The landscape is one of the oldest, most widespread and art. Taking pictures of beautiful landscapes is prestigious and profitable, since the best representatives of this genre pay a lot of money. How to shoot a landscape and get beautiful photos will be discussed in this article. To get quality results, you need to adhere to a few simple photography rules, know the basics of composition, and use the correct lenses. All this will be discussed in this article.
Main features of landscape photography
An important feature of landscape photography is the clarity of the picture throughout the frame. The beauty of landscape photography lies in conveying nature in its entirety. Therefore, it is important to shoot the landscape with the narrowest aperture possible.
The quality of light is one of the ingredients of good, beautiful landscape photography. There is the so-called golden age of photography, when lighting is most conducive to creating attractive shots. This is the time after dawn and at sunset. In the cold season, the sun is initially softer, so you can navigate according to the circumstances and take pictures when convenient. Despite the fact that the golden time is considered to be the time immediately after dawn, you need to arrive at the shooting location at least an hour before the photo starts. During the time that you have in stock, you will be able to find the most successful places to work.
For landscape photography, it is customary to use a wide-angle lens, only with its help you can achieve the widest possible coverage of reality. Wide coverage can be achieved with a conventional kit lens (), but to obtain high-quality photographs, you need specialized optics that allow you to take high-quality frames. Aberrations that appear as color halos are more common when shooting with variable focal length lenses, so the wide-angle prime is best when shooting landscapes.
How do I shoot a landscape? - Camera settings
As already mentioned, in order to create a high-quality landscape shot, it is necessary to convey all the clarity of the displayed image, for this it is necessary to shoot with a narrow aperture. Under the narrow, f / 12 and narrower aperture is assumed. Light conditions are not always conducive to photography with narrow apertures and fast shutter speeds, so landscape photography often requires the use of a tripod or monopod for clear images.
Most likely, you will have to work in manual or semi-automatic aperture priority mode. The cameras also provide a special automatic landscape shooting mode, in which case the camera will set all the necessary parameters by itself.
As for the shutter speed, in the aperture priority mode, the camera will set it automatically, and in manual mode, the correct setting falls on the shoulders of the photographer. In bright light, with an aperture of f / 16, the shutter speed will be 1/100 sec., But since the lighting is not always perfect, the shutter speed can be significantly slower. For quality work, you will most likely have to use a tripod, otherwise there is a risk of blurring the frame.
The sensitivity value should be as low as possible, otherwise noise and graininess of the image will spoil the detail in the colors of the frame. To shoot a beautiful landscape, it is better to sacrifice the shutter speed by making it minimal. Try not to increase the ISO under any circumstances.
Composition in landscape photography
The rule of thirds in composition was first applied in painting, but today it is very popular in photographic art. Precisely positioning the main components of the frame according to this rule will allow you to achieve outstanding results and beautiful images that your viewer will want to look at over and over again.
At first glance, landscape photography is a very simple type of photography. It seems that all you need to do is go outside with the camera, choose a decent subject and press the shutter button. However, when you see your first footage, you might be disappointed. Find out what to look out for when shooting landscapes and how to get great shots below.
Lens for shooting landscapes
To begin with, there are no lenses designed exclusively for landscape photography. The picture taken with a long-focus lens has less geometric distortion, but, unfortunately, a smaller angle of view. Short-throw (wide-angle) optics are suitable when you need to get a larger angle of view, depth of perspective transfer or build a panoramic image. At the same time, geometric perspective distortions inherent in such lenses can be used as an artistic effect. For landscape photography, wide-angle fixed focal length lenses such as 14 or 18 mm are available. An alternative and cheaper option is to purchase a zoom lens (10–20 mm, 12–24 mm, 18–35 mm). Finally, a kit lens (18-55mm) can also be used, which will give you a lot of flexibility in choosing your subject and is a great choice for the budding photographer.
It should be noted that lenses designed for narrow format cameras have a focal length scale in terms of angle of view for a standard 35 mm film frame. Therefore, to estimate the angle of view of a lens for your digital camera, you need to consider its crop factor.
