The poster of the Great Patriotic War is one of the most memorable and striking artistic events in the culture of the twentieth century. Its persuasiveness and high patriotic pathos are largely due to the professionalism of Soviet poster artists, their great life experience and the ability to speak clearly using poster graphics. Today, decades after its creation, the poster of 1941-1945 has remained an ageless, sharp, combative and invocative art.
V. Koretsky (1909-1998). Our strength is incalculable. M., L., 1941.
V. Koretskii (1909-1998). Our forces are numberless. Moscow, Leningrad 1941.
2. I. Toidze (1902-1985). Motherland is here! M., L., 1941. 
Toidze (1902-1985). Your Motherland needs you! Moscow, Leningrad 1941.
3. V. Koretsky (1909-1998). Be a hero! M., L., 1941. 
V. Koretskii (1909-1998). Be a Hero! Moscow/Leningrad 1941.
4. V. Pravdin (1911-1979), Z. Pravdina (1911-#980s). Youth, fight for the Motherland! M., L., 1941. 
V. Pravdin (1911-1979), Z. Pravdina (1911-1980s). Young people, to the battle for the Motherland! Moscow, Leningrad 1941.
5. V. Serov (1910-1968). Our cause is just, victory will be ours. L., M., 1941. 
V. Serov (1910-1968). Our cause is just. We'll win the victory. Leningrad, Moscow 1941.
6. H. Zhukov (1908-1973), V. Klimashin (1912-1960). We will defend Moscow! M., L., 1941. 
N. Zhukov (1908-1973), V. Klimashin (1912-1960). We'll defend Moscow! Moscow, Leningrad 1941.
7. V. Koretsky (1909-1998). Soldier of the Red Army, save! M., L., 1942. 
V. Koretskii (1909-1998). Red Army warrior, help! Moscow, Leningrad 1942.
8. H. Zhukov (1908-1973). Something to drink to! M., L., 1942. 
N. Zhukov (1908-1973). There is something to toast to! Moscow, Leningrad 1942.
9. V. Koretsky (1909-1998). Samed goes to his death so that Semyon does not die ... M., L., 1943. 
V. Koretskii (1909-1998). Sahmed would sacrifice his life to save Semyon/ As Sahmed's life is what Semyon had fought for. / Their password’s “Motherland” and “Victory”‘s their motto! Moscow, Leningrad 1943.
10. V. Ivanov (1909-1968). We drink the water of our native Dnieper ... M., L., 1943. 
V. Ivanov (1909-1968). We drink the water of Old Father Dnieper. We'll drink from the Prut, the Neman and the Bug! Let's wash the fascist filth off the Soviet land! Moscow, Leningrad 1943.
11. V. Ivanov (1909-1968). To the west! M., L., 1943. 
V. Ivanov (1909-1968). Go West! Moscow, Leningrad 1943.
12. V. Koretsky (1909-1998). Hit it like this: whatever the cartridge is, the enemy! M., 1943. 
V. Koretskii (1909-1998). Shoot like that! Every bullet means the murdered enemy! Moscow 1943.
13. N. Zhukov (1908-1973). Beat to death! M., L., 1942. 
N. Zhukov (1908-1973). Shoot to kill! Moscow, Leningrad 1942.
14. H. Zhukov (1908-1973). The German tank will not pass here! 
M., L., 1943. N. Zhukov (1908-1973). No way for German tanks! Moscow, Leningrad 1943.
15. A. Kokorekin (1906-1959). When an armor-piercer stands in the way ... M., L., 1943. 
A. Kokorekin (1906-1959). When our armour-piercing trooper is on the way/The fascist tanks will never pass! Moscow, Leningrad 1943.
