Which Toyota is the best? Volkswagen Diesel Engines - Buyer's Guide

Characteristics and applicability

Starting in 2006, the Volkswagen concern (VAG) has launched a new turbodiesel unit with a capacity of 140 horsepower. This engine is installed on most models of the concern, and is also purchased by the Dodge automaker. On VAG vehicles, this motor is known as BYL, BWD. Chrysler-Dodge vehicles use their own marking - ECD or ECE(depending on the parameters of the fuel system). Physically, these engines are the same, the differences will be only in the fuel system, attachments and engine control unit firmware. And of course, different automakers use different markings: CDI - for Chrysler-Dodge-Jeep, and TDi - for cars of the VAG group.

A far from complete list of cars under the hood of which this power unit can be found includes:

Dodge Avenger, Caliber, Journey;

Jeep Compass, Patriot;

Chrysler Sebring;

vw Tiguan, Jetta, Golf, Eos, Passat, Sharan, Touran;

Audi A3, A6, A4;

seat Toledo, Alhambra;

Skoda Octavia.

Over the past 10 years, this power unit has managed to establish itself as one of the most reliable VAG engines. A mileage of 300-400 thousand kilometers before a major overhaul is not uncommon for ECD motors. Serious breakdowns on earlier runs are usually associated not with the mechanics of the motor, but with the failure of the turbine.

One of the strengths of the ECD motor is fuel consumption. When comparing average fuel consumption with other modern 2-liter turbo diesels, ECD always occupies one of the leading positions. The average fuel consumption in the combined cycle is 7-7.5 liters in summer, and about 8.5-9 liters in winter.

Typical faults, weaknesses

According to the reviews of owners of cars equipped with an ECD engine, we can conclude that the engine is quite noisy when driving. Also, most car owners note the lack of traction, good dynamics, until the speed reaches 2000, but then the rapid dynamics will please every fan of turbodiesels.

The problem with the unit injectors, typical for diesel engines, also often manifests itself on the ECD. The most common symptom indicating this malfunction is the unstable operation of the power unit at idle, vibration. However, this problem characterizes the reliability of the engine, and even BOSCH pump injectors, only indirectly, and is usually caused more by the use of low-quality fuel than by some design flaws in the power unit and its fuel system.

It is very important to monitor the condition of the turbine very carefully. From practice, there are cases when, due to a turbine breakdown, oil entered the cylinders and the engine jammed. If such a breakdown occurs at high speeds, then a water hammer usually occurs and the motor is sent for overhaul. A break in the timing belt also leads to a major overhaul (according to the regulations, it changes every 120 thousand kilometers).

In our online store for sale is an ECD engine dismantled from a 2009 Chrysler Sebring. The car was purchased at an auction in Spain and has a confirmed mileage of 46452 km. The engine has not been operated on Russian fuel and does not have any defects. Also on our channel there is a video of scrolling the crankshaft of the ECD motor, filmed for one of the clients.

We present to your attention an overview of the most popular diesel engines of the Volkswagen concern.

1.9 TDI

Short description.

4-cylinder;

8 valve;

Pump nozzles or direct injection;

With turbocharger;

Designed for small, compact or middle class vehicles.

This power unit was not the first "TDI" on the market, but it was he who contributed to the fact that VW diesel engines became known almost all over the world. It was first used in the Audi 80 B4 in 1991. The 90 PS version of the 1.9 TDI proved to be the benchmark in its class. The car reached a hundred in less than 15 seconds and consumed about 5.5 liters per 100 kilometers. In practice, this made it possible to cover 1200 km without refueling. An additional advantage was the absence of problems with starting at low temperatures (typical for engines with direct fuel injection), as well as excellent reliability.

The 1.9 TDI was based on the 1.9 TD. The main differences: a new head and power system. Direct fuel injection from high pressure pumps is a key element in improving efficiency.

Higher power versions soon appeared - the most common 110-horsepower version. The engine went to the most popular models of the German concern: Audi, Seat, Skoda and Volkswagen.

In 1998, the next generation of the 1.9 TDI PD power unit entered the market. It is distinguished by the use of pump-injectors, which replaced the classic scheme - injectors plus high-pressure fuel pump. The new solution made it possible to increase the injection pressure. This further reduced fuel consumption and improved performance. However, there was a small side effect - a slight increase in operating costs.

The only downside to the 1.9 TDI and 1.9 TDI PD is that they are quite noisy. Fortunately, this is only felt in lower class cars, and mainly at low speeds. While driving at a speed of about 100 km / h - due to various acoustic noises - the sound of the motor is no longer distinguishable.

It is worth noting that to reduce vibrations, the manufacturer used special engine mounts - pillows filled with oil. Cheap substitutes are made of rubber and metal, and therefore greatly reduce the level of comfort.

Interesting fact. The 1.9 TDI is easy to tune. Simple manipulations with the software allow you to increase the return by 20-30 hp. Specialists easily increase the maximum power by 2 times.

Even the first 1.9 TDIs are considered very hardy. However, already after 300,000 km, the first signs of aging appear: oil consumption increases, smoke appears when gas is added, oil leaks are observed, and power drops slightly. The newer 1.9 TDI PDs are slightly less reliable, but compared to modern diesel units, they are a role model.

Exhaust gas recirculation valve wear.

Typical symptoms of an EGR valve failure are a drop in power, smoke, and sometimes a characteristic thud from under the hood. Repair comes down to diagnosing and eliminating related problems, and then replacing the element with a new one (cost about $ 100).

Wear of hydraulic valve lifters.