Light filters
In addition to the lens, you will need light filters for landscape photography. They will dramatically improve your images. For landscape photography, it is best to use gradient and polarizing filters.
A gradient filter with the upper part darkened and the lower part completely transparent. A gradient filter lets you dim a bleached, expressionless sky, or enhance its texture in cloudy weather.
A polarizing filter is used when you need to emphasize blue skies, clouds against its background, or to emphasize reflections in water.
When choosing filters, it is important to take into account that their use on ultra-wide-angle lenses (18 mm or less) can lead to the undesirable effect of uneven illumination of the frame and vignetting.
Composition
Before you start shooting, you need to remember the basic rules for building a composition. Try not to place the horizon line exactly in the middle of the frame. It is desirable to build the composition in such a way that it is closer to the upper or lower third of the frame. Avoid central arrangement of objects that you emphasize. Since ancient times, the rules have been well known according to which an object located near the point of the "golden section" has the most harmonious perception. Mentally dividing the frame into three equal parts with two vertical and two horizontal lines, compose your frame so that the accentuated object is in the area of one of the points of their intersection. If there are several such objects, never place them on the same line.
|
|
When shooting a landscape, divide the frame into three well-defined shots - foreground, middle and background. With this composition, your shot will acquire the required volume.
Light
Watch out for lighting. The most favorable time for shooting is before 10 am and after 5 pm (in autumn and winter, these boundaries, of course, narrow). At this time, the lighting is the softest and most even. Use a polarizing filter to expose clear, cloudless skies. With it, you can achieve a deep and soft gradient: from light smoky to deep, velvety shades (Photo 1).
Use a gradient filter to reduce the brightness of the cloudy, colorless sky and the appearance of the cloud texture. This will add extra dimension to your shot. When you turn on the blue sky fragments in the break of the clouds, the effect of the gradient filter on them will be equivalent to the action of the polarizing filter (Photo 2).
Try not to overload your shot with unnecessary details. Sometimes the simplest composition can add volume to a frame. For example, in this frame (Photo 3) with the help of people it was possible to bring the composition to life, and with the help of just one detail - the stone in the foreground, arranged near the point of the "golden ratio", to achieve volume.
Feel free to experiment with metering, especially in difficult lighting conditions. When shooting landscapes, the maximum depth of field is very important, so when shooting handheld, it is preferable to set the aperture F8-11, and if you have a tripod, you can reduce it to F22.
Panoramas
Finally, practice taking panoramas. Several rules should be followed here. All future shots of your panorama should have the same scale of the subject, so do not focus closer or further away from it. The aperture value should be kept constant. The frames need to be done with some overlap. Otherwise, due to the lack of information at the edges of the frames, the program for stitching panoramas will not be able to collect the final image. You can use your camera's bracketing function to avoid exposure errors.
As an example (Photo 4), we can take a panorama made up of two frames with a relative aperture of F8 and a focal length of the lens of 28 mm. In this case, the lens was focused at infinity, and the shutter speed in all frames was equal to 1/125 of a second.
11.08.2016
Landscape in photography, as in painting, (from the French words "paysage" and "pays", which means "terrain" in translation) is an independent genre in which the main object for the image is nature: forests and fields, mountains and seas and others its objects and manifestations.
Types of landscape photography
In addition to our usual "natural" photo-landscape, there is also "urban", which is to reflect the diversity of city life with roads and cars, buildings and sidewalks.
There is also an "industrial" landscape - this includes photographs containing pictures of construction sites, factories, industrial enterprises.
Sometimes they talk about a "rural" landscape, the purpose of which is to show rural life in a photograph: houses, wells, roads, etc.
Of all the genres of photography, landscape photography is the most popular, but not the easiest. The photographer is faced with the task of capturing and combining in one shot the most expressive combination of heaven and earth, convey and supplement all this with surrounding colors, lighting, play of the wind, scale and sense of time, catch and capture one single, most complete and vivid moment of the life of nature or a city ...
Features of shooting a natural landscape
If we are talking about photographs of nature, then, in order to take a good shot, a person must really love and understand nature, be able to see beauty in it, be observant and attentive.
