Ahmad in the collection “al-Musnad”, al-Hakim in the collection “al-Mustadrak”, Abu Dawud in the chapter on interrogation and punishment in the grave, an-Nasai in the chapter on punishment in the grave of the section “Kitab al-Janaiz” reported a hadith, which reports that al-Bara ibn 'Azib, may Allah be pleased with him, said that one day they went to the Baqi cemetery to bury one of the Muslims.
At this time, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, approached them. He sat down, and his companions sat down next to him, afraid to even move.
Allah Almighty said: “Whoever is hostile to My friend, I will be hostile to him. My servant cannot approach Me with anything dearer to Me than religious injunctions, and My servant will approach Me through deeds, going beyond what is prescribed until I love him. When I love him, I will be his hearing with which he hears, his sight with which he sees, his hand with which he strikes, and his foot with which he walks, if he asks Me. [about something] I will certainly give it to him; if he asks Me for refuge, I will certainly give it to him.
Quoted from al-Bukhari.
According to the testimony of Anas (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: I was leaking, as the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and send him peace) said:
Allah Almighty said: “O son of Adam, as long as you call on Me and make requests to Me, I will forgive you for what you have done and will not worry. O son of Adam, even if your sins reach clouds in the sky and you ask Me for forgiveness, I will forgive you, O son of Adam, if you come to Me with sins the size of which is equal to the size of the earth, and you appear before Me without giving Me anyone as an associate, I will grant you forgiveness of equal size. .
Quoted from at-Tirmidhi, who says that this is a good and reliable hadith.
According to the testimony of the son of Abbas (may Allah be merciful to both of them), coming from the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him peace), among the retold sayings of his Lord (may His name be glorified) was the following:
Allah has recorded all good and bad deeds. He then explained that if someone intended to do a good deed but did not do it, Allah records it with Himself as a good deed; if someone intended to do a good deed and did it, Allah records it with Himself as ten good deeds, up to seven hundred or even more. If someone intended to commit a bad deed, but did not commit it, Allah records it with Himself as a good deed; if someone intended to commit a bad deed and committed it, Allah records it with Himself as one bad deed.
Quoted by al-Bukhari and Muslim in their two Sahihas with the same words.
According to the testimony of Abu Muhammad Abdullah, son of Amr ibn al-As (may Allah have mercy on them both), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) said:
None of you [truly] believed until his inclinations corresponded to what I brought.
A good and reliable hadith given in Kitab al-Hujja 1 (1 Title of the book of Abu l-Kazim Ismail ibn Muhammad al-Asfahani (d. 535 AH).) with a reliable chain of evidence 2. (2 The compiler of the collection of hadiths took the liberty of adding two hadiths to the usual forty, although the title of the book reads “The Forty [hadiths] of An-Nawawi.”)
According to the testimony of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and send him peace) said:
Whoever delivers a believer from misfortune on earth, Allah will deliver him from one of the misfortunes on the Day of Judgment. Whoever eases the [fate] of the sufferer, Allah will make [the fate] easier for him in this and the next life. Whoever protects a Muslim, Allah will protect him in this life and the next. Allah will help [His] servant as long as the servant helps his brother. Whoever follows the path of seeking knowledge, Allah will make the road to Paradise easier for him. People cannot gather in one of the houses of Allah, reading the book of Allah and studying it, without tranquility descending on them, mercy enveloping them, angels surrounding them, and Allah not marking them among those with Him. The one who was delayed 1 (1 On his way to Paradise.) because of his actions will not be urged on by his family.
Quoted by Muslim in the same words.
The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and grant him peace) touched me on the shoulder and said: “Live in this world as if you were a stranger or a traveler.”
The son of Umar (may Allah have mercy on them both) often said:
In the evening, do not expect to [see] the morning, and in the morning, do not expect to [see] the evening. Take from your health to your illness, and from your life to your death 2. (2 i.e., as long as you are in good health, you can perform religious injunctions and thus benefit from it. The same applies to life.)
Quoted from al-Bukhari.
According to the testimony of Abu Hurayrah (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: The Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and send him peace) said:
Don't envy each other; do not inflate prices for each other; don't hate each other; do not turn away from each other; do not reduce each other's prices, but be, O servants of Allah, brothers. A Muslim is a brother to a Muslim: he does not oppress him and does not abandon him, he does not deceive him and does not despise him. Piety must be here - and he pointed to his chest three times. It is a great evil for a person to despise his Muslim brother. Everything about a Muslim is inviolable for another Muslim: his blood, his property, and his honor. Quoted from Muslim.
According to the testimony of the son of Abbas (may Allah have mercy on them both), the Messenger of Allah (may Allah bless him and send him peace) said:
For my sake, Allah forgave my people for their mistakes, forgetfulness and what they did under duress.
A good hadith reported by Ibn Majah, al-Baihaqi and others.
According to the testimony of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri (may Allah have mercy on him), who said: I heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) say:
Whoever of you sees an atrocity, let him stop it with his own hand; if he is unable to do this, then with his tongue; if he is unable to do this, then with his heart - this is the weakest degree of faith.
Quoted from Muslim.
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “ Whoever preserves forty hadiths for my ummah will be told on the Day of Judgment: “Enter paradise from whichever gate you wish.”" May Allah Almighty grant us paradise and the intercession of His Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him)! Amine.
Therefore, we have collected these hadiths with the permission of Allah and with His help.
We hope you will learn them.
