“Verily, Allah and His Angels magnify the degree of the Prophet. O you who believe! Pray to magnify his degree and sincerely wish him prosperity and peace.”
(Al-Ahzab, 33/56)
One day the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) came to the Majlis joyfully, with a smile on his face, and said:
“When Jabrail (alaihis salaam) came to me, he said:
O Muhammad! Are you satisfied that everyone from your community who reads Salavat to you will receive ten Salavat, and the one who conveys one Salavat will receive ten Salavat?” (Nasai and Ibn Hibban)
The Seal of the Prophets (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“Whoever reads one Salavat for me, the Angels will ask for forgiveness ten times. Knowing this, whoever wants will increase (salavat), and whoever wants will decrease.” (Ibn Majah from Amir bin Rabia)
Also, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“For everyone who reads Salavat for me, ten rewards are written down and ten sins are erased.”
And further:
“Whoever writes Salavat in his book when mentioning my name, the Angels will ask for forgiveness for him as long as my name remains there.”
It was narrated from Jabir (radiyallahu anhu) that the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“If Muslims, having gathered, disperse without reciting Salavat to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), then a smell worse than the stench of carrion will emanate from them.” (Imam Suyuti)
Abu Mussa At-Tirmidhi reports from some scholars:
Abdurrahman bin Awf (radiyallahu anhu) said that one day the Pride of the Universe (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) went into his room, turned towards the qibla and bowed to the ground (sajdah). He remained in it for so long that Abdurrahman thought: “Perhaps Allah took his soul.” He approached the Prophet and sat down next to him. Soon the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) raised his head and asked:
Who are you?
Abdurrahman.
He asked again:
What's happened?
Abdurrahman replied:
O Messenger of Allah! You prostrated for so long that I got scared and thought that Allah had taken your soul.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
Angel Gabriel (alaihis salaam) appeared to me and told me the good news that Allah Almighty ordered him to convey to me:
“Whoever gives you Salavat and Salam will have My mercy.”
And for this I bowed to the ground in gratitude to Allah. (Ahmad bin Hanbal, Musnad)
Abul Mawahib (Rahmatullahi alayhi) said:
“Once in a dream I saw the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). He told me:
You will intercede for one hundred thousand people.
I was surprised and asked:
Why did I receive this right, O Messenger of Allah?
He replied:
Because you gave me rewards for reading Salavat for me.”
Ali bin Abu Talib (radiyallahu anhu) reported that the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“If my name is mentioned next to a person, and he does not say Salavat, then he is the most stingy of the stingy.”
Abu Hurayrah (radiyallahu anhu) reported that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“Let the one near whom my name is mentioned rub his nose on the ground, but he should not say Salavat for me. Let the one who did not ask for forgiveness during Ramadan rub himself on the ground, and Ramadan is over. And let the one whose parents grew old rub his nose on the ground, but he will not be allowed into Paradise.” (Tirmidhi)
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After moving from Mecca to Medina, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) temporarily lived in the house of Abu Ayyub al-Ansari (radiyallahu anhu). After some time, he moved to live in small rooms attached to the mosque. At first there were only two such rooms. In one room lived his noble wife Savda (radiyallahu anha) and in the second - Aisha (radiyallahu anha), whom the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) had not yet married. Then they built another room in which the unmarried daughters of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) Ummu Gulsum and Fatima (radiyallahu anhuma) lived. In subsequent times, other rooms were added as necessary, some of which were built of bricks, and some of stones. They were covered with branches from above date palm. 582
The rooms in which the members of the family of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) lived were very cramped. According to the report of Aisha (radiyallahu anha), when one night the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was performing sajdah during prayer, he touched the legs of his sleeping wife, and she was forced to pull her legs under her so that he could bow his head in bow. 583
Hassan Basri's mother served the wife of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), the noble Ummah Salama (radiyallahu anha). They lived nearby, so the childhood years of the future righteous man were spent in the places where the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) lived. According to Hassan's report, in those days it was possible to easily reach the ceiling with your hands in the rooms of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). 584 From which it follows that the rooms were low.
There were no doors blocking the entrance to the rooms. They were replaced by felted felts made of black wool. 585
All these premises, in which members of the family of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) lived, were destroyed during the reign of the Umayyads and annexed to the Masjidun Nabawi (the mosque of the Prophet Muhammad). The famous scholar Saeed bin Musayyab, deploring this, said the following:
“I swear to Allah, how I wish these rooms were preserved! After all, future generations and numerous visitors, having seen the conditions in which the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) lived, would stop striving to increase their wealth and would not boast among themselves about their wealth.” 586
In the house of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) there was a bed knitted from dry branches and palm fibers. 587 He sat on it or lay down, having previously made a bed of dried leather stuffed with palm fibers. 588 According to the report of the noble Aisha (radiyallahu anha), one of the residents of Medina, coming to visit, saw the bed of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), which consisted of one mattress. She immediately ran home and brought a mattress stuffed with wool. But the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), having learned about the change of bed, expressed his displeasure, saying:
- Oh Aisha! Bring back our bed!
Continuing her story, Aisha (radiyallahu anha) added: “I did not immediately send the bed back, because I really wanted to have such a luxurious mattress at home, but the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) ordered me to send it back three times, saying:
“I swear by Allah, if I had only wished, Allah would have given me everything and made me move nearby mountains consisting of pure gold and silver.” 589
When the noble Hawsa (radiyallahu anha), the wife of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), was asked:
– When the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was at your house, what did he rest on?
She answered:
“He usually slept on a double-folded felt mat.” One night a thought came to my mind: what if I folded this felt felt four times so that it would become softer, and the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) would rest on a more comfortable bed. Then I folded the felt felt in four. When Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) woke up in the morning, he asked me:
– What did you make for me today?
I answered:
- An old bed, O Messenger of Allah! But to make it softer and for you to have a good rest, I laid out a fourfold folded felt.