16. V. Denis (1893-1946), N. Dolgorukov (1902-1980). Stalingrad. M., L., 1942. 
V. Deni (1893-1946), N. Dolgorukov (1902-1980). Stalingrad. Moscow, Leningrad 1942.
17. V. Ivanov (1909-1968). You gave us life back! M., L., 1943. 
V. Ivanov (1909-1968). You saved our lives! Moscow, Leningrad 1943.
18. L. Golovanov (1904-1980). Let's go to Berlin! M., L., 1944. 
L. Golovanov (1904-1980). Well reach Berlin! Moscow, Leningrad 1944.
19. V. Ivanov (1909-1968). You will live happily! M., L., 1944. 
V. Ivanov (1909-1968). You will live a happy life! Moscow, Leningrad 1944.
20. A. Kokorekin (1906-1959). Warrior-winner - nationwide love! M., L., 1944. 
A. Kokorekin (1906-1959). Nation-wide love to Warrior the Winner! Moscow, Leningrad 1944.
21. N. Kochergin (1897-1974). Soviet land is finally cleared of Nazi German invaders! L., 1944. 
N. Kochergin (1897-1974). The Soviet land is completely clear of the german fascist invaders! Leningrad 1944.
V. Klimashin (1912-1960). Long live the warrior who won victory! Moscow, Leningrad 1945.
24. L. Golovanov (1904-1980). Red Army - glory! M., L., 1946. 
L. Golovanov (1904-1980). Long live the Red Army! Moscow, Leningrad 1946. (FROM INET)
Collection of posters of the Central Museum of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945. contains hundreds of works. Yellowed from time, carefully preserved in private collections, restored by museum masters, they bear traces of a bygone era, particles emotional mood people, the political and social zeitgeist.
During the war years, the political poster took a leading place among other types. visual arts. State Publishing House "Art" (Moscow and Leningrad), "Windows TASS", "Combat Pencil" (Leningrad), Studio named after M.B. Grekov, publishing houses in the republics Central Asia and Transcaucasia, cities of Siberia and Far East, in Kuibyshev, Ivanov, Rostov-on-Don, traveling editorial offices of central newspapers and teams of artists created under creative unions, art institutes - the entire gigantic propaganda industry of socialist realism worked like a well-oiled mechanism.
Perhaps nowhere in the world during the war years in the genre of political posters did such a wide range of the largest masters of their time work: D. Moor, V. Denis, A. Deineka, Kukryniksy, D. Shmarinov, G. Vereisky, S. Gerasimov, B Ioganson and others. Summer. 1941 22nd of June. Sunday. On the radio - a TASS message about the perfidious German attack on our country.
And already on June 24, the poster "We will ruthlessly defeat and destroy the enemy!" appeared on the streets of Moscow and became an integral part of the strict appearance of the capital!
Within a few days, the whole country recognized him, and a week later, the whole world. This poster was followed by others. Posters, cartoons in newspapers, "Windows TASS", book illustrations, anti-fascist leaflets for German soldiers, even packages for food concentrates sent to the front - all these diverse forms were used by artists Mikhail Kupriyanov, Porfiry Krylov and Nikolai Sokolov (Kukryniksy), forcing them to serve their purpose. Summer. 1941 End of June. Military echelons leave for the front from the Belorussky railway station. They are escorted on their way by a poster "The Motherland is calling!"
The gray-haired woman strictly and demandingly looks into your eyes. One of her hands is thrown up, the other is holding a sheet with the text of the oath ... This is how Muscovites saw the poster of Irakli Toidze, the artist who wrote the propaganda posters "I swear to defeat the enemy!", "We will force the German criminals to answer for all their atrocities!", " Salute Motherland!", "Stalin leads us to victory!" The experience of each new year of war was worth the experience whole life. 1942 "Let the noble fury boil like a wave..." The theme of revenge on the invaders becomes the leading one in the work of poster artists. Perhaps many remember notable works from this cycle by Dementy Shmarinov and Viktor Koretsky.
At the same time, posters devoted to the army and rear, the ideological and practical role of the country's leadership in organizing a rebuff to the enemy were published in mass editions. "Poster artists are very often pressed close to the events," wrote the famous artist Viktor Ivanov. With each new year of the war, the tone of the artistic canvases also changed. In 1943, the topic suggested itself. ... A soldier knocks down the "Drang nach osten" signpost installed by the Nazis with the butt of a machine gun. From now on, the wave of the campaign rushes to the west, and it seems that no force can stop this impulse. "To the west!" - the theme and name of the most popular posters of this period. 1944, 1945. The war entered a new phase. The roads of war, slow, keeping traces of retreat, where death lay in wait at every step, were left behind. Dolgorukov 1944.
