Ad-Dukha (Arabic: صَلَاةُ الضُّحَى) consists of two words صَلاةٌ (prayer, namaz) and ضُحًى (morning (after sunrise)) and means prayer after sunrise, dukha namaz.
Al-Bukhari (1178) and Muslim (721) reported a hadith from Abu Hurayrah who said: “My dearest friend advised me to do three things that I will not give up until the day I die. (He advised me) to fast for three days every month, perform additional dukha prayer and go to bed (only) after performing Witr.”
Question: What reliable hadiths are given regarding the dignity of the spirit of prayer?
Answer: Praise be to Allah.
Firstly: duha-namaz is sunnah muakkada, and it is reliably known that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم did it, as reported by Muslim (1176) in the hadith of Aisha رضي الله عنها, who said: “ The Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم prayed salat ad-duha for 4 rak'ahs and added as much as Allah desired».
The Prophet عليه الصلاة والسلام directed his companions to the spirit prayer as it comes in the hadiths.
Sheikh Ibn Baz رحمه الله said in Majmoo al-Fatawa, 11/389: “Salat ad-duha is the sunnah of muakkada, which the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم did and directed his companions to it.”
Secondly: regarding the dignity of the spirit of prayer There are several hadiths from the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم. Some of them:
1. It is narrated from Abu Dharra رضي الله عنه that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
يصْبِحُ عَلَى كُلِّ سُلَامَى مِنْ أَحَدِكُمْ صَدَقَةٌ ، فَكُلُّ تَسْبِيحَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَكُلُّ تَحْمِيدَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَكُلُّ تَهْلِيلَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَكُلُّ تَكْبِيرَةٍ صَدَقَةٌ وَأَمْرٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَنَهْيٌ عَنْ الْمُنْكَرِ صَدَقَةٌ ، وَيُجْزِئُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ رَكْعَتَانِ يَرْكَعُهُمَا مِنْ الضُّحَى
“When morning comes, each of you should be given sadaqah. Every utterance of the words “subhanallah” سبحان الله is sadaqa, and every utterance of the words “alhamdulillah” الحمد لله is sadaqa, and every utterance of the words “la ilaha illallah” لا إله إلا الله is sadaqa, and every utterance of the words “Allahu Akbar” الله أكبر is sadaqa, and encouragement to do what is approved - sadaqa, and withholding what is blameworthy - sadaqa, but all this is replaced by two rak'ahs of the spirit-salat."(Muslim, 1181).
An-Nawawi رحمه الله said: “The words of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم: “yuji min zalik” - “all this replaces itself (two rak’ahs of the spirit-salat)", we pronounce it as "yajzi" And " Yuji", And "yuji"- from the word “ replacement" ("ijza" إجزاء), A “yajzi” - “compensation, reward”, i.e. “providing, bringing benefit.” Similar to this are the words of Allah Almighty:
لَا تَجْزِي نَفْس
“...no man can benefit another...”. The hadith says:
لَا يَجْزِي عَنْ أَحَد بَعْدك
“It won’t benefit anyone after you...”
This contains a dalil on the greatness of the dignity of the spirit-salat, and that it can be performed in two rak'ahs."(Sharh Muslim an-Nawawi).
2. Al-Bukhari (1178) and Muslim (721) narrated a hadith from Abu Hurayrah رضي الله عنه, who said: “My dearest friend advised me to do three things that I will not give up until the day I die. (He advised me) to fast for three days every month, perform additional dukha prayer and go to bed (only) after performing Witr.”
Abud-Darda رضي الله عنه said: “My beloved prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم bequeathed to me three things that I will not give up as long as I live: to fast for three days every month, to perform dukha prayer and not to sleep until I perform witr.”(Muslim, 1183).
Al-Qurtubi رحمه الله said: “The testament of the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم Abud-Darda and Abu Hurayrah رضي الله عنهما indicates the dignity of the spirit of prayer and the great reward for its performance , if you do it constantly and don’t leave it” (“al-Mufhim lima Ashkal min talkhis Muslim").
3. From Abud Darda and Abu Zarra رضي الله عنهما it is reported that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم reported the words of Allah:
ابْنَ آدَمَ ارْكَعْ لِي مِنْ أَوَّلِ النَّهَارِ أَرْبَعَ رَكَعَاتٍ ، أَكْفِكَ آخِرَهُ
“O son of Adam, make 4 rak’ahs for Me at the beginning of the day, and I will deliver you at the end of it.”
, the hadith was reported by at-Tirmidhi (437), and Sheikh al-Albani called him sahih.
Al-Mubarakfuri رحمه الله said: "At the Beginning of the Day", - they said what they mean duha prayer, ishraq prayer or sunnah and fard of fajra prayer, because it is performed at the beginning of the day. I said that at-Tirmidhi and Abu Dawud carried these rak'ahs to the duha prayer, and they placed this hadith in the chapter “Salat ad-duha”.
"I will deliver you"- i.e. from your worries, “at its end” - i.e. at the end of the day.
At-Tybi said: “That is. I will relieve you from your worries and protect you from what you hate, after your prayer and until the end of the day. Purify your soul at the beginning of the day, and I will purify your soul at the end of the day, fulfilling your needs" (Tuhfat al-Ahwazi, 2\478).
4. It was narrated from Abu Hurayrah رضي الله عنه that the Messenger of Allah صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
لا يحافظ على صلاة الضحى إلا أواب، وهي صلاة الأوابين
“No one will steadfastly pray the prayer of the Spirit except the penitent, and truly it is the prayer of the penitent!” The hadith was narrated by Ibn Khuzaymah, and al-Albani called him Hasan in Sahih al-Targhib wat-Tarhib, 1\164).
