That they are not satisfied with the level life
.
(4)
The speaker's conclusions and suggestions werebased
. (5) At the end school year lists were distributed to everyonerecommendation
literature. (6) Accounting shouldpay
employees money. (7)
Train tickets were in advancepaid
.
(8)
Diploma holder
successfully defended the work.(9)
The townspeople beganwitnesses
concert on the park's summer stage.(10)
Tourists had to change their route to stock up on foodproduction
.
Exercise 110.Find and eliminate errors caused by inaccurate use of words. If you have any difficulties, consult a dictionary.
(1)
Not all entrepreneurs have entered into new era with a view to the future.(2)
On the presidium are people doomed by power. (3) The great advantage of this work is its expressive, rich sound.(4)
The article is devoted to the study of innate reflexes. (5) The health resorts of Crimea and the Krasnodar Territory are again open to vacationers.(6)
Think ahead and then answer.(7)
The coat is sewn by good master. ((9)
The audience applauded and scanned: “Bravo!”(10)
He deliberately did not come to the cleanup day.
Exercise 111.Set different values the following words according to the 4-volume academic “Dictionary of the Russian Language” or “Dictionary of the Russian Language” by S.I. Ozhegova. Note in what functional styles each of the meanings of these words is used. Make sentences with them.
school course area
rise up substantial
Exercise 112.Give examples of unambiguous words-terms from the field of science in which you are involved.
Exercise 113.Establish direct and figurative meanings of words in these phrases,fine string, fine nature, fine hearing, bright future, bright room, bright dress, bright memory
small owner, small dishes, small river, small worries
a lump of clay, curl up into a lump, a lump comes to the throat, throw an accusation, throw stones, throw reinforcements
Exercise 114*.Find words in the sentences that are used figuratively. Determine the type of transfer: metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche. What is the value transfer based on?
Our athletes brought from competitions figure skating gold and silver.(2)
The audience applauds. (3)
The first violin took the stage.(4)
The entrance to the city was blocked by a barrier.
The warm sympathy of friends supported this family in hard time.
Lead clouds hung over the field.(7)
Rostov is a large railway junction.(8)
An illustrated edition of the dictionary was presented at the exhibition. (9) The air burns your face with a slight frost.(10)
As a gift for the hero of the day, we bought a landscape with a good brush.
Exercise 115*.Determine the meanings of the highlighted words. Indicate what phenomenon - polysemy or homonymy - these words refer to. Give reasons for your answer.
Note
before. Folder withnotes
. Diplomaticnote
. Hystericalnotes
in the voice. Sing bybut there
.
(2)
Kreposth
character. Kreposth
metal Armed CReposth
. Kreposth
solution.
Mow
grass Epidemicmowed
of people.Mow
on the left eye. Dress side viewmows
.
(4)
On the Neva riverlet me know
bridges. Court razvel
spouses. Guests must beAzvesti
home. Touristslet me know
bonfire (5) Boatswam
to the bay. Geeseswam
fat. Candleswam
wax. Pondswam
mud.
Exercise 116.
Explain the meanings of homonyms using explanatory dictionaries and the Dictionary of Homonyms of the Russian Language. Make up sentences.action, shaft, view, neck, hail, dacha, class, interfere
Exercise 117.
Restore homonyms based on the interpretation of their meanings.
“Facial expression” is a “special explosive projectile.”
(2)
“A sense of proportion in human behavior” - “a metric unit in music.” (3) “The edible part of some plants” is “the embryonic state of man.”(4)
“Spend some time reading” - “to express admiration for someone.”
Exercise 118*.
Select the dominant in the synonymous series. Where possible, categorize synonyms by intensity.flare up - ignite - engage - blaze - ignite - ignite - light uplight up
- to light up - to light up - to engage - to flare up - to ignite - to blaze
restlessness, worry, anxiety, confusion
independent, independent, free
glitter, sparkle, shine, sparkle
small, tiny, microscopic, small, miniature
near, close, nearby, nearby, neighboring
immense, immeasurable, huge, large, large, gigantic, gigantic
sadness, melancholy, sadness, sorrow, despair
advantage, superiority, predominance, superiority, superiority
Exercise 119.