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) listened carefully, then ordered me:
“Bring my bed back to its previous state, because today I couldn’t get up for night prayer because of the comfortable and soft bed!” 590
According to other reports, instead of a blanket, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) covered himself with a blanket at night. 591
Usually the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) rested on a simple bed. However, at times he slept on an ordinary mat. Some companions, noticing that he was sleeping on a spread mat, offered to make him a comfortable bed, but the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) refused. Once, to such a proposal, he gave the following answer:
“Why do I need it? I am in this world like a traveler who sat down to rest under the shade of a tree and then continued on his way.” 592
Umar (radiyallahu anhu), who often visited the house of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), later said:
“I once went to the Prophet Muhammad’s house and saw him lying on a mat, traces of which were imprinted on his face. His head rested on a leather pillow stuffed with palm fibers. Then I looked around the whole room. I swear by Allah, in the room, except for three seats made of skins, I did not notice anything else of value. After that I told him:
- O Messenger of Allah! Pray to Allah to ease the situation of your followers. The Romans and Persians are in comfort and bliss. Despite the fact that they do not worship Allah at all, they have been given countless treasures.
Hearing my words, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), straightening up on the mat, exclaimed:
“Do you really think so, O son of Khattab?” Undoubtedly, these are peoples to whom Allah has given rewards for the righteous deeds they have accomplished already in this earthly life (there will be nothing in the eternal life). 593
According to another report, Umar (radiyallahu anhu), seeing the marks of the mat on the face of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), began to cry. And when the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) asked about the reason that made him cry, Umar (radiyallahu anhu) replied:
- O Messenger of Allah! Everyone knows how the rulers of Iran and Byzantium live! But you are the Messenger of Allah!
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said in response:
“Don’t you want all the good things to be for them in this life, and for us in the eternal life?” 594
This hadith does not mention the system of rulership. neighboring countries, but their luxurious and luxurious life, for excessive luxury and excessive waste of funds are sharply condemned by the religious precepts of Islam.
Ali (radiyallahu anhu) recalls that when he married the daughter of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), noble Fatima (radiyallahu anhu), she served them as a bed sheepskin. 595 And when one day Fatima (radiyallahu anha) complained about her poverty, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) advised her to endure. 596
Once the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) went to visit his daughter and, approaching the door, noticed that it was upholstered in patterned material. Without going into his daughter's house, he immediately turned back. Expressing his displeasure, he exclaimed:
“Where am I and where is the world?”
Having learned about this, Fatima (radiyallahu anha) was very upset and asked her father: “What to do with the matter?” He advised her to give this material to another family. 597
ABOUT household utensils and the dishes know the detailed story of Anas bin Malik (radiyallahu anhu), who was in the service of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) for ten years. Anas said the following:
“For ten years I did not see the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) eat food from copper utensils. Moreover, I do not remember a single instance of him eating finely sifted bread. wheat flour. I also didn’t see him sitting at a small table while eating.” 598
When Qatada, who reported Anas's story, was asked:
- Okay, but where did he eat his food?
Qatada replied:
- Of course, on the tablecloth. 599
Another report states that the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was never served food or drink in bowls, and that he always spread the tablecloth directly on the floor. 600
Apparently, the bowls mentioned above refer to dishes and luxurious cutlery of the Iranian nobility, who widely used gold and silver. Instead of the luxurious table of selected aristocrats, he preferred to eat at a modest and unpretentious table. One of the hadiths reports that he once said:
“I'm just a slave. That’s why I drink and eat like slaves!” 601
With this statement, he wanted to explain to his companions that he preferred to lead a modest lifestyle.
As for cooking in the family of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), then, apparently, although sometimes the servants helped the noble spouses of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), they mostly cooked the food themselves. 602 For example, the noble Safiya (radiyallahu anha) was a very good cook. Aisha (radiyallahu anha) said about her: “I have never seen anyone cook better than her in my life.” 603
“One day Aisha (radiyallahu anha) prepared a soup called “harira”. Having placed the soup on the tablecloth, she offered to taste it to the noble Savda, who was present in her room at that time, but she refused to eat. Then Aisha (radiyallahu anha) smeared the soup on her face. On the advice of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), Savda (radiyallahu anha) answered her in the same way. When he saw this picture, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) just sat and smiled.” 604
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) always devoted great attention to his noble spouses and often helped them in economic matters.
When Aisha (radiyallahu anha) was asked about what he usually did at home, she said the following:
"He, like ordinary people, sewed up holes in his clothes, milked sheep. In a word, he solved his problems himself.” 605
“Like you, he repaired his shoes and sewed patches on his clothes.” 606
“The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was always busy with household chores at home, and when he heard the sounds of the azan, he hurried to the mosque.” 607
Along with all this, the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) always had assistants who volunteered to serve as guards at the entrance to his house or secretaries. For example, his closest associate named Haytham bin Nasr (radiyallahu anhu) said that he was often on duty at his door. Sometimes he guarded the peace of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and sometimes he brought him fresh water from your own well. Another companion, Rabiah bin Kaab Aslami (radiyallahu anhu) said: “I often stood watch at the door of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) all night long and, if necessary, brought him water for ablution. Sometimes in the dead of night I heard him exclaiming “samiallahu liman hamidah”, and after a while “alhamdulillahi rabbil alamin”. 608 Another time, the same companion said the following: “I always guarded the peace of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) at night, preparing water for his ablution. In addition, he delivered the things he needed. Once the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) commanded me:
- Ask me for whatever you want!
I told him:
– I wish to be your companion in heaven!
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam):
-Besides this, what else do you want?
I told him that I didn’t want anything else other than this. Then the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said:
“In that case, help me with a lot of sajdah (performing more prayers)". 609
Everyone knows the following message from Anas (radhiyallahu anhu):
“I served the Messenger of Allah for nine years, but in all these years he never reproached me for anything. He never once said to me, “Why did you do that?” or “Why didn’t you do it?” 610
Abdullah ibn Masud (radiyallahu anhu) was also among those companions who served the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). He woke up the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), helped to put on his shoes, and was a constant companion when the Messenger of Allah went out somewhere. something. 611
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) never kept people around him for special assignments or as messengers. But there were always young people near his house, replacing each other, and if the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was busy important matters and could not go anywhere himself, they voluntarily carried out his instructions. Among them was the above-mentioned Anas bin Malik and Rabah bin Aswad (radiyallahu anhuma). 612
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) never allowed water to be poured on him from a jug during the ritual ablution, and he himself personally gave alms to the petitioner. 613 Abdullah ibn Abbas (radhiyallahu anhu) said:
“The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) never asked his companions for help during the ritual ablution and did not allow anyone to give alms in his place. He usually performed ablution himself and gave alms himself.” 614
As we see, the Prophet of Islam (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) lived like everyone else, not standing out in any way from society, most of whose members were poor people. His way of life interior decoration at home, his behavior, his desire and habit of doing everything around the house himself represent for us perfect example for imitation. His actions were dictated by new religion Islam. The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) spread a creed that required readiness for self-sacrifice, requiring, at the slightest opportunity, to put the interests of other people first, and to lead an ascetic lifestyle. Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), as the Prophet, first of all personally followed the teachings of Allah, practically showed people his sincerity and commitment to the true religion.
