In the hadith of the noble Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) it is said: “Whoever loves me loves Allah. And whoever obeys me obeys Allah.” Therefore, we should know well the life story of our beloved Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him).
Ancestors of Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him)
The ancestors of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) from his father's side were: Abdullah, then Abdulmuttalib, Hashim, Abdumanaf, Kusayu, Kilab, Murrat, Kaaba, Luayu, Ghalib, Fihr, Malik, Nazar, Keenanat, Khuzaymat, Mudrikat, Ilyas, Muzar, Nizar, Muaaddi, Adnan.
The mother of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) was Aminat - the daughter of Wahb, the son of Abdumanaf, the son of Zuhrat, the son of Kilab. On Kilab, the genealogy of the father and mother of our Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) converges.
Brothers of the Father of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
The father of the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) Abdullah had 11 brothers: Haris, Kusam, Zubair, Khamzat, Abbas, Abu Talib, Abu Lahab, Abdul Kaaba, hajl, Zirar, Gaidak. Two of them converted to Islam Khamzat And Abbas.
Sisters of the Father of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
The father of the Messenger (peace and blessings be upon him) had six sisters: Bayza, Barrat, Atikat, Safiyat, Arva, Umaimat. Of these, Islam was accepted by Safiyat and Atikat. There are scholars who claim that Arwa also converted to Islam.
Children of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
The Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) had seven children - four daughters and three sons. Let's list them by seniority:
Qasim, Zainab, Rukia, Fatima, Ummu Kulthum, Abdullah, Ibrahim.
The first six children of Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) were born by Khadija, the mother of Ibrahim was Mariyat. All of his children except Fatima predeceased him.
Dairy brothers and sisters of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Dairy brothers of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him): Masruh, Hamza bin Abdulmuttalib, Abu Salama bin Abdulasad al-Mahzumi (the last two were fed by Suwayba four years before the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)), Abdullah bin al-Harith, whose mother was Halim al-Saadiya.
Dairy sisters: Khuzafa, Anisat bint al-Harith. Both of them were also daughters of Halima. (“Uyunul-asar”, vol. 1, p. 90; “Ar-Ravzul-unf”, vol. 1, p. 186).
Names of the nurses of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
The Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) was breastfed by his mother Aminat and nurses: Suwaybat, Havlat (daughter of Munzir), Umm Ayman, Halimat (from the tribe of Saad), three women named Atikat.
Wives of the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him)
Khadija, Savdat, Aisha, Hafsat, Ummu Salma, Ummu Habiba, Safiya, Zainab bint Jahsh, Maymuna, Raykhanat, Havlat, Zainab bint Khuzayma, Mariyat.
The names of the companions who, during their lifetime, were congratulated on the upcoming paradise
Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, Ali, Talhat, Zubair, Saadu, Said, Abu Ubaidah, Abdurrahman bin Awf. In addition to them, the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) delighted with the news of the upcoming paradise: Khadija - the mother of the faithful, his daughter Fatima, Hasan, Hussein, Ibnu Masud, Ukamat and others.
May the Almighty endow us all with sincere love for the Prophet Muhammad (peace and blessings be upon him) and help us follow him in everything and please us with a meeting with him in paradise. Amine!
The Prophet Muhammad was born in Mecca around 570 or 571. Muhammad's father died shortly before his birth, and when the boy was 6 years old, he lost his mother. Two years later, Muhammad's grandfather, who had taken care of him as a father, died. Young Muhammad was raised by his uncle Abu Talib.
At the age of 12, Muhammad, together with his uncle, went on business to Syria, and plunged into the atmosphere of spiritual quest associated with Judaism, Christianity, and other religions. Muhammad was a camel driver, then a merchant.
When he was 21 years old, he got a job as a clerk with a wealthy widow, Khadija. Being engaged in trading affairs of Khadija, he visited many places and everywhere showed interest in local customs and beliefs. At 25, he married his mistress. The marriage was happy. But Muhammad was attracted to spiritual quests. He went into deserted gorges and alone plunged into deep contemplation.
In 610, in the cave of Mount Hira, the angel Jabrail, sent by Allah, appeared to Muhammad with the first verses of the Koran, who ordered him to memorize the text of the revelation and called him "the Messenger of Allah." Starting to preach among loved ones, Muhammad gradually expanded the circle of adherents. He called his fellow tribesmen to monotheism, to a righteous life, observance of the commandments in preparation for the coming judgment of God, spoke about the omnipotence of Allah, who created man, everything living and inanimate on earth. He perceived his mission as an assignment from Allah, and called biblical characters his predecessors: Musa (Moses), Yusuf (Joseph), Zakaria (Zechariah), Isa (Jesus). A special place in the sermons was given to Ibrahim (Abraham), who was recognized as the forefather of the Arabs and Jews and the first to preach monotheism. Muhammad declared that his mission was to restore Abraham's faith.