We also hope for your prayers for us, for our teachers, for the sheikhs, for our fathers and mothers. Your prayers for us are actually received for you, because the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When a Muslim prays for his brother, the angels say to him in response: “And for you the same as you ask for him.” " May Allah Almighty grant us His pleasure in both worlds! Amine.
1. Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Fear Allah, pray five times a day, fast in the month of Ramadan, pay zakat on property and obey the rulers; you will enter heaven." The hadith was narrated by Imam at-Tirmidhi and said that the hadith is authentic.
2. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Every good deed is charity.” The hadith was reported by Imam Bukhari.
3. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever of you sees an atrocity, let him stop it with his hand; if you are not able to do this, then with your tongue; and if he is not capable of this, even if he does not agree with his heart, this is the weakest degree of faith.” Narrated by Imam Muslim.
4. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A hypocrite has three signs: when he speaks, he lies; when he promises, he does not fulfill; when they trust him, he does not justify the trust.” The Hadith was reported by Imams Bukhari and Muslim.
5. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The faith of one of you will not be perfect until he wishes for his brother the same as for himself.” The Hadith was reported by Imams Bukhari and Muslim.
6. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “He is not a liar who reconciles people by wishing good or saying good.” The Hadith was reported by Imams Bukhari and Muslim.
7. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The most complete faith is the one of you whose character is the best, and the best of you is the one who treats his wife well.” The hadith was narrated by Imam at-Tirmidhi and said that it is authentic.
9. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Every day two angels descend, and one of them says: “O Allah, enrich those who give alms.” And another says: “O Allah, destroy the property of those who abstain from charity.”
10. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever believes in Allah and the Day of Judgment should not harm his neighbor; whoever believes in Allah and the Day of Judgment, let him honor the guest; whoever believes in Allah and the Day of Judgment, let him speak good or remain silent.”
11. Abdullah ibn Masud said: “I once asked the Messenger of Allah: “What is the best deed?” He replied: “Performed prayer on time.” I asked: “And then what?” He replied: " Good attitude to parents". I asked the question again: “And then?” He replied: “Jihad in the path of Allah.”
12. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The major sins include associating a partner with Allah Almighty, disobeying parents, killing a person and taking a false oath.” Narrated by Imam Bukhari.
13. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The best of good deeds“to have contact with my father’s friends.”
14. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A man is in the religion of his friend; let each of you look at who he is friends with.” The Hadith was narrated by Imam Abu Dawud.
15. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “A person will be with the one he loves.” The hadith is authentic.
16. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Seven will be in the shadow of Arsh on the Day when there will be no other shadow: 1) a just ruler; 2) a young man who grew up in the worship of Allah Almighty; 3) a person whose heart is connected to the mosque; 4) two people who love each other for the sake of Allah meet for his sake and separate for his sake; 5) a man who was called to her by a rich and beautiful woman, and he replied that he fears Allah; 6) a person who gives alms so that he left hand doesn't know what he's giving right hand; 7) a person who mentioned Allah in solitude and shed tears.” The hadith is authentic.
17. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) says that once the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), while making a khutbah, said: “If you knew what I know, you would laugh less and cry more.” And the companions, covering their faces, began to sob.
18. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The example of praying five times a day is like the example of a river of water that flows near your house, and you bathe there five times every day.”
19. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Allah is pleased with a slave when he praises Him after eating and drinking.” Narrated by Imam Muslim.
20. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “If those who believed knew the punishment of Allah, no one would strive for paradise; and if the infidels knew the mercy of Allah, not one of them would lose hope of paradise.” Narrated by Imam Muslim.
21. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The poor will enter heaven five hundred years earlier than the rich.” The hadith was reported by Imam at-Tirmidhi.
22. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Wealth does not mean having a lot of property, wealth is having a rich heart.” The hadith is authentic.
23. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Repeat often what spoils pleasure.” That is, death. The hadith was reported by Imam at-Tirmidhi.
24. From Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) it is narrated: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was the best of people in character.” The hadith is authentic.
25. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Truly Allah is the Most Merciful and loves mercy in all matters.” The hadith is authentic.
26. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever obeys me, obeys Allah, whoever disobeys me, disobeys Allah, whoever obeys the ruler, obeys me, and whoever disobeys the ruler, disobeys me.” The hadith is authentic.
27. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “... kind word, alms." The hadith is authentic.
28. It is narrated from Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her): “The speech of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) was legible, he was understood by everyone who listened to him.”
29. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When you dress and wash, start from the right.” The hadith is reliable, reported by Imam Abu Dawud.
30. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) reports that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When one of you begins to eat, let him mention Allah, and if he forgets to mention it at the beginning, let him say: in the name of Allah at the beginning and at the end."
31. From Abu Hurayrah (may Allah be pleased with him) it is narrated: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) never blamed food - if he liked it, he ate it, and if he didn’t, he didn’t eat it.”
32. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Grace is sent down to the middle of food, so you eat starting from the edge.” They do this so that there is more grace.
33. Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: "I saw the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) eating with three fingers, and when he finished, he licked them."
34. Anas (may Allah be pleased with him) reported: “The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) drank water in three sips.”
35. Ibn Abbas (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “I gave the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) Zamzam water to drink, and he drank while standing.”
36. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “The most truthful of you in sleep is the one who is truthful in speech.”
37. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “Whoever rides greets a person on foot, a person on foot greets someone sitting, a small group of people greets a large group, and a younger person greets an elder.”
38. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “When a person dies, his deeds cease except three: endless charity (for example, if you build a road, a bridge, draw water), knowledge from which people benefit, and righteous children, who pray for their parents.”
39. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “You set off at night, truly night shortens the path.”
