Ureaplasma refers to conditionally pathogenic microorganisms and for a long time may not manifest itself in any way. According to statistics, 60% of women are carriers of it and, as a rule, it is not dangerous to health. However, under certain unfavorable conditions, it begins to multiply and can cause inflammation of the bladder, ovaries, fallopian tubes, vaginitis, provoke miscarriage and premature birth.
The norm of ureaplasma in the body
The norm of ureaplasma in women is a rather arbitrary concept, this is due to the difficulties of taking material for analysis. For research, discharge from the vagina, genitourinary and cervical canal is more often taken. Obtaining samples to detect infection is difficult, and if pathological discharge is not observed, it is almost impossible. In addition, in women, depending on the phase of the monthly cycle, a different amount of vaginal epithelium exfoliates.
Therefore, in the same patient on different days of the cycle, the results of the analysis may differ significantly. Because of this feature, it is difficult to answer what value is the norm and when therapy should be started. The upper limit of the norm is considered if ureaplasma is detected in 10 to 4 degrees. When the indicators are above these values, the doctor decides whether to prescribe antibacterial drugs.
At present, it has not yet been proven that ureaplasmosis affects the course of pregnancy and its positive outcome. But according to statistics, pregnant women have an increased level of urealiticum. And this can provoke a miscarriage, premature birth, infection of the fetus. So in 1988, Lipman proved that there is a direct relationship between the number of early births and the presence of microorganisms 2 times higher than normal.
Even if intrauterine infection does not occur, there is a high risk of infection of the newborn during passage through the birth canal. In this case, he may develop:
- pneumonia;
- meningitis;
- blood poisoning;
- conjunctivitis;
- pyelonephritis and a number of other serious diseases.
Also, as Horowitz's studies have shown, if ureaplasma 10 to 5 degrees is detected, then there is a high probability of developing inflammatory processes in the endometrium in the early postpartum period, frequent adnexitis.
Therefore, when a woman plans to conceive, she definitely needs to be tested for ureaplasmosis, and if she has ureaplasma 10 in grade 3, she is recommended to undergo treatment. As a rule, if the pathogen is detected below this level, then prescribe drugs that normalize the microflora of the vagina. Preference is given to topical dosage forms such as suppositories. If the pathogen is more than 10 to 3 degrees, but antibiotic therapy is prescribed.
Diagnostics
If ureaplasmosis is suspected, a swab is taken from the vagina and examined under a microscope. In a smear, it is usually not possible to identify the pathogen, since the ureaplasma is very small in size, it is often possible to detect only the inflammatory process. Therefore, the doctor prescribes additional tests for ureaplasmosis.
There are several ways to detect a microorganism:
Sometimes a serological test is performed to detect ureaplasma, but it has low accuracy, so it is supplemented with one of the methods described above.
The reliability of all methods largely depends on the quality of the material studied, so it is important that the patient is properly prepared for the analysis.
Study preparation rule
If blood is taken for research, then it must be taken on an empty stomach in the morning. Urine for analysis should be taken in the morning, it is important that it is in the bladder for at least 5-6 hours.
If a scraping or smear acts as the test material, then you should refrain from intimacy 2-3 days before the test. It is not taken during menstruation.
On the eve of the study in the evening, you can toilet the genital organs without the use of soap and gel. 2 hours before the analysis, you should refrain from urinating.
A few days before the sampling of the material, you can not use local contraceptives, produced in suppositories, ointments and vaginal tablets, douche and use hot water for washing.
After taking antibiotics and antiviral agents, at least a month should pass and only after this time can you take tests.
Deciphering the results of the analysis
Deciphering the analysis should be carried out by the attending physician; you should not do it yourself. Since even if ureaplasma is detected, this does not mean at all that the person is sick, and it is necessary to take some medications.
If the analysis was carried out using ELISA, then the form indicates the level of antibodies in the test material. In different laboratories, these values \u200b\u200bmay differ, since each of them uses its own reagents. When the ureaplasma is normal, then the word "norm" should be written next to the numbers. If the ELISA result is doubtful, then another study is prescribed.