In all landscapes, regardless of what is depicted on them, there is one common phenomenon that has a special power over the audience and the photographer ... this is the sky. A huge variety of skies - cloudy, thunderstorm, clear, colored by the rays of the setting or dawn sun - allows you to shoot photographs of various emotional stress from the same place.
Water is no less beloved for shooting landscapes - rivers, seas, lakes. Of particular interest is the dark texture of the water, which conveys various moods; Water colored with “sunny” or “moonlit” paths can give the viewer a feeling of night or evening, and under different lighting conditions, reservoirs can create the effect of both a warm and a cold day.
Shooting in the mountains also attracts many photographers with the grandeur and beauty of mountain ranges, clean air and natural play of light and shadows.
It also happens that there are several plans of the depth of space in the image. So, for example, on a sunny day, the forest may look just like a dark strip, some kind of unworked mass, but by changing the brightness or shooting angle using special filters, you can get a good perspective.
It is a mistake to think that the most favorable day for shooting is a sunny day. In cloudy weather, fog, snow or rain, you can find many interesting themes and objects and convey the appropriate mood of nature and the season.
Images of people and other objects in landscape photography
In order to emphasize the depth of the transmitted space and its scale, photographers often place arches or buildings, trees or even people and animals in the foreground, so that the viewer can compare near and distant objects.
When depicting people in photographic landscapes, you must remember the rules:
- a person should remain in the background of nature, without attracting the main attention;
- a person should enliven the landscape, bring something important and necessary into it, and not be an unnecessary object;
- in both cases, a person should not distract from the beauty of the surrounding nature and should not be a central object.
This also applies to the urban landscape. All objects must be thought out and not interfere with each other.
Interesting publications on the site
33044 Improving knowledge 0
Landscape photography can be divided into several components, the main of which are landscape photography and cityscape. The first part of our tutorial will focus on landscape photography.
Shooting landscapes is one of the most difficult and problematic areas of photography. I will say that for me, an experienced photographer, landscape photography still causes difficulties. It's not that difficult from a technical point of view - just have a tripod, a wide-angle lens and pay more attention to exposure. So what makes this kind of photography so challenging?
First of all, you need to be creative when shooting a landscape in order to be able to capture the mood and convey it to the viewer. If the technical side of the issue can be described, then regarding the creative component of photography can only be advised - you need to develop your vision of truly unique photographs.
Equipment
Let's start with the simplest. Which lens should you choose? While great photographs can be obtained with any lens, it is preferable to use wide-angle lenses. They allow you to capture the space of the landscape, emphasizing perspective, which adds depth to the image. If you are using a DSLR camera with an APS-C sensor, then pay attention to the wide-angle 10-20mm AF; for full-frame cameras there is a choice of lenses with 12-24 mm, 16-35 mm, 17-40 mm FR. The zoom lens is easy to use, but the best quality is provided by fixed focal length lenses. In the range of EGF 12-24, a wide viewing angle is provided, while 16-35 and 17-40 provide a much smaller viewing angle, but they provide less optical distortion, especially at the corners of the image. The use of ultra wide-angle lenses and a fisheye lens will make the pictures more expressive and original. But it will not be interesting to shoot all the frames only with “fishy”, so it is good as an addition to the main lens.
When shooting landscapes, small apertures are almost always used to obtain a large depth of field: usually f / 11 - f / 16. It is recommended to avoid very small apertures such as f / 32 as this will degrade image quality due to diffraction (an effect that reduces image sharpness and contrast).
When photographing landscapes, only manual focus should be used, especially when photographing objects in the foreground close to the camera.
ISO sensitivity must be set to the lowest that the camera allows, usually ISO 100-200. It is not recommended to use the ISO 50 extension, which is available as an option on some cameras, due to the reduced dynamic range. Shooting at ISO 100, the image will be virtually noise-free, with a wide dynamic range and excellent image quality that can be sharpened during processing without the fear of loud noise. Shutter speed: As you can imagine, the combination of a small aperture and low ISO values will give a long shutter speed. Depending on the lighting conditions, the shutter speed can be from a fraction of a second (1/250 or 1/500) to several seconds or even minutes.
