The collection of statistical information about the village of Serednikovo for 1890 provides information about the St. Nicholas Church. They say that in March 1798, Ryazan Bishop Simon allowed the owner of the village, Grigory Petrovich Obolonsky, to build St. Nicholas Church, in the same year it was erected.
In 1822, it burned down, and in 1836 it was renewed according to the plan of the architect Boldsman. In 1849, a bell tower was added to it. In 1882, the church was rebuilt with the addition of chapels to it - Spassky and in honor of the icon of the Mother of God "Joy of All Who Sorrow." By 1836, the church was dilapidated, and according to the project of the architect Waldeman, a new wooden St. Nicholas Church was being built, and in 1849 the bell tower was being renovated.
“In March 1798, collegiate adviser Grigory Petrovich Obolonsky asked Bishop Simon of Ryazan for permission to build a wooden St. Nicholas Church in the village of Serednikovo, which was allowed on March 19 of the same year, from that date a charter of the church was issued for No. 852. In 1836 The real church was restored externally according to the plan of the architect Boldemann, and in 1837 its interior was brought into a decent appearance, in 1849 the bell tower was renewed. The stone church of St. Nicholas, which now exists in Serednikovo, with side chapels on the right side - the Savior healing the paralyzed, on the left side - in the name of the Mother of God Joy of All Who Sorrow was built in 1882. in 1885 November 24.”
Until 1798, the peasants of the village of Serednikovo belonged to the parish of the St. Nicholas Church in the village of Kolushka, the name of which disappeared from the 18th century ... "
The village of Ostrov was located at the crossroads of major roads from Moscow to Vladimir, Murom and Kasimov and stood in the very middle between them, and from this it received a new name Serednikovo, and with the construction of the church in the name of St. Nicholas, another name Nikolskoye was added.
Construction of a stone temple.
In 1882, after the villainous murder of Alexander II, the parishioners of all the surrounding villages responded to this villainous regicide by building a stone church, and the community of Old Believers erected a wooden chapel on this occasion.
The stone St. Nicholas Church had aisles of the same name as the church in the village of Zhabki (Kolushka). On the right side - the Savior healing the paralyzed, on the left - in the name of the Mother of God of all who mourn joy.
In 1861, a school was founded, a junior class at the church and two seniors at the volost government.
Church in the name of St. Nicholas the Wonderworker - St. Nicholas Church.
“With the adoption of Christianity and the establishment of Orthodox customs, Veles was replaced by the epic peasant hero Mikula Selyaninovich, who passed the baton to the Greek saint - the Great Martyr Nicholas of Mirlikiysky, as the patron of the Russian land and peasant labor, the celebration of the name day of the Earth, which took place everywhere in Russia, was associated with him.
This holiday, according to the canons of the Orthodox Church, was celebrated twice a year, on the second day of St. Nicholas of the Spring, after May 10, according to the old style and according to the new May 23, as well as after St. Nicholas of Winter, after December 6, according to the old style ...
On the eve of the holiday, an all-night service was held, as elsewhere, in all 40 churches of the Shatura archipelago with a cheerful ringing of bells, the rumble of which announced the space from the Oka to the Klyazma.
The peasants with all their families went to parish churches, put a candle to the icon of St. Nicholas with prayer and bows, and sang together with the church choir a spiritual stichera in honor of Nikola, and asked the miracle worker to help Mother Earth grow a rich harvest, and they thanked the winter Nikola for the bestowed fruits, grown and harvested in their native land and not in overseas countries. After the vigil, young guys and girls went out into nature to the river, to the nightingale groves and to the bank, led round dances, and to the music of sonorous harps, shepherd's horns, self-horns, sapelok and tambourines, they sang songs, ditties and danced ... Every person without black envy of another in spiritual community they truly celebrated to the joy of the heart, to the glory of their native land, in honor of the miraculous power of St. Nicholas and the Orthodox faith ...
... In recent years, we somehow imperceptibly and seemingly without regret forgot our ancient customs, bequeathed to us by our ancestors, changed them to the foul-smelling values of the spiritless world that corrupts the human personality. Our native land has not become a symbol of the worship of our soul, we have ceased to love nature and barbarously torment and poison it.
But is there any hope that the younger generation will be able to renounce immorality, realize their hypostatic divine essence given to them by the Creator of Heaven, will protect nature and the holiday of the name of their native Earth will be revived? I believe in my people and in the new generation. And it will be as the ancestors bequeathed.
Hopes were justified. Parish churches are being revived again, and parishioners go to church both in joy and in sorrow. Among them are many young people and children.
Clergy of St. Nicholas Church.
“Priests are mentioned in the diocesan summary: Vasily Gavrilov died in 1784, was from the church of the village of Zhabki, John Vasiliev - 1784-1799, Pavel Dmitriev - 1799-1833, Grigory Zakhariev Gusev - 1833-1860. Pavel Grigoriev Gusev - since 1860 " In 1885, His Eminence Feoktist, Archbishop of Ryazan and Zaraisky, surveying the churches of his diocese in the Yegoryevsk district, on June 3 visited St. Nicholas Church in the village of Serednikovo. When reviewing the church and documents, it turned out that everything was in order.
We found very little data on the first half of the 20th century. Approximately from 1906, Smirnov Mikhail Nikolaevich was a priest, his wife Smirnova Lidia Vasilievna was a primary school teacher. This information was given to us by Galina Mikhailovna Bogomolova, who worked for many years as a teacher of the Russian language and literature in our school. Smirnov Mikhail Nikolaevich was her grandfather, he died in 1921-22 from an illness. Galina Mikhailovna also said that the last priest was Pavel Gusev. His house was next to the church, and after the death of his father and the closure of the church, his daughters Klavdia Pavlovna and Anna Pavlovna held services in their house in secret.
Closing of the temple.
State policy has changed. Soon after the revolution, the authorities everywhere began to reject the church.
In 1930, the collective farm "Leninsky Way" was organized in the village of Serednikovo.