Noisy engine operation will indicate wear on the hydraulic tappets. The owners do not notice this, since the extraneous sound grows gradually from year to year, and fuel consumption and power do not change. The only cure is to install new ones. This is best done in conjunction with servicing the timing drive, since it will still have to be removed to replace it. One pusher costs about 6 dollars, and there are 8 of them in total.

Deterioration of the dual flywheel.

A characteristic ringing when turning off the engine indicates wear on the flywheel. Sometimes a metallic noise is also heard at idle. In such a situation, it remains only to spend about $ 600 and replace the complete clutch kit along with the flywheel. It is worth noting that not all 1.9 TDI engines are equipped with a dual-mass flywheel. For example, the older 1Z does not have it.

Specifications 1.9 TDI - partI.

Versions	1.9 TDI 75	1.9 TDI 90	1.9 TDI 110	1.9 TDI PD 75	1.9 TDI PD90
Supply system	injection pump	injection pump	injection pump	injector pump	injector pump
Working volume	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3
Cylinders / valves	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8
Max. power	75 HP / 4000	90 HP / 4000	110 HP / 4000	75 HP / 4000	90 HP / 4000
Max. torque	150 Nm / 1500	202 Nm / 1900	235 Nm / 1900	210 Nm / 1900	210 Nm / 1800-2500
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Specifications 1.9 TDI - Part II.

Versions	1.9 TDI PD90	1.9 TDI PD 101	1.9 TDI PD 101	1.9 TDI PD 105
Supply system	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump
Working volume	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3
Cylinders / valves	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8
Max. power	90 HP / 4000	101 HP / 4000	101 HP / 4000	105 HP / 4000
Max. torque	240 Nm / 1900	240 Nm / 1800-2400	250 Nm / 1900	240 Nm / 1800
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Specifications 1.9 TDI - Part III.

Versions	1.9 TDI PD 105	1.9 TDI PD 131	1.9 TDI PD 131	1.9 TDI PD 150
Supply system	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump
Working volume	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3	1896 cm3
Cylinders / valves	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8	R4/8
Max. power	105 HP / 4000	131 HP / 4000	131 HP / 4000	150 HP / 1900
Max. torque	250 Nm / 1900	285 Nm / 1750-2500	310 Nm / 1900	320 Nm / 1900
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Application.

Audi A3 I - 09.1996-05.2003;

Audi A3 II - 05.2003-05.2010;

Audi A3 Sportback - 09.2004-05.2010;

Audi 80 B4 - 09.1991-12.1994;

Audi A4 B5 - 01.1995-11.2000;

Audi A4 B6 - 11.2000-12.2004;

Audi A4 B7 - 11.2004-06.2008;

Audi A6 C4 - 06.1994-10.1997;

Audi A6 C5 - 04.1997-01.2005;

Seat Ibiza II - 08.1996-08.1999;

Seat Ibiza III - 08.1999-02.2002;

Seat Ibiza IV - 02.2002-11.2009;

Seat Leon I - 11.1999-06.2006;

Seat Leon II - 07.2005-09.2012;

Seat Toledo I - 08.1995-03.1999;

Seat Toledo II - 04.1999-05.2006;

Seat Toledo III - 10.2004-05.2009;

Seat Altea - 04.2004-03.2010;

Seat Alhambra I - 04.1996-3.2010;

Skoda Fabia II - 04.2007-03.2010;

Skoda Octavia I - 09.1996-03.2010;

Skoda Octavia II - 06.2004-12.2010;

Skoda Superb I - 12.2001-03.2008;

Skoda Superb II - 03.2008-03.2010;

Skoda Roomster - 03.2006-03.2010;

Volkswagen Polo 9N - 10.2001-11.2009;

Volkswagen Golf III - 09.1993-08.1997;

Volkswagen Golf III Cabriolet - 08.2005-06.2002;

Volkswagen Golf IV - 08.1997-06.2005;

Volkswagen Golf V - 10.2003-11.2008;

Volkswagen Golf Plus - 01.2005-01.2009;

Volkswagen Touran - 02.2003-05.2010;

Volkswagen New Beetle - 01.1998-06.2004;

Volkswagen Passat B4 - 10.1993-08.1996;

Volkswagen Passat B5 - 08.1996-05.2005;

Volkswagen Passat B6 - 03.2005-11.2008;

Volkswagen Sharan I - 09.1995-03.2010.

Ford Galaxy I, I FL: 03.1995-05.2006.

Volkswagen jealously guarded its successful power units and did not provide them to competitors. The only exception to this rule was the first generation Ford Galaxy. The car was a technical twin of the VW Sharan and Seat Alhambra and therefore received a wide range of diesel TDIs with a capacity of 90, 110, 115, 130 and 150 hp.

Conclusion.

This is one of the best engines in automotive history. It is economical, and in more powerful modifications - dynamic. Its main advantages are durability and inexpensive repairs. An alternative to it could be the 2.0 TDI CR.

1. 4 TDI

Short description.

3-cylinder;

6 valve;

nozzles;

Turbocharger;

Designed for small city cars.

The 1.4 TDI (namely the 1.4 TDI PD) was created from the 1.9 TDI PD engine by "removing" one cylinder. The powertrain made its debut in the small Volkswagen Lupo. Pretty quickly, he got into other, larger models of the Volkswagen concern. It is most often found in the Audi A2, Seat Ibiza, Skoda Fabia and VW Polo.

This engine demonstrates the greatest risks of malfunctions in the export Skoda Octavia, especially in the station wagon. The fact is that this particular car was often used in corporate garages. And there, as you know, the machines are operated harshly and carelessly. This greatly affects the condition of the motor.