When examining a biomaterial using PRC, the norm of ureaplasma in a smear is no more than 10 4 CFU per 1 ml, if the result obtained is higher than these figures, then this indicates the presence of pathological activity of the pathogen.
The same values are considered the norm during bacteriological culture.
That is, if during PCR or bakposev ureaplasma is detected in a titer of 10 * 3 or 10 * 4, this is considered the norm, in the case when the titer is higher, for example, ureaplasma 10 to 6 degrees is detected, then you need to pass an analysis that allows you to determine the sensitivity of the pathogen to antibiotics and follow the course of therapy prescribed by the doctor.
When is the treatment given?
The quantitative determination of ureaplasma is not a 100% criterion for the development of infection in the body, and therapy is not prescribed only on its basis. Many doctors are guided by the patient's complaints, the results of a visual examination.
The following symptoms may indicate the development of ureaplasmosis:
If a woman has ureaplasma 10 * 4, then the doctor prescribes antibiotic therapy:
- before planning a conception, IVF procedure or before a planned surgical intervention;
- when ureaplasmosis manifests itself clinically;
- if concomitant infections are observed.
Also, the doctor prescribes antibiotics if the number of microorganisms is above normal.
If a woman has no symptoms of ureaplasmosis, but ureaplasma 10 * 4 is found, then this is considered a healthy carrier and no treatment is prescribed.
If she is prescribed an IVF procedure, a planned operation, or she is going to conceive a child, then if a pathogen is found in her less than 10 to 3 degrees, she is prescribed drugs to increase immunity and normalize the vaginal microflora. If in such patients ureaplasma is detected in more than 10 * 3, antibiotics are prescribed.
It is also possible to develop persistent ureaplasmosis, during which the pathogen passes into an uncultivated form.
With this course of the disease, the number of microorganisms can vary from 10 * 3 to 10 * 5. The numbers may change due to weakened immunity, strong emotional experiences, hypothermia and other adverse factors. This becomes the reason that during PCR, the test results can differ significantly, and in the same woman, ureaplasma can either be detected or not.
Often the infection becomes persistent after antibiotic therapy has been interrupted prematurely. Therefore, after the end of taking antibiotics, it is recommended to take an analysis for ureaplasma not 1, but 3 or 4 times with an interval of 1 to 3 months. This allows you to answer the question whether the infection has been cured or whether it has passed into the form of persistence.
The appointment of antibiotic therapy for persistent ureaplasmosis is practically ineffective, since with such a course of infection, the pathogen leads only an intracellular existence, its metabolism decreases, and antibiotics have almost no effect on it.
It is recommended to take tests to detect ureaplasmosis at least once a year. This is especially necessary for women who are at risk, those who have weak immunity, as well as women who do not have a permanent sexual partner or have had a history of pelvic infections.
Today we propose for discussion the topic: "What is ureaplasma 10 to the 5th degree." Our editors have tried to describe everything in detail and clearly. Any questions to experts, ask at the end of the article.
Ureaplasmosis is an infectious disease, the appearance of which is promoted by ureaplasmas of the species urealiticum and parvum. These are microscopic bacteria living in the organs, or rather on their mucous membranes, of the urinary system.
Infection with ureaplasma infection occurs through sexual intercourse, during which contraceptives were not used. Also, the disease can be transmitted during fetal development of the fetus or during labor from mother to her child.
You should be aware that a factor that significantly increases the likelihood of infection is a weak immune system. Especially if a person has chronic diseases of the genitourinary system. At the same time, the chances of infection with mycoplasmosis in everyday life are minimal.
It is worth noting that the symptoms of the disease are rare. Therefore, if the tests show that ureaplasma is 10 to 5 degrees, or 10 to 4.8, then the infection is unlikely to manifest itself strongly.
However, even such indicators can seriously impair health. If ureaplasmosis is actively progressing, then it is accompanied by such signs as frequent urination, accompanied by burning, mucous discharge from the vagina or urethra, discomfort that occurs during intercourse and dagger pains in the lower abdomen. If you experience such symptoms, you should consult a doctor and pass a series of tests.
