City flag.
Coat of arms of the city.
Tuzla(Bosnian, Serbian and Croatian Tuzla) is a city and community in Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the 1991 census, the city has 83,770 inhabitants. Tuzla is the third largest city in the country after Sarajevo and Banja Luka. According to administrative division Bosnia and Herzegovina, is the center of the Tuzla Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
History. The first mention of the city refers to 950 under the name of Soli. In 1640 the city became part of Ottoman Empire, becoming one of the main centers of salt extraction. The first document that has survived to this day, confirming the operation of the Ottoman salt mines, dates back to 1548. The economic development of the city began in the 17th century, when it became an important center for crafts and administrative center sanjak of Zvornik. Among the many buildings built during the Ottoman rule, the most valuable is the Turalibeg Mosque, built in the 16th century. On December 21-28, 1920, in the village of Khusino, not far from the city, a miners' uprising took place - one of the most important actions of the proletariat of Bosnia and Herzegovina. On October 2, 1943, partisan armed formations of the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia liberated Tuzla from the power of the Ustashe and the German occupation in general. Tuzla - the only city in Bosnia and Herzegovina, in which the nationalist parties won the elections in 1991. Although, in general, the anti-nationalist bloc won those elections, receiving 68% of the vote. During the Bosnian war of 1992-1995, Tuzla was the most defended city in the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina, despite attempts by the Serbs to take control of the city. On July 17, 1998, UNHCR declared Tuzla an open city.
View of the city.
Geography and climate. Tuzla is located in the northeastern part of Bosnia. The area of the community is 302 km². Height above sea level - 231 meters. In the northwest it is surrounded by the Majevica mountain range (Croatian Majevica), in the southwest by the mountains of Ozren, Konyukh and Javornik. on the Yala River (Croatian Jala). The climate is temperate continental. Around Tuzla there are rich deposits of coal. There are 6 coal mines throughout the city. Most of coal mined in the area is sent to the Tuzla power plant (Croatian Termoelektrane Tuzla), the largest in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It borders on the communities of Srebrenik and Lopare in the north and northeast, Kalesia in the southeast, Zivinica in the south, and the community of Lukavac in the west.
Industry. Tuzla is one of the largest, after Sarajevo and Banja Luka, the industrial center of Bosnia and Herzegovina. There are many factories in the community chemical industry, food, beverage and heavy industry.
Monument to writer M. Selimovich and artist I. Muezinovich.
Cultural heritage. First of all, it is represented by architectural monuments. These are, for example, a monument to the miners - participants in the Khusin uprising, the Archaeological Park, the monument to the writer Mesha Selimovich and the artist Ismet Muezinovich (these two monuments, located opposite each other, form, as it were, a single complex).
Tuzla Island (Crimea, Russia) - detailed description, location, reviews, photos and videos.
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Tuzla Island is one of the little-known sights of the Crimean peninsula. Located in the southern part of the Kerch Strait, the sandy island has the shape of an arc with a length of 6 km and is located between two seas - the Black and Azov. Due to the constant ebb and flow of the tide, the island has repeatedly changed its shape, and once it was completely part of Taman Peninsula. Today, Tuzla is not crowded sandy beaches, the purest water, a climate favorable for recreation and a wide variety of flora and fauna. There are not dozens of hotels and tourist centers on the island, the infrastructure of Tuzla is far from the level of large Crimean resorts, but it is this factor that makes the island unique. If you dream of taking a break from the noise of civilization and enjoying a "wild" holiday alone with nature, Tuzla will be the perfect place to visit.
Tuzla Island is not crowded sandy beaches, clear sea, rich nature and peaceful rest from the noise of civilization.
How to get there
You can get to Tuzla Island by ferry or on your own. Excursions to the island are not organized.
Island infrastructure
There are two recreation centers on the island of Tuzla. One of them is "Two Seas", it is a complex of several dozen houses. Each house is equipped with necessary furniture: beds, bedside tables, refrigerator, table and chairs. The kitchen on the territory of the complex is shared, there is also a room for watching TV, billiards and table tennis. In addition, volleyball and football grounds, rental of catamarans and boats are at the service of tourists. There is also a first-aid post on Tuzla and public toilet. The sights of the island include the once prosperous, and now abandoned village, which used to be an integral part of Kerch. Fans of extreme tourism will appreciate the mysterious and gloomy atmosphere of abandoned buildings and houses.
Among the shortcomings, it is worth noting the absence of any cafes and catering on the island, so it is better to purchase food outside of Tuzla or in a local shop.