Swift roads of advance, joyful roads of return and meetings become the theme of posters: "Let's get to Berlin!", "Motherland, meet the heroes!" (Leonid Golovanov), "Let's liberate Europe from the chains of fascist slavery!" (I. Toidze), "Hello, Motherland!" (Nina Vatolina), "Glory to the Winner!" (Valentin Litvinenko), "May Day greetings to the heroes of the front and rear!" (Alexey Kokorekin). The collection of memory, like the collection of the museum, firmly preserves what is no longer there, what was and has passed. Time ... He has something to be silent about, and there is something to remember. And all this remained in the posters: "Stalin is the greatness of our era" (A. Zhitomirsky), "For the Motherland! For Stalin!" (A. Efimov), "Stalin's order is an order of the Motherland" (A. Serov), "Chatterbox is a godsend for a spy" (L. Elkovich), "Comrade! Be on the alert, do not blurt out secrets to the enemy" (B. Zhukov). M. Nesterova 1945. Main monuments Stalin era blown up and destroyed. Once famous works are in inaccessible museum storerooms.
And only in Lately this cultural layer begins to gradually emerge from non-existence, revealing its unchanging face to the world. And, perhaps, the only thing in our power is to try not to distort the truth behind the dissonance of memories. This selection presents both the famous works of the masters of the political poster Soviet era, and works not so well known today, for various reasons, were not included in albums and catalogs published in recent decades. Without them, the poster annals of the Great Patriotic War would not be accurate.
The Great Patriotic War lasted 1418 days. On each of these days, thousands of events took place in thousands of places. It is almost impossible to cover and describe all these events - they all had different meaning. I decided to collect in a selection of military propaganda posters of those times
Poster Vatolin N.N. "You fought bravely with the enemy - enter, master, into new house!". 1945
Poster by V. Denis "The broom of the Red Army has swept the evil spirits to the ground!" 1945
Poster Koretsky V.B. "We have one sight - Berlin!" 1945
Poster Zhukov N.N. "Waiting for you, dear." 1945
Poster Golovanova L.F. "Let's get to Berlin!" 1944
Poster Ivanov V.S. and Burovoy O.K. "All hope is on you, red warrior!". 1943
Gordon M.A. poster "Destroy the hated" new order in Europe" and punish its builders!". 1943
Poster Koretsky V.B. "Warrior of the Red Army, save!". 1942
Poster by V. B. Koretsky "Our forces are innumerable!" 1941
Poster Zhukov N.N. and Klimashina V.S. "Defend Moscow!" 1941
Poster by V. Ivanov "For the Motherland, for honor, for freedom!" 1941
Poster I. Toidze "Motherland - Mother Calls". 1941
Wait for me and I will come back.
Just wait a lot
Wait for sadness
Yellow rain.
Wait for the snow to come
Wait when it's hot
Wait when others are not expected
Changed yesterday.
Wait when from distant places
Letters will not come.
Wait until you get bored
To all who are waiting together.
Wait for me and I will come back,
Don't be sorry for the good
To everyone who knows by heart
It's time to forget.
Let the son and mother believe
That there is no me
Let friends get tired of waiting
They sit by the fire
Drink bitter wine
For the soul...
Wait. And along with them
Don't rush to drink.
Wait for me and I will come back
All deaths out of spite.
Who did not wait for me, let him
Says lucky.
Do not understand those who did not wait, they
Like in the middle of a fire
Waiting for your
You saved me
How I survived, we will know
Only you and I
It's just that you knew how to wait
Like no one else.
Konstantin Simonov, Western Front, June 1941
Where the grass is damp from dew and from blood,
where the pupils of machine guns glare fiercely,
in full height above the front line trench
rose the conqueror of the soldiers.
The heart beat against the ribs intermittently, often.
Silence - Silence - Not in a dream, in reality.
And the infantryman said: - Get rid of it! Basta!
And noticed a violet in the moat.
And in the soul yearning for light and affection,
the joy of the former melodious stream came to life.
And the soldier bent down, and to the shot helmet
Carefully adjusted the flower.
Came to life again in the memory were alive
Moscow suburbs under snow, Stalingrad on fire.
For the first time in four unthinkable years,
Like a child, the soldier cried.
So stood the infantryman, laughing and sobbing,
trampling a prickly wattle fence with a boot.
Behind the shoulders was a young dawn,
predicting a sunny day.