If you are seriously interested in landscape photography, then you must understand the need to use a tripod. A tripod is a key element for delivering sharp, detailed shots, especially at long exposures. Moreover, the tripod allows you to carefully choose and think over the composition. Using a tripod, it is possible to use a special technique that allows you to take stunning pictures: at sunrise or sunset, take a couple of shots of the same scene - the first exposure to the sky, the second to the foreground, then combine them - you get an original shot with the widest dynamic range. When shooting handheld, it will be impossible to shoot two absolutely identical shots.
When shooting landscape, we recommend using filters - polarizing, and. UV filters and safety filters are useless as they can reduce image quality, reduce sharpness, and increase the likelihood of glare. When choosing filters, it is important to take into account that their use on ultra-wide-angle lenses (18 mm or less) can lead to the undesirable effect of uneven illumination of the frame and vignetting.
Preparing to shoot
Much of the success of your photography depends on how well you prepare for it. You need to think carefully about what might interfere with filming or make you return. The more possible nuances you consider, the more likely you are to focus entirely on shooting. Solve organizational issues: how will you get to the shooting location, where you will stop. If you are not planning to stay overnight, you still need to consider the option of overnight stay - you may not calculate the time, circumstances may change.
Dress in a way that your clothes and shoes are comfortable. Take an umbrella or hooded jacket with you. Consider protecting your vehicle in case of heavy rainfall. A flashlight should be at hand. However, try to get out of the forest or mountains before dark, as spending the night there is not the best option. Get a map of the area, be guided by it and by objects that cannot be confused. It's a good idea to have a compass at your disposal.
Don't forget to bring food and water with you. It is better not to go to distant and desolate places alone. Make sure that your mobile phone has money in your account and that its battery is fully charged. If you go by car, check the "spare", fill the tank with gasoline, do not leave in a faulty car. Tell friends, relatives exactly where you are going (going) and orienteering time when you will return.
Check the camera settings, battery charge, and memory card space before shooting. It's best to shoot in RAW by setting the white balance setting to auto, then you will find the desired balance in the converter. By using different white balance settings, you can provide more attractive color reproduction.
Light
Light is an essential element in landscape photography. The right light can transform even a nondescript subject, while the wrong light can ruin even the best scene. Interestingly, many aspiring photographers believe that a clear sunny day and clear sky are great conditions for shooting - but this is not the case - these are the worst conditions you can imagine for shooting landscapes. The best light is not the bright midday light, but the soft light of sunrise or sunset. Shadows are crisp, colors are warm, rich and pleasing to the eye. Experienced photographers call this time.
It is necessary to get up early and go to bed later to capture the landscape in this light, but the result is worth it. Sometimes, fantastic pictures can be taken even before the sun rises - it is quite possible to take beautiful landscape pictures even at night. Whenever possible, capture the moon to make it more interesting.
If you don't have the ability or desire to wait for dusk or dawn, shoot at noon is another strategy for getting better lighting. If the sky is cloudless, try to exclude it from the frame as much as possible and, conversely, if the clouds form an intricate pattern, be sure to make the sky part of the composition. A polarizing filter in this case will help to emphasize the contrast between clouds and sky and make colors more saturated.
Another way to get a great shot is a black and white shot. Even in low light, a photo can be captured perfectly by converting it to black and white, but not all images will benefit from “discoloration”. In black-and-white mode, frames saturated with textures, edges and other contrasting elements clearly benefit, while others can look "flat". In any case, do not hesitate to experiment with contrast when post-processing in a graphics editor (not in-camera!).
Shooting midday, sunset or sunrise is not the only time a photographer can get a good shot. Even when the sky is overcast or in a pouring rain, you can get a great shot. Clouds and stormy skies will add the appropriate mood to the photo, allow you to give landscapes an unusual look.
Mood
The same places can look very different. The weather, time of day and many other factors affect the environment - it is never the same.
The two pictures show the same waterfall. The first picture was taken in summer, on a sunny day - the waterfall is almost invisible, and the light is not very pleasant. In short, this is a typical photo taken by a typical tourist. The second photo was taken on a day when no one would have thought to visit this waterfall. A cold autumn day, fog and rainy weather, which intensified the waterfall, filled the picture with mood - it is mesmerizing.