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Hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahi alayhi wa sallam). The Prophet said: “Whoever preserves forty hadiths for my ummah will be told on the Day of Judgment: “Enter paradise from whichever gate you wish.” Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) in his hadiths predicted a number of events that happened in the past and will still happen in the future. He knew all the answers to the questions and when you start reading the reliable hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad, you are surprised at how clearly and clearly the Prophet spoke. But you shouldn’t be surprised by this, because Muhammad (ﷺ) is the messenger of the Almighty, to whom the Creator gave knowledge to convey to us. The Prophet said: “Whoever preserves forty hadiths for my ummah will be told on the Day of Judgment: “Enter paradise from whichever gate you wish.” The hadiths of the Prophet (ﷺ) are the second authentic and indisputable source of Islamic doctrine. The first is the Koran. The main difference between hadith and the Koran is that hadith is just an element of Divine revelation, while the Koran is the Eternal Word of God. In the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) we find great knowledge that puts us on the right path and helps us understand many life situations. Hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) about women, family, mother, prayer, death and life. “To the husband who puts up with the difficult character of his wife, Allah will give the same reward as Ayyub, peace be upon him, received for his resistance to passion. And the wife who puts up with the difficult character of her husband will be rewarded in the same way as Asiya, who was present at the wedding of Pharaoh (Firaun).” “If you eat yourself, then feed her, if you buy clothes for yourself, then buy her too! Don’t hit her in the face, don’t call her names, and after a quarrel don’t leave her alone in the house.” “Women dressed and at the same time naked, swaying while walking and thus seducing men will not enter Paradise, and will not even inhale its fragrance.” “Under the mercy of Allah, the woman who gets up to pray at night will wake up her husband, and they will read it together, and the woman who, when her husband does not wake up, will splash water on his face.” “The debauchery of one debauched woman is like the debauchery of a thousand debauched men. The righteousness and piety of one woman is like the piety of seventy righteous people.” “Women who are pregnant, giving birth, and merciful to their children, if they obey their husbands and perform prayers, will certainly enter Paradise.” “A righteous wife with a righteous husband is like a crown adorned with gold on the head of a king. A sinful wife to a righteous husband is like a heavy burden on the back of an old man.” “The blessed wife is the one who asks for a small dowry and gives birth to a daughter first.” “Truly Allah Almighty loves a father who is patient with his daughters and knows the reward for this.” “Whoever is given 4 things will be the best blessing of this world and the eternal world: a noble heart; a tongue occupied with the remembrance of Allah; a body patient in adversity; a wife who does not betray her husband either with her body or with his property.” "Heaven is under the feet of your mothers." “The joy of parents is the joy of Allah. The wrath of parents is the wrath of Allah!” “Allah has forbidden you disobedience, disrespect and callousness towards your mothers.” “The woman who dies while pregnant will be among the martyrs.” “If spouses look at each other with love, then Allah looks at them with mercy.” “Eat, drink, wear clothes and give alms on one condition only: do not spend money unnecessarily and do not be wasteful.” “Whoever has in his heart a feeling of superiority over people even the size of a seed will never enter heaven!” “Do not miss 2 rak’ahs of the sunnah of morning prayer, even under particularly extreme circumstances.” “Allah will forbid Hellfire for one who regularly performs 4 rak’ahs of sunnah before and after the obligatory Zuhr (day) prayer.” “O soul that has found peace! Return to your Lord satisfied and contented! Enter the circle of my slaves! Enter my paradise!
(SALLALLAH ALEIHI WA SALLAM)
Our Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), the last and greatest Prophet sent by the Creator for the salvation of mankind, was born on the night of the 12th lunar month Rabi'ul-Awwal in the Year of the Elephant.
At that time, chaos, ignorance, oppression and immorality reigned on earth. People have forgotten their faith in Allah. Our Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) illuminated the Earth with his birth and illuminated hearts with faith. The era of equality, justice and brotherhood has arrived. People who followed the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) achieved true happiness.
Historians consider the year of his birth to be 571 according to the Christian calendar. A narration from Ibn Abbas (radiyallahu anhu) says the following: “The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was born on Monday, on Monday he arrived in Medina, on Monday he passed away. On Monday he installed the Hajar Aswad stone in the Kaaba. On Monday, victory was won at the Battle of Badr. On Monday, the 3rd verse of Surah Al-Maida came down:
"Today I have completed your religion for you"
All these events are signs of the special importance of this day. The night of the birth of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is called Mawlid and the pious righteous (Wali) consider the most holy and revered night of the Prophet’s birth after Leilatul-Qadr.
The birthday of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) has been celebrated for many centuries. On this day, in honor of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), they read prayers, turn to his life, which has become a standard of morality for believers, and strive to earn his love through pious deeds.
On Mawlid they read the Koran, Dhikr, Salavat, istighfar, poetic narratives about the birth of the Messenger of Allah, His life and prophetic mission(such a poetic narrative is also called Mawlid). On Mawlid they also express joy on the occasion of the birth of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), gratitude for the Mercy of Allah Almighty, who made us from the Ummah of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), read du'a, give alms, treat the poor, and conduct pious conversations. In a word, this festive night Muslims show care and attention to the disadvantaged and believers.
The Creator of the Universe expressed the essence of this boundless love for His Messenger with the following command:
“Allah will not punish them when you are with them.”
This Divine message was sent down regarding the hypocrites. Now let's think about the fact that even if the hypocrites, due to living with Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in the same country, received such a guarantee, then it is impossible to imagine what mercy the true believers will receive, steadily following in his footsteps. In addition, Muslims not only believed in the mission of Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), they also feel for him strong love and filled with deep respect. This is where all the richness and expressiveness of human speech is not enough! Truly, to the extent that a Muslim loves Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), he will find happiness and peace both in this life and in the Hereafter.
