Plan:
- Introduction
- 1 Symbols
- 2 Foundation reports
- 3 WWF in Russia
- 4 Presidents Notes (edit)
Introduction
World fund wildlife (eng. World Wildlife Fund, abbr. WWF) is an international non-governmental organization working in areas related to conservation, research and restoration environment... It is the world's largest independent conservation organization with more than 5 million supporters worldwide, operating in more than 100 countries, supporting about 1,300 conservation projects around the world.
The mission of the World Wildlife Fund is to prevent the growing degradation of the planet's natural environment and to achieve harmony between man and nature. the main objective- conservation of biological diversity of the Earth.
1. Symbols
The symbol of the World Wildlife Fund is the giant panda.
In 1929, rumors that an outlandish black and white bear lived in the forests of China received real confirmation. A stuffed panda was on display in Washington. The ensuing attempts to bring a live panda to America each time ended in the death of the animal. And only after the war, the Chinese, who, unlike the Americans and Europeans, knew how to handle pandas, began to take them to the largest zoos in the world. While the panda Chi-Chi was at the London Zoo, she was seen by one of the founders of the World Wildlife Fund - scientist and animal artist Sir Peter Scott. He made a stylized portrait of a panda and decided that the image of this good-natured animal in need of protection would be a great symbol of the new foundation.
The panda is one of the rare animals listed in the International Red Book.
2. Foundation reports
WWF's Living Planet report is published every two years. He is called one of the most cited and authoritative sources of information about ecological situation on the planet. The report is being developed by scientists from the Zoological Society of London and the World Ecological Footprint Network. The report measures the health of the planet in terms of several indicators: the state of animal populations, the use of natural resources humanity, the use of renewable energy sources and resources, the number fresh water consumed in production, etc.
The WWF report, however, is not widely trusted. For example, the Western press notes that in a 2010 report, experts observed only 2.5 thousand species of living organisms, while there are more than 2 million of them on earth. At the same time, concerns were expressed that the sample was not random, but included mainly those species that are on the verge of extinction.
3. WWF in Russia
The first projects of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in Russia began in 1988, and in 1994 the Russian Representative Office of WWF was opened. Since then, WWF has successfully implemented more than 150 field projects in 40 regions of Russia and has invested more than $ 30 million in efforts to preserve and enhance the country's natural resources. In 2004, WWF became a Russian national organization.
The main programs of WWF Russia:
- Forest program - conservation of biological diversity of Russian forests based on the transition to sustainable forest management and protection.
- The Marine Program is the sustainable use of marine resources and the protection of marine life and flora.
- Climate program - prevention of climate change and adaptation to their consequences.
- Work in specially protected natural areas - creation of protected systems in priority ecoregions natural areas(reserves, national parks, zakazniks, etc.), guaranteeing the long-term conservation of biological diversity.
- Security rare species- projects for the conservation of endangered animal species: the Far Eastern leopard, Amur tiger, bison, snow leopard, Siberian White Crane Siberian Crane.
- Greening the Russian oil and gas sector - preventing and reducing negative impact the oil and gas sector of the economy to the nature of Russia through increasing the environmental responsibility of companies.
Priority areas of WWF-Russia activities:
- development and maintenance of specially protected natural areas of Russia (reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, etc.);
- protection of rare species of animals and plants. The Amur tiger, Far Eastern leopard, snow leopard, bison are under the patronage of WWF;
- development of all-Russian and regional environmental legislation;
- creation of economic mechanisms for the conservation of biological diversity;
- support for environmental awareness and education.
Regions where WWF operates:
WWF works in the areas most important for the conservation of wildlife diversity - in the so-called ecoregions. Worldwide, WWF has identified over 200 ecoregions (Global 200). There are fourteen such ecoregions on the territory of Russia, the most important are Far East, Altai-Sayan and the Caucasus.
Financing WWF Projects
Most of WWF-Russia's nature conservation field projects are funded from abroad, but WWF makes great efforts to raise funds domestically. As of the beginning of 2011, the fund has over 17,000 individual supporters in Russia who contribute regularly. More than 30 companies are members Corporate Club WWF and finance WWF-Russia environmental projects.