In 1937 the temple was closed and used as a fire tower, then as a garage. Bogomolova Galina Mikhailovna said that during the war in 1941, when she was 9 years old, a cross was removed from the bell tower. This was done by a young guy of 16-17 years old named Alexei. A lot of people gathered around the temple, most of them were crying.
After the war, fertilizers for crops were placed in the church, they corroded all the painting inside. The temple fell into decay and gradually began to collapse.
Restoration of St. Nicholas Church.
Chapel building.
In 1998 an Orthodox parish was registered. At the same time, a wooden chapel was erected near the cemetery in honor of the icon "Joy of All Who Sorrow." Having no funds to restore the church, the parishioners built an altar part to the building of the chapel and celebrated the Divine Liturgy and other services there.
Restoration of St. Nicholas Church.
Several times the temple was examined by experts and claimed that it could not be restored. But a miracle happened - the temple began to be restored.
In 1998, the temple was transferred to the community of the Russian Orthodox Church and resumed its activities. The restoration of the temple building began in May 2005.
From the story of the Priest Elijah:
“... In April 2005, a service began in the church. Viktor Nikolaevich Kuritsin, former traffic police officer, parishioner, friend, assistant in all matters and undertakings. Together with him, they collected 20 thousand rubles and made a narthex with their own hands. It took 150 thousand, parishioners and merchants helped. In May, a prayer service was served, and in December, the first service was held for St. Nicholas.
In 2006, Ustinov Nikolai Nikolayevich, a Muscovite, a parishioner, a bank manager, climbed onto the roof and began to clear it of birches, then they continued to clean the roofs together with their own hands. In the spring, the Aslapovsky twin brothers Vladimir and Dmitry promised to make a roof. In the winter of 2006, they made a roof under the roofing material. Slobodyannik Sergei Mikhailovich, director of the Bosch car service, helped. Galina Ivanovna from the village of Samoilikha introduced me to Peter Maksimovich, who is engaged in the construction of roads. His brother Maxim Maksimovich is still helping. In 2007, they assisted in the installation of the central dome.
In 2006, after the roof, windows were taken up. Artyukhin Alexey from Roshali helped. Slobodyannik Sergei Mikhailovich gave a lot of money for the floors and the roof. A year and a half engaged in flooring. They took out the accumulated garbage for two months.
In 2008, Moscow businessman Konstantin Bugreev with his wife Elena and daughter Christina provided material assistance, thanks to which collasal work began to restore the internal walls of the temple and the external facade.
Fragments of bricks fell from the walls of the church. Before the start of work, a prayer service was held, and for all the time not a single brick hit anyone. They fell nearby, but did not hit people.
When we were on a pilgrimage trip in the city of Ryazan, we climbed the bell tower, I thought: “It would be nice for us to have such a ladder.” 15-20 minutes passed, Tatyana (last name not specified) called, offered money to restore the stairs to the bell tower. Miracle!
Helped with donations Anatoly Vlasov. In 2010, Konstantin Bugreev and his family got involved and made a bell tower.
All together: Konstantin Bugreev, Anatoly Vlasov, Maxim Maksimovich and his brother Pyotr Maksimovich, assisted in the installation of four domes.
I would like to mention Alexander Ivanovich Gruzdev, who provided great assistance in garbage collection.
Vlasov Viktor Ivanovich provided assistance in household needs.
Thanks to the financial support of the Bugreev family, restoration and restoration work continues to this day. Making iconstases, kivots, as well as writing icons.
Passers-by donate for the restoration of the temple.
And, of course, decorating, cleaning, maintaining order is carried out by local residents, parishioners of our church.”
The church has a children's Sunday school.
Patronal feast of St. Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow (February 25, October 18, June 2) Aisles of the Icon of the Mother of God of Smolensk (August 10) Paraskeva Fridays (November 10)
Architect: the design of the bell tower was made in 1865 by the famous Moscow architect P.E. Baev.
Temple history.
The temple in the name of St. Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow, was built in 1693 by the owners of the village of Serednikovo, the princes of Cherkassy.
Initially, the temple was built as a single-altar. Despite later reconstructions, the temple building retained the typology and foundation of the 17th century.
The history of the temple is connected with such famous noble families as the Saltykovs, Malyshevs and Stolypins.
1829-1831 - the poet M.Yu.
Lermontov, who came to stay at the Serednikovo estate with the Stolypin relatives of the poet through his grandmother Elizaveta Alekseevna Arsenyeva (nee Stolypina).
P. A. Stolypin got married in Serednikovo.
Since 1869 to 1918 the benefactors of the Aleksievskaya church were representatives of the wealthy merchant family of the Firsanovs. So, in 1890, at the expense of V.I. Firsanova, the warm refectory of the temple was expanded with the construction of two aisles in it (in the name of the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God and the Great Martyr Paraskeva), the iconostases of which were made by local cabinetmakers.
During the period of persecution against the Russian Orthodox Church, the church of St. Alexis s. Serednikovo happily survived, and it continued to serve the Lord and the people.
In 1941 in the area with Serednikovo, five hundred meters from the temple, were the defensive positions of the defenders of Moscow. In order to deprive the enemy of a high-altitude landmark, the bell tower was destroyed, and it was restored only in 2000 with funds raised by parishioners.
The modern building of the Aleksievsky Church corresponds in shape to the sketches and photographs of the beginning of the 20th century. The interior of the church has been well preserved. A significant part of the temple icons dates back to the end of the 19th century, but there are also more ancient ones: St. Demetrius of Rostov, Mother of God "Smolensk", St. Nicholas the Wonderworker and others.
On the territory of the parish there is an observation deck with a spring and a bath, consecrated in 2008 in honor of St. Joseph Volotsky.
Travel by public transport: from Moscow from the Leningradsky railway station to the station Firsanovka - 33 km., Then by bus to the stop. "Mtsyri" - 4 km. The church is a little over 1 km on foot. on the way to.