The aristocracy of Mecca saw in his sermons a threat to their power and organized a conspiracy against Muhammad. Upon learning of this, the companions of the prophet persuaded him to leave Mecca and move to the city of Yathrib (Medina) in 622. Some of his associates had already settled there. It was in Medina that the first Muslim community was formed, strong enough to attack the caravans coming from Mecca. These actions were perceived as the punishment of the Meccans for the expulsion of Muhammad and his companions, and the funds received went to the needs of the community. Subsequently, the ancient pagan sanctuary of the Kaaba in Mecca was declared a Muslim shrine, and from that time on, Muslims began to pray, turning their eyes to Mecca. The inhabitants of Mecca itself did not accept the new faith for a long time, but Mohammed managed to convince them that Mecca would retain its status as a major commercial and religious center. Shortly before his death, the prophet visited Mecca, where he broke all the pagan idols that stood around the Kaaba.
Name: Prophet Muhammad
Age: 62 years old
Activity: prophet, merchant, politician
Family status: was married
Prophet Muhammad: biography
Muhammad is an Arab preacher of monotheism, the founder and central figure of the religion of Islam, the prophet of Muslims. According to Islamic beliefs, Allah revealed to Muhammad the holy scripture - the Quran.
The Messenger of Allah was born in Mecca on April 22, 571. The arrival of a special child to Muhammad's mother was announced by an angel who came in a dream. The birth of the prophet was accompanied by amazing events. The throne of the king of the Persians Kisra shuddered under the ruler as from the shock of an earthquake. 14 balconies collapsed in the royal hall. The boy appeared circumcised. Those present at the birth saw the newborn raise its head and lean on its hands.
Mohammed belonged to the Quraish tribe, considered by the Arabs as an elite. The family of the future preacher of the Koran belonged to the Hashemites, a clan named after the great-grandfather of Muhammad - Hashim, a wealthy Arab who was honored to feed the pilgrims. The father of the prophet Abdollah is the grandson of the powerful Hashim, but he did not amass wealth like his grandfather. The small merchant barely earned his family food. The father did not see the son who became the greatest prophet - he died before the birth of Muhammad.
At the age of 6, the boy became an orphan - Amina, Muhammad's mother, died. The woman temporarily gave her son to be raised by the Bedouin Halima, who lived in the desert. The orphaned boy was taken in by his grandfather, but soon Mohammed ended up in his uncle's house. Abu Talib was a kind but extremely poor man. The nephew had to take up work early and learn how to earn a living. For a penny, little Mohammed grazed goats and sheep belonging to wealthy Meccans and picked berries in the desert.
At the age of 12, the teenager first plunged into the atmosphere of spiritual quest: together with his uncle, Muhammad traveled to Syria, where he got acquainted with the religious movements of Judaism, Christianity, and other beliefs. He worked as a camel driver, then became a merchant, but questions of faith did not leave the guy. When Mohammed turned 20, he was taken as a clerk in the house of a widowed woman, Khadija. The young man, carrying out the instructions of the hostess, traveled around the country, was interested in local customs and beliefs of the tribes.
Khadija, being 15 years older than Muhammad, offered the 25-year-old boy to marry her, which the woman's father did not like, but she was stubborn. The young clerk got married, the marriage turned out to be happy, he loved and respected Khadija. Marriage brought prosperity to Muhammad. He devoted his free time to the main thing, to which he was attracted from a young age - spiritual quests. Thus began the biography of the prophet and preacher.
preaching
The biography of the main Muslim prophet says that Muhammad moved away from the world and fuss, plunging into contemplation and meditation. He liked to retire in deserted gorges. In 610, when Muhammad was in the cave of Mount Hira, the archangel Gabriel (Jibril) appeared to him. He called the young man a messenger of Allah and ordered to memorize the first revelations (verses of the Koran).
History says that the circle of followers of Muhammad, who preached after meeting with Gabriel, constantly grew. The preacher called his fellow tribesmen to a righteous life, urged them to observe the commandments of Allah and prepare for the coming judgment of God. The Prophet Muhammad said that the Almighty God (Allah) created man, and with him all living and non-living things on earth.
