Home Grape Does the exam affect the school certificate? How the exam is assessed What does the test score in the exam mean

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Does the exam affect the school certificate? How the exam is assessed What does the test score in the exam mean

For an objective assessment of the level of work performed by each USE participant, in comparison with other exam participants, a special methodology for scaling the USE results is used.

It was developed by leading domestic experts in the field of pedagogical measurements on the basis of recognized international testological models.

What is the essence of the scaling procedure?

When conducting the exam, many graduates from different educational institutions participate in the exam. They have a different level of training and perform a variety of control and measuring materials (CMM). In this regard, the question arises how to objectively assess and, most importantly, compare the level of their preparedness, because all graduates have equal rights when passing final exams and when entering a university or college?

In the list of USE terms, there are the concepts of "primary score" and "test score".

Primary score- this is a preliminary USE score, which is obtained by directly summing up the number of correct answers, each of which has a certain coefficient. Each completed USE task is evaluated by a number of points from 1 to 6. The maximum number of primary scores for all KIM tasks in different subjects ranges from 37 to 80. Primary USE scores are converted into test scores using the scaling technique.

Test scores- final scores based on the results of the Unified State Examination, which are set on a hundred-point scale as a result of a scaling procedure that takes into account all statistical materials obtained as part of the Unified State Examination of a given year. Test scores are different from primary scores.

scaling- this is the procedure for converting primary scores into test scores, the process of forming the rules for calculating test scores based on the results of exams based on statistical data.

The methodology for scaling the results of the USE used in 2012 implements a step-by-step establishment of correspondence between test and primary scores for each general education subject in which the USE is conducted.

I stage

First, in the range of primary scores from zero to the maximum primary score PBmax for each general education subject of the USE, two values of primary scores are selected: PB1 and PB2, which separate groups of participants with different levels of training in this subject.

The value of PB2 is determined by the professional community as the lowest primary score, the receipt of which indicates a high level of preparation of the exam participant, namely, the presence of systemic knowledge, mastery of complex skills, the ability to perform creative tasks in the relevant general education subject.

If the specification of the examination option has not changed compared to the previous year, then PB1 and PB2 also remain unchanged. If the structure of the examination paper or the complexity of the tasks of control measuring materials have changed, then new values of PB1 and PB2 are set, taking into account the existing changes.

II stage

PB1 and PB2 primary scores are matched with TB1 and TB2 test scores for each general education subject.

For mathematics and the Russian language (mandatory subjects for passing the USE), the minimum test scores of the USE of 2012, established by the orders of Rosobrnadzor, are selected as TB1 values: mathematics - 24, Russian - 36. These values coincide with the minimum scores of the USE 2011 in mathematics and Russian, respectively.

TB2 test scores for the Russian language and mathematics, as well as TB1 and TB2 test scores for other general education subjects (optional subjects) are set equal to the same scores in 2011. Table 1 presents the values of BP1 and BP2, TB1 and TB2 for 2012.

It should be emphasized that the minimum test scores, indicating the mastery of the school course in elective subjects, are set by Rosobrnadzor after the main exam and the receipt of statistical data on the used USE variants in 2012 and in some subjects may not coincide with TB1.

Table 1. Values of boundary primary and test scores in 2012

Subject	PB1	TB1	PB2	TB2
Russian language	17	36	54	73
Maths	5	24	15	63
Social science	15	39	48	72
Story	13	32	46	72
Physics	12	39	33	62
Chemistry	14	36	58	80
Biology	17	36	60	79
Geography	14	37	44	69
Informatics	8	40	35	84
Foreign languages	16	20	65	82
Literature	8	32	36	73

Stage III

For each general education subject, the correspondence between the primary score and the test score is determined based on the following procedure. A primary score of 0 is assigned a test score of 0, and a maximum primary score of PBmax is assigned a test score of 100. All intermediate primary scores between 0, PB1, PB2 and PBmax are converted into test scores proportionally distributed between the corresponding values of the test scores: 0, TB1, TB2 and 100. Figure 1 shows the resulting dependence.

Rice. 1. Correspondence between test and primary scores

If intermediate primary scores correspond to fractional test scores, then the test score is rounded up to the nearest higher whole number.

This procedure makes it possible to harmonize the test scores of equally trained participants in 2011 and 2012. and ensures comparative comparability of exam results over the years.

Each graduate who wants to become a student of one of the universities of the Russian Federation in 2018 faces a difficult task - to successfully pass the exam, as well as to choose the right educational institution and faculty for submitting documents. The majority of 11th graders and their parents are faced with the final exam grading system for the first time and often find it difficult to find answers to the questions that arise. Therefore, we decided to shed light on important points.

In 2017-2018, the basic rules for passing the exam will not be significantly changed. This means that the 100-point system for grading final tests will still be relevant for graduates.