Compose synonymous series with the following dominant words.boundless, polite, loud, proof, multitude, constant, acquire, durable
Exercise 120*.
From these synonymous rows, exclude words characteristic of colloquial speech.
ancient, ancient, immemorial, ancient, old, former
think, ponder, ponder
thick, respectable, well-fed, overweight, portly, pot-bellied
intercede, beg, implore, beseech, intercede
surpass, overtake, outstrip, outshine, outshine
study, work through, master, go through, comprehend
hide, bury, lurk, take cover, lurk
Exercise 121.
Compare the scope of use of the following synonyms:amplitude - deviation parents - ancestorsroad - highway jaundice - hepatitis
good - cool medicines - drugs
steering wheel
Exercise 122.
Define stylistic coloring words forming synonymous series (refer to dictionaries):
mass, a lot, abyss, abundance, multitude, abyss
squander, spend up, waste, waste, squander, squander, squander
nonsense, nonsense, nonsense, nonsense, nonsense
Exercise 123.
Choose synonyms for different meanings polysemantic words.thick
thick fog(dense)thick sour cream(saturated)thick hair(lush)thick voice(full sound)
go, open, old, light, dark
Exercise 124.
Make up phrases of adjectives and verbs with the nouns given in brackets.
(1)
discover, discover (law, pattern);
(2)
function, work (apparatus, team); (
3)
carry out, carry out (program, work);
(4)
hold, maintain (distance, distance); (5) correct, eliminate (errors, shortcomings); (6) demonstration, demonstration (stand, flight).(7)
true, real, genuine, real (person, hunter, friend, document); (5) long, long, lengthy, long-term, lasting (credit, path, impact, period, fees).
Exercise 125*.
Select the right word from those in brackets.
(1)
Each participant in the war must do everything in his power to
(upcoming, future)
generations not
(knew, veda
whether)
her nightmares.
(2)
If tension arises in the team, it must be
(discharge, extinguish, weaken, amortize).
Athlete
(exceeded, exceeded, blocked)
his record
(predecessor, forerunner). (4)
Behind
(previous, previous)
year the company turned into
(profitable, profitable, profitable).
(5) From the telephone exchange
(arrived, arrived) (message, news, notification)
about a new tariff increase.
(V)
The party's election campaign contained
(topical, priority, paramount, urgent)
tasks.
(7)
The guests were provided
(courteous, amiable, cordial, courteous)
reception
(8)
The play had
(colossal, huge, outstanding, significant)
success.
Exercise 126.
Find and correct errors in the sentences below related to the incorrect use of synonyms.(1)
In the old days in Rus', chronology was carried out differently.
(2)
The only superiority Emitters of this kind are simple in design. (
3)
This unit allows you to significantly reduce the temperature of the connection of materials.
The creation of social infrastructure in the region was dictated only by the need to support industrial production.
Snow retention is carried out using shields.
(V)
Plant experts are confident that the final effect will be significant.
(7)
Food for livestock must be prepared in advance.
(8)
The most experienced riders were selected to participate in the competition.
(9)
Russian tennis player became the owner of the prize.
(10)
His existence was filled with a wide variety of activities.
Exercise 127.
Choose Russian synonyms for words of foreign origin.adequate
appeal
volunteer
image
millennium
security
fix
sample
exclusive
land
worldview cancel
agrarian
deviation
consolidate
presentable
fiesta
force
evolution
recovery
exceptional
exchange antagonism
barter
dividend
credo
restoration
the final
function
equivalent
volunteer
end
image
sample
cancel
holiday
profit
equivalent
rally to contact
note
representative
contradiction
development
millennium deviation
security guard
transformation
work
corresponding
accelerated
Exercise 128.