40. Ka'b (may Allah be pleased with him) narrated: “ The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him), when returning from the journey, first of all went to the mosque and performed two rak'ahs ».
41. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: “By Allah, he will not believe, by Allah, he will not believe, by Allah, he will not believe!” He was asked: “Who, O Messenger of Allah?” He said: “He whose neighbor is not saved from his evil.” The Hadith was reported by Imams Bukhari and Muslim.
Muslim reported this hadith in the following words: “...he will not enter heaven whose neighbor is not saved from his evil.”
Saipula Mukhamadov
Islam is one of the most mysterious religions on our planet. It consists of a whole series of written and unwritten laws, which every Muslim adheres to with enviable accuracy and fidelity. Among them are the well-known hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad - short stories about his life path. They may be embellished, modified in some places, but they are very reliable. Read below about what is so interesting about them and how they influence the lives of Muslims.
Definition of the term
So, the hadiths of the prophet Muhammad are those written down on paper important events from the life of this religious figure, the founder of Islam. Every Muslim is obliged to know them, honor them and take them as a basis for the formation of his worldview and the worldview of his descendants. It is believed that Muhammad compiled these records specifically so that in the future his people could build on what he had acquired. life experience. Today, in terms of importance, these historical reports are in second place after the Koran - a book that is considered the most sacred in the religion of Islam. The Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad is also considered an autobiography. Special attention they were paid attention to at the dawn of Islam itself, and now they are often retold in families and mosques as legends. It is also believed that by studying these texts, one can comprehend all the mysteries of this eastern religion.
The nature of the origin of the word
Considering the issue from the point of view of etymology, it becomes immediately clear that the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad are literally stories about what happened. People who know Arabic, they can easily draw an analogy between “hadith” and “hadsa”, which sounds in Russian as “to tell something”, “to know”, “to convey”. Thus, it turns out that each of the stories that belongs to this category is not the basic law of religion, but a tradition. Previously, this tradition was passed down orally, but later began to be written down on paper. Let us note that all these customs of the Islamic people, which were formed in this way, did not acquire their perfect appearance immediately. For three centuries after the death of the Great Prophet, there was a lot of discussion in Eastern society on this subject, and all the records were formed as if in leaps and bounds.
Geography of tradition
The religious fate of all those peoples who are now Muslim was determined long before the official birth of the religion inherent in them today. Middle East, some states Central Asia and from time immemorial were considered one whole cultural region, where identical gods were revered, almost identical cults were erected and similar traditions were established. In 632 AD. (date of death of Muhammad) religion only acquired official status and written confirmation. Also in the seventh century, the influence of the Koran, which the prophet personally received from Allah, began to spread throughout all the above-mentioned regions. Following Holy book First, in oral and then in written form, the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad reach the people, which become a reinforcement of customs and faith. It is worth noting here that everyone separate people interpreted these lines in his own way. Also, for different powers, not the same hadiths from all existing ones are of greater or lesser value.
Classification
Researchers, comparing generally accepted historical reports and these written documents, were able to divide the latter into three main categories. Thus we have authentic hadiths Prophet Muhammad, good and weak. These statuses have great importance, if they are used in jurisdiction, history or other teachings. If mentioning a hadith is required to conduct a moral conversation or to establish a certain moral value in society, then such scrupulousness becomes unnecessary.
About married life
Today we are all accustomed to the fact that in the Muslim world the attitude towards female extremely humiliating. In fact, the philosophy of the East is much more subtle than it might seem to us, European people. A striking example This is evidenced by the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad about women, which he compiled during his life. Here are some of them: “When you eat a meal yourself, share the meal with your wife, when you buy clothes and other things for yourself, do the same for her! Don’t hit her in the face, don’t curse at her, and when you quarrel, don’t leave her alone with you”; “When a husband’s wife is righteous, she can be compared to the golden crown that adorns the king’s head, sparkles and shines for hundreds of meters. If the wife of a righteous husband is characterized by sinfulness, she is comparable only to the heavy burden that hangs behind the back of an old man.” These words give us the opportunity to understand that Muslims’ attitude towards wives is fundamentally different, but this does not mean that it is worse.
About the main parent
Like many other nations, despite their patriarchal social structure, Islamists hold mothers in high esteem. This is confirmed by the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad about women who became or are preparing to become mothers. Lines such as “All women who bear a child, give birth to it and treat all children, their own and others, with favor, will definitely go to Paradise” or “If you are looking for Paradise for yourself, look for it under your mother’s feet” are the basis of the entire philosophy of Islam . Their parents are treated with honor throughout their lives. The traditions compiled by Muhammad state that mothers must be constantly cared for, respected and never forgotten.
Perpetual motion machine of faith
One of the foundations of Islam is the fivefold prayer, which every Muslim strictly adheres to. It manifests itself in the form of a prayer, which must be repeated on each of the five days in order to merge with the Almighty and achieve a state of spiritual happiness. This sacred philosophy, of course, is reflected in the traditions eastern peoples. During the 7th century, the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad about prayer were compiled, and today they teach us to honor Allah and sacrifice to him our most precious treasure - time and mind. This is what the Almighty promises to those who are faithful to him: “Everyone who performs ablutions thoroughly, after which he goes to read obligatory prayer and performs it according to the imam, receives forgiveness of one of his sins.”
