(etaudioic) - a dibasic limiting carboxylic acid, which is a chemical substance in the form of colorless crystals, soluble in water, partially - in diethyl and ethyl alcohol, insoluble in benzene, chloroform, petroleum ether. The esters and salts of this acid are called oxalates. This chemical reagent belongs to strong organic acids, the melting point of which is -189.5 °C. In nature, in a free form, this chemical compound, as well as in the form of oxalates (esters and salts of oxalic acid) of potassium and calcium, is found in many plants: rhubarb, beans, spinach, nuts, soybeans. This acid is formed during oxalic acid fermentation. For the first time, this type of acid was obtained in the process of synthesizing cyanogen by the chemist Friedrich Wöhler (Germany, 1824).
Application of oxalic acid
Like any acid, oxalic acid is used in the following industries due to its unique properties:
- chemical (in the manufacture of plastics, dyes, inks, pyrotechnics);
- metallurgical (for cleaning metals from corrosion, oxides, scale, rust);
- textile and leather (as a mordant, when dyeing silk and wool);
- beekeeping (for processing bees);
- household chemicals (included in many detergents and powders as a bleaching and disinfectant);
- analytical chemistry (precipitator of rare earth elements);
- microscopy (section bleach);
- cosmetology (whitening component for freckles);
- medicine and pharmacology;
- woodworking.
The importance of oxalic acid for the body
This chemical compound in the human body is an intermediate product that is excreted in the urine as calcium salts. In case of violation of mineral metabolism, salts of this acid take part in the formation of stones in the bladder and kidneys. This organic acid found in raw vegetables is very beneficial for our body. It easily combines with calcium and promotes its absorption. Oxalic acid in boiled vegetables has a negative effect on health, as it becomes inorganic. This leads to the binding of calcium, and as a result - to a lack of it in the bone tissue, which is the cause of its damage. The daily excretion of oxalic acid with urine in an adult is 20 mg, in children up to 1.29 mg / kg.
Precautionary measures
Oxalic acid is a flammable, highly toxic and toxic chemical reagent, therefore, only those laboratory employees who have undergone special safety instructions are allowed to work with it:
- work is carried out in a special laboratory glassware. If the laboratory glassware is made of another material, the acid may react with it;
- in order to avoid getting oxalic acid on the skin, respiratory tract, mucous membranes, all studies should be carried out: in rubber products (boots, rubberized aprons, examination gloves, nitrile gloves), protective equipment (gas mask or respirator, goggles), overalls;
- while using oxalic acid, it is forbidden to eat, drink, smoke;
- after completion of work, it is necessary to thoroughly wash the face and hands with warm water and soap or a neutralizing agent (drinking soda solution);
- it is forbidden to transport and store oxalic acid together with food products;
- observe fire safety measures, if there is a need to use heating devices.
You need to know that oxalic acid is a strong organic acid, its use in large quantities can cause irritation of the mucous membrane of the esophagus, intestines, stomach, skin and respiratory tract. If this chemical reagent enters the body, burning, bloody vomiting may occur. First aid in such situations is to rinse the affected skin area with plenty of water. Acid should be stored in closed polyethylene packaging in a well-ventilated area on pallets.
Buy oxalic acid
You can buy oxalic acid, buy boric acid, buy citric acid, buy lactic acid, like any other chemical reagent, at the Moscow retail and wholesale chemical reagents store Prime Chemicals Group. Our website has everything you need for a modern scientific or industrial laboratory. When buying any product in our online store, you are purchasing a product with a quality certificate that meets all GOST standards at affordable prices and excludes the possibility of buying a fake.
"Prime Chemicals Group" is a guarantee of the quality of the products offered.
You can buy oxalic acid with delivery around the city and region Profitably!
What is oxalic acid
The element was first synthesized in 1824 by Friedrich Wöhler. Oxalic acid is an element that among scientists is also called ethanedioic acid, belongs to the category of organic (dibasic) acids. In nature, you can find a substance in the form of potassium oxalate, calcium or free state. The substance has found wide application in everyday life, science, food industry, agriculture and is found in many products that people use every day.
Oxalic acid formula
The discovery of this substance greatly influenced all organic chemistry, made it possible to carry out new discoveries. Salts of oxalic acid are called oxalates. They are divided into molecular, acidic, medium. Most of them do not dissolve in water, but if you use pure acid, then it mixes easily with it. Of the oxalates, only alkali metal and magnesium salts can interact with the liquid. The structural formula of the substance is as follows: NOOSCOON.
Obtaining oxalic acid
The extraction of this substance is usually necessary for industrial, domestic or scientific purposes. Obtaining oxalic acid is carried out by oxidation of sugar with nitric acid in the presence of a catalyst for the reaction of vanadium pentoxide. Below will also be a list of what foods contain oxalates, they are still found in all plants. The following acquisition paths are used:
1. Carrying out in the presence of V2O5 the oxidation of glycols, carbohydrates, alcohols with sulfuric acid.
2. In the presence of Pd(No3)2 or PdCl2, the oxidation of ethylene or nitric acid.
3. Intermediate sodium formate is obtained from carbon monoxide and sodium hydroxide. If it is heated, sodium oxalate is obtained, which releases oxalic acid in an acidified state.