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It is quite difficult to identify ureaplasmosis, because its pathogens are present in a small amount in the composition of the natural microflora of each person. Bacteria can cause disease only in the case of a strong weakening of the immune system, for example, during pregnancy.Therefore, in order to understand whether it is worth treating ureaplasma, for example, 10 to 3.8 degrees, it is necessary to compare different factors. So, if the patient has symptoms of the disease and bacteria have been detected in his reproductive system, then most likely the treatment will be carried out.
Today, ureaplasma infection is detected after various diagnostic procedures. The first step is to take a smear. If there is inflammation, then the number of leukocytes will be overestimated, but sometimes this figure is normal. Therefore, for an accurate diagnosis, it is necessary to do a bacterial culture on ureaplasma and conduct a PCR analysis.
PCR will show what is the degree of development of pathogenic microflora. But the second study will give a more detailed answer, since, in addition to quantitative indicators, it allows you to establish the sensitivity of the pathogen to certain antibiotics.
Often, diagnostics show that ureaplasma 10 to the 3rd degree, the presence of anaerobic microflora and mycoplasma. An increased alkaline vaginal environment creates positive conditions for the development of pathogenic microflora.
The normal pH in the vagina should range from 3.8 to 4.4. The most common form is "T-960" ureaplasma ten to the third degree.
The more severe form is ten to the fourth power, but it is not common.
To determine ureaplasmosis, a study of the affected area is carried out, which may vary depending on various factors:
- in men - the urethra;
- in women - fallopian tubes and vagina;
- in children, the respiratory organs.
This selectivity of the lesion is explained by the fact that ureaplasma is a sexual infection. And its habitat depends on the method of infection. So, in men and women, this happens during sexual contact, so microorganisms settle on the urethra or uterus.
And the infection penetrates into the children's body along a vertical path, when during labor the child inhales ureaplasma. As a result, it affects his lacrimal glands, oral and nasal cavities.
An indicator of 10:5 degrees or more requires mandatory treatment even if the patient does not have signs of inflammation. After all, even an asymptomatic course of the disease can cause first temporary, and then irreversible, infertility. TO
In addition, the rejection of antibiotic therapy will lead to the development of cystitis, thrush, various inflammatory processes and will create a favorable environment for the emergence of other serious infectious diseases.
Sometimes patients have such an indicator as ureaplasma 10 to the 2nd degree, what does it mean? Gynecologists say that in this case the results are normal and there is no need for treatment. The same can be said if the number of bacteria does not exceed the third indicator.
But what if the study showed that the number of ureaplasma is 10 * 4 degrees? According to the latest WHO recommendations, these figures are normal. Therefore, in the absence of the unpleasant symptoms described above, there is no need for treatment.
But if the test results are less than 10 * 5, for example, 10 * 4.8, then it is necessary to go for a consultation with a doctor and conduct additional tests. When the doctor compares all the factors, conducts an examination and listens to the patient's complaints, he will confirm or deny the need for treatment.
As mentioned above, if the results of studies show from 10 to 5, and even more so, when ureaplasma is 10 to 6 degrees, all this requires mandatory treatment.
According to certain treatment regimens, you can get rid of ureaplasma in 8-14 days. However, patients with immunodeficiencies will need longer treatment.
I put in candles, but they put me in a hospital and the doctors there also insist on antibiotics, although my gynecologist said candles
You can determine the titer of bacteria in the body using PCR analysis or seeding. The first analysis will indicate the degree of development of the microflora, and the second will be more informative, since, along with a quantitative result, it allows you to determine the sensitivity of bacteria to various antibiotics, and choose the most effective remedy for combating ureaplasmosis in each case.Refusal of treatment to such a high degree threatens the body not only with infertility, cystitis, thrush and other inflammatory processes, but also creates a favorable background for other, more serious infections.
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Initially, the bacteria belonged to the genus Mycoplasma, but later they were bred into a separate genus due to the ability to break down urea. Microorganisms live mainly on the mucous membranes of the genital organs and urinary tract, as well as in the lung tissue.
According to statistics, at least 50% of women and 30% of men are carriers of bacteria. Despite this, many may not even be aware of their presence, since ureaplasmas often do not manifest themselves in any way and do not harm the body. Infection occurs mainly during unprotected intercourse. Bacteria are also transmitted from mother to child during childbirth, although very few such cases have been reported.
