Home Useful properties of fruits Holmes Ray test. Diagnosis of resistance to stress: what is stress and how to determine stress resistance. High degree of resistance to stress

Holmes Ray test. Diagnosis of resistance to stress: what is stress and how to determine stress resistance. High degree of resistance to stress

A source: Karpovich, T.N. Psychological diagnostics of the social intelligence of the individual / T.N. Karpovich. - Mozyr: Assistance, 2007. pp. 27-29.

Purpose: Drs. Holmes and Rage (USA) studied the dependence of diseases (including infectious diseases and injuries) on various stressful life events in more than five thousand patients. They came to the conclusion that mental and physical illnesses are usually preceded by certain major changes in a person's life. Based on their research, they compiled a scale in which each important and valuable event corresponds to a certain number of points, depending on the degree of its stressfulness. In accordance with the studies, it was found that 150 points mean a 50% probability of a disease, and with 300 points it increases to 90%.

Instruction: Try to remember all the events that happened to you during the last year, and calculate the total number of points you "earned".

life events

Death of a spouse.

Departure of spouses (without filing a divorce), break with a partner.

Imprisonment.

Death of a close family member

Injury or illness.

Marriage, wedding.

Dismissal from work.

Reconciliation of spouses.

Retirement.

Changes in the health status of family members.

partner's pregnancy.

Sexual problems.

The appearance of a new family member, the birth of a child.

Reorganization at work.

Change in financial position.

Death of a close friend.

Change of professional orientation, change of job.

Strengthening conflict relations with the spouse.

Loan or loan for a large purchase (for example, a house).

The end of the repayment period of a loan or loan, growing debts.

Change of position, increase in official responsibility.

The son or daughter leaves the house.

Problems with relatives of the husband (wife).

Outstanding personal achievement, success.

The spouse quits (or starts working).

Start or end of study at an educational institution.

Changing living conditions.

Refusal of some individual habits, change in stereotypes of behavior.

Problems with superiors, conflicts.

Changing conditions or hours of operation.

Change of residence.

Change of place of study.

Changing leisure or vacation habits.

Changing religious habits.

Change in social activity.

Loan or loan to buy smaller things (car, TV).

Change in individual sleep habits, sleep disturbance.

Change in the number of family members living together, change in the nature and frequency of meetings with other family members.

Changing eating habits (amount of food consumed, diet, lack of appetite, etc.).

Christmas, New Year's Eve, birthday.

Minor violation of law and order (fine for violation of traffic rules).

Interpretation of results.


Read the entire list carefully to get a general idea of ​​what stressful situations, events, and life circumstances are included. Then re-read each item, paying attention to the number of points given to each situation. Next, try to derive the arithmetic mean from those events and situations that have occurred in your life over the past two years (calculate the average number of points for the year). If any situation occurred to you more than once, then the result should be multiplied by this number of times. The final amount determines at the same time the degree of your resistance to stress.

A large number of points is an alarm Warning you of danger. Therefore, you urgently need to do something to eliminate stress. The calculated amount has another important meaning - it expresses (in numbers) your degree of stress load. For clarity, we present a comparative table of stress characteristics.

If, for example, the total score is over 300, this means a real danger, that is, you are threatened with a psychosomatic illness, since you are close to the phase of nervous exhaustion. Calculating the total points will give you the opportunity to recreate a picture of your stress. And then you will understand that not separate, seemingly insignificant events in your life caused a stressful situation, but their complex impact.

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The most important condition for a full life is good health, both physical and mental. There are many factors that affect performance, among which psychoresistance to stressful moments stands out. To determine it, the diagnosis of resistance to stress is used.

Any process of human adaptation is inextricably linked with such concepts as stress and emotional tension. The founder of the doctrine of stress is the famous psychologist Hans Selye, he defined stress as the body's response to stimuli, which consists of certain stages.

  1. Anxious state. This is the first direct reaction to stimuli.
  2. The stage of resistance. It is the body's attempt to adapt to change.
  3. Exhaustion. This last stage of stress, which means a violation of the adaptation process.

Mental stress can be recognized by certain signs. Stress is caused by the interaction of the body with the environment.