Most car enthusiasts consider the noisy 1.4 TDI PD to be the best alternative to the naturally aspirated 1.9 SDI (it's not included because it doesn't break down). Thanks to the turbocharging, the 1.4-liter unit has better elasticity and greater efficiency. The real consumption of diesel fuel on the highway is about 4 l / 100 km, in the city - about 6.5 l.

Operation and typical malfunctions.

Just like the 1.9 TDI PD, the small 1.4 TDI PD has a cast iron block, aluminum head, timing belt and pump injectors. With skillful operation, it turns out to be practically trouble-free. In popular corporate vehicles (Skoda Fabia Combi, Roomster), the first signs of serious wear appear after 200,000 km - the result of operation with full gear.

Deterioration of pump injectors.

Symptoms - uneven engine operation, and the glow plug indicator lights up while driving. Before deciding to replace or restore injectors, it is necessary to conduct a thorough diagnosis and exclude wear on other elements of the fuel system.

Wear of the turbocharger.

A typical malfunction at high mileage and harsh operating conditions. Repair of the turbocharger of the 90-horsepower version is more expensive due to the variable geometry.

Specifications 1.4 TDI.

Versions	1.4 TDI PD 70	1.4 TDI PD 75	1.4 TDI PD 90
Supply system	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump
Working volume	1422 cm3	1422 cm3	1422 cm3
Cylinders / valves	R3/6	R3/6	R3/6
Max. power	70 HP / 4000	75 HP / 4000	90 HP / 4000
Max. torque	155 Nm / 1600-2800	195 Nm / 2200	230 Nm / 1900
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Application.

Audi A2 - 02.2002-08.2005;

Seat Arosa - 01.2000-06.2004;

Seat Ibiza III - 05.2002-11.2009;

Seat Ibiza IV - 07.2008-06.2010;

Seat Cordoba II - 10.2002-11.2009;

Skoda Fabia I - 01.2000-03.2008;

Skoda Fabia II - 01.2007-03.2010;

Skoda Roomster - 07.2006-03.2010;

Volkswagen Lupo - 01.1999-07.2005;

Volkswagen Fox - from 04.2005.

Conclusion.

This is a very economical engine. Its main drawback is uncomfortable work. It does not have a particulate filter, and therefore is best suited for the city. An alternative could be the younger 1.2 TDI, but it is more expensive to repair.

2.0 TDI

Short description.

4-cylinder;

8 or 16 valve;

Injector pump or Common Rail;

Turbocharger;

Designed for compact and medium class cars.

The 2.0 TDI is the successor to the popular 1.9 TDI. It was planned that he would repeat the success of his predecessor. But, unfortunately, this did not happen. The engine debuted in 2003 in an 8-valve version. In terms of technical parameters, the power unit has become better in every way.

He won notoriety under the hood of the Volkswagen Passat B6, where he proved to be very unreliable. However, a few years later, the 2.0 TDI PD was offered in all models of the VW group. Volkswagen even loaned it to other manufacturers.

It is worth noting that under the general name 2.0 TDI PD, several different engine modifications are hidden. They differ in the degree of forcing and technical details, such as the number of valves, the design of auxiliary equipment, and even the scheme of the lubrication system. It is for this reason that some models with 2.0 TDI PD do not bother their owners, while others, especially in the Passat B6, are constantly upset.

At the end of 2007, Volkswagen thoroughly upgraded the power unit. The pump injectors were replaced with a Common Rail power system and most of the defects were eliminated. But the main reason for the reconstruction is the tightening of environmental standards and the reduction of production costs. Common Rail gives more opportunities to control the valve timing and injection. Plus, it's cheaper to manufacture.

The market is dominated by two versions of the CR - 140 and 170 hp. Interestingly, the Volkswagen diesel engine with pump injectors was also offered in two boost options - 140 and 170 hp. Therefore, at first glance, according to the technical parameters, it is difficult to understand what kind of engine we are talking about.

Operation and typical malfunctions.

The reliability of the 2.0 TDI depends not only on the operating conditions, but also on its version. Each option has its own code. It is entered in the service book, and is also indicated on the information plate, which is located in the trunk - in the spare wheel well. The engine with the designation BKD, which was installed in the Audi A3 II, Skoda Octavia II, Seat Leon II, VW Golf V, enjoys the best reputation. The BKP series engine used in the Passat B6 earned the worst reviews.

Failure of the injector pump.

The injectors of 2.0 TDI PD engines fail a little more often than 1.9 TDI PD engines. But the worst thing is that they are more expensive. There are two types of injectors - Bosch and Siemens. The former cost about $250, the latter about $400.

Oil pump malfunctions.

In some versions of the 2.0 TDI PD, such as the previously mentioned BKP, the oil pump drive wears out prematurely. As a result, the oil pump may fail, resulting in damage to the turbocharger and seizure of the bearings. The presence of a problem will signal the oil pressure indicator, but as a rule, this means that it is already too late. The pump drive can be repaired or replaced with a new one (about $500). However, this is a temporary solution. After such a malfunction, it is better to replace the engine, for example, with a 2.0 TDI PD from Skoda Octavia II or VW Golf V.

Head cracking.

In some versions of the 2.0 TDI PD, head damage often occurs. The defect affects 16-valve modifications. Repair is difficult and does not guarantee success. New heads cost between $500 and $800.

Particulate filter malfunctions.

In 2.0 TDI PD engines, there are 2 types of DPF filters: dry and wet. The latter type was common in the Passat B5 FL Skoda Superb versions and was not very reliable.

