Home Trees and shrubs Russian language how to do the task 7. The use of logically incompatible concepts in the same row of homogeneous members. type, even harder

Trees and shrubs

Russian language how to do the task 7. The use of logically incompatible concepts in the same row of homogeneous members. type, even harder

Quest Source: Decision 2442. USE 2018. Russian language. I.P. Tsybulko. 36 options.

Task 7. Establish a correspondence between grammatical errors and sentences in which they are allowed: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column.

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

A) violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application

B) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

B) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover

D) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate

E) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover

SUGGESTIONS

1) Breathing noon heat gave way to evening coolness.

2) In pursuit of the beast, the hunters went out to the river.

3) At the Bolshoi Theater, we listened to PI Tchaikovsky's opera The Queen of Spades.

4) Upon arrival of a passenger at the airport, border control officers put a stamp on crossing the border in the passport.

5) The city of Sochi became the capital of the XXII Winter Olympic Games.

6) According to the agreement, after a while we met in the library.

7) The bridges built on the Moskva River were floating.

8) Noticing signs of an impending storm, the sails of the ship were removed.

9) With the creation of the "Workshop of Poets" in 1911, a new literary movement - acmeism - announced itself.

Solution.

Let's look at each of these sentences and determine if there are grammatical errors in them.

1) Breathed noon heat gave way to evening coolness. - A simple sentence, complicated by the participle, the word order is broken. Right: Breathing in the heat noon ... or noon, breathing heat, ... (Error D)

2) In pursuit of the beast, the hunters went out to the river. - A simple sentence, complicated by a verbal adverb, no mistake.

3) At the Bolshoi Theater, we listened opera P. I. Tchaikovsky The Queen of Spades.- There is an inconsistent appendix (name in quotation marks) attached to the generic word (opera). With a generic word, the name is not declined in quotation marks. Right: listened to PI Tchaikovsky's opera "The Queen of Spades" or listened to "The Queen of Spades" by PI Tchaikovsky... (Error A)

4) Upon arrival a passenger at the airport, border control officers put a border crossing stamp in the passport. - A simple sentence, a mistake was made in case management: the preposition PO determines the case of a noun. Right: Upon arrival of a passenger... (Error B)

5) Town Sochi become the capital of the XXII Winter Olympic Games. - A simple sentence, a mistake was made in the agreement of the subject and predicate. Right: Town Sochi became the capital or Sochi steel capital ... (Error D)

6) According to the agreement, after a while we met in the library. Simple sentence, no grammatical errors.

7) The bridges built on the Moskva River were floating. Simple sentence, complicated by participial phrase, no grammatical errors.

8) Noticing signs of an impending storm sail ship were removed... - A simple sentence, complicated by a verbal adverb, there is a mistake. Right: Seeing the signs of an impending storm sailors removed the sails of the ship. (Mistake in)

9) With the creation of the "Workshop of Poets" in 1911, a new literary movement - acmeism - announced itself. - Simple sentence, complicated by application, no grammatical errors.

Examination. Be sure to analyze each sentence from the proposed options so as not to make a mistake. The numbers in the answer are not repeated.

In response, we write out the numbers corresponding to the letters, clearly observing their order, without spaces and commas.

Now I want to offer a kind "Cheat sheet". Let me explain how easy it is to complete task number 7.

How easy it is to complete task number 7

As an example for commenting, I'll take the task proposed in the 2016 demo.

A comment

Suggestion 1... Pay attention to the verbs - the predicates in it. They are standing in different tense and are different kinds of verbs(exposes- present time, nesov. view; uncovered- last time, owls. view).

Conclusion: the temporal correlation of verbs is broken (verbs in one sentence must be of the same type and tense). Answer- D

Proposition 2. Before us is a complex sentence. Look at the foundation in the main sentence: I took everything away. As we can see , the predicate must be plural. number (taken away). The essence of the error here is that the word is taken for the subject who, and this is the subject of the relative clause ( who visited). Therefore, find the grammatical base correctly, then you will immediately see an error. Answer- G(the connection between the subject and the predicate is broken)

Proposition 3.At the heart of the work "The Story of a Real Man". There is a mistake here. When the sentence contains common nouns (story, novel, book, opera, ballet, etc.), then the title of the work is written in the nominative case.

Right: At the heart of the work " The story about a real person. "

Looking for an answer about the application(the title of the work is an appendix, that is, the definition expressed by a noun). Answer: V

Proposition 5. In this proposal we see participial since he answers the question what(sketches brought th from a trip to the East). What is the mistake here? What sketches? Brought oops

Output: a sentence with a participial turnover is incorrectly constructed. Answer: A

Proposition 9. A complex sentence is given here. Look, the subordinate part in it is attached to the main one at once by two means of subordinate connection - what how much... Only the union word is needed how much. So the answer is B, that is, an error in the construction of a complex sentence.

Let's write down the answers in numbers:

Answer:

Keep in mind that in task # 7 there are 5 answers and 9 sentences. Therefore not approached for the answer proposals No. 4,6,7,8

What other sentences with errors can there be? (they are not in the demo)

Incorrectly constructed sentence with indirect speech. Remember, in such a sentence, personal pronouns should only be at 3 face.

Examples:

A.N. Nekrasov wrote that “ I am he dedicated his lyre to his people. "

Right: " he lyre ... "

Sentence errors adverbial... Remember the rules. They are on this site. Let me remind you that the action in the adverbial turnover must perform the subject.

Examples:

Climbing the mountain, it became completely dark (here the sentence is impersonal, there is no subject, there is no one to climb the mountain)

Approaching the station, my hat flew off. (The hat may come off, but to approach the station, no

Correct example:

Preparing for the exam, I do a lot of test tasks. (I prepare and I do)

Errors in sentences with homogeneous members... There can be a lot of various errors here. Remember the rules, types of errors. Here are some examples.

