Copier for wood lathe with manual router
We suggest you make your own copier with minimal costs according to time, the machine can be started in " industrial production» turned parts by evening. The “cutting tool” will be a manual milling cutter; the technical characteristics of the parts being manufactured depend on technical characteristics wood lathe. Despite the fact that the copier is made using plywood, it can produce up to hundreds of products from one copier, you will agree that this quantity is quite enough to fulfill most wholesale orders.
The device does not look exactly “attractive” from a design point of view, but we did not set such a task for ourselves. We tried to make our “equipment” as simple to manufacture and more or less reliable as possible. Which is what happened in the end. How is a copier made? Let's get to know him better.
Copier device
An ordinary manual milling cutter is used for the cutting tool, specific model doesn't matter at all. Place the router on the support platform, our platform dimensions are 500×200 mm, made of sheet metal plywood 12 mm thick. You can slightly increase or decrease the linear parameters of the site depending on the size of the hand cutter. On the site, make holes for the cutter to exit and holes for installing mounting bolts. In order to completely eliminate unauthorized spontaneous movements of the cutter during operation, we advise you to install additional stop bars around the perimeter on the site, fix the bars with self-tapping screws, the length of the screws is selected taking into account the thickness of the fixing bars.
The router must be installed between the stop bars, check the reliability of its fixation, any vibrations are completely eliminated. The far end of the platform should “ride” along the pipe the entire length of the wood lathe, we used a Ø 25 mm pipe, you can use other pipes for making. The main thing is that they can withstand the weight of the router without bending, that they are absolutely flat and have a perfectly smooth surface. Secure the ends of the pipe with two wooden blocks; in our case, 80x35 mm blocks were used. Screw the bars to the body of the lathe using metal screws; you do not have to cut threads for the bolts. If your machine design does not allow you to fasten the bars in this way, then solve this problem in your own way.
Installing main structural elements homemade copier
Strong advice - do not rush during the manufacture of equipment; turned parts for a copier do not forgive even the slightest violations not only of technology, but also of the location of the working axes. It follows from this that the axis of the pipe along which the milling cutter will move must be perfectly parallel to the axis of rotation of the lathe. We naturally found that the axis of the pipe coincided with the axis of the machine, but this condition is not necessary. The main thing is that the cutting tool of the cutter in its lowest position coincides with the axis of the machine, and this parameter can be adjusted by the level of the copier.
The pipe is fixed in the blind holes of the bars; before fixing it, you need to put two bars on it, on which the bearing platform of the router will be installed. Important condition- the bars for the platform should slide easily along the guide pipe, but wobbling is prohibited. Check this parameter and, if necessary, manually lap the pipe and bars. Then attach the router support pad to the bars and install the router on it. Check the smoothness of sliding again, making sure that there is no wobble at all. Don’t be afraid of such “strict” requirements for gliding quality. If you have a pipe with a normal surface and completely flat, then achieving smooth sliding is not difficult.
Installation of a horizontal bar
This is the second “working” element of a homemade copier; in terms of installation accuracy, you must comply with all the above requirements. The profile template of the parts is attached to the horizontal bar. A 70×30 mm block is quite suitable for manufacturing; it is attached with self-tapping screws to vertical wooden posts; fix the posts in any convenient way to the lathe bed. The upper edge of the horizontal bar must be parallel to the axis of the machine and be flush with it. If the copier becomes temporarily unnecessary, the block is easily removed, the installation platform for the router is tilted to the rearmost position and lathe on wood can be used for its intended purpose.
Attach a vertical stop to the working platform of the router; we made it from thin plywood; you can use more durable materials, even metal. This part will move along the copier during turning and set the spatial position of the cutter; fasten the copier as firmly as possible. There is a direct relationship in terms of thickness: the thinner it is, the more accurately the dimensions will be taken from the template. But there is another dependence - too thin a copier makes it difficult to move the device along the template, choose the golden mean. The height of the copier must be adjusted after the final assembly of the machine; during adjustment, all the listed conditions must be observed. One more thing. If you have a copier made of plywood, then you need to make it removable, this will allow you to quickly replace a worn-out copier with a new one during turning large quantity similar products.