Governing body
In 2004, WWF Russia turned from a representative office into a National Organization with its own board, which includes:
- Leonid Grigoriev - President of the Institute of Energy and Finance
- Alexander Gafin - Chief Editor Spears magazine
- Nikolai Drozdov - TV journalist, academician of the Academy of Russian Television,
- Derk Sauer - President of Independent Media Publishing House
- Igor Akimov - President of TetraPak CJSC
- Anton Komolov - TV and radio journalist
- Svetlana Mironyuk - editor-in-chief of RIA Novosti
- Allard Stapel - Adviser to the Director of WWF Holland
4. Presidents
Notes (edit)
- 1 2 WWF from 1961 to 2006 - www.panda.org/who_we_are/history/wwf_conservation_1961_2006/ (English)
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 WWF in Brief - panda.org/wwf_quick_facts.cfm
- WWF conservation projects around the world - www.panda.org/what_we_do/where_we_work/project/
- 1 2 Valentin Maltsev Will the planet sustain us? - www.chaskor.ru/article/vyderzhit_li_nas_planeta_20589. Private correspondent (October 21, 2010).
- WWF Presidents of the Organization over its history - wwf.panda.org/who_we_are/organization/presidents/
National organization
World Wildlife Fund is one of the world's largest public charitable organizations that has been working for the conservation of nature around the planet for over 40 years. WWF carries out over 1200 environmental projects, drawing the attention of millions of people to the problems of environmental protection and their solutions.
WWF's mission is to prevent the growing degradation of the planet's natural environment and achieve harmony between man and nature. The main goal is to preserve biological diversity Earth.
WWF - history and structure
WWF was established in September 1961 on the initiative of the Prince Bernard Dutch and famous British scientist Sir Peter Scott.
WWF gained fame and financial independence 10 years after its inception. In the year, the president of the foundation, Prince Bernard, personally addressed a thousand of the most influential and famous people world with a request to support WWF and transfer $ 10 thousand to the management of the fund. The capital raised in this way ($ 10 million) became the basis for the trust fund and the basis for financing the first projects.
WWF unites 28 national chapters and 5 associate members around the world, as well as over 5 million individual members. The network numbers over 3500 professionals. WWF International Secretariat located in, from where the coordination of actions of the entire WWF network takes place.
More than half of the money goes to the Foundation as charitable donations from organizations and individuals. Since its inception, WWF has provided funds for the implementation of about 11,000 projects in 130 countries around the world.
Symbolism
In 1929, rumors that an outlandish black and white bear lived in the forests of China received real confirmation. A stuffed panda was on display in Washington. The ensuing attempts to bring a live panda to America each time ended in the death of the animal. And only after the war, the Chinese, who, unlike the Americans and Europeans, knew how to handle pandas, began to take them to the largest zoos in the world. While the panda Chi-Chi was at the London Zoo, she was seen by one of the founders of WWF - scientist and animal artist Sir Peter Scott... He made a stylized portrait of a panda. And he decided that the image of this good-natured animal in need of protection would become beautiful symbol new fund.
WWF in Russia
The first projects of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF) in Russia started back in the year, and in the same year the Russian Representative Office of WWF was opened. Since then, WWF has successfully implemented more than 150 field projects in 40 regions of Russia and has invested more than $ 30 million in efforts to preserve and enhance the country's natural resources. In 2004, WWF became a Russian national organization.
The main programs of WWF Russia
- Forest program - conservation of biological diversity of Russian forests based on the transition to sustainable forest management and protection.
- The Marine Program is the sustainable use of marine resources and the protection of marine life and flora.
- Climate program - prevention of climate change and adaptation to their consequences.
- Work in specially protected natural areas - creation of systems of protected natural areas (, etc.) in priority ecoregions that guarantee long-term preservation of biological diversity.
- Protection of rare species - projects to preserve endangered species of animals: Far Eastern leopard, Amur, snow leopard, Siberian white crane, Siberian Crane.
- Greening the oil and gas sector in Russia - preventing and reducing the negative impact of the oil and gas sector of the economy on the nature of Russia through increasing the environmental responsibility of companies.
