Today, April 25, Marina Zhiyar, head of the handball department and director of the Institute for Scientific and Pedagogical Education, celebrates her birthday. She also serves on the Dissertation Council and the Comprehensive Handball Science Group. According to the birthday girl, the experience gained in playing sports helps her successfully switch from one activity to another. And once she came to handball just to get an exemption from school. In the “Hero of the Day” project, she talks about how her singing lessons at school were disrupted and how her pride in GTSOLIFK prevented her from drowning in Thailand.
Born in Nizhny Novgorod, which was then called Gorky. My parents live there, I go to them. And the city itself has changed and has become a little alien.
I went in for sports from the first grade- athletics, swimming, skiing, even in gymnastics accidentally came. Then they told me - no, girl, you are so tall, go play basketball. I went to volleyball, then basketball. In the class, they played basketball, football, hockey together.
Fooling around in full. Before singing lesson, we ran to the kiosk for ice cream, ate it and then, of course, sizzled when we were forced to solo. They did not have time to finish the ice cream, it melted, dripped from the desk ...
When we were called to sing in three, it began - some in the forest, some for firewood, some banging, some squeaking ... It was a lot of fun. We had a young teacher, and we, fifth-graders, tested her strength like that. They did not go to the choir stubbornly, because the songs were not quite suitable for the fourth or fifth grade, for example, "Buchenwald alarm" ... The head teacher caught us and took us by the hand to the choir singing.
I also went to a music club, played the accordion... My grandmother loved the song "Steppe and Steppe Around", my dog sang along, and I accompanied them. But the soul did not lie to the accordion. I wanted to play the violin, and my mother said - here's the accordion, we don't need to play here. And then I gave up music, there were enough other activities - in the morning I went to basketball, in the evening to track and field. Now I think it was necessary to reach some final level, to master a musical instrument better.
She was a link leader, then the chairman of a pioneer detachment. I remember well the solemn ceremony of admission to the Komsomol. Mom then cooked a festive dinner, on the way, as usual, I broke my knee, they gave me first aid, then congratulated ...
I read voraciously, re-read the entire school library. The librarian thought I was just taking the books and bringing them back. My favorites were "Two Captains" and "Timur and His Team", especially after watching the films. We tried to help all grandparents ...
She received her first instructions in sports from physical education teachers. In our school, physical education was taught very seriously, there were good teachers, and for the "five" it was necessary to work. And I was an excellent student, and getting a grade in physical education was not normal for me. Moreover, I ran and jumped on a par with the boys, I had only two rivals among the guys, and there were no competitors among the girls at all.
After the seventh grade, I was transferred to a class with advanced study of mathematics and physics.... It was a shock for me - all the new guys, from our school took only four excellent students, the rest were from other schools. The level was very high, after six months many excellent students became C-students and returned to their schools.
I came to handball by accident. The girl from the class called me to practice. At that time I went to basketball, I knew nothing about handball. But a classmate promised - if they take you, you will receive an exemption from lessons, and we will go to the competition. Taking time off was enough motivation to do anything ...
We came to practice, at first I did not like it terribly, because in handball, unlike basketball, it is allowed to push and block an opponent. I decided it was some kind of wild sport. But the coach liked me, and he offered me to switch to handball, since there was no adult basketball team as such, but here it was assumed that there would be a team. I came with a creak several times, then went to the competition. Later, there was interest, because there are more opportunities to prove yourself in handball than in basketball.
Immediately after school I went to work as a coach, I was given permission in the executive committee . She started working with kids, studied at the same time, performed in her team. My children played well and beat the children of famous coaches.
In Moscow for twenty years. Graduated from Lev Pavlovich Matveev at the State Center for Physical Culture and Sports, postgraduate studies at the Department of Theoretical and Methodological Foundations of Physical Culture and Sports, then doctoral studies and remained at the department.
She began teaching with Vladimir Pavlovich Filin. He lectured to correspondence students, and I conducted seminars. Most of the students were much older than me, I was very worried. So I prepared for these classes! She seemed to know everything, but I thought - suddenly they would ask me about something, but I won’t answer what a disgrace ... Although I read a lot and was an active athlete and coach, I had something to tell them.