Life instructions
The hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad about life are considered of particular value in the Muslim world. We will not retell their texts, as this may take an incalculable amount of time. In general, we can say that these legends and stories conceal maximum amount those dogmas on which Islam itself was based. They teach justice, righteousness, wisdom. Many of them are accurate descriptions of certain situations that occurred in the life of the prophet. It is generally accepted that, based on his life experiences, every Muslim should apply analogies to his life, acting identically to the universal mentor. The most important thing in every text is that a person must love and honor Allah. And if Muslims on Earth are faithful to his laws, then after death they will go to heaven.
About the afterlife
Similar to all previous ones in Islam are the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad on death. Reading and studying them, it is impossible not to notice some similarities with our Orthodoxy, but the difference between them is also great. Firstly, it is worth saying that the hadiths preach to value and honor Allah because He grants eternal and beautiful life after death. The stories claim that man’s earthly path is only a temporary refuge, therefore clinging to various benefits material world it makes no sense. Also like Orthodoxy, in Islam there is only one God - Allah, and only he can be worshiped by a Muslim. Characteristic feature hadiths that tell us about death and its coming is also the continuity of the story. Dogmas that are brought to the fore are against the backdrop of events that again tell about certain events life path Prophet Muhammad.
Conclusion
The Islamic world, unlike our usual Orthodox or Catholic world, is characterized by much stricter rules for observing not only official laws, but also traditions and religious teachings. An integral part here are the hadiths, which teach every person who has become a Muslim to adhere to their faith conscientiously and in accordance with all dogmas. These historical texts fully reveal to us the essence of Islam, make it possible to understand how this religion was born, how people within its framework perceive it, and how an outsider should relate to all these rules.
1. ا القوت
The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “On the Day of Judgment there will be no one, rich or poor, who would not wish to have only the bare necessities from the world around him.”
(“Bihar”, vol. 67, p. 243).
2.
مثل المؤمن كمثل خامة الزرع، تكفئها الرياح كذا وكذا، وكذلك المؤمن تكفئه الأوجاع
والأمراض، ومثل المنافق كمثل
الأرزبة المستقيمة التي لا يصيبها شيء حتى يأتيه الموت فيقصفه قصفا
The Messenger of Allah (SAW) said: “The example of a believer is like the example of fresh grass: just as it becomes a victim of the winds, so the believer is struck by illness and sorrow. The example of a hypocrite is like the example of a dry tree: nothing harms him until death befalls him, and what will happen to him happens.”
(“Kafi”, volume 2, p. 257).
إن رجلا من أهل الكوفة كتب إلى الحسين بن علي علي هالسلام : يا سيدي، أخبرني بخير الدنيا والآخرة. فكتب
علي هالسلام : ِب س ِ م الّل ه ال ر حم ِ ن ال ر حي ِ م أما بعد، فإن من طلب رضى الّل ه بسخط الناس كفاه الّل ه أمور الناس، ومن طلب رضي
/ الناس بسخط الّل ه وكله الّل ه إلى الناس. والسلام
A man from the people of Kufa wrote a letter to Imam Hussein (A), where he asked: “Tell me what is the good of the near and future world?” And he wrote to him in response: “In the name of Allah, the Gracious, the Merciful! He who seeks the pleasure of Allah, even at the cost of the anger of people, Allah will subordinate the affairs of people to him. The one who seeks the pleasure of people at the cost of Allah’s wrath, Allah will entrust it to the people.”
(“Bihar”, vol. 75, p. 126).
إن ملكين هبطا من السماء فالتقيا في الهواء، فقال أحدهما لصاحبه: في ما هبطت؟ قال: بعثني الّل ه عز وجل إلى بحر
إيل، أحشر سمكة إلى جبار من الجبابرة اشتهى عليه سمكة في ذلك البحر، فأمرني أن أحشر إلى الصياد سمك البحر، حتى
يأخذها له، ليبلغ الّل ه عز وجل غاية مناه في كفره. ففي ما بعثت أنت؟ قال: بعثني الّل ه عز وجل في أعجب من الذي بعثك فيه،
بعثني إلى عبده المؤمن الصائم القائم، المعروف دعاؤه وصوته في السماء لأكفئ قدره التي طبخها لإفطاره، ليبلغ الّل ه في المؤمن
الغاية في اختبار إيمانه
From Imam Baqir (A): “Two angels descended from heaven and met. One of them asked the other: “Why are you going down?” He said: “Allah ordered me to go to the sea of Il and there let the fisherman catch the fish of this sea, for one of the tyrants wanted fish from there and ordered to catch it for him - so that Allah would thereby bring his kufr to the limit. Why were you sent?” The second angel said: “Allah has sent me to do something even more amazing. Allah sent me to His believing servant, who fasts and prays, and his voice is known in heaven, so that I would knock over the plate of food that he had prepared for himself for iftar (breaking the fast), so that Allah would bring his test of faith to the limit. "".
(“Bihar”, vol. 64, p. 229).
العبد بين ثلاثة: بلاء وقضاء ونعمة. فعليه في البلاء من الّل ه الصبر فريضة، وعليه في القضاء من الّل ه التسليم فريضة
وعليه في النعمة من الّل ه عز وجل الشكر فريضة
Imam Baqir (A) said: “A believer is between three things: grief, injunction and good. And in sorrow Allah commanded him patience, in the face of a prescription He commanded him humility, and in good He commanded him gratitude.”
(“Hisal”, volume 1, p. 43).
الجنة محفوفة بالمكاره والصبر، فمن صبر على المكاره في الدنيا دخل الجنة. وجهنم محفوفة باللذات والشهوات، فمن
أعطى نفسه لذا وشهواا دخل النار.
