Cyril and Methodius, Equal to the Apostles, Slovenian teachers
The eternally glorious and memorable works of Sts. Cyril and Methodius laid the foundation for the spiritual and civic greatness of the Slavs, their moral and civic identity in the compilation of the Slavic letter, in the conduct of the Slavic language during divine services, in the translation of sacred books into their native Slavic language. By translating sacred books and services into their native Slavic language, they laid the foundation for our eternal salvation, and in this respect Sts. Cyril and Methodius are not only our teachers and apostles, but also our fathers: they revived us spiritually, teaching us through their labors to cognize the One True God.
Siblings Cyril and Methodius came from a pious family that lived in Greek city Soluni (in Macedonia). They were the children of one governor, a native of the Bulgarian Slav. Saint Methodius was the eldest of the seven brothers, Saint Constantine (Cyril is his monastic name) - the youngest.
Saint Methodius first served, like his father, in a military rank. The tsar, having learned about him as a good warrior, put him as a governor in one Slavic principality, Slavinia, which was under the Greek state. This happened at the special discretion of God and so that Methodius could better learn the Slavic language as a future spiritual teacher and shepherd of the Slavs. Having been in the rank of voivode for about 10 years and having learned the vanity of life, Methodius began to dispose his will to renounce everything earthly and direct his thoughts to heavenly. Leaving the voivodeship and all the joys of the world, he went to a monk on Mount Olympus, where with great diligence and humility he tried to fulfill monastic vows, while studying the sacred books.
And from his youth, his brother Saint Constantine showed brilliant success in both secular and religious and moral education. He studied with the young emperor Michael under the best teachers of Constantinople, including Photius, the future Patriarch of Constantinople. Having received an excellent education, he perfectly comprehended all the sciences of his time and many languages, he especially diligently studied the works of St. Gregory the Theologian. For his intelligence and outstanding knowledge, Saint Constantine received the nickname Philosopher (wise). After completing his studies, Saint Constantine was ordained a priest and was appointed curator of the patriarchal library at the Church of Saint Sophia. But, neglecting all the benefits of his position, he retired to one of the monasteries at the Black Sea. Almost by force, he was returned to Constantinople and appointed a teacher of philosophy in the highest school of Constantinople. The wisdom and power of faith of the still very young Constantine were so great that he managed to defeat the leader of the heretics-iconoclasts Annius in the debate. After this victory, Constantine was sent by the emperor to a dispute to debate the Holy Trinity with the Saracens (Muslims).
“Do not blaspheme the Divine Trinity,” said the Christian philosopher, “which we have learned to confess from the ancient prophets. They teach us that the Father, Son and Spirit are the Three Persons. Their essence is one. The similarity can be seen in the sky. So in the sun, created by God in the image of the Holy Trinity, there are three things: a circle, a light ray and warmth. In the Holy Trinity, the solar circle is the likeness of God the Father. Just as the circle has neither beginning nor end, so God is beginningless and endless. As from the solar circle comes a light ray and solar warmth, so from God the Father a Son is born and the Holy Spirit emanates. Thus, the sunbeam, which illuminates the entire universe, is a likeness of God the Son, born of the Father and appearing in this world, while the solar warmth emanating from the same solar circle together with the ray is a likeness of God the Holy Spirit, who eternally emanates with the Son being born from the Father, although in time it is sent to people and by the Son, as, for example, it was sent to the apostles in the form of tongues of fire. And how the sun, consisting of three objects - a circle, a light ray and heat - is not divided into three suns, although each of these objects has its own characteristics: one is a circle, the other is a ray, the third is heat, but not three suns, but one and the Holy Trinity, although it has Three Persons - the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, is not divided by the Divine into three gods, but there is One God ”. Likewise, the mind, word and spirit in a person reflects the image of the Trinity.
Upon his return, Cyril lived for some time in Constantinople, and then retired to his brother Methodius and for several years shared monastic exploits with him in a monastery on Olympus, spending time in unceasing prayer and reading the works of the holy fathers. On Olympus, Blessed Constantine first began to study the Slavic language. The environment in which he had to be favored this. In the monasteries that were on the mountain, there were many Slavic monks from different neighboring countries, why Constantine could have a constant practice here for himself, which was especially important for him, since, almost from childhood, he spent all the time in the Greek environment.
Soon the emperor summoned both holy brothers from the monastery and sent them to the Khazars to preach the gospel. On the way, they stopped for a while in the city of Korsun, preparing for a sermon.
One Samaritan lived here, who went to Constantine and talked with him about faith. One day he brought Samaritan books and showed them to Constantine. Constantine begged for them from the Samaritan and, shutting himself up in his room, began to earnestly pray to God to help him study them. With God's help, Constantine quickly and well studied these books. Upon learning of this, the Samaritan exclaimed: "Indeed, whoever believes in Christ soon receives the grace of the Holy Spirit." He and his son were baptized, receiving Christ's faith... Here the holy brothers learned that the relics of the holy martyr Clement, Pope of Rome, were in the sea and miraculously found them.
In the same place, in Korsun, Saint Constantine found the Gospel and the Psalter, written in “Russian letters,” and a person who spoke Russian, and began to learn from this person to read and speak his language. After that, the holy brothers went to the Khazars, where they won a victory in debate with Jews and Muslims, preaching the Gospel doctrine. On the way home, the brothers again visited Korsun and, taking the relics of St. Clement there, returned to Constantinople. Saint Constantine remained in the capital, and Saint Methodius received abbess at the small monastery of Polychron, not far from Mount Olympus, where he had asceticised before.
Soon ambassadors from the Moravian prince Rostislav, oppressed by the German bishops, came to the emperor with a request to send teachers to Moravia who could preach in the native language of the Slavs. The emperor summoned Saint Constantine and said to him: "You must go there, for no one can do this better than you." Saint Constantine, with fasting and prayer, began a new feat. With the help of his brother Saint Methodius and the disciples of Gorazd, Clement, Sava, Naum and Angelar, he compiled the Slavic alphabet and translated into the Slavic language the books without which the divine service could not be performed: the Gospel, the Psalter and selected services. This was in 863.
After completing the translation, the holy brothers set off for Moravia, where they were received with great honor, and began to teach divine services in the Slavic language. This aroused the anger of the German bishops who served in the Moravian churches at Latin, and they rebelled against the holy brothers, claiming that divine services can only be performed in one of three languages: Hebrew, Greek, or Latin. Saint Constantine answered them: “You only recognize three languages, worthy to praise God with them. But David cries out: "Sing to the Lord, all the earth, praise the Lord, all tongues, let every breath praise the Lord!" And in the Holy Gospel it is said: "Come, teach all languages ..." "The German bishops were put to shame, but they became even more embittered and filed a complaint with Rome. In the year 867 Sts. Methodius and Constantine were summoned by Pope Nicholas I to Rome for trial to resolve this issue. Taking with them the relics of Saint Clement, Pope of Rome, Saints Constantine and Methodius set off for Rome. When they arrived in Rome, Nicholas I was no longer alive; his successor Adrian II, having learned that they were carrying the relics of St. Clement, met them solemnly outside the city; Constantine presented him with the Gospel and other books in the Slavic language, and the Pope, as a sign of their approval, placed them on the throne in the church of St. Mary, and then a divine service was performed on them in several churches in Rome. The Pope approved the divine service in the Slavic language, and ordered the books translated by the brothers to be put in Roman churches and to perform the liturgy in the Slavic language.
While in Rome, Saint Constantine, in a miraculous vision informed by the Lord about the approach of death, received a schema with the name Cyril. 50 days after accepting the schema, on February 14, 869, Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril died at the age of 42. Before his death, he said to his brother: “You and I, like a friendly pair of oxen, led the same furrow; I was exhausted, but don't think to leave the work of teaching and retire to your mountain again. " Saint Methodius begged the Pope of Rome to allow him to take away his brother's body for burial in his native land, but the Pope ordered the relics of Saint Cyril to be placed in the Church of Saint Clement, where miracles began to be performed from them.
After the death of Saint Cyril, the Pope, following the request of the Slavic prince Kotsel, sent Saint Methodius to Pannonia, ordaining him Archbishop of Moravia and Pannonia, to the ancient throne of Saint Apostle Andronicus. In Pannonia, Saint Methodius, together with his disciples, continued to disseminate divine services, writing and books in the Slavic language, enlightening his flock and preaching Christ to many other Slavic peoples (Czechs, Croats, Dalmatians, etc.). At the same time, Methodius had to endure a lot of troubles from heterodox missionaries, and he “endured many troubles and exile”. Thus, the Latin priests armed the German emperor against him; By order of the Archbishop of Salzburg, Methodius was exiled to Swabia with the cathedral, where for two and a half years he endured many sufferings. Released in 874 by order of Pope John VIII and restored to the rights of archbishop, Methodius continued evangelical preaching among the Slavs and baptized the Czech prince Borivoj and his wife Lyudmila (September 16/29), as well as one of the Polish princes. For the third time, the German bishops raised a persecution against the saint for rejecting the Roman teaching on the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father and from the Son. In 879, Saint Methodius was summoned to Rome, but justified himself before the Pope, preserving the purity of Orthodox teaching, and was again returned to the capital of Moravia, Velehrad.
Here, in the last years of his life, Saint Methodius, with the help of two disciple-priests, translated into the Slavic language all Old Testament, except Maccabees books, as well as Nomokanon (Rules of the Holy Fathers) and patristic books (Paterikon).
Sensing the approach of death, Saint Methodius pointed to one of his disciples, Gorazd, and said: “This is the husband of your land, a faithful man who knows Latin books well. If it is the will of God and your love, I want him to be my successor. " The saint predicted the day of his death and died on April 6, 885 at the age of about 60 years. The funeral service for the saint was performed in three languages - Slavic, Greek and Latin; he was buried in the cathedral church of Velehrad.
Cyril and Methodius, Equal to the Apostles, were numbered among the saints in antiquity. In the Russian Orthodox Church, the memory of the Equal-to-the-Apostles enlighteners of the Slavs has been honored since the 11th century. The oldest services to saints that have come down to our time date back to the 13th century. They were found by the Russian researcher V.I.Grigorovich in a parchment manuscript of the Bulgarian edition in the Zograf monastery on Athos and published in 1862 . The lives of the holy Slovenian first teachers were compiled by their disciples in the 11th century. The most complete biographies of the saints are the extensive, or so-called Pannonian Lives. Our ancestors were familiar with these texts since the spread of Christianity in Russia. Their authors were, obviously, the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius - Bishop Clement of Velich and Gorazd, whom Saint Methodius left as his successor.
Solemn celebration of the memory of the holy chief hierarchs Equal to the Apostles Cyril and Methodius was established in the Russian Church in 1863.
In the "Iconographic original" on May 11 it says: " Reverend father our Methodius and Constantine, named Cyril, bishops of Moravia, teachers of Slovenia, Methodius - in the likeness of an old man with gray hair, a brada of duty aka Vlasiev, holy robes and omophorion, in the hands of the Gospel. Constantine - venerable vestments and in the schema, in the hands of a book, and in it is written the Russian alphabet A, B, C, D, D and other words (letters) all in a row. "
By the decree of the Holy Synod (1885), the celebration of the memory of Slavic teachers was referred to the average church holidays. By the same decree, it is determined in prayers, on the litia, according to the Gospel at Matins before the canon, on dismissals, as well as in all prayers in which the ecumenical saints of the Russian Church are commemorated, to remember after the name of St. our Methodius and Cyril, Slovenian teachers.
For Orthodox Russia celebration of sts. to the first teachers has a special meaning: "They began in a language akin to us with words, the Divine Liturgy and the entire church service to be performed, and thus an inexhaustible storehouse of water flowing into eternal life will be given to us."