The Messenger of Allah called Musa (Moses), Yusuf (Joseph), Zakaria (Zachariah), Isa () as predecessors. But a special place in Muhammad's sermons was given to Ibrahim (Abraham). He called him the forefather of the Arabs and Jews and the first to preach monotheism. Muhammad saw his mission in restoring the faith of Ibrahim.
The aristocrats of Mecca saw Muhammad's sermons as a threat to power and plotted against him. Companions persuaded the prophet to leave the dangerous land and move to Medina for a while. He did just that. Hundreds of companions moved to Medina (Yasrib) in 622 after the preacher, forming the first Muslim community.
The community grew stronger and, as a punishment to the Meccans for having expelled the preacher and his associates, attacked the caravans leaving Mecca. The funds from the robbery were directed to the needs of the community.
In 630, the previously persecuted prophet Muhammad returned to Mecca, solemnly entering the holy city 8 years after the exile. Merchant Mecca met the prophet with crowds of admirers from all over Arabia. Mohammed's procession through the streets was majestic. The Prophet, dressed in simple clothes and a black turban, sitting on a camel, was accompanied by tens of thousands of pilgrims.
The saint entered Mecca as a pilgrim, not a triumphant. He walked around the holy places, performed rituals and offered sacrifices. 7 times the Prophet Muhammad traveled around the Kaaba and touched the sacred Black Stone as many times. In the Kaaba, the preacher announced that "there is no God but the one Allah," and ordered the destruction of 360 idols that stood in the temple.
The surrounding tribes did not immediately accept Islam. After bloody wars and thousands of human casualties, they recognized the Prophet Muhammad and accepted the Koran. Mohammed soon became the ruler of Arabia and created a powerful Arab state. When Muhammad's proteges and commanders appeared in Mecca, he returned to Medina, visiting the grave of his mother Amina. But the prophet's joy at the triumph of Islam was overshadowed by the news of the death of the only son of Ibrahim, on whom his father had placed his hopes.
The sudden death of his son crippled the preacher's health. He, sensing the approach of death, again moved to Mecca to pray for the last time in the Kaaba. Hearing about the intentions of the prophet and wanting to pray with him, 10 thousand pilgrims gathered in Mecca. The Prophet Muhammad traveled around the Kaaba on a camel and sacrificed animals. With a heavy heart, the pilgrims listened to the words of Muhammad, realizing that they were listening to him for the last time.
In Islam, for believers, the name is endowed with sacred meaning. Muhammad is translated as "worthy of praise", "praised". In the Qur'an, the name of the prophet is repeated four times, in other cases, Muhammad is called Nabi ("prophet"), Rasul ("messenger"), Abd ("servant of God"), Shahid ("witness") and several other names. The full name of the Prophet Muhammad is long: it includes the names of all his ancestors in the male line, starting with Adam. Believers call the preacher Abul-Qasim.
The day of the Prophet Muhammad - Mawlid al-Nabi - is celebrated on the 12th day of the third month of the Islamic lunar calendar, Rabi al-awwal. Muhammad's birthday is the third most honored date for Muslims. The first and second places are occupied by the holidays of Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha. During his lifetime, the prophet celebrated only them.
The descendants celebrate the day of the Prophet Muhammad with prayers, good deeds, stories about the miracles of the saint. The birthday of the prophet became a holiday 300 years after the advent of Islam. The life story of Mohammed (Mohammed, Mohammed, Mohammed) is sung in the book of the Azerbaijani writer Huseyn Javid. The drama is called The Prophet.
More than a dozen films have been made about the central figure of Islam. In the mid-1970s, Mustafa Akkad's American-Arabic film The Message (Muhammad the Messenger of God) was released. In 2008, viewers saw the 30-episode series "The Moon of Hashim", filmed by film studios in Jordan, Syria, Sudan and Lebanon. About the life and character of the saint, the film "Muhammad - the Messenger of the Almighty" directed by Majid Majidi was shot, which premiered in 2015.
Personal life
Khadija surrounded the young husband with maternal care. Muhammad, freed from the hassle and business affairs, devoted his time to religion. The union with Khadija was generous for children, but the sons died. After the death of his beloved wife, Muhammad repeatedly married, but the number of wives of the prophet's sources are different. Some indicate 15, others indicate 23, of which Muhammad had physical relations with 13.