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Copier stop |
How the template is made
There's nothing new here. Draw the outline of the part to be turned on a strip of plywood or OSB board, check all the dimensions again and carefully cut out using an electric jigsaw. The edges must be sanded to remove nicks and irregularities. Attach the template to the horizontal rail with self-tapping screws; when fixing, observe all installation dimensions.
Some features of turning
You will have to move the device only with two hands, otherwise it may jam on the pipe. Another problem is that the radii of curvature of turned parts are limited by the diameter of the cutter; this must be kept in mind when choosing the profile of turned parts. Practice shows the dependence of the feed speed on the diameter of the cutter: the smaller the diameter of the cutter, the less the feed should be and vice versa.
RUB 1,400
RUB 1,800
800 rub
RUB 1,450
380 rub.
RUB 1,300
RUB 3,200
900 rub.
RUB 2,000 RUB 2,200
120 rub.
Accessories for a hand router can expand the functionality of hand-held power tools and make their use more convenient, comfortable and safe. Serial models of such devices are quite expensive, but you can save on their purchase and make devices for equipping a wood router with your own hands.
Various types of attachments can turn a hand router into a truly universal tool.
The main task that milling tools solve is to ensure that the tool is positioned in relation to the surface being machined in the required spatial position. Some of the most commonly used milling machine attachments come standard with milling machines. Those models that have a highly specialized purpose are purchased separately or made by hand. At the same time, many devices for a wood router have such a design that it is impossible to make them yourself special problems. For homemade devices for a hand router, you don’t even need drawings - their drawings will be enough.
Among the accessories for a wood router that you can make yourself, there are a number of popular models. Let's take a closer look at them.
Rip fence for straight and curved cuts
It is possible to ensure the stability of the router when processing narrow surfaces without special devices. This problem is solved using two boards, which are attached to both sides of the workpiece in such a way as to form one plane with the surface on which the groove is made. The router itself when using this technological method positioned using the rip fence.
Any products made from natural wood are highly valued due to their environmental friendliness and uniqueness. To create real masterpieces with your own hands from such natural material, you must have a manual router and have the necessary skills to use it.
In addition, additional accessories for the router are also important, allowing the production of parts of any complexity exactly as they were intended by the author. for such a woodworking tool they are quite simple designs, the execution of which does not require special skills or material resources, the main thing is to have the desire. But thanks to their use, processing a variety of parts will become much easier.
Tool table
The very first necessary equipment, which makes it possible to conveniently work with such a hand tool, is a milling table.
The most simple design The table consists of a tabletop, which can be a sheet of chipboard or other similar material with holes for installing tools, as well as a guide, which is attached to the table with clamps.
Having made ordinary legs, we get the main device for our hand tools - a table on which we can install any other devices.
Rip fence
A similar device for manual milling machine woodworking tools are often included in equipment kits. But there is always the opportunity to do it yourself. Why is this being done? The stop itself makes it possible to cut the material in a straight line. But it often happens that the cut needs to be made not straight, but, for example, arched.
In this case, it is advisable to make a milling stop, one of the sides of which will be straight, and the other will repeat the shape of the part. In this case, it will be possible to cut wood different ways. Each master creates templates for such stops with his own hands “for himself”, depending on the purpose of using the milling machine.
Router guides
One of the main components of a manual wood carving machine is its guides. You can make them yourself from ordinary bars.
If one guide is used, it must be tightly attached to the base on which all necessary work. To make the entire structure more reliable, while eliminating the possibility of the template shifting, it can be additionally secured with side stops.
If you use such a device for a manual machine, which we made with our own hands, you can always make additional grooves in several products.
Homemade guides are:
- T-shaped;
- On hinges, can be folded like a book;
- L-shaped.
The guides, which look like skis, are quite convenient to use. They can be used with any type of hand router, making work with wooden workpieces as precise and clean as possible.