Sometimes, the impact is very strong and the body can not cope with the load. This leads to a violation of the adaptive response, which leads to changes in the human endocrine system.

If a person cannot cope with the situation on his own, he needs the help of a psychologist who can conduct and indicate techniques that help increase adaptive abilities.

Causes and stages of manifestation of stress

Stress arises from the feeling of some kind of threat, often vague, while the perception is purely subjective. Therefore, to a greater extent, the appearance of a stressful state and the degree of its complexity depends on the characteristics of the individual. Identical conditions can be perceived differently by different people.


Anxiety in this case is an important element of stress resistance, it protects and motivates the body to protect itself. When it occurs, behavioral reactions are intensified, and the adaptation mechanism is activated. There are several elements of the alarm series, which is an entry into a stressful situation.

It all starts with an internal feeling of tension, which creates psychological discomfort, then, as it grows, anxiety turns into fear, and the reaction ends with anxious-fearful excitement.

It is important to determine the level of stress resistance of a person. For this, a method for determining stress and stress resistance is used. The formation of psychological resistance to stress is a fundamental stage of social stability. Loads are becoming more and more every day, this leads to an increase in emotional stress.

Determining the level of stress and resistance to it

Diagnostics of stress resistance is carried out at the stage of determining the social adaptation of the individual. The essence of this process is that the psychophysical loads that a person is able to endure without damage to his body and health are determined. The problem is that it is difficult to adjust, since everyone has an individual reaction to stress.

In this case, it is easier and more effective to control and change the sources of stress and behavior after its impact.

Social adaptation plays an important role, it shows the ability of the individual to actively adapt to the environment. Of great importance is the adaptive potential, which is the hidden ability of a person to adapt to new and changing conditions. It, in turn, is associated with adaptive training - the potential of a person, which accumulates over time.


The adaptive potential decreases in the process of human exposure to various negative factors of the social environment, stressful events, difficulties, illnesses, prolonged exposure to extreme conditions that threaten health and life. A decrease in adaptive potential leads to maladjustment of a person. This is the direct cause of disease.

American scientists conducted studies, they showed that any stressful event in a person's life affects his health in one way or another. This also applies to significant events in a person's life. On their basis, the doctors compiled a test by which it is possible to determine how many points each event that occurs in a person's life is worth. Points are assigned depending on the level of impact of each event on health, its stressfulness.

The method for determining stress resistance allows you to establish the degree of adaptation of a particular individual. To use this table, it is worth listing all the events that occurred in the last year of life that somehow affected a person. If the event repeated more than once, the number of points assigned to the factor should be multiplied by the number of repetitions.

  • The death of loved ones is gaining a maximum number of 100 points
  • Divorce - 73
  • Relationship breakdown, quarrel - 65
  • Prison - 63 points
  • Death of a relative - 63
  • Disease, injury - 53
  • Marriage - 50
  • Leaving work - 47
  • Reconciliation with a loved one - 45
  • Retirement - 45
  • Illness of a loved one - 44
  • Expecting a child (for a man) - 40
  • Quarrels and misunderstandings with the opposite sex - 39
  • The arrival of a new family member - 39
  • Changes at work - 39
  • Increase or decrease in salary - 38
  • Departure of a friend - 37
  • Change of place or profile of activity - 36
  • Increase in conflict situations in the family - 35
  • Large loans, loans, mortgages - 31
  • The end of loan agreements, the emergence of new debts - 30
  • Career growth - 29
  • Children leave (move out) to live separately - 29
  • Tensions with relatives on the part of the spouse (wife) - 29
  • Outstanding Personal Achievement – ​​28
  • Change of working status of a family member (wife, spouse) – 26
  • Admission to study at an educational institution, graduation - 26
  • Changing habitual living conditions - 25
  • Change of habits, a radical change in stereotypes of behavior - 24
  • Conflict events at work, including with management - 23
  • Changing the work schedule, the amount of working time - 20
  • Moving - 20
  • Transfer to another educational institution - 20
  • New habits, hobbies, places of rest - 19
  • Change of religion - 19
  • Change of social position - 18
  • Loan for the purchase of household appliances and other small items - 17
  • Sleep disorders - 16
  • Change in communication with close people, relatives, the beginning of cohabitation - 15
  • Changing nutrition (habitual regimen, diet, diet and switching to other foods) - 15
  • Going on vacation - 13
  • Significant holidays for a person, family, society - 12
  • Minor offenses resulting in penalties - 11

Based on the results obtained, the level of resistance to stress is determined.

