Home Helpful Hints Dermatologist of the highest category. Dermatology. Who is a dermatologist

Helpful Hints

Dermatologist of the highest category. Dermatology. Who is a dermatologist

Specialists of the EMC Department of Dermatology treat adults and children from the first days of life. Diagnosis and treatment is carried out by top-level specialists in accordance with modern European and Russian protocols.

Areas of work of the department:

diagnosis and treatment of acute and chronic skin diseases;
diagnosis and treatment of nail diseases;
diagnosis and treatment of hair diseases;
biological therapy of autoimmune skin diseases;
phototherapy of chronic skin diseases;
itch therapy.

EMC dermatologists (in Moscow) diagnose and treat atopic dermatitis, eczema, urticaria, psoriasis, seborrheic dermatitis, acne, vitiligo, herpes, viral warts, molluscum contagiosum, fungal infections of the skin and nails, skin neoplasms, etc.

Treatment of any form psoriasis is carried out using the most modern anti-cytokine drugs obtained by genetic engineering. As a result, a long-term clinical remission of all manifestations of the disease is ensured, with minimal time spent for the patient - only a few injections of the drug per year. The most effective methods of phototherapy are also used.

V " Center for the Prevention and Treatment of Itching» Patient care is provided jointly by dermatologists, neurologists and psychotherapists within one multifunctional hospital. Only such a multidisciplinary approach allows us to correctly determine the cause of acute or chronic itching and establish the most appropriate individual treatment strategy for each patient.

Pediatric dermatologist

The clinic pays special attention to the treatment of children. Children's dermatologists conduct appointments at a specialized Children's Clinic located at st. Trifonovskaya 26, where all conditions are created for the comfort of our little patients. Medical care for children is provided in close cooperation with pediatricians and other pediatric specialists. Removal of all types of skin neoplasms in children is performed under local anesthesia or during medication sleep (if necessary). The specialists of the clinic carry out the selection of individual care products and for the treatment of sensitive children's skin.

Before visiting a dermatologist, special preparation is not required.

Since some venereal diseases are characterized by lesions of the skin and mucous membranes, the dermatologist's competence also includes the treatment of venereal diseases.

Since the skin, which performs a respiratory and protective function, reflects a variety of changes in the external environment and the work of internal organs, with persistent changes in the epithelium, it is advisable to visit a dermatologist.

Diseases of the skin and mucous membranes can be the result of damage to internal organs or infectious diseases, so a dermatologist can refer the patient to doctors of other specialties (to, etc.).

In addition, a dermatologist deals with the treatment of malignant skin diseases.

What does a dermatologist treat in adults

A dermatologist treats:

Epidermophytosis is a contagious (contagious) infectious disease that occurs when fungi of the genus dermatophytes are affected. Inguinal epidermophytosis is distinguished, which is caused by the fungus Epidermophyton inguinale, as well as epidermophytosis of the feet, which occurs when the fungus Trichophyton mentagrophytes is affected. With inguinal epidermophytosis, the femoral-scrotal folds, the inner surface of the thighs, the pubis and armpits are affected (with advanced disease or obesity of the patient, the pathological process may affect the skin of the chest and abdomen). With epidermophytosis of the feet, not only the skin of the foot, but also the nails are affected. Both types of fungi are very contagious, and since they prefer high humidity and high temperatures, infection often occurs when visiting a bathhouse, swimming pool, etc.
Trichophytosis or "ringworm" is a fungal disease that causes fungi of the genus Trichophyton, Microsporum and Epidermophyton. Fungi are transmitted from a sick person or animal through direct contact, the use of shared clothing and other items. The fungus affects the skin, including under the hairline, and in some cases affects the nails. Signs of the disease are reddish ring-shaped itchy spots, damage to the hair roots and hair loss in the anterior region of the skull.
Microsporia (a type of "ringworm") is a contagious disease of animals and humans, which is caused by fungi of the genus Microsporum. The fungus mainly affects the skin and hair, but sometimes the lesion can also affect the nail plates. The causative agent of the infection is transmitted from sick animals to humans with fungal hair that has fallen on care items, etc. The pathogen can be transmitted from person to person with hats and household items.
Multicolored lichen, which occurs when the fungus Malassezia furfur is affected. The fungus normally lives on the skin of humans and animals, but with increased sweating and a change in the pH of the sweat-fat mantle, it affects the mouths of the follicles and the stratum corneum of the epidermis, forming spots on the skin (on the skin of a light shade, a spot of the shade of coffee with milk, on the dark - a whitish shade). In most cases, the disease is not contagious.
Rubrophytosis is the most common contagious fungal disease (80-90% of all mycoses of the feet), which affects smooth skin, nails and vellus hair. The causative agent of the disease is the fungus Trichophyton rubrum, which is transmitted from person to person in conditions of high humidity (baths, pools, etc.) and with the help of common household items.
Scab (favus) is a fungal disease that, when the scalp or skin is affected, forms a hard crust. With this disease, nails are also affected, damage to internal organs is possible. The disease can have a scutular form (accompanied by dry hair, loss of their luster and elasticity, baldness), a squamous form (accompanied by diffuse peeling, tiny scutulae may be present) and an impetiginous form, in which yellow-brown crusts form. Infection occurs through contact with a sick person or through the use of common household items.
Candidiasis, which is caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida with endocrine disorders, hypovitaminosis, gastrointestinal diseases and personal hygiene. The fungus is part of the normal microflora of the oral cavity, vagina and colon, multiplying in large numbers only when the immune system is weakened.
Deep mycoses (blastomycosis, coccidiomycosis, sporotrichosis, etc.), which are located in the skin and underlying tissues, affecting the internal organs.
- a contagious disease in which the skin is affected by streptococci and staphylococci. The disease can be primary (occurs when pathogenic strains come into contact with the skin in the presence of microtraumas or softening of the skin under the influence of liquid (maceration)) and secondary (it is a complication of dermatoses). With streptococcal lesions, slight reddening of the skin and foci with small-lamellar peeling (dry pyoderma) are observed. A variety of streptococcal impetigo are streptococcal seizures, which often occur in children.
Papilloma - benign tumor-like formations of the skin and mucous membranes, which are warty in nature. The formation of papillomas occurs when the human papillomavirus (HPV) is affected against the background of a decrease in immunity. Infection occurs by contact, the virus is transmitted from a sick person to a healthy person in the presence of skin lesions (usually this is the spread of vulgar, filiform and flat warts) or sexually (genital warts, which are rarely transmitted by household). The virus often enters the body in childhood.
Herpes is a viral disease characterized by a rash in the form of grouped vesicles located on the skin and mucous membranes. Caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2. Contact with the first type of virus in almost all people occurs by the 18th month of life. Usually, the virus enters the body through the respiratory tract, after which it enters the trigeminal nerve and remains in the ganglion cells in a latent form for an indefinitely long period. The herpes virus type 2 enters the body sexually, and also goes into a latent form in the cells of the sacral ganglion. Activation of the virus is provoked by impaired immunity, stressful situations and other diseases.

A dermatologist also treats non-contagious inflammatory skin diseases:

Eczema, which is accompanied by a rash and itching and can occur in acute or chronic form. Occurs under the influence of external (thermal, mechanical, etc.) and internal (gastrointestinal disease, etc.) factors. It can be true (idiopathic), microbial, mycotic, seborrheic, professional, childish, varicose and sycosiform.
Neurodermatitis is a chronic disease that occurs as a result of a violation in the functioning of the nervous system, with metabolic disorders and diseases of internal organs. Harmful environmental factors also provoke the disease. Neurodermatitis is accompanied by severe constant itching, infiltration and, its redness and the presence of a rash or lesions with epidermal-dermal papules.
Allergic dermatitis that occurs as a result of contact with an allergen (allergic contact dermatitis, atopic and drug-induced dermatitis) or natural skin irritants (simple contact and actinic dermatitis).
Urticaria - skin diseases in the form of pale pink itchy blisters that quickly appear on the skin after a person comes into contact with an allergen (reminiscent of a nettle burn).
Seborrhea is a painful chronic skin condition that occurs as a result of increased sebum secretion associated with disorders of the nervous and neuroendocrine regulation of the functions of the sebaceous glands, etc.

scabies caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei;
demodicosis, which is caused by the mite Demodex follikulorum;
pediculosis, which occurs when lice are affected;
leishmaniasis caused by mosquito bites;
strongyloidiasis, which is caused by worms of the genus Strongyloides, etc.