Technical data 2.0 TDI - partI.

Versions	2.0 TDI PD	2.0 TDI PD	2.0 TDI PD	2.0 TDI PD
Supply system	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump	injector pump
Working volume	1968 cm3	1968 cm3	1968 cm3	1968 cm3
Cylinders / valves	R4/8	R4/16	R4/8	R4/16
Max. power	136 HP / 4000	136 HP / 4000	140 HP / 4000	140 HP / 4000
Max. torque	335 Nm / 1750	320 Nm / 1750	320 Nm / 1800-2500	320 Nm / 1750-2500
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Technical Data 2.0 TDI - Part II.

Versions	2.0 TDI PD	2.0 TDI CR	2.0 TDI CR	2.0 TDI CR
Supply system	nozzles	common rail	common rail	common rail
Working volume	1968 cm3	1968 cm3	1968 cm3	1968 cm3
Cylinders / valves	R4/16	R4/16	R4/16	R4/16
Max. power	170 HP / 4200	110 HP / 4200	140 HP / 4200	170 HP / 4200
Max. torque	350 Nm / 1800-2500	250 Nm / 1500-2500	320 Nm / 1750-2500	350 Nm / 1750-2500
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Application.

Currently, the 2.0 TDI engine is one of the most popular powertrains in Volkswagen Group models. In the compact class, it can act as a sports powertrain, such as the Seat Ibiza Cupra, and in the middle it serves as a base unit, such as the Passat.

Audi A3 II - 03.2003-03.2013;

Audi A3 II Sportback - 05.2004–03.2013;

Audi A4 B7 - 2004-2008;

Audi A4 B8 - from 09.2007;

Audi A6 C6 - 07.2004-03.2011;

Audi A6 C7 - from 10.2013;

Chrysler Sebring III - 03.2007-04.2009;

Mitsubishi Outlander II - 02.2007-10.2010;

Seat Ibiza IV - since 10.2009;

Seat Leon II - 2005-2012;

Seat Leon III - from 11.2012;

Seat Toledo III - 2004-2009;

Seat Altea - 03.2004-09.2010;

Seat Exeo - 04.2009-05.2013;

Seat Alhambra I FL - 10.2005-08.2010;

Seat Alhambra II - since 05.2010;

Skoda Octavia II - 06.2004-01.2013;

Skoda Superb I - 2004-2008;

Skoda Superb II - from 06.2008;

Skoda Yeti - since 2009;

Volkswagen Golf V - 08.2003-05.2009;

Volkswagen Golf Plus I, II - from 12.2004;

Volkswagen Golf VI - 10.2008-10.2012;

Volkswagen Golf VII - from 08.2012;

Volkswagen Beetle - from 02.2012;

Volkswagen Passat B5 FL - 11.2003–05.2005;

Volkswagen Passat B6 - 02.2005-07.2010;

Volkswagen Passat B7 - from 11.2010;

Volkswagen Tiguan - since 08.2007;

Volkswagen Touran I - 01.2003-05.2010;

Volkswagen Touran II - from 05.2010;

Volkswagen Scirocco - since 07.2008;

Volkswagen Sharan II - 10.2005-08.2010;

Volkswagen Sharan III - from 05.2010.

The 2.0 TDI engine was also installed in cars from other manufacturers:

Chrysler Sebring III;

Dodge Avenger Caliber

Jeep Compas;

Mitsubishi Grandis, Lancer VIII, Outlander II.

Conclusion.

The 2.0 TDI PD engine deserves very low ratings. In terms of performance, it's not bad, but reliability calls into question the brand's reputation. Positive feedback deserves an engine with a Common Rail power system.

2.5 TDIV6

Short description.

6-cylinder;

24-valve;

direct injection;

Turbocharger;

Designed for cars of the middle class and above.

Market realities of the 90s forced VW to develop a modern diesel V-twin engine. Further improvement of the utilitarian 5-cylinder unit did not make any sense. This is how the 2.5 TDI V6 was born - the first diesel V6 of the Volkswagen concern.

This engine debuted in 1997, originally in the Audi A8. The block was cast from cast iron, and two heads from aluminum. The power unit received an unusual gas distribution system for that time: 4 valves per cylinder and only 4 camshafts (2 per head). The system was powered by a complex pattern of toothed timing belts. The main belt drove only the intake shafts, while the exhaust had a separate belt. Fuel was supplied using a Bosch injection pump. This turbodiesel never had a particulate filter, and the EGR valve appeared only in the version that complies with the Euro-4 environmental standard.

Operation and typical malfunctions.

The 2.5 TDI V6 engine has a terrible reputation, quickly earned in the early 150 hp version. Later modifications with a capacity of 155-179 hp. performed much better. Recommendations are worthy of the BAU and BCZ models.

Shaft wear.

This is the main problem with the 150 hp TDI V6. The wear of the shaft cams leads to the fact that the engine starts to work more and more unevenly. In the end, the shafts will have to be removed and subjected to the restoration process. This will require about $1,000.

Pump failure VP.

A technically advanced electronically controlled injection pump is prone to malfunction due to a malfunction of the controller, or rather the fuel quantity calibration sensor. A new pump costs about $300. There are no analogues.

Oil leaks.

To eliminate oil leaks through the seals, as a rule, it is required to remove the engine. Repairs will have to spend almost 500-700 dollars.

Clogged crankcase ventilation system.

White smoke and loss of power may indicate clogged crankcase ventilation. It will cost about $70 to replace. For preventive purposes, it is better to carry it out every 50-60 thousand km.

Specifications 2.5 TDI V6.