Devices for processing bodies of revolution
If, when working with such a machine, you have to process certain bodies of rotation, for example, balusters, pillars, and the like, then in this case the process of processing them with a manual milling cutter will become much easier when using another device. It consists of:
- housings;
- a movable carriage on which the tool itself is mounted;
- disks with which you can set the required angle of rotation;
- screws that securely fasten the workpieces.
Using such a device, the products will rotate slowly, which will make the processing process more convenient. Thus, you can make a device with your own hands that will become a full-fledged replacement for a lathe.
Compasses
Such devices for a manual milling machine ensure its movement along the required circle. The design of a self-made compass is very simple, it consists of a main part - a rod, which is attached at one end to the base of the tool, and a secondary part - a screw, which is inserted into the hole of a hand router.
A compass with two rods is more efficient in use. By making it from some transparent material, for example, plexiglass, a metric scale can be applied to the surface of the device, which will make its use even more convenient.
Using an angular lever with a scale, copying is carried out on the workpiece being processed. In this case, it will be possible to center the ring on the cutter with your own hands during work. The angle arm with support plate will ensure precise processing of the edges of the part. The design of such a device for working with hand tools consists of a set of probes, base plate, as well as chip protection.
Small extras
Usually, the set of the hand tool itself contains some minor devices that make it easy and convenient to work with parts of non-standard shape. You can always make such devices yourself or slightly improve existing ones to suit your needs and requirements.
Copy rings. Such accessories are ordinary plates round shape, which determine the movement of the apparatus along the workpiece that is installed on a table or other base. The diameter of such rings is selected depending on the diameter of the cutters.
The diameter of the template will also depend on the selected ring. They are selected in inverse proportion - if the diameter of the cutter is larger than the diameter of the ring, then the template is smaller than the finished product, and vice versa.
Devices for working with a manual machine on narrow surfaces will not allow the router to move to the sides, passing exactly in the center of the products.
Devices for creating spikes. Such accessories are most often used in the manufacture of furniture to create connecting tenons on parts.
Products made from wood are distinguished by their uniqueness and environmental friendliness, which is why they are so valued. But you won’t be able to make a wooden masterpiece with your own hands without a hand router. In addition, it will need accessories with the help of which the craft takes on a given shape.
You can even make them with your own hands, and no special strength or skills are required. Before working with a router, you must first familiarize yourself with each of these devices, as well as learn how they work. In this article we will look at the most necessary designs for a router.
Device - rip fence
This device, as a rule, is already sold along with the router. Therefore, there is no need to develop and create it independently. For reliable support of the processed material, this element is used. With it, the movement of the cutter becomes rectilinear relative to the base surface, which can be a table guide, slats or straight edge part.
This device makes it possible to quickly mill various grooves and process edges while firmly holding the material.
Guide rail
If you need to make a straight cut with a router, then you cannot do without this device. To make it you will need any flat board, for example, you can use a piece of chipboard.
First you need to find out the distance from the edge of the milling base to the center of rotation, and it is always the same. To do this, you need to screw a guide to the unnecessary part of the material and make a test cut. Then you should measure the gap from the edge of the cut to the tire, to which the radius of the cutter is added. As a result, it will be possible to obtain the required value. For example, it is 59 mm, and the diameter slot cutter- 14 mm, that is , its radius is 7 mm.
Then you should draw a line for the cut, from which we retreat a distance of 52 mm (59-7), and draw another one. We fix the guide along it and make the cut.
Circle milling
Compasses are used for such purposes. With their help, the router can move around a circle. The simplest of them is a device consisting of a rod, one end of which is equipped with a screw with a pin, and the other is attached to the base of the tool. Of course, it is better to use a compass equipped with two rods.
In general, there are many proprietary and even homemade devices for a router for cutting circles, which differ from each other in ease of use and dimensions. Quite often, compasses have a mechanism changing the radius of the circle. As a rule, it is a screw with a pin at the end that moves along the groove of the router.
When it is necessary to mill a small circle, the pin should be located under the base of the tool. In these cases, other devices are also used, fixed at the bottom of the device base.