Pediatric dermatologist

Since the skin of children is more delicate, and the child reacts more sharply to external and internal factors, inflammatory processes on the skin of a child require consultation with a pediatric dermatologist.

A pediatric dermatologist treats:

inflammatory and pustular skin diseases (diaper rash, etc.);
dermatitis (a common reason for visiting a doctor is atopic dermatitis);
fungal skin lesions ("ringworm" in most cases is observed in children);
acne (youthful acne);
various diseases of the hair and scalp;
fungal and non-fungal nail diseases.

Dermatologist-cosmetologist

A cosmetologist-dermatologist is one who has a medical education, thanks to which individual treatments are selected after diagnosing the condition of the skin and hair.

A dermatologist-cosmetologist treats various diseases of the skin and hair, and also eliminates minor skin defects (acne, papillomas, spider veins, moles).

It is this specialist who helps to eliminate skin defects with the help of peelings, cryotherapy and other methods, and also performs skin rejuvenation procedures.

If the malignancy of the detected neoplasm is suspected, the procedures are postponed, since the patient needs additional diagnostics, which is performed by a dermatologist-oncologist.

Dermatologist-oncologist

Since the prevalence of skin cancer worldwide has increased 400 times in 80 years, in most cases a consultation is necessary before removing skin tumors.

A dermatologist-oncologist determines the degree of goodness of a neoplasm using a dermatoscope, which allows you to multiply the area under study. The doctor studies the symmetry, structure and appearance of the neoplasm. If malignancy is suspected, additional morphological studies are carried out.

When to See a Dermatologist

Consultation with a dermatologist is necessary for people who:

rashes of any shade and shape appeared on the skin;
there is swelling of the skin, which is accompanied by itching;
pustules or boils appeared;
there are numerous moles or there are moles that change in size, shape and shade;
papillomas formed;
the skin turns red and flaky, weeping inflamed areas form;
there are acne, the skin is too oily or dry.

You should also make an appointment with a dermatologist in case of changes in the nail plates, the appearance of cracks in the feet, hair loss, skin itching, which intensifies at night.

Stages of a medical consultation

Dermatologist appointment includes:

study of patient complaints and medical history;
visual examination, which allows in most cases to make a diagnosis;
referral for additional examination (if necessary).

Since skin rashes can be a symptom of diseases of the internal organs, a dermatologist may refer the patient for a consultation with other specialists.

An appointment with a dermatologist is carried out in a polyclinic or in a dermatological and venereal dispensary at the place of main registration, but it is also possible to visit this specialist in private clinics.

Since the patient is not always able to visit a doctor in the clinic (inconvenient work schedule, bedridden patient, etc.), it is possible to call a dermatologist at home. A dermatologist will also come to your home in case of skin diseases in a child, as it is difficult to stand in lines with small children.

Diagnostics

Although in most cases the dermatologist makes the correct diagnosis, focusing on the clinical picture of the disease, additionally carried out:

scraping from the affected area and microscopic examination of the material, which allows to identify the causative agent of the disease;
diascopy, which allows you to examine the elements of the rash and establish their true color by pressing on these elements with a glass slide or lens;
analysis for PCR or Digene-test for the HPV virus;
ELISA - a method that helps to identify antibodies to the causative agent of the disease;
video dermatoscopy, which allows non-invasive diagnosis of skin diseases, precancerous conditions and skin tumors at the initial stage of their development.