It's especially hard to perform in front of large audienceswhere very different people are gathered, someone is not interested at all ... It was difficult to find a common language with everyone. But I tried to adapt the material for students of different directions.
I love my job and my students, I scold them sometimes, I try to educate them. Vladimir Pavlovich explained to me how to evaluate students. He said: "When you put a two, the student should understand what it is for and should be grateful to you." I was imbued with this idea, and even for deuces, which I rarely put, students sometimes say “Thank you” to me.
I live outside the city, in the village. I go there every day, traffic jams get tired, but what to do. I wake up at 5 in the morning, I'm already used to it. Sometimes I take my papers home to go to traffic jams and work at home in peace. I want peace, nature, silence. We are still finishing the house, then we will be engaged in landscape design. Last summer we tried the first berries from our own garden - raspberries, currants, blueberries, lingonberries ...
I spend my vacation actively. We walk in the mountains, pick mushrooms, sail on a boat. Once we were on a three-day cruise on Lake Geneva with an excursion, walked around the entire French coast, walked through all the castles.
During a trip to the Universiade with our teachers to Thailand I did two dives for the first time in my life , immediately to a decent depth - 19 meters. At first I was seasick on the steamer, on which we got to the dive point, but when I saw the underwater world, everything passed, there was only delight.
We swam there in August, this is no longer the season, there were big waves... But we are athletes! We swam in the waves, rescuers rushed along the shore and persuaded us to return. We sailed away, and it is very difficult to swim back, the underwater current pulls us back. It was impossible to be disgraced, otherwise they would say - from the RSUFKSMiT they came and drowned! She strained all her strength and swam to the shore.
Life credo... If you undertake to do something, you need to do it well. Or is it better not to take it at all. I also tune those who work with me to this.
SCIENCE TIME HOW TO ATTRACT STUDENTS TO PHYSICAL EDUCATION? Marina Golubyatnikova, Center for Pedagogical Education, Novokuznetsk Branch of the Institute ... "
SCIENCE TIME
HOW TO ATTRACT STUDENTS TO CLASSES
PHYSICAL EDUCATION?
Marina Golubyatnikova,
Center for Teacher Education
Novokuznetsk branch of the institute
Kemerovo State University,
Novokuznetsk
Email: [email protected]
Annotation Badminton is a new direction in the development of students' physical education. Its introduction into physical education classes of universities can become not only a solution to the issue of attracting students to physical education lessons, but also the health improvement of young people in general.
Key words: physical culture, health, physical condition, students, badminton, university, healthy lifestyle.
Recently, there has been a question about the modernization of the subject of physical culture based on the inclusion of additional sports in the curriculum for physical education, contributing to an increase in the physical activity of students in universities, an increase in the health-improving orientation of physical culture lessons, as well as sports that increase the intellectual activity of the younger generation, aimed at increasing interest in physical education and sports.
Currently, badminton is introduced into the curriculum for physical education at the expense of the third hour of physical education on the basis of the order of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation dated August 30, 2010 No. 889 "On Amendments to the Federal Basic Curriculum and Model Curricula for Educational Institutions Of the Russian Federation, implementing programs of general education, approved by order of the Ministry of Education of the Russian Federation dated March 9, 2004.
No. 1312 "On the approval of the federal basic curriculum and exemplary curricula for educational institutions of the Russian Federation implementing general education programs", as well as methodological recommendations of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation "On the introduction of the third hour of physical culture in the weekly
SCIENCE TIME
load of students of educational institutions of the Russian Federation ”.Physical culture in a higher educational institution is an integral part of the formation of a comprehensively developed student's personality. At the same time, it helps to optimize his physical and psychological condition.
Therefore, the topic of this work is very relevant, since it touches on two important problems: why students are reluctant to attend physical education lessons, how they can be interested in attending this subject. Many do not understand the importance of this activity. After all, exercise reduces depression and improves mood through the production of endorphins, the hormones of happiness. No matter how badly you feel before exercising, you will certainly have a more optimistic outlook on life after doing them.