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Brief Lives of Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and Slavic Teachers
Holy equal-noap-o-so-ny first-in-teach-te-li and pro-light-te-li Slavic, brothers Ki-rill and Me-fodiy pro -is-ho-di-li from the noble and blah-th-th-th-th-th-th-th family, who lived in the Greek go-ro-de So-lu-ni. Saint Me-fodiy was the eldest of seven brothers, Saint Kon-stan-tin (Kirill is his mo-na-she-name) - the youngest ... Saint Me-fodiy was sleep-cha-la in the military rank and was the right-wi-te-lem in one of the subordinate Vi-zan-tii the im-peria of the Slavic princes, in-di-mo-mo, Bolgar, that gave him the opportunity to learn Slavic quick language. Having been there for about 10 years, Saint Me-fodiy took my pride in one of the monasteries on Mount Olympus. Saint Kon-stan-tin from a young age got away with a lot of ways and studied together with a little-year-old him -pe-ra-to-rum Mi-ha-i-lom with the best teachers Kon-stan-ti-no-la, including Pho-tia, boo- shche-go Pat-ri-ar-ha Kon-stan-ti-no-pol-sko. Saint Kon-stan-tin, in perfect harmony, has stigmatized everything in its own time and many languages, especially ben-but he was lying, but he studied the creation of saint-te-la. For your mind and you-yes-yu-schi-e-xia, according to the knowledge of Saint Kon-stan-tin, he received the title of Philo-so-fa (mud-ro-go) ... At the end of the teaching of Saint Kon-stan-tin, he was ordained a priest and was ordained a temple-ni-te-lem pat-ri-ar-shei bib-lio-te-ki at the temple of Holy Sophia, but soon afterwards he went to the monasteries. Razys-kan-ny there and revived-ny in Kon-stan-ti-no-pol, he was defined as a teacher of philosophy in the Highest con-stan- ti-no-polish school-le. The wisdom and strength of faith were still so great that he managed to escape in pre- -ni-ya-yah-waiting here-ti-kov-iko-no-bor-tsev An-niya. After this beating, Kon-stan-tin was sent by im-pe-ra-to-rum to the dis-put for a debate about the Holy Tro-i-tse with sa-ra-chi -na-mi (mu-sul-ma-na-mi) and also pulled it in be-do. Ver-nuv-shis, Saint Kon-stan-tin went to his brother-that his-th-th holy Me-fo-diy on Olympus, about the time in incessant prayer and reading of the works of the holy fathers.
Soon, im-pe-ra-tor summoned both of their holy brothers from the monastery and took them to ha-zaram for the evangelical pro -po-ve-di. On the way, they stayed for some time in go-ro-de Kor-su-no, going to pro-in-di. There the saints are chu-des-nim about-re-whether the power is sacred-no-mu-che-no-ka (memory 25 no-yab-rya). In the same place, in Kor-su-ni, Saint Kon-stan-tin found the Gospel and Psalm-tir, na-pi-san-nye "Russian-ski-mi buk-va-mi", and man-ve-ka, go-in-ry-go-go in Russian, and began to learn from this man to read and speak on his language. After this, the holy brothers from-right-looked-to-ha-z-ram, where I kept-if-I-be-do in pre-ni-ya with Judah and mu-sul-ma-na-mi, teaching about the Evangelical teaching. On the way to my brother, again, in-se-ti-li Kor-sun and, having taken the power of the holy Kli-men-ta there, returned to Kon-stan -ty-no-pol. Saint Kon-stan-tin remained in the capital, and Saint Me-fodiy received the abbess in a small monastery Po- li-chron, not far from Mount Olympus, where he was seen before.
Soon, they came to the im-pe-ra-to-ru from the Mo-rav-prince Ro-sti-sl-va, the German -ki-mi-epi-sko-pa-mi, with a request-to-send to Mo-ra-viii uchit-te-lei, who-rye could-in-ve-do-vat native language for the Slavs. Im-pe-ra-tor-called on the holy Kon-stan-ti-na and told him: "Neo-ho-di-mo te-be go you-nobody-who-you-do-not-do-it. " Saint Kon-stan-tin with po-stom and prayer came-drank to no-in-dvig-gu. With the help of his brother-that holy Me-fodiy and disciples of Go-once-yes, Kli-ment-ta, Sav-you, Na-u- ma and An-ge-la-ra, he made-up the Slavic az-bu-ku and pe-re-led books into the Slavic language, without whom he could not -but co-ver-shah-Xia God-service: Gospel, Apo-table, Psalm-dash and selected services. It was in 863.
After -with honor, and began to teach God-service in the Slavic language. This is the call-lo of the evil-bu German bishops, co-ver-shav-shih in the Moravian churches of God-ministry in the Latin language -ke, and they rebelled against the holy brothers, claiming that God's service can only be done on one of three languages: Hebrew, Greek or La-ting. Saint Kon-stan-tin answered them: "You have recognized only three languages that are worthy to glorify God on them. But Yes-kind vo-pi-et: "Sing-those Gos-de-vi all the earth, praise-li-te Gos-da, all yang-chi, all some dy-ha-nie da hwa -lit Gos-yes! "And in the Holy Evangelical-ge-lii ska-za-but:" Shed-she na-teach-te all languages ... "". The German epi-sko-py were shameful, but they got angry even more and did a zha-lo-boo in Rome. The saints were called to Rome to solve this problem. Taking with them the power of the holy Kli-ment, the pa-py of Rome, the saints Kon-stan-tin and Me-fo-diy from Pime. Having learned that the holy brothers are carrying holy powers, Pa-pa Adri-an with the cle-rom went to meet them. The saints were met with something, the Roman pa-pa approved the divine service in the Slavic language, and pe-re-ve-den-ny brothers-in-mi books pri-ka-hall to-live in Roman churches and co-ver-sh-l-tur-giyu to sla-vyan- language.
While walking in Ri-me, Saint Kon-stan-tin for-could-not-and, in the mi-des-n-v-de-nii, of-the-sh-t-n-gos-at-home about -bli-same-nii con-chi-ny, took schema with the name Kirill. 50 days after the acceptance of the schema, on February 14, 869, equal-no-so-so Kirill died at the age of 42 years. From-ho-dya to God-gu, saint Cy-rill for-in-ve-gave his brother his own, saint Me-fo-di, to continue them about -shee de-lo - the illumination of the Slavic peoples of the light of the true faith. Saint Me-fodiy implored pa-pu roman to let him take away his brother's body in order to warm him up on his native land, but pa-pa pri-ka-hall to-lo-live the power of holy Kirill-la in the church-vi of holy Kli-men-that, where they became ver-shah-Xia chu-de-sa.
After the end of the holy Ki-rill-la pa-pa, following the request of the Slavic prince Ko-tse-la, he sent -go Me-fo-diya in Pan-no-nii, ru-ko-lo-live him in ar-hi-epi-sko-pa Mo-ra-viii and Pan-no-nii, in the ancient pre-table of the holy apo-sto-la An-d-ro-ni-ka. In Pan-no-nii, Saint Me-fodiy, together with his disciples-ka-mi, continued to rass-pass-to-pass God-servant nie, writing and books in the Slavic language. It’s again you called the rage of the German bishops. They got to the arrest and the court over the saint Me-fo-di-em, who was sent to the Swabia , where in the course of two more years, pre-ter-sang many sufferings. The master of God after the attachment of the pa-p of the Roman John VIII and the restoration of the right-of-way ar-khi-epi-sko-pa , Me-fod-diy continued the evangelical pro-in-after-among the Slavs and the cross-stile of the Czech prince Bo-ri-voy and his su-pru- gu Lyud-mi-lu (memory of September 16-tyab-rya), as well as one of the Polish princes. For the third time, the German epi-scopes were able to go to the holy de-nii Svyatogo Du-ha from the Father and from the Sy-na. Saint Me-fodiy was summoned to Rome, but he was justified before Pa-po, co-keeping in chi-hundred-te the right-to-glorious doctrine nie, and was again revived in the capital of Mo-ra-viii - Ve-le-grad.
Here, in the last years of his life, the saint Me-fodiy with the help of two disciples conducted the entire Old Za-vet into the Slavic language, except for the Mak-ka-Vei-books, as well as No-mo-ka-non (Pra-vi-la of the holy tsov) and holy-fatherly books (Pa-te-rik).
Anticipating the approach of the end, Saint Me-fodiy pointed to one of his disciples - Go-once-yes as on do-stop-but-go se-be-e-no-ka. The saint foresaw the day of his death and died on April 6, 885, at the age of about 60 years. From-pe-va-ti-ti-te-la was so-ver-she-but in three languages - Slavic, Greek and latino; he was in gre-ben in the congregational church-vi Ve-le-gra-da.
Complete Lives of Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and, Slavic Teachers
God is good and all-powerful, co-creating from non-being to being, all the see-di-mine and the invi-di-mine and decorate with all the beauty -so-that, to-that-I am, if-if you-think-not-a-lot, you can-but-not-but-a-part-but hurray-zu-me and know That -go, Who has created so many and wondrous creations, for “by virtue and beauty, the creations know once -mysh-le-ni-em and their Co-creator " faithfully, we glorify in the Holy Trinity, in other words, in the Father, the Son and the Holy Spirit, that is, in three hypocrites syakh, which can be called three persons, but in one God. After all, first of all, all-that-cha-sa, time-me-no and go-yes, higher than all-who-who-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh-oh The Father himself gave birth to Sy-na, as he speaks Pre-wisdom: "Before all the hills give birth to Me." And in the Gospel, ska-za-lo sa-mo God Word-in the pre-pure mouth, in-to-work for the future time for our spa-session: "I am in the Father, and the Father is in me." From the same Father and the Holy Spirit goes forth, as the Son of God himself said in the Word: “Spirit of truth, Someone from the Father tsa is-goes-dit ".
This God, having completed all creation, as he speaks Yes-vid: “In the Word of God-under-him, heaven-sa was established and from dy-ha-nia the mouth His whole power is theirs. For He said - and became, He blazed - and co-created ", first of all he co-created the man-ve-ka, dust from the earth taking, and from Se-ba-in-creative, do-no-ve-no-em do-shu inhale-nuv, and comprehended speech and gave freedom to - to go to paradise, for-after-for-having-given him for testing; if he keeps her, then the devil-death-ten remains, if he pre-stu-pits, he dies by his own will, and not by God-life. e-mu ve-le-niyu.
And the dia-vol, see-dev, that man-ve-ku-ka-for-for-such an honor and for-know-what-but that is the place for him, with which-ro-th he is from -for his city-dy-he did not fall, for-sta-vil (him) stop-to-drink for-after-after, and from-drove the man from paradise, and condemned to death. And since then, a non-i-tel began to blaze-nyat with many goats-ny-mi kind of human. But God in great charity and love did not leave people with everything, but for every year and time he took a husband and showed people de-la them and move, so that everyone, like-do-la-I, strive for good.
Such was Enos, who was the first to call upon the name of Gos-podne. And after him Enoch, ugo-div Bo-gu, pe-re-not-sen was (you-so-ko). Noah, as a righteous one, was in his ro-de, he was saved from po-to-pa in kov-che-ge, so that he would again be full of the land of yours. re-ni-em God-im and stole. Av-ra-am after the separation of languages, when everyone fell into for-wandering, God knew, and He was called another was, and accepted both-that-va-nie, that "in your heart, there will be all kinds of things." Isa-ak, like-but-but-Christ, was delivered to the go-to for the sacrifice. Ia-kov ido-lov te-sta uni-what-lived and vi-del lad-ni-tsu from earth to heaven: An-ge-ly of God along her w-ho-di-li and like- di-li. And blessed with his own sons, he pro-ro-th-th-shaft about Christ. Joseph pro-kor-mil people in Egypt, for-ka-za-bya (man-ve-com) God-zhi-im. About Job Av-si-ti-diy-skom Pis-sa-nie go-rit that was right-ve-den, right-ved-liv and wrong-ro-chen: -p-ta-niyu, pre-ter-sing (his), blah-ho-word-vein was God. Mo-and-this with Aaron between the priest-I-mi God-zhi-i-mi God (for) fa-ra-o-na was called, and mu-chil Egi-pet, and you-led the God-kind - in the daytime after the light-ob-la-com, and no-one at the table-with-fired; and more raz-de-lil, and walked along the su-hu, and the Egyptian-chan drank. And in the empty-water-free wilderness on-on-silt people with water and fed on bread An-gel and birds; and talked with God to the face, how impossible is it possible for God to talk to God, (and) gave law, na-pi-san-ny God-zhi-im per-stom. Jesus Na-vin, having defeated the enemies, raz-de-lil the earth-lu between the na-ro-house of God-zhi-im. The judges also supported a lot of troubles. And Sa-mu-il, having received God's mercy, by-ma-hall and by-staged the king in the word Gos-pod-nyu. Yes-vid with a little care grazed the people and taught (him) the songs of God-zhi-im. So-lo-mon, who received wisdom from God more than all people, he created many good teachings and a parable, although you yourself didn’t fill them. Elijah ob-li-chil the go-lo-house of the human evil-boo, and sun-cr-force of the dead child, and, with a word from heaven, fire, oops -poured many, and the sacrifice-you burned with a wonderful fire; pe-re-biv the wicked priests of the priests, ascended to heaven on the ko-les-ni-tse og-nen-noy and k-ny, giving a teacher-ku doubled spirit. Eli-this, (his) mi-lot on-chiv, twice as much mi-des so-ver-sew. Other pro-ro-ki, each in its own time, pro-ro-th-th-va-whether about bu-d-u-d-u-u-w-t-tel-lah. After them, the great John, ho-da-tai between the Vet-him and the New behind-the-Kon, became the Cross-te-lem and sv-de-te-lem Christ one hundred and pro-ved-no-one alive and dead.