Choose antonyms for the words:
useful
attentive
generous
secretive
harmful
illustrious
friendly talented
truthful
hostile
false
untalented
thrifty sincere
frank
wasteful
absent-minded
hypocritical
stingy
Exercise 129.
| . Choose the following words:
| with the opposite
| value to the following
|
without
| high
| in a dream
| seriously
|
hot
| upcoming
| behind
| healthy
|
fall asleep
| short
| buy
| Love
|
lie
| easy
| soft
| maximum
|
find
| above
| put on
| tenderness
|
wholesale
| from
| refuse
| straight
|
benefit
| against
| With
| agreement
|
weaken
| light
| sleep
| happiness
|
get dark
| tired
| smart
| jokingly
|
Exercise 130
| *. Which of the following lexical items does not have antonyms? Motivate your answer.
|
freckled
| enter
| armed
| You
|
for a long time
| wood
| wrap
| avid
|
sound
| winter
| scream
| large
|
doll
| lamp
| logical
| left bank
|
make you look younger
| above
| ceiling
| cry
|
myself
| stadium
| straw
| modesty
|
terrace
| tiger
| thick
| fly away
|
ha ha haI
| to frown
| four
| southwest
|
32
II. Practical partExercise 131.
Choose antonyms for different meanings of words.
easy
light backpack - heavy backpack easy task - difficult task light breakfast - hearty light breakfast tan - intense tan
hot, small, fresh, old
Exercise 132*.
Define lexical meanings highlighted words. Specify the type of antonymy.
I
borrowed
this book for a friend. - I
borrowed
A friend has this book.
(2)
It's already light -
blow it out
candle. - Yesterday at the plant
blew out
new blast furnace. (
3)
New device
launched
into mass production. - Quite a student
launched
study.
Exercise 133.
Eliminate errors associated with the unmotivated use of words that have opposite meanings.
The young man entered the room where the old man was sitting.
(2)
Trying to overcome weakness, she walked forward. (
3)
Modesty took over, and he did not enter the room, but went down the steps. (
4)
There is no availability of textbooks. (5) Not all hidden reserves have been discovered yet human body. (6) He openly admitted what was hidden from us. (7) Failure to act can lead to an accident, as can an incorrect action.(8)
The traveler walked quickly, but not in a hurry.
Exercise 134.
Indicate how these paronymous words differ (semantics, lexical compatibility, permanent or temporary nature of a characteristic, quality, property, etc.). Use paronyms in phrases. If you have any difficulties, refer to the “Dictionary of Paronyms of the Russian Language”.master - master heroic - heroic
put on - dress a creature - essence
ironic - ironic ironic - relating to irony as a stylistic device (used in phrases of a terminological nature), ironic device, ironic poem, stanza ironic - containing elements of irony, used for the purpose of ridicule, ironic look, tone, approach
businessman - businessman - intolerable - intolerable
elected - selective councilor - adviser
health resort - toast introduce yourself - depart
Exercise 135*.
Answer the questions. Give reasons for your answer.
What do you call a person who doesn't know something?
ignorantor
ignorant?
As you lead a meeting, how would you say:
I provideor
I give you the floor?
How would you characterize the joke:
lucky or lucky?
What is the name of the sender of the letter:
destinationor
addressee?
How do you respond to an evasive answer:
diplomatic or diplomatic?
For how long is a person hired?
probationary or probationary?
What is the name of the farm where they breed fish?
fishy or fishy?
(6) How is a high-class professional characterized:
skillfulmaster or
artificialmaster?
What would you call an act of frugality:
economyor
saving?
How is a person who hides something characterized:
hiddenor
secretive?
G libraryI
theatrical neat
{
union feeling work benefit frame
G
communications country | contacts visit
{
coach role word member sentences task
{
work woman result performance
{
contrasts image thread paint film
Exercise 136. Determine the meanings of the following paronyms. What words and phrases can be combined with the indicated paronyms? Are there any paronymic pairs in which the same spreading words are possible?
subscriber - subscription
double - dual friendly - friendly main - capital effective - effective color - color
Exercise 137*.
Choose from the proposed paronyms the one that suits the meaning.
(
1
) Any
(action, misdeed)
deserves condemnation.
(different, various)
floors.
In the new quarters of the city appeared
(high, high-rise)
Houses. (
4)
The apartment requires
(carry out, produce)
repair.
The artist wrote
(oily, oily)
paints. (6) In the morning the hotel offered
(full, satisfying)
breakfast.