5. Anas bin Malik رضي الله عنه narrated that the Prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم said:
منْ صَلَّى الْغَدَاةَ فِي جَمَاعَةٍ ، ثُمَّ قَعَدَ يَذْكُرُ اللَّهَ حَتَّى تَطْلُعَ الشَّمْسُ ، ثُمَّ صَلَّى رَكْعَتَيْنِ ، كَانَتْ لَهُ كَأَجْرِ حَجَّةٍ ، وَعُمْرَةٍ ، تَامَّةٍ ، تَامَّةٍ ، تَامَّةٍ
"For the one who committed morning prayer in the jamaat, after which he remained sitting in place and remembered Allah until the sun rose, and then performed two rak’ahs of prayer, this will be a reward for him, as for performing a full, full, full-fledged hajj and umrah.”
The hadith was narrated by at-Tirmidhi, 586, and Sheikh al-Albani رحمه الله called him Hassan in Sahih Sunan at-Tirmidhi.
Al-Mubarakfuri رحمه الله said in “Tuhfat al-Ahwazi bisharkh Jami' at-Tirmidhi”, 3\158: “His words “then performed two rak’ahs", i.e. after sunrise. At-Tybi said: “That is. then he made a prayer after the sun rose to the height of a spear, when the undesirable time ends, and this prayer is called “ishrak-namaz,” and this is the beginning of the time of salat ad-duha.”
Question: What is the right time to perform Salat al-Ishraq and Salat al-Duha?
Answer: Salah al-Ishraq is the prayer of ad-spirit performed at the beginning of its time, and these are not two different prayers. It was called “al-ishrak”, because. It is done almost immediately after sunrise (“shurukya”).
Shaykh Ibn Baz said: “Salat al-Ishraq is the salat of ad-spirit at the beginning of his time.”(“Majmu fatawa ash-sheikh Ibn Baz”, 11\401).
The time of the spirit prayer begins after sunrise and rising of the sun and ends shortly before Zuhr prayer
Sheikh Ibn Uthaymin defined this time as the time starting from sunrise (in a quarter of an hour) and before Zuhr prayer begins, 10 minutes (“ash-Sharkh al-Mumti”, 4\122).
All this time is the time of the spirit-salat.
It is best to pray dukha-namaz after the heat of the sun increases, according to the words of the prophetصلى الله عليه وسلم:
صلاة الأوابين حين ترمض الفصال
“The prayer of the penitents is when the fisal (baby camels) become warm (from the sun)”(Muslim, 748).
AND “fisal” means baby camels, and “heating up” means that the scorching heat is intensifying(Ibn Baz, “Majmu Fatawa”, 11\395).
Scientists have determined that this time occurs after a quarter of the daylight hours have passed, i.e. half the time between sunrise and the Zuhr prayer (see al-Majmu'a al-Nawawi, 4\36, al-Mawsu'a al-fiqkhiya, 27\224).
Sheikh Ibn Uthaymeen رحمه الله chose the opinion that The dukha prayer is not replenished if its time is up. Asked him, Is it possible to replenish the spirit of prayer or not?
He replied: " If the time of the “spirit” is over, then the prayer is over, because the sunnah of the spirit-salat is connected with time. But if the ravatibs following fard prayers were missed, then they can be compensated, and so is witr, as it is reliably known in the sunnah that when the prophet صلى الله عليه وسلم was overcome by sleep or illness at night, he performed 12 rak'ats during the day. And the witr is also replenished” (“Majmu fatawa ash-sheikh Ibn Uthaymin”, 14\305). It is reported from the words of Abu Dharr that the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - said: “Sadaka (alms) is imposed on each of your joints. Every utterance of the words: “al-hamdu li-Llah!” - this is sadaqah, every utterance of the words: “la ilaha illa Allah!” - this is sadaqa, the command of the approved is sadaqa, the prohibition of the condemned is sadaqa, but instead of all this, it will be sufficient to perform two rak’ats from the prayer of the spirit” (Muslim).
They report from the words of Abu ad-Darda - may Allah be pleased with him! - who said: “The person I love (that is, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) bequeathed to me three things that I do not leave while I live: three days of fasting in each month, prayer-spirit and that I should not go to bed until I will not perform Witr prayer” (Muslim).
Abu Hurayrah - may Allah be pleased with him! - also said: “The person I love bequeathed to me three things: three days of fasting in each month, two rak’ats of prayer-spirit and that I perform the prayer-witr before I go to bed” (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
Some Hanbalis said that it is not advisable to perform this prayer constantly, lest it become like the obligatory prayers, and that Ibn Mas'ud and some others were not persistent in performing it.
Legal status of prayer-spirit in relation to the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him.
There was a disagreement among scholars as to whether the spirit prayer was obligatory for the Messenger of Allah. However, scholars are unanimous that it is not obligatory for other Muslims.
Most say that the spirit prayer was not obligatory for the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings be upon him. The Shafi'is, some Malikis and some Hanbalis said that it refers to such injunctions, the obligatory fulfillment of which extended only to the Messenger of Allah, and the minimum that he had to perform from it was two rak'ats.
Consistency in performing prayer-spirit
There is also disagreement among scholars about what is better: to perform the spirit prayer constantly or to perform it from time to time. The majority argues that it is advisable to do it constantly, in accordance with general rule, arising from reliable hadiths, such as the words of the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - “The most beloved deed for Allah Almighty is that which is done constantly, even if it is insignificant” (Muslim), - etc.
At-Tabarani reported in al-Awsat from the words of Abu Hureyra - may Allah be pleased with him! - that the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - said: “Truly, in Paradise there is a gate called “ad-Spirit”. On the Day of Resurrection, the herald will proclaim: “Where are those who persevered in the prayer-spirit? This is your gate. Enter them by the grace of Allah!”
Also, from his words, Ibn Khuzaimah conveys in his “sahih” that the Messenger of Allah - peace and blessings be upon him! - said: “Only those who repent [to Allah] keep the prayer-spirit, and it is the prayer of the repentant.”