When conducting Mawlid, it is categorically unacceptable to conduct unnecessary conversations, especially about those who are absent, or to violate other requirements of Sharia.
During the life of the Messenger of Allah, Muslims performed everything that is included in Mawlid, but the term “Mawlid” was not used. Some people interpreted the absence of this term in hadiths as an alleged “ban on holding Mawlid.” However, Al-Hafiz As-Suyuty in the article “Good intentions in performing Mawlid” said the following about the attitude of Sharia to the celebration of Mawlid of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) in the month of Rabiul-Awwal: “The basis for holding Mawlid is the gathering of people, reading individual Surahs of the Koran, stories about those significant events which occurred during the birth of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), a corresponding treat is prepared. If Mawlid is carried out in this way, then this innovation is approved by Shariah, for this Muslims receive sawab, since it is carried out to exalt the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), in order to show that this event is joyful for believers.” He said: “Wherever Mawlid is read, angels are present, and the mercy and pleasure of Allah descends on these people.”
Also, other famous recognized Ulama, who perfectly knew the subtleties and depth of our religion, for many centuries, without any doubt, approved of the Mawlids and themselves participated in their implementation. There were many reasons for this. Here are some of them:
1. Show love for the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and, therefore, rejoice at His birth, Allah Almighty commands us.
2. The Messenger of Allah valued his birth (in particular, He fasted on Mondays, since he was born on Monday), but not the fact of his own biography. He thanked Allah Almighty for creating Him and giving life as a Mercy to all humanity, praising Him for this blessing.
3. Mawlid is a gathering of Muslims to express joy on the occasion of the birth of the Prophet and love for Him. The hadith says that “Everyone will find himself on the Day of Judgment next to the one he loves.”
4. The story of the birth of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) about His life and prophetic mission contributes to obtaining knowledge about the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). And for those who have such knowledge, a reminder of this causes experiences that contribute to strengthening love for the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and strengthening the faith of Muslims. After all, Allah Himself brings Holy Quran many examples from the lives of former Prophets to strengthen the heart of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) and as an edification for believers.
5. Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) rewarded poets who glorified Him in their works and approved of this.
6. In our religion, the gathering of Muslims for joint worship, studying religion, and giving alms is highly valued.
As we know from Islamic sources, one of the nurses of the Messenger of Allah was happiest woman Sawbiyya. This woman was the slave of Rasulullah's ardent enemy, Abu Lahab.
Having learned from Sawbiyya about the birth of his nephew, Abu Lahab, with joy, granted his slave freedom. Abu Lahab committed this act purely out of family considerations, and it was this act that was credited to him as a benefit in the afterlife.
After the death of Abu Lahab, one of his relatives saw him in a dream and asked:
“How are you doing, Abu Lahab?”
Abu Lahab replied:
"I am in Hell, I am in eternal torment. And only on Monday night my fate becomes a little easier. On such nights, I quench my thirst with a thin stream of water that flows between my fingers, it brings me coolness. This happens because I freed my slave when she told me the news of the birth of Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). For this, Allah does not leave me with His mercy on Monday night.”
Ibn Ja'far said the following about this: “If such an unbeliever as Abu Lahab, only for his close relationship to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), rejoiced at His birth and committed good deed, was forgiven by the Lord for one night, who knows what benefits the Lord will bestow on that believer who, in order to win the love of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), opens his soul and shows generosity on this festive night.”
Not everything that the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not do is forbidden and undesirable. For example, during His life neither the Qur'an nor hadiths were collected in one book, separate Islamic sciences such as fiqh, aqida, tafsir of the Qur'an and hadiths, etc. were not formed, there were no Islamic books, educational institutions, there were no Islamic sermons on radio and television, etc. However, this is not only not prohibited, but also desirable, good.
As for the opinion of ignorant people that the supposed holiday on the occasion of the birth of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) speaks of his exaltation, however, the Prophet himself (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “Do not exalt me as the Christians exalted Jesus ( alayhi wa sallam ), I am only the Messenger of Allah and his slave."(Ahmad, 1,153)
The scholars of Islam responded that this argument is incorrect. Note that the hadith prohibits exalting in the way Christians do. That is, they say that Isa (alayhi wa sallam) is “the son of God.” As for Mawlid, this does not happen during its celebration, we only remember it. moral qualities, which does not contradict Sharia. After all, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself praised his companions during his lifetime, and his companions also praised him, and the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not forbid them to do so, but supported them. Often the companions quoted verses and poems next to the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), and he encouraged them. Remember how the people of Medina greeted the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) with a song. Does this act of the Prophet's companions contradict Sharia? If this were so, would the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) remain silent? If the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was pleased with those who praised him, will he be dissatisfied with us if we remember his moral qualities?
It follows that holding Mawlid is an innovation approved by Shariah, and this cannot be denied in any way. On the contrary, we can call It sunnah, since the Prophet himself (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said that he valued the day of his birth, i.e. he meant that he appreciated the mission that was entrusted to him by the Almighty: to be an example for people in everything. When the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked why he fasted on this day, he replied: “On this day I was born, on this day I was sent (to people) and (on this day) it (the Quran) was revealed to me.”
Mawlid of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is a holiday for Muslims. This is a special day, a day of gratitude to Allah. Insha Allah, every Muslim, not only on this day, but throughout his entire stay on earth, will strive to learn more about the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), be like him, and will be honored to become his neighbor in Paradise. To do this, you need to sincerely love the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
The history of Islam is full of many episodes testifying to the boundless loyalty and love of the companions of Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam).
Anas bin Malik (radhiyallahu anhu) narrates:
One day an Arab came to the Prophet and asked him:
- O Rasulullah! When will the End of the World come?
In response to his question, the Prophet asked a counter question:
-What have you prepared for the other world?
The stranger replied:
– Love for Allah and His Messenger!
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) told him:
“In that case, in the next world you will be together with those whom you loved in this world.”
Respect for the birthday of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) allows you to renew love for him in your heart, turn to Allah with words of gratitude for sending the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) to this world, read the Koran, trying to delve into the deepest the essence of the message conveyed through the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is to imagine for a moment what would have happened to the world if this person had not existed.