(7)
Everything around is attractive: and
(close, near),
And
(distant, distant)
hills.
(Swampy, swampy)
sludge is an excellent fertilizer.
It's nice to walk on a hot day
(shady, shady)
alleys.
(10)
In his life this event was the most
(memorial, memorable).
Exercise 138*.
Correct errors resulting from failure to distinguish paronyms (use explanatory dictionaries).(1)
The manager called on his subordinates to observe executive discipline.
(2)
Some of our films receive appreciation abroad. (
3)
He gained respect and good fame as an innovator, as a man of creative thought.
(4)
Bathing areas must be equipped with life-saving equipment.
He put on overalls and went to the workshop.
(6)
The essence of this book is its nationality.
(7)
The metro turns out to be more convenient than overground transport in terms of speed of movement and the absence of traffic jams. (6) Applying fertilizers to fields increases yield.(9)
We present to your attention a report on the work of V. Nabokov.
(10)
The title role in the play “Juno and Avos” brought fame to the actor Karachentsov, where he played the character of Count Rezanov.
Exercise 139.
Make up lexical phrases:
Test tasks.
Topic No. 1. Norms of the modern Russian literary language
Orthoepic norms of the modern Russian literary language
Exercise 1. Read the words, paying attention to the mobility of stress in some grammatical forms.
Beautiful - more beautiful - most beautiful;
|
short - short - short - short - short;
|
the hair is long, but the mind is short;
|
in short - the coat is short;
|
wholesale – wholesale – wholesale – wholesaler; Wednesdays – on Wednesdays;
|
review (of the dissertation) – review (of the ambassador);
|
walls - behind walls;
|
agreement - conspiracy - conspiracy;
|
take away - took away - took away - took away;
|
understand – understood – understood – understood;
|
begin - started - started - started;
|
begin - began - began - began;
|
gave - gave - gave;
|
create – created – created – created;
|
laid - laid - laid;
|
close - close - close;
|
bitter - bitter - bitter;
|
long - long - long;
|
roven – even – even;
|
deep - deep - deep;
|
convened – convened – convened;
|
created – created – created;
|
taken - taken - taken;
|
busy - busy - busy;
|
started - started - started.
|
Task 2. Form verbs from these adjectives. Pay attention to the place of emphasis in them. Deep, light, bouncy, sharp, strong, durable. Task 3. Read the nouns. Pay attention to the place of emphasis in the form genitive case plural. Complete the list with your own examples.
Region – regions;
|
statement - statements;
|
sheet - sheet And sheet;
|
industry - industries;
|
locality – localities;
|
power – capacities;
|
plane – planes;
|
profit - profits;
|
step - steps (on the stairs);
|
board - boards;
|
bottom – bottom;
|
orphan - orphans;
|
cake - cakes;
|
scarf – scarves;
|
port – ports;
|
coal - coal;
|
bargaining - trading (about trading institutions) - trading (name of action).
|
Task 4. Read the following verbal nouns, placing stress on them. If necessary, consult a spelling dictionary.
Agree - agreement;
|
convene – convocation;
|
provide – provision;
|
concentrate - concentration;
|
intend – intention;
|
strengthen - strengthening;
|
arrange - ordering;
|
borrow - loan;
|
hire – hiring.
|
Task 5. Read the dialogue, paying attention to the pronunciation of the highlighted words. - Good afternoon, Olga Ilyinichna, Are you going to the library? Yes, I want to work with catalogue. And you, Tamara Nikitichna?
Me too busy: I have a lot to do computer class. But maybe we can go inside for a minute cooking? They sell it there today chum salmon, tongue sausage, cottage cheese, sausages and grapefruits.
Let's go in, really, I was in yesterday pizzerias and bought pizza, but if in cooking there is minced meat, beet and eggs, I'll cook them for dinner meatballs and salad, and for breakfast scrambled eggs
Look, the buffet is still open! We were lucky! Let's have a drink coffee with sandwiches. Or maybe cakes buy. Which big choice cakes!
Really! I'll buy this one with cocoa And cream.
Take another one, it tastes better and more beautiful.
Sample:
languagesA
I (related to language as a means of communication: languagesA
I preparation) – languageO
vaya (consisting of the tongue as part of the body: tongueO
your sausage).
