Confusion in the use of the verbs “put on” and “dress” arose due to the fact that in everyday life colloquial speech they are used interchangeably. However, this is not a reason to neglect the norms of Russian literary language, which determine the correctness and accuracy of word usage.
The words “dress” and “put on” have differences in lexical meaning, on which their semantic connection with other words in the sentence depends.
Verb " put on" means an action performed by a person towards another person or an inanimate object:
dress the child
dress the old man
dress the bride in a wedding dress
dress the doll
In speech, the verb “to dress” is connected by a method of control with a noun that names the object of action. This means that the noun in the sentence is a direct object: from the verb “to dress” you can ask the question whom? or what?
dress (who?) little brother in a clean shirt
dress (who?) a girl in a squirrel fur coat
dress (what?) a stuffed animal in an old robe
The verb “to dress” belongs to the category of reflexive verbs, that is, it can be used with the postfix –sya if the action of the subject of speech is directed towards himself:
dressed in everything new
dress in a fashion salon
dress for the season
Verb " put on" denotes an action that is performed in relation to oneself:
I need to wear a new suit
I'll wear something brighter
put on my favorite dress
Only in constructions with the preposition “on” the verb “put on” denotes an action directed at another person or object, most often inanimate:
put a robe on the patient
put glasses on nose
put a cover on the chair
put tires on wheels
A simple tip for correct use in speech verb forms“dress” and “put on” can be served by the formula: they put it on themselves or on something, they “dress” someone, they “dress” themselves.
Masha put on her mother’s beads and looked in the mirror.
The old man put the bait on the hook and cast out the fishing rod.
Anna Andreevna hastily dressed her son in a quilted jacket and went to the door.
The boy woke up, reluctantly got dressed and looked out the window.
the site determined that the difference between the verbs “put on” and “dress” is as follows:
- The verb “put on” means that the action is directed towards oneself. The verb “dress” is used if the action is directed at another person or inanimate object.
- The verb “put on” forms constructions with the preposition “on”. In this case, it denotes an action directed at another person or thing. The verb “to dress” is not used with the preposition “on”.
- The verb “to dress” in a sentence is connected by a method of control with a noun acting as direct object. The verb “put on” does not have such a stable connection.
- The verb “dress” can be used with the postfix –sya and denote an action directed at oneself. The verb “put on” is not a reflexive verb and is not used with the postfix –sya.
There are rules in our rich Russian language that you seem to know, but still you constantly make mistakes when writing or pronounce them out loud with an error. These rules include treacherous soft sign at the end -tsya and -tsya, the declension of the word “coffee”, the verbs “lay down” and “put” and the well-worn “put on” and “dress”.
If, for example, there is still some difference in “lay down” and “put down,” then it’s very easy to get confused in these two words. Sit and wonder what is the correct way: to put socks on or not?!
If you are one of those who often get confused about these words, let's figure out how to use them correctly. In addition, we have selected a couple of excellent reminders that will help you write and speak correctly and competently when using them.
Dress
What is the main difference between these very similar words? The rule is that in Russian you only dress someone, but not yourself. An exception is the expression “I am dressing,” which means that I am dressing myself. Agree, you never say “I’ll get dressed soon.” This sounds ridiculous.
Therefore, in order to use this pair of words correctly and competently, the first thing you need to remember is: according to the rules of the Russian language, only someone is dressed.
“I’m dressing a child/mannequin/doll.”
Let's use the word "socks" as an example. The phrase “putting on socks” sounds ridiculous - it turns out that you are dressing up socks, not yourself.
Here is the answer to the question of whether to put on socks or not.
Put on
Thus, the word “put on” is used when the speaker talks about how he throws on something, tries it on, pulls it on. The word is most often used in speech to refer to a specific thing. Here simple examples: he will never wear this suit; I'll wear these beautiful earrings.
This is where the fundamental difference between the two words emerged. When you use the word “dress,” you must indicate who you dressed. For example: a mother was dressing her son.
By using the word “put on,” you indicate that the thing is put on by a person. It is not at all necessary to specify who exactly. The emphasis is on the item of clothing: “Don’t wear a sweater, it will be hot!”