How is everything going?

In the course of checking the examination papers, for each correctly completed task, the graduate receives the so-called “primary points”, which, upon completion of the work check, are summed up and converted into a “test score”, which is indicated in the USE certificate.

Important! Since 2009, the scale for converting primary and test USE scores into traditional five-point grades for schools has not been officially used, because in 2017 and 2018 final exams are not included in the certificate.

Checking work is done in two ways:

automatically (with the help of special programs and technical means);
manually (the correctness of detailed answers is checked by two independent experts).

It is quite difficult to challenge the result of an automatic check. If the basic rules were not followed when filling out the answer table, the computer may not protect the result, and only the graduate himself, who did not follow a number of mandatory rules, will be to blame for this.

If controversial issues arise during the expert review, a third specialist is involved, whose opinion will be decisive.

When to expect results?

The following time limits apply by law:

data processing (for compulsory subjects) at the RCSC should not last longer than 6 calendar days;
for data processing (subjects of choice) RTsOI give 4 days;
verification at the Federal Testing Center should take no more than 5 working days;
approval of the results by the State Examination Commission - 1 more day;
up to 3 days to send the results to the USE participants.

In practice, from the moment of passing the exam to receiving the official result, it can take from 8 to 14 days.

Converting USE scores to grade

Despite the fact that officially in 2018 the scale for converting points in USE subjects into a five-point grade is not used, many still want to interpret their result in a more familiar "school" system. To do this, you can use special tables or online calculators.

Table for converting OGE test scores into grades



Russian language
Maths


Informatics
Social science
Foreign languages

Biology
Geography
Literature

The second method is a little easier and more convenient than searching for the desired values in the cells of a huge table. Simply select a subject (mathematics, Russian, chemistry, physics, history, English, social studies ... and other subjects), enter the data and get the desired result in a matter of seconds.

We suggest trying how simple and convenient it is to use in practice the online calculators of the USE score and its conversion to a 5-point grade.

Transfer of points from primary to test

Converting USE scores to grades

Internet systems for applicants

The academic year 2017-2018 is over, the exam has been passed, the results are known, and even the interactive scale for transferring primary scores showed that the USE result is in a fairly good range ... But, is this enough to enter the desired university?

Assess the real chances of entry, based on test scores and the minimum passing threshold set by the university.

Important! The minimum passing score is formed by the university itself. It will directly depend on the scores of applicants who apply in 2018. The more popular the specialty, the higher the passing score will be.

Often, at the TOP faculties, even 100-point results are not enough for admission to the budget. Only winners of the Olympiads, who give significant additional points, have a chance to see their last name in the lists of applicants for such areas.

In 2018, the most popular services for selecting a university and monitoring the entrance score threshold for various specialties will be:

Ucheba.ru
Apply online
HSE calculator
Postyplenie.ru
Typical entrant

Finding these services is very easy. It is enough to enter their name into any search engine.

The unified exam implements a nationwide competition of knowledge. The smartest get the maximum points and 100 points. To evaluate all other participants in the exam, theories are built, graphs and distributions are drawn. This is a very fruitful and interesting topic.

This section will highlight scaling, the theoretical basis for USE assessment. All information is presented in an accessible form, and tabular data is taken from official sites. We apologize in advance for the fact that the inserted pictures and materials sometimes contain errors of the original source, we will not correct them, respecting the copyright and other rights of the original sources.

We will pay the greatest attention to practical advice and recommendations. The exam can be passed a score higher than the "average student with this level of knowledge." "How to do it?", "Why will these techniques work?" - you will see it for yourself.

scaling

When conducting the exam, many graduates from different educational institutions participate in the exam. They have a completely different level of training: from the winners of the Olympiads to the "triples". In this regard, the question arises, how to objectively assess and, most importantly, compare the level of their preparedness, because all graduates have equal rights when passing final exams and when entering a university or secondary school?

Scaling is a procedure for converting primary scores into test scores.

It is necessary to understand the difference between the concepts of "primary score" and "test score".

The primary score is a preliminary USE score, which is obtained by directly summing up the number of correct answers, each of which has a certain coefficient. Primary score for different items, usually different. For example, in mathematics it is 30, and in Russian - 64

The test score is the final score that the USE participant receives based on the results of the exam. Maximum test score for all items - 100.

Each completed USE task is evaluated by a number of points from 1 to 6. The sum of these points is the primary score of the examination paper.

Here is a table in which you will see how many primary points and for which tasks it is set:

Next, a correspondence is established between the primary and test scores. The scale for converting primary scores into test scores is built using a special technique, taking into account the properties of control measuring materials in subjects.