If a tumor is suspected to be malignant, a dermatologist takes a part of the tissue from the tumor mass for morphological examination (if melanoma is suspected, the tumor is removed entirely).

Treatment methods

A dermatologist prescribes treatment, focusing on the type of disease and its pathogen.

In the presence of fungal infections, the dermatologist prescribes antimycotic drugs for external use (ointments "Mycospor", "Clotrimazole", etc.), and in case of serious inflammatory processes - combined drugs that combine antimycotics and corticosteroid hormones. In severe lesions, systemic antifungal therapy (Griseofulvin, etc.) is prescribed.

With viral lesions, the dermatologist prescribes antiviral drugs (Groprinosin, Panavir, etc.) and vitamins.

If there are papillomas, a dermatologist can remove them with:

laser;
radio waves (apparatus "Surgitron");
liquid nitrogen.

Electrocoagulation and removal with a scalpel is now rarely used.

With bacterial lesions, ointments containing an antibiotic are prescribed, or general antibiotic treatment in combination with vitamin therapy.

Dermatology - a branch of medicine that focuses on skin diseases, their signs, causes and mechanisms of development, as well as methods of diagnosis, treatment and prevention.

According to statistics, more than 15% of all requests for medical care are made by a dermatologist.

Thanks to the accumulated experience and the development of innovative technologies, modern dermatology has achieved significant development in the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases. At the moment, this industry is closely connected with venereology, phlebology, surgery, endocrinology and many other medical areas, which is due to the need for a comprehensive study of various dermatological problems. This approach to the greatest extent allows the dermatologist not only to improve existing knowledge, but also to develop new methods in the field of diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases.

Skin diseases are common and very diverse in clinical manifestations. Skin changes often serve as an external reflection of one or another pathology of internal organs, the central nervous system, the endocrine system, etc. Therefore, knowledge of the basics of dermatology is necessary in the daily work of a doctor of any specialty, and a good dermatologist requires certain knowledge of related disciplines. Each dermatologist at the MedikCity clinic is a highly qualified specialist who fully owns all the necessary knowledge.

Skin: features and functions

Leather - the largest human organ, with its own physiology and anatomy. The weight of the skin of an adult is up to 15-20% of the weight of his entire body. In every square centimeter of skin there are 6,000,000 cells, 5,000 sensory points, about 100 sweat glands and 15 sebaceous glands. On the soles of the feet, the thickness of the skin reaches 5 mm, while the skin around the eyes is no thicker than 1 mm. The skin differs in color, moisture, fat content and density not only in different people, but also in the same person at different periods of his life, as well as in different parts of his body.

The skin performs several important functions. Firstly, it protects the body from mechanical influences, dirt, bacteria, harmful chemicals, ultraviolet radiation, etc. Secondly, the waste products of the human body are excreted through the skin. Thirdly, the skin is a sense organ: numerous nerve endings give a person the opportunity to touch.

The skin consists of three layers: epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous fat.

Treatment of skin diseases in the clinic "MedicCity"

There are mechanical, thermal, chemical, electrical and radiation skin lesions. A skin disease (itching and inflammation on the skin, acne, acne, warts, etc.) not only brings some discomfort to our lives, but is often a harbinger of dangerous ailments. At the same time, many people do not attach serious importance to skin diseases and do not seek the advice of a dermatologist.

While a good dermatologist will conduct a high-quality diagnosis and prescribe an adequate treatment for a skin disease when the first signs appear.

The main methods of treatment of dermatological diseases:

drug therapy;
physiotherapeutic methods (excimer laser, ILBI, AUFOK);
radio wave surgery (removal of skin neoplasms - papillomas, condylomas, nevi, etc.);
laser methods;
phototherapy, etc.

Examination methods used by our dermatologists to diagnose skin diseases:

consultation with a dermatologist (history taking, external examination, determination of dermographism, diascopy (vitropressure));
dermatoscopy;
laboratory diagnostic methods (ELISA, bacteriological, general clinical, cytological, biochemical, histological studies, etc.).