Holy apo-tables Peter and Pa-led with the rest of the disciples of Christ, like a lightning, passing through all the world ru, light up the whole earth. After them, mu-che-ni-ki washed away the square with their blood, and follow-ni-ki the holy apo-tables, cross-steve tse-sa-rya, ve-li-kim in-motion and labor-dom-ru-shi-whether the language. Strong-westerly right-ved-but from three-hundred and in-sem-on-dtsa-ts-ts, having taken himself into the power of the great tse-sa-rya Kon- stan-ty-na, taking the First So-boron to Ni-kei, was beating Aria and cursing him and his heresy, which he drove to the Holy Three-and-tsu, as when something Av-ra-am with three-hundred-mi and in -took blah-th-o-th-ve-nie and bread and vi-but from Mel-hi-se-de-ka, king of Sa-lim-sko, because that priest of God was All- high-no. Yes-mas, and with a hundred and five-de-de-sya-tyu fathers and ve-li-kim tsar-rem Fe-o-do-si-em in Tsar-r-gra-de-tver -di-whether the holy Sim-vol, that is, "I believe in one God," and, out of-chasing Ma-ke-do-niya, cursed him and hu- lu him, to-t-ruu he spoke to the Holy Do-ha. Tse-les-stin and Kirill with two-hundred-fathers-ts-mi and another tsar-rem so-kru-shi-li in Efe-se Nestoria with all the bolts , somehow he spoke at Christ. Leo and Ana-to-liy with the right-in-true tsar-rem Mark-ki-a-n and with six-hundred-mi and three-tsat-tyu from-tsa-mi pro-klya-li in Hal-ki-don, madness and bol-tov-nu Ev-ti-khi-eva. Vi-gi-liy with the god-loving Yus-ti-ni-a-n and with one hundred six-de-xia-five five fathers, Fifth So-bor with -bringing, izys-kav (where some bol-tov-nya took refuge), pro-damn. Aha-fon, Apo-so-so-pa-pa, with two-my-hundred-mi and seven-my-de-xia-tyu father-ts-mi with honest Kon-stan-tin tsar-rem on the Sixth So-bo-re, there are many revolts of ras-ko-lo-li and all those so-bo-roms, from-chasing, cur-damn-li, I go-in-ryu about Fe-o-do-re Fa-ran-skom, Ser-gii and Pir-re, Ki-re Alek-san-dry-skom, Go-no-rii Rim-skom, Ma-ka-rii An-tio- chi-skom and others in a hurry-no-kah them, and christi-an-skom, really standing, ukre-pi-li.
After all this, God is sweet, “Someone wants every person to be spa-sen I reached my knowledge ", in our time it is ra-di our-ro-da, about whom no-one has ever asked bo-til-sya, for good-ro-go de-la car-move us teach-te-la, bla-wen-no-go teach-te-la Me-fo-diya, co-ro-go all do-ro-de-te-li and move-gi to each of these pleasures-no-kov-lo-alive, do not be ashamed: after all, he is ra -wen was, others a little less, and others more, - red-no-speech children - red-no-re-chi-em. Each-to-mu-to-do-to-beat-shis, each of them showed himself: the fear of God, -ty, attachment to prayer and sanctity, the word is strong and the mole is strong for the opponents, and the mole is something for those who accept the teachings, rage, quietness, mercy, love, passion and patience, - he was all of everything, so that everyone -to draw.
He was kind from both sides, not hu-to-go, but good and honest, from-know-but-go from-to-on to God and ts- ryu, and to the whole So-lun country, which was also revealed by his body image. In this way, and (participants-ni-ki) disputes, who have been with him since childhood, were with him respectful be-se-dy, for the king , having learned about the speed of his (mind), he did not instruct him to hold on to the Slavic prince, so that he would learn all the Slavic customs and habits in-not-much-gu, as if pro-see-dya, - I (would) say, - that God wanted to send him to teach-te-lem for the Slavs and the first ar-hee-epi-sko-pom.
Pro-ve-dya on the princess for many years and saw a lot of devil-in-a-daughters-daughters of this life, he changed the head-le - to the earthly darkness in the thought of the sky, because he did not want to feel the good-dear soul by the fact that it is not forever - but not yu-schim. And, find a convenient time, he got out of the prince and went to Olympus, where the holy fathers live. With a haircut, he was dressed in black robes and pre-was-shaft, with a tight-ness in-well-yas. And, using the whole my-our-she-rank, he turned to books.
But it happened at that time the following: the king sent for Philo-so-fom, his brother, (to go) to ha-z-ram (and) so that he would take him for help. After all, there were Jews there, strong-but-liv-shih of the Christian faith. He also said that: "I am ready to die for the Christian faith." And he was not a donkey, but as he walked he served as a slave to his younger brother, as-if-well-ya-ya to him. He prays-lit-va-mi, and Philo-sof words-va-mi-maybe-could-if those and in-shit-if-if. But the king and pat-ri-arch, saw-dev in-move him, fit for God-his way, convinced him (agree-to-say), so that -ti-whether in ar-khi-epi-sko-py to an even place, where there is a need for the same mu-same. Since he didn’t agree, take him and put him in the igu-me-nom in the mon-na-st-re -va-it-Xia Po-li-chron, the income of ko-ro-go from-me-ry-is-Xia two-dts-ty four-four-me down-da-mi zo-lo- that, and there are more than seven fathers in him.
It happened in those days that Ro-sti-glav, the prince of Slavic, and the Holy regiment sent from Mo-ra-viii to tsa-ryu Mi-ha-i -lu, say-oh-rya like this: “We are God-loving-lo-good-good-you, but there came to us a lot of teachers-te-lei christi-an from ita- Lyan-tsev, and from the Greeks, and from the Germans, teaching us differently, but we, Slavs, people are simple - he taught us the truth and taught us ra-zu-mu. In that-mu, good-ry-dy-ka, go this-to-that man, who-that-ry will help us with any truth ”. Then the king Mi-ha-il said Philo-so-fu Kon-stan-ti-nu: “Do you hear, Philo-sof, this speech? No one else can do this, except you. So on those-be-da-ry there are many and, having taken the brother of his own ygu-me-na Me-fo-dy, go on. After all, you are so-lu-nanny, and so-lu-nanny are all good-ro-sho-say in Slavic. "
Here they did not dare to speak out either before God or before the king, in the word of the holy apo-hundred-la-Peter, as he said: "God, be afraid, read the king." But, in-feeling-vav ve-li-chie de la, they prayed together with others who were the same du-ha as they are. And then God revealed the Slavic books to Philo-so-fu. And the one, that-the-hour-to-rya-to-chiv-you and co-sta-viv be-se-dy, from-right-vil-Xia on the way to Mo-ra-via, taking Me-fo-diy ... And he, again, with a good sense of it, began to serve Philo-so-fu and teach with him. And when mi-nu-lo three years-yes, they returned from Mo-ra-viii, you-taught the disciples.
Having learned about such people, Apo-stol-face Ni-ko-lai sent for them, wishing to see them as An-ge-lov of God-zhi-them. He consecrated their teachings, lived the Slavic Gospel on the al-ta-re of the holy apo-la-st-la Peter, and consecrated in po-py bla-wives-no-go Me-fo-diya.
There were a lot of other people, some of them in-but-si-whether Slavic books, say, that doesn’t do -ka-ko-mu na-ro-du to have their own letters, besides-me ev-re-ev, Greeks and la-ti-nyan, according to nad-pi-si Pi-la-ta, ko- to-ruyu he on the Cross Gos-under-him na-pi-sal. Their Apo-sto-face called pi-lat-ni-ka-mi and three-tongues-ni-ka-mi. And one-no-mu epi-sko-poo, who was sick of the same sickness, he wished to sacred from the disciples three in po-pies, and two in ana-gnostov.
Many days later, Philo-sof, from-right-la-I to the Court, said to Me-fo-diyu, to his brother: “Here, brother, were we with that -fight in stubbornness, pa-ha-li one-well bo-rose-doo, and I am at the les-sa (doy-dya bo-rose-doo) I am falling, having finished my day. And at least you really love the go-ru, but you can't leave your teacher, because what else can you better achieve the spa session ? ".
He sent Ko-tsel to Apo-sto-li-ku, pro-strength, so that Me-fo-diya was sent to him, bla-wen-no-go teacher of our th. And the Apo-sto-face said: “Not the same, only, but to all those Slavic countries, I’ll tell him to teach him from Bo- ha and from the holy apo-st-la Pet-ra, the first pre-sto-lo-on-next-ni-ka and der-zha-te-la key from the Kingdom Heaven-but-ho. " And he sent him, na-pi-sav such an epi-hundred-liu: “Adri-an, bishop and the servant of God, Ro-sti-sl-vu and Holy-pol-ku and Co-tse-lu. Glory in the higher ones to God and on the earth the world, in man-ve-kah blah-th-le-niy, that we have heard the spirit-ho-no about you, for this, are we with desire and praying for your spa-se-nia, as the mobilization of the Lord of the heart of va-shi is -Ka-ka-zal to you, that not only do I believe, but also blessed-mi de-la-mi do-do-ba-e serve God, after all, “ve- ra without deeds is dead ", and from-pa-yes-are those who are" in-about-ra-zha-are, that they know God, but de-la-mi are re-ka-yut-sya from Him. " After all, not only at this saint-tel-s-th pre-la about-s-if you are a teacher, but also at the blah-th-sure-no-tsar Mi-ha-i-la, so that he send bla-wen-no-go to you Philo-so-fa Kon-stan-ti-na with his brother, for-ku-yes we have not done whether. They, having seen that the countries of yours are in -to-no-go ka-no-us, but they came to us and brought with them the might of the holy Kli-ment. We, the triple joy of getting-chiv, for-the-cape-whether-whether to send to your countries sy-na-she-go Me-fo-diya, mu-ma-ma so-ver-shen-no-go ra-zu-m and right-in-true-no-go, having tried and connected him together with his teachers, so that he taught you, as you pro-si-whether, from la-gai in the language, your books in full for all churches-but -go chi-na, including with the holy month, that is, service-battle, and with the Cross, as the beginning of Philo-sof Kon-stan-tin Bo-zhi -a blah-go-da-tyu and mo-lit-va-mi saint Kli-ment. In the same way, if someone else can do-well-but-right-in-true-but-say, - yes, it will be holy and blessed-words-le-no Bo- gom and us and the whole All-Lena and Apo-so-so Tser-ko-view, so that you can easily learn for-in-the-dyam of God-zhi-im. Only this one keep you custom-tea, so that during the month of sleep-cha-la chi-ta-li Apo-table and Evang-ge-lie po-la-you-no, in Slavic. Yes, the word of Pis-sa-nia is used, that "they will praise the Gos-po-yes, all the n-ro-dy", and another: "And everything will be - to speak about the greatness of God in different languages, in which the Holy Spirit will let them speak. "
Is there any one of the teachers you have gathered, one of those who hear the rumor and from the truth from yam, start, daringly, bring in between you times, read the books in your language, let it be from-lu-chen not only from the Part-part, but also from the Church, until it is corrected. For they are wolves, not sheep, which should be recognized by their fruits and without speaking from them.
You, cha-da-lo-lov-ny, by-see-nu-te-teach the teachings of God-zh-e-mo and do not reject the teachings of the tserkov-no-go , so that you become truly-t-but-klo-nya-yu-shchi-mi-Xia Bo-gu, Father in heaven, with all the holy mi. Amen".
Ko-tsel also accepted him with great honor and again sent him, and also twenty-twenty-four-century from the names of people, to Apo -sto-li-ku, so that he blessed him on the bishopric in Pan-no-nii on the pre-table of the holy An-d-ro-ni-ka, apo-sto- la from the number of se-mi-de-si-ti, which became-lo.
After this, the old enemy, the nena-vist-nik of good and the antagonist of the truth-us, re-mobilized on him the heart of the enemy, the Moravian Ro-la, with all the epi-sko-pa-mi, what, they say, "in our ob-la-sti you learn." He answered: “I myself would have walked sideways if I had told that you were. But she is holy Peter. In truth, if you are, because of-the-stu-st and the greed, in-pre-ka-no-us to the old pre-de-la na-stu-pa-e-te , pre-fingering the teachings of God, then be-re-gu-te, so as not to spill your brain, wishing with a bone-me-me to beat climb go-ru ". They answered-ve-cha-whether to him, saying in rage: "Evil, be-you-do-you-do-desh." He answered: “Is-ti-well, go-in-ryu in front of the ts-ry-mi and I'm not ashamed, but you do-do-pai-te with me, how-ti-those , because I am not better than those who were in great torments and lived for the fact that they spoke the truth. " And when a lot of questions were-lo-yes-but and could not refute him, said the co-role, standing up: “Do not bother-let-those my-th-th Me-fodia, because he has already recovered, like a stove. " He said: "So, vl-du-ka." Met people somehow sweat-no-go phylo-so-fa (and) say to him: "Why are you so helpful?" And he: "I argued with an ignoramus." And after arguing about these words, they dispersed, and he, co-glory to Shva-biya, kept two with a half-vy-yes.