Examples:

She bought fruits, apples, pears... (Fruit is a more general concept, so it is not a homogeneous term, but a generalized word. She bought fruits: apples, pears).

I love many subjects: mathematics, Russian, history.

(Homogeneous terms should be in the same form as the generalized word: I love many things: mathematician, Russian, history).

These are my comments and tips. Train, learn the rules, and then everything will work out.

Melnikova Vera Alexandrovna.

Forward>

Miss
for you
(pronouns in
prepositional
case)
At
words
many,

for example:
Many
books
stood
on shelves;
Many children
annually
resting
in the country;
How many students
attended

in the classroom
physical education
?
Wed from writers:
(M. Yu. Lermontov);
(A.S. Pushkin);

(V.G. Korolenko);

M. Gorky)
7-2. Install

the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC
ERRORS

V)

For the first time an opera
Khovanshchin

inconsistent application

D)

A
B
V
G
D
6
1
3
2
7

Let's take into account that s
a
every
examinee
1
1
answer
records

NOT RIGHT:
Meeting at the train station

RIGHT:
When we met, we burst into tears.
THANKS TO
CONTRAST
ACCORDING TO
LIKE
what?
bad weather
O
zhidaniyam
order
cloud
ON
= after something
+ prepositional case

(what?)
upon arrival
e
upon arrival
and
ON
+ sigh, grieve,
G
rustle, cry,
with
heap, yearn
+ dative case

(to whom?
h
his?)
To yearn
by wife
IN SEE
what?
NS
upcoming event
2
... With numerals
two,

three four,

Three houses
for evening
name is
(A.S. Pushkin);
(A.P. Chekhov)
waiting in line
for departure more
two compositions
(N. Ostrovsky).
At
for one,

Twenty
one
student
at
partnered
on a hike
.
Please indicate

1) To universities
entered
forty one people.

1

application
Let's compare three sentences:
1
) In the picture (
p.p
.) "Sleeping shepherd boy" (
and.p

2) In The Sleeping Shepherdess (
p.p
.) Venetsianov managed to convey all the charm of the dull Russian nature.
3) In the picture (
p.p
.) "Sleeping shepherdess" (
p.p
.) Venetsianov managed to convey all the charm of the dull Russian nature.
and.p
... (see sentence 1).

the one who ..., those who ...:
Those
subject to
cold "

..: It

Most of the houses
in this district

stone
.
Wed:
Most doors
were low

for his growth
I
(L. Andreev).
4. Errors in constructing sentences with homogeneous members
7-5. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC

ERRORS

1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate

3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application
G)

4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
D)
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
5
1
3
6
4
Let's remember the main thing!

Prepositions

NOT RIGHT:

NOT RIGHT:
Tickets will be on sale at
ARRIVAL
trains.
By
arrival
Approval standards
Agreement
and predicate

1. Usually

for example:
After half an hour
eight
armed
human

entered
to the innkeeper's house
N. Ostrovsky);
And in the forest
ten horsemen
overwhelmed
horses
(he is).

Eight aircraft
shelf
took off
in pairs, observing the queue
(N. Chukovsky).
Let's remember the main thing!

1. Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
Prepositions
thanks, according to, in spite of

NOT RIGHT:
thanks to
forecast
in spite of
instructions
according to
orders

RIGHT:
thanks to
forecast
in spite of
instructions
according to
order
Prepositions
upon arrival, upon completion, upon departure, upon exception, upon arrival

are prepositional
.

The predicate is used in plural forms,
if:
1.
Several schoolchildren
rushed to catch up
the leader of the competition.
Several boys and girls

treated with interest
to the appearance of a kitten in the class.
Even before going to school
most first graders
loved to read and knew how to count
.
which:
Most parents
,
host
(plural)
remained
at school after the event.
Most parents
remained
at school after the event.

7-4. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC

ERRORS
A)

1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
V)
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application

4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members

5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
6
3
1
4
7

Often
such grammatical
mistakes
meet in
and may

who.

etc.
who
used only
with verbs in singular form. h
.

This

4. Errors in constructing sentences with homogeneous members

V

if:
1.
Most of the rooms
already
has been renovated.
2.
Overwhelming

majority

schools
took part
in this Olympiad.
6. Violation in the construction of a participial sentence

Image
poet-prophet,
created by

and.p
and.p
The image of the poet-prophet,
created
Pushkin, determined his own life.
I was instructed to destroy
Defined word
sniper
perched on a tree
I was instructed to destroy
tree sniper
... I was entrusted with
destroy
7-3. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC
ERRORS

1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate

3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application

4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members

5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
3
5
4
2
1
Good luck!!!

Slide captions:

Miss
for you
(pronouns in
prepositional
case)
At
words
many,

a little, a little, a lot, how much, so much
the predicate, as a rule, is put in the singular,

for example:
Many
books
stood
on shelves;
Many children
annually
resting
in the country;
How many students
attended

in the classroom
physical education
?
Wed from writers:
Many carriages have already traveled along this road
(M. Yu. Lermontov);
How few of us survived the battle
(A.S. Pushkin);
How many more fairy tales and memories remain in her memory?
(M. Gorky). Less often in these cases, the plural form of the predicate is used:
Many lights, both before and after, attracted more than one me with their proximity
(V.G. Korolenko);
Many eyes looked into the wide, flattened face of a long line of soldiers with cold, silent curiosity, with contempt, disgust (
M. Gorky)
4. Errors in constructing sentences with homogeneous members
7-2. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC
ERRORS
A) The delegation was heading to the house of a famous scientist, located not far from the main square.
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) Winter session of students was held according to the schedule.
2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
V)