Do not be afraid to shoot in the rain or snow - professional lenses and cameras are dust and moisture resistant (you can find out from the description of your photographic equipment), and even if not, you can get 100% protection from moisture by purchasing a special plastic or polyethylene casing.
Use a gradient filter to reduce the brightness of the cloudy, colorless sky and the appearance of the cloud texture. This will add extra dimension to your shot. When you turn on the blue sky fragments in the break of the clouds, the effect of the gradient filter on them will be equivalent to the action of the polarizing filter.
Seasons
Each season gives the photographer its own gifts, so don't postpone shooting the landscape just for your summer vacation.
SHOOTING IN AUTUMN, IN PASTY WEATHER
When photographing rain, it is necessary to strongly aperture the lens in order to shoot at a slow shutter speed. In this case, the raindrops will appear as stripes, which will give the impression of rainy weather in the picture. You just need to be careful not to get rain drops on the lens. Drops will result in blurred images.
You can shoot spectacular landscapes in foggy weather. The foggy impression can be enhanced by placing a rare silk mesh in front of the lens. To convey the depth of space, some dark object must be placed in the foreground in the frame.
WINTER LANDSCAPE
On bright, sunny days, the contrast of the landscape is very high, which is caused by the combination of dazzling highlights in the snow and, say, dark trees, especially conifers.
It is better to photograph a winter landscape in the morning or in the evening, when the oblique rays of the sun create elongated shadows - this enlivens the composition and well emphasizes the texture of the snow.
The snow in the winter shot should be well defined. Therefore, when photographing a landscape in which snow takes up most of the frame, the exposure is determined by measuring the brightness of the snow. If the snow and dark objects in the subject are of equal visual quality, the exposure is determined by their average brightness, but taking into account the greater elaboration of details in the snow compared to dark objects.
Composition
1. Rule of thirds
Good composition is an essential part of landscape photography, but it is also the most difficult task. There are a few "rules" to help you improve your composition, but you must constantly develop your "creative" eye to get decent shots.
The most common mistake aspiring photographers are placing the horizon line in the center of the frame - resulting in a static and unbalanced image. The first step in improving composition is shooting the landscape according to the rule of thirds. We have already considered it in our previous tutorials on composition, but it will not be superfluous to remind. It's very simple - mentally divide the frame into three parts horizontally. And shoot in 1/3 foreground, 2/3 sky or vice versa - 2/3 foreground, and 1/3 sky. In other words, create an asymmetrical composition.
Naturally, the rule of thirds will not be a panacea for all photographs, but you need to remember about it.
2. Foreground and perspective
One of the most effective ways to create a strong composition is to use a wide angle of view and place an object (flower, stone, etc.) in the foreground.This object, combined with the perspective enhanced by the wide-angle lens, will give a sense of depth.
The depth of field must be able to accommodate all objects. Therefore, it is recommended to set the aperture values to f / 11 or f / 16.
3. Other elements of the composition
There are many elements in nature that help create an expressive composition - the diagonals are the most influential of these. Use diagonal lines to draw the viewer's attention to the subject. If you take a closer look, you will see that everything around is subordinated to some guides. Look for guidelines and try to fit them into the composition.
Patterns (repeating shapes) and textures are other elements in the composition. It is not easy to see natural patterns in nature, but various textures are common: small particles of sand, tree bark, stones and many more interesting objects will help make the picture more interesting.
The main thing in the frame
Determine what will be the main thing in the frame. It can be a lonely tree, rock, mountain, picturesque forest, slope, road. Using the composition grid on the LCD monitor (in the viewfinder), divide the frame into thirds and position the main subject at the intersection of the vertical and horizontal grid lines.
Try to make sure that there are three shots in the picture: foreground, middle and far - this will make the landscape look more voluminous, and the space will be better conveyed. The foreground should be drawn clearly, in detail, the background may well be blurred, hidden by atmospheric haze.