During the war, the poster was the most accessible form of fine art. Capacious and clear, it displayed the whole essence at once.
Posters strengthened the morale of the soldiers. They appealed to conscience and honor, courage and bravery. And after many years, people who are far from the war, when looking at the image, do not have to think for a long time about the meaning of the picture.The so-called TASS Windows were especially popular. These are posters that were replicated manually by transferring the image with the help of stencils, and were aimed at raising the morale of soldiers, performing labor feats by the population. This type of agitation made it possible to instantly respond to ongoing events. The images came out more colorful than printed posters. When working with Windows, contrasting colors were used, short sharp phrases that "strike like shells."
There were several popular motifs in the poster art of the Great Patriotic War.
The first motive Until the last bullet! They call to stand to death, save ammo, shoot right on target. Since it is known for certain that metal for weapons was obtained by very hard work of home front workers. Most often, the central figure on such posters was the personality of a fighter, whose facial features were etched in the memory for a long time.
Another popular call was " Attack!". The posters with this motif depicted military equipment- T-35 tank, aircraft, Pe-2. Sometimes legendary heroes, commanders of past years or heroes were depicted.
Also common was the motif about fighter, victorymushingenemy in hand-to-hand combat. On these posters, a Red Army soldier was depicted as red, and a fascist as gray or black.
Widely known use cartoons in posters. Sometimes not only the enemy himself was ridiculed, but also the destructiveness and inhumanity of his actions. It is noteworthy that the artists who worked on the image always very accurately noticed the character, habits, gestures, distinctive features portrayed characters. Such a subtle impact on the souls of people through a poster required not only a long painstaking work on the study of German newsreels, photographs of Hitler, Goebbels, Goering, Himmler and others, but also the skill of a psychologist.
No less popular was the motive Death to child killers. Such posters usually depicted the suffering or death of children, there were calls for help and protection.
motive Do not chat! urged the local population to be vigilant.
There was an appeal to the population to collect scrap metal, to work without absenteeism, to harvest to the last grain, to bring victory closer with every blow of the hammer.
With regard to posters, paintings and images, it is better to see once than to read their description a hundred times. We bring to your attention the most famous posters of the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945.
Posters of the Great Patriotic War 1941-1945
Poster text: Conquest of the world! Cabal to the peoples! - Fascist rate. Red Army Amendment!
Artist, year: Victor Denis (Denisov), 1943
Main motive: caricature
Brief explanation: Hitler's overconfidence was ridiculed. They tried to remove the fear of the enemy from the soldiers of the Red Army, portraying Hitler as ridiculous and ridiculous.
Poster text: Take revenge!
Artist, year: Shmarinov D., 1942
Main motive:Death to the child killers
Brief explanation:The poster raises the subject of the suffering of Soviet citizens in the occupied territories. The poster shows a full-length woman holding murdered daughter. The suffering and grief of this woman is silent, but so touching. In the background of the poster is the glow from the conflagration. One word "Revenge" raises a storm of indignation and anger towards the fascist barbarians.
Poster text:Dad, kill the German!
Artist, year: Nesterova N., 1942
Main motive:Death to the child killers
Brief explanation:The poster depicted the suffering of the people in the occupied territories.He evoked fierce hatred for the enemy, who encroached on the most sacred - women and children.The slogan on the poster was based on a phrase from Konstantin Simonov's poem "Kill him!"
Poster text:Hit like this: whatever the shell, then the tank!
Artist, year: V.B. Koretsky, 1943
Main motive:Until the last bullet!
Brief explanation:The poster encourages soldiers to improve their combat skills.
Poster text:Encircled fighter, fight up to last drop blood!
Artist, year: HELL. Kokosh, 1941
Main motive:Fighter defeating the enemy in hand-to-hand combat
Brief explanation:Called to stand to death, to fight with the last of his strength.
Poster text:Death to the Nazi invaders!
Artist, year:N.M. Avvakumov, 1944
Main motive: Attack!
Brief explanation:The poster called the fighters to selflessly go into battle, attack . In the background, tanks and planes are depicted, which are rapidly rushing into battle against enemies. This is a kind of symbol of the fact that all forces are concentrated in the fight against the Germans, that all military equipment goes into battle behind the Soviet soldier, instilling fear in the Nazis and confidence in the Soviet soldiers.