Travel by car: from Moscow along the Leningradskoe highway to the turn to Firsanovka in the village of Elino. Through Nazarevo and the bridge over the river. Gangway about 1 km to the roundabout in Zelenograd. On it - straight ahead and a little to the left to Firsanovka. Pass the crossing at the Firsanovka (Firsanovskaya) platform, after about 4 km - the bridge over the river. Goretovka, immediately behind which is the estate, located to the right of the road, opposite the village of the sanatorium "Mtsyri". The road to the homestead church is past the homestead, a little more than 1 km. The church also stands to the right of the road.
Church of Alexy Metropolitan of Moscow in Serednikovo was built in 1693. at the expense of the then owners of the village and the estate - the princes Yegupov-Cherkassky. Permission was obtained for the construction of a two-story stone church - warm at the bottom and summer at the top, but for some reason the temple was built one-story. The church was thoroughly reconstructed by V.A. Vsevolozhsky in 1777-1782. At the same time, the old bell tower was demolished.
The small brick church with one apse belongs to the late Baroque style: the walls are separated by pilasters, decorative pediments are placed above the cornices. At the beginning of the 19th century, two chapels were added to the church, in 1865. - a three-tiered bell tower, the upper tier of which was demolished after the revolution and restored only in 2001. The main throne of the temple is Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow; side aisles - Smolensky (right) and Pyatnitsky (left). Since the church was not closed, the main iconostasis of the early 1780s was preserved in it. and carved iconostases of the 1890s. in the refectory.
Approaching the picturesque winding road to the church, it is impossible to pass without noticing estate Serednikovo, in which the sanatorium "Mtsyri" was located after the revolution. By its name, you can already guess that this place is somehow connected with the name M.Yu. Lermontova. The fact is that one of the owners of the estate, Dmitry Alekseevich Stolypin, was the brother of Elizaveta Alekseevna Arsenyeva, the grandmother of Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov. The "Lermontov" part of the history of the estate is connected with it. M.Yu. Lermontov spent two summers here together with his grandmother visiting her closest relatives - 1830 and 1831. The first youthful love of the poet is connected with his stay here - to his Moscow acquaintance Ekaterina Sushkova, who lived in a neighboring estate. In her notes, Lermontov is depicted as a clumsy boy with red, but intelligent eyes and a sardonic smile.
Service Schedule
Lermontov's stay in Serednikovo was subsequently reflected in the appearance of the estate: the last owners of it, the merchants Firsanovs, who deeply revered the poet's work and memory, erected on the centenary of his birth in 1914. a simple miniature obelisk in the park of the estate, commissioned by Vera Ivanovna Firsanova. By her own order, in the wing, where Lermontov's room was supposedly, in 1900. a bronze bust of the poet, made by A.S. Golubkina, a well-known sculptor at that time. In the oval hall of the main house, marble trim and a ceiling painted in the 1890s have survived. artist V.K. Shtemberg based on Lermontov's poem "The Demon".
The history of the estate begins in the 17th century, when it was granted in 1623. stolnik Prince Nikita Cherkassky and from the beginning of the 17th century until 1770. belonged to the princely family of the Egupovs (Egunovs?)-Cherkasskys. For a short time - 1770-1775. - it was owned by N.A. Kamynin.
In 1775 Serednikovo passed to Senator Vsevolod Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky, who moved the estate to a new location; the current classicist ensemble was built by his order at the end of the 18th century, probably by Ivan Yegorovich Starov. At that time, the estate was a well-developed profitable economy: it had workshops, a large barnyard, and greenhouses. The residential part of the estate complex (the main house and four outbuildings) was built in the classicism style. The entire ensemble is built symmetrically, including the cattle and horse yards located opposite each other, and in addition, the fence and the cast-iron gates of the front yard. Until recently, the fence with very beautiful stone pillars was also cast iron, now it has been replaced with a picket fence. A long alley leads to the gates of the main house between the cattle and horse yards, ending in a decorative bridge with low railings, made in the same style as the entire fence.
After the revolution, the estate was expropriated by the Soviet authorities, and a sanatorium was opened there. 
for members of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee "Tishina", and since 1946. it housed the anti-tuberculosis sanatorium "Mtsyri". In the 1990s, the estate buildings and the park began to fall into disrepair; now, the National Lermontov Center has carried out a partial restoration, opened a Sunday school. Now the Lermontov Center is making attempts to restore them. While the restoration is underway, it is impossible to get into the territory of the estate, but this does not apply to the church built at a distance from the estate complex - access to it is free, and, most interestingly, every time the authors of the site drove up there, it certainly was a wedding ceremony. It seems that many residents of the surrounding villages and villages, and perhaps even Muscovites, prefer to get married in this church.
| C E T N A I C A R T O C H C A (approved) | |
| Name |
Church of Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow, in Serednikovo |
| Common names |
Alekseevskaya Church; Alexis Church |
| Building type | church |
| Foundation date | 1693 |
| Date of construction of the last building | 1693 (see buildings of the same era) |
| Architect | no data |
| Personalities | |
| Historical confession | Orthodox |
| Modern affiliation | ROC MP |
| Status | action |
| Address for 1917 | Moscow province., Moscow district, with. Serednikovo |
| Modern address | Moscow region, Solnechnogorsk district, d. Aleksievsky temple in the village of SerednikovoSerednikovo |
| [email protected] | |
| Web | http://hram-mcyri.ru/ |
| Short description | The brick one-domed church, built in 1693, was completely rebuilt in 1777-1782 at the expense of V. A. Vsevolozhsky in the style of classicism. The new bell tower was built in 1865, the refectory with Smolensk and Pyatnitsky aisles was expanded in 1890-1892. During the years of Soviet power, it was not closed. |
| Main publication | Ternovsky A. Church of St. Metropolitan Alexy, in the village of Serednikov, Moscow. county VII deanery district. M., 1908, 78 p. |
| see also | |
| Image | |
| Location | |
| Card creation date | July 16, 2008 |
| Card update date | April 18, 2018 |
| Compiler | Bokarev Alexander |
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Velikanov Pavel – History of the Christian Church – Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow
Pavel Ivanovich Velikanov (August 20, 1971, Alma-Ata, Kazakh SSR, USSR) - clergyman of the Russian Orthodox Church (archpriest), Editor-in-Chief of the Bogoslov.Ru portal, participant in the inter-council presence, secretary of the Commission on Information Activities of the Church and Relations with the Media , theologian, vice-rector for scientific and theological work, associate professor and lecturer at the MTA.