Imam Bakir (A) said: “Paradise is wrapped in suffering and patience, and the one who endured suffering in the near world will enter Paradise. Hell is wrapped in pleasures and passions, and the one who encouraged his soul ( nafs) in her pleasures and passions, will enter the Fire.”
(“Kafi”, volume 2, p. 89).
يقول الّل ه عز وجل: يا دنيا تمرري على عبدي المؤمن بأنواع البلاء، وضيقي عليه في المعيشة، ولا تحلولي فيركن إليك
From Imam Baqir (A) from the Messenger of Allah (DBAR) that Allah said: “O near world! Give My servant all kinds of misfortunes, and limit his food, and do not give him a way out, so that he does not have any hopes for you!
(“Bihar”, vol. 69, p. 52).
إن الّل ه ليعطي الدنيا من يحب ويبغض، ولا يعطي الآخرة إلا من يحب، وإن المؤمن ليسأل ربه موضع سوط في الدنيا
فلا يعطيه، ويسأله الآخرة فيعطيه ما شاء ويعطي الكافر في الدنيا قبل أن يسأله ما شاء، ويسأله موضع سوط في الآخرة فلا
يعطيه شيئا
Imam Baqir (A) said: “Verily, Allah has given peace to those whom He loves and to those whom He hates; He gave the future world only to those whom He loves. If a believer asks Allah for the size of the tip of a whip in the near world, He will not give it to him. But if he asks Him for whatever he wants in the next world, He will give it to him. And Allah will grant to the unbeliever ( kafir) in the near world whatever he wants before he asks for it, but if he asks Him for the size of the tip of a whip in the next world, He will not give him anything.”
(“Bihar”, vol. 69, p. 52).
إن العبد الموءمن ليكرم على الّل ه عز وجل حتى لو سأله الجنة وما فيها أعطاها إياه ولم ينقص ذلك من ملكه شيء،
ولو سأله موضع قدمه من الدنيا حرمه. وإن العبد الكافر ليهون على الّل ه عز وجل لو سأله الدنيا وما فيها أعطاها إياه ولم
.(ينقص ذلك من ملكه شيء، ولو سأله موضع قدمه من الجنة حرمه
Imam Bakir (A) said: “Truly, a believing slave is valuable to Allah, He is great and holy, so if he asks Him for Paradise with everything that is in it, Allah will give it to him, and will not lose at all what he has.” He owns it. But if he asks Him for the place on which he places his foot in the near world, Allah will forbid him from doing so. The unfaithful slave is despised by Allah, so if he asks Him for everything that is in the near world, Allah will give it to him, and will not lose at all what He owns. However, if he asks Him for a place on which to place his foot in the future world, Allah will forbid him from doing so.”
(“Al-mumin”, p. 21).
من أعظم الناس قدرا؟ قال: من لا يبالي في يد من كانت الدنيا.
Imam Baqir (A) was asked: “Who is the most valuable of people?” He said: “He who does not know in whose hands the world around him is now.”
(“Bihar”, vol. 75, p. 189).
من كثر اشتباكه بالدنيا كان أشد لحسرته عند فراقها.
Imam Bakir (A) says: “For the one who is most immersed in this world, parting with it will be the most difficult.”
(“Kafi”, volume 2, p. 320).
إن عظيم البلاء يكافأ به عظيم الجزاء، فإذا أحب الّل ه عبدا ابتلاه الّل ه بعظيم البلاء فمن رضي فله عند الّل ه الرضا، ومن
سخط البلاء فله عند الّل ه السخط
Imam Sadiq (A) said: “The greater the hardship and trial, the greater the reward. If Allah loves a slave, He will test him with great hardship. Whoever is pleased with it, Allah has pleasure for him. And whoever becomes angry because of her, for him is the wrath of Allah.”
(“Kafi”, volume 2, p. 253).
إنما المؤمن بمترلة كفة الميزان، كلما زيد في إيمانه زيد في بلائه.
Imam Sadiq (A) said: “Truly, a believer is like a scale: the more his faith increases, the more his burdens and trials increase.”
(“Kafi”, volume 2, p. 254).
هبط إلي جبرئيل في أحسن صورة فقال: يا محمد، الحق يقرئك السلام ويقول لك: إني أوحيت إلى الدنيا أن تمرري
وتك دري وتضيقي وتش ددي على أوليائي حتى يحبوا لقائي، وتي سري وتسهلي وتطيبي لأعدائي حتى يبغضوا لقائي، فإني
جعلت الدنيا سجنا لأوليائي وجنة لأعدائي
Religions of the world
From the compiler
At the beginning of the 7th century, he lived in Mecca humble person named Muhammad ibn Abdullah, who belonged to the pagan Quraish tribe. He had a difficult childhood: the boy never saw his father, who died at the age of twenty-five shortly before the birth of his son, and he was not even six years old when his mother died. His grandfather, Abd al-Muttalib, became the teacher of little Muhammad, but two years later both he and the child died in the family of his paternal uncle, Abu Talib.
From an early age, Muhammad was accustomed to work and tended sheep that belonged to the inhabitants of Mecca. Growing up, he began to help his uncle in trading matters, but he was little attracted to worldly vanity. When he was twenty-five years old, he married a worthy woman named Khadija, and she became faithful to him and loving wife. Khadija was a rich widow, and many wooed her, but she married Muhammad out of her own preference.
The older Muhammad became, the more often he thought about life. He developed a penchant for solitude, and whenever he had the opportunity, he loved to climb Mount Hira, in the vicinity of Mecca, and spend time in the cave he found there, reflecting on himself and on the world. As a rule, he remained in the cave for several days, but sometimes he had to tear himself away from his thoughts to go down for food and drink, after which he would retire for several more days and nights in his favorite place.