Busy O
y – s A
accepted, developed O
th – p A
called - developed And
ty, bypass O
th - obx O
bottom, transitional O
th – pereh O
bottom, portable O
th – peren O
sleepy, conscript O
y – prz s
distinguished, character e
rnary – characteristic A
weird, wonderful O
th – h at
bottom
Remember! Valov O
th
(income, product), Not V A
fishing; mouth A
private (fund, capital), Not charter O
y. Task 7. Read the microtexts, paying attention to the pronunciation of the highlighted words. Economics and politics news
- Israel confirmed intention continue peace negotiations with a view to provision peace in the Middle East.
As a result of complex maneuvers aircraft mercenaries were able bombard enemy military facility. Governments of several countries have condemned incident and expressed condolences families of the victims.
Expected convocation next congress. Necessary deepen And strengthen beginning positive processes in political life countries.
Arrived in Moscow from the USA experts FBI.
It turned out that this scam carried out by one insolvent firm. Thus she hopelessly compromised myself.
Elections came test to political maturity.
After comprehensive analysis expert commission and the development of a mutually acceptable position on the issues discussed, a signing took place agreement.
- Arrived leaders to the summit European countries discussed current political problems.
culture News
At the festival you will see masterpieces world cinema, learn about prospects exchange of film products between our countries. Extremely interesting films by Japanese directors will certainly attract the attention of viewers and members jury.
sports news
Session held simultaneous chess game.
Unfortunately, we have to to state what an athlete compromised yourself by using doping. Either way otherwise he was suspended from further participation in competitions.
Weather forecast
The weather in the Transcaucasian states is influenced by regions low pressure. There will be heavy rains there. Task 8. Read excerpts from advertisements. Pay attention to the pronunciation of the highlighted words.
Do business with us. Our products competitive! The variety of services provided by the company will pleasantly surprise you. busy of people.
Our size statutory fund - more than 100 billion rubles. Pay dividends produced quarterly.
For wholesale buyers - significant discounts!
Cash facilities shareholders are already working in all key industries economy.
The foundation employs leading specialists in marketing.
Courses specialize in language preparation and translations into almost all languages of the world.
The publishing house invites you to cooperate wholesale buyers on the principles of mutually beneficial contractual relationships.
Our company is the largest supplier cosmetic products. Test tasks.
Topic No. 2. Lexical norms of the modern Russian literary language
Exercise 1. Comment and correct errors associated with inaccurate understanding of the meaning of the highlighted words. (1)
The conference addressed the issue of the most spectacular teaching methods. (2)
We must not forget that our goods go to import. (3)
Some of the respondents indicated that they were not satisfied with the level life. (4)
The speaker's conclusions and suggestions were based. (5)
At the end of the school year, everyone was given lists recommendation literature. (6)
Accounting should pay employees money. ( 7)
Train tickets were in advance paid. (8)
Diploma holder successfully defended the work. (9)
The townspeople began witnesses concert on the park's summer stage. (10)
Tourists had to change their route to stock up products.