The British Arabist and professor at the University of Edinburgh William Montgomery Watt, in his works on the history of Islam, reveals the reason for the different number of wives of the prophet: the tribes, claiming family ties with the saint, attributed wives to Muhammad. The Prophet Muhammad entered into marriages before the Qur'anic prohibition allowing marriage four times.
Researchers agree that the prophet had 13 wives. Heading the list is Khadija bint Khuwaylid, who married Muhammad against her parents' will. Historians claim that none of the subsequent wives of the prophet took the place in his heart that went to Khadija.
Of the 12 wives who appeared after the first, Aisha bint Abu Bakr is called the beloved. This is the third wife of the Prophet Muhammad. Aisha is the daughter of the caliph, she is called the greatest of the seven scholars of Islam of her time.
All the children of the prophet, except for the son of Ibrahim, were born by Khadija. She gave her husband seven offspring, but the boys died in infancy. Muhammad's daughters lived to see the start of their father's prophetic mission, converted to Islam and moved from Mecca to Medina. All except Fatima died before their father. Daughter Fatima died six months after the death of the great father.
Death
The health of the Prophet Muhammad deteriorated after the farewell Hajj to Medina. The Messenger of Allah, having gathered the remaining strength, visited the graves of the martyrs and performed the funeral prayer. Returning to Medina, the prophet retained a clear mind and memory until the last day. He said goodbye to relatives and followers, asked for forgiveness, distributed his savings to the poor and released the slaves. The fever intensified, and on the night of June 8, 632, the Prophet Muhammad died.
The wives were not allowed to wash the body, the male relatives washed the deceased. The Messenger of Allah was buried in the clothes in which he died. For three days, believers said goodbye to the Prophet Muhammad. The grave was dug in the place where he died - in the house of his wife Aisha. Later, a mosque was erected over the ashes, which became the shrine of the Muslim world.
Pilgrimage to Medina, where Muhammad is buried, is considered a charitable deed. Believers make a journey to Medina along with a pilgrimage to Mecca. The mosque in Medina is inferior in size to the mosque in Mecca, but it amazes with its beauty. It is built of pink granite and decorated with gold, embossing and mosaics. In the center of the mosque there is an adobe hut where the prophet Mohammed slept, and the tomb of the saint.
Quotes
- “Leave the doubt that inspires you and turn to that which does not cause doubt in you, because the truth is peace, and the lie is doubt.”
- “Let your tongue constantly enjoy the remembrance of Allah.”
- “The most beloved of good deeds in the sight of God is that which is permanent, even if it is insignificant.”
- "Religion is lightness."
- "As you are, such are those who rule over you."
- “Those who show excessive scrupulousness and excessive severity will perish.”
- “Woe to you! Hold on to your mother's feet, Paradise is there!"
- "Paradise is in the shadow of your swords."
- “My Allah, I resort to You from the knowledge of useless…”.
- "A man with the one he loves."
- “A believer will not be stung twice from the same hole.”
- The words “If the mountain does not go to Mohammed, then Mohammed goes to the mountain” have nothing to do with the activities of the Prophet Muhammad. The expression is based on the story of Khoja Nasreddin. The British scientist and philosopher in his book "Moral and Political Essays" replaced Hodge with Muhammad, submitting his own version of the story about Hodge.
- The London magazine "Time Out" named the Prophet Mohammed the first ecologist.
- Kefir fungus was previously called "Prophet's Millet". According to legend, under this name, Mohammed passed the secret of its cultivation to the inhabitants of the Caucasus.
- Muhammad allegedly suffered from epilepsy with convulsive attacks and twilight confusion. The Qur'an reports that the unbelievers called the prophet possessed. But the Qur'an also says that "Muhammad, by the grace of God, is a prophet and is not possessed."
- The footprint of the Prophet Muhammad, imprinted in stone, is stored in the Turba - the mausoleum in Eyup (Istanbul).
- Muslim theologians consider the Koran to be the main miracle of Muhammad. Even though the authorship of the Qur'an in non-Muslim sources may be attributed to Muhammad himself, devout hadiths say that his speech was not similar to the Qur'anic.
- The outstanding artistic merits of the Koran are recognized by all connoisseurs of Arabic literature. According to Bernhard Weiss, humanity in its entire medieval, modern and recent history has not been able to write anything like the Koran.
- There is a tradition in the Koran about bread, similar to the story of how Jesus fed five thousand people with five loaves and two fish.
The founder of the religion of Islam was Muhammad صلى الله عليه وسلم . Muslims deeply revere him, considering him a prophet and messenger of Allah. The first biography of Muhammad was compiled by Ibn Ishaq, who was born half a century after the death of the prophet. It has come down to us in fragments and in part.