Muharram
The month of Muharram is the first month of the Muslim Hijri calendar. This is one of the four months (Rajab, Dhul-Qaada, Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram) during which Allah forbade wars, conflicts, etc. The Koran and Sunnah speak a lot about the venerability of Muharram. Therefore, every Muslim should try to spend this month in the service of Allah Almighty. Imam Ghazali in his book “Ihya” writes that if you spend the month of Muharram in worship, then you can hope that its barakat (blessing) will go to the rest of the months of the year.
In the hadith of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), it is said: “After the month of Ramadan, the best time to fast is Muharram, the month of Allah.” Another saying of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), reported by Tabarani, says: “Whoever fasts one day of the month of Muharram will be rewarded with 30 fasts.” According to another hadith, fasting on Thursday, Friday and Sunday of the month of Muharram is highly rewarded. Imam An-Nawawi also writes in his book “Zawaidu Ravza”: “Of all the highly revered months, Muharram is the best for fasting.”
Muharram is a month of repentance and worship, so we must try not to miss the opportunity to receive forgiveness of sins and multiple rewards for good deeds from Allah Almighty. If on the first day of Muharram you read Surah Al-Ikhlas 1000 times without a break from Bismillah, then the Almighty will help you receive forgiveness for violating the rights of others, and such a person will not die unforgiven by other people.
Ashura
Muharram contains the Holy Day - Ashura. This is the tenth day and it is the most valuable day of this month. Many events in human history took place on the day of Ashura. It accounts for the creation by Allah Almighty of the Heavens, the Earth, Al-Arsh, Angels, the first man and the Prophet Adam (alaihis salaam). The end of the world will also come on the day of Ashura. On this day, many events related to the Prophets occurred:
- Allah Almighty accepted repentance from the Prophet Adam (alaihis-salam); the ship of Nuh (Noah) (alayhis salam) landed at Mount Judi (Iraq) after the Great Flood; Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham) was born (alaihis salaam); the Prophets Isa (Jesus) and Idris, peace be upon them, were ascended to heaven; Prophet Ibrahim (alayhis salaam) escaped from the fire kindled by the pagans; Prophet Musa (Moses) (alayhis salaam) and His followers escaped the pursuit of Pharaoh, who died on that day, swallowed up by the sea; Prophet Yunus (alayhis salaam) came out of the belly of a fish; Prophet Ayub (Job) (alaihis salaam) was healed of serious illnesses; Prophet Yaqub (Jacob) (alaihis salaam) met with his son; Prophet Suleiman (Solomon) (alaihis salaam) became king; Prophet Yusuf (Joseph) (alaihis salaam) was released from prison.
Also on this day, the grandson of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), Hussein, died the death of a martyr (a fighter for the Faith).
On the day of Ashura, as well as on the previous and subsequent days, it is advisable to fast. According to one of the hadiths, fasting on the day of Ashura cleanses a Muslim from sins for the previous year, and for a grain of alms (sadaqa) on the day of Ashura, Allah Almighty will give a reward the size of Mount Uhud. It is said in the hadith: “Whoever feeds and waters his family on the day of Ashura, Allah will give him barakah for a year.” If you perform a complete ablution (ghusul) on Ashura, Allah will protect a person from illness for a year. If you smear antimony on your eyes, Allah will protect you from eye diseases. Whoever visits a sick person on the day of Ashura is equivalent to visiting all the sons of the Prophet Adam, peace be upon him (i.e. all people). On the day of Ashura, they distribute sadaka, read the Koran, bring joy to children and loved ones, and also perform other godly deeds.
RAJAB AND NIGHT RAGAIB
The month of Rajab is the first of three holy months (Rajab, Sha'ban and Ramadan) being the greatest Mercy of Allah Almighty towards His servants. During these months, the reward for good deeds and ibadat (worship) is increased many times over by Allah Almighty, and the sins of those who sincerely repent are forgiven. In this way, Muslims have the opportunity to tip the scales toward goodness on the Day of Judgment. Not to take advantage of this Grace of the Almighty is unreasonable and unworthy of a Muslim.
One of the hadiths of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) reads: “If you want peace before death, a happy ending (death with Iman) and salvation from Satan, respect these months by fasting and regretting your sins.”
When Rajab came, our Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) turned to Allah: “ Bless these months for us - Rajab and Sha'ban - and bring us closer to Ramadan."
Rajab is also one of the 4 forbidden months (Rajab, Dhul-Qada, Dhul-Hijjah, Muharram), when the Almighty forbade wars, conflicts, etc. In addition, this month there were two important events: on the 1st Friday of Rajab (Raghib night) the marriage of the parents of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) Abdullah and Amina took place; and on the night of the 1st of the month of Rajab, Amina, the daughter of Wahb, carried in her womb the blessed Messenger of Allah, peace be upon him. Rajab is called the month of the Almighty for the enormous rewards and bounties bestowed in this month.
The hadith says: “Remember, Rajab is the month of the Almighty; whoever fasts for at least one day in Rajab, the Almighty will be pleased with him.”
The first Friday night of the month of Rajab is called Ragaib Night. The hadith says: “Five nights when a request is not refused: the first Friday night of Rajab, the night in the middle of Sha'ban, the night of Friday and both nights of the holidays (Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha).”
The 27th night and the day of Rajab are also valuable. It is advisable to spend these nights in vigil and ibadat, that is, it is advisable to enliven them with worship, and the days in fasting.
On the night of 27 Rajab, a wonderful journey (al-Isra) and ascension (al-Mi'raj) of our Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) took place. In the month of Rajab, it is advisable to read Surah Ikhlas more often.
NIGHT OF ISRA AND MI'RAJ
By the Will of Allah, our beloved Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was transferred from the Al-Haram mosque, located in Mecca, to the Al-Aqsa mosque, which is located in Jerusalem. From there, together with the Angel Gabriel, peace be upon Him, they ascended to the Seventh Heaven to the place “ Sidratu-l-muntaha", where the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) heard the Eternal Speech of Allah, which is not similar to the speech of any of the created ones (The Speech of Allah without sounds, without letters, without pauses, is neither Arabic nor any other language). The Blessed Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) heard the Speech of Allah without intermediaries.
This sacred journey consists of two parts: the journey from Mecca to Jerusalem is called " Isra", the ascension to heaven is called " Mi'raj". The gift for believers brought by the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) from this sacred ascension was the fivefold prayer.
The night of Mi'raj is one of the greatest miracles of our Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). This journey took place one and a half years before Hijra on the night of the 27th of the month of Rajab.