So why do physical education classes remain secondary and unwanted, and one in four students imitates illness, deceives parents and teachers, and 15 percent forge a note asking them to be released.
The answers, in my opinion, are very simple and prosaic. These are, firstly, lack of confidence in their abilities (every third student surveyed said that they are ashamed of their figure), and secondly, lack of interest and motivation.
I see the solution to this problem in the introduction of such a method of conducting classes that would interest everyone - both girls and boys. I think that playing badminton can, at least not completely, but partially solve this issue.
In badminton, two important qualities are realized - play and benefit. According to sports experts, badminton has a number of advantages that can be successfully used in education - it is accessible, exciting, not difficult to learn at the initial level, and also contributes to general physical development, improved coordination of movements, and the development of intelligence.
In higher educational institutions, the massive development of badminton as a sport helps to solve the main problem facing the physical culture movement: to achieve physical perfection of students, strengthen their health, distract from addictions, instill healthy lifestyle skills.
All physical qualities - speed, flexibility, strength and endurance, as well as coordination - in harmonious combination with versatile creative thinking are developed and improved in this game.
Badminton is a very compact sport that does not require large financial costs for the purchase of playing equipment. The playground can be equipped in any, even the smallest, hall, yard or park. It can be carried out in the gym, subject to availability
SCIENCE TIME
appropriate conditions and in compliance with safety rules. It is also possible to conduct lessons of a combined type, for example, athletics badminton. It is allowed to conduct classes on teaching badminton in the autumn-spring period in the open air. This game captivates with its simplicity. After the first lesson, the student practically masters the basics of the game and can independently lead it.However, the more you play, the clearer the need to improve the game becomes. And it attracts. The activity of a badminton player has a beneficial effect on his anatomical and physiological structure. Simplicity, accessibility make it possible to practice badminton for students of any gender, different physiological training. Spectacularity, effective impact on the body predetermined the inclusion of this sport in the system of physical education of students in universities. The wide possibility of variability of the load allows the use of badminton as a rehabilitation tool in various groups of general physical training. It is also important to conduct competitions among students - this is not the definition of the best and the worst, but training and development of physical qualities.
They should logically continue and complement the educational process, increasing the time for mastering and improving the actions and exercises studied in the classroom.
Students need to be taught to play and compete.
No matter how much we teach them the elements of the game in the classroom, they will never learn if they do not participate in competitions. Students will understand the rules and subtleties of the game much better, feel more confident on the court and, which is very important, strive to play badminton whenever possible.
Participants of the competition are more serious about studying the technique and tactics of the game in the classroom, since competitive games allow them to understand why technical techniques should be performed in this way and not otherwise.
Why is it necessary to hold the racket in a certain way, and not the way you used to in the yard, etc.
Student competitions are a necessary and obligatory element of the educational process.
It should be noted that a kind of medical direction has emerged in badminton, since the shuttlecock game is used for medicinal purposes. So, in the Kislovodsk resort, badminton is widely used to treat people with cardiovascular diseases, metabolic and nervous system diseases. The advantages of this game are that it is very easy to gradually increase physical activity - from minimal to more thorough. This game is not
SCIENCE TIME
burdens patients, but brings joy. Probably, the one who invented this game was a good psychologist. Physiologists say that playing sports can help you grow up.The shuttlecock game is an excellent remedy for fatigue. Perfectly relieves stress. Tracking a fluttering shuttlecock is a useful exercise for the eyes.
As noted by the director of the Moscow Research Institute of Eye Diseases named after V.I. Gemgoltsa Vladimir Neroev, such a game as badminton is really an effective way of both prevention and treatment of eye diseases. “The problem is that you can achieve the desired healing effect, but you have to play often. And the benefits of playing in class once a week will be minimal. It makes sense to think about giving physical education lessons more often than once or twice a week. "
As a sport, it can also be recommended for people looking to lose extra pounds or just lose calories. To do this, they go in for shaping, aerobics, cross-country running, etc. These activities are boring enough and quickly get bored. In general, it is very difficult to force yourself to run regularly. But badminton is a very gambling and interesting game in which you need to move a lot. In the process of being carried away by the people themselves, they do not feel fatigue and the fact that they are losing extra pounds. It is important to note here that all the difficulties associated with physical activity are relegated to the background of psychological emotions and experiences caused by the game itself.