For the first time an opera
Khovanshchin
»I listened with my parents.
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application
D) Everyone who begins to learn a foreign language early, masters it perfectly.
4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
D)
Alekhin, entering the living room, exclaimed that I am very glad to see all of us.
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
6
1
3
2
7
The format of the assignment, which tests the knowledge of syntactic norms, norms of coordination and management, has changed a lot in comparison with previous years, but the theoretical material required for the successful solution of this part of the exam is needed the same. We will repeat and organize it.
Let's take into account that s
a
execution of task 7 can be set from 0 to 5 points. Per
every
correctly specified number corresponding to the number from the list,
examinee
receives 1 point each (5 points: no mistakes; 4 points: admitted
1
error; 3 points: 2 mistakes were made; 2 points: 2 numbers are correct;
1
point: only one number is correct; 0 points: completely incorrect
answer
, i.e. incorrect sequence of numbers or its absence. Order
records
the digits in the answer matter.
5. Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
The predicate verb and the participle should not denote the actions of different objects and persons.

NOT RIGHT:
Meeting at the train station
, tears themselves appeared in my eyes.
RIGHT:
When we met at the train station, tears themselves appeared from my eyes.
When we met, we burst into tears.
THANKS TO
CONTRAST
ACCORDING TO
LIKE
what?
bad weather
O
zhidaniyam
order
cloud
ON
= after something
+ prepositional case

(what?)
upon arrival
e
upon arrival
and
ON
+ sigh, grieve,
G
rustle, cry,
with
heap, yearn
+ dative case

(to whom?
h
his?)
To yearn
by wife
IN SEE
what?
NS
upcoming event
2
... With numerals
two,

three four,
included in the subject, the predicate is usually put in the plural:

Three houses
for evening
name is
(A.S. Pushkin);
Four dogs were running behind the carriage
(A.P. Chekhov)
; In addition to the military echelon, at the station
waiting in line
for departure more
two compositions
(N. Ostrovsky).
At
compound numerals ending
for one,
the predicate is in the singular.

Twenty
one
student
at
partnered
on a hike
.
Please indicate
a sentence with a grammatical error (with a violation of the syntactic norm).
1) To universities
entered
forty one people.
2) Professor Sotnikova took the floor
3) He was sent to Moscow according to the order.
4) The girl put on a new coat.
1

3. Violation in the construction of a sentence with inconsistent
application
Let's compare three sentences:
1
) In the picture (
p.p
.) "Sleeping shepherd boy" (
and.p
.) Venetsianov managed to convey all the charm of the dull Russian nature.
2) In The Sleeping Shepherdess (
p.p
.) Venetsianov managed to convey all the charm of the dull Russian nature.
3) In the picture (
p.p
.) "Sleeping shepherdess" (
p.p
.) Venetsianov managed to convey all the charm of the dull Russian nature.
The first two sentences are grammatically correct, the third contains a grammatical error, since in the presence of a common noun, the proper should stand in
and.p
... (see sentence 1).

Let's try to solve this task
7-1. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC
ERRORS
A) Thanks
increasing the level of service in the company stores there are more buyers.
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) In his articles, this journalist raised questions of concern to many of his contemporaries.
2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
C) Those who strive for a dream from childhood often realize their life plans.
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application
D) A chemical reaction shows and helps to understand the composition of a substance.
4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
E) By creating
pictorial canvas
,
the work went on for several days.
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
1
6
2
4
5
Russian language teacher work
N. G.
Harlanova
.
WITH.
Arkhipovskoe
Stavropol region
2014
Syntactic norms
Approval standards
Management standards
The predicate is used in plural forms,
if:
5
... The main members of the sentence are torn apart:
Several students
first grade of the St. Petersburg gymnasium
let's go
to an international conference in Spain.

Some difficulties are also caused by tasks related to coordination in complex sentences with combinations
the one who ..., those who ...:
Those
who swim less
subject to
cold "
as well as exercises that involve the use of homogeneous members of a sentence with paired unions
both ... and .., not only ... but also
..: It
it was interesting not only for children, but also for adults.
The predicate is plural if it is expressed by an adjective:
Most of the houses
in this district

stone
.
Wed:
Most doors
were low

ERRORS
A) Having driven the sharks far into the sea, the rescuers no longer worried about anything.
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) Thanks to the article in the newspaper, we learned about the resumption of the tourist boat route to the "Northern Islands".
2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
C) The April issue of the Yunosti magazine published the poems of a talented young poet.
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application
G)

Students helped a group of geologists who arrived from St. Petersburg.
4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
D)
The international community understands and is concerned about the problems of the economies of developing countries.
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
5
1
3
6
4
Let's remember the main thing!

1. Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
Prepositions
upon arrival, upon completion, upon departure, upon exception, upon arrival

are prepositional
.

NOT RIGHT:
Tickets will be on sale upon train arrival.
Upon arrival in the city, Chichikov met with city officials.
NOT RIGHT:
Tickets will be on sale at
ARRIVAL
trains.
By
arrival
in the city of Chichikov met with city officials.
Approval standards
Agreement
subject expressed in numerals and nouns,
and predicate

1. Usually
the predicate is put in the plural form with a subject denoting an animated object,
for example:
After half an hour
eight
armed
human

entered
to the innkeeper's house
N. Ostrovsky);
And in the forest
ten horsemen
overwhelmed
horses
(he is).
The same with the subject - an inanimate object, if an active action is indicated:

Eight aircraft
shelf
took off
in pairs, observing the queue
(N. Chukovsky).
7. Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
Let's remember the main thing!

1. Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
Prepositions
thanks, according to, in spite of
are used ONLY with noun. dative case.

NOT RIGHT:
thanks to
forecast
in spite of
instructions
according to
orders

RIGHT:
thanks to
forecast
in spite of
instructions
according to
order
Prepositions
upon arrival, upon completion, upon departure, upon exception, upon arrival

are prepositional
.