One hadith says that There are five nights when du'a are accepted: the night of Friday, the tenth night of Muharram, the 15th night of Sha'ban, the nights before Eid al-Adha and Eid al-Adha. On this night, the names of those who die during the year are erased from the Kept Tablets.
On the night of Baraat, Surah Yasin is read three times: the first time with the intention (niyat) of prolonging life, the second time to protect against troubles and misfortunes, and the third time to expand benefits.
SHA'BAN AND THE NIGHT OF BARAAT
Fasting in the month of Sha'ban is considered mustahabb. Aisha (radiyallahu anha) narrated: “The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) did not fast in any month longer than in the month of Sha’ban, since he spent the entire month of Sha’ban in fasting.”
As the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said, the name of the month of Sha’ban comes from the word “tasha’aba” , what does "distribution" mean? Goodness is spreading this month.
The month of Sha'ban contains one of the main highly revered nights - the night of Baraat, which occurs from the 14th to the 15th. Baraat means “non-involvement”, “complete separation”. This night is a time of cleansing from sins. On this night, Allah Almighty forgives the sins of believers who pray to Him for forgiveness.
The hadiths say that On this night, the sins of all Muslims are forgiven, except for envious people, sorcerers, those who drink alcohol, those who cut off ties with relatives, those who disobey their parents, those who are prey, those who are proud, and those who provoke unrest.
Therefore, it is advisable to spend this night without sleep in prayer, remembering the Almighty.
On this occasion, the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “On the 15th night of the month of Shaban, pray, and fast the next day. On this night before sunrise, the Infinitely Merciful Almighty Allah grants good to those who ask Him. He said meaning:
– Are there anyone asking for forgiveness? I'll forgive.
– Are there anyone asking for welfare? I will give.
– Are there any patients who want to be cured? I will heal.
– If you have any desires, ask. I will implement them."
NIGHT OF AL-QADR (DETERMINATIONS)
The event, which is usually celebrated on the night of the 27th day of the month of Ramadan, is called “ Night of Predestination", or " Laylatul-Qadr." The exact date of this Night is not known to any mortal: it could fall on any night holy month. IN Laylatul-Qadr was revealed to our Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) the Holy Quran - the last Heavenly Book. On this majestic night in different times were revealed Sacred Books and other Prophets: Zabur (Psalter) - Dawud (David), Taurat (Torah) - Musa (Moses), Injil (Gospel) - Isa (Jesus), peace be upon the Prophets of Allah. Indeed, as the Almighty said, He does not distinguish between His Prophets,– He granted to everyone to proclaim the Truth, endowed everyone with the Religion of submission to the One God – Islam (Sura 2 “Al-Baqarah”, verse 285).
The Koran says that the night of Destiny is better than a thousand months. The Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said about this night like this: “The sins of the past are forgiven to those who, believing in the superiority and sacredness of the night of Laylatul-Qadr and expecting reward only from Allah, spend it in worship.”
One day our lady Aisha (radiyallahu anha) asked the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam): “ O Messenger of Allah! When the night of Destiny comes, what dua should I recite?
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) replied:
اللهُمَّ اِنَّكَ عَفُوٌّ كَرِيمٌ تُحِبُّ الْعَفْوَ فَاعفُ عَنِّي
“Allahumma, inakya ‘afuvvun, karimun. Tuhibbul-'afwa, fa'fu 'anni."
Meaning:“O Allah, You are Forgiving, Most Generous. You love to forgive, forgive me.".
All Muslims should spend the Night of Predestination in Ibad, as our Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) bequeathed.
What is a holiday in accordance with Sharia? Unlike secular holidays, invented by people in connection with some events, Muslim holidays and holy nights are indicated to people by Allah through His Messenger Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam). In the Muslim understanding, a holiday is a reason for meaningful joy associated with the infinite Grace of our Creator. This is an opportunity for every Muslim to multiply good deeds many times over, which on the Day of Judgment will be compared (by weighing) with bad deeds, an opportunity to tip the scales with good deeds. Muslim holidays give believers an incentive to worship more diligently. Therefore, on holidays, holy days and nights, Muslims perform additional special prayers - namaz, read the Koran and different prayers. These days, Muslims try to please relatives, neighbors, all acquaintances and strangers, visit each other, distribute sadaqa (alms), and give gifts. Drinking alcohol, other intoxicating substances, and committing other acts prohibited by Islam on Muslim holidays is blasphemy, a desecration of these holidays.
Unfortunately, Muslims, under the influence of the surrounding multi-religious society, often confuse the concept of “holiday” with events that have nothing to do with Islam.
QUESTIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS:
1. Tell us about the virtues of Jum'ah (Friday).
2. How many religious holidays do Muslims have a year? What are these holidays about?
3. Tell us about Mawlid.
4. What is the night of Ragaib?
5. Tell us about the night of Baraat.
6. Tell us about the blessed night of Al-Qadr.
7. What is desirable on blessed nights?
8. What is the attitude of Islam towards non-Muslim holidays?
Chapter Three
AKHLYAK
(moral)
ISLAM AND AKHLYAK
ü Definition of ahlak
ü Akhlyak in Islam
ü The role of faith and worship in moral
human improvement
ü Prophet Muhammad (saw) is an example of high morality
ü Labor and labor
ü Can the ahlak change?
ü Morality of Imam Abu Hanifa.
Definition of akhlyak
Akhlyak is a person’s habits that manifest themselves in our actions and relationships with others. There are two types of habits: useful and harmful.
In order to gain the pleasure of the Almighty, it is necessary to get rid of bad habits and step by step accustom yourself to the great morality of Islam, doing good, righteous deeds.
Akhlyak in Islam
One of the goals of Islam is to raise highly moral people. Our beloved Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “ I was sent down to you to improve morals.".
« The one who is most beloved by me and the one closest to me on the Day of Judgment is the one who has high morality.”.
When the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) was asked which slaves are loved by Allah, he replied: “ Those who have high morality." The man asked again: “O Messenger of Allah! Which believer (mu'min) is the smartest? The Prophet replied: “ The smartest person is the one who thinks a lot about death and prepares for it.”
Both the performance of ibada and the observance of moral laws are the commands of Allah.
The role of faith and ibada in moral
human improvement
A Muslim knows that Allah knows all his deeds and that there are angels who record them. He also believes that on the Day of Judgment his deeds will be brought before him and he will be rewarded for his good deeds and punished for his bad deeds unless Allah forgives him.