Badminton is a very democratic sport. It can be practiced at any age. Of course, you cannot achieve serious success in professional sports, but you can significantly raise the level of the game, since mastering the technical elements is available to everyone.
This game is one of the most popular games. There is hardly a family in which there would be no rackets and shuttlecocks. Almost everyone has ever touched these sports equipment. It is an open source and rewarding game.
So, we can conclude that badminton is a new direction in the development of physical education of students. Its introduction into physical education classes of universities can become not only a solution to the issue of attracting students to physical education lessons, but also the health improvement of young people in general.
Task 31
Example number | |
Task 32
Example number | |
Option 1
29. Using the content of the text "Beekeeping", answer the following questions.
BEEKEEPING
From time immemorial, the bee became a domestic animal of a person who provided the bee family with a suitable room for it and in return used the products it delivered: honey, wax and healing bee glue - propolis. Honey replaced our present sugar, and wax provided the best candle material at the time.
In ancient times, man provided bees with only the hollows of forest trees, where the bee colony settled. Such hollows were called "borti", and this primitive method of beekeeping was called beekeeping. When honey was extracted in this way, bee colonies were destroyed.
Later, as the forests were cleared, beekeepers, instead of the previous beekeeping, began to organize special sites - apiaries, where bees were provided with special hives in the form of hollowed-out nests or decks resembling a hollow of a tree. In essence, these old hives were not much different from the bee, and the inner life of the bee colony remained invisible to the beekeeper. The beekeeper did not know the lifestyle of the domesticated animal he was dealing with. A man could not direct the activities of bees at his own discretion, but, extracting combs with honey from the hive, he simply robbed the bees, producing huge devastation in the bee colony. This method of beekeeping did not allow the extraction of honey and wax on an industrial scale, since often bee colonies did not survive after collecting honey.
Therefore, at the beginning of the 19th century, a collapsible frame hive was constructed, consisting of a box into which frames for honeycombs are inserted. It allowed the use of bee products without harming the population of the hive, as frames filled with honey and sealed with wax were replaced with empty ones. Honey and wax were extracted without causing significant harm to the bee family, and the process of producing bee products became continuous. Special glazed hives, with the help of which it was possible to observe the activity of bees, made it possible to create a scientifically grounded doctrine of the vital activity of bees - beekeeping.
1) What is the name of the type of hive in the form of hollowed-out hollows, resembling a hollow of a tree?
2) What type of hives is it possible to maximize the size of the bee colony?
3) What beekeeping products not named in the text are used by modern man? (Name one product.)
30. Using the table "Approximate daily water exchange of a person", answer the following questions.
table
Approximate daily water exchange of a person (in l)
1) How much fluid does the human body consume during the day?
2) In the composition of what substances is water excreted from the body?
3) Why is the amount of incoming water slightly less than the amount of water excreted from the body?
31. Using the data in the tables (p. 11-12), complete the task:
Student of the Institute of Physical Education Marina is engaged in equestrian sports. Every day after college, she goes horseback riding for 95 minutes. After training, the girl comes to a fast food restaurant for a bite to eat. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the student the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina always orders an omelet with ham.
Please indicate in your answer: the athlete's energy consumption, recommended meals that should not be repeated; the amount of proteins; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption during training.
32. Why should a person limit their sugar intake? Give at least two arguments
Assessment criteria for assignments option 1.