If you are talking about the fact that you put something on someone, then it sounds like this: the mother dressed her son; the son was putting on socks; Mom put socks on her son.
Rules memo
When analyzing this rule, teachers at school often use a simple example that makes it easy to speak competently:
We dress Nadezhda, put on clothes.
By learning this simple example, you will never get confused when deciding which word to use.
In addition, our contemporary wrote a wonderful funny poem, which, having learned, you will never forget how to properly dress or put on socks. It sounds like this:
“Put on”, “put on”... Two words
We confuse so stupidly!
It was a frosty dawn,
The old grandfather dressed in a fur coat.
And the fur coat, therefore, is on.
“Put it on”, “put it on”... Let’s take a look:
When to wear and what to wear.
I believe that on my grandfather
Three fur coats can be worn.
But I don't think that grandfather
Can be worn on a fur coat!
Use words correctly and master the subtleties of spelling!
One of the reasons lexical errors V modern speech, oral and written, - non-distinction of cognate words, in particular, the verbs dress (dress) - put on (put on). And in live, direct communication between native speakers of the Russian language - in loose colloquial speech; and in book speech- in radio and television programs, in speeches of politicians at rallies, with various kinds public statements, deputies in the State Duma, officials on one or another official occasion, quite often one can encounter incorrect, erroneous use of lexical units related from the point of view of word formation. For example, they confuse the verbs get used to and get used to, weaken and weaken, adverbs objectivist and objective... (see “From Monitoring violations of speech norms in the media” // Gorbanevsky M.V., Karaulov Yu.N., Shaklein V.M. Ne speak in rough language. On violations of the norms of literary speech in electronic and print media / Edited by Yu. A. Belchikov, M., 2000, p. 19-137 - based on materials from television, radio broadcasts and newspapers), nouns portrait and self-portrait ( in the program “Field of Miracles”, on the ORT channel, on August 30, 2002, a participant in the game presented the presenter with his “self-portrait, which was drawn by her seven-year-old son”).
In the use of cognate words, the most “unlucky” verbs are dress (dress) - put on (put on) (these verbs belong to paronyms - see the article “Subscriber, subscriber, subscription”).
These words are used incorrectly by both the TV presenter (...what you need to wear to appear under the circus big top // “Don’t speak in rough language”, p. 29), and the radio program host (He dressed himself... // Ibid., p. 40), and a TV correspondent (...there will be a good reason to wear a dress uniform - NTV, August 29, 2002), and a journalist (Winter has come, you need to wear different shoes // Don’t speak in rough language, p. 28), and a pop star (I can’t do anything dress from this collection. // Ibid., p. 106), see in the capital " Nezavisimaya Gazeta": from 03/12/1999: "We put the modernized watch on the right hand."
The verbs dress and put on are ambiguous. The meanings in which actions towards a person are indicated are as follows:
Dress - who, what. 1. To clothe someone. to some clothes. Dress a child, the sick, the wounded; Wed dress a doll, mannequin...
Put on - what. 1. To pull, push (clothes, shoes, covers, etc.), covering, enveloping something. Put on a suit, skirt, coat, jacket, shoes, mask, gas mask...
The verb to dress combines with animate nouns (and with a small number of inanimate ones, denoting the likeness of a person: doll, mannequin, skeleton); put on - with inanimate.
To complete the description of the lexical-syntactic connections of our verbs, it should be noted that the verb to dress is included (within the 1st meaning) in combinations with inanimate nouns denoting parts of the body, but through mediation animate noun(whom) and always with a prepositional-case combination of an inanimate noun (in what - in new uniform) or with an inanimate noun in indirect case(what - a blanket, a shawl) according to the principle of indirect control. Put on (within the 1st meaning) has syntactic connections according to the same principle with animate nouns: put (a coat) on someone: on a grandfather, on a child) and with inanimate nouns: put on what (on a hand, on a neck), on top of what (on top of a shirt), under what (under a coat).