Task 2. Find and eliminate errors caused by inaccurate use of words. If you have any difficulties, consult a dictionary. (1)
Not all entrepreneurs entered the new era with an eye to the future. (2)
On the presidium are people doomed by power. (3)
The great advantage of this work is its expressive, rich sound. (4)
The article is devoted to the study of innate reflexes. (5)
Toasts of Crimea and Krasnodar region reopened for holidaymakers. (6)
Think ahead and then answer. (7)
The coat was sewn by a good craftsman. (8)
The entire audience was already in triumph. (9)
The audience applauded and scanned: “Bravo!” (10)
He deliberately did not come to the cleanup day. Task 3. Establish different meanings of the following words using the 4-volume academic “Dictionary of the Russian Language” or “Dictionary of the Russian Language” SI. Ozhegova. Note in what functional styles each of the meanings of these words is used. Make sentences with them. school course area
rise up substantial
Task 4. Give examples of unambiguous words-terms from the field of science in which you are involved. Task 5. Establish direct and figurative meanings of words in these phrases. fine string, fine nature, fine hearing, bright future, bright room, bright dress, bright memory small owner, small dishes, small river, small worries
a lump of clay, curl up into a lump, a lump comes to the throat, throw an accusation, throw stones, throw reinforcements Task 6. Find in the sentences the words used in figurative meaning. Determine the type of transfer: metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche. What is the value transfer based on? (1)
Our athletes brought gold and silver from figure skating competitions. (2)
The audience applauds. ( 3)
The first violin took the stage. (4)
The entrance to the city was blocked by a barrier. (5)
The warm sympathy of friends supported this family during a difficult time. (6)
Lead clouds hung over the field. ( 7
) Rostov is a large railway junction. (8)
An illustrated edition of the dictionary was presented at the exhibition. (9)
The air burns your face with a slight frost. (10)
As a gift for the hero of the day, we bought a landscape with a good brush. Task 7. Determine the meanings of the highlighted words. Indicate what phenomenon - polysemy or homonymy - these words refer to. Give reasons for your answer. (1)
Note before. Folder with notes. Diplomatic note. Hysterical notes in the voice. Sing according to the notes. (2)
Fortress character. Fortress metal Armed fortress. Fortress solution. (3)
Mow grass Epidemic mowed of people. Mow on the left eye. Dress side view mows. (4)
On the Neva divorced bridges. Court divorced spouses. We need guests dilute home. Tourists divorced bonfire! (5)
Boat swam to the bay. Geese swam fat. Candle for swam wax. Pond swam mud. Task 8. Explain the meanings of homonyms using explanatory dictionaries and Dictionary of Homonyms of the Russian Language. Make up sentences: action, shaft, view, neck, hail, dacha, class, interfere Task 9. Restore homonyms based on the interpretation of their meanings. (1)
“Facial expression” is a “special explosive projectile.” (2)
“A sense of proportion in human behavior” – “a metric unit in music.” (3)
“The edible part of some plants” is “the embryonic state of man.” (4)
“Spend some time reading” - “to express admiration for someone.” Task 10. Highlight the dominant in synonymous series. Where possible, categorize synonyms by intensity. flare up - ignite - engage - blaze - ignite -
ignite - light up light up– light up – light up – engage –
flare up - ignite - blaze (1)
restlessness, worry, anxiety, confusion (2)
independent, independent, free (3)
glitter, sparkle, shine, sparkle (4)
small, tiny, microscopic, small, miniature (5)
near, close, nearby, nearby, neighboring (6)
immense, immeasurable, huge, large, large, gigantic, gigantic (7)
sadness, melancholy, sadness, sorrow, despair (8)
advantage, superiority, predominance, superiority, primacy Task 11. Make up synonymous rows with the following dominant words. boundless, polite, loud, proof, multitude, constant, acquire, durable Task 12. From these synonymous rows, exclude words characteristic of colloquial speech. (1
) ancient, ancient, immemorial, ancient, old, former (2)
think, ponder, ponder (3)
thick, respectable, well-fed, overweight, portly, pot-bellied (4)
intercede, beg, implore, beseech, intercede (5)
surpass, overtake, outstrip, outshine, outshine (6)
study, work through, master, go through, comprehend (7)
hide, bury, lurk, take cover, lurk Task 13. Compare the scope of use of the following synonyms: amplitude – deviation parents – ancestors
road – highway jaundice – hepatitis
good - cool medicines - drugs
steering wheel
Task 14. Determine the stylistic coloring of the words forming synonymous rows (refer to dictionaries): (1
) mass, lot, abyss, abundance, multitude, abyss
(2)
squander, spend up, waste, waste, squander, squander, squander (3)
nonsense, nonsense, nonsense, nonsense, nonsense Task 15. Choose synonyms for different meanings of polysemantic words. thick
thick fog (dense)
thick sour cream (rich)
thick hair (lush)
go, open, old, light, dark
Task 16. Make up phrases of adjectives and verbs with the nouns given in brackets. (1)
discover, discover (law, pattern); (2)
function, work (apparatus, team); (3)
carry out, carry out (program, work); (4)
hold, maintain (distance, distance); (5)
correct, eliminate (errors, shortcomings); (6)
demonstration, demonstration (stand, flight). ( 7
) true, real, authentic, real (person, hunter, friend, document); ( 8)
long, long, lasting, long-term, long-lasting (credit, path, impact, period, fees). Task 17. Choose the correct word from those in brackets. (1)
Each participant in the war must do everything in his power to (upcoming, future) generations not (knew, knew) her nightmares. (2)
If tension arises in the team, it must be (discharge, extinguish, weaken, amortize). (3) Athlete (exceeded, exceeded, blocked) his record (predecessor, forerunner). (4) Behind (previous, previous) year the company turned into (profitable, profitable, profitable).(5)
