodation requirements
Like its obese adenium progenitors, the mini loves bright lighting. Due to their compactness, the plants are placed on windows predominantly southward, placing the pots in several rows, as far as the width of the window sill allows.
They make sure that the cold is not drawn from the window panes, the plant is sensitive to hypothermia. With sufficiently abundant watering under hypothermia conditions, the caudex will suffer from decay.
The optimum temperatures for the content of adenium mini are high - from 22 to 28 degrees and above, in winter it is allowed to reduce the thermometer readings to 15-18 degrees above zero, but watering should also be less water and less often than in summer.
Adenium mini care
Watering adenium mini differs from moistening tall relatives in a reduced abundance. The crown of the baby is well developed, it evaporates moisture not much less than a tall succulent, but the caudex is more compact and, therefore, stores moisture in small quantities. That is why watering the baby should be more balanced in order to exclude the possibility of both overflow and lack of moisture.
Complete drying of the substrate must also not be allowed. There are cases when the mini, after a three-week absence of watering, completely threw off all the foliage, recovered for a long time and for a period of 8 months, while usually the plants of this adenium variety form buds almost constantly throughout the year, with the exception of a short dormant period.
The babies are fed once every 2 weeks with fertilizers for succulents, preferring formulations with a low nitrogen content. The dose in the preparation of the solution is reduced by half or three times compared to that indicated by the manufacturer on the package. In winter, fertilization is not stopped while the plant forms buds, but it is carried out less often - once every 3 or 4 weeks. For the rest period, feeding is stopped.
Adenium mini branches very early, starting from 3–8 months of life, and is not needed. In general, the crown develops compactly and without pinching stimulating branching.
Possible difficulties, diseases and pests
In caring for adenium mini, it is important to observe the correct watering, lighting and temperature regime. With a violation of any conditions of keeping the plant health, problems begin: from waterlogging at low temperatures it softens and, from a lack of watering, leaves turn yellow and fall off, from a lack of light, the plant forms buds inactively, and sometimes discards them.
Usually, after eliminating care gaps, the succulent restores its external healthy appearance, but with rot it turns out much more difficult: diseased plants are removed from the soil, the affected root areas are cut off and treated with antibacterial agents. If the lesion is extensive, and the root system is almost completely destroyed by rot, it remains only to cut off healthy pagons and rooted them again or grafted onto healthy seedlings.
Our store has been selling adeniums for five years now and often advises buyers in the selection of seeds. The main problem for all beginners is that they are guided by beautiful photographs and are waiting for the bloom just like on them. Unfortunately, it doesn't work that way. Let's figure out why.
In this article, we will tell you about three popular myths about adeniums, you will learn how to choose the right seeds, and also learn all about nurseries in Asia.
Myth # 1: Adenium from seeds can bloom exactly according to the variety
Breeding in the world of adenium is developing rapidly. Over the past ten years, more than 500 varieties have been bred. And their number is growing every year.
But alas, the varietal traits in adenium are not fixed and are not inherited through seeds. This means that choosing from a picture is meaningless if you are hoping to get an exact copy of the variety. As a result, the flowering will be very different from the declared one and will only partially inherit the features of the parents. On rare occasions, it can be very similar, but it's more of luck.
In good time-tested nurseries, there are two types of seeds: varietal seeds and hand-pollinated seeds. Let's talk in more detail about each of them.
Varietal seeds
In catalogs, they look like a photograph with the name of the variety. And here is the main trap for a beginner. The picture does not promise that such a bloom can be obtained from these seeds. She only reports that seeds were obtained from a plant of this variety. But few people understand this.
Parents. The mother plant is shown in the photo of the variety. And that's all we know about the genealogy of such seeds. In some nurseries, the father is matched with similar colors. But more often than not, this is a simple, single-row, pink-colored savage - they are called Pink.
Bloom. Nurseries do not appreciate this kind of planting material. It practically does not produce unique blooms. In the best case, the flowers will be terry. It will be lucky if they inherit maternal traits, at least partially.
Price. The average price tag for 2018, on the Russian market, is 25-50 rubles per seed. This relatively low price makes this floral roulette very popular.
Hand pollination seeds
It is easy to distinguish them in catalogs. One photo shows two varieties that were crossed. Usually on the left is mom, on the right is dad. A picture that speaks for itself. But beginners usually bypass the side, since it is not clear what to expect from such seeds in the end. And something vague scares them.
Parents. As already mentioned, both parents are known for these seeds. It is believed that the mother plant is responsible for the shape and size of the flower, and the father for the color. This is very arbitrary, since the genetic mechanisms for the transmission of traits are much more complex.