Task 29
Points |
|
elements: Answer to the first question. 1) Decks. The answer to the second question. 2) Collapsible frame. Answer to the third question. 3) bee venom or royal milk | |
The answer includes the three elements mentioned above, does not contain biological errors | |
The answer includes two of the above elements and does not contain biological errors. The answer includes the three elements mentioned above, but contains non-gross biological errors | |
The answer includes one of the above elements and does not contain biological errors. The answer includes two of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors | |
Wrong answer | |
Maximum score |
Task 30
Points |
|
The correct answer should contain the following the elements: 2) Urine, feces, exhaled air, sweat. 3) The table does not include metabolic water | |
The correct answer includes all the listed elements and does not contain biological errors. | |
The answer includes two of the above elements and does not contain biological errors. The answer includes three of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors | |
The answer includes one of the above elements and does not contain biological errors. The answer includes two of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors | |
Wrong answer | |
Maximum score |
Task 31
Points |
|
The following are correct. response elements: Energy consumption during training - 618 kcal. Ordered dishes: omelet with ham, Caesar salad, tea without sugar. The amount of proteins - 35 g; calorie content ordered | |
The energy consumption during training is indicated correctly, the ordered menu is shown, the protein content and calorie content of lunch are indicated | |
Energy consumption during training is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the calorie task; the calorie content of lunch and the protein content are indicated, but the menu does not take into account the requirement that it should include an omelet with ham. Energy consumption during training is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the task, but the calorie content of lunch and / or protein content is not indicated or indicated incorrectly | |
Only energy consumption during training is correct. | |
Wrong answer | |
Maximum score |
Task 32
Students' answers to assignments option 1
Body temperature, ºС%losses
in weight
during
activity
during
hibernation
during
activity
during
hibernation
Hedgehog 75 25 35.5 3.1 31.2
Bat 420 16 37.5 2.6 33.5
Hamster 175 13 38.5 4.5 35
Yellow gopher
225 12 37.0 1.4 43 1) Does the body temperature of animals fall below 0 ºС during hibernation?
2) Which of the listed animals normally spends more energy during the period of their activity?
3) Which of the listed animals is most likely to lose weight during hibernation and why?
31.
Svetlana, a student of a theater school, always monitors her figure and does rhythmic gymnastics in a fitness club three times a week. After an hour and a half lesson, Svetlana goes to a fast food restaurant to have a snack. Using the data in tables 1 and 2, offer the girl the optimal calorie menu from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption during an hour and a half lesson. When choosing, please note that
Svetlana chooses dishes with the least amount of carbohydrates and drinks tea without sugar.
Indicate in your answer: energy consumption during gymnastics; ordered meals that should not be repeated; calorie content of lunch and the amount of carbohydrates in it.
32. What is dietary fiber? Why is dietary fiber good for the body?
55
Evaluation criteria for assignments in option 2.
Task 29
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
Answer to the first question.
1) The formation of continents near the equator and the creation of small coastal areas.
The answer to the second question.
2) Tissues and organs; independence of reproduction from water; seed formation.
Answer to the third question.
3) Armored fish - bony fish - cross-finned fish - amphibians - the first reptiles (cotylosaurus) - modern reptiles.
3
OR
2
OR
1
OR
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
Task 30
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
Points
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
1) The body temperature of animals does not drop below 0 ºС.
2) The bat spends more energy.
3) Gophers live in steppes and semi-deserts. In droughts, food ends in summer, so they hibernate already at this time of the year and sleep until next spring.
56
3
OR
The answer includes three of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors
2
OR
1
Wrong answer 0
Maximum score
3
Task 31
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
Energy consumption during gymnastics - 585 kcal.
Ordered meals: Caesar salad, country style potatoes and tea without sugar.
The calorie content of the ordered lunch is 565 kcal; amount of carbohydrates - 53 g
Energy consumption during gymnastics is indicated correctly; the ordered menu is shown, the calorie content of the lunch and the carbohydrate content in it are indicated
3
Energy consumption during gymnastics is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the calorie task; the calorie content of the lunch and the carbohydrate content are indicated, but the menu does not take into account the requirement that it should include tea without sugar.
OR
Energy consumption during gymnastics is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the task, but the calorie content of lunch and / or the content of carbohydrates is not indicated or indicated incorrectly
2
Only the energy consumption, the time of gymnastics, is indicated correctly
1
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
57
Task 32
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The response must include the following elements:
1.
Fibers are indigestible components of plant cell membranes (fiber).