The predicate is used in plural forms,
if:
1.
The noun denotes an animated object, and the predicate indicates that the actions performed by this object are intense and energetic:
Several schoolchildren
rushed to catch up
the leader of the competition.
2. The sentence has homogeneous subjects:
Several boys and girls

treated with interest
to the appearance of a kitten in the class.
3. The sentence contains homogeneous predicates:
Even before going to school
most first graders
loved to read and knew how to count
.
4. When the subject is in front of the predicate, there is a participle (with a plural participle) or a definitive subordinate clause with a union word
which:
Most parents
,
host
(plural)
participation in the organization of the holiday,
remained
at school after the event.
Most parents
who took part in organizing the holiday,
remained
at school after the event.

6. Violation in the construction of a participial sentence
It is necessary to correctly find the word being defined.
In this sentence, the definition is the word of the son, and not the person, therefore, the correct option:
7-4. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC

ERRORS
A)
The scientist addressed the representatives of African countries attending the congress.
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) Among the scientific works of F.I. Buslaev, first of all, one should mention his book "Historical grammar of the Russian language"
2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
V)
Contrary to punctuation rules, journalists often use dashes instead of colons.
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application
D) A chemical reaction shows and helps to understand the composition of a substance.
4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
E)) The minibus driver told the newly entered passengers that they would pay for the fare.
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
6
3
1
4
7

2. Disruption of the connection between the subject and the predicate
Often
such grammatical
mistakes
meet in
complex sentences
and may
be admitted in the following cases:
Sentences in which a subordinate clause is attached using a union word
who.
Typically, these sentences begin with the words:
all who ..., those who ..., those who ..., none of those who ...
etc.
It is important to remember that the pronoun
who
used only
with verbs in singular form. h
.
In this case, it is also necessary to pay attention to the unity of the grammatical forms of the subject and predicate in the main part of the sentence.
This
the sentence is structured grammatically correct. The following variants of such a proposal would be erroneous:
4. Errors in constructing sentences with homogeneous members
In the demo, the task looks like this:
The cases discussed above are most often found in the USE tests. But we will give a few more examples of prepositional control.
V
sentences that include a collective noun with a quantitative meaning
(majority, minority, part etc.)
, most often the predicate is used in singular forms,
if:
1.
A noun denotes an inanimate object:
Most of the rooms
already
has been renovated.
2.
A collective noun has the definition:
Overwhelming

majority

schools
took part
in this Olympiad.
6. Violation in the construction of a participial sentence
In sentences containing a participial phrase, you must pay attention to the following points:

Concordance of the participle with the defined word in gender, number and case.
Image
poet-prophet,
created by
Pushkin, determined his own life.
The defined word image stands in
and.p
., units h., m. r., and the participle created - in
and.p
., pl. h. Consequently, this sentence is constructed grammatically incorrectly. Correct option:
The image of the poet-prophet,
created
Pushkin, determined his own life.
The word being defined should not break the participle, it can only stand before or after it.
I was instructed to destroy
entrenched sniper in a tree.
Defined word
sniper
breaks the participle in this sentence
perched on a tree
therefore, this sentence contains a grammatical error. Correct options:
I was instructed to destroy
tree sniper
... I was entrusted with
destroy
perched on a tree sniper.
7-3. Install
correspondence between proposals and those admitted in them
grammatical errors: for each position of the first column, select
the corresponding
position from the second column.
SUGGESTIONS
GRAMMATIC
ERRORS
A) Problems of economics and business were in the center of attention of the host of the "Delovoy Moscow" TV show.
1) incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition
B) Leaving on a trip, suddenly some guests came to us.
2) violation of the connection between the subject and the predicate
C) The sisters were fond of and well versed in modern music.
3) violation in the construction of a sentence with
inconsistent application
D) Everyone, whoever wrote about Russian nature, noted its poetry and picturesqueness
4) an error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members
E) A.P. Chekhov, in a letter from Yalta, describes a trip to the botanical garden.
5) incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
6) violation in the construction of a sentence with participial turnover
7) incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech
A
B
V
G
D
3
5
4
2
1
Good luck!!!

Preview:

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 1

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 2

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 3

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover

	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate

	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.



	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 4

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.

	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.

ANSWERS TO QUESTION 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

Option 1	Option 2	Option 3	Option 4

Preview:

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 1

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Everyone who has been to the Borodino field bares his head in front of the monuments to the defenders of Russia's national freedom.	1) Violation of control in a phrase with a derived preposition
B. Upon arrival in Venice, I immediately visited several of my old acquaintances.	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
V. Poetry of the awakening spring is revealed by F. Tyutchev in the poem "Spring waters"	3) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicate members controlling different cases
D. Economists talk about a decrease in inflation and that there will be no more wage delays.	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
D. The listeners of the program expected and hoped for a meeting with the famous TV presenter.	5) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
F. The narrow path was covered with falling snow underfoot.	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
G. Those seeing off walked with bags and sad faces.	7) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
Z. Leaving on a business trip, my father promised that I would definitely return by the holidays.	8) Incorrect use of minor members and subordinate clauses.
I. Choosing a style of clothing, individuality is emphasized	9) Violation of the grammatical form of the union word in the subordinate clause.
	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 2

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. In a short time, not only a new school, a hospital, but also a drama theater and a library were built in the satellite city.	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
B. I was drinking coffee made by the bartender and with whiskey added.	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
V. Raskolnikov invented and admires his theory.	3) Wrong use of detached minor members and subordinate clauses.
D. Inhabitants of the village, men, children, were moving towards us.	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
E. Some of the travelers who visited the tributaries of the Amazon River described a plant with huge floating leaves.	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
F. Upon completion of construction, workers left the site in perfect order.	6) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
J. Many readers know the writer Gabriel Troepolsky from his book "White Bimu Black Ear".	7) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
H. Those who were older were offered chairs.	8) Violation of the sentence structure associated with the use of double conjunctions
I. I was instructed to destroy a sniper who was entrenched in a tree.	9) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicates governing different cases.
	10) Violation of the agreement of the participle with the defined word.
	11) Connection in one row of homogeneous members of intersecting concepts.
	12) Violation of the grammatical form of the union word in the subordinate clause.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 3