Allah Almighty said in the Holy Quran:
فَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ خَيْراً يَرَهُ وَمَنْ يَعْمَلْ مِثْقَالَ ذَرَّةٍ شَرّاً يرَهَُ
Meaning: “Whoever has done an atom’s worth of good will see it (in the scroll of his deeds, and Allah will reward him for it). Whoever has committed an atom’s worth of evil (will also) see it, (and he will be rewarded for it).”
Knowing this, a Muslim tries not to commit sins and encourages goodness. A person who is not a believer or one whose faith is weak does not feel responsible before the Creator and will commit various kinds unseemly, sinful acts.
Ibada strengthens faith: five times prayer teaches us to constantly remember the Great Creator of the universe - Allah, fasting increases mercy in souls, protects hands from haram, and the tongue from lies, zakat saves from stinginess and strengthens the sense of mutual assistance. All this benefits society.
Prophet Muhammad (saw) -
example of high morality
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) is a man who, by the Will of Allah Almighty, possessed highest degree worthy disposition and the best human qualities. When Mrs. Aisha (may Allah be pleased with her) was asked about the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam), she replied: “ His character is the Koran."
Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) himself lived according to the laws of morality and taught this to his companions. The Holy Quran says:
لَقَدْ كَانَ لَكُمْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ أُسْوَةٌ حَسَنَةٌ لِّمَن كَانَ يَرْجُو اللهَ وَالْيَوْمَ الْآخِرَ وَذَكَرَ اللهَ كَثِيراً
“For you in the Messenger of Allah is an exemplary example for those who hope for the mercy of Allah and for the blessings of the Day of Judgment and remember Allah often.”
In this verse, Allah Almighty commands that the life of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) become for us an example of life according to the canons of Islam.
Labor and ahlak
Islam instructs Muslims to work to earn their living and not depend on anyone. People's work and earnings vary. We must pay Special attention to earn money in a permitted way and not mix our rizyk with the forbidden.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) pleased those who worked honestly with good news: “ Those who traded lawfully will be with the Prophets on the Day of Judgment.”
“Wealth does not harm those who fear Allah.”
“Take what is permitted and leave what is forbidden.”
“Give the worker what he earns before his sweat dries.”
“Whoever borrows with the intention of repaying it on time will be helped by Allah Almighty.”
“Allah will not speak to three on the Day of Judgment, nor will He look at them, nor will He justify them, and for them will be a painful punishment.” The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) repeated this three times. To this Abu Dharr exclaimed: “Cursed be their names!” Let them not achieve their aspirations! Who are they, O Messenger of Allah? The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) replied: “Those whose pride does not allow them to raise the hem of their robe, those who reproach another for the help provided to him, those who ensure the sale of goods with false oaths.”
“What is permitted is explained and what is prohibited is explained. However, there is something dubious between them that most people cannot distinguish between. Whoever avoids the doubtful will save his honor and his faith. And whoever enters into doubt will enter into what is forbidden, just as a shepherd leads his flock into an untested area where the flock may be in danger.”
Truthfulness is one of the principles of Islamic morality. A Muslim should avoid lying, envy, and ikhtikar (buying food and selling it only after prices have risen). “A false oath may hasten the sale of a commodity, but it deprives the trade of its blessing.”
The manufacturer must produce a product of high quality and without deception. The responsibilities of the employee and subordinate are to perform the work assigned to them fully, without flaws. If an employee performs his work carelessly (motivated by the fact that no one can see him), he thereby moves away from the truth and appropriates earnings illegally; such an attitude is prohibited by our religion.
Thus, our religion instructs a person to work, earning an honest, permitted way, remembering that we came into this world in order to pass an exam, and then appear before our Lord.
CAN AKHLYAK CHANGE?
A child is born into this world pure and sinless. If his parents give him a good upbringing, he will grow up to be a highly moral person. In the absence of such upbringing, it is difficult to expect morality and kindness from a person.
In an effort to get rid of the disease, we treat our body with various medicines. We also cleanse our soul of bad traits, improving and ennobling it.
The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “ Improve your character." These words of the Prophet prove the fact that personality traits can be changed.
Communication with immoral people over time leads to the fact that a person adopts their vices and shortcomings. The Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam) said: “Friendship with a righteous man or a sinner is comparable to friendship with a musk merchant or a blacksmith. From the first one you can buy musk or smell its aroma. With the second one, you can burn your clothes with sparks or smell its unpleasant smell.”
Our duty is to befriend good people and avoid bad ones, and if you get close to bad person, then only with the goal of helping him become better.
Morality of Imam Abu Hanifa
Imam Abu Hanifa (Rahmatullahi alaihi) is one of the great Islamic scholars who had extensive knowledge, a sharp mind and high morality. He is like a guiding star, showing the wanderer the way, by example guided seekers of Truth along the right path.
While engaged in trade matters, Abu Hanifa did not betray his moral principles. He thought more about others than about himself. One day a woman wanted to sell him a silk dress. The imam asked how much money she wanted to receive. The woman said:
- One hundred dirhams.
Abu Hanifa responded:
- This dress costs more than a hundred dirhams. Name its price.
The woman raised the price by one hundred coins, but the noble Abu Hanifa again did not agree with this. The dress, he said, was worthy of the best price.
So the price of the dress reached four hundred dirhams, but the Imam continued to insist on his own. The woman thought he was joking, but Abu Hanifa asked her to inquire about the price of the dress from someone else. That's what the woman did. The price of the dress was finally determined. Abu Hanifa bought it for 500 dirhams.
Imam Abu Hanifa showed us an example that we should never forget about the interests of other people.
QUESTIONS AND ASSIGNMENTS:
1. What is akhlyak?
2. Explain the importance Islam places on morality.
3. What is the role of faith and ibadah in the moral improvement of a person?
4. What was the disposition of the Prophet Muhammad (sallallahu alayhi wa sallam)?
5. Attitude to work from the point of view of Islamic morality.
6. Do you think a person’s character can change?
RESPONSIBILITIES OF A MUSLINA
ü Responsibilities of a Muslim
ü Responsibilities to Allah Almighty,
Prophet and Koran
ü Responsibilities to oneself
ü Culture of hospitality
ü Food culture
ü Speech culture
ü Other rules of conduct
The duties of a Muslim consist of 5 parts:
1) duties to Allah, the Koran and the Prophet;
2) responsibilities to oneself;
3) responsibilities to the family;
4) duties to one’s people and homeland;
5) duties to all humanity.