2. Any of the following arguments can be given:
- fibers bind some toxic substances and bile acids;
- fibers reduce cholesterol and blood glucose levels;
- fibers stimulate the excretion of bile, normalize the functioning of the biliary tract
The answer includes the above two elements, does not contain biological errors
2
The answer includes one of the above elements, OR the answer includes the two elements mentioned above, but contains non-gross biological errors
1
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
2
58
Student # 5
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
59
Student # 6
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
60
Standards for assessments of experts on the work of option 2
Student # 5
Job number
Score
29 2 30 2 31 0 32 0
Student # 6
Job number
Score
29 2 30 3 31 2 32 1
61
Option 3
29.
Using the content of the text "The structure of the stem of a woody plant", answer the following questions.
STRUCTURE OF THE STEM OF THE WOODEN PLANT
The stem of a woody plant is protected from the outside by integumentary tissues.
In young stems, the cells of the integumentary tissue are covered with a thin skin in spring. In perennial plants, by the end of the first year of life, the skin is replaced by a multilayer cork consisting of dead cells filled with air. For respiration, young shoots have stomata in the skin, and later lenticels are formed - large, loosely located cells with large intercellular spaces.
The bark formed by different tissues is adjacent to the integumentary tissue.
The outer part of the cortex is represented by layers of mechanical tissue cells with thickened membranes and thin-walled cells of the main tissue.
The inner part of the cortex is formed by cells of mechanical and conductive tissue and is called bast. The bast contains sieve tubes, through which a descending current flows: organic matter moves from the leaves. Sieve tubes are made up of cells connected at their ends to form a long tube. There are small holes between adjacent cells.
Organic substances move through them, like through a sieve. In addition to sieve tubes, the bast contains bast fibers and cells of the main tissue.
To the center of the bast in the stem is another layer - wood. It consists of vessels and wood fibers. An ascending current flows through the vessels: water with substances dissolved in it moves from the roots to the leaves and flowers. Between wood and bast there is a thin layer of educational tissue cells - cambium. As a result of cell division of the cambium, the stem grows in thickness. Cambium cells divide along their axis. One of the daughter cells goes to the wood, the other to the bast.
In the center of the stem lies a thick layer of loose cells of the main tissue, in which stores of nutrients are deposited - this is the core.
1) What is bast?
2) What are the similarities and differences in the functioning of the sieve tubes and blood vessels?
3) On the stump of the cut tree, it was found that the core is not in the center of the saw cut, but is displaced. On one side, the layer of wood is thicker, and on the other, thinner. How can this phenomenon be explained?
30.
Using the table "Comparative composition of blood plasma, primary and secondary urine of the human body", answer the following questions.
62
table
Comparative composition of blood plasma, primary and secondary urine
the human body (in%)
Compound substances
Plasma
blood
Primary
urine
Secondary
urine
Proteins, fats 7-9
Missing
Missing
Glucose 0.1 0.1
Missing
Sodium (in the composition of salts) 0.3 0.3 0.4
Chlorine (in the composition of salts) 0.37 0.37 0.7
Potassium (in the composition of salts) 0.02 0.02 0.15
Urea 0.03 0.03 2.0
Uric acid 0.004 0.004 0.05 1) The concentration of which substance increases maximally as the blood plasma turns into secondary urine?
2) What substances and why are absent in the primary urine of a healthy person?
31.
Using the data in the tables (p. 11-12), complete the task:
Student of the Institute of Physical Education Marina is engaged in equestrian sports.
Every day after college, she goes horseback riding for 95 minutes.
After training, the girl comes to a fast food restaurant for a bite to eat.
Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the student the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina always orders an omelet with ham.
In your answer, indicate: the athlete's energy consumption, recommended meals that should not be repeated; the amount of proteins; the calorie content of lunch, which should not exceed energy consumption during training.
32.
Why should a person limit their sugar intake?
Give at least two arguments
63
Evaluation criteria for assignments in option 3.
Task 29
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
Answer to the first question.
1) Bast is the inner part of the cortex, formed by mechanical and conductive tissues.
The answer to the second question.
2) The similarity is that both sieve tubes and vessels are capable of conducting water and substances dissolved in it. The difference is that a solution of organic substances from the leaves moves through the sieve tubes, and mineral substances dissolved in water from the root move through the vessels.
Answer to the third question.