It went to the Apo-sto-li-ka. And having warned them, he sent a prohibition against them so that not a single king's bishop would serve the month, that is, he would serve, while he was being held. So, let him go, say-zav Ko-tse-lu: "If you have him, don't get away from us good." But they did not leave the court of St. Peter, because of these epi-sko-pov, four-ve-ro died.
When-klu-ch-el-so-then, that mo-ra-vane, make sure that the German po-p-p, who-ry lived with them, did not come - or to them, but you are forging an eye for them, all of them are sent to Apo-sto-li-ku: “Since the former fathers are -th Peter Baptism received-nya-whether, then give us Me-fo-diya ar-hi-epi-sko-pom and teach-te-lem. " That hour sent him the Apo-sto-face. And the Holy Regiment, the Prince with his-and-mi-ra-va-na-mi, received him and instructed him to all the churches and du-ho-ven-tity in all -dah. And from that day on, the teaching of God began to grow very much, and the spirit of faith in all cities began to grow and live a lot. Xia, and in-g-nye - to believe in true God, from their for-wanderings from-re-ka-I more and more. And the Moravian power began to expand its pre-deeds and to run-to give its enemies without failures, just like they themselves ras-ska-zy-va- they are.
There was a pro-ro-ro-che-sky in him, so that many of his prophecies came true. We will tell you about one or two of them.
A very strong pagan prince, si-maiden on the Vis-le, in-no-forces hr-sti-an and pa-co-sti de lal. Glory to him, said (Me-fo-diy): “Ho-ro-sho would you be baptized, son, with my own will on my land, so that you are not baptized forcibly in a ple-well on a foreign land. And remember me. " And so it was.
Or here. Once upon a time, the Holy Regiment went to-e-shaft with in-g-ny-mi and did not reach anything, but med-lil. When he began to approach the month, that is, the service of St. Peter, (Me-fo-diy) sent to him, go-in: “If-if-you-promise-you-eat with me with your-and-for-and-for-and-for the day of St. Peter, then I believe that -but God will give them to you. " And so it was.
One man-century, very big and co-vet-nik (prince-zya), same-nil-syya on his ku-me, that is, on yatro-vi, and (Me-fo -di) instructed and taught a lot, and ugov-va-ri-val them, but he could not deduce them. Because others, you-yes-vaya yourself for the slaves of God, secretly rotate them, flattering because of their property, and in -all from-vy-ti-whether them from the Church-vi. And he said: “The hour will come when these flatterers will not be able to help, and they will remember my words, but they will do nothing. children not-zya ". Out-of-place, after God-zhi-his-footsteps, fell on them, “and their place did not become, but as if a whirlwind, under- having grasped, sowed the dust. " There were many and other things like this, about which he opened in parables.
The old enemy, nena-vist-nick ro-da che-lo-ve-che-ho-ho could not stand to sing all this, having lifted on him some-ry, like on Mo-i-seya, Da-fa-na and Avi-ro-na, one of them is open, the other is secret. Patients of the Iopa-tor-sky heresy co-rotate the weak-beats from the right way, go-in: “Pa-pa gave power to us, and he is led to be driven out together with his teaching. "
Having taken the whole Moravian people, they ve-le-whether honor before them to the epi-hundred, so that they hear about his persecution. People are, as in-kind-but-human-ve-ku, all pe-cha-l-l-l-l-l-e-l-e-l, that l-sha-l-o-ha-ha-e -yah and teach-te-la - except for the weak, which-ry-mi-ga-la lie, like leaves-mi ve-ter. But when you read the letter Apo-sto-li-ka, then about-na-ru-zhi-if the following: “Our brother Me-fo-diy is holy and right-to- ve-ren and de-la-et apo-so-de-lo, and in his hands all the Slavic lands from God and from apo-so-so la, and whom he will curse, he will be cursed, and whom he will blaspheme, he will be holy. " And, in a shame, they dispersed, like a tu-man, with a shame-house.
On this evil-ba they did not end, but did they begin to say that the king was angry with him and, if he found it, he would not be alive -mu. But dear God did not want that even in this hu-li-li of His servant, He invested in the heart of the tsar-ryu, for the heart of the tsar always came into the hands of God, thought and sent a letter to him: “Honest father, I really want to see. So do-lay sweetness, work-dir (come-to-be) to us, so that we see-de-te-bya, while you are in this light, and your prayers at -Na-li ". And he immediately went there, the king received him with great honor and joy and, praising his teaching, withdrew from his teaching -nikov po-pa and dia-co-na with kni-ha-mi. And yet he did it, he wanted it, and he didn’t give it away in anything. Ob-las-kav and ode-rew, pro-d-led him with a wail back-to-back on his pre-table. So is the patri-arch.
On all the same ways, he did it in many ways from dia-in-la: in the empty-ny-ny to raz-fight-ni-kam, on the sea in the waves not-nya wind-ditch, on the rivers in the out-of-zap-ny tornadoes, so that the word apo-sto-la was used on it: no-kov, be-dy in the sea, be-dy on the rivers, be-dy from false brothers, in labor and in motion, in a hundred-yan-ny -niy, in a lot of go-lo-de and thirst-de ”and in other pe-cha-lyah, about who-ryh-oh-mi-na-et-apo-table.
And then, protect yourself from compassion and sadness your g-g as-lo-alive, even earlier in a sa-div from the disciples of their two po-pov, excellent speed-writers, quickly pe-re-lo-lived all the books, all in full, except for Mac-ka-veys, from the language of Greek to Slavic, in six months, starting from March to the twenty sixth day ok-tyab-rya month-tsa. Having finished, he gave worthy praise and glory to God, yes, yes, such a bliss and good luck. And the Holy Secret Ascension, from-id-no-shaft to the memory of the holy Di-mit-ry, is with the cle-r. After all, before, with Philo-so-phom, he pe-re-lo-lived only the Psalm-Tire and the Gospel-Hele with the Apo-table and of the mi service-ba-mi. Then the same and No-mo-ka-non, that is, pra-vi-lo za-ko-na, and the paternal books pe-re-lo-lived.
When the Hungarian co-role came to the Danish countries, he wanted to see him: and at least some go-thieves - whether and pre-la-ha-whether, that do not leave him without torment, he went to him. But he, as well as to-do-ba-et vl-dy-ke, and accepted it - with something, weak-howling and good-to-do. And by-be-se-do-vav with him, how did-to-lo these mu-zham lead be-se-dy, ot-pus-stil him, ob-las-kav, po-tse -lo-vav, with da-ra-mi ve-li-ki-mi, ska-zav: "Po-mi-nay me-nya always, honest father, in your holy lit-wakh ".
So he pre-seized from all sides about-not-ning, closing the mouth of the man, waiting for the righteous wreath. And since he so pleased, he was loved by God. Began to come close to the time to take it for a while from the passions and start for a lot of work. And ask him, whether you say: “Who, counting, you, honest father and teacher, among your disciples would be no one in your teaching? " And why-ka-hall he them on one of the known disciples of their own, I have a whether a free husband, na-scholar ho-ro-sho in la-ting books, right-in-ve-ren. May God be-child will and your love, like mine. " And when all the people gathered on the Palm Sunday, he, the weak, entered the church, bla-a-th-viv the king, the prince and the clerics, and the whole people, said: "Ste-re-gi-te me-nya, de-ti, three days." And so it was. On the third day, he said the following: "In your hands, Gos-in-di, I hold my soul." And he read on the hands of the priests on the 6th day of the month of ap-re-la in the 3rd in-dict 6393 from the co-creation of the whole world.
Pri-go-to-viv him to the war and give him the proper honor, from-to-serve the disciples of his church service -la-you-no, in-Greek-che-ski and in Slavic-ski and in-li-li-if it is in the congregational church. And he came to his fathers and pat-ri-ar-ham, and pro-ro-kam, and apo-sto-lam, teach-te-lyam, mu-che-no -kam. And take good luck, countless people-native crowds pro-vo-zha-whether with candles of good-ro-go teachers and pass-you rya: husbands and women, small and large, large and poor, free and slave, good and bad ro-you, other-zem-ts and local, sick and healthy, - all, mourning for the one who was all of everything in order to attract everyone. You, holy and honest head, in your prayers, take care of us, who are striving for you, because of all na-pa-sti, teachers of their own and the teaching of ras-pro-country-ny, and heresy from-go-nya, so that, live here up-stop-but-we -to-knowledge, whether we have become with that, a hundred-to-yours, the right hand-to-well of Christ, God is ours, eternal life with -ni-may from Him. To Him is glory and honor forever. Amen.
Bib-lio-te-ka li-te-ra-tu-ry Ancient Ru-si. T. 2.SPb., 2004.
Another biography of the Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and Methodius, Slavic teachers
Holy equal-noap-oh-so-ny Kirill, teacher of Slovenian (before accepting the schema - Kon-stan-tin) and his older brother Me-fo -di (memory of 6 apr-re-la) according to the pro-ex-wandering of sla-vyane, ro-di-fox in Ma-ke-do-nii, in the city of Soluni. Saint Cy-rill got a brilliant education, from the age of 14 years old -nom im-pe-ra-to-ra. He quickly took the rank of pre-swi-te-ra. On as-rotation-ny in Kon-stan-ti-no-pol so-sto-yal bib-lio-te-ka-rem with-bor-noy church-vi and pre-po-da-va-te -lem of Philo-Sophia. Saint Kirill with success led the debate with the here-ti-ka-mi iko-no-bor-ts-mi and with ma-go-me-ta-na-mi. Striving to leave-not, he retired to Mount Olympus to his elder brother Me-fo-di, but leaving his it didn't take long. Both brothers were-that-were-known-in 857-do im-pe-ra-to-rum Mi-ha-i-lom in the mis-si-o-nersky journey for pro-po-ve-di christi-an-stva u ho-zar. By the way, they stayed-nav-li-wa-lied in Kherson and about-re-whether there might be sacred-no-mu-che-no-ka. Having come to the ho-for-ram, the holy brothers be-se-do-va-li with them about the chris-sti-an-sky-re. The convinced pro-in-ve-d'yu of the holy Ki-rill-la ho-zar-prince and with him the whole people have brought the christi-an-stvo. The good-for-nothing prince ho-tel to-d-d-d-in-ved-nikov bo-ha-you-mi da-ra-mi, but they refused to go and pro-si-whether the prince-zy-let-go with them on the ro-di-well of all the Greek captives. Saint Kirill returned to Kon-stan-ti-no-pol with 200 captives.
In 862, the main business of the holy brothers began. At the request of the prince Ro-sti-sla-va, im-pe-ra-tor sent them to Mo-ra-viya for pro-po-ve-di christi-an-stva to sla-vyan -ski language. Saints Cy-rill and Me-fodiy, according to the opening of God, with-sta-vi-li Slavic az-bu-ku and pe-re-ve-li on sl -vian language Gospel, Apo-table, Psalm-shooting and many God-servant books. They have introduced a divine ministry in the Slavic language. Then the holy brothers were-called-to-be-called to Rome at the invitation of Rome Pa-p, where Pa-pa Adri-an met them with ve- it is a honor, for they brought that-yes power of the holy-scholar-no-mu-che-no-kli-ment-that, Pa-py of Rome. By pri-ro-de-bo-lez-n-n-ny and weak, holy Cyrill from many works soon got sick and, having taken the schema, con- chal at 869 42 years old.
Before his death, he promised his brother to continue to live the Christian enlightenment of the Slavs. According to Saint Cyrill in the Roman Church of Saint Kli-Men, where the powers of this holy -che-no-ka, arrived-not-sen-nye in Italy from Her-so-ne-sa slo-vene-sky-mi uchi-te-la-mi.
See also: "" in the book of St. Di-mit-rya Rostov-go.
Prayers
Troparion to Equal to the Apostles Cyril the Philosopher, teacher of Slovenian
From the shroud / wisdom I made my sister to myself, God-glared, / the most glorious vision, as a virgin, / yuzhe reception, I bring, / as monisty zlatým I seyu decorate my iltei / duzhemen mudre.
Translation: From infancy, persistently making wisdom your sister (), the preacher of God, you saw her as the most luminous, like the immaculate virgin whom you accepted, brought to you, as if you decorated your soul and mind with a golden necklace, and became (in monasticism) another, Cyril ( in the world - Constantine), blessed, wise in name and reason.
Troparion to the Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and Methodius, a Slovenian teacher
Yako the apostle of unanimity / and Slovene countries teachers, / Kirill and Methodius of Bogomudriy, / Pray to the Lord of all, / all the languages of Slovene are approved in Pravoslivia, and peace of mind.
Translation: teachers of the same mind and Slavic countries, Cyril and Methodius God-wise, pray to the Lord of all all Slavic peoples in Orthodoxy and to approve of like-mindedness, to protect and save our souls in the world.