Priority areas of WWF activities
- development and maintenance of specially protected natural areas of Russia (, national parks, wildlife preserves, etc.);
- protection of rare species of animals and plants. Amursky
The first WWF projects in Russia began in 1988, and on July 1, 1994, WWF's Russian office was opened. In 2004, WWF Russia ceased to be a representative office of the foreign NGO WWF International. The Foundation registered as a Russian organization and began paying royalties to the WWF International Secretariat for the use of the panda logo and abbreviation. Thus, contrary to the popular myth, today WWF Russia is not a representative office of a foreign Fund, but a national environmental organization.
For 20 years, the Foundation has carried out more than 300 field projects in 47 regions of Russia. What results has WWF achieved during this time? Here are some examples:
Protected lands
1. In total, over the years of work with the participation of WWF, more than 120 reserves, national parks and other specially protected natural areas have been created with total area over 42.5 million hectares. This is more than the area of Germany!
So, in 1997, Yakutia became the first Russian participant in the WWF Worldwide Campaign “Gift to the Earth”. The head of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) promised to create natural reserves on 25% of the territory of the republic. With the support of WWF, the region exceeded the plan by up to 30%! 10 more regions of Russia later joined the “Gift to the Earth” campaign.
2. In 2007, with the participation of WWF in the Far East, the national parks "Call of the Tiger", "Udege Legend" and "Anyuisky" were created. And in 2009, WWF supported the creation of the Russian Arctic National Park. This is the first arctic in Russia national park took under protection walruses, polar bears, bird colonies and glaciers.
3. In 2012, with the support of WWF, the Beringia National Park was created in Chukotka. The park preserves the landscapes of the Chukotka Peninsula, thermal springs, monuments of ancient cultures of the Eskimos and Chukchi, polar bears, bighorn sheep, Pacific walruses, huge bird colonies, salmon spawning grounds. And in 2013, in the Khabarovsk Territory, with the participation of the Fund, the Shantar Islands National Park, the pearl of the “Pacific necklace” of Russia, appeared.
Rare beasts
Anyone who watches TV at least occasionally should notice how many catastrophes and natural disasters hit our planet. The latter included a powerful typhoon in the Philippines, which had killed ten people by the morning of October 19. This archipelago has never seen anything like it. The abnormal heat in Russia this summer also shocked many. There seems to be something wrong with the planet. According to experts from the World Wildlife Fund (WWF), on the planet, first of all, everything is bad with the environment. The picture they drew in the report "Living Planet" looks very gloomy: humanity consumes one and a half times more resources than the planet can reproduce, and the populations of tropical animal species are rapidly declining.
4. The project for the conservation of the Amur tiger was one of the first serious steps taken by WWF in Russia. The data of the last survey showed that, through the joint efforts of state and public environmental organizations, the number of tigers has stabilized at over 450 individuals. And in 2010, on the initiative, with the active support and participation of WWF, the International Tiger Conservation Forum was held in St. Petersburg. 13 countries where this rare cat lives have adopted a program to rescue it.
5. Thanks to a project launched at the initiative of WWF, about 400 purebred bison graze freely in the forests of the European part of Russia. The Foundation has also begun work on returning the bison to North Caucasus: now there are about 90 free-living bison in the region.
6. The rarest subspecies of felines in the world is the Far Eastern leopard. According to the accounting data of 2013, its number increased by 1.5 times and is already at least 50 individuals. WWF allocated funds to equip anti-poaching brigades with all the necessary, ensured the fight against fires, conducted educational work with schoolchildren, and achieved the creation of the Land of the Leopard National Park.
7. WWF has created over 15 settlements Russian Arctic network of "bear patrols". These are groups from local residents that prevent conflicts between polar bears and humans, thereby saving those and others.
8. Once the leopard disappeared from the Russian Caucasus through the fault of man. In 2007, a population revival program was approved. In Sochi national park the Center for breeding and rehabilitation of the Central Asian leopard appeared. With the support of WWF, leopards from Turkmenistan, Iran and the Lisbon Zoo arrived at the breeding center. They gave birth to their first four cubs in 2013.
9. Camera traps, purchased with funds from WWF supporters and partner organizations, gave experts the opportunity to observe the life and movements of a very secretive animal - the snow leopard.
10. The President of the Russian Federation signed amendments that toughened the punishment for the production and circulation of especially valuable animals. WWF took the initiative to adopt these changes. The maintenance, acquisition, storage, transportation, transfer and sale of rare species have become a criminal offense, and the punishment for their extraction has become much tougher.