3) This is due to the illumination of the tree trunk: from the illuminated side, the cells of the wood are larger than from the unlit side.
Therefore, the layer of wood becomes thicker on one side than on the other.
The correct answer contains all the listed elements in the absence of biological errors
3
The answer contains two of the above elements in the absence of biological errors.
OR
The answer contains three of the above elements in the presence of non-gross biological errors
2
The answer contains one of the above elements in the absence of biological errors.
OR
The answer contains two of the above elements in the presence of non-gross biological errors
1
The answer contains one of the above elements in the presence of non-gross biological errors.
OR
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
Task 30
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
64
The correct answer should contain the following elements:
1) Urea.
2) Proteins, fats.
3) Their absence is due to the peculiarity of filtration in the capsules of the nephrons. Large molecules of these substances are retained by the cells of the nephron.
Organic substances are important for the vital functions of the body
The correct answer includes all the listed elements and does not contain biological errors.
3
The answer includes two of the above elements and does not contain biological errors.
OR
The answer includes three of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors
2
The answer includes one of the above elements and does not contain biological errors.
OR
The answer includes two of the above elements, but contains non-gross biological errors
1
Wrong answer 0
Maximum score
3
Task 31
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The following response elements are correct:
Energy consumption during training - 618 kcal.
Ordered dishes: omelet with ham, Caesar salad, tea without sugar.
The amount of proteins - 35 g; the calorie content of the ordered lunch - 600 kcal
The energy consumption during training is indicated correctly, the ordered menu is shown, the protein content and calorie content of lunch are indicated
3
Energy consumption during training is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the calorie task; the calorie content of lunch and the protein content are indicated, but the menu does not take into account the requirement that it should include an omelet with ham.
OR
Energy consumption during training is indicated correctly; a menu is shown that corresponds to the condition of the task, but the calorie content of lunch and / or protein content is not indicated or indicated incorrectly
2
Only energy consumption during workout 1 is correct.
65
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
3
Task 32
Correct answer content and grading guidelines
(other formulations of the answer are allowed that do not distort its meaning)
Points
The response must include the following arguments:
1. Excess sugar leads to metabolic disorders such as obesity.
2. Excess sugar can ultimately lead to the development of diabetes
The answer includes the above two arguments, does not contain biological errors
2
The answer includes one of the above arguments, OR the answer includes two of the above arguments, but contains non-gross biological errors
1
Wrong answer
0
Maximum score
2
66
Student # 7
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
67
Student # 8
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
68
Student # 9
Expert Points:
Job number
Score
29 30 31 32
69
Standards for assessments of experts on the work of option 3
Student # 7
Job number
Score
29 2 30 3 31 3 32 2
Student # 8
Job number
Score
29 2 30 2 31 3 32 2
Student # 9
Job number
Score
29 1 30 0 31 0 32 0
70
Option 4
29.
Using the content of the text "Beekeeping", answer the following questions.
BEEKEEPING
From time immemorial, the bee became a domestic animal of a person who provided the bee family with a suitable room for it and in return used the products it delivered: honey, wax and healing bee glue - propolis. Honey replaced our present sugar, and wax provided the best candle material at the time.
In ancient times, man provided bees with only the hollows of forest trees, where the bee colony settled. Such hollows were called "borti", and this primitive method of beekeeping was called beekeeping. When honey was extracted in this way, bee colonies were destroyed.
Later, as the forests were cleared, beekeepers, instead of the previous beekeeping, began to organize special sites - apiaries, where bees were provided with special hives in the form of hollowed-out nests or decks resembling a hollow of a tree. In essence, these old hives were not much different from the bee, and the inner life of the bee colony remained invisible to the beekeeper. The beekeeper did not know the lifestyle of the domesticated animal he was dealing with. A man could not direct the activities of bees at his own discretion, but, extracting combs with honey from the hive, he simply robbed the bees, producing huge devastation in the bee colony.
This method of beekeeping did not allow the extraction of honey and wax on an industrial scale, since often bee colonies did not survive after collecting honey.