If a person scored less than 150 points, then his resistance to stressful factors is high, an indicator of 150-200 points shows high possibilities of stress resistance, 201-300 points - a threshold degree. If the score exceeds 300, you should sound the alarm, because the person is under the influence of a large number of stress factors. This situation suggests that urgent efforts must be made to eliminate stress. Otherwise, a psychosomatic illness may appear against the background of nervous exhaustion.

To improve mental health, it is necessary to minimize conflicts of motives, remove doubts that hinder personal development and increase self-doubt. It is important to study the features of your psyche, improve yourself and improve interaction with the outside world. This will allow you to endure stressful situations with less loss.

Drs. Thomas Holmes and Richard Reich (or Holmes and Rage, USA) have studied the dependence of diseases (including infectious diseases and injuries) on various stressful life events in more than five thousand patients. They concluded that 151 mental and physical illnesses are usually preceded by certain major changes in a person's life. Based on their research, they compiled a scale in which each important life event corresponds to a certain number of points, depending on the degree of its stressfulness. Test questionnaire for stress tolerance.

Stress resistance- this is the ability to withstand certain psychophysical stress and endure stress without harm to the body and psyche. It is difficult to correct when it comes to the reaction to stress. But the stressor (source of stress) and / or post-stress behavior can be corrected.

Social adaptation- the process of active adaptation of the individual to the conditions of the social environment. One of the types of social adaptation is socio-psychological adaptation, i.e. such interaction of the individual and the social environment, which leads to the optimal ratio of the goals and values ​​of the individual and the group. This type of adaptation involves the search activity of the individual, her awareness of her social status and social role behavior, the identification of the individual and the group in the process of performing joint activities, the individual's acceptance of the norms, values ​​and traditions of the social group.

Adaptive potential- the degree of the subject's latent capabilities to optimally engage in new or changing conditions of his social environment. It is associated with adaptive training - the accumulation of such a potential by a person in the process of a specially organized activity to adapt to social conditions. External difficulties, illness, a state of protracted extremeness, hunger, etc. reduce the adaptive potential of an individual, and when faced with a situation that threatens his life goals, disadaptation may occur.

Methodology for determining stress resistance and social adaptation of Holmes and Rage:

The test form contains a list of 43 traumatic events of everyday life over the past year, with different emotional coloring and significance, each of which is scored on a 100-point scale.

Life events Acuity of stress score

Death of spouse 100

Divorce 73

Departure of spouses (without filing a divorce),

Breakup with a partner 65

Imprisonment 63

Death of a close family member 63

Injury or illness 53

Marriage, wedding 50

Dismissal from work 47

Reconciliation of spouses 45

Retirement 45

Changes in the health status of family members 44

partner pregnancy 40

Sexual problems 39

The arrival of a new family member

Childbirth 39

Reorganization at work 39

Change in financial position 39

Death of a close friend 37

career changes,

job change 36

Increased conflict in relations with a spouse 35

Loan or loan for a large

Purchase (e.g. a house) 31

The expiration of the term of the loan or loan,

growing debts 30

Job changes, promotion

official position 29

Son or daughter leaving family 29

Problems with relatives of the husband (wife) 29

Outstanding Individual Achievement, Success 28

Spouse quits job (or starts working) 26

Start or end of study at

educational institution 26

Changes in living conditions 25

Rejection of some individual habits,

behavioral change 24

Problems with superiors, conflicts 23

Changing conditions or opening hours 20

Change of residence 20

Change of place of study 20

Changes in habits associated with

leisure or vacation 19

Change related habits

with religion 19

Changes in social activity 18

Loan or loan to buy less

Large items (car, TV) 17

Changing individual habits associated

with sleep, sleep disturbance 16

Change in the number of family members living together,

change in the nature and frequency of meetings with

other family members 15

Changing eating habits

(amount of food consumed, diet,

lack of appetite, etc.) 15

Vacation 13

Christmas, New Year's Eve,

birthday 12

Minor violation of law and order (fine for

violation of traffic rules) 11

Interpretation

Count the number of points corresponding to those events and situations that have occurred in life over the past year.