Versions	2.5 TDI	2.5 TDI	2.5 TDI	2.5 TDI
Supply system	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection	direct injection
Working volume	2496 cm3	2496 cm3	2496 cm3	2496 cm3
Cylinders / valves	V6/24	V6/24	V6/24	V6/24
Max. power	150 HP / 4000	155 HP / 4000	163 HP / 4000	179 hp / 4000
Max. torque	310 Nm / 1400-3200	310 Nm / 1400-3200	310 Nm / 1400-3600	370 Nm / 1500-2500
Timing drive	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt	toothed belt

Application.

Audi A8 D2 - 01.1997-2002;

Audi A6 C5 - 07.1997-01.2005;

Audi A4 B5, B6 - 09.1997-12.2004;

Volkswagen Passat B5 - 07.1998-05.2005;

Skoda Superb I - 12.2001-03-2008.

Conclusion.

The first experiment failed. Many other manufacturers have also tried to create the perfect diesel V6, but without success. You should stay away from the 150-strong version. Recommendations are worthy of options with a capacity of 163 and 179 hp, but only those that comply with the Euro-3 standard. Later engines are troublesome. A good alternative would be petrol V6.

2.7 and 3.0TDI

Short description.

6-cylinder;

24-valve;

Common rail direct injection;

Turbocharger;

Designed for middle class cars and above, SUVs.

The 2.7 and 3.0 TDI V6 engines are designed from scratch and have nothing in common with the old V6 2.5 TDI. These are modern turbodiesels with a Common Rail injection system and a system of three timing chains located in an inconvenient place - on the side of the gearbox. These engines deliver fantastic performance and use noticeably less fuel than the 2.5 TDI when running smoothly.

The 3-litre TDI debuted in 2004 in the Audi A8. He was admired by journalists and customers who drew attention to the fantastic dynamic characteristics. The power unit has a cast-iron block and cylinders spaced at an angle of 90 degrees. In addition to a set of timing chains that drive the shafts, there is a toothed belt for driving a Common Rail high-pressure pump that creates a pressure of 1600 bar. The fuel supply to the cylinders is carried out by Bosch piezoelectric injectors. The engine had two intercoolers located on the sides. The 2.7-liter unit was distinguished by a piston stroke reduced by 8 mm. All common rail V6 TDIs have a DPF filter.

Most TDIs with more than 6 cylinders, such as the 4.2 TDI and 6.0 TDI, are obtained by increasing the number of cylinders. This does not apply to the 10-cylinder unit (known from the VW Touareg), which is a de facto combination of two 2.5-liter inline fives.

Operation and typical malfunctions.

The technically complex 3.0 TDI requires a lot of effort and money for any repair. Here we are dealing with a "set of equipment" that increases the cost of ownership. Unfortunately, the TDI CR V6 is practically unable to go 300,000 km without repair. Often, serious problems begin to appear after 150,000 km.

Timing drive.

In many cars, the timing chain tensioner delivers trouble. This is manifested by a rattle at startup. It's not worth the hassle with repairs. A complex replacement of the timing belt with new tensioners will cost 2000-2500 dollars. Fortunately, there are few cases of chain jumping, but if this happens, an overhaul of the engine will be required.

Piston burnout.

The first batches of 3.0 TDI were equipped with piezoelectric injectors, which quickly failed. They provided a shortage of fuel supplied to the cylinders. As a result, a too lean mixture led to an increase in temperature and burnout of the pistons.

Specifications 2.7 TDI.

Versions	2.7 TDI	2.7 TDI	2.7 TDI
Supply system	common rail	common rail	common rail
Working volume	2698 cm3	2698 cm3	2698 cm3
Cylinders / valves	V6/24	V6/24	V6/24
Max. power	180 HP / 3300	190 HP / 3500	204 HP / 3500
Max. torque	380 Nm / 1400-3500	400 Nm / 1400-3500	450 Nm / 1400-3500
Timing drive	chain	chain	chain

Specifications 3.0 TDI.

Versions	3.0 TDI	3.0 TDI	3.0 TDI	3.0 TDI	3.0 BiTDI
Supply system	common rail	common rail	common rail	common rail	common rail
Working volume	2967 cm3	2967 cm3	2967 cm3	2967 cm3	2967 cm3
Cylinders / valves	V6/24	V6/24	V6/24	V6/24	V6/24
Max. power	224 HP / 4000	233 HP / 4000	240 HP / 4000	245 HP / 4000	313 HP / 3900
Max. torque	450 Nm / 1400-3250	450 Nm / 1400-3250	500 Nm / 1400-3500	580 Nm / 1400-3250	650 Nm / 1450-2800
Timing drive	chain	chain	chain	chain	chain

Application.

Audi A4 B7, B8 - from 11.2004;

Audi A5 - from 06.2007;

Audi A6 C6, C7 - from 05.2004;

Audi A7 - from 10.2010;

Audi A8 D3, D4 - from 01.2004;

Audi Q5/SQ5 - from 11.2008;

Audi Q7 - from 03.2006;

Porsche Cayenne I - 02.2009-06.2010;

Porsche Cayenne II - from 06.2010;

Volkswagen Phaeton - from 09.2004;

Volkswagen Touareg I - 11.2004-01.2010;

Volkswagen Touareg II - from 01.2010.

Conclusion.

An excellent choice for those who do not have to reckon with operating costs. If you're buying a diesel to save money, stay away from the 3.0 TDI. A good alternative would be a V6 3.0 TSI gasoline engine.

And hello again, dear forum users.

So I decided to write a review about Merc, which I was not going to buy.