Activation of microorganisms can contribute to:
- chronic diseases: HIV, tuberculosis and others;
- frequent change of sexual partners;
- violations of the immune defense;
- frequent colds;
- taking hormonal drugs;
- uncontrolled antibiotic treatment;
- hypothermia.
- discomfort during urination;
- discharge from the vagina in women and from the urethra in men.
Ureaplasmosis is determined by several methods:
The diagnostic method is determined by the doctor, often they are combined. The interpretation of the analyzes depends on the method. Directly ureaplasma is detected using microbiological research and PCR. Normally, the indicators should not exceed 10 4 CFU / ml, or, otherwise, 10 to the 4th power per 1 ml. A smaller number of ureaplasmas - 10 to 4, 10 to 3 degrees and below, indicate a healthy carriage, more require a more thorough examination.
The degree indicates how many times you need to multiply the number 10 to get the concentration of bacteria. For example, a titer of 10 to 1 degree indicates the presence of about 10 copies of bacteria per 1 ml of sample, respectively, ureaplasma 10 to 5 degrees about 50 copies, 10 to 60 about 60, and so on.
The ELISA result is positive, negative or doubtful. The level of antibodies is indicated, depending on the laboratory, the values \u200b\u200bmay differ, however, it is necessary to focus on the presence of the word “norm” next to the indicator.
The highest value of the norm of ureaplasmas is 10 to the 4th degree. However, exceeding the threshold does not always indicate the presence of the disease. Many who have found bacteria are interested in whether it is necessary to treat ureaplasmosis.
It is worth noting that ureaplasmosis is considered one of the commercial diagnoses that scare patients, talking about the deplorable consequences of the lack of treatment. Many types of microorganisms live in the human body, the carriage of many bacteria and fungi is the norm. In the case of ureaplasma, with asymptomatic carriage, treatment is not necessary.
Directly ureaplasmosis is treated in the presence of symptoms and complaints, as well as when other pathogens of the process are excluded. For example, in a patient complaining of inflammation of the bladder, the bacteria that most often causes this inflammation are first excluded.
If they are not found, then we can talk about ureaplasma as the primary pathogen. Often the bacteria is combined with other infections: chlamydia, gonococcus, HIV and others.
Treatment is carried out in several cases:
- the inflammatory process is provoked by ureaplasma bacteria, which is clinically confirmed;
- established risk of pregnancy complications, with positive tests for ureaplasmosis.
There is a lot of controversy regarding the treatment of pregnant women, since it has been proven that microorganisms cross the placenta and can infect the fetus. However, there is no danger for a healthy pregnancy, ureaplasmas are extremely rarely able to cause complications, contributing to the development of other infections.
There are many versions on the Web about the negative impact of ureaplasmosis on pregnancy, including loosening of the uterus, spontaneous miscarriages, and others. But a direct connection has not been proven, medical scientists are convinced that the reason lies elsewhere, and ureaplasma is only a complementary risk factor.
Ureaplasmas are treated with antibiotics that affect chlamydia and gonococci. You can find patient reviews with complex treatment regimens and huge lists of necessary drugs. In the case of ureaplasma, only one type of antibiotic is sufficient, for example, Azithromycin or Sumamed, but you should not prescribe the medicine yourself, you must consult a doctor before treatment. The course of therapy lasts only a week, an exception may be a chronic infection.
Having found ureaplasmas, care should be taken to increase immunity, for which immunostimulants and immunomodulators are prescribed. It is important to remember that the specific drug and dosage are determined solely by the attending physician.
It will not be superfluous to correct nutrition by including fermented milk products, pre- and probiotics in the diet, which together will contribute to the normal function of the intestine, and hence the correction of dysbacteriosis, which can be one of the causes of impaired immune system and the development of ureaplasmosis.
Once, having discovered ureaplasmas, people were frightened by a terrible infection and terrible consequences, especially for pregnant women. The presence of bacteria even became the reason for the termination of pregnancy.
Now it can be argued that ureaplasmosis is more of a commercial diagnosis, in most cases not requiring treatment. In every body there are many bacteria, viruses and fungi, which is considered the norm.