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Translating a poem into another language, it loses its beauty.	1) Violation of control in a phrase with a derived preposition.
B. Prishvin deeply knew and told us about nature in his works.	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
Q. Ecologists have repeatedly noted that the problem of forest protection is especially important today.	3) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicate members controlling different cases.
D. There are three main groups of human qualities, thanks to which it is possible to increase the level of personal charm: sociability, reflection, eloquence.	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
D. In the store, she chose a fancy dress for herself, perfect for the prom and that fit perfectly.	5) Incorrect use of an inconsistent application-proper name.
E. A number of new houses stood on the outskirts of the village.	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
J. A computer repair specialist is required to go home.	7) Incorrect use of the case form of a pronoun with a preposition.
Z. In the April issue of the magazine "Youth" poems of a young talented poet were published.	8) Wrong use of detached minor members and subordinate clauses.
I. Alekhin, entering the living room, exclaimed that I am very glad to see all of us.	9) Violation of the agreement of the name of the adjective with the defined noun
	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 4

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Upon graduation, our graduates can count on employment in specialized companies.	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
B. The officer demanded from the stationmaster that he needed horses.	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
Q. I often came across representatives of a secular society who undeservedly put themselves above ordinary workers.	3) Incorrect use of minor members and subordinate clauses.
D. Preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language, it is necessary to repeat the entire school course.	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
D. A multi-ton fighter, contrary to all the laws of gravity, almost without a run rises into the air from the deck of an aircraft carrier.	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
E. In his latest book, the writer examines and discusses the problems of education in modern Russian villages.	6) Violation of the agreement of the participle with the noun being defined.
G. In North Africa, we have observed many features both in nature and also in human customs.	7) Violation of control in a phrase with a derivative preposition.
Z. Those who, until recently, looked at Vitaly condescendingly, began to respectfully address him by his patronymic.	8) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicates governing different cases.
I. Children go to the lobby to get dressed, where their parents are already waiting for them.	9) misuse of double conjunctions
	10) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
	11) Violation of the word order in a complex sentence.
	12) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover

ANSWERS TO QUESTION 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

Option 1	Option 2	Option 3	Option 4

Preview:

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 1

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Everyone who has been to the Borodino field bares his head in front of the monuments to the defenders of Russia's national freedom.	1) Violation of control in a phrase with a derived preposition
B. Upon arrival in Venice, I immediately visited several of my old acquaintances.	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
V. Poetry of the awakening spring is revealed by F. Tyutchev in the poem "Spring waters"	3) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicate members controlling different cases
D. Economists talk about a decrease in inflation and that there will be no more wage delays.	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
D. The listeners of the program expected and hoped for a meeting with the famous TV presenter.	5) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
F. The narrow path was covered with falling snow underfoot.	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
G. Those seeing off walked with bags and sad faces.	7) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
Z. Leaving on a business trip, my father promised that I would definitely return by the holidays.	8) Incorrect use of minor members and subordinate clauses.
I. Choosing a style of clothing, individuality is emphasized	9) Violation of the grammatical form of the union word in the subordinate clause.
	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 2

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. In a short time, not only a new school, a hospital, but also a drama theater and a library were built in the satellite city.	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
B. I was drinking coffee made by the bartender and with whiskey added.	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
V. Raskolnikov invented and admires his theory.	3) Wrong use of detached minor members and subordinate clauses.
D. Inhabitants of the village, men, children, were moving towards us.	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
E. Some of the travelers who visited the tributaries of the Amazon River described a plant with huge floating leaves.	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
F. Upon completion of construction, workers left the site in perfect order.	6) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
J. Many readers know the writer Gabriel Troepolsky from his book "White Bimu Black Ear".	7) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
H. Those who were older were offered chairs.	8) Violation of the sentence structure associated with the use of double conjunctions
I. I was instructed to destroy a sniper who was entrenched in a tree.	9) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicates governing different cases.
	10) Violation of the agreement of the participle with the defined word.
	11) Connection in one row of homogeneous members of intersecting concepts.
	12) Violation of the grammatical form of the union word in the subordinate clause.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 3

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Translating a poem into another language, it loses its beauty.	1) Violation of control in a phrase with a derived preposition.
B. Prishvin deeply knew and told us about nature in his works.	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
Q. Ecologists have repeatedly noted that the problem of forest protection is especially important today.	3) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicate members controlling different cases.
D. There are three main groups of human qualities, thanks to which it is possible to increase the level of personal charm: sociability, reflection, eloquence.	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
D. In the store, she chose a fancy dress for herself, perfect for the prom and that fit perfectly.	5) Incorrect use of an inconsistent application-proper name.
E. A number of new houses stood on the outskirts of the village.	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
J. A computer repair specialist is required to go home.	7) Incorrect use of the case form of a pronoun with a preposition.
Z. In the April issue of the magazine "Youth" poems of a young talented poet were published.	8) Wrong use of detached minor members and subordinate clauses.
I. Alekhin, entering the living room, exclaimed that I am very glad to see all of us.	9) Violation of the agreement of the name of the adjective with the defined noun
	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 4