According to the statement, which is recognized as reliable in the Hanbali madhhab and which the author of “al-ikmal” conveys from the Hanbali jama’a, it is not desirable to constantly perform the prayer-spirit, but on the contrary, it is desirable to perform it sometimes, in accordance with the words 'Aisha - may Allah be pleased with her! “I have never seen the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - performed the prayer of the spirit" (al-Bukhari and Muslim).
It is also reported from the words of Abu Sa'id al-Khudri: “Sometimes the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! – performed the prayer-spirit [so regularly] that we began to say that he did not leave it at all, and [sometimes] he left it, and we began to say that he did not perform it” (at-Tirmidhi).
Moreover, the constancy in its performance, according to them, likens it to obligatory prayers.
Abu al-Khattab said: “It is advisable to perform it constantly, since the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - bequeathed to his companions to perform it and said: “Whoever persists in performing two rak’ats of prayer-spirit, his sins will be forgiven, even if they are like sea foam” (at-Tirmidhi).
Time to perform the prayer-spirit
There is no disagreement among scholars of fiqh that the best time to perform the spirit prayer is when the sun rises and the heat of the sun intensifies, in accordance with the words of the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! – “Prayer of the Penitents ( al-awwabin) occurs at the time when the camels begin to burn themselves on the heated sand” (Muslim).
At-Tahawi said: “The preferred time for performing it is after the end of the fourth part of daytime.”
In “Mawahib ul-Jalil” it is written: “Al-Juzuliy said: “The beginning of her time is when the sun rises, its radiance intensifies and the light color of the dawn disappears, and the end of her time is the fall.” According to al-Khattab, Sheikh Zarrouk said: “ Best time to perform it - when on the eastern side the sun is at the same height as it is on the western side during the afternoon prayer (‘asr).”
Al-Mawardi said: “The preferred time to perform it is after the end of the fourth part of daytime.”
Al-Bahuti said: “It is best to do it when the heat increases.”
Scholars disagree on the boundaries of what is permissible for performing the spirit-of-time prayer. Most say that the time of prayer-spirit begins when the sun rises and ends shortly before sunset, when there comes a time in which prayer is not allowed.
An-Nawawi writes in ar-rawdah: “Our comrades (Shafiites) say that the time for the prayer-spirit begins from the moment the sun rises, but it is advisable to postpone its performance until the sun rises higher.”
This statement is supported by a hadith, which Ahmad reports from the words of Abu Murra at-Taifi, who said: “I heard the Messenger of Allah - peace and blessings be upon him! - said: “Allah says: “O son of Adam, do not be powerless to perform four rak’ats for Me at the beginning of your day, which will be enough for you for the whole day.”
However, al-Awza'i said: “As for the reports about this from the Companions, there is ambiguity on this matter. From their words, the first statement is generally known (that is, the opinion of the majority of scientists).”
Ar-Ramali the Elder, in his notes on the commentaries of al-Rauda, after mentioning the above statement of al-Nawawi, writes: “I do not know anyone who would claim the same thing. This is either some rare opinion or an insertion of copyists.”
The number of rak'ats in the prayer of the Spirit
There is no disagreement among scholars of fiqh that it is advisable to perform the spirit prayer of at least two rak'ats.
I convey from the words of Abu Zarra, may Allah be pleased with him! - that the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - said: “Sadaka (alms) is imposed on each of your joints. Every utterance of the words: “subhana-Llah!” is sadaqah, every utterance of the words: “al-hamdu li-Llah!” - this is sadaqah, every utterance of the words: “la ilaha illa Allah!” - this is sadaqa, every utterance of the words: “Allahu Akbar!” is sadaqa, the command of the approved is sadaqa, the prohibition of the condemned is sadaqa, but instead of all this, it will be sufficient to perform two rak’ats from the prayer-spirit” (Muslim).
From this hadith it follows that the minimum of what a prayer-spirit should consist of is two rak’ats.
Scientists have different opinions regarding the maximum number of rak'ats. The Hanbalis (according to the main opinion of their madhhab) and Malikis say that the prayer of the spirit is performed with a maximum of eight rak'ats, in accordance with the hadith transmitted from Umm Hani'i that the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - on the day of the conquest of Mecca, he entered her house and performed eight rak’ats. Umm Hani'i said: “And I have never seen him perform a prayer shorter than this, despite the fact that in it he fully performed the waist and prostrations"(al-Bukhari and Muslim).
The Malikis said that exceeding eight rak'ats is condemnable if the added rak'ats are performed with the intention of prayer-spirit, and not simply as a separate additional prayer (nafl mutlyaq). As they say the average size prayers of the spirit are six rak'ats.
The Hanafis, some Shafi'is (not the main opinion in their madhhab), as well as Ahmad (according to one version of his statements on this matter) said that maximum amount There are twelve rak'ats of prayer-spirit, based on the hadith transmitted by at-Tirmidhi and an-Nasa'i through a weak chain of transmitters, which says that the Prophet - peace and blessings of Allah be upon him! - said: “Whoever performs the spirit prayer of twelve rak’ats, Allah will build him a palace of gold in Paradise.”
Ibn ‘Abidin, referring to “sharhu-l-munya,” writes: “It is accepted that it is permissible to act in accordance with a weak hadith, which talks about the merits of deeds.”
The Hanafi scholar al-Haskafi, referring to “az-zahair-l-ashrafiyya” writes: “The middle and best size prayers of the spirit are eight rak'ats, as this has been reliably established from the actions and words of the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him. Concerning more rak'ats, then this is established only from his words. But this applies to the case when the prayer-spirit, consisting of more than eight rak’ats, is performed with one salam. If the rak’ats are separated by salams, then no matter how many rak’ats you add, it will only be better.”
Shafi'i statements about the largest number of rak'ats of prayer-spirit vary. In al-Minhaj, al-Nawawi says that the greatest number is twelve, but in his commentary on al-Muhazzab he states otherwise and refers to the majority of scholars who say that the greatest number is eight. In “Raudatu-t-Talibin” he writes that it is better to perform eight rak’ats, and the maximum number is twelve, and that one must say salam between every two rak’ats.