Less than 150- Sufficient resistance to stress

150-199 points - High resistance

200 - 299 - Threshold resistance

300 or more- Low (vulnerability)

Sufficiently high degree of resistance to stress.You reveal a fairly high degree of stress tolerance. You are characterized by a minimum degree of stress. Any activity of a person, regardless of its direction and nature, is the more effective, the higher the level of stress resistance. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that has a strong stressful nature. Increasing the level of stress resistance of the individual directly and directly leads to the prolongation of life.

High resistance. You are characterized by a low level of stress. You reveal a high degree of a high degree of stress resistance. You do not spend your energy and resources on fighting negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress. Therefore, any of your activities, regardless of its direction and nature, becomes more effective. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that has a stressful nature. Increasing the level of stress resistance of the individual directly and directly leads to the prolongation of life.

Threshold (average) degree of resistance to stress. You are characterized by an average degree of stress. You reveal the average degree of stress resistance. Your stress tolerance decreases as more stressful situations in your life increase. This leads to the fact that a person is forced to spend the lion's share of his energy and resources in general to fight against negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that is to a small extent stressful in nature.

Low degree of resistance to stress. You are characterized by a high degree of stress. You reveal a low degree of stress resistance (vulnerability). This leads to the fact that a person is forced to spend the lion's share of his energy and resources in general to fight against negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one in which the stressful nature is reduced to a minimum. A high score (more than 300) is an alarm that warns you of danger. Therefore, you urgently need to do something to eliminate stress.

If the total score is 300, then you are at risk of psychosomatic illness, because you are close to the phase of nervous exhaustion.

When needed: the questionnaire diagnoses stress resistance and social adaptation.

Holmes and Rage Questionnaire

Instruction

Read the entire list carefully to get a general idea of ​​what stressful situations, events, and life circumstances are included. Then read each paragraph again. Next, enter in the corresponding column the number of times
The situation has taken place over the past two years.

Test

life events Answers
Times
per year
1 Death of spouse
2 Divorce
3 Departure of spouses (without filing a divorce), break with a partner
4 Imprisonment
5 Death of a close family member
6 Injury or illness
7 Marriage, wedding
8 Dismissal from work
9 Reconciliation of spouses
10 Retirement
11 Change in health status of family members
12 partner pregnancy
13 Intersexual problems
14 The arrival of a new family member, the birth of a child
15 Reorganization at work
16 Change in financial position
17 Death of a close friend
18 Change of professional orientation, change of job
19 Increased conflict in relationship with spouse
20 Loan or loan for a large purchase (such as a house)
21 Loan or loan due date, growing debts
22 Change of position, increase in official responsibility
23 Son or daughter leaving home
24 Problems with relatives of the husband (wife)
25 Outstanding Individual Achievement, Achievement
26 Spouse quits job (or starts working)
27 Start or end of study at an educational institution
28 Changing living conditions
29 Refusal of some individual habits, changing stereotypes
behavior
30 Problems with superiors, conflicts
31 Changing conditions or opening hours
32 Change of residence
33 Change of place of study
34 Changing leisure or vacation habits
36 Change in religious habits
36 Change in social activity
37 Loan or loan to buy smaller things (car, TV)
38 Change in individual sleep habits, sleep disturbance
39 Change in the number of family members living together, change in character
and frequency of meetings with other family members
40 Changing eating habits (the amount of food consumed
food, diet, lack of appetite, etc.)
41 Vacation
42 Christmas, New Year's Eve, birthday
43 Minor violation of law and order (penalty for violation of the rules
street traffic)

Thank you for your responses!

Key to Holmes and Rage's Resilience Test

Description

The Holmes and Rage method diagnoses stress resistance and social adaptation in employees.