A considerable number of people are carriers of ureaplasma, women are more susceptible to infection, but most of them are not even aware of the "terrible" bacteria, due to the absence of symptoms and harm to the body.
An analysis for ureaplasmosis is carried out by several methods, most often PCR is done first of all, which makes it possible to detect microorganisms and determine their concentration.
The upper limit of the norm is considered to be 10 to the 4th degree, however, elevated rates are not always a reason to immediately start treatment. It is necessary to take into account the presence of complaints, to exclude other pathogens of the inflammatory process and infection.
Sources
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Yunusova, Kh. A. Viral infections in children: monograph. / H.A. Yunusov. - M.: Publishing house "Medicine" UzSSR, 1975. - 227 p. - ✔
If ureaplasma parvum was found in the analyzes, few people know what it means. A positive test result scares people. They believe that the presence of pathogens in their body indicates a developing pathology. But the presence in the body of ureaplasma parvum is not always an indication for the appointment of therapy. Microbes are detected in sick people, as well as in those who do not feel unwell. If the result of the study turned out to be positive, it is necessary to consult a doctor, even if the person has no signs of illness. The infection is able to proceed latently and provoke serious violations.
Ureaplasma infection was first isolated in 1954 by the American doctor Shepard in a patient with urethritis. He called it T-mycoplasmas, where the prefix "T" stands for tiny - "tiny". Ureaplasmas are the smallest representatives of mycoplasmas. In 1986, the causative agent of ureaplasma infection was classified by the Committee of Experts of the World Health Association as a causative agent of diseases that are sexually transmitted. However, there is no ureaplasmosis or ureaplasma infection in the ICD-10 (international list of diseases). The disease was not included either in 1989 when compiling the list, or in 1998 after its revision.
All ureaplasmas are divided into 2 types: ureaplasma parvum and ureaplasma urealyticum. In the vast majority of cases (81–87%), ureaplasma parvum is detected during examination.
Pathogenicity of ureaplasma infection
Until now, scientists have no consensus on the pathogenicity of ureaplasmas. Some consider microbes to be pathogens that cause:
Others believe that ureaplasma can be classified as a conditionally pathogenic microflora that is harmful only under certain conditions:
- decreased immunity;
- hormonal imbalance;
- the presence of other pathogens.
The latter are based on laboratory data, which indicate the widespread prevalence of ureaplasma infection:
A large number of people who are carriers of the infection makes many consider ureaplasmas a conditionally pathogenic infection.
How does the infection manifest itself?
When a ureaplasmic infection is detected, symptoms characteristic only of it (pathognomonic) are not detected, allowing the diagnosis of ureaplasmosis. The ailments of an infected person are characteristic of the disease that develops against the background of a ureaplasma infection. If a person does not have concomitant diseases, the infection may not manifest itself in any way.
Some researchers believe that ureaplasma infection manifests itself as. Women have abundant mucopurulent discharge from the vagina. They may show blood streaks. The mucous membrane of the urethra and vagina turns red and swells. Women suffer from itching and burning in the perineum, pain and discomfort in the lower abdomen. Ureaplasma infection causes minor intermenstrual bleeding.
In men, yellowish-green mucopurulent discharge comes from the urethra. The lips of its external opening turn red and swell. Sometimes there is a burning sensation or itching before the discharge appears.
Men and women experience pain during intercourse and urination. They may have difficulty urinating (dysuria), accompanied by the formation of an increased amount of urine (polyuria). The disease can cause:
- increase in body temperature;
- weakness;
- headache;
- dizziness.
Impact on reproductive function
Female infertility is often associated with inflammatory diseases of the genital organs. They can be triggered by the activity of ureaplasma infection. Inflammatory processes cause changes in the structure of the fallopian tubes, which prevent the passage of the egg into the uterine cavity.
Uraeplasma infection can cause male infertility by triggering the mechanism of the inflammatory process in the genitals. Ureaplasma parvum and urealiticum can negatively affect. They accumulate on spermatozoa, change their mobility, morphology and chromosomal apparatus.
Some researchers argue that a pregnant woman infected with ureaplasma has a high risk of early termination of pregnancy and premature birth. The infection can cause inflammation of the membranes and death of the fetus. Babies born to infected mothers are often underweight.