The difference in the semantics of these words is emphasized by the fact that they form different antonymic pairs: put on - take off, put on - undress.
The semantic originality of each of the verbs is especially clearly revealed when they occur within the same context. In this regard, poetic texts dedicated to the words in question are of great interest. One of the poems was written in late XIX century, by the now forgotten poet V. Krylov, another by our contemporary N. Matveeva.
Here is the first poem:
Dear friend, do not forget,
What to wear does not mean to wear;
There is no need to confuse these expressions,
Each of them has its own meaning.
You can easily remember this:
We use the verb “to dress” when
We put clothes on something,
Or we cover something with clothes,
Otherwise we dress in clothes.
Do you want to dress yourself more elegantly?
So you should put on a new dress,
And you put on a glove on your hand,
When you put a glove on your hand.
You will dress the child in his dress,
When you put the dress on him.
To whom the native language is both sweet and dear,
He will not tolerate even a trace of mistakes,
And therefore, my friend, never
Don't make such reservations.
As we can see, even more than a hundred years ago, the use of the verbs put on and dress for native speakers of the Russian language big problem, and then the serious attention of the guardians of correctness was already paid to this native language. It is also obvious that these humorous (at the same time linguistically quite reasonable) poems are still relevant today.
This is confirmed by Novella Matveeva:
“Put on”, “put on”... Two words
We confuse so stupidly!
It was a frosty dawn,
The old grandfather dressed in a fur coat.
And the fur coat, therefore, is on.
“Put it on”, “put it on”... Let’s take a look:
When to wear and what to wear.
I believe that on my grandfather
Three fur coats can be worn.
But I don't think that grandfather
Can be worn on a fur coat!
Distinguish
Verbs... Probably many will agree that the main headache connected with them. More precisely, with their correct spelling. And, it seems, at school we were taught the rules of our native language quite well, and we passed the exam with “good” or even “excellent”, but on you, we stubbornly continue to “sculpt” error upon error. For example, what would seem to be possible simpler rules about the fact that “not” with verbs is always written separately. And yet we step on this rake.
Let's focus on two
This material is devoted to only two “harmful” verbs. And they differ, in essence, by only one or two letters. These are “dress” and “put on.” Many do not see a fundamental difference between them and use them as synonyms. And completely in vain! By the way, again, if you remember “ school years wonderful", namely - primary school, then even in one of the Russian language textbooks all the nuances of the correct spelling of these verbs were clearly spelled out and the rules were accompanied by pictures for clarity.
So what is the right way to dress or wear it?
The one that starts with "o"
Let's start with the verb "to dress." Of course it means action, just like this part speech in general. But which one exactly? That which is produced by one person in relation to another. Moreover, this other person is either not fully capable, or is an inanimate object. This series includes: a child, an old man, a doll, a mannequin.
Between the verb “to dress” and the noun immediately following it, it is easy to put the case question “whom?” or “what?” And then it will be much more difficult to make a mistake.
And one more the right way avoid mistakes. The verb “to dress” is quite easy to turn into the so-called reflexive verb– the kind that is used with the suffix “sya” at the end. Thus, at the end we get the form “get dressed” - in something new, fashionable or seasonal. But with the verb “put on” this number will not work. The word “hope” simply does not exist in our language. You can only say “it just fit” when this or that clothing fits during fitting.
And now with the initial “na”
Now it’s the turn to deal with the use of the verb “put on.” Everything is much simpler here. Try to remember just one rule - the action denoted by this verb is aimed primarily at oneself. For example, in phrases such as “put on a new suit” or “put on something warmer”, “put on the most fashionable dress”, etc.
Of course, there are some subtleties here too - where would we be without them? It is not for nothing that Russian is considered one of the most difficult languages for foreigners to learn. So, between the verb “put on” and the noun in the case form, the preposition “on” is used. And we receive the following sentences: “It is necessary to put a robe on the patient,” “He put glasses on his nose,” “We put a cover on the chair.” Please note - in all the above examples we're talking about about inanimate objects.
What's the result?