SUGGESTIONS	GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Upon graduation, our graduates can count on employment in specialized companies.	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
B. The officer demanded from the stationmaster that he needed horses.	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
Q. I often came across representatives of a secular society who undeservedly put themselves above ordinary workers.	3) Incorrect use of minor members and subordinate clauses.
D. Preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language, it is necessary to repeat the entire school course.	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
D. A multi-ton fighter, contrary to all the laws of gravity, almost without a run rises into the air from the deck of an aircraft carrier.	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
E. In his latest book, the writer examines and discusses the problems of education in modern Russian villages.	6) Violation of the agreement of the participle with the noun being defined.
G. In North Africa, we have observed many features both in nature and also in human customs.	7) Violation of control in a phrase with a derivative preposition.
Z. Those who, until recently, looked at Vitaly condescendingly, began to respectfully address him by his patronymic.	8) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicates governing different cases.
I. Children go to the lobby to get dressed, where their parents are already waiting for them.	9) misuse of double conjunctions








		1) Violation of control in a phrase with a derived preposition
B. Upon arrival in Venice, I immediately visited several of my old acquaintances.	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
V. Poetry of the awakening spring is revealed by F. Tyutchev in the poem "Spring waters"	3) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicate members controlling different cases
D. Economists talk about a decrease in inflation and that there will be no more wage delays.	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
D. The listeners of the program expected and hoped for a meeting with the famous TV presenter.	5) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
F. The narrow path was covered with falling snow underfoot.	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
G. Those seeing off walked with bags and sad faces.	7) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
Z. Leaving on a business trip, my father promised that I would definitely return by the holidays.	8) Incorrect use of minor members and subordinate clauses.
I. Choosing a style of clothing, individuality is emphasized	9) Violation of the grammatical form of the union word in the subordinate clause.
	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 2

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. In a short time, not only a new school, a hospital, but also a drama theater and a library were built in the satellite city.	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
B. I was drinking coffee made by the bartender and with whiskey added.	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
V. Raskolnikov invented and admires his theory.	3) Wrong use of detached minor members and subordinate clauses.
D. Inhabitants of the village, men, children, were moving towards us.	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
E. Some of the travelers who visited the tributaries of the Amazon River described a plant with huge floating leaves.	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
F. Upon completion of construction, workers left the site in perfect order.	6) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
J. Many readers know the writer Gabriel Troepolsky from his book "White Bimu Black Ear".	7) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
H. Those who were older were offered chairs.	8) Violation of the sentence structure associated with the use of double conjunctions
I. I was instructed to destroy a sniper who was entrenched in a tree.	9) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicates governing different cases.
	10) Violation of the agreement of the participle with the defined word.
	11) Connection in one row of homogeneous members of intersecting concepts.
	12) Violation of the grammatical form of the union word in the subordinate clause.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 3

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Translating a poem into another language, it loses its beauty.	1) Violation of control in a phrase with a derived preposition.
B. Prishvin deeply knew and told us about nature in his works.	2) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
Q. Ecologists have repeatedly noted that the problem of forest protection is especially important today.	3) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicate members controlling different cases.
D. There are three main groups of human qualities, thanks to which it is possible to increase the level of personal charm: sociability, reflection, eloquence.	4) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
In the store, she chose a fancy dress for herself, perfect for the prom and that fit perfectly.	5) Incorrect use of an inconsistent application-proper name.
E. A number of new houses stood on the outskirts of the village.	6) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
G. Looking for a computer repair specialist willing to go home.	7) Incorrect use of the case form of a pronoun with a preposition.
Z. In the April issue of the magazine "Youth" poems of a young talented poet were published.	8) Wrong use of detached minor members and subordinate clauses.
I. Alekhin, entering the living room, exclaimed that I am very glad to see all of us.	9) Violation of the agreement of the name of the adjective with the defined noun
	10) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover
	11) The use in the same row of homogeneous members of logically incompatible concepts
	12) Incorrect attachment of the subordinate clause, which creates ambiguity in the perception of the meaning of the sentence.

USE 2015: task 7

SYNTAX STANDARDS

OPTION 4

GRAMMATICAL ERRORS
A. Upon graduation, our graduates can count on employment in specialized companies.	1) Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate
B. The officer demanded from the stationmaster that he needed horses.	2) Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application.
Q. I often came across representatives of a secular society who undeservedly put themselves above ordinary workers.	3) Incorrect use of minor members and subordinate clauses.
D. Preparing for the Unified State Exam in the Russian language, it is necessary to repeat the entire school course.	4) Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover
D. A multi-ton fighter, contrary to all the laws of gravity, rises into the air from the deck of an aircraft carrier almost without a run.	5) Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition.
E. In his latest book, the writer examines and discusses the problems of education in modern Russian villages.	6) Violation of the agreement of the participle with the noun being defined.
G. In North Africa, we have observed many features both in nature and also in human customs.	7) Violation of control in a phrase with a derivative preposition.
Z. Those who, until recently, looked at Vitaly condescendingly, began to respectfully address him by his patronymic.	8) An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous predicates governing different cases.
I. Children go to the lobby to get dressed, where their parents are already waiting for them.	9) misuse of double conjunctions
	10) Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech.
	11) Violation of the word order in a complex sentence.
	12) Violation of the structure of the participle turnover

Activity 7 Grammar Errors

Task number 7 on the exam in the Russian language is formulated as follows:

Establish a correspondence between the sentences and the grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column. Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters

Types of grammatical errors

1. Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

Remember that prepositions THANKS, ACCORDING TO, CONTRACT are used only with the dative case:

thanks to (whom) friend

contrary to (what) expectation

according to (what?) schedule

The preposition "PO" controls the prepositional case:

upon arrival in Kazan

after the expiration of the term

on arrival and home

Disruption of the connection between subject and predicate

Most objected to these changes in the work plan right: most objected).

Remember the rules:

1.conciliation of the predicate with the words:SERIES, MAJORITY, MINORITY, MANY, MULTIPLE, PART.