Obviously, this scale preserves the orderliness of individual results, that is, a higher primary score will correspond to a larger test score, and equal test scores to equal primary scores.

A feature of the transfer scale is that the change in the test score when changing the primary depends on total scores. This change will be somewhat greater if the participant received either a low primary score, or, conversely, a fairly high one. Moreover, the boundaries of the intervals on which these differences appear are published in advance in the specified methodology. Within the intervals themselves, the change in the test score when the primary one changes will be almost constant (fluctuations of 1 point can only occur due to the fact that the number of test scores in the interval is not a multiple of the number of primary ones).

It must be remembered that the test score is NOT the percentage of correctly completed tasks.

Here is a table of correspondence between the primary and test scores for the USE in mathematics 2011:

Primary score	Test score, 2011	Number of students
		Number of students
		people	%	accumulated %
0	0	2 894	0.4	0.4
1	6	7 787	1.1	1.4
2	12	14 052	1.9	3.3
3	18	20 916	2.8	6.2
4	24	29 328	4.0	10.1
5	30	39 723	5.4	15.5
6	34	49 641	6.7	22.2
7	38	56 714	7.7	29.9
8	41	62 099	8.4	38.3
9	45	65 158	8.8	47.1
10	49	66 817	9.0	56.2
11	52	66 308	9.0	65.2
12	56	61 565	8.3	73.5
13	60	50 316	6.8	80.3
14	63	40 441	5.5	85.8
15	66	28 186	3.8	89.6
16	68	20 654	2.8	92.4
17	70	15 812	2.1	94.5
18	73	10 400	1.4	95.9
19	75	8 340	1.1	97.1
20	77	5 638	0.8	97.8
21	80	4 397	0.6	98.4
22	82	3 247	0.4	98.9
23	84	2 462	0.3	99.2
24	87	1 861	0.3	99.5
25	89	1 399	0.2	99.6
26	91	977	0.1	99.8
27	94	737	0.1	99.9
28	96	401	0.1	99.9
29	98	271	0.0	100.0
30	100	205	0.0	100.0
		738 746

This table also shows the number and percentage of students who scored a certain test score.

CONVERSION OF PRIMARY SCORE INTO TEST (SCALING)

Primary scores - these are points before transferring to a 100-point scale (for example, one completed task of Part A is estimated at 1 primary point).
Test scores- this is final points after transfer to a 100-point scale, which will be indicated in your USE certificate. It is impossible to recognize them without a table.
Table zones with scores below the minimum are highlighted.

This scale is relevant for 2012-2013. The only exceptions for 2013 are history and geography, due to the fact that the maximum primary score was reduced by one (but the change is small, so the scale will not change significantly).

Analyzing the above scale, one can trace some trends, which will also help in choosing subjects for passing the exam:
● hardest to score 90-100 points in Russian and literature, each point is very valuable;

● on delivery foreign languages and informatics you can score a fairly large number of points, while making a moderate number of errors;
● minimum scores are easiest to get also by foreign languages and informatics, as well as by literature.

Transfer of the primary score to the test one (scaling)

For an objective assessment of the level of work performed by each USE participant, in comparison with other exam participants, a special methodology for scaling the USE results is used. It was developed by leading domestic experts in the field of pedagogical measurements on the basis of recognized international testological models.

What is the essence of the scaling procedure?

When conducting the exam, many graduates from different educational institutions participate in the exam. They have a different level of training and perform a variety of CIM options. In this regard, the question arises how to objectively assess and, most importantly, compare the level of their preparedness, because all graduates have equal rights when passing final exams and when entering a university or college?

In the list of terms of the exam there are concepts "primary score" and "test score" .

Scaling is a translation procedure primary points in test, the process of forming the rules for calculating test scores based on the results of exams based on statistical data.

I stage

The value of PB1 is selected as the lowest primary score, the receipt of which indicates that the participant in the exam has mastered the basic concepts and methods in the relevant general education subject. It is determined on the basis of an examination of a demonstration version in a given general education subject by specialists in general education, colleges and universities of various profiles from different subjects of the Russian Federation. The examination is carried out taking into account the level of complexity of each task and the significance of the content, ability, skill, method of activity checked by it in the context of a general educational subject. At the same time, the requirements for the value of BI1 correspond to the requirements that were used in determining the BI1 of the previous year (to ensure the equivalence of the two-year scales). The value of PB2 is determined by the professional community as the lowest primary score, the receipt of which indicates a high level of preparation of the exam participant, namely, the presence of systemic knowledge, mastery of complex skills, the ability to perform creative tasks in the relevant general education subject. If the specification of the examination option has not changed compared to the previous year, then PB1 and PB2 also remain unchanged. If the structure of the examination paper or the complexity of the tasks of control measuring materials have changed, then new values of PB1 and PB2 are set, taking into account the existing changes.