Bloom. Hand pollination in nurseries is highly regarded. This is a very painstaking job. These seeds are more expensive, and the sowing result can exceed all expectations. In addition, the percentage of double flowers is much higher. Inexperienced buyers rarely understand their full value. But it is from them that new, unlike anything else, varieties are obtained, for which collectors from all over the world line up.
Price. For 2018, the average price tag is 60-120 rubles per seed. Another reason for the lack of popularity of these seeds. But the miser pays twice.
Myth # 2: Seed-grown adeniums do not bloom
This is the most popular myth among newbies. In fact, on average, adeniums bloom one and a half years after planting. Everything will depend on the conditions and genetic characteristics of the plant itself.
Sometimes there are especially stubborn specimens that torture their owners for five years. But they need their own approach.
It also happens the other way around, when already at six months the seedling pleases with its first flowering. But this happens very rarely.
Adenium may never bloom if you keep them in the north window, in the cold. At the same time, do not organize additional lighting with lamps and do not use bottom heating. Bright light and warm ground are basic conditions. Without them, the plant will not only bloom, but also grow.
Myth number 3: For flowering adeniums need to be grafted
If you carefully read the information about the previous two myths, then this one will not cause you any doubts. Of course it is not. But then what is the vaccine for?
We have already figured out what kind of flowering can be obtained from seeds. And we realized that it will not be the same as in the photo of the kennel. But you really want to. This is exactly what the vaccine is for - to copy the adenium variety.
For example, we have a very simple flowering plant. And our friend's Adenium blooms so beautifully that everyone around is jealous. We ask her for a small stalk and plant it on our not very successful specimen. And now we can also enjoy this variety at home.
And also with Asian nurseries. We want to get a unique plant - we buy seeds. We need a specific variety - we take an adult grafted adenium.
How to choose good seeds
Now that we know which seeds are on the market, let's learn how to choose them. The task is not easy, because we cannot predict what the bloom will be like. But you can follow some guidelines.
1. Choosing a color
The flowering result is unpredictable, but the offspring must inherit some of the traits from their parents. Over the years of selection, some patterns have been identified.
Pink, red and white colors are transmitted in 80–90% of cases. Yellow, orange and striped flowers are inherited up to 70%. Dark red and purple colors are transmitted by only 20% of the offspring.
But all these paints will compete with each other. For example, if you cross a red-white flower and a yellow-striped one, then, most likely, we will not get yellow offspring, because the red color will be stronger. But this is a struggle of genes, who will be the winner is decided by nature.
Sometimes the war of genes leads to completely unexpected results. When on one plant we can see several flowering options. Such adeniums are called chameleons.
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a bouquet of different flowers / Rosa Chen |
weather / Yang Ming Adenium |
Adenium |
This is why knowing the pedigree of seeds is important in understanding what can come from them. The principle of similarity works best for producing seedlings that look like their parents.
2. Choosing a shape
Most growers prefer terry varieties, but, unfortunately, this trait is not transmitted so often. And, here, single-row flowers, also called singles, are much easier to get. If you love them, then you are more fortunate.
For everyone else, hand-pollinated seeds are the best choice. Their percentage of terry is much higher. Only 20-30% that the offspring will be single row. That is, if you plant ten seeds of one pollination, only two or three seedlings will be singles.
A completely different story with varietal seeds. Here everything will depend on the father, hidden from view. If it is single-row, and the mother is terry, then 60% of the offspring will be obtained in singles. That is six seedlings for ten seeds.
3. Choosing a seller
Especially valuable are the seeds of Russian collectors, which they received in apartment conditions or greenhouses. Usually they are in very high demand and record for several years to come. But it’s worth it, as they are guaranteed freshness and quality.
4. Choosing a price
The rule of the golden mean will work here.
Very cheap seeds should alert you. No, of course, Pinky's can cost 2.5 rubles a thing. But for sure, you will not get a beautiful bloom for that kind of money, no matter what attractive picture it is sold under.
The main leaders and gurus of adenium farming are countries such as Vietnam, Thailand and Taiwan. There are breeders with good results in other countries. But for now, their seeds are just as hard to come by as those grown in Russia.
Although the very high price for a seed is not a guarantee of quality, or rather, over quality. Some sellers raise the price tag a lot, spicing up this business with some kind of enticing inscriptions. For example: elite varieties, exclusive series and other nonsense - sounds good. And the seeds are the same, only more expensive. And it seems that of them, there will definitely be results, as in the picture. But alas.