Poster text:This is what the German beast looks like now! So that we can breathe and live - to finish off the beast! (on the drum - lightning war, behind the belt - the extermination of the Slavs, on the flag - total mobilization)
Artist, year: Victor Denis (Denisov), 1943
Main motive: Caricature
Brief explanation:The artist depicts a ragged, tormented German beast in a caricature form. The beaten German can see all his slogans with which he so presumptuously attacked Russia. The author, exposing the German as ridiculous and pitiful, tried to add courage and remove fear from the soldiers.
Poster text:To Moscow! Hoh! From Moscow: oh!
Artist, year: Victor Denis (Denisov), 194 2
Main motive: Caricature
Brief explanation:The poster is dedicated great battle for Moscow and the failure of the plan lightning war(Blitzkrieg).
Poster text:Motherland is calling! (Text of the military oath)
Artist, year: I. Toidze, 1941
Main motive: Attack!
Brief explanation: Artist p It places an integral monolithic silhouette on the plane of the sheet, uses a combination of only two colors - red and black. Thanks to the low horizon, the poster is monumental. But the main force of the influence of this poster lies in the psychological content of the image itself - in the expression of the excited face of a simple woman, in her calling gesture.
Poster text:Do not chat! Be on the alert, on such days the walls eavesdrop. Not far from chatter and gossip to treason.
Artist, year: Vatolina N., Denisov N., 1941
Main motive: Do not chat!
Brief explanation:Before the very beginning of the Great Patriotic War and during its years on the territory Soviet Union, especially in the border regions, there were many German sabotage groups and spies. These groups carried out various acts of sabotage - violations and breaks in power lines and communications, destruction of important military and civilian facilities, disruption of water supply in cities and destruction wooden bridges, as well as the killing of military and party workers and technicians. These days, the task arose to bring to the attention of the population the need to be careful and vigilant in conversations and communication, especially with strangers.
Poster text:Comrade! Remember that a well-dressed and warmly dressed fighter will hit the enemy even harder.
Artist, year:A. and V. Kokorekin, 1942
Main motive:All for the front, all for victory
Brief explanation:The poster calls to mobilize all the means of the population and give everything they need to the soldiers who are fighting for the Motherland.
Poster text:The Red Army is a formidable step! The enemy will be destroyed in the lair! Conquest of the world. Slavery to the peoples. Fascism. Hitler, Goering, Goebbels, Himmler.
Artist, year: Victor Denis (Denisov), 1945
Main motive:Attack! Caricature.
Brief explanation:The poster makes you think about the atrocities of German fascism against humanity.
Poster text:Victory will be in the country where women and men are equal. Comrade woman! Your son is fighting like a hero at the front. And the daughter goes to the RoKK team. And you strengthen our rear: dig a trench deeper, go to the machine. And drive your own tractor instead of the drivers now driving the tanks. You sister women! You citizen mothers! Take a crowbar, a shovel, a steering wheel, a cutter! For realunderstand, finally, the stronger the rear - the firmer the step of the armies, and the sooner the enemy will die!
Artist, year: I. Astapov, I. Kholodov, 1941
Main motive:All for the front, all for victory!
Brief explanation:The poster bears a political coloring on the superiority of a society where men and women are equal, especially during the war, when men fight at the fronts, women ensure the reliability of the rear.
Poster text:Blood for blood, death for death!
Artist, year: Alex and Sittaro, 1942
Main motive:Death to child killers; Attack!
Brief explanation:The poster is aimed at suggesting the inevitability of victory over the enemy and his complete expulsion from Soviet soil.
Poster text: Beat to death!
Artist, year:Nikolai Zhukov, 1942
Main motive:Until the last bullet!
Brief explanation: About to the soldiers of the Red Army to beat the enemy harder for the sake of saving mothers, children and the Motherland.The poster is designed to raise the morale of the soldiers.
Poster text:Soldier of the Red Army, save!