But you don’t have to buy a milling compass to cut out circles. Instead, you can use a rip fence. To do this, the device is attached to a groove on the sole. A screw is screwed into it, which is recommended to be equipped with a sleeve so that its diameter matches the size of the hole. That's it, the compass is done. The radius can be adjusted using the stop.
Devices for replication and copying
To create a series of identical products use:
- Angle lever;
- Copy probes.
There is a scale on the angle lever, the division price of which is 1/10 mm. It allows you to center a stop ring under the cutter, which helps accurately reproduce the shape of the part on the workpiece during copying. It is often equipped with a chip guard and a support plate for best processing edges
Using copy templates and rings
Copy rings are a round plate with a protruding edge that slides along the base surface along the template. This device provides an accurate path for the cutter to move. Basically, this element is installed on the base of the workbench. At the same time, there is Several methods for attaching it:
- Installation of special antennae in the holes on the sole;
- Screwing the ring into the threaded recess.
Using a template also allows you to achieve more efficient and accurate work. It is attached directly to the workpiece with double-sided tape, and then both parts of the device are pressed to the machine with clamps. Moreover, experienced milling operators advise checking how tightly the ring is pressed to the edge of the template.
In addition, with such a device you can not process the entire edge, but only the corners. Hence, procedure for processing material according to a template- an excellent option for cutting grooves for the product.
Dust removal devices
Professional craftsmen, in order to ensure dust removal, specially buy a technical vacuum cleaner, which is connected through an adapter with a hose to the router. Moreover, it does not interfere with operating the tool, and the markings and place of processing of the product are always open for visual inspection.
It is very difficult to work without a suction unit. But not everyone decides to make such a purchase, since it is too burdensome in terms of money and, moreover, is not always justified. True, there is another solution; you can get rid of dust with a household vacuum cleaner.
Install between the milling machine and the vacuum cleaner hermetically sealed tank. It will catch the bulk of the dust. It is equipped with an additional hose, and a fabric mesh is inserted inside. Moreover, these designs can be purchased ready-made or made with your own hands. By the way, homemade device will help a household vacuum cleaner to collect even large construction debris and wood dust.
Slot milling device
This device is used for processing longitudinal grooves on posts, balusters and other rotating bodies. The principle of its operation is as follows. A baluster is installed into the body and fixed. Using a locking screw and a disk, the workpiece is secured in a strictly defined position.
After which the carriage is set in motion and the milling a groove along the length of the product. Then the part is unlocked, rotated to the required angle, locked, and the next groove is created.
Instructions for wood carving with a router
Beginning craftsmen may find working with hand tools difficult because the process of operating them seems difficult. That is why, before you start milling, you need to familiarize yourself with the principle of its operation.
Router assembly
The first step is to check the mounting location of the cutter in the machine; as a rule, a collet chuck is used for this. First, you need to select the desired cutter that matches the size of the chuck. If necessary, you can replace it.
But when deep processing is necessary, an option with an extended shank is used, which is inserted into the chuck hole and secured with a key. This must be done carefully without applying force, otherwise you will squeeze it, which is not the norm for proper operation milling cutter. Although it is worth trying to reach a good stop so that the cutter does not wobble. All that remains is to tighten the spindle lock and you can get to work.
After this, the router turns on, you need to get used to the sound and feel the start. It is often because of surprise that many people start getting married.
Depth selection
In addition, you will need to install a milling depth limiter. First, the machine is applied to the product from the edge, while the cutter should not come into contact with the material. You will have to press on it until it reaches the required depth, after which position is fixed.
For a more accurate value, use a phased limiter. You can find out its pitch in the manual for the router. IN in this case the regulator turns to required quantity degrees.
First of all, the required speed is determined. This is done according to the table in the instructions, based on the diameter of the cutter and the material being processed.
If you have never worked with a router before, then it is better to try your hand at a rough version. In addition, it will help to install required parameters directly in processing mode.
It is also advisable to compare the results after moving the tool clockwise and counterclockwise, toward you and away from you. When milling a product around, the correct direction is counterclockwise, and on the flat side, on the contrary, away from you. Then you can start carving the main workpiece.