5. Choosing a nursery
Let's discuss in more detail what kind of sellers from Asia are, and what seeds they sell to us.
All Russian sellers are purchased from the same Asian breeders. There are not many of them, but the work and policies of these nurseries are significantly different. This, of course, affects the quality of the seeds.
The main leaders and gurus of adenium farming are countries such as Vietnam, Thailand and Taiwan. There are breeders with good results in other countries. But for now, their seeds are just as hard to come by as those grown in Russia.
The more reliable the nursery, the more likely it is to get interesting blooms in shape and color.
Reliable nurseries
Kennel of Mr. Chi Lung Ko (Taiwan) is one of the most famous and oldest manufacturers in the world. And everything seems to be good in it: the assortment is wide, the price is low, sometimes worthwhile blooms are obtained. But something, nevertheless, confuses. Or endless stocks of seeds of any kind with a static catalog. Or maybe a low percentage of masterpieces from these seeds. But there are many satisfied.
- Range: wide
- Price: lowest in relation to quality
- Results: medium, few masterpieces
Yang Ming Adenium or Orient Adenium (Taiwan)- The first name belongs to the nursery, the second to the sales agent, which only works in certain markets. Confusion often arises because of this. The name Orient is more popular in Russia.
This is a very well-known and respected kennel. But here the price is already higher and the quality is appropriate. The results are often worthwhile. In varietal seeds, the father is chosen strictly according to the principle of detail. By the way, they tend to run out of seeds, and the assortment is often updated.
- Range: wide
- Price: high
- Results: good, masterpieces are obtained often
Brahma Garden -LEO BMA (Taiwan)- a young nursery, which is still under construction. But the results of his selection are impressive. Now the cost of its seeds is one of the highest. But this is due to the small volumes and the incredible out-of-supply demand.
This breeder is something like Armani or Chanel in the world of adenium growers. He does not sell varietal seeds, only hand pollination. Considers trading in pictures a fraudulent practice. In his catalog there are many experiments on crossing varieties from different nurseries. But alas, vaccinations are not yet available. In general, if you manage to buy seeds from this nursery, you are the owners of the treasure.
- Range: small, only hand pollination
- Price: very high
- Results: even singles turn out to be masterpieces
Siam Adenium (Thailand)- a guru in breeding. They use not just random breeding of varieties according to the type - crossed and received, but a conscious, scientific approach. But due to the high cost, it is not widespread in Russia.
One of the few ways to get something very close to the declared picture from varietal seeds is to buy them in this nursery. Hand pollination is rarely sold here. Apparently, they know the value of their selection.
This seller can be recommended to everyone: beginners and pros. But the seeds will most likely have to be bought directly from the nursery. In recent years, only their vaccinations have been sold in Russia, and there are frequent cases of re-grading. This casts a shadow on the quality of the nursery's work and confidence in it.
- Range: Not very wide. Mainly only varietal seeds, rarely hand pollination.
- Price: very high. If you take 10,000 seeds, then average.
- Results: probably not bad. In Russia, we have not yet seen the flowering of seedlings from their seeds.
Mr. Kesorn (Thailand)- just a reliable, stable seller. Does not sell varietal seeds. Adheres to the same policy as Brahma Garden. But it has a meager assortment. And it is already rarely found on Russian markets. Russian adenium breeding began with him. But competitors pushed him out of our market.
Perhaps small groups still sell his seeds. Their price should attract newbies. But don't expect much from them.
- Range: modest
- Price: low
- Results: modest, masterpieces are not worth waiting for.
Unreliable nurseries
King Adenium (Thailand) is a relatively well-known manufacturer. But in Russia there are still few results of sowing the seeds of this nursery. Mostly all unsuccessful, with simple pink seedlings. On the one hand, seeds are not cheap. On the other hand, there are creepy, processed photographs. But in Russia there are good grafted plants from King Adenium, which bloom according to the variety. So, at the moment, it is difficult to judge unambiguously.
- Range: not very wide, only varietal seeds
- Price: high
- Result: doubtful
Saigon Adenium (Vietnam) is one of the most volatile suppliers in Asia. He wants to scold and praise at the same time. But since we are talking about seeds, we will, nevertheless, speak in a negative light.
First, it should be mentioned that the breeding of adenium was born in this nursery. The first terry variety, Doxon, was bred here. Just cosmic colors and forms of flowers are created here every year. But all this is canceled out by the terrible organization of the sales process.