My relative decided to buy cars from a region not far from Moscow. He collected some money and came to the capital in order to find a car here for his restless soul. The budget is 600 thousand of our rubles. And he wanted a Honda chord with a 2.4-liter engine. Another considered Sonata NF and Volvo S 60, but not a single instance and did not bother to look. How many accordions we reviewed with him, it's even scary to remember. Everyone was beaten in the face. Absolutely. When they called the owners of the car, the cars were all ideally, not beaten, not painted. In fact, everything was sadder. Honestly, I don’t know how cars can be rolled away like that. I can roll the car in terms of mileage, but the condition will not get to the bottom. And then ... Damn, it's disgusting even to sit in the salon.

And so, when we were driving from one such meeting, a friend called me and asked for help. My bro is free (what business does he have in Moscow, he would like to find a car) and we are going to the “strelka”. My friend is asking for money. He says that he got a little and urgently needs a certain amount of money, so, they say, I’m even selling a Mercedes. Brother caught fire, I want this Merc. I oppose him by the fact that he simply does not have enough dough. The answer killed me with its simplicity - “What are you doing, you won’t give me a loan, or what? I'll give it to you in a couple of months. You are my brother." How can you refuse, the argument is ironclad.

The next day we went to the official service to my good friend too. Verdict - perfect car. The only jamb that I knew about was that a shoe flew into the front bumper on the highway in February (this is the garbage that truckers substitute under the wheels of trucks) and broke the right side. The iron was not damaged. Only bumper and right headlight mount. Everything was fixed on a normal service. Since this is not fatal for cars, then bro decided to take this Mercedes. I had already decided to relax and thought how good it would be when he left me. Three weeks of hospitality is probably the limit for me. It wasn't there. He raised me up at seven in the morning shouting, but how far is it to Aprelevka. He says that he found the ideal chord, let's go and see. I already forgot about Merc. What should I do? Let's go, brother. It makes no sense to describe everything, I will say one thing, we took this chord from Aprelevka. It was a decent option. Everything, a relative left, otherwise I was already tired of remembering HIS relatives. Especially mom, for some reason.

This would be the end of the matter, but a friend on Mercy had to be bailed out with money. And I took it into my head to exchange his Mercedes for money. This option suited him, because. he had nowhere to go, and we shook hands. This is how another guest appeared in my garage (although I still don’t understand why I bought it).

What we have. Mercedes, issue December 2004, 2.2 liter turbodiesel, 150 hp, manual, 6 steps. The whole story is transparent from the very release to delivery to Russia. The first trip, to be honest, was difficult. I used to cut through the expanses of our country on a jeep and not pay special attention to the condition of the roadway. Yes, and mechanics ... A third leg would be. But I got used to it quickly, and now there is no negative. Now I will try to explain everything in detail. When I arrived home, I immediately cleaned the entire interior, I like it to be perfect cleanliness. And I hate those people who, getting into my car, cling to plastic thresholds with dirty feet, put their feet past the rugs, try to eat a pie and throw all sorts of crumbs around the cabin. That's why I rarely drive anyone. Basically me and a friend fighting. Behind me, I have velor mats in general for beauty, apparently, they lie. Well, everyone has their own quirks, and I love cleanliness in the cabin.

In appearance, everything is pretty nice and in its place. I definitely like the shape of the body, not outdated yet.

There are no special complaints about the suspension either. Harsh a little, but the road holds confidently. The unevenness of the roadway smooths out well. In general, it is also satisfactory.

In the cabin, everything is strictly and in its place. The climate is separate, it definitely works well, better than in the Grande. The cabin is warm and cozy. Music plays at 5, it's a pity it doesn't read MP3s. At a speed of 150 km / h, the cabin is quiet (I didn’t drive anymore, I don’t like high speed, 120-130 is best for me on the highway). Extraneous noise was not detected, only spikes make a uniform buzz. The shift lever is exactly what I like. Short and clear. Handbrake, or rather scissor, I do not like. It would be better if they did it the old fashioned way, under the right hand. Space in the cabin for me personally enough. My passenger doesn't complain either. I like how the trunk opens. Not like many sedans, I pressed the button on the key fob, and it opened a little, but really opens its arms. Only in this trunk there is one minus. It doesn't have a spare. Generally not provided by the manufacturer. There is only a repair kit, as in a tire shop, and an electric pump.

The engine is heard only from the outside, from the inside only a slight vibration makes it clear that there is a diesel engine under the hood. It accelerates confidently, when overtaking on the highway I also don’t feel flawed. After wide, I do not feel a lack of power. Blows confidently. The only thing that killed me was the long distance trip. Yesterday I arrived from Voronezh. Went back and forth one day. The right leg was constantly numb. I don't know why. I lowered the front part of the seat down, it seemed to become easier, but it’s not very comfortable to sit like that, I slide down to the steering wheel all the time (I’ll be honest, no one can compare with a wide chair yet). In short, I have not yet found the ideal seating position for a long trip. And the back is still numb (but in this case I still sin because I was tired before the trip, that's the result). But the consumption of diesel fuel - after a wide one, it’s even scary to compare. Comp showed 5.1 liters per 100 km. What the Grand spends on the highway for 150-200 km will be enough for me to safely drive to Voronezh on a Mercedes and still remain on the way back. The car does not have a dipstick to check the engine oil level. I don’t have enough of it to be sure, but for three thousand mileage and five thousand, the previous owner had no oil consumption. It's just soothing. Cruise control - on the poker for me, this stray is superfluous and incomprehensible. Honestly, I do not understand why they put it. I do not quite understand antibuks, it seems that it does not turn off at all. In winter, the owner of such a device can get stuck even in shallow snow. But in general, everything is harmonious in the car and in its place.