Stress resistance should be understood as the ability to withstand certain psychophysical stress and endure stress without harm to the body and psyche. It is difficult to correct when it comes to the reaction to stress. But the stressor (source of stress) and / or post-stress behavior can be corrected.

Social adaptation is the process of active adaptation of an individual to the conditions of the social environment. One of the types of social adaptation is socio-psychological adaptation, that is, such interaction of the individual and the social environment that leads to the optimal ratio of the goals and values ​​of the individual and the group. This type of adaptation involves the search activity of the individual, her awareness of her social status and social role behavior, the identification of the individual and the group in the process of performing joint activities, the individual's acceptance of the norms, values ​​and traditions of the social group.

Adaptive potential - the degree of the subject's hidden capabilities to optimally engage in new or changing conditions of his social environment. It is associated with adaptive training - the accumulation of such a potential by a person in the process of a specially organized activity to adapt to social conditions. External difficulties, illness, a state of protracted extremeness, hunger, etc. reduce the adaptive potential of an individual, and when faced with a situation that threatens his life goals, disadaptation may occur.

Drs. Thomas Holmes and Richard Reich (or Holmes and Rage, USA) have studied the relationship of disease, including infectious disease and injury, to various stressful life events in more than 5,000 patients. They concluded that 151 mental and physical illnesses are usually preceded by certain major changes in a person's life. Based on their research, they compiled a scale in which each important life event corresponds to a certain number of points, depending on the degree of its stressfulness.

Key to the test

The appraised in the form with the situation notes the events that happened to him during the last year. Points must be calculated according to the table below. If any situation occurred more than once, then the number of points should be multiplied by the number of times indicated by the subjects.

Points Points
1. 100 23. 29
2. 73 24. 29
3. 65 25. 28
4. 63 26. 26
5. 63 27. 26
6. 53 28. 25
7. 50 29. 24
8. 47 30. 23
9. 45 31. 20
10. 45 32. 20
11. 44 33. 20
12. 40 34. 19
13. 39 35. 19
14. 39 36. 18
15. 39 37. 17
16. 38 38. 16
17. 37 39. 15
18. 36 40. 15
19. 35 41. 13
20. 31 42. 12
21. 30 43. 11
22. 29

Result interpretation

Greater degree of resistance to stress.

The assessed person has a very high degree of stress resistance. It is characterized by a minimum degree of stress. Any activity of a person, regardless of its direction and nature, is the more effective, the higher the level of stress resistance. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that has a strong stressful nature. Increasing the level of stress resistance of the individual directly and directly leads to the prolongation of life.

High degree of resistance to stress.

The assessed person has a high degree of stress tolerance. His energy and resources are not wasted on fighting the negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress. Therefore, any activity of the person being assessed, regardless of its direction and nature, becomes more effective. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that has a stressful nature.

Threshold (average) degree of resistance to stress.

The assessed person has an average degree of stress load. His stress resistance decreases with the increase in stressful situations in life. This leads to the fact that a person is forced to spend the lion's share of his energy and resources in general to fight against negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that is to a small extent stressful in nature. A believer, as a rule, is more stress-resistant due to his inner ability for spiritual self-restraint and humility.

Low degree of resistance to stress.

The assessed person has a low degree of stress resistance (vulnerability). This leads to the fact that a person is forced to spend the lion's share of his energy and resources in general to fight against negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress.

A large number of points (more than 300) is an alarm warning of danger. Therefore, something urgently needs to be done to eliminate stress.

If the total score is over 300, then the subject is at risk of psychosomatic illness, since he is close to the phase of nervous exhaustion.

Stress resistance is the ability to withstand certain psychophysical stress and endure stress without harm to the body and psyche. It is difficult to correct when it comes to the reaction to stress. But the stressor (source of stress) and / or post-stress behavior can be corrected.

Social adaptation - the process of active adaptation of the individual to the conditions of the social environment. One of the types of social adaptation is socio-psychological adaptation, i.e. such interaction of the individual and the social environment, which leads to the optimal ratio of the goals and values ​​of the individual and the group. This type of adaptation involves the search activity of the individual, her awareness of her social status and social role behavior, the identification of the individual and the group in the process of performing joint activities, the individual's acceptance of the norms, values ​​and traditions of the social group.