All seeds are numbered. This is for convenience, as the names are mostly unpronounceable. And everything would be fine, even convenient - it's easier to write the number. But these numbers are constantly jumping. Either some sort is marked as 16, then it is already 61. How to order is not clear, what will be sent is also unclear.
Although the price tag does not bite, I don’t want to order. Immediately you remember the high percentage of re-grading that they send in grafted plants. The amount of rot and sick adeniums is also off scale. Desires all this discourages completely. Seeds and plants are, of course, different categories of goods. But the principle of the nursery is the same.
We do not risk working with this cattery and do not advise you. We will see the results, perhaps change our mind.
- Range: so wide that the nursery itself gets confused
- Price: slightly above average
- Results: seed sales started only this summer. No results yet.
Nurseries with Aliexpress (China)- no matter how many stories you tell about what comes from this wonderful site, everything is not enough for the economical one. If you love roulette, this is the place for you.
This is not really a nursery, but they order here with enviable regularity. Although more often they get a string or burdock instead of adenium. It is, however, very cheap. Of course, the rare blue varieties that are declared by the seller will definitely not work. But there is a small chance that the seeds of the desired plant will be sent.
- Range: huge, photoshop would work
- Price: very low
- Result: sometimes adeniums grow
A quick beginner's cheat sheet
- Adenium grown from seed blooms.
- In order for adenium to bloom, it is not necessary to graft it.
- Grafting is needed to completely copy the variety.
- Seedlings of adenium can only partially inherit varietal characteristics.
- A beautiful, unique plant is easier to obtain from hand-pollinated seeds.
- The seeds of hand pollination are better for transferring terry. And we can guess how they will bloom, since we know their parents.
- Reliable nurseries value their products. Therefore, good seeds are more expensive.
Description Reviews Images
Adenium, "Desert Rose", "Impala Lily" originally from the arid regions of Africa appeared on the domestic flower market relatively recently and immediately won great sympathy for indoor plant lovers.
Adeniums are succulents. They store water and nutrients in a large thickening of the trunk at the bottom of the plant. Under natural conditions, adeniums grow up to 10 m in height, and at home their sizes vary between 30-35 cm. With good care, adenium can bloom starting from 1.5 years and even earlier.
Mini adeniums ideal for those who have limited space for keeping indoor plants. In general, they will be a very valuable and incredibly lovely piece in your collection. Such adeniums are compact in size, neat crown and dark green shiny "curling" leaves. The dwarfism of adenium appears already in the first days of life. Remember that mini adenium seeds germinate more slowly than normal seeds. Seedlings appear from 5 days to 1 month.
All parts of the plant are poisonous.
Care.
The most important condition for normal development is a sunny location. The plant should receive bright light from direct sunlight. In the warm season, it is recommended to take it out into the fresh air (balcony, terrace).
The optimum temperature for growth is from +25 to +35 C. In winter, it can drop to + 12 + 15 C, while the plant falls into a dormant period and can partially or completely lose its foliage. The need for a dormant period is not essential when growing adenium, therefore heating and artificial lighting can be used in winter.
In summer, water the plant with drying the substrate between waterings, and in winter, watering should be minimal, be guided by the state of the plant. Once every 2-3 weeks, adenium is fed with fertilizer for cacti or universal fertilizer in a half dose.
The transplant is carried out, if necessary, in the spring and summer. Young plants are transplanted every year, adults - every 2-4 years. Use a neutral, light soil (universal or peat soil for cacti, coconut briquette) with the addition of a large (up to 50%) amount of rippers (perlite, sand, fine expanded clay, brick chips, vermiculite, etc.). Pruning and pinching is recommended to stimulate branching.
Growing from seeds.
Seeds begin to germinate within 24 hours, and the germination rate, subject to all conditions, is from 70 to 100%. They can be pre-soaked for 4 hours (no more!), But this is not a mandatory procedure. In the summer, the seeds are germinated on a sunny windowsill, in the rest of the year they are heated.
For planting, use moisture and air permeable, drained neutral soil. Coconut flakes, perlite, charcoal, sand, vermiculite are used as a moisture-absorbing additive. The seeds are laid out on a moistened substrate, you can slightly press them into the ground, but you do not need to completely fill them up. Cover with foil.
Important! The air temperature should not fall below +25 degrees at this time and not above +35 (it is better to put a thermometer next to it). Warmth in the cold season is provided by heating from below, for which a mini greenhouse is placed on a heating pad, battery, shoe dryer.
Also remember to open and ventilate. Ventilation is necessary for air access to avoid rotting seeds and seedlings. If heating is used, control the humidity by spraying. Drafts should be feared.
Seedling care.