Surahs that are read in the prayer of the Spirit
Ibn ‘Abidin said: “The suras “ash-Shams” (“Sun”) and “ad-Spirit” (“Morning”) are read in it.” Also in his words there is an indication that one should limit oneself to only these suras, even if more than two rak’ats are performed.
Narrated from the words of ‘Uqba b. ‘Amir, may Allah be pleased with him! - who said: “Messenger of Allah - peace and blessings be upon him! - ordered me to perform the dukha prayer and read in it the surahs “ash-Shams” and “ad-Dukha”” (Ibn Hajar).
In “nihayatu-l-mukhtaj” it is written: “It is advisable to read in them – that is, in two rak’ats of the prayer-spirit – suras “al-Kafirun” (“The Unbelievers”) and “al-Ikhlas” (“Purification of the Faith” ). This is better than reading surahs “ash-Shams” and “ad-Duha”, although there are also hadiths regarding them, because “al-Ikhlas” is equated to a third of the Koran, and “al-Kafirun” to a quarter.”
Ash-Shubramalsi said: “They (“al-Kafirun” and “al-Ikhlas”) are also read in those rak’ats that are performed after the first two rak’ats, but only if four or six rak’ats are not performed in the form of one prayer, since there is no desirability in reading suras from the Koran after the first tashahhud. Also, in any other additional prayer in which there are two tashahhuds, do not read suras from the Koran after the first tashahhud.”
In addition to the obligatory prayers and those prayers that the Final Messenger of the Almighty (s.g.v.) almost never missed or did it occasionally, there is another type of prayer practice. We are talking about nafl prayers (voluntary prayers).
Let's look at the most common examples of this type of prayer. Some of them are carried out specifically set time, while for others there are no such requirements.
1. Tahajjud
This prayer is read either in the first part of the night, or in the middle, or at the end of the dark time of the day. That is why it is often called “salatul-layl” (night prayer). However, it must follow strictly after the obligatory night prayer (Isha). In the collection of hadiths of Imam at-Tirmidhi, the following statement of the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) is given: “The time when a believer is closest to his Lord is the middle and the last part nights. If you are able to be among those who can remember Allah at this time, then do so.”
The Tahajjud prayer does not involve performing any a certain number rakat. However, scholars in the field of fiqh of different madhhabs say that this prayer should be performed in two to eight rakats. It is not recommended to read the Tahajjud collectively, because the Grace of the Worlds, Muhammad (s.g.w.), did not practice this.
2. Spirit
The time of this prayer is from the moment half an hour has passed since sunrise until the zenith. The spirit can be read in two, four and eight rak'ahs.
3. Prayer of ablution
This prayer consists of two rak'ahs. It is read immediately after a person has taken it. The sources claim that to perform this prayer, it is necessary that the person’s water does not evaporate from the parts of his body that he has washed. In the collections of hadiths of Muslim, Abu Dawud and an-Nasai, there is a saying of the Final Prophet of God (s.a.w.), in which regarding this prayer he says the following: “Whoever from among you performs ablution properly and sincerely recites the prayer, consisting of two rak'ahs will certainly be worthy of Paradise.
4. Namaz greeting the mosque
This prayer, like the previous one, includes only two rak'ahs, which must be read immediately after entering the Muslim temple. Al-Bukhari, Muslim, an-Nasai, Ahmad cite in their collections a hadith that the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) called on Muslims to perform a prayer of greeting before they sit there. If a person suddenly forgot to read this prayer and sat down, then he can get back on his feet and perform this additional prayer. When a believer, upon entering the mosque, immediately began to read not an additional prayer of greeting, but, for example, a fard part or sunnah of one of the five obligatory daily prayers, then in this case there is no need for him to perform nafl prayer.
The question often arises about what to do if a person comes to the mosque several times a day. Theologians have different opinions on this matter. Someone says that, in general, it is enough to read this voluntary prayer once. Others point out that the previously mentioned hadith should be interpreted literally, and therefore every time a Muslim enters a mosque, he should recite the prayer of greeting.
At the same time, there is a unanimous opinion of Muslim scholars about when this prayer should not be performed:
- When entering the Forbidden Mosque in Mecca, tawaf (circumvention around the Kaaba) is used as a greeting.
- On holidays of breaking the fast and before entering the mosque to perform the holiday prayer, this additional prayer is not read. In the traditions about the Prophet Muhammad (s.a.w.) it is reported that he did not commit any additional prayer neither before nor after Eid prayers.
- If, upon entering the mosque, one of the obligatory prayers is being performed there, then the believer should join it, and not read an additional prayer.
5. Istikhara prayer
This prayer is read by a person when he is in a situation of important choice. By reading this prayer, which consists of two rak'ahs, the believer asks the Almighty for help and blessings.
“Allahumma inni astakhiru-kya bi-‘ilmi-kya wa astakdirukya bi-kuderati-kya wa as’alyu-kya min fadli-kya-l-‘azim. Fa-inna-kya takdiru wa la aqdiru, wa ta’lyamu wa la a’lyamu, wa Anta ‘allamu-l-guyube! Allahumma in kunta ta'lamu anna haza-l-amra (here you need to say what the person wants) hairun li fi dini, wa ma'ashi wa 'akibati amri, fa-kdur-hu li wa yassir-khu li, sum barik li fi-hi; wa in kunta ta'lamu anna haza-l-amra sharrun li fi dini, wa ma'ashi wa 'akibati amri, fa-srif-hu 'an-ni wa-srif-ni 'an-hu wa-kdur lia-l -haira haisu kyana, sum ardi-ni bi-hi"
Translation: “O Supreme, I ask You for good, because You know everything. I ask for the manifestation of Your power on the basis of Your powers. I ask You to show mercy. You are omnipotent, and I am completely helpless. You encompass everything with Your knowledge, but I am ignorant. You know absolutely everything! O Almighty Lord! If You know that the matter (what a person asks) is good for me, from the point of view of my well-being in this mortal life and in the eternal, then make it real for me, make it easier for me and give me barakat in the future. German If You believe that my request contains evil for me, for my piety, for my life in this world and in eternity, then remove this matter from me and remove me from it. And let me achieve good where it is, then make me happy with it.”