Artist, year:Victor Koretsky, 1942 year
Main motive:Death to the child killers
Brief explanation:The poster evoked hatred of the enemy among the fighters.The dramatic power of this poster is striking to this day. The most difficult stage of the war for the Russian people was reflected in the work of Koretsky. The ancient motif - a mother with a child in her arms - receives a completely different interpretation in the poster than we are used to seeing in the paintings of the masters of the past. In this work, there are no idyllic features, cordiality and warmth, which are usually present in scenes with mother and child, here the mother is depicted protecting her child from danger. On the one hand, in the poster we see an unequal clash of two forces: cold, bloody weapons on the one hand, and two defenseless human figures- with another. But at the same time, the poster does not make a depressing impression, due to the fact that Koretsky was able to show strength and deep rightness Soviet woman, despite the fact that there are no weapons in her hands, she symbolizes the strength and spirit of the Russian people, who will not bow before the aggressor. With its protest against violence and death, the poster heralds the coming victory. With help simple means Koretsky's work inspires strength and confidence, becomes at the same time an appeal, a request, and an order; so expressed in it is the danger hanging over people and the hope that never leaves them.
Poster text:There is no such force that would enslave us. Kuzma Minin. Let the courageous image of our great ancestors inspire you in this war! I. Stalin.
Artist, year:V. Ivanov, O. Burova, 1942
Main motive: Attack!
Brief explanation:The poster contains a second symbolic plan depicting the liberation of the Motherland by Kuzma Minin from the invaders. Thus, even the great heroes of the past call on the soldiers to fight and fight for their homeland.
Poster text:Combat menu to the enemy for each day.The Russian-style treat begins with an appetizer. Pies are excellent with various fillings...Then, a little soup, navy borscht and okroshka. For the second cue balls in Cossack style and shish kebab in Caucasian style and for dessert - jelly.
Artist, year: N. Muratov, 1941
Main motive: Caricature
Brief explanation:The poster is made in a satirical style and enhances confidence in victory Soviet people over the enemy.
Poster text:The enemy is insidious - be on the alert!
Artist, year:V. Ivanov, O. Burova, 194 5 year
Main motive: Do not chat
Brief explanation:The poster calls for the vigilance of the population and soldiers.The plot of the poster reminds us that a fascist criminal can be hidden under virtue.
Poster text:TASS window No. 613 A German went to the Volga to get drunk - a Fritz was hit in the teeth,
I had to take off running, - my side aches, my back hurts. It can be seen that the Volga water is not suitable for a fascist, it is cold for a Fritz, salty!
Artist, year: P. Sargsyan
Main motive: Caricature
Brief explanation: The poster emphasizes the idea that the Russian people are invincible and the enemy will still be defeated.
IN Soviet time posters were one of the most widespread means of mass propaganda. With the help of posters, talented artists expressed the will of the people, called for certain actions, pointed out the good and bad sides of life, instilled in people self-esteem, a sense of patriotism and love for their country, their people. Soviet posters dealt with the most different sides life and affected almost everything that happened in society. For all the time, a huge number of posters have been created that condemn drunkenness, talk about the benefits of work and sports, show in good light life in Russia and point to the shortcomings of the West. However, the most striking, most important, deepest, touching and even tragic are the posters of the Great Patriotic War.
Soviet posters of the times Great Patriotic War 1941-1945 call on all the people of the vast country to oppose fascism. In the most vivid and graphic images, they show all the horror of war and all the inhumanity of fascism, which decided to conquer the world. Posters during the war were one of the mass stimulating means of agitation, acting on a par with newspapers and radio. Many of these posters have become so famous that they are still used today and are considered true masterpieces of poster art. These posters can touch the heart, awaken special feelings even now, when many decades have passed since that terrible war that claimed the lives of millions of soldiers and civilians.
The creation of campaign posters was carried out by talented artists whose names remained in the history of the fine arts of the Soviet period. The most famous artists of this genre were Dmitry Moor, Victor Denis, Mikhail Cheremnykh, Toidze Irakli Moiseevich, Kokorekin Alexey Alekseevich, Ivanov Viktor Semenovich, Koretsky Viktor Borisovich, the group of artists "", the group of artists "Windows TASS" and others. In their art, they created majestic, memorable and inspiring images, a tense plot that appealed to sincere feelings, and also accompanied their works with vivid phrases that were remembered and stuck in memory. Without a doubt, the art of the propaganda poster contributed to the formation of the feeling of patriotism of the people of that time, because it was not for nothing that propaganda and agitation were then called the third front of the Great Patriotic War.
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