So now we can formulate general rule regarding the use of both verbs. We put something on ourselves or another, usually inanimate, object. We dress someone else or we dress ourselves.
Well, I would like to hope that now fashionistas will no longer make a mistake when they talk about, for example, a ring and will know exactly what to do with it correctly - to put it on or wear it.
Dress and put on
Question
Which is correct: “dress” or “put on a dress”?
Verbs put on And put on - polysemantic. The meanings in which actions towards a person are indicated are as follows:
Dress - who, what. 1. To clothe someone. to some clothes. Dress a child, the sick, the wounded; Wed dress a doll, mannequin…
Put on - What. 1. To pull, push (clothes, shoes, covers, etc.), covering, enveloping something. Wear a suit, skirt, coat, jacket, shoes, mask, headphones…
Verb put on comes into combination with animate nouns (and with a small number of inanimate ones, denoting the likeness of a person: doll, mannequin, skeleton); put on - with the inanimate.
The difference in the semantics of these words is emphasized by the fact that they form different antonymic pairs: put on - take off, put on - undress .
This is confirmed by Novella Matveeva:
"Put it on", "put it on"… Two words
We confuse so stupidly!
It was a frosty dawn,
The old grandfather dressed in a fur coat.
And the fur coat, therefore, is on.
"Put it on", "put it on"... Let's take a look:
When to wear and what to wear.
I believe that on my grandfather
Three fur coats can be worn.
But I don't think that grandfather
Can be worn on a fur coat!
Distinguish
put on And put on.
. Yu. A. Belchikov, O. I. Razheva. 2015 .
See what “dress and put on” is in other dictionaries:
put on- put on. see: put on...
Look and put on... Dictionary of difficulties of the Russian language
put on- and put it on. In meaning “to clothe oneself, to dress, to put on something; fit something on yourself” put on. Put on a coat, suit. Wear a hat and gloves. Put on your boots. Put on glasses. In meaning “to clothe someone in some kind of clothing” to dress. Dress the patient... ... Dictionary of difficulties of pronunciation and stress in modern Russian language
DRESS- DRESS, dress, dress, lead. dress, really (to dress). 1. whom what into what or with what. Put on some clothes. Dress the child. || Cover, wrap with something for warmth. Dress the horse with a blanket. Cover the patient with a blanket. 2. translation, what than. Cover by,… … Dictionary Ushakova
WEAR- PUT ON, put on, put on, lead. put it on, sir. (to put on). 1. what to whom what. To cover, to clothe someone with something, to attach something to someone or something, covering, clothing. Put a cover on the furniture. Put a hat on the child. Gave him... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary
put on- Put on, put on, we strongly recommend that you remember the difference between the verbs put on and put on, otherwise you risk revealing your ignorance in the most inappropriate environment. We will dwell on this difference in more detail when we talk about... ... Dictionary of Russian language errors
put on- Cm … Synonym dictionary
DRESS- DRESS, yeah, yeah; yen; childish; Sovereign 1. whom (what) in what or with what. Cover who n. what n. clothes, bedspread. O. child in a coat. O. with a blanket (cover). Winter covered the fields with snow (translated) [not to be confused with putting something on someone (what)]. 2. whom (what) ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary
put on- what and what to what. Put on your coat. Put on glasses. Place the ring on your finger. Place the tip on the pencil. Put the backpack on your back. Alyosha put on his jacket, Kovbysh put on his father’s jacket (Gorbatov). He put on all his insignia (Chekhov). Wed. dress... Control Dictionary
put on- whom what into what or with what. Dress the child in a fur coat. Winter covered the fields with snow. The grandmother was dressed in a silk shushun and a skirt and tied with a silk scarf (Aksakov). [Katerina] brought [Ordynov] to the bed, put him to bed and dressed him with a blanket (Dostoevsky). Wed. put on... Control Dictionary
Books
- Russian without load, Yulia Andreeva, Ksenia Turkova. The book is deliberately conceived as a tool: Yulia Andreeva and Ksenia Turkova selected typical mistakes in speech, written and oral, explained them in simple language and packaged it in a way that is understandable to the reader...