Saint Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow
Saint Alexy was born in Moscow in 1292 and was named Eleutherius at baptism. Tradition says that, as a 12-year-old boy, he caught birds with nets; Watching them, he fell asleep and in his dream he heard a voice saying to him: “Alexy! why do you work in vain?
Worship Schedule
Leave; you have to be a fisher of people." From that time on, the boy began to think and often left home for the forest, where he read spiritual books and prayed.
In 1320, Eleutherius left his family and entered the Moscow Epiphany Monastery, where he was tonsured with the name Alexy. Alexy stayed in this monastery for twenty years and, having studied the Greek language, began to correct the Slavic translation of the Gospel according to the Greek text.
In 1350 St. Alexy was consecrated Bishop of Vladimir by Metropolitan Theognost, and after the death of Metropolitan Theognost was appointed Metropolitan of Moscow and All Russia in his place. Although the Ecumenical Patriarch consecrated St. Alexy to the metropolitan throne, but he had to go to Constantinople two more times in order to settle the strife that arose in the Church due to the appointment of another Metropolitan, Roman, as Patriarch. These troubles ended with the fact that Alexy was given control of the Kiev and Great Russian dioceses, and Roman - Little Russian. Returning by sea from Constantinople, Alexy was caught in a terrible storm and made a vow, if the ship was saved from sinking, to build a church in the name of the saint, who would be celebrated on the day when the ship landed on the shore. The ship safely reached the shore on August 16 (29), on the feast of the Icon of the Savior Not Made by Hands, and, in memory of this miraculous deliverance, Saint Alexy founded the Andronikov Monastery of the Savior Not Made by Hands in Moscow.
Upon his arrival in Moscow, Metropolitan Alexy began to zealously engage in church affairs and, in district epistles, taught his flock diligence, diligent fulfillment of duties, and attentive listening to the word of God. In addition, with his influence, Saint Alexy often put an end to the feuds of the princes and gained such respect with his wise management that at that time they began to write in agreements between the princes: "With the blessing of our father, the Metropolitan of All Russia."
The fame of the virtues of the Moscow Saint spread beyond the borders of Russia. Twice he went to the Horde to the Tatar Khan, whose wife, Taidula, he healed from blindness. Struck by the miracle, the Khan, in gratitude, released the Metropolitan with honor and again restored the privileges given earlier by his predecessors to the Moscow princes. But after the death of Khan Zhanibek, his heir again began to demand tribute from the Russian princes, and Metropolitan Alexy again went to the Horde as an intercessor for his oppressed fatherland. God helped Saint Alexy; he managed to persuade the khan to mercy and returned to Russia with the confirmation of those rights that had been given by the khans before to the state and the Church.
At this time, the Grand Duke of Moscow John died, leaving his son Demetrius as the heir. But taking advantage of his infancy, the prince of Suzdal took possession of the grand prince's throne. Only thanks to the personal influence of Metropolitan Alexy, his firmness and wise advice, the young Demetrius was declared the Grand Duke of Moscow and approved by the khan on the parental throne.
Finally, dejected by the years and sensing the approach of death, Saint Alexis wished to choose a successor for himself and, having summoned the Monk Sergius from the Trinity Monastery, announced to him his desire to see him as his deputy. But the humble abbot fell at the feet of the Saint and begged him not to entrust this difficult and great feat to him.
In the last years of his life, Saint Alexy built many churches and monasteries, of which in Moscow: the female Alekseevsky and in the Kremlin, on the site donated to him by Khansha Taidula, a monastery in honor of the miracle of Archangel Michael in Khonekh, where he bequeathed to bury himself.
On May 20 (June 2), 1431, the vault of the temple in which the Saint rested collapsed from decay. During the construction of the new church, the incorrupt relics of St. Alexis were found. The Council of Russian Hierarchs established the celebration of Metropolitan Alexy on the day of his repose on February 25 (12) and on the day of finding the relics on June 2 (May 20). In 1485 the saint's relics were transferred to a temple dedicated to his name. Now they rest in the Cathedral of the Epiphany in Yelokhovo in Moscow.
In the church of St. Nicholas in Klenniki, the veneration of St. Alexy, Metropolitan of Moscow, is also connected with the fact that after the abolition of the godless authorities of the Chudov Monastery in the Kremlin, the spiritual children of Bishop Arseny (Zhadanovsky) moved to the Maroseysky church under the leadership of St. Righteous Alexy and Hieromartyr Sergius and merged to the community. With the help of the “Chudovskaya”, as they were called, the statutory worship and singing was established in the church.
The Serednikovo estate (formerly Srednikovo) is located in the Solnechnogorsk district of the Moscow region, next to the village of the Mtsyri sanatorium, and is directly connected with the name of the Russian writer Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov.
The history of the estate begins in 1775, when Senator Vsevolod Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky decided to build a front house with outbuildings in the village of Serednikovo. Almost the entire architectural complex of the estate appeared under him. After the death of Vsevolozhsky, the estate was taken over by his nephew, then by his own brother, then by Colonel Afanasy Nesterov, Count Grigory Saltykov. Finally, in 1825, it was bought by Dmitry Alekseevich Stolypin, brother of Elizaveta Arsenyeva, Lermontov's grandmother.