Infection can cause a critically low birth weight of a newborn, leading to death. Microorganisms sometimes provoke in newborns:
- severe diseases of the respiratory organs (pneumonia, dysplasia);
- bacteremia (penetration of infection into the blood);
- meningitis (inflammation of the lining of the brain and spinal cord).
When is an analysis for ureaplasma prescribed?
The doctor prescribes research on ureaplasma if it is difficult for him to establish the cause of a chronic disease of the genitourinary system. Such an analysis may be required to differentiate diseases caused by sexually transmitted infections. Especially those that have similar symptoms:
- chlamydia;
- gonorrhea;
- mycoplasma infection.
Studies are prescribed to monitor the effectiveness of the treatment, as well as for preventive purposes. It is advisable to do an analysis for ureaplasmosis after casual sexual contact and when symptoms of diseases of the genitourinary system appear.
The presence of ureaplasma parvum DNA is of great importance for spouses who are planning a pregnancy. The study is assigned to a woman and a man. An analysis for ureaplasmosis is prescribed for women who cannot become pregnant or bear a child, in addition, after an ectopic pregnancy.
Diagnostic methods
To detect pathogens, 3 types of studies are used.
The serological research method is based on the detection of antibodies to the ureaplasma antigen in the patient's blood serum. Blood for analysis is taken from the cubital vein on an empty stomach. 3 types can be detected in the material: , IgA and IgM. Depending on the type of antibodies and their combination, the stage of development of the disease and the approximate time of infection are determined.
Class G antibodies indicate the presence of immunity to infection. The presence of IgM antibodies is characterized by primary infection. An exacerbation of a chronic disease is accompanied by an increase in the level of IgG or IgA. A negative test result (absence of IgG, IgA and IgM antibodies) indicates that the person is not familiar with the infection.
The serological method of research is ineffective at an early stage of infection. An immunological response develops in the body after 5–7 days. Until this moment, it will not be possible to detect antibodies in the blood.
One of the most effective is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method. It makes it possible to detect an infection even if there is only one microorganism in the biological material. For suspected presence of ureaplasma, a scraping or smear from the cervix or urethra and urine are taken. During the study, a DNA segment is found in the material that meets the specified parameters. Then it is repeatedly copied to determine the causative agent of the disease. A positive ureaplasma parvum test result (polycol) indicates the presence of an infection.
Bacteriological examination may be performed to confirm the diagnosis. For culture, scrapings are taken from the vagina, urethra, and urine. Biological material is seeded on nutrient media and the increased colonies of microorganisms are examined. A diagnostically significant number of pathogens is a value of more than 10 to the 4th degree CFU / ml.
What research results show
If the causative agents of the disease could be detected by one of the methods, the person is infected.
If ureaplasma DNA is detected in a person who does not have symptoms of an inflammatory process in the organs of the genitourinary system, he is considered a carrier of the infection.
If during a bacteriological study high concentrations of pathogens were found, the patient is prescribed treatment.
How is the treatment
If ureaplasma parvum infection is laboratory confirmed, the doctor prescribes (, Medomycin). In addition, Clarithromycin (Klabaks,), Josamycin (), (Azitral,), Midecamycin () and Erythromycin (Erifluid) can be used. The doctor often doubles the first dose. The course of treatment is from 7 to 14 days.
Allows for maximum efficiency. It is also well tolerated and has a low frequency of adverse reactions. The drug is stable in the acidic environment of the stomach, so it can be taken on an empty stomach.
To strengthen the immune system can be prescribed (Taktivin, Lysozyme). To restore the microflora of the vagina, eubiotics are used (candles Acilact, Gynoflor, Linex capsules). Anti-inflammatory drugs (Ibuprofen, Diclofenac) and hepatoprotectors (Rezalut, Phosphogliv) are introduced into the treatment regimen.
Ureaplasmosis is an infectious disease caused by microorganisms called ureaplasmas. Ureaplasmas are the smallest bacteria that live in the mucous organs of the human urinary system. There are two subspecies: ureaplasma parvum and ureaplasma urealiticum. It must be remembered that these bacteria are opportunistic pathogens. In other words, these microorganisms can equally cause a number of diseases and be in a healthy human body without being the cause of diseases. We are dealing with ureaplasmosis only in a situation where, under the influence of internal and external factors, the concentration of bacteria increases, which causes the onset of inflammation processes.