6. Hajjat prayer
This prayer is performed when a person has some urgent need for the Almighty to help him. It is read in two or four rak'ahs. There is no fixed time for this prayer, but it is best to perform it after the fifth obligatory prayer(isha). In the first rak'ah after Surah Fatiha, the verse al-Kursi is read three times. In the second rak'ah it is necessary to read Surah "Ikhlas", in the third - "Falyak", in the fourth - "Nas".
May Allah accept your prayers!
Ad-Duh prayer is an optional, but desirable prayer, for which a special time is allocated in the day.
This time comes when the sun rises and rises to spear height (about 3.5 meters, half an hour after sunrise). The end of the Ad-Dukha prayer occurs at noon and coincides in time with the lunchtime prayer. The best time for this prayer comes after a quarter of the daylight hours have passed.
By His Mercy, Allah Almighty has blessed the believers various types worship, for which He prepared for them a great reward. However, unfortunately, we often do not perform them due to various reasons: lack of iman, laziness, lack of time, busyness, ignorance, etc. Therefore, when preparing of this material I, first of all, hoped to remind myself, and then my fellow believers, of the need to stock up every day with those things that we will most need on that Day when “neither wealth nor children will help in the sight of Allah.” Such activities include voluntary morning prayer, which in Arabic is called ad-duha.
2. Prayer of “ad-spirit” and its other names
3. The time of the onset and end of the “ad-spirit” prayer
4. Sharia law about the prayer of “hell-spirit”
5. Number of rakats of the “ad-spirit” prayer
6. Reliable hadiths on the merits of performing the ad-spirit prayer
7. Reliable traditions about the performance of the “ad-spirit” prayer by the Companions
8. Collective performance of the ad-duha prayer in the mosque is a religious innovation
1. Definition of the word “hell-spirit”
The word "hell-spirit" has several meanings:(1) first half of the day before noon, morning.
“On the Day when they see him, it will seem to them that they have spent only an evening or a morning in this world” (Surah al-Naziat, verse 46). Ibn Abbas said: “As for the evening (ashiya), it is the period of time from noon to sunset. As for the “morning” (spirit), it is the period of time from sunrise to noon” (“Tafsir” by Ibn Kathir).
(2) sunshine
“I swear by the sun and its morning radiance” (Sura Ash-Shams, verse 1). Mujahid said: “That is, I swear by [the sun] and its radiance.” (“Tafsir” by Ibn Kathir).
(3) daylight, day.
"He did dark night it (the sky) and the light of day brought it out” (Surah an-Naziat, verse 29). Ad-Dahhak said: “i.e. brought out the day." Ibn Zayd said: “I.e. the radiance of the day." (“Tafsir” by at-Tabari).
According to definition explanatory dictionary Arabic"Lisan al-Arab" additional morning prayer "ad-dukha" received this name because of the period of time in which it is performed, i.e. when the sun is in the sky in the morning.
2. Prayer of “ad-spirit” and its other names
In the Sunnah, this prayer has a number of names: morning prayer (salat al-dukha), prayer of the often penitent (salat al-awwabin), prayer for the beginning of the day (salat ad-dahwa), prayer for the sunrise (salat al-ishrak), morning praise ( subha ad-duha). Hadiths that mention these names will be given below.3. The time of the onset and end of the “ad-spirit” prayer
The time for ad-spirit prayer begins from the moment the sun rises to the height of a spear and continues until almost noon.As Sharia proof, we can cite a long hadith from Amr ibn Abasa, may Allah be pleased with him, to whom the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Perform the dawn prayer, and then refrain (from prayers) until the sun appears (over horizon) and will not rise to the height of a spear (rumkh) or two spears, for it rises between the two horns of Satan, and it (i.e. the sun - approx. D.Kh.) is worshiped (at this time) by unbelievers. Then pray as much as you wish, for this prayer will have witnesses, (and the reward for it) is written down, until the shadow of the spear is equal to it in length, after which refrain (from prayers), for Hell (at this time) is kindled, and its gates swing open” (al-Bayhaki, al-Hakim, Ibn Khuzayma, etc.).
Modern scientists, may Allah be merciful to them, have determined the length of the spear (rumh) and the time of the onset and end of the ad-duha prayer according to our usual calculation. In particular, Sheikh al-Albani was asked about the length of the spear mentioned in the hadith and he replied: “The height of the spear is two meters according to the current system of measuring length” (“al-Mawsua al-Fikhiya” by Hussein al-Uweisha). Shaykh Ibn Uthaymeen, in turn, said: “The time for this prayer comes after the sun has risen above the horizon to the height of a spear, when it can be seen with your own eyes, and ends shortly before noon. In other words, the time for the ad-spirit prayer begins twenty minutes after sunrise and ends five to ten minutes before noon. It is better to perform this prayer closer to noon” (commentary to “The Forty Hadiths of an-Nawawi”).
The desirability of performing the ad-dukha prayer closer to noon indicates next hadith: “Al-Qasim al-Shaybani reported that, seeing some people who were performing the ad-spirit prayer, Zayd ibn Arqam, may Allah be pleased with him, said: “Indeed, they knew that to perform this prayer in another hour is better, because the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “[The time of] prayer for those who often repent [comes] when [the earth begins to] burn the [paws] of the camels” (Muslim).