For several years, the grandmother brings her grandson to Serednikovo, where his writing talent is revealed. Since 1869 the estate has belonged to the Firsanov family. In 1918, it was nationalized, in 1925 a sanatorium for nervous patients was opened, and in 1946, the Mtsyri anti-tuberculosis sanatorium.
Serednikovo estate on google-panorama
From the second half of the 20th century, the estate fell into disrepair. In 1993, the "National Lermontov Center in Serednikovo" was formed, and by the beginning of the 2000s, restoration work had been completed.
The manor complex of the 18th-19th centuries, made in the classic style, includes the main house with a belvedere, four two-story outbuildings, cattle and horse yards, a carriage house, and an arena. Since the buildings have been rebuilt several times, inside the Serednikovo estate looks different, the interiors have been partially restored. The complex also includes the church of St. Alexis of the 17th century, the greenhouse and the Piligrim Porto cinema town with scenery from England of the 18th century.
The estate hosts various activities for visitors of all ages.
- Quest "Escape from the bunker". An extremely popular quest in the Serednikovo estate - 20 rooms with different interiors, from 3 to 8 hours of continuous action, up to 300 participants playing at the same time. .
- Leisure. You can play paintball, airsoft and laser tag, take a sightseeing flight in a helicopter, rent a place for a barbecue.
- Excursions. Sightseeing tours (schedule) are held around the Parade House of the Serednikovo estate. Individual visitors do not need to sign up, while for groups of 15 people or more, a reservation is required (the topics are different). The duration of the tour is 1 hour.
- Festivals. The costume ball Midsummer Night’s Dream and the Lermontov Holidays summer promenade ball are held on the estate.
- Hosting an event. Traditional services are also offered - a wedding in the Serednikovo estate, corporate and festive events of any format and theme, graduation party or last call, holiday programs for elementary and secondary school students.
Opening hours and ticket prices
The Serednikovo estate is open every day, seven days a week, from 9.00 to 22.00.
The cost of the entrance ticket to visit the historical architectural complex and landscape park of the estate:
- adults - 100 rubles;
- pensioners - 50 rubles;
- children under 14 and disabled people are free of charge.
A visit to the Parade House is possible only as part of an excursion group. The ticket for the tour is paid separately directly at the Parade House:
- full ticket - 300 rubles;
- reduced ticket (schoolchildren, students, pensioners) - 250 rubles.
How to get to the estate Serednikovo
Serednikovo estate can be reached independently by public transport or by car.
From Moscow, you can first get to the Firsanovskaya railway station (trains depart from the Leningradsky railway station, the approximate travel time is 45 minutes), where you need to transfer to bus number 40, next to the Mtsyri sanatorium, this is the final station. The bus runs from 05:30 to 22:00, with a day break. The bus schedule can be specified. The total travel time is just over an hour.
If you get to the Serednikovo estate from Zelenograd, then in addition to the train, you can get to the Firsanovskaya station by bus number 7.
When driving from Moscow by car, you need to drive along the Leningradskoe shosse, then turn off at the Black Mud settlement towards Firsanovka.
The exact coordinates of the estate:
Latitude: 55gr. 55'45.03"N (55.929175)
Longitude: 37gr. 14'28.38"E (37.241217
To order a car from Zelenograd, you can use the mobile applications of local taxi services: for example, Taxi Bamboo, Voyage or Taxi24. Gett and Yandex applications operate in Moscow. Taxi.
Video about the estate Serednikovo:
To better navigate, I will give again the plan of the estate.
And let me remind you that under V.A. Vsevolozhsky in Srednikovo there was a large profitable farm: a stud farm, a barnyard, a garden, greenhouses, greenhouses, cabinetmakers, linen and tin factories.
Let's examine the outbuildings located to the west of the central axis of the estate. Unfortunately, I have not been able to find out the purpose of all the buildings.
Greenhouses, on the other hand, can be easily identified by their characteristic large windows.
Let's move along a small alley to the eastern part of the household yard.
On this side are the barnyard and stables.
The arena of the correct, symmetrical form deserves special attention.
Below, a wide belt, a solid foundation of red brick, on which 14 columns rise. Spans of wooden columns. Each has two windows. Above - a vault of hewn logs, assembled without a single nail. The upper windows of the vault concentrate the rays of light into the center of the arena. Above the gate, a triangular arch rises, on wide brick columns. The arena area is 350 square meters.
True, in these winter days, the stairs turned into a hill, on which both adults and children would like to ride, and the pond - into a white field. Regarding the staircase and the larches that border it, like a natural colonnade, there is some conflicting information on the site of the estate: in one place it is said that they date back to the time of the ownership of the estate by V.A. Vsevolozhsky, in another - that were created under the last owner of the estate, V. I. Firsanova.
To the west of the stairs there is a ravine across which three bridges are thrown.
The Lower Love Bridge is located in close proximity to the pond.
The next middle one is the Red Bridge.
The largest and most beautiful is the white-stone three-arch bridge, also called the Devil's Bridge.
The ledges-balconies that adorned it, four columns at the entrances and a beautiful lattice, unfortunately, are almost completely lost.
From the manor park along the road we went to the Church of Metropolitan Alexy of Moscow.
The construction of a stone temple in Serednikov begins under the princes Yegupov-Cherkassky. So in 1693 Prince Ivan Mikhailovich
Cherkassky receives permission to build a stone church in the village of Serednikovo. The Receipt Book of the Patriarchal State Order for 1694 says: “... in the past, 1693, on May 18, by decree of the Most Holy Patriarch and according to the note on the extract of Andrei Dinisov Vladykin, at the request of the steward, Prince Ivan, Prince Mikhailov, son of Yegunov - Cherkassky, ordered him to In the Moscow district, in Goretove, I will build, on his estate, in the village of Serednikovo, to build again a stone church at the bottom of Alexy the Metropolitan, warm, and on top of the Not-Made-by-Hands image of Spasov - cold ... "
However, having received permission to build a two-story church, Cherkassky, for some reason, built a one-story church in St. Alexis the Metropolitan.