Properties of oxalic acid
The discovery of this element influenced many areas, from its use in everyday life to beekeeping. The salt of oxalic acid has both chemical and physical properties. Each of them can be applied to achieve specific goals in the textile industry, chemical industry, food industry.
The following properties of a substance are distinguished:
Physical. It is a hygroscopic, crystalline, colorless substance. Partially soluble in ethanol (alcohol), water and odorless.
Chemical. There is a feature of dicarboxylic acids - they mutually influence each other, which facilitates the process of dissociation. Oxalic acid is one of the strongest acids of this type, exceeding its homologues significantly in strength.
Application of oxalic acid
The most popular uses for this substance are bleaching and cleaning. The use of oxalic acid helps remove rust, which is why most bleach/detergents contain this chemical. It is widely used for softening, purifying water, is part of cleaning products for sinks, toilet bowls, and has a disinfecting effect. About 25% of the production is used as a stain for dyeing in textile and leather industries. The acid can be used as a reagent for analytical chemistry.
Use carboxylic acid for:
amenorrhea; infertility; bleeding; migraines; atypical menopause; helminthic invasions; sluggish intestines; chronic tuberculosis; sinusitis, sinusitis; impotence; intestinal infections; rheumatic pains; chlamydia, trichomoniasis.
It should not be forgotten that excessive consumption can lead to disruption of the calcium absorption process. For this reason, oxalate stones can form inside the organs of the genitourinary system. Harmful formations pass through the urinary ducts, turning black due to blood, injuring the mucous membrane. This leads to acute pain in the back, groin, abdominal cavity, discoloration of urine.
An overdose of the substance may cause: dizziness; weakness; pain in the abdomen; stomach upset; burning of the throat, mouth, sinuses; nausea.
What products contain
There are two options for obtaining an element - synthetic and during the destruction of wood. There are also products containing oxalic acid, which many of the people consume daily in their menu. The percentage of the element is relatively low, so an overdose is extremely unlikely and it does not pose a danger. The content is different, below will be a list of which foods contain more than 10 mg of acid per 0.5 cup.
rhubarb; vegetable marrow; spinach; carambola; beet tops; strong tea; gooseberry; spinach; draft beer; beans; salad; orange, lime, lemon; instant coffee; sorrel; figs; chicory; leek; Strawberry; tomatoes; sweet dough; Red Ribes; wheat bran; green vegetables; parsley.
Plant growth stimulants are currently gaining more and more popularity. There are a lot of them on the gardening market. However, many very, very effective stimulants can be bought much cheaper than what is offered in colorful packages. One such stimulant is oxalic acid. Many organic acids have a stimulating effect on plants. For example, acetic, succinic, maleic, fumaric, citric, formic acid stimulate plant growth and increase their resistance to drought and other adverse conditions ... We have already talked about the benefits of some of them and recommended using them in different ways. It is very important to use them correctly, because if used incorrectly, instead of stimulation, you can get oppression (after all, it is well known that hypervitaminosis is no less dangerous than beriberi, and this is true for plants as well). And many recommendations are yet to come. Today it is the turn of oxalic acid.
Oxalic acid and its salts are toxic in high concentrations! Therefore, when working with it, as with other means. used in agriculture, you need to be careful! To eliminate the risk of accidentally drinking a solution of oxalic acid, drop brilliant green, blue, solvent, gasoline, etc. into it. - to make it well distinguishable from water and unpleasant to drink. For the garden and garden, oxalic acid is simply an indispensable tool: its solutions are used
for soaking seeds
foliar treatment of plants,
spraying or watering throughout the growing season.
This allows
increase the resistance of plants to adverse environmental factors,
improve decorative properties,
slow down the aging process of plants,
suppress the development of harmful and undesirable organisms in the soil and on the plant,
reduce the loss of flowers and ovaries of vegetable plants.
When soaking seeds, spraying and watering plants, oxalic acid is used in a very low concentration. In this regard, it is advisable to first prepare a stock solution, which is subsequently diluted to the desired concentration.
Since oxalic acid works better in the form of the ammonium oxalate salt, it is advisable to add ammonia to the acid solution.
1 tsp oxalic acid,
diluted in 0.5 l of water
with the addition of 2 tsp. 25% solution or 5 tsp. 10% solution,
enough for 500 (!) l. ready solution,
which can be sprayed and watered plants. Such a solution can be used constantly or periodically for watering all plants.
Cucumber is very responsive to him.
If the varieties of cucumber that are usually familiar to us bear fruit for several months, then in a greenhouse it is possible to extend fruiting up to one and a half years !!
In the soil watered with water with the addition of oxalic acid, there are no such pests,
like nematodes, wireworm, Maybug larvae.
Another plus: when watering plants with such a solution, calcium and magnesium carbonates and bicarbonates contained in the soil are gradually replaced by calcium and magnesium oxalates, which serve as a source of these elements in the soil, while at the same time they do not have a harmful effect on plant roots as carbonates and bicarbonates in high concentration (this is especially important on alkaline or chalky soils, chernozems). Calcium and magnesium in the form of oxalates are not subject to leaching from the soil, as is the case with carbonates (and this is already very important for more acidic soils, in which the risks of blossom-end rot of tomato, squash and other plants are high).