II stage

PB1 and PB2 primary scores are matched with TB1 and TB2 test scores for each general education subject.

Table 2 Values of boundary primary and test scores in 2012

Stage III

For each general education subject, the correspondence between the primary score and the test score is determined based on the following procedure. Primary

A test score of 0 is assigned to a score of 0, and a test score of 100 is assigned to the maximum primary score of PBmax. and 100. Figure 1 shows the resulting dependence.

Rice. 1. Correspondence between test and primary scores

If intermediate primary scores correspond to fractional test scores, then the test score is rounded up to the nearest higher whole number.

This procedure makes it possible to harmonize the test scores of equally trained participants in 2011 and 2012. and ensures comparative comparability of exam results over the years.

USE score conversion formula

The scale for converting primary USE scores into test scores, shown in the table, was obtained on the basis of calculations using the following formula. If desired, you can calculate yourself.

where t is the USE test score (according to the 100-point system, which goes to the USE certificate), θ is the primary score of the person who passed the USE, θ min is the score corresponding to one primary score θ m ax, – score corresponding to the primary score, one less than the maximum possible. Rounding is carried out to an integer according to the rules of mathematics. Zero primary score corresponds to 0 for the Unified State Examination, and the maximum possible primary score corresponds to 100 points for the Unified State Examination.

Table for converting USE scores into grades

Since 2009 USE test scores are not translated into standard school grades on a five-point system. This is done because the USE scores no longer affect the grade that is given in certificate, and there is no need to count them. But it is still very hard to give up the five-point equivalent of USE marks. Therefore, we present tables below, according to which it is possible to approximate the correspondence of the USE scores to the standard school mark.

Does the exam affect the school certificate?

The results of the Unified State Examination have not had an impact on the grades in the school certificate for a long time. Points scored on the exam, are displayed separately in the certificate of passing the exam, if the score is more than minimum. If the USE score is less than the minimum in compulsory subjects - Russian and mathematics, then neither the USE certificate nor the certificate will be issued. If the mark in an optional subject on the exam below the minimum score, then nowhere will it be noted, as if you did not pass this exam.

SUMMARY Primary score - this is a preliminary score USE. The primary score is obtained by direct summation of grades for correctly completed tasks. Each correct answer has a certain coefficient. For example, a correctly completed scaling task from the original score.

Modern exams are evaluated not on a five-point system, but on a hundred-point system. This means that you don't have to talk about the usual grades: twos, threes, fours, fives. An exam is considered failed if the threshold set for that exam is not passed. And for each subject this border is different. You can get an acceptable final score for yourself, but "fill up" the exam, losing the opportunity to enter a higher educational institution.

What are primary USE scores?

Each exam has its own structure. The USE in different subjects differs in the total number of tasks, the format of the test part, the complexity of tasks with a detailed answer. Assignments can be assessed by different numbers of points. This also applies to test tasks of various types: for the simplest of them you can get one point, for the most difficult - up to four or five points. These are primary scores.

Primary scores are the scores by which the student's responses are evaluated. If you can get up to two points for the correct performance of a task, these are not the two points that, together with others, add up to one hundred points. The number of primary points is different everywhere and depends only on the structure of the exam, but this figure is always less than one hundred. By the way, the Unified State Examination in foreign languages is an exception - there is no scale for transferring points and other subtleties, which means that the primary score can be considered final.

How many primary scores in the Unified State Examination in the Russian language?

The test part of the Russian language exam - 33 primary points.

The written part of the Russian language exam - 24 primary points.

In the Unified State Examination in the Russian language 57 primary points. Moreover, each score (as in any other exam in the USE format) has an equal "value". It doesn't matter in which part you earned points: when transferring to a hundred-point system, this is not taken into account.

What are secondary (test) USE scores?

It is no coincidence that the site has a scale for translating scores in Russian. With its help, primary scores become secondary. And this happens very simply: with the help of a special table, the primary scores are converted into test scores - a hundred-point system. - document, the requirements of which must be fulfilled. Not people are engaged in the transfer of points: the required value is calculated by a computer.

Secondary (test) scores are scores in a hundred-point grading system. It is by them that the fact of passing the exam (passing the threshold) is determined. On test scores, applicants enter universities. Secondary points are in direct proportion to the primary ones - the more primary points scored, the higher the final result.

How to convert primary points to secondary?

As mentioned above, for this you need to use . You can’t do without it: a difference of one primary score can raise or lower the final score by one or more points. It all depends on the number of primary points scored: in different parts of the table, the "price" of the primary point varies.

To get the maximum score - 100 points - for the Russian language exam, you must complete all tasks without errors. This is the scale of translation. But in the math exam, you can not do all the tasks correctly, but get the highest mark.