Kontakion to Equal to the Apostles Cyril the Philosopher, teacher of Slovenian
Solid and divinely inspired doctrine / enlightening the world with glorious charges, / flowed around, like the universe of light, / Cyril is blessed, / scattering the glorious Divine words, / miracles in the world and in the wake of the sun
Translation: Enlightening the world with the brilliant radiance of the unchanging and teaching, you flew like lightning around the universe, Cyril, scattering the blessed word of God in the west and north and south, enlightening the world with teaching, saint.
Tverdago and God-inspired doctrine / enlightening the world with glorious charges, / flowed around, like a prayer, the universe, holy Cyril, / scattering God's word in the West, and the sever, peace and enlightenment
Translation: Enlightening the world with the brilliant radiance of the unchanging and divinely inspired teaching, you flew like lightning around the universe, Saint Cyril, scattering God's word in the west and north, and south, enlightening the world with teaching, saint.
In Kontakion to Equal to the Apostles Cyril the Philosopher, teacher of Slovenian, at a prayer service
You will love the holy life, holy, / with the three-solar Deity charges, illuminate, / come, like a prayer, throughout the whole universe, / enlightening the northern and southern earths, / westerly, nowadays, the light does not come / I come to sin. spiritual, // and we have boldness towards God.
Translation: Having loved the bright life, the saint, illuminated by the bright radiance of the Divine, appeared like lightning throughout the universe, enlightening the countries of the North and South, and appearing as an unfading light for the West. Therefore, even now, having dispersed the darkness of sin, saint, ask from above for the spiritual, since you have to God.
Kondak Equal to the Apostles Cyril and Methodius, a Slovenian teacher
The sacred pair of our enlighteners almost
Translation: Let us honor the sacred pair of our enlighteners, translating the Divine Scriptures into the source of the knowledge of God, from which, even to this day, abundantly drawing, we glorify you, Cyril and Methodius, the Almighty who are coming and fervently praying for our souls.
Glorification of the Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and Methodius, the Slovenian teacher
We magnify you, / the saints of Equal-to-the-Apostles Methodius and Cyril, / all the Slovenian countries with their enlightened teachings // and led to Christ.
Prayer to the Equal-to-the-Apostles Cyril and Methodius, the Slovenian teacher
O Glorious Illuminator Slovenian language, Saints Cyril and Methodius, your letters and the light of Christ's teaching prosvetivshesya and faith nastavlshesya, Thou offspring to the fathers, hard nowadays resort and contrite heart we pray: If ye, and the covenant of your not soblyudohom about pleasing bo God nebregohom and from brotherly like-mindedness in the wind you have fallen asleep, both as a tree in your earthly life, you do not turn away the sinful and unworthy now, but, since you have the goodness of the disdain, give you the light of the way , may he lead to the unanimity of those who have fallen away and all of us with the spirit of love, may he unite with the One Holy One, the Holy One, and the Holy Apostles of the Church! Wém bo, as much can the prayer of the righteous by the grace of the Lord. Do not leave us, sad and unworthy, children of yours, and for the sake of the sins of your flock, shared by enmity and deceived by the temptations of others, who are deceived, but the oaths of words, are bursting with raptures. Podazhdte DRC us the prayers of your jealousy Orthodoxy, like a yes paternal tradition of good preservation, the canons of the church faithfully complied with, any false teachings strange otbezhim and tacos in the life of God-pleasing prespevayusche life of paradise in heaven be worthy, idezhe kupno you glorified in the Trinity one God, for ever and ever ... Amen.
Canons and Akathists
Akathist to the saints Equal to the Apostles Methodius and Cyril, the Slovenian teacher
Kontakion 1
Election from the King of the powers of the Lord Jesus as an apostle in the language of Slovenian, Methodius and Cyril of God-wisdom, we praise you, our representatives, with songs; But you, as if you have boldness towards the Lord, from all our misfortunes through your intercession, free those who call: Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and the teaching of God.
Ikos 1
The Creator of Angels and the Lord of Powers, present you to be enlighteners in the Slovenian language; For this sake, His grace is with you, protecting and strengthening you throughout the days of your life, you are also a helper for your property, the glory of God in the city and wilderness, deeds and words spoke naturally to everyone. The same we, as a branch of the language, by the faith of Christ from you enlightened, we sing to you, saying: Rejoice, the joy of the Gospel evangelism; Rejoice, bearer of miraculous grace. Rejoice, many sorrows for the name of the Lord you have accepted; Rejoice, you rejected the delights of this world. Rejoice, child of God blessing; Rejoice, adorned with confession crowns from Him. Rejoice, for the glory of man was despised, in the wilderness of the Lord they were looking for nature; Rejoice, for His will the strong of the world this, with much boldness, they naturally proclaimed. Rejoice, for the sake of these, for the sake of the Lord of all, to heaven of light of acceptance; Rejoice, our warmth intercessors are before Him. Rejoice, for by your prayers the faith of our imam is confirmed; Rejoice, as through the intercession of your heresies the overcoming of banners. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 2
Seeing Saint Cyril, still a young lad, in the night a vision, as if to choose Sophia his virgin sister for yourself, tell this parent. Tii, who understood the will of God here, in the hedgehog to be a child of their wisdom to the servant, was concerned about teaching and punishing him, but seeing his imminent perfection in his mind, I pray to God: Alleluia.
Ikos 2
Misunderstood reason and testing the nature of beings, Cyril in wisdom is more mature than his peer and, still a youth, glorified, and in the royal chambers in the image of a good young son of the Tsar, he was installed. But, despising the wealth and glory of the earth and despising the hedgehog one for the need for salvation, he moved into the wilderness, and with prays and prayers he would achieve dispassion. For these sake, Methodius, the governor is already here, will leave for Mount Olympus, where like a monk serving the Lord. In the same way, we will learn to despise the temptations of the world, especially to please Christ God, saints of His glorious face: Rejoice, in glory, even from a man who has not been deceived; Rejoice, thou who clings to the wilderness. Rejoice, for the Lord has enlightened you in sleepyheads and in visions; Rejoice, for human wisdom also helps you to your salvation. Rejoice, for the Word of God and the holy fathers of Scripture loved nature more than philosophy; Rejoice, as the Lord's law is not forgotten quickly, but the creators. Rejoice, for the wiles of the devil, who find the wilderness, have overcome nature; Rejoice, for for the sake of these, they have given you power over temptations and passions. Rejoice, for your asceticism has earned you the crown of your belly; Rejoice, for even now you are an ascetic and a fasting companion of nature. Rejoice, all sinners before God are blazi intercessors; Rejoice, our souls from the flattery of the satanic defender. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 3
The power of the tsars' prayers compel Saint Cyril to leave the desert for the sake of the shepherd in Constantinople, where the glory of God is taught and deeds of things and the iconoclastic heresy shame. The same, O holy father, affirm us in Orthodoxy, our fellow tribesmen who have fallen away from the true faith, return to common faith, and all Slovenia, with one mouth, cry out for their enlighteners to Christ God: Alleluia.
Ikos 3
Having the power of wisdom, you flowed, Saint Cyril, with the monk George to the Hagarian race for the sake of faith, and from Saint Gregory the Theologian we spiritually enlighten, you have shown the wisdom of the mystery of the Holy Trinity in many similarities, shaming the wicked with the power of your words. Tii, inflamed with envy, delighting with the potion to destroy you, you will taste it, you have not suffered harm, but you have arrived healthy to Saint Methodius in the monastery and with him you have raised the pack of monastic labors, and the desert of your exploits will be enlightened with light. In the same way, enlighten us with your intercession, singing with love: Rejoice, the kindness of the glory of God cymbals; Rejoice, pillars of His firmness to the Church. Rejoice, preaching the mystery of the Trinity in the likeness; Rejoice, incarnation of God the Word before the Saracens without trembling confession. Rejoice, enlightenment of Greeks and Jews and barbarians; Rejoice, proclamation of the Triune Deity. Rejoice, for you shame the iconoclastic flattery; Rejoice, for the Hagarian wickedness is fading away from you. Rejoice, for you are teachers who do not know the truth of Christ; Rejoice, for through the temptation of doubt you find instructors in faith. Rejoice, for those who are angry with the Lord are imposed on you by the representatives before Him; Rejoice, for you are patrons who please Him. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 4
A storm of various misfortunes and evils, in the Slovenian languages, ruin by your intercession, reverends, as if the ministries of many took the lot naturally, and in the face of the apostle, and in the monastic host, and in the teachers of honor, and in the confessors in the army, bring you the Lord, yes, all Slovenes cry to Him about you: Alleluia.
Ikos 4
Hearing Tsar Kozaresk, as if the true faith is confessed in the country of the Greeks, ask for yourself from the Tsar of Byzantine the teachers of Orthodoxy. This one begged Saints Cyril and Methodius to leave the wilderness and sail the Pontus of Euxine to the Kozar. Having come to them, the holy brethren turning their hearts to Christ and giving them saving Baptism. With the same we will glorify the Equal-to-the-Apostles brethren, saying: Rejoice, not afraid to go to the barbarian with the Gospel gospel; Rejoice, having illuminated the sea with your glorious procession there. Rejoice, for the incorruptible relics of the holy Apostle Clement were obtained from you; Rejoice, for with the help of this wickedness of the Kozar will be put to shame on you. Rejoice, for the light of Christ was naturally taught to the midnight country; Rejoice, for your glory has spread to all the ends of the earth for your righteousness. Rejoice, intercession and confirmation to the Church of Christ; Rejoice, our strong fence from heresies and schisms. Rejoice, from the Hagarians and the Jews who received reproach for Christ; Rejoice, you have received a blessing from the relics of the martyr. Rejoice, you taught us to honor the saints in the good way of your life; Rejoice, and yourself, as God's saints, from all Orthodox confessions. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 5
The divine star appears to you the incorruptible body of St. Klimet, floating on the waves of Pontus Euxine, on its bottom from seven hundred years you have been hidden lying. But the Lord has shown you to work miracles as a sign of your apostolic labors and your confessional sorrows. Hedgehog, cry out to God: Alleluia.
Ikos 5
Having seen the holy brethren of their tribal slovens, they profess the true faith, but they do not preach the word of God with their language of honor, panting the Divine books into the language of Slovenian prelagati, but all people in their kindred tongue will glorify the Lord; the same, we will glorify the Lord about our saints, and we will cry out: Rejoice, the gift of Christ's light by a people of a different tribe; Rejoice, enlightenment of the Slovenians, you tribesmen. Rejoice, the work of Christ's grapes; Rejoice, shepherd of the good of the flock of Jesus. Rejoice, the words of God are faithful to the interpreter; Rejoice, our blazies and gentle teachers. Rejoice, you have carried the peace of Christ with you everywhere; Rejoice, the whole world is the light of your enlightened teachings. Rejoice, and now you who accept the prayers of us sinners; Rejoice, and now sending consolation to the sad. Rejoice, all, for the truth of the oppressed, refuge; Rejoice, most honorable dwelling of the Holy Spirit. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 6
Former preachers of God-bearing, holy brethren in the countries of the Slovenian idosh, enlighten newly baptized people with the teaching of Christ. Tii, having seen you, like bright angels, the salvation of the gospel of the coming, like good shepherds, believing their souls for the sheep, crying out to God who glorifies His holy: Alleluia.
Ikos 6
The dawn of the true faith that arose in Moravia, asked the princes of Slovenia from the Byzantine king to the country for their teachers and empowers with people. Having heard these prayers, Saints Methodius and Cyril moved to the Slovenian countries, preaching the Gospel of the Kingdom of God to the Slovenian people. He even led away, rejoiced in the Slovene and, everywhere, flowing in to the holy brethren, I will follow the law of God, glorifying the Lord and praising his own enlighteners, with them we will sing along to Methodius and Cyril, crying out: Rejoice, our apostles are our God-glories; Rejoice, our teachers of grace. Rejoice, our confessors, possessing much boldness; Rejoice, our venerable hermits. Rejoice, our prayers are warm; Rejoice, our miracle workers. Rejoice, glorify God with all the tongues of your will; Rejoice, you have valiantly denounced the trilingual heresy. Rejoice, consolation in the year of sorrow; Rejoice, in the situation of grave hopes and intercession. Rejoice, bringing our prayers of repentance to the Lord of all; Rejoice, and you yourself will bring those praying to Him for us. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 7
Even though you will be driven out of the Slovenian countries, you have slandered the Latin priests before the Bishop of Rome. When this, with the relics of Saint Clement, will come to see you and your orthodoxy and your good life, take away, abie shame slandering you greedy people, bless you in the name of Christ, singing to God: Alleluia.