So the first sensations are rather pleasant, I was not disappointed in the purchase, and in the Mercedes as a whole. The car is decent, if not ushatanenny, and comfortable. I must say right away that I bought it purely for the summer, especially since in June I get a new MS. In general, I understand with my mind that a passenger car in Russia is rather useless. Just transport your ass from point A to point B on a normal road. If there is no road, then you need a jeep. And we have almost no roads. When I asked a question about this Merc on this site, those people who had never used this car answered. Most shouted that the car was in a taxi. No one knows anything about those parts. In the service center, they told me that the car was reliable, the manual gearbox never caused any complaints, the suspension is like driving. I was told that as you drive, you don’t even have to climb into the suspension. Take and use. So I took it. And I use.

Thank you all for taking the time to write this short story. If you have any questions - ask, I will be happy to answer.

2L is a member of Toyota's third family of diesel engines.

The L diesel engine family appeared in October 1977 and is still in production today! A simple single-shaft head with an intermediate shaft, a belt drive, a mechanical injection pump - this was the basis, and on the 2L modification, an electronic injection pump and a modified valve opening drive appeared.

The 2L engine was 2.4 liters, here are the options for its execution against the backdrop of the entire "family":

1977–1983 - 2.2 L (2.188 cm3) L

1980–200? – 2.4 L (2.446 cm3) 2L

19??-2006 - 2.4 L (2.446 cm3) 2L-TE

1989–20?? – 2.4 L (2.446 cm3) 2L-THE

1991-1997 - 2.8 L (2.779 cm3) 3L

1997-???? – 3.0 L (2.986 cm3) 5L

So, a 2L engine with a volume of 2.4 L (2,446 cm3) in-line four-cylinder diesel engine, a cylinder diameter of 92 mm and a piston stroke of 92 mm is the ideal proportion, such engines are the most successful! The compression ratio is high, about 22.3:1, and the maximum speed is 4800 min-1. Power output from 76 to 87 hp (57 - 65 kW) and torque 15.8–16.8 kg m (155–165 N m).

Engines 2L were remembered by all servicemen and repairmen for numerous breakdowns and cracks in the head - very often it failed due to overheating. This happened for two reasons - in many models the expansion barrel was too low and the system was easily aired. The second reason is an extremely inefficient pump, a design similar to the Zhiguli one:

Wow! Drive by an external service belt, which can break at the most inopportune moment, and a viscous coupling to turn on the heating fan - the design is not reliable, it causes motors to overheat in traffic jams! I don’t know, maybe in those distant times there were no traffic jams at all?

The design of the head is the same as in the old Zhiguli - one camshaft, 8 valves on the guide, drive through rocker arms, no hydraulic compensators and other difficulties.

The head is aluminum, the drive is made by a belt and, just like on the Zhiguli, there is an intermediate shaft - the injection pump drive is organized through it and it also performs the functions of a balancing shaft - after all, in-line four-cylinder engines with a volume of more than 2 liters are not produced without it. These shafts look like this:

It should be noted that the engine 2L in design it is similar not only to the engine from the old Zhiguli, it also has something from the "eight" engine: a trochoid-type oil pump, it is dressed on the bow of the crankshaft, we considered this design to be quite reliable, because it was on the VAZ -2108, and every master knows that the figure eight was a very reliable car:

We would now say that this motor is archaic, but the Japanese are brave people and stuck a turbine into it, so the simplest "turbo" revision appeared 2L-T.

The simplest turbine paired with a mechanical injection pump, this raised the power to 85-91 hp. (from 63 to 68 kW) at a speed of 4000 min-1, and the torque increased to a solid 188 N * m at 2200 min-1.

This revision of the motor was installed on the Hilux, Cresta Super Custom, Land Cruiser, Blizzard LD20 (1984-1990) models and even in English Metrocab TTT 67 kW (2000–2006):

The next cool experiment was the revision 2L-TE- "cunning" electronics were added to the high-pressure fuel pump and EFI(Electronic Fuel Injection) - electronic fuel injection.

It was already in 1982 year and it was very brave! Of course, before that EFI(electronic fuel injection) has been used on petrol models for several years, but they use a pump with much lower fuel pressure! Buying this motor in those years was a real suicide - these Toyota systems did not work properly for another 20 years! Only nowadays, systems similar to those, buyers began to buy without fear (by the way, in vain!)

Application of electronic injection ( EFI) on a diesel engine 2L-TE allowed to increase power and torque even more - now they began to remove 97 hp from the same iron. (72 kW) at 3800 min-1 and maximum torque 221 N*m at 2400 min-1.

It can be assumed that this "trick" did not add reliability at all .... but this motor was installed on the "top" models: Hilux, Land Cruiser Prado, Mark II / Chaser / Cresta, Toyota Hiace Super Custom.

But later an even more "evil" version appeared 2L-THE in it, a high-pressure supercharger was added to the electronic high-pressure pump, the maximum power increased to 100 hp. (74 kW) at 4000 min-1, and the maximum torque increased to 221 N * m at 2400 min-1.

Even in this engine, the design of the cylinder head was changed, doing everything the same as on the VAZ-2108, the shims on the valves and the camshaft above them (i.e. without rocker arms and intermediate shafts), well, with such a design of the valves as on the G8 "only eight:

Such "super-" engines were installed on the Crown in the 120th and 130th body, this lasted from 1983 to 1993 and I don’t remember that these cars would be popular with us ... diesel was considered very NOT reliable there .. ..