Adaptive potential - the degree of hidden possibilities of the subject to optimally engage in new or changing conditions of the social environment surrounding him. It is associated with adaptive training - the accumulation of such a potential by a person in the process of a specially organized activity to adapt to social conditions. External difficulties, illness, a state of protracted extremeness, hunger, etc. reduce the adaptive potential of an individual, and when faced with a situation that threatens his life goals, disadaptation may occur.

Drs. Thomas Holmes and Richard Reich (or Holmes and Rage, USA) have studied the dependence of diseases (including infectious diseases and injuries) on various stressful life events in more than five thousand patients. They concluded that 151 mental and physical illnesses are usually preceded by certain major changes in a person's life. Based on their research, they compiled a scale in which each important life event corresponds to a certain number of points, depending on the degree of its stressfulness.

Test questionnaire for stress tolerance. Methodology for determining stress resistance and social adaptation of Holmes and Rage:

Instruction.

Try to remember all the events that happened to you during last year, and calculate the total number of points you "earned". If you have experienced any situation more than once, then the result should be multiplied by this number of times.

test material.

life events

Points

Death of a spouse.

Departure of spouses (without filing a divorce), break with a partner.

Imprisonment.

Death of a close family member.

Injury or illness.

Marriage, wedding.

Dismissal from work.

Reconciliation of spouses.

Retirement.

Changes in the health status of family members.

partner's pregnancy.

Intersexual problems.

The appearance of a new family member, the birth of a child.

Reorganization at work.

Change in financial position.

Death of a close friend.

Change of professional orientation, change of job.

Strengthening conflict relations with the spouse.

Loan or loan for a large purchase (for example, a house).

The end of the repayment period of a loan or loan, growing debts.

Change of position, increase in official responsibility.

The son or daughter leaves the house.

Problems with relatives of the husband (wife).

Outstanding personal achievement, success.

The spouse quits (or starts working).

Start or end of studies at an educational institution.

Changing living conditions.

Refusal of some individual habits, change in stereotypes of behavior.

Problems with superiors, conflicts.

Changing conditions or hours of operation.

Change of residence.

Change of place of study.

Changing leisure or vacation habits.

Changing religious habits.

Change in social activity.

Loan or loan to buy smaller things (car, TV).

Change in individual sleep habits, sleep disturbance.

Change in the number of family members living together, change in the nature and frequency of meetings with other family members.

Changing eating habits (amount of food consumed, diet, lack of appetite, etc.).

Christmas, New Year's Eve, birthday.

Minor violation of law and order (fine for violation of traffic rules).

Treatment is carried out in the form of summing up the scores of events that were present in the life of the tested person over the past year

Key.

Interpretation.

Greater degree of resistance to stress.
You show a very high degree of stress resistance.
You are characterized by a minimum degree of stress.
Any activity of a person, regardless of its direction and nature, is the more effective, the higher the level of stress resistance. This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that has a strong stressful nature.
Increasing the level of stress resistance of the individual directly and directly leads to the prolongation of life.

High degree of resistance to stress
You show a high degree of stress resistance.
You do not spend your energy and resources on fighting negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress. Therefore, any of your activities, regardless of its direction and nature, becomes more effective.
This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that has a stressful nature.

Threshold (average) degree of stress resistance
You are characterized by an average degree of stress.
Your stress tolerance decreases as more stressful situations in your life increase. This leads to the fact that a person is forced to spend the lion's share of his energy and resources in general to fight against negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress.
This makes it possible to talk about managerial activity as one that is to a small extent stressful in nature.
A believer, as a rule, is more stress-resistant, due to his inner ability for spiritual self-restraint and humility.

Low stress tolerance
You are characterized by a high degree of stress.
You reveal a low degree of stress resistance (vulnerability).
This leads to the fact that a person is forced to spend the lion's share of his energy and resources in general to fight against negative psychological states that arise in the process of stress.

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