Ikos 7
The divine apostles are the holy brethren, not the property of rest in their labors: Saint Cyril was exhausted from the exploits of many, soon after his coming to Rome his belly died. But Saint Methodius was strengthened by the zeal of his brother and honored by the grace of the bishop from Pope Adrian; return to new exploits in Moravia and Pannonia, where you have borne many labors; for those who marvel, let us sing to the holy brethren, calling out: Rejoice, the good servants of Christ; Rejoice, for even to death, return to the truth naturally. Rejoice, Lord, and not a man who pleases; Rejoice, His name for the sake of reproach from the person who has received it. Rejoice, through all your life in the field of the Lord you have labored; Rejoice, and after death you are not separated from your flock by love. Rejoice, light to the world and salt of the former land; Rejoice, like a lamp burning in the darkness, with the tongue of the shining light. Rejoice, for hail is not hidden from the faithful and the unbelievers on the top of the mountain; Rejoice, you have created the commandments of the Lord and taught others. Rejoice, for this, for the sake of greatness, in the Kingdom of God by name; Rejoice, on earth in the Church of the Lord's glorification. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 8
It is strange that Saint Cyril's repose appears to all, not thinking about temporarily life, but the Lord about the churches he has newly enlightened, pray, may I establish in Orthodoxy and protect me from Trilingual heresy and other misfortunes and misfortunes, while Saint Methodius exhorted you, verb: , the wife of oxen byakhove, weighed down one reel, and I fall in the forest, having passed away; You love the holy mountain Velmi, do not move the mountains for the sake of abandoning the teachings of the Slovenian languages ”. In the same way, we marvel at the bit of jealousy of the holy brethren, let us sing to God: Alleluia.
Ikos 8
All being devoted in soul and body to the precepts of his brother, Saint Methodius was not afraid of the princes' reprimands, nor slander from the Latin priests, nor imprisonment, but all this, like a good warrior of Christ, enduring, not ceasing the languages of Slovenian and his flock to good rule and enlighten , even in old age, go to St. Cyril in the blessed monastery of paradise end. To them we will sing warmly: Rejoice, with a crown of patience on the land of the wedding; Rejoice, with the eternal light in the heavens of radiance. Rejoice, ascetics, poor in spirit, for yours is the Kingdom of Heaven; Rejoice, you have cried a lot, as if you have been abundantly comforted. Rejoice, meek ones, as the heir in Christ of the land of Slovenia; Rejoice, drunkards and thirsty for righteousness, as if you are satisfied in the villages of heaven. Rejoice, merciful ones, for it is not only naturally that you have mercy, but others are quicker to intercede with mercy from God; Rejoice, pure in heart, for today God is seen face to face. Rejoice, peacemakers who have been a man, as the son of God has made himself to the bone; Rejoice, exile for the sake of righteousness, for yours is the Kingdom of God. Rejoice, for hate is quicker from man and persecution and slander are quicker for Christ's sake; Rejoice and rejoice, for your wages are many in heaven. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 9
All intrigues, finding the Slovenian countries, cheerfully ruined nature, reverend, the same and now do not leave us, humble and sinful, but all Slovenia in Orthodoxy and like-mindedness affirm, so that with one mouth and one heart cry out to God who glorified you: Alleluia.
Ikos 9
Vitya multi-message, as if the fish are speechless, we see about you, reverend, they will be perplexed, how in the desert the spirit soared naturally, and in the midst of a man vigilant feats of labor. We, rejoicing, as such are the imams, teachers and prayer books, we glorify you, saying: Rejoice, true confessors of faith; Rejoice, heiress of the Kingdom of God. Rejoice, denunciation of the iconoclastic heresy; Rejoice, Judaism is a shame. Rejoice, trilingual heresy of correction; Rejoice, you have opened the doors of the Kingdom of Heaven with a word. Rejoice, warrior Christ, even in living from Him with the glory of the wedding; Rejoice, and in your glory the spirit of humility is observance. Rejoice, you wicked one, like Isaiah and Jeremiah, from the same tribe for the good reception; Rejoice, like Daniel and Esther, for your language of intercession. Rejoice, with all the saints, the unmixing light of shining; Rejoice, with all the saints of God praying to the Lord for us sinners. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 10
To save the new flock of Christ from the wolves of the mind, Saint Methodius on his deathbed his disciples prayingly stand firmly in the true faith, fear the wiles of the enemy, but also in sorrow and misfortune for all thanks to God, singing: Alleluia.
Ikos 10
The wall is natural to all, about Orthodoxy, working people, and intercession to you with faith flowing in, Methodius and Cyril of God-wisdom, for the Creator chose you to be a fisherman on earth, and after that in heaven, face the apostle with the face of the apostle. In the same way, pray to us for His grace with the gift of giving, tenderly crying as follows: Rejoice, in virtues, like fine linen, adorned; Rejoice, in wisdom you have been compared with Solomon. Rejoice, by abstinence and prayer to the great Anthony and Pachomius you have become like; Rejoice, as the Great Basil and John Chrysostom, by the power of the word of giftedness. Rejoice, for Joseph is quicker in chastity; Rejoice, you imitated Jovlem's patience. Rejoice, for you competed with the king and the prophet David with gentleness; Rejoice, having become like Elijah in zeal for the faith of Elijah. Rejoice, for, like Paul and John the Theologian, Christ God was loved by nature; Rejoice, for Daniel and the three youths who bravely glorified God. Rejoice, for you cohabit with an angel and a saint of God; Rejoice, for we also call your name to sinners with faith. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 11
The grateful singing brings to the Lord, the representation to us of sinners who gave you, with tenderness we pray, our holy teachers, do not abhor us laziness for our sake, below depart from us grievous for the sake of our iniquities, but ask for mercy from the Lord to all who cry out to Him about you: Alleluia ...
Ikos 11
Let us glorify the luminous apostle of the Slovenian pair of praise, faithfulness, let us eliminate our strife and strife, even more divisions in faith, but the unity of the spirit in the union of peace is observed, let us sing to the holy teachers like this: Rejoice, thunderous trumpets of the Gospel evangelism; Rejoice, gusli of the sweet-sounding sermon of salvation. Rejoice, bearer of righteousness; Rejoice, destruction of the steadfastness of unrighteousness. Rejoice, giver of joy to all who have been; Rejoice, you have perceived the sorrows of attacks from everywhere. Rejoice, bribes and rewards by your labor from people who have not sought; Rejoice, O ungrateful people who have prayed to God. Rejoice, angel of God and saints who rejoiced in his exploits and in his virtues; Rejoice, eternal joys bunched with them in the habitation of blissful delights. Rejoice, stars, shining with the light of truth; Rejoice, yourselves of your virtues with the light of illumination. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 12
Ask for the grace of unity and peace for us, reverend, and peace in the whole world until the end of your worldly life of your evangelism, as if we, too, freed from all schisms and temptations, in the world we will sing, as friends, to the Lord who loved the only peacemaker of all: Alleluia.
Ikos 12
Singing your wondrous life on earth and glory, even in heaven, thinking, humbly we pray to you, holy teacher, strength from above Orthodox Christians on the enemies of the invisible and visible who gave, and the peoples of Slovenia, in the unity of the faith that brought, they all sing, truly crying out: Rejoice, Orthodoxy is a solid fence; Rejoice, living conviction of unbelief. Rejoice, the procession of the Holy Spirit from the Father to that, as if from ancient times with the priyakh, confessed; Rejoice, to perform the service of God according to your testament tongue. Rejoice, the righteous are affirmed in righteousness; Rejoice, and the wicked are turned to the law. Rejoice, for you and we, in fulfillment of the Church, enter; Rejoice, for you have achieved the word of God in a language akin to us. Rejoice, for by your prayers, like a strong visor, we protect ourselves from our enemies; Rejoice, for by your intercession we will be honored with eternal life. Rejoice, pastor and fathers in all words, for their sake all the brethren; Rejoice, for for your brethren's sake I was created according to the flesh and according to the spirit of the brethren Christ. Rejoice, Methodius and Cyril, the language of the Slovenian apostles and teaching of God.
Kontakion 13
Oh, the wondrous and foreboding language of the Slovenian teachers, the Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Methodius and Cyril, accept our prayer today, free all Slovenia from the evils and troubles that find them, keep in peace and unity, and bring everyone to the Kingdom of Heaven by your intercession to the Kingdom of Heaven by your intercession. : Alleluia.
(This kontakion is read three times, then ikos 1 and kontakion 1)
Prayer to Saints Equal to the Apostles Methodius and Cyril, a Slovenian teacher
Oh, the glorious language of Slovenian teaching and enlightenment, Saints Equal-to-the-Apostles Methodius and Cyril. To you, as a child to the father, by the light of the teachings and letters of your enlightenment and in the faith of Christ's instruction, now we earnestly resort and pray in contrition of our hearts. If your covenant, as if your children did not subdue, did not obey and please God, as you learn, careless, and from like-mindedness and love, even in words, as if to your brethren in faith and in the flesh, you will bequeath good, by death, both, as if ancient in life Your ungrateful and unworthy will not turn away vain, but will repay the good for the evil, so do not avert your prayers even now sinful and unworthy children of yours, but, as a great property, boldness to the Lord, pray diligently to Him, that He may instruct and turn us on the path of salvation, but strife and the strife, arising among the brothers of the same faith, will pacify, the fallen packs into like-mindedness will lead us all by the unity of spirit and love in one, will unite the Saints, Synods and Apostles of the Church. We are, we are, as the prayer of the righteous man can do much to the mercy of the Lord, even if it is brought about for sinful people. Do not leave us, your sad and unworthy children, their sin for the sake of your flock, gathered by you, is shared by hostility, and temptations are deceived from other faiths, diminished, her verbal sheep are scattered, they admire mental wolves, give us jealousy with your prayers for Orthodoxy, let us warm up with it, we will preserve the fatherly tradition of goodness, we will faithfully observe the statutes and customs of the Church for those who are sweating, we will run away all false teachings of the strange, and so, in a life pleasing to God on earth, we will vouch for the life of heaven in heaven, and tamo with you, together with the Lord of all, in the Trinity of the One till the end of time. Amen.
Canon to Saint Cyril Equal to the Apostles
Song 1
Irmos: I will open my mouth, and the Spirit will be filled, and I will vomit the word to the Queen Mother, and I will appear, triumphing with light, and I will sing, rejoicing, Thy miracles.
Putting your Divine mouth to the cup of wisdom, nourish yourself with a saving drink, revealing the light with your tongue with your mind, and an ax that cuts out any flattery that is hostile to everyone.
Having enlightened thee, like a luminary, the Light-giver Christ our God to all the world, manifest the teacher and the ambassador, teach the Western languages of the dark Books of Law.
The Holy Spirit from the depths, with God's word, to the whole world, the teacher of good faith, wise, precious beads, God's law With Books, blessedly, sanctify tongues.
Theotokos: Red mind preimé Heavenly forces For God, your God is a spiritual temple, when the Virgin, the most holy city, bore our God in the womb.
Song 3
Irmos: From the heights, you descended by will to the earth above any beginning, and you lifted humble human nature from the hell of the underworld: there is no more holy, more to You, Human-loving.
By the word and heart and language of Christ, the Son of God, preaching, wisdom and power and the incarnate Word, blessed, shaming the trilinguals with inflow jets.
The tailspin is holy, truly appear, blessed Cyril, the voice of salvation to us with a holy spiritual sound, clanging beautifully, flattery you drove away.
About the fiery mind, about the kindly trumpet, about the song of praise, about the golden-spoken gusset, about the tongue sweet honey in parables, Cyril the Wise, remember us all.
Theotokos: With the advice of the Stepfather, the Originless Son, like the Word in Thy falsehood, by the overshadowing of the Holy Spirit, the Theotokos, dwelt in and was born from You in flesh, saving our souls.
Sedalen, voice 8
Like the dawn, having enlightened the whole earth, drive heretics, it was recovered in the east and west and north and yuz: you correct the trilinguals, preaching to the countries, their languages of the verb and betraying the Books. But you have reached Rome, put your body, blessed, in the hand of the Lord, betraying your soul: trust the teacher, pray Christ God of sins forgiveness of tribute to those who honor your holy memory with love.
Song 4
Irmos: Sit in glory on the throne of the Divine in a cloud of light, come Jesus the Divine, the Imperishable Hand, and save those who call: glory to Christ, Your power.
The other Abraham, blessedly, was from the fatherland, the desire for Greater Wisdom, as if you were adorned with golden monists, radiant with radiant rays.
With a copy of your words, as if you pierced Zamri, the Midian heresy that bitterly applied the bodily image of those who swept aside Jesus in the flesh.
Thou hast preached the power of the Holy Spirit to the Father and the Son of the Trisunlight Light, which is equal to that of the Holy Spirit;
Theotokos: Get rid of the first condemnation of Adam by Thee, Maiden, who gained unspeakable joy, blessing for all you gave birth to, the Son of God in our image.
Song 5
Irmos: Now I will rise, - prophetically speaking, God, now I will be glorified, now I will ascend, the fallen reception from the Virgin, and to the Intelligent Light, raise My Deity.