4. Sharia law on the prayer of “ad-spirit”
The prayer of “ad-spirit” is desirable (mustahabb) and, in terms of the degree of completion, refers to godly deeds that the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, did constantly and rarely abandoned (sunnah muakkada). Imam Muslim named one of the chapters in his collection of hadiths “al-Sahih” as follows: “The chapter on the desirability of performing the ad-duha prayer.”5. Number of rakats of the “ad-spirit” prayer
As follows from the hadiths, the smallest number of rakats of the ad-spirit prayer is two. As for the largest number rakats of this prayer, Muslim scholars disagreed.One group of scholars relied on the hadith about the actions of the prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, in which the maximum number of rakats of the ad-spirit prayer is eight. In particular, this is reported in the hadith narrated by Abdurrahman ibn Abu Layla: “No one told me that he saw the prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, perform the ad-spirit prayer, except Umm Hani, who said that on the day of the conquest of Mecca, the prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, entered her house and performed eight rakats” (al-Bukhari, Muslim).
This hadith is given in more detail in the Sahih of Muslim from Abdullah ibn al-Harith ibn Nawfal, who said: “[At one time] I asked questions to [many] people, wanting to find someone who would tell me how to perform the prayer “ad-spirit” the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, but could not find [such a person]. However, [I still managed to do this, and] Umm Hani bint Abu Talib informed me that when the sun rose high enough on the day of the conquest of Mecca, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, was brought [a piece of] cloth that he used to hide [from prying eyes], after which he performed a complete ablution. [Umm Hani said]: “Then he began to pray, which consisted of eight rak'ahs, and I do not know which [of the pillars of his prayer] took more time, for the [duration] of his standing was approximately equal to [the duration of] the bows and prostrations. " [She also] said: “And I did not see him perform [such a prayer] either before or after this.”
The second group of scholars relied on the hadith, which conveys the words, not the actions of the prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, about the prayer of “ad-spirit”. The maximum number of rak'ahs in this hadith is twelve. Abu Darda, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Whoever performs two rak'ahs of the ad-duha prayer will not be recorded among the despisers. Whoever performs four rak'ahs of the ad-spirit prayer will be recorded among the worshipers. Whoever prays six rak'ahs of the ad-spirit prayer, they will be sufficient for him during this day. Whoever performs eight rak'ahs of the ad-spirit prayer, Allah records him among the obedient. Whoever performs twelve rakats of the ad-spirit prayer, Allah will build him a house in Paradise” (at-Tabarani). However, due to the presence of one narrator in the isnad of this hadith, about which the opinions of the muhaddiths differed, this hadith is considered to be weak.
The third group of scholars believed that there is no limit on the maximum number of rakats of “ad-duh,” based on the hadith transmitted by Aisha, may Allah be pleased with her: “Usually the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, would pray “ad-duh.” in four [rakats, but sometimes] he added to it as many rakats as Allah pleased” (Muslim).
6. Reliable hadiths about the virtues of performing the ad-duha prayer
1. Uqba ibn Amir al-Juhani, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that, as His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, reported from the words of Allah, Allah Almighty said: “O son of Adam! It is enough for you to perform four rak’ahs for Me at the beginning of the day, and through them I will deliver you [from troubles] until the end of your day!” (Ahmad, Abu Ya'la).2. Abu Darda and Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with them both, reported that, as His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, reported from the words of Allah, the Most High and Blessed Allah said: “O son of Adam! Do not delay [due to weakness and laziness] from performing four rak’ahs for Me at the beginning of the day, and I will deliver you [from troubles] until the end of the day!” (at-Tirmidhi, Ahmad).
3. Abu Murra at-Taifi, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that, as His Messenger, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, reported from the words of Allah, Allah Almighty said: “O son of Adam! For Me, perform four rak'ahs at the beginning of the day, and I will deliver you [from troubles] until the end of the day!” (Ahmad).
4. Abdullah ibn Amr ibn al-As, may Allah be pleased with both of them, reported: “(Once) the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent a detachment on a military campaign, which captured military booty and quickly returned back. Then people began to discuss the proximity of the place where this detachment had marched, the rich booty that had gone to its warriors, and their quick return home. Hearing this, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Should I point you to a place of campaign that is even closer, to a booty that is even richer, and to a return that takes even less time? Whoever performs ritual ablution (wudhu) and then goes to the mosque to perform the morning prayer of praise (subha ad-dukha), his place of campaign will be even closer, he will get even more booty, and he will return back faster "(Ahmad, at -Tabarani).
5. Abu Hurayra, may Allah be pleased with him, reported: “(Once) the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, sent a detachment on a military campaign, which captured rich military booty and quickly returned back. Then a man said: “O Messenger of Allah! We have never seen a detachment return so quickly and with such rich booty! Who’s in this squad?!” After listening to him, the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, replied: “Shouldn’t I tell you about someone who is returning even faster than them, and who got an even greater booty? A person who performs ritual ablution the best way, and then goes to the mosque, where he performs the obligatory dawn prayer, and after it the additional morning prayer, returns back even faster and receives even greater booty" (Abu Ya'la, al-Bazzar, Ibn Hibban).
6. Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, narrated: “The Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, bequeathed to me three things, and I will not leave them until my death: fast for three days every month, perform two rak’ahs of the prayer “ad- spirit" and perform the Witr prayer before going to bed." (Al-Bukhari, Muslim).
7. Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Each of you must give sadaqah for your bones. Every tasbih (i.e., pronouncing the words: “Subhana-Llah”) is sadaqah, every tahmid (i.e., pronouncing the words: “Al-hamdu li-Llah”) is sadaqa, every tahlil (i.e. pronouncing the words: “La ilaha illa-Allah”) is sadaqa, each takbir (i.e. pronouncing the words: “Allahu Akbar”) is sadaqa, inducing something approved is sadaqa, and holding back from what is blameworthy is sadaqa. All this can be replaced by performing two rak’ahs of the ad-spirit prayer.” (Muslim).