Dense Russian forests
11. Using the example of a project in the Pskov region, WWF developed effective model forestry management. It allows you to grow a highly productive forest, make a big profit and at the same time preserve the habitats of animals and plants.
12. Russia took the second place in the world after Canada in terms of forest area certified according to the international standards of the Forest Stewardship Council (FSC) - more than 38 million hectares. FSC certification helps to preserve ecosystems, social and protective functions of forests during industrial felling.
13. After a lengthy WWF public campaign, Russia introduced complete ban for the felling of Korean cedar. The Fund and its partners also rented more than 600 thousand hectares of cedar-deciduous forests in Primorye on a long-term environmental lease. And WWF volunteers planted a million cedars in the habitats of the Far Eastern leopard.
Nature or money?
14. WWF launched a campaign to protect the Sakhalin gray whale population threatened by oil production. The Sakhalin II subsea pipeline has been rerouted to bypass the whale feeding area.
Even completely apolitical citizens with an education of eight grades and above understand that Baikal is a unique heritage of mankind, both of the current and all future generations. His "drinking well", spit in which no one is allowed: neither the current party in power, nor regional bosses, nor oligarchs, nor even ordinary workers of the pulp and paper mill, who are experiencing temporary financial difficulties. Not a single responsible environmental scientist can name the threshold of lake pollution at which the amount of harmful emissions will turn into the "quality" of a huge garbage dump with irretrievably lost flora and fauna. It's like smoking or drinking. One smoker lives to be 100 years old, while thousands of others die of cancer at 40 years of age. It's the same with complex ecosystems.
15. The nationwide campaign of environmental organizations to protect Lake Baikal and Perevoznaya Bay in the Far East from the construction of the Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean". The threat to unique ecosystems has passed for a while.
16. Thanks to a long-term campaign by WWF and others public organizations the project for the construction of the Evenk hydroelectric power station, which is dangerous to nature, was stopped, and all dams on the main channel of the Amur were excluded from the plans for the development of the Far East.
17. Retail trade in caviar is completely prohibited. sturgeon fish... This is the first and necessary step to stop poaching and prevent the death of sturgeon.
18. 28 thousand people signed WWF's appeal to Prime Minister V.V. Putin with an appeal to ban deforestation in the Bikin river valley in the Primorsky Territory and defended the fate of the "Russian Amazon".
19. WWF's global action "Earth Hour" has become the most massive public action in the history of Russia and the whole world. This is a symbolic action: hundreds of millions of people around the world turn off the lights for an hour to show their indifference to the future of the Planet and to call for a careful attitude to the Earth's resources.
The goal is to protect the living nature of the Earth. It was created in 1961 and then united a few enthusiasts concerned about the state of nature. But the fact that these people included well-known scientists, businessmen and government leaders made it possible to carry out the first major action a year later. Several states, whose representatives have organized the World Wildlife Fund, have signed the World Wildlife Charter. Later, other countries joined them in recognizing that wildlife is in danger.
More active work of the Fund was hampered by the lack of funds for large-scale environmental actions. Therefore, for almost 10 years the organization could not prove itself with loud actions.
Obtaining financial independence
The then president, Prince Bernard of the Netherlands, breathed new life into the activities of the foundation. Casting aside all conventions, he made a personal request to a thousand of the richest people in the world. He asked for financial support of the WWF in the amount of $ 10,000.
The most influential people on the planet responded, they raised $ 10 million, which became the basis of the fund's financial freedom. Organization in the means mass media often became known as "Trust 1001".
Wildlife Fund logo
The foundation's logo - a stylized drawing of a giant panda - is associated with the name of one of the founding fathers, Sir Peter Scott. He saw this rarest animal on earth from the Chinese zoo while touring London. He liked the good-natured and beautiful animal very much. He decided that the organization dealing with the protection of wild animals should choose as its symbol the panda in need of protection.
The WWF emblem is a very interesting animal. It is often called the bamboo bear, as the panda feeds on young bamboo shoots. A newborn cub weighs only 900-1200 grams, opens its eyes only after 6-8 weeks. And he begins to walk only in the third month of life.