I have adorned you with my mastia, blessed, good, grace is poured out in your mouth, in spiritual wisdom, and the depths of the wicked will be flooded with your words.
Standing firmly, helping according to faith, wise, cutting the flattery of stumbling with your word, equating the faithful with the Divine path, instructing the obedient into the city of Christ.
Floating marvelously the abyss with your word and parables, blessed Cyril, from the disgusting winter with good faith, you entered the silence of the Higher abodes.
Theotokos: Saving men, the Son of Man is equal to the Father and is equal: from Thee, Most Pure, the flesh has received and the earthly God, having created and the Heavenly Kingdom has made men to eat.
Song 6
Irmos: Came into the depths of the sea, and drowned me there is a storm of many sins: but as if God from the depths raise my belly, Most Merciful.
The host is dead, kissed by Hagaryan, like a serpent who lives, in the parables of your Trisolar and One Divinity, exhausted by strength.
As if the chosen arrow is an enemy heretic, buried in the body of a saint, as if it is prophetically written, kept by the Divine and shooting enemies.
Having loved Wisdom from Mlad, I accepted my sister for myself and, having become wise with God, blessedly, you appeared as a philosopher.
Theotokos: Ezekiel Thy gates in the form, image pass the One God Most High, your holy one is fleshly flesh, Most Pure, and did not leave them open to eat.
Kontakion, voice 2.
By firm and God-inspired teaching, enlightening the world with bright dawns, flowing around like lightning the universe, Cyril is blessed, scattering the blessed word of God, in the west and north, and yuze, enlightening miracles.
Ikos
Having loved the blessed life, wisely, the light of the Trisuncular Deity is illuminated, proide, like lightning, the universe, enlightening the northern and southern countries, while the western light does not ascend. The same for me, having chased away the sinful darkness, blessedly, ask from above to send spiritual grace: Imashi, for boldness to God, to constantly pray for everything.
Canto 7
Irmos: Not having served the creature of God-wisdom more than the One Who Created, but the fiery rebuking is masculinely trampled, rejoicing in singing: the Lord God and God, God blessed be the God of the Fathers.
With verbal pishchal, blessed, calling the sheep into the holy fences, with wise parables, with the beauty and sweetness of your words.
Not being intimidated, the teacher, militarily one can bring the Jews into the regiment, all the same people are opened up by their pillar of wisdom, like He is Canaanite with prophetic parables.
To you, the gift of a spring is signified to all the more right of faith, blessed, sweet water always soldering the sons of good faith and filling, like a river, the Church of the Lord with a current.
Theotokos: God, the Skillful God of Heaven, has dwelt in Thy falsehood, Most Pure, the same I pray to Thy sins that are cold for me, save me with the breadth of my repentance.
Canto 8
Irmos: The pious children in the cave, the Mother of God saved the Nativity, then the created, now active, the whole universe raises to you: sing the Lord, deeds, and exalt Him forever.
Having been converted to the Light, the light appeared to the hedgehog's acceptance from God, about the philosopher, otherwise Paul was acquired by virtues, threw the whole earth into the town, shining brighter than the sun, with the word of your teaching cry: Sing the Lord, works, and exalt Him forever.
As if the Hebrew host was pretending with the sharpness of your words, blessedly, in the city of Seversky in Kozareh, add to you. You are a great many more, holy teacher, like Goliath David, in filth.
Great are the strongholds and firmament of the land of Pannonian property, blessed, heretical delusions are destroying by Books and trilinguals, strongly taught by you, the same, the teacher of the wise, remembering ever, we glorify Christ.
Theotokos: With the books of the teachings of the saints, the prophet, the Virgin, the Mother of God We preach by faith, Thou give birth to the Child, the Ancient of days, like a new Man, the same Thy, Most Holy, we sing and exalt.
Canto 9
Irmos: Eve, with an ailment of disobedience, instilled an oath: You, Virgin Mary, you flourished with the vegetation of the world and the blessing, so we magnify Thee.
Like a shining light, you honestly lay Christ, shining at the ends, wise, in the church wreath, For his sake to death, labor to death, multiplying the faithful with reason and fasting.
To Paul the Divine, you were a disciple, following his work, going to the western edge, scattering the word in the bygone (in Kaon), and in Rome, your spirit was in the hand of your God, betraying.
Like the sun on earth ascending, to the teacher, everywhere in parables, beams of God-consent, enlightening, singing thee by faith and about the race of those who stand your body, remember, blessedly, your disciples.
Theotokos: With the rays of Your light, Most Pure One, enlighten my soul now lying in a ruinous ditch, raise up, crushing enemies, insulting my soul ever and motivating me to sins.
Svetilen
Like a lamp for the Christ of the world, showing and the teacher of the universe, blessed Cyril, the Solunskaya branch, those and us who remember your honest memory, we ask for mercy from Him.
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We all know how to read and write, but we never think about who created the letters and words, that is, the alphabet. Who were these two brothers? What life path did they go through? Through what twists and turns did Cyril and Methodius carry their creation? Why were they elevated to the rank of saints? What monumental books did they translate into the Slavic language, thereby giving us knowledge? A long, thorny path from an ordinary Greek family to the icons of all Slavic churches.
The Byzantine Empire gave Russia not only the Christian religion, but also writing, the significance of which can hardly be overestimated. The people who were at the origin of the creation of Slavic writing are destined to forever remain on the list of the most eminent people in our history. Their names are Cyril and Methodius, revered by the Russian Church as the names of saints.
Cyril and Methodius were brothers. They were born in the city of Thessalonica (Byzantium). In Russian, this name is known in the sources as "Solun" ("Arrives from Solun"). Also, some sources call the brothers not Cyril and Methodius, but Constantine and Michael. As for their origin, many scientists put forward the opinion that their family dates back to Greek roots.
In Slavic Orthodoxy, Cyril and Methodius are revered as saints equal to the apostles "teachers of the word"; the sequence officially accepted by the church is “Methodius and Cyril”.
Their family was reputed to be quite wealthy and noble. His father had the rank of officer and carried out military service at the court of the governor (stratig) of Thessaloniki. In addition to Cyril and Methodius, the family had seven more sons. All of them, starting from the elder Michael (Methodius) and ending with Constantine (Cyril), also had to follow in the footsteps of their father, that is, to embark on the path of military service, according to the established tradition. Under the patronage of his father, Mikhail made a very good career in this field. He managed to rise to the rank of stratig (military and civilian governor) of the province of Slavinia, located in Macedonia, then part of the Byzantine Empire.
The ten years he spent in this post were not in vain for Michael (Methodius). Over the years, he perfectly mastered the Slavic language, which later became a priority for deciding on the creation of the Slavic alphabet. It is not known exactly what caused Mikhail to abandon a successful military career overnight. Many historians see this as an expression of personal search, a desire to find their true destiny. Be that as it may, after ten years of military service, Mikhail makes a firm decision to have a haircut as a monk. He made this decision almost immediately, in one of the Slavic monasteries located on Mount Olympus.
In 860, Constantine was sent as a missionary to the Khazar kagan. There took place a dispute between Constantine and the imam and the rabbi. According to some sources, Constantine won it, but the kagan did not change his faith. According to others, the rabbi pitted Constantine against the imam and proved to the kagan the advantages of the Jewish faith.
Constantine, the youngest of the brothers in the family, amazed from childhood with the breadth of his interests and remarkable abilities for science. The father, as if on a whim from above, refused to make plans for the military future of his youngest son. Constantine was sent to study with one of the best teachers in the city of Constantinople - the capital of Byzantium, for teachers who taught the young emperor Michael. Among these teachers was the future Patriarch Phocius of Constantinople. Konstantin was fluent in many languages, had vast knowledge in various branches of science. He was especially interested in theology and philosophy. He enthusiastically studied the works of the apologists of the church. His own views were in tune with the thoughts of the famous Saint Gregory the Theologian.
Constantine, being at a very young age, clearly determined for themselves that he would devote his life to serving the Lord. Having barely finished his studies, he takes the rank of priest and holds the honorary position of curator of the Patriarchal Library located in the Church of St. Sophia in Constantinople. Constantine did not stay in this position for long, leaving dusty folios and manuscripts for the sake of the life of a wandering monk. It is noteworthy that Konstantin secretly left the library, practically fleeing to one of the many monasteries. What drove him? Youth? Ardent impulses? Fortunately, the fugitive was found and returned to Constantinople. He was offered to become a teacher philosophical sciences at the higher school of Constantinople.
Western theologians believed that praising God could only be done in Greek, Hebrew, and Latin. Constantine and Methodius, who preached in Moravia, were considered heretics and summoned to Rome. But the Pope approved the service in the Slavic language, and ordered the translated books to be placed in Roman churches.
Here his talent as a theologian and philosophical thinker was fully manifested. His bright oratorical skills and the ability to convince any audience that he was right allowed Konstantin (Cyril) to win his first significant victory in the theological field: to defeat in debate the views of the iconoclasts - one of the heretical movements that openly opposed Orthodox Christianity.
The emperor of Byzantium and the fathers of the Byzantine Church appreciated the talent of Constantine, instructing him to lead a dispute with the Saracens, where Constantine was to defend the immutability of the doctrine of the Holy Trinity. And here Konstantin also became the winner.
In the mid 50s of the 9th century A.D. he was destined to lead a missionary trip to the Arab lands. Later, with the same educational goal, he, together with his brother Mikhail (Methodius), went to the Khazars. Their goal is to convey to other peoples the true values of Christianity. And everywhere there were people who were ready to listen to the words of Constantine. He knew not only the theory of Christian theology well, but also perfectly studied the Koran, finding in it many confirmations of his words. Years of missionary service brought him fame and respect among many Slavic peoples. Constantine was often called the Philosopher, honoring his wisdom.
The main merit of Constantine is the compilation of the foundations of the Slavic alphabet. In this matter, his brother, Michael (Methodius), helped him in everything. They not only laid the foundation for Slavic writing, but also translated the Gospel into the Slavic language.
According to the Life of Constantine, the letters of the new alphabet were given to Cyril by divine revelation: “The Philosopher went and began to pray ... And God revealed to him that he was listening to the prayers of His servants, and then he folded the letters and began to write the words of the Gospel:“ In the beginning was the Word and the Word was with God, and the Word was God. "
The last years of his life, Constantine spent in Rome, seriously ill, but tirelessly working on the compilation of theological works. In 869 A.D., anticipating the approach of death, he took the schema (trimming as a monk) and a new name - Cyril, and was also elevated to the rank of Archbishop of Moravia and Pannonia.
Mikhail, who was not only his brother, but also his closest comrade-in-arms and associate, was by his side until his last breath. It was to him that Konstantin addressed his last words: “You and I are like two oxen. When one falls from a heavy burden, the other will continue on his way. "
Cyril was buried in the Church of St. Clement in Rome. Once, on one of his missionary trips, Constantine discovered the relics of this Roman emperor, numbered among the saints for his great martyrdom, and reverently brought them to his homeland.
After the death of his brother, Methodius returned to Moravia. In 870 he was taken into custody on charges of heresy. He spent about three years in captivity. He was released only after the personal intervention of the Pope. In order to completely protect his life's work from attacks from the German clergy, who had extended their influence to Moravia, Methodius insisted on a personal audience with the Pope. Having met with him, he asked to approve the liturgical works translated by him and Cyril into the Slavic language. The Pope and the Roman curia did not find anything in them that would somehow contradict the canons and dogmas of Christianity.
Methodius devoted the rest of his days to translating the Bible, the Patericon, a collection of church laws of the Byzantine Church (Nomokanon) into the Slavic language. He died on April 19, 885, on the day of the bright church holiday - Palm Sunday. It is noteworthy that despite the approaching breath of death, he found the strength to serve the festive church service, bequeathing to people to follow the laws of the Christian religion. In commemoration of his merits, the funeral service for the deceased was carried out in 3 languages at once: Latin, Greek and Slavic. The Church canonized Methodius and his brother Cyril.
“The Tale of Bygone Years” says that all the Greek church books were translated into the Slavic language in six months by the efforts of only two people: “Methodius planted two priests ... October 26 ... "
The death of Cyril and Methodius prompted their opponents to ensure that the Slavic writing, as well as worship in the Slavic language in the territory of Moravia, were placed under the strictest ban. The followers of the saints were persecuted and persecuted. Many of them settled in Croatia, Serbia, Bulgaria, in cities Kievan Rus... This is what contributed to the widespread dissemination of Slavic writing.
The Slavic alphabet, compiled by brothers Cyril and Methodius, was called "Glagolitic". Church Slavonic writing based on Glagolitic should not be confused with Cyrillic. This is a more adapted alphabet, developed somewhat later by the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius. The Cyrillic alphabet is used by such peoples as the Macedonians, Serbs, Bulgarians, as well as Ukrainians, Belarusians, and Russians.