Causes of the disease
1. Infection through sexual intercourse. With unprotected sexual intercourse (both classical and oral-genital), there is a high risk of contracting a variety of sexual infections, and grade 5 ureaplasma is no exception.2. From mother to child. In a mother who has not completed a course of treatment on time, intrauterine infection of the fetus or infection of the child during childbirth, when it passes through the birth canal, is possible. Bacteria are detected on the genitals (more often in girls) and on the respiratory organs (in the nasopharynx).
It is practically impossible to get infected in everyday life (in a pool, sauna, etc.), since the causative agent of the disease is transmitted from person to person only through sexual contact. Decreased immunity, a period of exacerbation of other diseases of the genitourinary system also contribute to the disease with ureaplasmosis.
Clinical manifestations
The incubation period lasts from 4 days to 1 month. At this time, an infected person is already a carrier of the disease. After this stage, symptoms of urethritis begin to develop. In the absence of suitable treatment, the situation worsens.
But the main problem is that often grade 5 ureaplasma is asymptomatic (especially in women), and if it manifests itself, it is insignificant. Many patients do not pay attention to it at all. Although it should be remembered that even seemingly dangerous signs of the disease can lead to serious health problems.
Therefore, when such symptoms appear, we strongly advise you to contact a specialist (although they are typical for many infections):
1. burning and pain during urination, frequent urge to urinate;2. the appearance of mucous secretions (in a situation where they have become yellow or greenish, and their smell has become unpleasant and sharp, the onset of the inflammation process can be diagnosed);
3. pain and discomfort during sexual intercourse;
4. cutting pains, concentrated in the lower abdomen;
5. Suspicion of a sore throat during previous unprotected sexual contact (sore throat, plaque with pus, etc.).
Unfortunately, there are situations in which the infection does not manifest itself in any way. This is very dangerous, because the carriage of ureaplasma for a long time (especially several years) has an extremely negative effect on human health, not to mention the possibility of infecting a loved one. Ureaplasmosis can become a precursor to various diseases of the urinary system: endometriosis, chronic pyelonephritis, cervicitis, urolithiasis and others. It can lead to the appearance of adhesive processes in the uterus and, as a result, to infertility. Untreated in pregnant women (preferably before pregnancy) can cause miscarriage or premature birth.
Diagnosis
To determine that the patient has a concentration of the microorganism ureaplasma of the 5th degree, it is necessary to conduct a series of studies: bacteriological culture, DNA diagnostics (PCR - polymerase chain reaction, which makes it possible to identify the presence of a pathogen in a person), as well as the recently known method for determining ureaplasma biovars Grade 5: Ureaplasma parvum and Ureaplasma urealyticum. The doctor himself, a professional in his field, is also important in the successful treatment.
Treatment
Treatment of the disease can be started only after preliminary diagnostic procedures. It consists of antibiotic therapy. Remember that only a doctor has the right to choose an antibiotic, its dosage and regimen, self-treatment is very dangerous! Immunomodulatory drugs and eubiotics are also prescribed. At the time of treatment, diet and abstinence from sexual intercourse are recommended. In addition, partner treatment is indicated to avoid re-infection.
Ureaplasma in women in recent years has become commonplace. Medical statistics show that over the past few years, the lines “ureaplasma norm” or “conditional normocenosis” have become less common in the forms with the results of patient tests, and the number of detected diseases caused by opportunistic microorganisms has been growing year by year.
The frequency of diagnosis of "ureaplasma infection" reaches 20% in relatively healthy women. Ureaplasmas in a smear taken from women at risk are found even more often - in 30% of cases from the total number of subjects.
The data of pediatricians are also impressive: every fifth child becomes infected during passage through the birth canal.
In men, ureaplasma urealiticum is detected in increased quantities much less frequently than in the fairer sex. Early detection of pathogens and proper treatment guarantee complete relief from the disease.
About how to recognize the disease, what indicators of ureaplasma in women are considered the norm, what the lack of adequate therapy can lead to - in the material below.