Due to his long loneliness and constant thoughts, he was often visited by visions, to which he had already become accustomed, but one day it seemed to him that there was someone else in the cave besides him. Muhammad ibn Abdullah was not a timid man, but this time he was trembled when the mysterious and invisible stranger said:
Seized by a strange trembling, Muhammad ibn Abdullah prostrated himself on the floor of the cave. The vision disappeared, but he did not dare to move for a long time, and then, continuing to tremble, as if in a fever, with great difficulty he reached the house of Khadija, who was frightened by his appearance. He asked his wife to cover him with a thick blanket and sat under it until he recovered from his fright.
The legend continues that soon Muhammad again wanted to climb Hira, but, having climbed into the cave, he again felt the presence of a mysterious stranger in it, who addressed him a second time with the same words:
- O Muhammad, you are the messenger of Allah.
This time what was said plunged Muhammad ibn Abdullah into such horror that he was ready to throw himself down from the high cliff above which the cave was located.
And only when the invisible stranger visited him for the third time, Muhammad learned that the archangel Gabriel, sent to him by Allah himself, appeared in his cave.
For the fourth time, the archangel appeared to Muhammad in a dream.
Covering him with a brocade blanket on which there were some writings, the archangel ordered Muhammad:
- I can not! – Muhammad exclaimed in despair.
And then Dzhabrail wrapped him even more tightly in a brocade blanket, so that the poor man could hardly breathe, and again ordered in a stern voice:
- But I can not! - Mohammed croaked, gasping, but the archangel was inexorable and wrapped him in a blanket even more tightly, and then repeated the order for the third time: - Read!
- Read! In the name of your Lord, who created man from a clot!
This is how the verses of the Koran were first revealed to Muhammad ibn Abdullah. This happened in 610, in the month of Ramadan, and he continued to receive revelations from above for more than twenty years, becoming the great prophet of Islam.
Only a few in Mecca believed Muhammad and recognized him as a true messenger of God, bringing the message that there is no God but Allah, and that he, Muhammad, is His prophet. The rest mocked the Messenger of Allah and oppressed him in every possible way. Things got to the point that in 622 the prophet had to flee from Mecca to the blessed Medina, where the majority of the population happily accepted Islam. Other Meccan Muslims followed him. From this migration, or hijra, the calendar is calculated according to the Muslim calendar.
Over the next ten years, Islam spread throughout the Arabian Peninsula and began to expand beyond its borders. The verses of the Koran, the revelations revealed to the Prophet Muhammad by Almighty Allah, were passed on from mouth to mouth, and the followers of the prophet reverently listened to his speeches and tried to imitate him in everything, believing that his words and deeds were inspired by the one and all-powerful God, who has no equal and who is the true ruler of the universe and the arbiter of the destinies of all things.
The personality of the Prophet Muhammad cannot but arouse admiration. It can’t be called anything other than a miracle that an illiterate orphan from the pagan Quraish tribe became the founder of one of the world’s monotheistic religions, united many previously hostile tribes under the banner of Islam and created the first Muslim state, proving himself to be an outstanding legislator and commander. He had his say in almost every area human life, having determined the laws by which the Muslim world lives for centuries. Stories about the actions and sayings of the beloved prophet, hadiths, have become one of the main cultural values of the Islamic world. Hadiths are not just legends about the prophet and people close to him. What they say are illustrations of the injunctions contained in the Qur'an. However, between the Quran and hadith there is fundamental difference: holy quran both in form and in meaning goes back to Allah, conveying His words, and hadiths, going back to the sayings of Allah in semantically, in form go back to the prophet, recording what he said and did.
Hadith began to be created and disseminated during the lifetime of the prophet. For more than a hundred years they existed in the oral tradition, then collections began to be compiled from them. They have been studied and continue to be studied by theologians, and knowledge of hadiths and the ability to tell them invariably evokes deep respect in the Muslim world.
The structure of the classical hadith falls into two parts. The first, called isnad, contains a chain of narrators, thanks to whom the hadith existed in oral form before it was written down. Studying this chain of names allows us to determine how reliable this hadith is. The second part either states a saying or briefly describes the deed of the Messenger of Allah, which is perceived as completely reliable due to reference to authorities famous personalities mentioned in the isnad. A mandatory element of hadith style is the use of formulaic ritual phrases after the names of Allah, the prophet and the righteous from among his followers. There are many collections of hadith, and a significant part of them passes from one to another, and some stories are repeated in the same collection, differing from each other in isnads or minor details of the narrative. The most reliable collections of hadith are those compiled by the imams Muhammad ibn Ismail al-Jufi al-Bukhari (810–870), Muslim (d. 875), at-Tirmidhi (d. 892), Abu Dawood (d. 888), an- Nasai (d. 915) and ibn Maji (d. 887). However, not all well-known hadiths are included in them. For example, al-Bukhari processed about 600 thousand hadiths, of which he recognized only 7,300 as reliable; they were included in his collection, and Imam Ahmad ibn Hanbal studied about a million hadiths, including only twenty-fifth of the texts he examined in his code.
Hadiths are not only commandments for Muslims who want to live according to the Sunnah. This is wisdom addressed to all humanity. In our collection, hadiths are presented in literary form, without isnads and ritual phrases, in order to make it easier for the reader to perceive ancient texts. And yours main task the compiler saw it as drawing the attention of contemporaries to the divinely inspired, brilliant personality of the Prophet Muhammad, to amaze them with the breadth of his horizons, the clarity of what he preached ethical principles and bring us closer to understanding the true spirit of Islam.