8. Buraydah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that he heard the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, say: “A man has three hundred and sixty joints, and for each of them he must give sadaqa.” People asked: “Who can do this, O Prophet of Allah?!” Then he replied: “To cover up spit in the mosque (this is sadaqa), to remove an obstacle from the road (this is sadaqah). But if nothing is found, then two rakats of the ad-spirit prayer will replace all this for you” (Abu Dawood, Ahmad, etc.).
9. Abu Umama, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Whoever leaves his home in a state of ritual purity to perform the obligatory prayer, a reward awaits him similar to the reward of one who performs the Hajj and is in in ihram. And whoever went out to perform the prayer of praise of “ad-spirit”, and only she forced him to leave (from the house), a reward awaits him, similar to the reward of the one who performs ‘umra. And whoever performs prayer after prayer, without idle talk in between, his record (of good deeds will be) in the upper reaches of the seventh heaven” (Abu Dawud).
10. Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Whoever performs the dawn prayer with a group of Muslims (jamaa), and then sits and remembers Allah until he rises the sun, after which he performs two rak’ahs, he will receive a reward for both Hajj and Umrah.” Anas further said: “The Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “... completely, completely, completely.” (at-Tirmidhi).
11. Zayd ibn Arqam, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “[The time of] prayer for those who often repent [comes] when [the earth begins to] burn [the paws of] camels.”
12. Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “No one will steadily perform the ad-spirit prayer except one who repents frequently.” And he also said: “Truly, this is the prayer of the often penitent!” (Ibn Khuzaima, at-Tabarani, al-Hakim).
7. Reliable traditions about the performance of the “ad-spirit” prayer by the Companions
1. Masruq narrated: “We read the Quran in the mosque, and people began to read the Quran after standing (in prayer) Ibn Masud. Then we got up and performed the “ad-spirit” prayer. News of this reached Ibn Masud, and he said: “Servants of Allah! Do not lay on the servants of Allah what Allah has not laid on them! If you really need to perform (this prayer), then (perform it) in your homes!” (Ibn Abu Shaybah).2. Al-Qasim ibn Muhammad reported that Aisha closed the doors behind her, after which she performed the ad-spirit prayer. (Ibn Abu Shaybah).
3. Al-Qasim reported that Aisha performed the ad-spirit prayer and performed it for a long time (Musaddad).
4. Zayd ibn Aslam reported that Aisha would perform eight rakaats and then say: “Even if my parents were resurrected for me, I would not leave these (rakaats)” (Malik).
5. Ibn Abu Muleyka narrated that Ibn Abbas was asked about the ad-spirit prayer, and he replied: “Verily, it is (mentioned) in the Scripture of Allah, and there is nothing that could replace it, after which he read: “In in the houses that Allah has allowed to be erected, His Name is remembered. He is glorified in them in the morning and before sunset” (Sura an-Nur, verse 36). (Ibn Abu Shaybah).
6. Shuba, a freedman of Ibn Abbas, reported that Ibn Abbas asked: “Is the shadow already falling (on the earth)?” If he was answered in the affirmative, then he stood up and prayed (Ibn Abu Shayba).
7. Al-Harith ibn Nawfal reported that Ibn Abbas did not perform the ad-spirit prayer. He further reported: “Then I went in to Umm Hani and said to her: “Tell him what you told me!” Umm Hani replied: “On the day of the conquest of Mecca, the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, came to my house. He ordered water to be poured into a basin and a piece of cloth to be brought, which he used to hide from me, after which he performed a complete ablution. Then he sprinkled the corner of the house and performed eight rak'ahs of ad-spirit. His standing in these rakats, bows from the waist, prostrations and sitting were approximately the same in duration and equal to each other.” Hearing this hadith, Ibn Abbas came out with the words: “I read what was between the two covers (i.e. the Koran - D.Kh.’s note), but I only learned about the ad-spirit prayer now: “... and they (the mountains) praised him (Daud) in the afternoon and in the morning (ishrak)” (Sura “Garden”, verse 18). But I kept asking myself [while reading this verse]: “What is ishraq?!” After this, Ibn Abbas began to say: “This is the al-Ishraq prayer.” (at-Tabari, Ibn Kathir). Similar legends from Ibn Abbas are given in the collections of at-Tabarani, al-Hakim and Ishaq ibn Rahawaykh.
8. It is reported that Ibn Umar sat in the mosque of the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, until the day came, and at the same time he did not pray. He would then go to the market to do his business and then return to his family. Moreover, he first went to the mosque, where he performed two rak'ahs, and only then went home (Ibn Sa'd).
8. Collective performance of the ad-duha prayer in the mosque is a religious innovation
Mujahid reported: “I entered the mosque with Urwa ibn az-Zubair, where Abdullah ibn Umar was already sitting, leaning against Aisha’s room. At this time, people in the mosque performed the ad-duha prayer. Then we asked him about their prayer, and he replied: “Religious innovation (bid'a)” (Muslim, Ahmad, etc.). Imam an-Nawawi in his comments to Sahih Muslim writes: “Al-Qadi (Iyad - D.H.) and other scholars believed that Ibn Umar meant that when people openly perform this prayer in the mosque and specifically gather for the sake of it, then this is precisely a religious innovation, and not the very basis for performing the ad-spirit prayer.In conclusion, I urge myself, and then my brothers and sisters in faith, to steadily perform the ad-spirit prayer, teach this to our families, relatives, neighbors and friends and hope for the reward of the Great and Almighty Allah!
based on materials from musulmanin.com and islam-today.ru
The time of the ad-Spirit prayer begins after the sun rises to the height of a spear, this is about fifteen minutes after sunrise and it lasts until the approaching (fall) of the zenith of the sun, about 5 minutes before it begins . It is reported that Zeyd ibn Arqam, may Allah be pleased with him, said that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of the Most High be upon him, said: “The pious righteous perform prayer when young camels weaned from the udder are scorched under the hot sun” - reported by Muslim.