This simulator is cheap, economical, easy to use, and in ultra-low dilutions it is not toxic to humans and plants, it acts very comprehensively - both as a stimulant, and as a means of getting rid of soil pests, and as a fixative of useful elements in the soil, and as a means of extending the fruiting period. plants.
Oxalic acid, unfortunately, is not sold in every store or pharmacy. Although it is often included in the composition of the scale. Read the composition, and if it is there, you can safely use these funds. Other components, being very strongly diluted in water, will not have a negative effect. In addition, oxalic acid is sold in stores and on beekeeping websites.
But those who make herbal fermentation (green manure) can systematically add different types of sorrel and other plants containing high concentrations of oxalic acid (quinoa, beet tops, including sugar and fodder, and in many other plants, including weeds) to enrich the fertilizer with oxalic acid. And who knows - maybe the value of this fertilizer is not so much in nitrogen, but in oxalic acid ?.
Original entry and comments on
Oxalic acid used to soften tap water for watering indoor plants at the following rates: 1/8 - 1/4 teaspoon per 5 liters of water. Within 2-3 days after adding oxalic acid, the water should be in an open container to remove the chlorine vapor contained in it and precipitation of insoluble substances. After that, the water must be drained into another container, trying not to stir up the sediment. Water plants with this water.
Concentrate - 20 grams b.c. for 1 liter of water. For watering - 1 tsp. concentrate per liter of water.
I use both methods. At the first I use 5-liter containers for drinking water.
Our water is very hard, as soon as I learned about this softening method, I immediately began to use it.
This is the sediment after adding shchav. acids.
And this is for comparison. In the left container, water was used with the addition of oxalic acid. In the right - filtered, settled ordinary tap water. There is a significant difference as well. 
I use a solution of sorrel. acid for about a year. I forgot what a plaque on the surface of the soil is. Plants (in addition to violets, I have about 30 others) do not complain, dieffenbachia even gave out this:
Traces of limescale on plumbing are the first sign that you have to use hard water. For most Russian regions, this problem is practically unsolvable. And you need to constantly make an effort to keep your bathroom or bathroom clean. Otherwise, the bath, shower, faucets and toilet will “overgrow” with limescale before our eyes, turning into something ugly.
Manufacturers of household chemicals make a lot of money on the release of special products to combat limescale. Such funds are usually expensive, but the desired effect after their application is not always manifested. But even if the next gel does an excellent job with plaque, this does not mean that it is worth the money. Surely you will be very surprised if you find out a simple thing: the active substances in many drugs are acetic, oxalic and citric acid - affordable and inexpensive products that can be bought literally for a penny. Therefore, reasonable and thrifty owners prefer half-forgotten home methods to well-known brands.
How to deal with limescale with acids? And how do they act on certain surfaces?
Acetic acid
This does not mean table vinegar, but acetic acid or essence with a concentration of 25%. It is diluted with water in a ratio of 1:20. The denser the limestone formations, the higher the water temperature must be to prepare the solution. For example, faucets, shower heads and shower hoses with a metallic coating are recommended to be cleaned with vinegar, which is previously diluted with boiling water (solution temperature is 100 degrees).
When working with acetic acid, extreme caution must be exercised and it should not be allowed to come into contact with the skin and, especially, with the eyes. Be sure to wear thick rubber gloves.
Acetic acid can remove traces of limescale from earthenware, nickel-plated, enameled, glass and metallized coatings. But the acrylic bathtub or the plastic walls of the shower cabin should not be cleaned in this way.
Oxalic acid
It is also used in the form of an aqueous solution. It is recommended to dilute oxalic acid for cleaning in the bathroom with warm water, while you should get a 5% solution. It is applied to surfaces made of glass, plastic, sanitary ware, metal. You can also treat an enameled steel or cast iron bath with a solution of oxalic acid. This is usually done with a brush. You need to wait 2-3 hours - during this time, oxalic acid will have time to “loosen” the limescale, and it can be easily washed off with a stream of water.
By the way, it is oxalic acid that is present in the composition of the well-known drug "Sanox". But the problem is that the concentration is too thick there, and it is absolutely impossible to leave the applied composition on any surfaces for 2-3 hours. It is washed off literally immediately, since it dissolves limescale in a matter of seconds.
Lemon acid
The most delicate of all acids. It is safe for any coatings, including acrylic bathtubs. To remove limescale from plumbing, the usual "culinary" citric acid is suitable. Some even use the natural juice of fresh lemons.
The method of application looks like this: a packet of citric acid is diluted with two glasses of warm water. Prerequisite: make sure that all the crystals are properly dissolved in water, otherwise, when cleaning, they may scratch the surface of vulnerable acrylic plumbing. The sponge is moistened with the prepared solution and everything that is covered with plaque is treated. The process of its neutralization will take from one to three hours - depending on how old and dense the layers are. After this time, the plumbing can be wiped again with a sponge soaked in the solution and rinsed with clean water.