In 1777, the new owner of Serednikov, Vsevolod Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky, asked the Synodal Office for permission to repair the stone church, which by that time had become very dilapidated. During the repair, the bell tower that existed at that time was completely dismantled, and the bells were placed in a specially arranged belfry. In addition to Serednikov, Vsevolozhsky buys the neighboring villages of Podolino and Blagoveshchenskoye, thus, three nearby churches are in his possession. Churches in Podolino and Blagoveshchensk were abolished by him, and neighboring villages were attached to the parish of the Alekseevsky Church.
The next changes in the church take place in the 20s. XIX century under Count Grigory Alekseevich Saltykov. A warm chapel in the name of the Martyr Paraskeva is attached to the cold church on the western side, thus the church is somewhat lengthened. In 1865, already under the Stolypins, the current three-tiered bell tower was added to the church.
The Church of Alexis the Metropolitan was spacious in the summer, however, in winter, when the cold church was locked, there was not enough space for a large number of parishioners. During the time of the last owners of the Firsanov estate, since the bell tower prevented the warm church from being extended, it was decided to expand it in diameter, pushing its sides so that the church took on the form of a cross. The expansion of the church was carried out in 1890-1892. As a result of these works, a second chapel was created. And the church became three-altar. The main throne of the temple is Alexis, Metropolitan of Moscow, side aisles: the right one is in the name of the icon of Our Lady of Smolensk, the left one is in the name of Paraskeva Pyatnitsa.
At this, the improvement of the temple does not end, the interior decoration continues. In 1899, the whole church was heated with wind, as a result of which the whole church becomes warm. In 1901, the interior of the temple was decorated with wall paintings.
After the revolution, the upper tier of the bell tower was demolished and restored only in 2001.
Photos from 1995 (left) and 2010 (right)
The church has never been closed, it has preserved the main iconostasis of the early 1780s and carved iconostases of the 1890s.
All parts of the story about the Serednikovo estate:
Part 3. Park, outbuildings and the Church of St. Alexis.
In 1623, the village of Serednikovo on the Goretovka River belonged to the steward, Prince Nikita Ivanovich Yegunov-Cherkassky (voivode in Tomsk in 1632-1634). In the village there was one yard of the landowner, in which the courtyard people lived.
In 1639, her son, Prince Mikhail Nikitich Yegunov-Cherkassky, already owned it, and in 1666, the steward of the tsars John and Peter, Prince Ivan Mikhailovich Yegunov-Cherkassky (shared with his stepmother, Princess Praskovya Feodorovna).
After 1678, he settled peasants in Serednikovo and in 1693 received permission to build a stone church with thrones “below - Alexy the Metropolitan - warm, above - the Image of the Savior Not Made by Hands - cold.”
However, for some reason, the church was built one-story, in the form in which it currently exists (later, side chapels and a bell tower were added). Since he asked for permission for a two-story building, in the parish books of the Patriarchal order it was listed (1696-1740) as the “Church of the Image of the Savior Not Made by Hands”, and the name Serednikovo-Spasskoe, which was forgotten only from the end of the 1870s, was retained for a long time behind the village itself. After Ivan Mikhailovich, the village belonged to his son Ivan.
In 1724, the owner submitted a petition to the State Order for permission to consecrate the church and issue an antimension.
After the death of the prince, the village in 1748 went to his son Timofey Ivanovich Yegunov-Cherkassky, divided with his brother Lev and their mother Praskovya Stepanovna.
In 1767, the estate of Timofey Cherkassky was described for debts to various persons.
In 1770, the village was bought at auction by Nikita Afanasiev Kamynin, and in 1775 he sold it to Vsevolod Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky (Vsevolodsky, 1732-1796), a senator, privy councilor to a real chamberlain, the owner of two metallurgical plants in the Urals.
In 1775, in the parish with. Serednikovo was listed as 54 yards, 300 souls, there was no church land, instead of it, 100 rubles were given from the patrimony of Vsevolzhsky, hay 20 kopecks, there was a priest at the church, but there was no sexton and sexton.
In 1777, with the permission of the Synodal Office, Vsevolozhsky repaired the church of St. Alexis Metropolitan of Moscow, while demolishing the bell tower.
The current bell tower was built in 1865 (the upper tier was destroyed in Soviet times).
Vsevolozhsky bought Serednikovo and two more villages with their parishes - Podolino and Blagoveshchenskoye, in which the churches were abolished under him, the parishioners were included in the church with. Serednikovo.
In 1899, during the construction of an oven near the arch separating the main temple from the refectory, the remains of coffins were found.
The manor was built at the end of the 18th century. at the expense of V.A. Vsevolozhsky (it is believed that the architect I.E. Staroye took part in its creation). On a high hill, steeply descending to a pond with two artificial islands, rises a two-story main house with a belvedere - a round open turret - and four two-story outbuildings, interconnected by a covered colonnade. All buildings cover the central courtyard, enclosed by a lattice with gates. On the sides of the access alley leading to the gates of the front yard, there are buildings of horse and cattle yards.
The ensemble of the horse yard includes a carriage house built in the pseudo-Gothic style, and a round building of the arena (end of the 19th century). The park facade of the manor house faces a pond, to which a wide stone staircase descends - the most beautiful and poetic place in Serednikov.
The hill on which the estate stands is overgrown with trees, mainly pines, spruces, larches. Nearby is a deep ravine with a system of cascading ponds. Arched bridges with beautiful lattices between the stone pillars of the parapet are thrown across the ravine.
In 1805, Serednikovo belonged to Sergei Alekseevich Vsevolozhsky.
In 1762, he, then an ensign of the Izmailovsky regiment, contributed to the accession to the throne of Catherine II, in 1763 he was appointed to the Senate as a secretary, from 1765 a chamber junker, later a real chamberlain and lieutenant general.