Pandas could completely disappear from the face of the earth due to deforestation in China, the treatment of fields with pesticides and other reasons. WWF drew the world's attention to this problem. The giant panda has been included in the International Red Data Book. Through the efforts of environmental organizations, the threat complete disappearance was filmed. But it is too early to delete it from the list of protected animals.
WWF: activities
Foundation members lead all over the world. Relying in their work on modern knowledge, they try not only to draw attention to the most pressing problems of the relationship between man and wildlife, but first of all to solve them.
The Foundation is also involved in the protection of certain types flora and fauna, which are threatened with extinction, and the protection of water, air, soil and individual landscapes. Over the years of its work, more than two thousand projects have been implemented: to save tigers from destruction, protect seas from pollution, rescue rainforest and so on. The workers of the Fund have formulated the tasks of the governments different countries in the protection of nature.
Wildlife Fund in Russia
In the Russian Federation, a representative office of the Fund was opened in 1994, although the first projects in our country began in 1988.
The most important WWF programs in Russia are the Forestry, Marine and Climate Programs.
The purpose of the first is to protect the forests of Russia. Marine is aimed at protecting wildlife and wise use of the resources of the seas. And climatic means working to prevent climate change.
What has already been done in Russia?
Wild fund nature WWF since 2004 it has been registered in Russia as a national environmental organization. Over the years of work, significant success has already been achieved.
Over the years, natural reserves have been created - reserves, national parks and others. Their total number has exceeded 120, and their area is more than 42 and a half million hectares. In Yakutia, within the framework of the World Gift to the Earth campaign, natural reserves have been created on 30% of the territory.
2009 was the year of creation in which walruses, polar bears, bird colonies and glaciers are protected.
The Beringia National Park, established in 2012, protects natural landscapes Chukotka. It was created to protect the monuments of the Chukchi and Eskimo ancient culture... From wildlife, polar bears, walruses, and bighorn sheep were taken under protection. The largest bird colonies are also located here, and salmon spawning grounds are also protected.
Protection under the auspices of WWF
Wildlife needs protection. This is no longer in doubt. And WWF specialists made this one of their main goals.
The Wildlife Conservation Fund launched its work in Russia with a project to conserve the Amur tiger. The result of the work of environmental and government organizations it became that now the number of Amur tigers is not decreasing, but has stabilized. It is more than 450 individuals, and this rare species is no longer threatened with extinction. In 2010 in northern capital The International Forum on the Conservation of the Tiger was held, in which 13 states in which these large and rare cats live, adopted a program for their rescue.
Based on the results of the Fund's project in the forests European Russia about 400 bison are already grazing. European bison have also returned to the North Caucasus; their herd is now 90 individuals.
The number of Far Eastern leopards has been increased by almost one and a half times. Now there are at least 50 of these rarest individuals. To save them, measures were taken to combat forest fires, to equip anti-poaching squads, to educational work among schoolchildren ... And, finally, a national park was formed, called "Land of the Leopard". Work is also underway to restore the population of the Central Asian leopard in the North Caucasus.
To maintain safety between humans and polar bears, Bear Patrols have been established with the help of the Foundation.
These are just a few examples of the Foundation's effective work in Russia.
Protecting forests
WWF is also committed to protecting our planet's forest cover. Our WWF forestry program began work in the Pskov region, where they were able to develop efficient management forestry. The goal of the program is to grow a highly productive forest, while not harming the habitats of animals and plants.
More than 38 million hectares of forests in our country now meet international standards. According to this indicator, they are second only to the forests of Canada. Obtaining the certificate means that social and protective functions are preserved in these forests, even under the condition of industrial deforestation.
As a result of the long-term campaign of the Fund for the Protection of the Cedar Forests of Primorye in Russia, a ban on cutting down Korean cedar has been introduced. More than 600 thousand hectares of such forest were leased by the Foundation itself and its partners. And in the habitats of Far Eastern leopards, a million cedars were planted by volunteers!
Protection of water bodies from pollution
One of the most famous campaigns of the Foundation is the action in defense of Lake Baikal. Environmentalists have ensured that the route of the "Eastern Siberia - Pacific Ocean" oil pipeline passes a safe distance from the unique lake.