Hadiths about the personality of the Prophet Muhammad
About the appearance of the Prophet Muhammad
1.1. According to one of his contemporaries, the Prophet Muhammad had a large head and large eyes. As he walked, he leaned forward, as if walking up a mountain. If he turned, he turned with his whole body.
Others who knew him closely said that the Messenger of Allah was slightly above average height. He had very fair, white skin, a black beard and beautiful and healthy teeth. His eyes were covered with long eyelashes.
Still others remembered that he was very broad-shouldered and round-cheeked. People noted that he had an unusual gait, since he walked with his entire foot on the ground at once, but he did not have the usual grooves on his feet.
If the prophet needed to turn, he either turned completely towards the people or completely turned away from them.
With all the variety of memories of those who knew the prophet, the common thing in them is that everyone spoke of him as an exceptional person, the like of whom they had never met either before or after him.
On the commonality of the Prophet Muhammad with other prophets
1.2. Prophet Muhammad said that all prophets are brothers. They have the same father, but different mothers. Of all the prophets, the one closest to him was his immediate predecessor, Isa, the son of Maryam.
On the difference between the Prophet Muhammad and other prophets
1.3. Once the Messenger of Allah listed what was given only to him and was never revealed to the prophets who preceded him:
“I win because fear instills fear in the hearts of all my enemies who are within a month’s journey of me.” The whole earth is given to me for the purpose of worshiping Almighty Allah, and it is all made suitable for purification when we cannot find water for ablution, so that my followers can perform prayer wherever they find themselves during the time allotted for prayer. I can take spoils of war, which was not allowed to any of the prophets who preceded me. I have been given the right to intercede for Muslims before the Lord of the Worlds. And I was sent not only to my people, but to everyone who lives on earth.
1.4. The Prophet Muhammad did not want Muslims to praise him the way Christians praise Jesus; he viewed himself as a slave of Allah and His messenger.
1.5. The Messenger of Allah used to fast on Saturdays and Sundays.
“These days are holidays for the peoples of the Book, and I want to be different from them.
About the speech of the prophet Muhammad
1.6. According to contemporaries, the Messenger of Allah, when addressing people, always spoke very clearly and usually repeated his words three times so that they would better reach the consciousness of his listeners, and when he came to visit, he greeted the owners of the house three times.
About the straightforwardness of the Prophet Muhammad
1.7. If the Prophet Muhammad saw something that he did not like, it was immediately reflected on his face.
On the moral principles of the Prophet Muhammad
1.8. The Messenger of Allah always, when he had to make a choice, preferred the simpler to the more complex, unless it was about an unrighteous act. He was the last of those who could commit an unrighteous act. He never took revenge for the harm done to him. However, if he saw people disrespecting Allah Almighty, he would punish them in the name of Allah Almighty.
1.9. Teaching Muslims modesty, the Prophet Muhammad set an example for them in everything modest behavior. One of the people who knew him rightly noted that he had more bashful modesty than a virgin in her tent.
Modest and unpretentious in everyday life, the Messenger of Allah was also the most generous of people. However, he showed the greatest generosity in the month of Ramadan, when Gabriel appeared to him every night to teach him new verses of the Koran. On such days, the prophet’s generosity resembled the breeze of a blessed wind.
1.10. The Prophet Muhammad always took care of his clothes. The reason for this should, of course, not be sought in stinginess, for there was no man more generous than him: the Messenger of Allah valued clothes as a gift sent to him by Almighty Allah, and therefore, whenever he had to put on new clothes, he respectfully pronounced their name , and then praised Allah who gave it and created prayer appeal, asking Him that it and what it was made of would bring him good, and that He would protect him from the evil that it could bring to him.
And he always started putting his clothes on the right.
1.11. The Messenger of Allah taught Muslims to greet each other with joyful smiles, but no one had ever seen him laugh out loud.
1.12. In an effort to bring peace and tranquility to his ummah, the Prophet Muhammad taught that when two Muslims scold each other, the responsibility for everything they said falls on the one who spoke first, but this only happens if the one who is being reviled does not goes beyond what is permitted.
And he called those who curse and revile each other as devils, accusing and rejecting each other.
The Prophet Muhammad himself never reviled anyone, and no one heard a single rude word from him. If he wanted to show that he condemned someone from his ummah, he said:
- And what came over him? May his brow become dusty!
1.13. The Messenger of Allah, who by his own preference always lived in poverty, received guests for much longer periods than the three days he recommended to the faithful. One day several young people who belonged to the same tribe came to him, and he left them with him for twenty whole days, teaching them to pray to the One and Only Lord.
Noticing that his guests were homesick, the Messenger of Allah began to ask them about their families, and then ordered everyone to return home and teach their relatives Islam, lead a virtuous, God-fearing lifestyle and set time say prayers. At the same time, he ordered the eldest of the young people to lead their prayers, and the other guest to call everyone else to it. So, thanks to the Prophet Muhammad, an imam and a muezzin appeared in that tribe.
1.14. When fresh dates were brought to the Prophet Muhammad, he always invoked the blessings of Allah on his ummah, and then treated the youngest of the children next to him with a date.
1.15. One day, after a long period of drought, it began to rain heavily. And the Prophet Muhammad took off his clothes and went outside to stand in the downpour.
- Why did you do this, O Messenger of Allah? - they asked him, and he said:
– Because this rain is a gift from Almighty Allah and came directly from Him.