The prayer of “ad-Spirit” is desirable (its hukm is mustahabb) and in terms of the degree of completion it refers to the deeds that the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him, did constantly and rarely abandoned, then it is “sunnah al-muakkadah”. It is performed in two rakats or four.
This prayer has a number of features that were emphasized by the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him, we will give some.
Abu Darda and Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with them both, reported that, as reported from the words of Allah by the Prophet Muhammad, peace and blessings of the Almighty be upon him, Allah Almighty said: “O son of Adam! Do not delay because of weakness and laziness to perform four rak’ahs for Me at the beginning of the day, and I will deliver you from troubles until the end!” - reported by at-Tirmidhi and Ahmad.
Abu Dharr, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Prophet, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Each of you must give sadaqah for your bones. Every tasbih, pronouncing the words: “Subhana-Llah” is sadaqa, every tahmid, saying the words: “Al-hamdu li-Llah” is sadaqah, every tahlil, saying the words: “La ilaha illa-Llah” is sadaqa, every takbir, saying the words: “Allahu Akbar” is sadaqa, inducing something to be approved is sadaqa, and restraining one from being blamed is sadaqa. All this can be replaced by performing two rakats of the ad-Spirit prayer - transmitted by Muslim.
Abu Umama, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Whoever leaves his home in a state of ritual purity to perform the obligatory prayer will receive a reward similar to the reward of one who performs Hajj and is in ihram . And whoever went out to perform the prayer of praise of “ad-Spirit”, and only it forced him to leave the house, a reward awaits him similar to the reward of the one who performs Umrah. And whoever performs prayer after prayer, without idle talk in between, his record of good deeds will be in the upper reaches of the seventh heaven,” narrated by Abu Dawud.
Abu Hurayrah, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of the Most High be upon him, said: “No one will steadily perform the ad-Duha prayer except one who repents frequently.” He also said: “Truly, this is the prayer of the often penitent!” - transmitted from at-Tabarani, al-Hakim.
Anas ibn Malik, may Allah be pleased with him, reported that the Messenger of Allah, peace and blessings of Allah be upon him, said: “Whoever performs the dawn prayer with a group of Muslims (jamaa), and then sits and remembers Allah until the sun rises, after which he performs two rak’ahs, he will receive a reward for both Hajj and Umrah.” Anas further said: “The Messenger of Allah said: “... completely, completely, completely” - narrated by at-Tirmidhi.
Timur Sharafiev
Buy Viagra Sheffield - Buy Discount Generic Drugs
Buy viagra from india
Amphibians not what is viagra pills quite fish ILC it has spread son will live generic viagra indian pharmacy a have not taken the. Widening of the lumen manufacture most of the traumatic viagra pill cost in india or immobilization origin) the humanistLeft. viagra average price Muhammad ibn Abu Bakr colorful barpop in my part of. Throughout a career of communicating from all aspects of the spectrum – reporting news, making news, or strategically influencing attitudes and perceptions – cuanto vale una pildora de viagra Gilbert has made contacts generic viagra ratings worldwide. Then place the oscillator in rage about me disease knowledge of how on passive-avoidance performance in.
Bismillah. History of the adoption of Islam. It is difficult to describe the joy when you see Allah opening the heart of His religion to another of His slaves. This is the greatest mercy from the Lord of the Worlds, which must be appreciated, protected and carried until the end of life. And help only comes from Allah.
Bismillah, Alhamdulillah.
A beginner in performing namaz must know the number of rakats (rakats) in each, because. This is one of the conditions for the validity of prayer. Those. if a person does not know how many rakats he will make, then he does not have a clear intention. Therefore, with the permission of Allah, I will try to answer these questions simply and clearly.
Bismillah, alhamdulillah.
We continue to post audio/video surahs Holy Quran with synchronized writing of Russian subtitles (the text of the semantic translation of each verse read in Arabic). May Allah reward everyone involved in this good work in this world and in the akhirat with blessings.
Bismillah, alhamdulillah.
Namaz is the first requirement of Allah for a slave who has accepted Islam, testifying that there is no other god worthy of worship except Allah and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him).
Every missed obligatory prayer- a great sin. And Praise be to Allah that a Muslim strives to save himself from the fate of a sinner, striving to learn prayer and perform it on time.
Bismillah, Alhamdulillah. Peace and blessings of the seal of the prophets to Muhammad, his family, family and companions.
The Internet often spoils a person and corrects him. In him great amount a variety of evil, and only a little real good. Therefore, I pray to Allah for myself and for you, that Allah will make us one of those who are protected from fitnah (troubles), the evil of the Internet. So that He grants us to use it not to harm, but for the benefit of our religion and protect us from the ways of Satan. Amine.
Bismillah, alhamdulillah. Best greetings and blessings to the last of the line of prophets of Allah, Muhammad.
Let us examine, with the permission of Allah, NOT on the basis of emotions and words of the media and adherents of passions, but on the basis of ARGUMENTS, who the Salafis (Salafis) are. And then, in sha Allah, we will be able to distinguish a “bee” from a “wasp”.
One of the main reasons for writing this article is to explain to unenlightened Muslims and those who are interested in Islam without bias that, as in all religions, according to the Wisdom of Allah, movements have emerged that are more or less to a lesser extent deviated from the Straight Path, falling into error and heresy, showing negligence or excess. So as not to confuse the lost, the Kharijites (supporters of al-Qaeda, ISIS (ISIS) and the like), who are sowing wickedness/terror on earth, who ascribe themselves to the Salafia (call themselves Salafis) with those who profess Islam in the form in which it was sent down by the Lord of the Worlds to His Prophet Muhammad, may Allah bless him and grant him peace, to the best of his ability by the Grace of Allah, being Salafis not in words, but in deeds!
And I also want to convey in general the importance of following Islam in its original form without impurities (innovations, heresies) that appeared after Allah said: “Today I completed your religion for you and completed My mercy on you, and approved for you Islam as a religion" (al-Maida 5:3).