Now actions are being held with the requirement to close the Baikalsk Pulp Mill as main source water pollution. Deterioration of the purity and transparency of the water in the lake can lead to the destruction of the unique inhabitants of Lake Baikal: seal, golomyanka and others.
Long work resulted in the re-routing of the Sakhalin-2 underwater pipeline, which threatened the feeding areas of gray whales with oil pollution.
The construction of the Evenk hydroelectric power station, which is extremely dangerous for nature, has been canceled. A decision was made to exclude the construction of dams on the Amur River.
"Earth Hour"
This annual WWF promotion is the most popular. And it became the most massive in the history of both our country and the whole world. Millions of people all over the globe turned off the light for exactly one hour to show their attitude to the issue of rational, wise use of the planet's natural resources and indifference to the future of the Earth.
The Wildlife Protection Fund has the main goal of achieving harmony in the relationship between man and nature, preserving the biological wealth and diversity of the Earth. It is a charitable organization, more than half of its funds come from donations from WWF supporters around the world.
It is gratifying to see that there are more and more of them in our country. Join this important business- nature protection for our children and grandchildren!
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) is one of the world's largest public charities, working for more than 40 years to protect nature around the planet. Every year WWF implements over 1200 environmental projects, drawing the attention of millions of people to environmental problems and their solution.
WWF's mission is to prevent the growing degradation of the planet's natural environment and achieve harmony between man and nature. The main goal is to preserve the biological diversity of the Earth. The symbol of the World Wildlife Fund is the giant panda.
History of creation
WWF was founded in 1961 by the British Peter Scott, Luke Hoffman and Guy Montfort. WWF gained fame and financial independence 10 years after its inception. In 1971, the president of the foundation, Prince Bernard of the Netherlands, personally appealed to a thousand of the most influential and famous people in the world with a request to support WWF and transfer 10 thousand dollars to the management of the foundation. The capital raised in this way ($ 10 million) became the basis of the trust fund, which, according to the number of its participants - a thousand invitees plus Prince Bernard - was named "Trust 1001 for the Conservation of Nature". You can only become one of the favorites after a personal invitation from the prince and payment of the entrance fee. The club "1001" includes members of the Rothschild and Rockefeller clans, the highest persons of the royal houses of Europe, richest people from the countries of the Near and Middle East.
The current President of the Foundation is His Royal Highness Prince Philip (UK).
In more than forty years of its existence, WWF has grown into influential organization and operates in more than 130 countries around the world. WWF unites 28 national chapters, they are headed by well-known and respected people in their countries, among whom there are royals, as, for example, in Sweden and Spain, where the monarchs themselves are engaged in the protection of wildlife. More than 5 million individual members also support WWF.
More than half of the money goes to the Foundation as charitable donations from organizations and individuals. Since its inception, WWF has provided funds for the implementation of about 11,000 projects in 130 countries around the world.
The WWF International Secretariat is located in Switzerland.
WWF Russia
In Russia, the first WWF projects began in 1988, and in 1994 the Russian office of WWF was opened. In 2004, WWF became a Russian national organization. During its existence in Russia, WWF has successfully implemented over 150 field projects in 40 regions of Russia.
The main programs of WWF Russia:
Forest program- conservation of biological diversity of Russian forests based on the transition to sustainable forest management and protection.
Marine program- sustainable use of marine resources and protection of marine fauna and flora.
Climatic program- prevention of climate change and adaptation to their consequences.
WWF implements projects to preserve endangered rare species of animals: the Far Eastern leopard, Amur tiger, bison, snow leopard, Siberian white crane, Siberian Crane. The Foundation is working to create systems of protected natural areas (reserves, national parks, wildlife sanctuaries, etc.) in priority ecoregions. Also, one of the activities of WWF in Russia is the greening of the oil and gas sector in Russia - preventing and reducing the negative impact of the oil and gas sector of the economy on the nature of Russia through increasing the environmental responsibility of companies.
The World Wildlife Fund (WWF) works in the areas most important for the conservation of wildlife diversity - in the so-called ecoregions. Worldwide, WWF has identified over 200 ecoregions (Global 200). On the territory of Russia, the WWF carries out work on the territory of fourteen ecoregions, the most important are the Far East, Altai and the Caucasus.