About the prayers of the Prophet Muhammad
1.16. The Messenger of Allah said that Allah will answer the prayer of every Muslim, unless this prayer contains a request for the forbidden, for the severing of family ties. In addition, the person praying must be patient, repeating his request consistently, and not say that his prayer remained unanswered.
1.17. According to contemporaries, the Messenger of Allah often repeated this prayer appeal:
- O Allah, help me and do not help against me. Support me and don't support those who are against me. Be cunning for me, not against me. Turn away from me those who are against me. O Allah, make me grateful to You, remembering You, fearing You, submissive to You and humble, supplicating and repenting before You. Accept my repentance. Wash away my sins and answer my prayer. Confirm my proof of faith. Lead my heart and tongue along the path of Truth and cleanse my heart of hatred.
Hadiths about worthy behavior
About true faith
2.1. The believer is simple-minded and generous.
2.2. A believer should neither slander nor curse, nor should he be rude or behave indecently.
2.3. Faith has been absorbed by those who have the following three qualities: justice, friendliness and generosity.
2.4. Fear of Allah, the Lord of the Worlds, is the natural state of a believer. Therefore, the prophet Muhammad said:
– Wherever you are, fear Allah. Return good for evil in order to dry up the root of evil. And adhere to good moral principles!
2.5. Prophet Muhammad said: “The same stone cannot harm a believer twice.”
2.6. Once the Messenger of Allah was asked what righteousness is. The Prophet was silent for a while and then answered:
– If you want to understand what righteousness is, look to your heart. Righteousness is that which does not burden the soul and heart, and sin is that which stirs unkindly in the soul and tosses heavily in the chest.
About goodness and kindness
2.7. Another time the prophet was asked: “O Messenger of Allah, tell us what is the best of what can be sent down to man?”
“Good disposition,” he answered without hesitation.
2.8. The Messenger of Allah was asked which of the believers are the best, he replied:
“The best in my community are those who have the best character.”
2.9. The best of people is the one you can rely on, who does good and does not do evil.
2.10. The Messenger of Allah constantly reminded that a person should not be judged by his appearance, but according to his spiritual aspirations and deeds.
“Allah Almighty does not look at your appearance and condition, but judges you by looking into your hearts and observing your actions,” he often reminded. “Truly, the best of you is the best in virtues.”
2.11. The Prophet said: “Everyone who has been given a piece of decency has received his share of goodness.” Everyone who has been deprived of his share of decency is deprived of that share of goodness. Good character will be the most important thing in the believer's balance on the Day of Resurrection. Allah hates rude people with a foul tongue.
2.12. Hell is forbidden to anyone who is attentive to others, condescending, gentle and easy to communicate with.
2.13. The reward for the one who calls to do good is equal to the reward that the one who does it will receive.
2.14. Every part of a human being must purify itself by giving sadaqah (alms) from dawn to dusk; to judge two people fairly is sadaqah; a kind word spoken is sadaqah; Every step towards the mosque is also sadaqa.
2.15. The Messenger of Allah taught Muslims to be selfless in the path of Allah.
– Why do you do good only to those who do good to you, and treat well only those who treat you well? Why do you only talk to those who talk to you? Why do you honor only those who honor you? - he asked. “Neither of you is given an advantage over the other.” Verily, the believers are those who believe in Allah and His Messenger, those who do good even to those who did them harm, those who forgive even those who deprived them and denied them, those who trust even those who they were betrayed by those who show respect even to the one who humiliated them.
2.16. The Prophet Muhammad taught that every good deed done by a Muslim brings him closer to entering Heaven, and every unworthy deed brings him closer to Hell. Life is complex and constantly presents people with a choice between good and evil. Wanting to guide Muslims on the path of righteousness, the Messenger of Allah said:
– Paradise is closer to each of you than the straps of his sandals, and Fire is just as close to each of you.
2.17. For someone who wanted to do a good deed but did not do it, Allah will count it as a completed good deed. And if he had a good intention and carried it out, Allah will count this good deed tenfold. If a person intended to commit evil, but refrained from doing so, Allah will count it to him as a good deed done by him.
2.18. When the Messenger of Allah, who was persecuted in Mecca, had to move to Medina, many followed him. However, not everyone moved to Medina for religious reasons. The Prophet knew this and once said:
– Every human action is preceded by an intention, and everyone is rewarded according to his intentions. The one who wanted to migrate in the name of Allah and His prophet, migrated in the name of Allah and His prophet, and the one who wanted to gain some benefit or migrated because he wanted to get married, migrated in order to gain benefit or to get married.
2.19. Forgive the righteous if they make small mistakes.
2.20. The Messenger of Allah always emphasized the importance good relations among people.
“Settle differences between Muslims,” he urged his followers, “since anger between them is destructive.” For in relation to each other, believers are like a building in which the individual parts support each other.
About the duty of a Muslim
2.21. When one of the followers turned to the Messenger of Allah with a request to teach him the behavior worthy of a Muslim, the prophet gave him nine pieces of advice:
– Do not put anyone on a level with Allah, even if they cut you into pieces or roast you in the fire. Do not voluntarily refuse the prescribed prayer. Anyone who refuses it will lose the protection of Allah. Don't drink wine - it's the key to all evil. Obey your parents. If they order you to give up all the property you have, give it up. Don't resist those in power, even if you think you're right. Do not flee from the army when it advances, even if you are killed because your comrades are fleeing. Support your wife according to your means. Don't swing a stick at her. Teach your household to be in awe of Almighty Allah.
2.22. The Prophet considered it obligatory to unconditionally obey the ruler even if he did not like this ruler.