From the telephone exchange (arrived, arrived) (message, news, notification) about a new tariff increase. ( 6
) The party's election campaign contained (topical, priority, paramount, urgent) tasks. (7)
The guests were provided (courteous, amiable, cordial, courteous) reception (8)
The play had (colossal, huge, outstanding, significant) success. Task 18. Find and correct errors in the sentences below related to the incorrect use of synonyms. (1)
In the old days in Rus', chronology was carried out differently. ( 2
) The only superiority of emitters of this kind is the simplicity of their design. (3)
This unit allows you to significantly reduce the temperature of the connection of materials. (4)
The creation of social infrastructure in the region was dictated only by the need to support industrial production. (5)
Snow retention is carried out using shields. (6)
Plant experts are confident that the final effect will be significant. (7)
Food for livestock must be prepared in advance. (8)
The most experienced riders were selected to participate in the competition. (9)
The Russian tennis player became the owner of the prize. (10)
His existence was filled with a wide variety of activities. Task 19. Choose Russian synonyms for words of foreign origin.
adequate
|
cancel
|
antagonism
|
appeal
|
agrarian
|
barter
|
volunteer
|
deviation
|
dividend
|
image
|
consolidate
|
credo
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millennium
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presentable
|
restoration
|
security
|
fiesta
|
the final
|
fix
|
force
|
function
|
sample
|
evolution
|
equivalent
|
exclusive
|
recovery
|
volunteer
|
land
|
exceptional
|
end
|
worldview
|
exchange
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image
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sample; cancel; holiday; profit; equivalent; pull together; address; note; representative; contradiction; development; millennium; deviations; security guard; transformation; work; corresponding; accelerated
Exercise 20.
Choose antonyms for the words:
useful
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talented
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sincere
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attentive
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truthful
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frank
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generous
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hostile
|
wasteful
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secretive
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false
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absent-minded
|
harmful
|
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untalented
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hypocritical
|
illustrious
|
thrifty
|
stingy
|
friendly
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|
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Exercise 21.
Choose words with the opposite meaning to the following words:
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high
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in a dream
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seriously
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hot
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upcoming
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behind
|
healthy
|
fall asleep
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short
|
buy
|
Love
|
lie
|
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easy
|
soft
|
maximum
|
find
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above
|
put on
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tenderness
|
wholesale
|
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from
|
refuse direct
|
benefit
|
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against
|
With
|
agreement
|
weaken
|
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light
|
sleep
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happiness
|
get dark
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tired
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smart
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jokingly
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Exercise 22.
Which of the following lexical items does not have antonyms? Motivate your answer.
freckled
|
enter
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armed
|
You
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for a long time
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wood
|
wrap
|
avid
|
sound
|
winter
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scream
|
large
|
doll
|
lamp
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logical
|
left bank
|
make you look younger
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above
|
ceiling
|
cry
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myself
|
stadium
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straw
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modesty
|
terrace
|
tiger
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thick
|
fly away
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ha ha ha
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to frown
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four
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southwest
|
I
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Exercise 23.
Choose antonyms for different meanings of words. hot, small, fresh, old
Task 24. Definition of the meaning of the following phraseological units: Live large Cover your tracks White crow Decoy duck Prodigal son Not a timid dozen Birds of a feather Dog in the manger Greek gift Scapegoat Sword of Damocles Procrustean bed Trojan horse Sisyphus's work Pandora's Box Between Scylla and Charybdis Pyrrhic victory Aesopian language
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