Muhammad is a historical figure, he was born in 570 in the city of Mecca. Muhammad's childhood was full of tragic events: his father Abdullah died a few days before the birth of the boy, his mother - when he was only 6 years old. After the death of his parents, Muhammad was brought up by his grandfather Abd al-Muttalib, who was one of the most respected elders in the Quraysh tribe. When his grandfather died, his uncle Abu-Talib took care of the boy. The suffering he endured made him sensitive to people and other people's hardships.
At the age of 12, Muhammad made his first journey with his uncle's caravan to Syria. For half a year the boy observed the life of nomadic Arabs. At about the age of 20, Muhammad began an independent life. He was a man who knew a lot about trade, knew how to drive caravans. According to Arab historians, Mohammed was distinguished by his excellent character, honesty and conscientiousness, loyalty to the given word. Becoming a camel driver, Muhammad traveled to many countries, saw people of different faiths, learned and understood a lot. At the age of 25, he married a wealthy Meccan widow, Khadija, and became a wealthy and respected person in Mecca.
Preachers of monotheism lived in Mecca - Hanifs, who worshiped one God and not idols like the rest. That is, the religion that has remained since the time of the prophet Ibrahim (Avrvma). Muhammad got acquainted with the religious traditions of the peoples, noted the positive and negative sides.
Muhammad prayed to Allah at first in complete solitude, spending days and nights in prayer. Mount Hira was Muhammad's favorite place of prayer. According to legend, after three years of tireless prayers, a revelation of Allah came to Muhammad at night. He saw the angel Jibril, who told him the words of Allah, which spoke about the essence of God and his relationship to man. The revelations received on Mount Hira finally convinced Muhammad of the correctness of his religious ideas.
Subsequently, Muhammad began to propagate the religious system sent down by God to him. The closest people - wife, cousin, adopted son - became the first Muslims. The dissemination of the religious teachings of Muhammad was not easy, secretly. Together with a friend and co-religionist Abu Bakr, they created a religious community (ummah). Once, when Muhammad was lying in a gazebo, covered with a cloak, a voice sounded again, which ordered him to begin a public sermon. Muhammad gave his first public sermon in the center of Mecca to a large crowd of citizens, but it was not successful. The Quraysh did not believe that Allah created the earth, man, animals, they demanded a miracle from him. While Muhammad glorified Allah in his sermons, the townspeople put up with it. But when he began to attack the gods (idols) who were revered in the Kaaba temple, then the Quraysh decided to forbid praying to Muhammad and his supporters near the temple. He was doused with dirty water, stoned, scolded, humiliated. In 622, Mohammed and his loved ones, unable to withstand ridicule and persecution, moved to the city of Yathrib (Medina). The year of resettlement was the beginning of the Muslim chronology.
The people of Medina accepted Muhammad with almost universal approval. In Medina, Muhammad became a skilled politician and ruler. He rallied all the warring clans of the city, rightly ruled. People believed Muhammad and followed him. The number of converts to Islam grew rapidly. Medina became a strong Muslim center. The first mosque was built here, the rules of prayers and behavior in everyday life were established, the basic principles of religious doctrine were formed. They were expressed in the "revelations" that made up the Qur'an, in the words, decisions and actions of Muhammad himself.
But Mecca remained hostile to the Muslims. The people of Mecca attacked the Muslims several times, and Muhammad had to use force to subdue and bring the Quraysh to reason. In 630, Muhammad solemnly returns to Mecca. Mecca with the Kaaba become the shrine of Islam. Mohammed cleared the pagan sanctuary of the Kaaba from idols, leaving only the "black stone". Muhammad signed a peace treaty with the Quraysh and, having converted everyone to Islam, returned to Medina. In 632 he died of an illness, being in fact the ruler of all Arabia.
All sources, reporting on the life and work of Muhammad, emphasize his modest lifestyle. Muhammad was undoubtedly an exceptional personality, devoted to his work, intelligent and flexible politician. The personal qualities of Muhammad were an important factor in the fact that Islam, which was at first one of the many ideological currents that marked the transition from antiquity to the Middle Ages, turned into one of the most influential world religions. According to the teachings of Islam, Muhammad is the last prophet in the history of mankind. After him there were no more prophets and world religions.