In 1771, he married the maid of honor Ekaterina Andreevna Zinovieva, with whom, after 10 years of his life, he was on the road, he moved in a year before his death (d. 1822).
In 1806 the village was owned by Lieutenant Colonel Afanasy Alexandrovich Nesterov, in 1814 - court councilor, Count Grigory Alekseevich Saltykov (1776-1829). His wife Ekaterina Alexandrovna (nee Kheraskova) arranged a chapel in the temple in the name of the martyr Paraskeva, attaching it to the western side. Alekseevskaya Church was cold, the chapel was warm.
In 1823, the estate was owned by court adviser and gentleman Ivan Zakharovich Malyshev, and in 1825 by Major General Dmitry Alekseevich Stolypin (1785-1826). An artillery officer, he participated in the wars of 1805-1807.
In the Southern Army, he commanded a corps, was familiar with P. Pestel, the Decembrists predicted him to be part of the Provisional Government. Stolypin died suddenly in Serednikovo at the time when the Decembrist conspirators were being arrested in Moscow.
The village was left to his wife Ekaterina Arkadyevna (nee Annenkova, 1791 - 1853). She was an educated and hospitable hostess, she played the piano superbly. Her husband's sister Elizaveta Alekseevna Arsenyeva (1773-1845) was here with her grandson - Mikhail Yuryevich Lermontov (1814-1841).
He first came to Serednikovo on July 1, 1829, and then repeatedly visited him during his studies at the Moscow University Noble Boarding School and at Moscow University. He visited here, perhaps, in 1832. The romantic period of his youth is connected with this village, with the first hobbies and disappointments.
In the summer, many young people gathered in Serednikovo, the Lopukhins, the Bakhmetev sisters, and the Stolypin cousins came here. Not far away, in the village of Fedorovka, lived Alexandra Mikhailovna Vereshchagina (1810-1873, in 1836 she met and soon married the diplomat Baron Hugel and lived in Germany), she is the daughter of the sister of the wife of the owner Serednikov, D.A. Stolypin, was a close friend of Lermontov.
In 1831, he dedicated the poem "Angel of Death" to her. Ekaterina Alexandrovna Sushkova (1812-1868, married to Khvostov) lived in Bolshakovo (near Fedorovka). The beautiful, ironic Sushkova became the subject of Lermontov's youthful passion. Her name is associated with a cycle of poems in 1830, dedicated to unrequited love. According to Sushkova, the young ladies treated Michel Lermontov like a boy, although they did justice to his mind.
At the beginning of 1831, Lermontov was visiting the estate of the widow of the playwright F. Ivanov, Ekaterina Ivanovna, and was in love with her daughter Natalya. Encouraged at the beginning of their acquaintance by her attention, he soon met with coldness and misunderstanding, their relationship ended in a break that same summer, which gave a gloomy character to many of the poet's youthful poems, the experiences of this summer had a connection with Lermontov's drama "The Strange Man". Having survived the break with N.F. Ivanova, Lermontov in the same 1831 fell passionately in love with "young, sweet, smart ... in the full sense of the delightful" Varvara Aleksandrovna Lopukhina (1815-1851, married to Bakhmeteva).
Lermontov's move to St. Petersburg in 1832 prevented the development of his passion, and military service and secular entertainment temporarily obscured the image of his beloved girl. The cruel denouement of Lermontov's affair with Sushkova probably influenced Varvara Alexandrovna's decision to marry N.F. in 1835. Bakhmetev, a middle-aged man. Many of Lermontov's poems are dedicated to Lopukhina.
Then the owner of Serednikov was the son of Dmitry Alekseevich Stolypin, Arkady Dmitrievich (1821-1899), adjutant general in 1878. At the age of 16, he was assigned to military service in horse artillery, in 1841 he was promoted to officer and soon retired. During the Hungarian campaign of 1849 he returned to the service. Participated in the Crimean War of 1853-1856, for military distinctions near Sevastopol in 1855 he was granted the adjutant wing. At the end of hostilities, he was under the Orenburg and Samara Governor-General.
In 1857-1862. - appointed ataman of the Ural Cossack army, promoted to major general with inclusion in the retinue of the emperor. After his retirement, he lived on his estate. In the manor church, the bells were placed on a separate belfry, and in 1865 Arkady Dmitrievich gave the church the stone sheds and rigs that were opposite it, they were dismantled and the current bell tower was built from the brick thus mined.
In 1877, Stolypin received the court title of master of the horse, and had the rank of privy councillor. Participated in the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878. After the end of hostilities from 1878 to 1879. was Governor-General of Eastern Rumelia and the Sanjak of Adrianople.
In 1879-1886. commanded the 9th Army Corps, from 1886 to 1889. - Grenadier Corps.
Since 1889 - a member of the Alexander Committee on the wounded.
Since 1892, he was in charge of the court department in Moscow. In 1897 he was granted the title of chief chamberlain. For his service, he was awarded the highest Russian orders, up to and including the Order of St. Alexander Nevsky with diamond signs. “Tall, slender and thin, always cheerful and sociable”, he did not limit himself to one military business: he composed music, played the violin, was fond of sculpture (participated in the academic exhibition of 1869), was interested in theology, history and literature (wrote “History Russia for People's and Soldiers' Reading", a number of articles and memoirs). According to contemporaries, Stolypin was not distinguished by concentration and purposefulness. It was a big lover of life, a player. Once he won a whole estate, Kolnoberge not far from the city of Kovno, and Stolypin liked it so much that for many years it became their main place of residence.
During the Crimean War, Stolypin became friends with L.N. Tolstoy, however, gradually there was a distance. Upon the death of his first wife, Ustinova, he married Princess Natalya Mikhailovna Gorchakova (1827-1889), daughter of the Governor of the Kingdom of Poland, Prince M.D. Gorchakov. From his second marriage, he had sons Mikhail, Alexander (1864-1927) and Peter (1862-1911), a well-known socio-political reformer, Minister of the Interior and Chairman of the Council of Ministers, who was killed by an Okhrana agent. He left memories of his stay in the village. Serednikovo in childhood.
