A punctuation mark (!), placed at the end (and in some languages, for example, in Spanish, and at the beginning, inverted) of an exclamation sentence, sometimes an appeal, etc. Big encyclopedic Dictionary
exclamation mark- (Astonisher) punctuation mark [period, comma, colon, dash, ellipsis, etc.], expressing an exclamation, increased intonation. It is placed at the end of a sentence, and in some languages (for example, in Spanish) also at the beginning of a sentence in ... ... Font terminology
Exclamation mark
Exclamation mark- An exclamation point is placed at the end of an exclamatory sentence (including the word of a sentence), for example: He loves me, loves me so much! (Chekhov); Rather an overcoat and a hat! (A. N. Tolstoy); Right! Right! (Vs. Ivanov). Note 1. In… … A guide to spelling and style
A punctuation mark (!), placed at the end (and in some languages, for example, in Spanish, and at the beginning, inverted) of an exclamatory sentence, sometimes an appeal, etc. * * * EXCLAMATION POINT EXCLAMATION POINT, punctuation mark (!), … … encyclopedic Dictionary
A punctuation mark that is placed: 1) at the end of an exclamatory sentence. Oh, if I could rise to the sky at least once! (Bitter); 2) optional in exclamatory sentences with homogeneous members after each homogeneous member to indicate... ... Dictionary of linguistic terms
A punctuation mark that is placed after expressions containing surprise or invocation ... Encyclopedic Dictionary F.A. Brockhaus and I.A. Efron
Punctuation mark. It means expressiveness at the end of a sentence (exclamation): How vast are these squares, How booming and steep bridges! or when addressing: Lord! I am negligent, your stingy slave (A. Akhmatova. “How vast these areas ...”; “You gave me ... ... Literary Encyclopedia
See punctuation... Big soviet encyclopedia
Books
- Decoration set "Happy Holidays!", 11 letters and an exclamation mark , . The set includes 11 letters and an exclamation mark on 2 sheets A 1 and a holiday script for decorating a class, group, foyer, hall educational organization to celebrate Cosmonautics Day and…
- Exclamation mark. Poems 1911 - 1915 , Tsvetaeva M.I .. ...
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| upside down question mark and inverted exclamation mark |
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Characteristics |
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Name |
¿
: inverted question mark |
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Unicode |
¿
: U+00BF |
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HTML code |
¿
: ¿
or ¿
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¿
: 0xBF |
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URL code |
¿
: %C2%BF |
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Inverted interrogative (¿ ) And exclamation mark (¡ ) - punctuation marks that begin, respectively, interrogative and exclamatory sentences in writing in some languages, such as Spanish, Greek, and Church Slavonic.
In Spanish they are called: inverted interrogative ( signos de interrogacion) and an exclamation mark ( signos de exclamacion).
Usage
Inverted question and exclamation marks are used before the first letter interrogative sentence.
Second edition of the Ortografía de la lengua castellana (1754), inverted question and exclamation marks are recommended to indicate the start of a question and an exclamation, respectively [ ] . However, these rules slowly came into use [ ] . There are books of the 19th century [ which?] , where these characters were not typed.
They can also be combined in several ways to express a combination of a question with surprise or disbelief. Initial characters are usually reflected at the end of a sentence with the usual question and exclamation marks (?, !), which are used in most languages of European origin. It should also be noted that the inverted characters are placed below the usual ones, that is, they go beyond the bottom line of the line. In Spanish, inverted question marks and exclamations appeared only in mid-eighteenth century, but did not become widespread immediately. At the moment, under the influence of the English language, there is a reverse trend - to put signs only at the end. Inverted signs were first proposed by the Royal Academy of the Spanish Language (Spanish. Real Academia Española ) in 1754 and adopted over the next century.
On computers, inverted characters are supported by various standards, including ISO 8859-1, Unicode, and HTML. They can be set directly from keyboards designed for use in Spanish-speaking countries or via alternative methods on other keyboards.
Some authors do not use these characters for short sentences. The same rule is true for the Catalan language.
Laureate Nobel Prize Pablo Neruda refused to use the upside down question mark.
When corresponding on the Internet, correspondents can omit inverted characters to save typing time.
History
The inverted question and exclamation marks are widely used in Spanish and sometimes in some of its origins, such as the old standards of Galician (now acceptable but not recommended) or Catalan, as well as Varai and Asturian. In Spanish, they are called inverted interrogative ( signos de interrogacion) and an exclamation mark ( signos de exclamacion). In Spanish, when writing, question and exclamation marks are placed both at the end and at the beginning of a sentence: only at the beginning are these marks “upside down”
With this tool you will be able to flip text(ɯɔʞǝɯ qɯʎнdǝʚǝdǝu) upside down online.
Strictly speaking, the entire word will rotate 180 degrees (˙dǝwidu). That is, it will be read from right to left. As in Arabic writing. Inverted letters can only be Cyrillic or Latin. It works as follows. Each regular letter is replaced with another corresponding Unicode character. For example, instead of the letter "F", the symbol "Latin lowercase letter db digraph" ȸ. And so it turns out the whole text upside down. In this regard, the Fraser alphabet helps well, for the Lisu language (this is such a people). It includes many Latin letters put on the head.
In an interesting position, you can put not only letters, but also punctuation marks. Here is an inverted question mark: ¿. The Spaniards put it at the beginning of a sentence to indicate interrogative intonation, in addition to the usual one at the end. You can do the same with an exclamation mark. But some Tamil visarga cannot be turned over.
This utility can do more than just flip text.