A) The predicate is put in the singular if there are no dependent words for the given words (the minority supported the speaker).

B). Singular and with inanimate subjects (a number of schools have introduced elective courses in law into their programs).

V). Plural in other cases:

A number of teachers spoke in favor of additional hours in Russian (an animated noun).

Part of the proceeds will go to the treatment of sick children (if the subject has a participle or subordinate clause with the word WHICH).

Several writers and poets attended the evening (if several subjects or predicates).

Many suggestions for changing the structure of the speech were proposed by colleagues (if there are other members of the sentence between the subject and the predicate).

Subject and predicate are always singular in the following cases:

If the subject has only a single number, for example: youth, peasantry, people, students.

If the subject contains the words LOT, LITTLE, LITTLE.

For example: Many years have passed since the day I left school.

If there are particles in front of the subject ONLY, ONLY.

For example: Only a small part of the readers prefer the classics.

If the subject is the pronoun KTO and words derived from it

(nobody, some, etc.)

For example: Whoever has taken the path of goodness cannot but be happy.

If the subject is compound numerals, the last word of which is ONE + noun.

For example: Twenty-one people came to the meeting.

3.Failure to build a sentence with an inconsistent application

An application is a definition expressed by a noun. If an application is the name of something in quotation marks, then that application is inconsistent. How is it correct to use it?

If there is a common noun before the application, then the application is used in the nominative case:

I am reading the book by Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace" (Im.p.)

My mother works at the Zarya factory.

If there is no such common noun, then the application is used in the case that is necessary for the context:

I admire "War and Peace" (Tv.p.)

She works for Zarya (P. p.)

What is the mistake in task number 7?

Example:

She works at the Zarya factory (right: at the Zarya factory).

I am reading the book by Leo Tolstoy "War and Peace" (right: the book "War and Peace").

4. An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members

You can not use a full and short adjective as homogeneous members:

She was beautiful and happy (beautiful and happy OR beautiful and happy)

Generic-specific concepts cannot be mixed in a series of homogeneous members:

The basket contained fruits, apples, pears (true: the basket contained fruits: apples, pears).

It is unacceptable to use words as homogeneous members, logically

incompatible:

The departing people walked with bags and joyful faces.

It is necessary to use double conjunctions correctly: do not replace individual words in them with other words, use only immediately before a homogeneous member:

The mood was NOT ONLY the main thing for the creator, BUT also for the readers

(right: the mood was the main thing NOT ONLY for the creator, BUT ALSO for the readers).

He behaved NOT ONLY defiantly, BUT And just awful (right: he behaved NOT ONLY defiantly, BUT He was just awful).

One cannot use one preposition for homogeneous members if one of them has a different preposition:

The people were everywhere: on the streets, squares, squares (right: people were everywhere: on the streets, squares, in the squares).

Homogeneous terms must be in the same case as the generalizing word:

Many writers were discussed at the conference: Turgenev, Tolstoy, Chekhov

(right: at the conference many writers were discussed: Turgenev, Tolstoy, Chekhov)

It is not true if homogeneous members are noun and infinitive:

I love reading, music and sports (true: I love reading, music and sports).

5. Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover

First, let us recall that the adverbial participle denotes an additional action with the main, expressed by the predicate verb.

Correct use of the adverbial turnover:

Remember that in a well-formed sentence, the subject of the action - the subject - can simultaneously perform both the main action (predicate) and the additional (participle). In such sentences, the verb can easily replace the verb.

For example:

While preparing for the exam, I repeated all the rules (I prepare and repeat)

The one-part definite personal will also be correct, since in it the subject can be easily inserted into the sentence.

For example:

When preparing for the exam, I repeat the rules (I prepare and I repeat).

Impersonal sentences will also be correct, but remember one very important condition: the sentence must contain an infinitive and the following words:POSSIBLE, NECESSARY, NECESSARY, NECESSARY, SHOULD, WANTED, RECOMMENDED, REQUIRED, NOT.

For example:

When preparing for the exam, you need to remember the rules.

Examples of misuse of the verbal adverb :

Climbing the mountain, it became very cold (in the impersonal sentence there is no subject who would perform an additional action, expressed by the participle).

Approaching the station, my hat fell off (the subject cannot perform an additional action).

6. Violations in the construction of a participial sentence

Violation of the agreement between the defined word and the participle. It is necessary to ask a question from the designated word to the participle, and at the end of it determine what ending the participle will have.

For example:

Poachers who violate the law face a serious fine (what poachers?

It is impossible to use the defined word within the participatory turnover. It must be either BEFORE or AFTER it.

For example:

A boat moored to the shore aroused suspicion (true: a boat moored to the shore).

7. Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech

Direct speech is someone's speech transmitted unchanged. Indirect speech is the transmission of someone else's speech, its meaning in the form of a complex sentence. In sentences with indirect speech, pronouns of 1 and 2 persons cannot be used, only 3 persons are needed.

Examples.

Wrong:

Nekrasov wrote that “I dedicated the lyre to my people” (incorrect use of 1 person).

Right:

Nekrasov wrote that he “dedicated his lyre to his people”,

These are the main types of grammatical errors, examples of which are suggested in the 2015 demo. Of course, there are much more errors of this kind. In the next article I will remind you of them. While learning these rules, do more test tasks.

Good luck to you!

Lesson Development (Lesson Notes)

Secondary general education

Attention! The site administration site is not responsible for the content of methodological developments, as well as for the compliance of the development of the Federal State Educational Standard.

Syntactic norms

Task theory 7

Exercise: Establish a correspondence between sentences and grammatical errors made in them: for each position of the first column, select the corresponding position from the second column. In the 1st column under the letters A) B) C) D) E) examples are given, in the 2nd column under the numbers the reasons for grammatical errors are given.

Write down the selected numbers in the table under the corresponding letters.