Back in 1991, only 15% of passenger cars were used. Then they could not compete with gasoline and had practically no advantages. But by 2015, they won over half of the market and became the most popular, because new diesel models have become more powerful, more economical, and more reliable.

Now the share of diesel engines has fallen somewhat, and the scandal with Volkswagen played a significant role in this due to inaccurate information regarding emissions of harmful substances. However, they are still in demand and occupy 45% of the market. They are used where gasoline engines cannot provide the required power with acceptable fuel consumption, for example, on SUVs.

Advantages and disadvantages of diesel engines

The best diesel engines for passenger cars have significant advantages over their gasoline counterparts:

1. Efficiency - fuel consumption is much less. Savings can be as high as 40%, which makes maintaining a car more profitable even now, when the cost of diesel fuel is slightly higher than the cost of gasoline.
2. Durability - not so long ago, such motors had a small resource. Modern models can easily roll 500-600 thousand kilometers.
3. Simple construction. Unlike gasoline, there are no complex ignition systems and some other components that often cause problems.

Of course, there are also disadvantages:

1. Sensitivity to fuel quality. Even the best diesel engine is easily damaged by bad fuel - you have to change the nozzles.
2. Periodic maintenance is required, more often than for gasoline. Because of this, the content of such a car is somewhat increased.
3. The sound during operation is not as quiet and pleasant as that of gasoline. On the other hand, some like the growl of a powerful motor.
4. Warming up in winter takes longer.
5. Environmental friendliness is generally comparable, but recently the standards have become more stringent, and not all motor manufacturers can withstand them. Therefore, the number of diesel cars has decreased.

These shortcomings are quite relative and solvable - gasoline has its own unpleasant moments. Therefore, diesel engines continue to gain popularity around the world. Now many models have been released that are superior to their gasoline counterparts in many ways. Let's consider the best of them.

Top best diesel engines

The motors are all different and if you compare all their characteristics, it is unlikely that you will be able to identify the best contender. Some are better in some settings, while others are better in others. In addition, they have a different design and different volume. Therefore, we will choose the best representatives of diesel engines that have proven themselves from the best side.

Volkswagen 1.6 TDI

The TDI diesel developed by Volkswagen engineers remains out of competition. It is the most economical. With a volume of 1.6 liters, the designers managed to significantly reduce the appetite of the motor, while maintaining power, 90-120 hp. With. in various modifications.

The 1.6 TDI engine uses a common rail injection system, Bosch injectors and a variable geometry turbocharger. Thanks to the increased pressure in the fuel supply system, it was possible to achieve a fuel consumption of only 4.5 l / 100 km. And this is with a leisurely ride around the city. On the track, this engine shows a much better result - 3.5 l / 100 km according to the passport, but in reality it can come close to 3 liters.

Diesel 1.6 TDI was used in many cars of Volkswagen, Audi, Scoda brands. Its estimated resource is 350,000 kilometers.

BMW M57

This engine is included in the top 10 diesel engines as the most powerful. One of the modifications of this 6-cylinder engine developed a power of 380 hp. With. and a torque of 800 Nm. This, of course, will please lovers of powerful BMW models, but in ordinary production cars such an engine is not used - it is weaker there, by 150 horses. Even though most competitors don't. On Range Rover SUVs and on the BMW 330D, variants up to 286 hp were used. With.

This motor is created using proprietary modular technology. It serves for a very long time and up to 600 thousand kilometers, but its repair requires considerable investment. However, it is also one of the most reliable in the world in terms of service life; many old cars with this engine have been running on the roads for a couple of decades.

Hyundai/Kia D4FB (1.6 CRDi)

The Korean development is distinguished by its simple design, so it is an unpretentious and reliable engine, but demanding on fuel quality. However, it uses all modern technologies - the Bosh common rail fuel system, variable geometry turbocharging, the Swirl Control Valve swirl flap system? And much more.

This engine is ahead of most competitors in terms of reliability, while it has low fuel consumption and is easy to start in cold weather. Plus, it runs quieter than other diesel engines.

Fiat 2.0 JTD

Fiat diesel engines have earned worldwide recognition, and the JTD line, which appeared in the mid-90s of the last century, turned out to be so successful that it was used in many European cars, and then in some American ones. An Italian company producing mediocre cars has developed one of the best diesel engines in the world.

With regular maintenance, OEB series engines last a very long time without losing power. It is used in Alfa Romeo cars of various models, Suzuki SX4, Chevrolet Malibu, and many others.

Toyota 1ND TV

Toyota developed its diesel engine independently. The result is one of the best diesel engines for small cars. It has a capacity of 55 hp. With. for each liter of volume and easily passes 500 thousand kilometers. In dynamics, it behaves perfectly, and the environmental characteristics are very good even according to modern requirements, although it was developed back in 2002.

Based on this diesel, installed on the popular Honda Civic and Accord models, a newer 2.2 i-DTEC was developed, which turned out to be no less successful.

Volvo D5

This company did not have its own diesel engine for a long time and used the developments of other companies. In 2001, a motor of its own production was created. It turned out to be very successful and durable - it easily passes 700 thousand kilometers without loss of performance, of course, with proper care.

This motor was used for Volvo C80, Volvo B70 and some others.

conclusions

Recently, due to the tightening of environmental requirements, the share of diesel engines on the market has been decreasing. But the best models show excellent performance, and engineers continue to work on improving the design. And although gasoline engines are more common, there is still a need for diesel engines, especially where efficiency and power are required. This means that they will leave the stage completely for a very long time.