Try not to make the landscape "empty". It is better to fill the empty space, if possible. In the sky, this filler can be clouds. In the foreground are shrubs, tall grass, stones, leaves, branches, animals.
Do not try to place everything that you see in one frame at once, get rid of the random and monotonous space that inexpressively fills most of the frame - water, sky, foliage. Leave only the most important, beautiful and interesting. Look for open spaces in the forest.
Too dense foliage, branches create variegation, small highlights and very thick shadows that look like "black dips" in the photograph - such pictures look worse than a carefully thought-out composition.
If you can't find the fill, crop the image to highlight the more interesting part of the landscape. You can walk a little and take different pictures - straight or at an angle, from the bottom point. Climb a hill, a slide, any structure - from there you can take a multi-dimensional spatial panoramic photo.
When choosing a subject, look for the main element of the landscape that will be accentuated, as well as the way in which the environment will emphasize and complement it. When composing your shot, make sure that the subject fits harmoniously with the subject. For example, a tree should not grow from the bottom of the frame - leave some space at the bottom; don't cut the mountain off the top, leave some "air".
When photographing a landscape, always pay attention to the fragments, because it is not at all necessary to shoot only general shots. A close look can highlight an interesting part of the landscape, beautiful and expressive details. But do not get carried away with strong zooming - here you need to preserve the integrity of the fragment, otherwise the image will end up with an abstract piece torn from the general plan, devoid of meaning.
Panorama
Finally, practice taking panoramas. Several rules should be followed here. All future shots of your panorama should have the same scale of the subject, so do not focus closer or further away from it. The aperture value should be kept constant. The frames need to be done with some overlap. Otherwise, due to the lack of information at the edges of the frames, the program for stitching panoramas will not be able to collect the final image.
You can use the bracketing function in your camera to avoid exposure errors.
Shooting water
If it is necessary to photograph water covered with ripples or a small wave, then it is removed with counter-lateral illumination at an angle of 35-45 ° to the optical axis of the lens.
Water against the light is photographed when rays from the sun, hidden by a cloud, strike the water, creating expressive shiny stripes. But care must be taken to keep the sun out of the field of view of the lens.
It is better to shoot the sea from a high point. Then the water space takes up a significant part of the frame, the photo is more expressive.
Surf is usually photographed from a low point with a shutter speed of at least 1/1000 s.
It is better to shoot flowing water with a short shutter speed. In this case, there is a slight blurring of the image, which creates the impression of water movement.
Mountain landscape
In the mountains, it is best to shoot early in the morning. During these hours, the air is transmitted most effectively. Cloudy weather also contributes to more expressive pictures.
On sunny days, the subject should be chosen with a dark foreground, the brightness of which determines the exposure. In this case, the distance will be somewhat overexposed and will appear on the print lighter than the foreground, which will emphasize the depth of space, fill the landscape with a feeling of air and spaciousness.
Side lighting is considered the best, since it emphasizes the shape of the mountains, and the haze illuminated by oblique rays creates the impression of depth. When the sun is behind the camera, the image becomes flat. When - from the front, the picture is very contrasty, details, especially in the foreground, disappear.
Photographing a mountain landscape during the day with a high sun position brings out details in the image without sufficient contrast.
When determining the exposure, it is necessary to take into account that the intensity of solar illumination increases with altitude in the mountains, and it acquires a different character than on the plain. With height, there is a decrease in the brightness of the shadows and an increase in the brightness of the light areas of the landscape. Therefore, when shooting a distance without a foreground, the shutter speed is reduced compared to shooting on flat terrain: at an altitude of 500 m by 1/4, 1000 m - by 1/2, 2000 m - by 3/4, 3000 m - by half.
To get glare on the surface of the glacier, you should photograph in backlight.
The main question of the topic: how to learn to see beautiful landscapes?
A beautiful landscape is based on the fact that the plot unites everything in the frame and subordinates the environment to a common idea - the author's thought, creating a certain mood, emotions, conclusions in the viewer.
I wish you success and everything photographic!