This is interesting:
“Mohammed lives extremely simply, dresses modestly. In a coarse cloak, has one change of linen linen, does not allow himself any slits and expensive fabrics, wears a turban or a square head scarf, boots or sandals, cleans and mends his clothes himself, does not need a servant for him. Muhammad's food is just as simple: a handful of dates, a barley cake, cheese, a cup of milk, porridge and fruit - this is food from day to day, meat is served no more than once a week.
“Muhammad, according to the description of contemporaries, was of medium height, broad-shouldered, sinewy, with large arms and legs. His face was oblong, with sharp and expressive features, an aquiline nose, black eyes. Steep, almost fused eyebrows, a large and flexible mouth, white teeth, black smooth hair that fell to his shoulders, and a long, bushy beard ...
He was gifted with a quick mind. Strong memory. Vivid imagination and genius of ingenuity. By nature, he was quick-tempered, but he knew how to control the impulses of his heart. He was honest and the same with everyone. The common people loved him for the friendliness with which he received and listened to all complaints.
Islam is one of the most widespread religious movements in the world. Today, in total, he has over a billion followers worldwide. The founder and great prophet of this religion is a native of the Arab tribes named Mohammed. His life - wars and revelations - will be discussed in this article.
Birth and childhood of the founder of Islam
The birth of the Prophet Muhammad is a very important event for Muslims. It was in 570 (or so) in the city of Mecca, which is located on the territory of modern Saudi Arabia. The future preacher came from an influential tribe of Quraysh - the keepers of Arab religious relics, the main of which was the Kaaba, which will be discussed below.
Mohammed lost his parents very early. He did not know his father at all, since he died before the birth of his son, and his mother died when the future prophet was barely six years old. Therefore, the boy was raised by his grandfather and uncle. Under the influence of his grandfather, young Muhammad was deeply imbued with the idea of monotheism, although most of his fellow tribesmen professed paganism, worshiping many deities of the ancient Arab pantheon. This is how the religious history of the Prophet Muhammad began.
The youth of the future prophet and the first marriage
When the young man grew up, his uncle introduced him to his trading business. It must be said that Muhammad succeeded quite well in them, gaining respect and trust among his people. Things went so well under his leadership that in time he even became the manager of the commercial affairs of a wealthy woman named Khadija. The latter fell in love with the young enterprising Mohammed, the business relationship gradually grew into a personal one. Nothing interfered with them, since Khadija was a widow, in the end Muhammad married her. This union was happy, the spouses lived in love and harmony. From this marriage the prophet had six children.
The Religious Life of a Prophet as a Young Man
Muhammad has always been a pious man. He thought a lot about divine things and often retired to pray. He also had a custom to retire annually to the mountains for a long time, in order to hide in a cave and spend time there in fasting and prayers. The further history of the Prophet Muhammad is closely connected with one of these solitudes, which occurred in 610. He was then about forty years old. Despite his already mature age, Muhammad was open to new experiences. And this year was a turning point for him. One can even say that then the second birth of the Prophet Muhammad took place, the birth precisely as a prophet, as a religious leader and preacher.
Revelation of Gabriel (Jabreel)
In short, Muhammad experienced a meeting with Gabriel (Jabreel in Arabic transcription) - an archangel known from Jewish and Christian books. The latter, Muslims believe, was sent by God to reveal to the new prophet a few words which the latter was ordered to learn. They, according to Islamic beliefs, became the first lines of the Koran - the holy scripture for Muslims.
In the future, Gabriel, appearing in various guises or simply manifesting himself in his voice, conveyed to Muhammad instructions and commands from above, that is, from God, who in Arabic is called Allah. The latter revealed himself to Muhammad as the Lord, who had previously spoken in the prophets of Israel and in Jesus Christ. Thus arose the third - Islam. The Prophet Mohammed became its actual founder and fiery preacher.
The life of Muhammad after the beginning of the sermon
The subsequent history of the Prophet Muhammad is marked by tragedy. Because of his persistent preaching, he made many enemies. He and his converts were boycotted by their compatriots. Many Muslims were subsequently forced to seek refuge in Abyssinia, where they were graciously sheltered by the Christian king.
In 619, Khadija, the faithful wife of the prophet, died. Following her, the uncle of the prophet died, who defended his nephew from indignant fellow tribesmen. To avoid reprisals and persecution by enemies, Muhammad had to leave his native Mecca. He tried to find shelter in the nearby Arab city of Taif, but he was not accepted there either. Therefore, at his own peril and risk, he was forced to return.
When the Prophet Muhammad died, he was sixty-three years old. It is believed that his last words were the phrase: "I am destined to stay in paradise among the most worthy."