The merits of Saints Cyril and Methodius are appreciated by many peoples inhabiting the East and West. The Day of Slavic Culture and Writing is an official public holiday in our country, as well as in Bulgaria, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. By tradition, it is celebrated on May 24 (in Slovakia and the Czech Republic - 5 ilul). In addition, in Bulgaria there is even a special order of Cyril and Methodius, which is appreciated for special services in the field of culture.
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Teachers of Slovenia Presentation on the topic: "Why Cyril and Methodius were canonized"
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From elementary school I was interested in the question "Why were Cyril and Methodius canonized?" I began to understand this issue. I read many books and many other literature. While studying literature, I learned that Saint Methodius first served, like his father, in a military rank. The tsar, having learned about him as a good warrior, put him as a governor in one Slavic principality of Slavinia, which was under the Greek state. This happened at the special discretion of God and so that Methodius could better learn the Slavic language as a future spiritual teacher and shepherd of the Slavs. Having been in the rank of voivode for about 10 years and having learned the vanity of life, Methodius began to dispose his will to renounce everything earthly and direct his thoughts to heavenly. Leaving the province and all the joys of the world, he went to monks on Mount Olympus
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And his brother Saint Constantine from his youth showed brilliant success, both in secular and in religious and moral education. I also learned from the books that Constantine studied with the juvenile emperor Michael. They studied with the best teachers of Constantinople, including Photius, the future Patriarch of Constantinople. Constantine received an excellent education and perfectly comprehended all the sciences of his time and many languages, but he studied the works of St. Gregory the Theologian especially diligently. Later he received the nickname Philosopher (wise). At the end of his studies, Saint Constantine was ordained a priest and was appointed curator of the Patriarchal Library at the Church of Saint Sophia
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But, neglecting all the benefits of his position, he retired to one of the monasteries at the Black Sea. Subsequently, he was almost forcibly returned to Constantinople and appointed a teacher of philosophy in the highest school of Constantinople. After the young Constantine managed to win the debate over the leader of the heretics-iconoclasts, Aninius, he retired to brother Methodius and for several years shared monastic exploits with him in a monastery on Olympus, where he first began to study the Slavic language. Soon the emperor summoned both holy brothers from the monastery and sent them to the Khazars to preach the gospel. On the way, they stopped for a while in the city of Korsun, preparing for a sermon.
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In Korsun, Saint Constantine found the Gospel and the Psalter, written in “Russian letters,” and a person who spoke Russian, and began to learn from this person to read and speak his language. After that, the holy brothers went to the Khazars, where they won a victory in a debate with Jews and Muslims, preaching the Gospel doctrine. Subsequently, Constantine, with the help of his brother Saint Methodius and the disciples of Gorazd, Clement, Savva, Naum and Angelar, compiled the Slavic alphabet and translated into the Slavic language books without which Divine services could not be performed: the Gospel, the Psalter and selected services. According to some chroniclers, it is known that the first words written in the Slavic language were the words of the Apostle Evangelist John: "In the beginning there was (was) the Word, and the Word was to God, and God was the Word." This was in 863. Studying the literature further, I came to the conclusion that the brothers Cyril and Mifodiy really left a significant mark on the works of teachers
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After accepting the schema with the name Cyril, Constantine died at the age of 42, but before his death he asked his brother Mifodiy “You and I, like a friendly pair of oxen, led the same furrow; I was exhausted, but don't think to leave the work of teaching and retire to your mountain again. ”Methodius fulfilled the will of his brother and continued the Gospel sermon among the Slavs. In the last years of his life, Saint Methodius, with the help of two disciple-priests, translated into the Slavic language the entire Old Testament, except the Maccabean books, as well as the Nomokanon (Rules of the Holy Fathers) and the patristic books (Paterikon).
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Methodius died on April 6, 885 at the age of 60. The funeral service for the saint was performed in three languages - Slavic, Greek and Latin; he was buried in the cathedral church of Velehrad, the capital of Moravia. Cyril and Methodius, Equal to the Apostles, were numbered among the saints in antiquity. In the Russian Orthodox Church, the memory of the Equal-to-the-Apostles enlighteners of the Slavs has been honored since the 11th century. The oldest services to saints that have come down to our time date back to the 13th century. Now, having learned about the enormous contribution of the brothers Cyril and Methodius, I can say that for Orthodox Russia the celebration of St. the first teachers is of particular importance, since it was they who made an inexhaustible contribution to the development of the Slavic Divine Liturgy and writing.
Today in our church the Divine Liturgy was served, 48 people received communion, at the end of the service a water-blessing prayer service was served to Saints Cyril and Methodius of the Slovenian teachers.
The holy brothers Cyril and Methodius not only brought the light of Christ's teaching to the Slavic peoples, but also made it possible to speak with God in our native language: they invented what we now call the alphabet. Therefore, the Church called them equal to the apostles - equal to the apostles in the significance of what was done for our faith.
The brothers were born in Macedonia (now this is a region in Greece, not to be confused with the country of Macedonia), in the city of Thessaloniki, in the family of a Byzantine military leader - Macedonia was part of the Byzantine Empire. Most likely, their father was Greek, and their mother was a Bulgarian Slav, which is why they knew the Slavic language almost as well as Greek. The family was large: seven children, and Methodius was the oldest of the seven (he was born in 820 or earlier), and Cyril was the youngest (he was born in 826).
These names - Cyril and Methodius - were adopted by the brothers later, when they were tonsured as monks. From birth, Cyril bore the name Constantine, and Methodius, presumably, Michael. At first, the fates of the brothers were different. Methodius very quickly made a military career, culminating in the post of strategist (military leader) of the Macedonian province of Slavinia.
Constantine devoted himself to sciences. From the age of 14, he was brought up in Constantinople with the son of Emperor Michael III, and studied with the best teachers of that time. He perfectly comprehended all the sciences that existed then, as well as many languages. Growing up, Constantine refused a profitable marriage with the goddaughter of one of the hierarchs of the Church of Constantinople: he had other plans for life. Constantine became a priest and was appointed curator of the library of the main Constantinople church - the Hagia Sophia. A library keeper is not a librarian in the current sense; rather, it corresponds to the current position of a professor or the title of academician. The young man was appointed to this position because his intelligence, education and abilities were appreciated.
However, Konstantin quickly realized that this was not for him. He went to one of the monasteries on the Black Sea and lived there for some time - in prayer and labor. But his university teachers were sorry that such a mind was “disappearing”, and they persuaded him to return to Constantinople. In the capital, Constantine began teaching philosophy at the same Magnavr University, where he himself had recently studied. Either then, or even earlier, during his studies, friends gave him the nickname Philosopher. The university period in the life of Constantine was marked by the fact that at one of the theological disputes he won a brilliant victory over the leader of the iconoclasts (these are people who denied icons) - the former Patriarch Annius, although he was much more experienced. Thanks to this, the young scientist was talked about in the intellectual circles of Constantinople.
Meanwhile, his brother, having spent about 10 years at the post of strategist, decided to end his worldly life and devote himself to God. Michael was tonsured a monk, taking the name Methodius, in one of the monasteries on Mount Olympus. Soon Constantine joined him, taking the name Cyril. And from that moment on, the fate of the brothers became common.
Most likely, it was during this period that they began to compose the Slavic alphabet. The fact is that the numerous, but scattered Slavic tribes did not have their own written language. Our ancestors had enough oral speech to transfer information to each other. But in order to convey the word of God to them, it was necessary to translate the texts of the Holy Scriptures into their language. The brothers took Greek as the basis of the Slavic alphabet, which is why anyone who can read Russian can read most of the Greek words without even understanding their meaning. As a result, Cyril and Methodius invented what we now call the Old Church Slavonic language.
However, the brothers did not succeed in quiet seclusion in the monastery. Becoming Patriarch in 858, Photius - one of Cyril's mentors - asked him to stand at the head of the mission to the Khazars (the Khazar Kaganate was located between the Caspian and Black Seas and in the lower Volga, in the south of present-day Russia). Their main mission was the release of the Byzantine captives. But the Khazars became so interested in the brothers' stories about Christ and the Christian faith that many of them adopted Christianity. Despite the fact that even then there were quite a lot of Muslims and Jews in Khazaria.
After this trip, Cyril and Methodius continued to work on the Slavic alphabet at one of the temples of Constantinople. It is still completely unknown what kind of alphabet the brothers invented - the verb or the Cyrillic alphabet. But in any case, it was the first Slavic alphabet. With the help of their disciples, many of whom later became the first to preach in the Slavic language (and one of the brothers' disciples, Saint Clement of Ohrid, is considered the first Slavic writer), they began to translate sacred texts into the Old Church Slavonic language. The first to be translated was, of course, the Gospel. And for some reason it is especially pleasant to realize that the first words written in our language were the first words of the Gospel of John: "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God."
The first Slavic people who listened to the sermons of Cyril and Methodius, most likely, were the Bulgarians. And in 863, the brothers, together with their students, went to Moravia - there was such a state on the Middle Danube, which included the territories of what is now Hungary, the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Many of the inhabitants of this country were already Christians, but in church terms they were poorly organized. The Bavarian-German episcopate fought for influence on the Moravian Christians, but at the same time the Moravian prince Rostislav fought for the independence of his country from the Germans.
Divine services in those days were conducted mainly in Latin and Greek. Moreover, only three languages - in addition to those mentioned, also Hebrew - by the hierarchs of the Western Church were considered permissible for worship (it was possible to preach in any language). Cyril and Methodius considered this unjust, and it was in Moravia that the first liturgy in the Slavic language was served for the first time in history by the holy brothers.
Cyril, Methodius and their disciples lived in Moravia for over 3 years. Constantly preaching, translating more and more books from Greek into Slavic, teaching the Slavs to read and write, they have earned great authority among the people. However, not everyone liked this deviation from the “norms”: the brothers were summoned to Rome to explain themselves about the use of the Slavic language in worship, which was not directly prohibited, but was not allowed either.
The situation was aggravated by political turmoil: in Constantinople, the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire, Emperor Michael was killed, at whose court Cyril was brought up. His mentor, Patriarch Photius, was deposed. All this was a consequence of the aggravation of relations between the Eastern and Western Roman Empires, as well as the Eastern and Western Churches. The Pope was considered "the first among equals", he claimed to be a judge on all controversial church issues. Therefore, the brothers had no choice but to obey the order of the Pope and appear in Rome. Contrary to expectations, Pope Adrian II did not prohibit worship in Slavic. Apparently, the strength of the brothers' persuasion was so great that they were able to convince the Pope too. Methodius was even ordained by him to the episcopate, and the disciples of the brothers - to the priesthood.
In Rome, Cyril fell seriously ill. He accepted the schema (the highest form of monasticism, complete renunciation of the world). Saint Cyril died on February 14, 869 and was buried in the Church of Saint Clement - it still exists in Rome today. That side-altar of the temple, which houses the tomb of Cyril, eventually became "Slavic". Here, this great man, who is called the apostle of the Slavs, each of our kindred peoples installed gratitude boards. There are two of them at once from Russia - from the Russian Orthodox Church and from the Russian youth.
Meanwhile, Methodius and the disciples of the brothers had to continue the work of enlightening the Slavs. Methodius was ordained Archbishop of Moravia and Pannonia (a Roman province that occupied the territory of modern western Hungary, eastern Austria and partly Slovenia). The situation in the region by that time became even more complicated. Prince Rostislav (he is canonized), who helped the brothers in every possible way on their previous visit, was defeated in the war against Louis the German, was imprisoned and died there. The new authorities in Moravia did not want to support the desire of their subjects to serve God in their own language. The influence of the German clergy, who insisted that services be conducted in Latin, increased significantly. The confrontation between "Latinophiles and" Slavophiles "resulted in the arrest of Methodius and his imprisonment in one of the monasteries.
Upon learning of this, the new Pope John VIII demanded the release of Methodius, but at the same time banned services in the Slavic language, allowing only sermons. Then divine services in Slavic were repeatedly permitted, forbidden, and again permitted. Methodius and his disciples, without going headlong into politics, book after book continued to translate the Holy Scriptures from Greek into Slavic. During this period, for example, they translated the Old Testament.
Saint Methodius died in 885. April 19, at Palm Sunday, he asked to be taken to the church, where he read a sermon - naturally, in Slavic, and died that evening. The enlightener sang in three languages - Slavic, Greek and Latin. It is not known exactly where Saint Methodius is buried.
Brothers-educators were numbered among the saints almost immediately after death. Cyril and Methodius are revered as saints by all Christians, but especially their memory is honored, of course, by the Slavic peoples. In the Russian Church, their memory has been honored since the 11th century. And since 1991, May 24, the Day of Saints Cyril and Methodius Equal to the Apostles is a state holiday in Russia, the Day of Slavic Literature and Culture.