You can also write the word backwards (.remirp). With this tool, you can depict boustrophedon. This is a way of writing in which the direction of the words changes in each line. If the first went from right to left, then the second goes from left to right, the third like the first, and so on. In ancient times, such a spelling was found among the Germans, with their runes, and the Etruscans. As a rule, they also displayed symbols in a mirror way. We have not implemented this feature yet.
In Russian grammar, it is not customary to use an inverted question mark. However, for the Spanish language, this symbol is quite important, however, as well as an inverted exclamation mark. They put it at the beginning of an interrogative sentence and it is an amplifying addition to the traditional question mark in all languages. However, it may not have any connection at all with the main question mark, it all depends on how you put intonation in Spanish. And a certain number of first words in a sentence may be in question. In addition, an inverted question mark can be used not only at the end or beginning of a sentence, it can even be placed in the middle of a phrase. Right before the question word.- A vertically inverted question mark, that is, a hook from below, and a dot from above are used in Church Slavonic and Greek.
- Question mark reversed 180° horizontally (hook reversed) applies in Arabic.
- An inverted question mark is applied in Windows OS, because in this operating system the usual question mark is not allowed.
Many probably wondered and could not find the answer, probably more than once or twice carefully studying their keyboard in search of this symbol, but alas, it was not provided there. But do not worry, because the OS developers have provided for the writing of many various characters that didn't fit on the keyboard.
In order to write an inverted question mark, there is a keyboard shortcut. You should click on the button " ALT"and holding it dial the next number combination" 0191
". ¿
Before that, change the keyboard layout to English.
What are the inverted question and exclamation marks for?
As part of this material it will be described how to write inverted Most often this character can be found in Spanish, at the very beginning of interrogative applications. This allows the reader to choose the right intonation and pronounce the phrase in accordance with the rules.
What are the ways?
How to write an upside down question mark? To date, there are the following ways performing such an operation.
- With the installation of the Spanish language and the use of a separate key specially designed for this.
- ASCII codes.
- Using the on-screen keyboard.
- Using the symbol table.
- Inserting the symbol "¿" into the word processor "Word" and transferring it to other applications using the clipboard.
Each of these methods will be described in detail within the framework of this material. From the standpoint of ease of implementation, among them, the one that is best used in practice will be selected.
Installing Spanish
One of the main ways to insert "¿" into any application is to install Spanish on a personal computer. It has a dedicated key for this purpose. Before writing an inverted question mark, you need to perform the following manipulations:
- We go to the "Start" menu, then we need the "Control Panel". After that, open the shortcut labeled "Language".
- In the window that opens after this, we find "Spanish" in the list, select it with a single mouse click and then press the button labeled "Install". In the future, the procedure for installing the language pack will start.
- We close everything before open windows. We launch Notepad.
- In the lower right corner of the screen, select Spanish(it is referred to as "ESP").
- Press the key combination "Shift" and "+" on the main part of the keyboard. After that, "¿" should appear.
Now, in the process of working, it is enough to switch to this keyboard layout and press the one shown. In principle, a fairly simple way of how to print an inverted question mark. But it has two significant drawbacks. The first of these is the need to install an additional language pack. And the second - each time you enter such a character, you will need to switch to it.
ASCII codes
Another way to solve this problem is to use special ASCII codes. In this case, you need to do the following:
- Open the application in which you need to insert "¿".
- Turn on the “Num Look” key on the extended numeric keypad (its indicator light must be on).
- Switch to English language, using a keyboard shortcut or using the manipulator.
- Hold down the "Alt" key.
- We sequentially type the code "0-1-9-1" on the extended numeric keypad. After that, "¿" should appear.
Like the previous method, using ASCII codes allows given sign insert into almost any application. How to put inverted in this case? Here it is much more difficult to do this - you need to remember the code and enter "¿" with active English.
Screen keyboard
Another way is based on using the on-screen keyboard. It is implemented as follows:
- We launch the application in which you need to insert "¿".
- Install the Spanish language in the previous way.
- Launch the On-Screen Keyboard application (located in the Start menu, then All Programs, then Accessories and Accessibility).
- Switch to Spanish using a keyboard shortcut or using the manipulator.
- We find this sign on the on-screen keyboard and click on it with the left button of the manipulator once. After that, “¿” should appear in the application workspace.
This method is identical to the normal use of the keyboard, which was given earlier in the text. The only difference is that you need to run a separate utility. This additionally loads resources personal computer. But the advantage of this solution of how to write an inverted question mark is that you can visually see the key to enter this character.
symbol table
A utility such as the "Symbol Table" also allows you to enter an inverted question mark. The symbol "¿" is entered as follows:
- We run the program in which we need to add an inverted question mark.
- We go to the Start menu. In it we find "Programs", then - "Standard", then we find "System". Open the "Symbol Table" utility.
- In the list that opens, find "¿", select it and click the "Insert" button.
Special characters in Word and the clipboard
Another option on how to make an inverted question mark is to use the Word test processor and the clipboard. The algorithm for its implementation consists of the following steps:
- We launch Word.
- Go to the tab called "Insert".
- In the "Symbols" section, in the "Symbol" drop-down list, select "Other Symbols".
- In the window that opens, find "¿" and click "Insert".
- Close the Other Symbols window.
- Highlight "¿" with the mouse.
- Go to the "Home" tab and click the "Copy" button (it shows two pages with stripes).
- Then we launch the second application.
- We go to its workspace with a single click of the left mouse button.
- Press "Ctrl" and "V" at the same time.
What's better?
With a single input "¿", it is most rational to use the "Symbol Table". No additional software to solve the problem of how to write an inverted question mark, you do not need to install. At the same time, the task is solved quickly and easily. But if you need to type text in Spanish and there are a lot of such sentences, then it is better to install given language and use the combination "Shift" and "+" on the main part of the keyboard.