Therefore, at the beginning of the 19th century, a collapsible frame hive was constructed, consisting of a box into which frames for honeycombs are inserted. It allowed the use of bee products without harming the population of the hive, as frames filled with honey and sealed with wax were replaced with empty ones. Honey and wax were extracted without causing significant harm to the bee family, and the process of producing bee products became continuous. Special glazed hives, with the help of which it was possible to observe the activity of bees, made it possible to create a scientifically grounded doctrine of the vital activity of bees - beekeeping.
1)
What type of hive allowed to partially save the bee colony?
2)
What device did the beehive have?
3)
Why is a collapsible frame hive more cost-effective than a deck hive?
30.
Using the Partridge Survival table, answer the following questions.
71
table
"Partridge Survival"
(according to Schwerdpfeger, with simplifications)
Age,
the years
Number of individuals
Mortality,
%
Proportion of females
in the population
alive to the top
age
dead
in this
age
0 1000 850 85 0.50 2 112 31 28 0.46 4 57 18 32 0.32 6 26 9 35 0.23 8 11 4 35 0.27 10 5 2 35 0.20 12 2 1 50 0 13 1 1 100 0 1) How does mortality (in%) of partridges change in the interval of 4–10 years?
2) How can one explain the high mortality rate of partridges in the first year of life, if it is known that they nest on the ground and are sedentary birds of most of the territory of Russia, up to Altai and the Ob River? Give two explanations.
Assignments 32
32 ... Which part of the nervous system regulates fat metabolism? How is this regulation ensured?
Option 1
29. Using the content of the text "Beekeeping", answer the following questions.
BEEKEEPING
From time immemorial, the bee became a domestic animal of a person who provided the bee family with a suitable room for it and in return used the products it delivered: honey, wax and healing bee glue - propolis. Honey replaced our present sugar, and wax provided the best candle material at the time.
In ancient times, man provided bees with only the hollows of forest trees, where the bee colony settled. Such hollows were called "borti", and this primitive method of beekeeping was called beekeeping. When honey was extracted in this way, bee colonies were destroyed.
Later, as the forests were cleared, beekeepers, instead of the previous beekeeping, began to organize special sites - apiaries, where bees were provided with special hives in the form of hollowed-out nests or decks resembling a hollow of a tree. In essence, these old hives were not much different from the bee, and the inner life of the bee colony remained invisible to the beekeeper. The beekeeper did not know the lifestyle of the domesticated animal he was dealing with. A man could not direct the activities of bees at his own discretion, but, extracting combs with honey from the hive, he simply robbed the bees, producing huge devastation in the bee colony. This method of beekeeping did not allow the extraction of honey and wax on an industrial scale, since often bee colonies did not survive after collecting honey.
Therefore, at the beginning of the 19th century, a collapsible frame hive was constructed, consisting of a box into which frames for honeycombs are inserted. It allowed the use of bee products without harming the population of the hive, as frames filled with honey and sealed with wax were replaced with empty ones. Honey and wax were extracted without causing significant harm to the bee family, and the process of producing bee products became continuous. Special glazed hives, with the help of which it was possible to observe the activity of bees, made it possible to create a scientifically grounded doctrine of the vital activity of bees - beekeeping.
1) What is the name of the type of hive in the form of hollowed-out hollows, resembling a hollow of a tree?
2) What type of hives is it possible to maximize the size of the bee colony?
3) What beekeeping products not named in the text are used by modern man? (Name one product.)
30. Using the table "Approximate daily water exchange of a person", answer the following questions.
= Table
Approximate daily water exchange of a person (in l)
1) How much fluid does the human body consume during the day?
2) In the composition of what substances is water excreted from the body?
3) Why is the amount of incoming water slightly less than the amount of water excreted from the body?
31. Using the data in the tables (p. 11-12), complete the task:
Student of the Institute of Physical Education Marina is engaged in equestrian sports. Every day after college, she goes horseback riding for 95 minutes. After training, the girl comes to a fast food restaurant for a bite to eat. Using the data in Tables 1 and 2, offer the student the menu that is optimal in terms of calorie content, with the maximum protein content from the list of proposed dishes and drinks in order to compensate for the energy consumption of the workout. When choosing, keep in mind that Marina always orders an omelet with ham.