How the answer should look like:

The maximum number of points for completing this task is 5 points.

For each correctly defined correspondence - 1 point.

1. Incorrect use of the case form of a noun with a preposition

In the letter problem, we look for derived prepositions (usually the sentence begins with them) and check the case of the noun after the preposition. All of the following prepositions can only be combined with the Dative case of a noun:

According to (to whom? What?)
Thanks (to whom? What?)
Contrary to (to whom? What?)
Like (to whom? What?)
Contrary to (to whom? What?)

Also, the sentence may contain prepositions that are combined with a noun in the Genitive case:

in moderation (what?)
during (what?)
in continuation (what?)
by virtue of (what?)
in conclusion (what?)
in the form of (what?)
because of (what?)
like (what?)

For example: Thanks to the improved service level, there are more buyers in branded stores.

2. Disruption of the connection between the subject and the predicate

We are looking for in tasks with a letter the construction "everyone who ...", "those who ...", "the one who ...", etc., it is necessary to check the agreement of the subject and predicate (singular / plural) in the main and subordinate clauses.

For example: Everyone who has read Pushkin's Boris Godunov remembers the tramp Varlaam.

Everyone who has read Pushkin's Boris Godunov remembers the tramp Varlaam.

3. Violation in the construction of a sentence with an inconsistent application

An assignment with a letter must contain quotes

For example: D.S. Likhachev in the book « Letters of good and beautiful » .

Explanation: Application is a noun definition.

Explanation:

If the quotes are preceded by a generic title (book, newspaper, magazine, painting, etc.), the title in quotes must be in For example, the novel "Eugene Onegin"; painting "Autumn"; song "Dubinushka".
If there is no generic name before the quotation marks, the name in quotation marks is declined. For example, in Eugene Onegin; in "Autumn" by Levitan; in "Dubinushka".

4. An error in the construction of a sentence with homogeneous members

If the sentence contains homogeneous members of the sentence, connected by the union "and", followed by a common dependent word (words), it is necessary to check whether the first homogeneous member of the sentence agrees with these common dependent word. For example, in the sentence “we hoped and believed in victory” the first homogeneous term of the sentence “hoped” does not agree with “to win”, therefore there is a grammatical error in this sentence.

Words of different parts of speech cannot be used as homogeneous members of a sentence For example, "I like to draw and paint"

If in a sentence homogeneous members are connected by double unions "not only - but also", "how - so and", "if not - then", it is necessary to check whether the homogeneous members of the sentence are immediately after these unions. For example, in the sentence “We were waiting Not only Masha but also Vanya "the unions are correct. If we change the place of one of them: “We Not only they were waiting for Masha, but also Vanya ”, a grammatical error will appear in the sentence.

5. Violation of the homogeneity of concepts

Words of different parts of speech cannot be used as homogeneous members of a sentence. For example, "I love drawing and painting"

6. Violation of the homogeneity of syntactic elements

It is unacceptable to violate the homogeneity of the syntactic elements of the sentence. The participial turnover and the subordinate part of a complex sentence cannot act as homogeneous syntactic elements.

For example, in the sentence “Ivan, who was in the 9th grade and who took part in the competition, ...” a mistake was made.

7. Incorrect construction of a sentence with an adverbial turnover

An assignment with a letter begins with an adverbial phrase

For example: Having received primary home education in Moscow, Radishchev was enrolled in the St. Petersburg Corps of Pages.

The participles answer the questions: what are you doing? what having done?

Explanation: The verb is used to express an additional action with the main action expressed by a verb. The person doing both must be the same. In the sentence, the action “credited” is performed by “they, some people” (an indefinite personal sentence), and the action “received” is performed by Radishchev.

Explanation: the adverbial turnover most often cannot be used together with impersonal sentences, except for those cases when the action is expressed by the words "you can, you can not"

8. Violation in the construction of a participial sentence

We are looking for participle in tasks with the letter

The sacrament answers the questions: What is the doer? what did you do? what is done?

Examples of participles: working, doubting, arriving, written, etc.

For example: One of the heroes of the novel, who is looking for the meaning of life, opens the way to inner freedom.

Explanation: If a sentence contains a participle, its form (ending) must match the noun being defined. To do this, we ask from the defined word a question to the sacrament. For example, “there were many guys (what kind?) Came to the forest”. The end of the sacrament must coincide with the end of the question to it.

9. Incorrect construction of a sentence with indirect speech

You can not mix direct and indirect speech. It is unacceptable to use the pronoun "I, WE, YOU, YOU" in the subordinate part of the sentence in indirect speech.

For example, “Dima admitted that I am I'm not ready for class today. "

10. Errors associated with out of order of words in a simple sentence

	Error type
	The subject occupies a place that does not correspond to the fixed generally accepted order.	The author discusses the problems of humanism and mercy in his article.
	The supplement is separate from the word that controls it.	We cannot agree on his attitude to the problem with the author.
	The definition is separate from the word being defined.	Majestic and beautiful, he was struck by the theater building located on the right.
	The circumstance occupies a place that does not correspond to the generally accepted order.	He returned to Leningrad later, after the war, from the hospital.
	Misplaced preposition.	Two hours later the dispute ended (two hours later)
	Misplaced compound union.	Since yesterday and today this problem remains important.
	The mistaken location of the particle would be.	He would like to fly into space or become a traveler.

11. Errors in the use of prepositions

Error type		Offers
	Mixing prepositions from and from (from) guilt from and from through and because of	When he arrived with village to city, then a lot was surprised. Returning with school, he immediately sat down for lessons. The soldiers who took part on war, returned to a peaceful life. Real heroism manifested at battles for Moscow. From from morning to evening he worked in his editorial office. He almost died across betrayal of a friend.
	No preposition.	Can't help but bow down his heroism.
	Having an unnecessary pretext.