Responsibilities to Allah Almighty,
Prophet and Koran
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was married to nine women at the same time. This was allowed to him as an exception by Allah Himself
It is known that Islam allows polygamy and that this has been the cause of countless attacks and accusations from its enemies. The fact that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam was married to more than four women has also become the subject of many insinuations and slander.
The essence of all slanderous accusations fabricated by the enemies of Islam is as follows. Allegedly, Muhammad alaihis-salam was a lustful person, ready to do anything for the sake of pleasure and satisfaction of lusts. Therefore, not being satisfied with one wife and considering it insufficient to have four wives - the permissible number he established for his followers, he took ten women as wives.
The ulema gave comprehensive answers to these slanderous accusations.
First of all, it must be said that the number of the Prophet's wives increased when he was already about sixty years old. Moreover, there were certain wise intentions in this. Moreover, most of the mothers of believers (wives of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam) were older than him.
Let's think about whether a sixty-year-old man, in order to please himself, would marry a woman who is older than himself?!
The first woman whom the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam married in his youth, Khadiyja radiyallahu ankha, was fifteen years older than him. His youth passed with her.
When the venerable Khadija died, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam was fifty years old. Where is the lust here?
All the wives of the Prophet salAllahu alayhi wasallam, except the venerable Aisha radiyallahu ankh, were previously married, and some even several times. Is this what a lustful person would do?
Most of the life of the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) was spent with the venerable Khadiyja radiyallahu ankha. They lived together for twenty-five years. After the death of Khadija, the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam lived in the Blessed Mecca for another three years. After this, he made the migration - hijra. But even after the resettlement, he did not immediately have many wives.
The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) married the mothers of believers due to the demands of various circumstances and hidden divine plans.
You should also know that among the prophets, polygamy was characteristic not only of the venerable Muhammad Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. Many of his predecessors had several wives. It is possible that the status of the prophet itself required this. The legends note that Davud alaihissalam had one hundred wives, and Sulaiman alaihissalam had three hundred.
It is not surprising that due to various social, political, educational, legislative and other factors and wisdom, the number of wives of our Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam reached nine.
First of all, to bring the ideas and provisions of the new religion to women Muslim Ummah, as well as content household It was acceptable for the Prophet salAllahu alayhi wasallam to have more than four wives.
Before Islam, the number of wives was not limited at all. Everyone could get married as many times as they wanted. In this matter, limiting the desires of men, Islam adopted a provision according to which one man cannot have more than four wives at the same time. This restriction was introduced by the Holy Quran. When the verses of Surah Nisa were revealed about this, the Prophet salAllahu alayhi wasallam had nine wives. Each of them was called the Mother of the Faithful long before this. In addition, if the Prophet (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) divorced any of them, they would not be able to marry anyone else, since Allah forbade it. The wisdom of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam marrying them would lose its meaning. Therefore, Allah Almighty made an exception for His Messenger in the restriction of not having more than four wives.
We have already said that in the polygamy of the Prophet salAllahu alayhi wasallam there were a number of hidden, wise intentions. All of them are divided into two types: general and private. The general wisdom is as follows:
1. Educational wisdom
The increase in the number of wives of the Messenger of Allah sallallahu alayhi wasallam was mainly due to the training of teachers who could teach women the Islamic Ummah religion and the provisions of Sharia. It is well known that on the basis of divine law, Islam has revised all spheres of social life. And half of society is women. Despite the fact that the general training was conducted by the Messenger of Allah himself, many facets and aspects of the teachings had to be conveyed to women by women. Therefore, the mothers of the faithful served to ensure that the message of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam was fully conveyed to women. And they completed this task with honor.
Everyone knows that most of the hadiths of the Prophet salAllahu alayhi wasallam were conveyed by Abu Hurayrah to Radiyallahu Anhu. In second place is the venerable Aisha radiyallahu anha. We believe that mentioning this fact itself will be sufficient. Moreover, the Sunnah of the Prophet is not only his words. His deeds and approvals are also sunnah. Mothers of the Faithful brought to the Islamic Ummah detailed information about those deeds and states of the Prophet salAllahu alayhi wasallam direct witnesses of which they were living with him.
2. Wisdom related to the implementation of Sharia law
Another reason that the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam had many wives is manifested in the implementation of some Sharia provisions. For example, Islam abolished the tradition of “child adoption”, common in times of ignorance, and established its own provisions in its place. Based on this, Allah Almighty ordered our Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam to marry Zainab bintu Jahsh radiyallahu anha, who was divorced from Zayd ibn Harisa radiyallahu anhu with adopted sonProphet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. There was no attraction in this marriage, and its sole purpose was to confirm the abolition of the law of the times of ignorance and the implementation of the laws of Islam.
3. Social Wisdom
Another factor that determined the large number of wives of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam concerns the sphere public relations. Let's take, for example, the marriage of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam to the venerable Aisha radiyallahu ankha. This marriage served to strengthen social relations. The Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam married the daughter of Abu Bakr radiyallahu anhu to worthily reward his devotion to Islam and the Messenger of Allah, which further strengthened their relationship. The same can be said about marrying the daughter of the venerable Umar, radiyallahu ankh, the mother of the faithful Hafse radiyallahu ankh.
4. Political Wisdom
The marriage of the Prophet sallallahu alayhi wasallam to some women was also due to political necessity. Thanks to his marriages with some of his wives, Islam was accepted different tribes, communities and categories of people, which contributed to the strengthening of Muslims.
For example, in a battle with the Banu Mustalaq tribe, Juwayriyah bintu Haris was captured. She turned to the Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) for help to pay the ransom and gain freedom. The Messenger of Allah (sallallahu alayhi wasallam) said that he intended to pay the ransom for her himself and marry her. The Mother of the Believers, Juwayriyah, gave her consent. Having learned that the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam took Juwayriyah as his wife, the Muslims freed all the captives, for from now on the Prophet Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam became the son-in-law for this tribe. Thus the captives from Banu Mustalaq were freed. Seeing the valor and nobility of the Muslims, all members of this tribe entered Islam.
(to be continued...)