- a genre of fine art, the main task of which is to display the surrounding nature both in its original form, and in one changed by man to one degree or another. Since photography is a type of fine art, landscape photography fully complies with this definition. The main pictorial center of landscape photography is nature in all its manifestations.
Of course, landscape as a genre appeared long before the invention of photography - in painting. And honed for centuries artistic means images of the landscape formed a number of necessary conditions for this genre of photography. Linear perspective , tonal (aerial) perspective, optical perspective,frame composition , light space and color - these are the main characteristics of landscape photography, which can not only very accurately convey the state of the surrounding nature at a certain point in time, but also highlight semantic center picture without the use of additional manipulative techniques. And despite the fact that in landscape photography, the presence of people or animals in the frame is allowed, they are clearly assigned the role of staffage - an element of the landscape that exists to revive the image and plays a secondary role in this image.
In essence, landscape photography is documentary photography about nature. By the type of space depicted, landscape photography can be terrestrial, water, astronomical and meteorological. Terrestrial landscape photography depicts landscape, relief and vegetation, and it can be rural and urban.
Water landscape (seascape, marina) Is an image of the water (sea) element.
Astronomical landscape photography depicts the heavens (stars, constellations, the sun, the moon),
and meteorological - weather and precipitation (fog, rain, clouds, tornado, etc.).
By the way of depicting space, landscape photography can be camera and panoramic. In this case, camera photography does not imply a narrow circle of spectators, but expresses a purely technical characteristic - a small, narrow angle of view of the imaged space.
Panoramic landscape photography is the exact opposite - this is a photograph, the viewing angle of which can often exceed 180 degrees.
By the degree of perception by the viewer, the landscape can be, by analogy with music, minor or major. Tragic or solemn. Sad or cheerful. In solving this problem, the photographer comes to the rescue color theory, namely one of its sections - psychology of color... Knowing what colors and how they affect the mind of the viewer, the photographer can adjust color balance of the composition landscape to achieve a specific result. At the same time, in a landscape, not always cold shades can create an atmosphere of hostility, and warm ones - friendliness. Small colored vegetation against the background of black thunderclouds looks defenseless, and the picture as a whole evokes a feeling of anxiety, while the cold Elbrus evokes awe and delight in its grandeur.
Of course, several of the listed natural spaces and conditions can easily overlap in one shot at the same time, but in this case it will be important for a landscape photographer to decide what exactly is semantic center, and select this center with visual media — perspectives, compositions, Sveta, colors.
If there is no such center, then landscape photography is purely aesthetic, narrative-specific in nature and is used for decorative, scientific or journalistic purposes. Landscape photography belongs to the category of aesthetic perception. plein air- true reproduction in the image of nature of the colorful richness of color changes in natural conditions under the influence of sunlight and the atmosphere.
If there is still a semantic center in landscape photography, then such a landscape will be charged with emotional-dramatic (or epic) energy and will acquire features artistic landscape photography.
Along with the mandatory conditions for creating landscape photography, there are a number of conditions that are specific in nature - dynamism , foreshortening , detail. Considering that photography is a static and soundless form of fine art, it is in a landscape photo that it is most difficult to convey certain atmospheric phenomena with great accuracy. How to show a strong wind in a photograph of a desert? How to portray mountain giants more majestically? It is in these cases that the knowledge of the dynamics of the frame, the point of the shooting and the angle of view save the landscape photographer.
Widespread in our time has received tourist landscape photography... Not being essentially a separate genre, tourist landscape photography has become very popular due to both the availability of photographic equipment and the ability to visit the most remote corners of our planet.
The main feature of landscape photography is its accessibility. It does not require any decorations and stunts, it does not depend on the mood of the model and the preferences of the customer. It depends on the surrounding nature and weather conditions. And in this sense landscape photography unique. Whether it is a park or an alley within the city, or maybe a mountain range or a quiet surface of a lake outside of it - wherever you are, on vacation or on a business trip, in your own country or abroad, it is everywhere - nature is amazing a natural space capable of changing shape, content and color every minute, day after day, all year round, for millennia ... And even if a landscape photograph taken by you does not contain any semantic core, it will always be aesthetic, which means will always remind you of the essence and forms of beauty.
Articles