In 1869 the village was bought by Ivan Grigoryevich Firsanov. As a boy, he came to Moscow from Serpukhov and at first worked as a messenger in a jewelry store, then he became a clerk and, having learned to evaluate gold and stones, separated himself into his own trading business and became rich. He began to buy up plots of land in Moscow with dilapidated buildings and jewelry; later, with his brother Peter, he organized a trade in houses and timber.
He owned more than 20 houses in Moscow, including the building where the Praga restaurant is now: Petrovsky passage, Sandukovsky baths. Firsanovka station was named after I.G. Firsanov. He was also the first present of the orphan's court, P. G. Firsanov founded an almshouse in Serpukhov.
For great charitable deeds, the brothers were awarded the title of hereditary honorary citizens.
Their nephews Nikolai, Alexey, Mikhail and Sergey Alekseevich continued the business and acquired several tenement houses in Moscow. After the death of Ivan Grigoryevich, Serednikovo passed in 1881 to his daughter Vera Ivanovna Firsanova, who completed the construction he had begun in Moscow of a large house for widows and orphans for 700,000 gold rubles and, with the highest approval in 1893, transferred it to the Committee of the Brotherly-loving Society.
Under V.I. Firsanova on the occasion of the 100th anniversary of the birth of M.Yu. Lermontov in the estate there is a bust of the poet by the famous sculptor A.S. Golubkina. In the same year, an obelisk in the park was added to it.
Vera Ivanovna was the last owner of the estate.
In 1876, a new iconostasis (oak with a cypress board) and a new altar were installed in the aisle of the martyr Paraskeva. By the time of their consecration in the same year, a mosaic floor was made instead of limestone.
In 1880, the church was expanded due to the increase in the number of parishioners and began to resemble a cross in plan. The interior decoration was undertaken by V.I. Firsanov, she also gave 500 rubles. on the iconostasis for a new chapel in the name of the Smolensk Icon of the Mother of God - in memory of the abolished in the village. Podolino Smolensk Church. It was decided to place the chapel of the martyr Paraskeva on the left side, Smolensky on the right in the expanded warm church.
The temple was finally completed and consecrated in 1892 by V.I. Firsanova ordered icons for a new iconostasis on a golden chased background. The mahogany iconostasis itself was made by a peasant s. Podolino V.E. Karasev. On the day of the consecration of the chapel, Vera Ivanovna presented two small chandeliers, 4 candlesticks for local icons, an altar three-candlestick, metal banners, gilded vessels, full priestly and deacon vestments, vestments for the throne and the altar. In gratitude, the parishioners after the proclamation of many years in honor of V.I. Firsanova, during the consecration of the throne, they presented Vera Ivanovna with the icon of the Smolensk Mother of God.
In June 1892, the chief prosecutor of the Holy Synod (from 1880 to 1905) Konstantin Petrovich Pobedonostsev (1827-1907) visited the temple. He came to visit V.I. Firsanov in her estate and wished to inspect the temple, where he was met by the local clergy. In 1899, church warden A.I. Yurasov made wind heating, the whole church became warm.
In 1901, on his own initiative, the art workshop of the Pashkov brothers made wall paintings. On private donations in 1901-1905. a shroud, vestments for local icons, a crucifix, a silver girdling, a silver enameled crown for Christ, a crown for the image of God Sabaoth and the Holy Spirit on the same cross were purchased. Peasant I. Zenin, the owner of a sawmill in Ligachev, donated the image of "Joy of All Who Sorrow" and to it an iconostasis standing walnut and a silver icon lamp. Service vessels, a tabernacle, and an altar cross were also donated by V.I. Firsanov. In the chapel of the Great Martyr Paraskeva, two icons - Christ and the Mother of God - are decorated with riza. According to legend, the icons were donated by Mrs. Vsevolozhskaya, and she also filled the vestments.
The clergy did not have their own houses, but were placed in a stone master's house, which Stolypin donated in 1861, courtyards and other outbuildings were their own.
In 1870, at the request of the church, its land, inconvenient for agriculture due to its remoteness, was exchanged for the land of the landowner. In the clergy's statements it is written: "The land at this church is 33 tithes of manor, arable and hayfields."
Until 1904, in the church of Alexy the Metropolitan, the holy antimension was an old one, consecrated in 1782, and only in 1904, due to dilapidation, was replaced with a new one, consecrated in 1903 by Metropolitan Vladimir of Moscow.
From the peasants Serednikovo known Gavriil Zakharovich Pryzhov (1793-1858, born in Serednikovo, died in Moscow), from the freedmen, participated in the Battle of Borodino, in 1815 he entered the Mariinsky Hospital for the Poor in Moscow as a porter, in 1817 he was moved to a vacancy clerk, by the end of his life he received the rank of titular councilor with the right to the nobility, in 1856 he was awarded the Order of the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir of the 4th degree. His son Ivan (1827-1885), a historian and ethnographer, served in the deanery council.
In 1848-1850. he studied at Moscow University, from 1860 he began to publish: "Beggars in Holy Russia" (1862), "History of taverns ..." (1868), "Confession" (wrote about Serednikov).
In 1869, he became a member of the "People's Reprisal", in the case of the Nechaevites (the murder of a student Ivanov, which prompted F.M. Dostoevsky to write the novel "Demons"), he was sentenced to 12 years of hard labor and an eternal settlement in Siberia. In 1885, he died at the Petrovsky Plant (now Petrovsk-Zabaykalsky, Chita Region).
Since 1919, the Mtsyri sanatorium has been located in Serednikovo.
The temple was not closed, but the upper tier of the bell tower was destroyed.
In the neighboring village of Ligachevo, from 1914 to 1958, the artist Konstantin Fedorovich Yuon (1875-1958) lived. He married a local peasant woman, Daria Nikiforova, and built a house in the village.