Island nature
Perhaps, main reason, because of which it is worth going to Tuzla, is nature and unity with it. So crystal clear sea water can hardly be found in other places of the Crimea. Moreover, due to the location of the island, you can enjoy swimming in several seas at once. Hermit crabs, rapans, various fish and other marine life live on their shores. Often, swimming dolphins can be observed near the island. The sight is truly breathtaking! Tuzla fishing enthusiasts will definitely like it - the catch here is simply wonderful: flounder, gobies, mullet, garfish, anchovy and other inhabitants of the seas will be easily caught even by beginners.
Fishing is especially good in the western part of the island, where local fishermen settled.
Tuzla Island
On the island itself, steppe bushy terrain prevails. In some parts of Tuzla, trees grow under which you can hide from the scorching midday sun. At night, mosquitoes are especially active, so do not forget to stock up on insect bites. If you are not a fussy tourist and do not depend too much on comfortable conditions, Tuzla will give you an unforgettable holiday experience on wild nature islands.
Tuzla city located in the northeast. It is the third largest city in the country. The first written mention of the city dates back to 950, when it was under the jurisdiction of Hungary. Tuzla comes from the Turkish word for "salt", as there are large deposits of this mineral in the vicinity of the city. In the middle of the 17th century, Tuzla became part of the Ottoman Empire and the main center for the extraction of salt. At the same time, the city began its economic development, becoming a place of concentration of various crafts. Today, more than 174 thousand inhabitants live in the city. Tuzla has long been popular among tourists, because it is here that the only salt lake in Europe is located.
Sights of the city of Tuzla
Despite all its antiquity, the city cannot offer guests and tourists a wide variety of attractions. Among the main monuments, it is worth highlighting Memorial Complex"Slana-Banya", monuments to Meshe Selimovic and Ismet Muezinovich, as well as a mosque. Also, be sure to visit central square cities - Kapiyskaya. All year round hundreds of thousands of tourists come to Tuzla who seek to spend their holidays on the Black Sea coast. The city is also known for its balneological properties; mineral and mud springs are located on its territory. Many modern wellness and spa centers have been built here.
Cuisine and restaurants
The gastronomic traditions of Tuzla, as well as throughout Bosnia and Herzegovina, were influenced by South Slavic, German, Mediterranean and Turkish cuisines. Local restaurants offer a variety of vegetable and meat dishes. In addition, dairy products are widely used in cooking. Of the seafood, fish is especially popular, which is fried, put in pies, and also in salads.
shopping
Tuzla will not let fans of good shopping get bored either. Here you can buy quality items made of sheep wool and wine. In addition, Tuzla has its own brewery, which was founded in 1884. However, the plant produces only one type of beer, Tuzlanski pilsner. Also, as a pleasant treat, many tourists bring various sweets, such as baklava, halva and Turkish delight. Among the products, olives are in special demand. highest quality. Souvenir products are represented by handmade wood products.
What do you know about Bosnia? You may have heard about the siege of Sarajevo in 1992-1996. If you were interested in the First World War, then you heard about the assassination attempt on the Austrian Archduke Franz Ferdinand, which led to the outbreak of the First World War. The journey through Bosnia began from the city of Tuzla, in the north of the country - the industrial center of the Tuzla canton.
1. As I said in my post about, Yugoslavia is a cauldron in which there is constant enmity. Of all the Yugoslav wars of the 90s of the last century, a special fate went to Bosnia due to the fact that enough Bosnian Muslims, Croat Catholics, Orthodox Serbs and Montenegrins are mixed here. As you can imagine, relations between the nations began to develop unsweetened after the collapse of Yugoslavia.
Morning Tuzla meets us with empty streets:
2. The old city begins:
3. Bosnian Muslims make up the majority of the city's population - 50%, so the minarets of mosques stick out. Bosnian Muslims are also Slavs, if this is a discovery for someone. Slavs, only southern:
4. The name of the city of Tuzla comes from the Turkish tuz - salt. It was clear to me anyway, the same thing means in Kazakh, because. tuz is salt in Kazakh:
5. The city wakes up:
6. Central market:
7. Barber Shop for Men:
8. Bosnia is poor:
9. Kindling the oven for baking bread:
10. Old City:
12. Of course, on every trip I try something from the local dishes. The most famous Bosnian and generally Balkan dish is Cevapcici or chevapchichi in Russian. It is a grilled sausage made from beef with onions and spices. In Bosnia, cevapcici or cevapi wrapped in a cake with chopped onions. The cake is soaked with fat from sausages, which makes the dish especially nutritious and satisfying. A local feature of cooking - chevapchichi smell of ash. Wash down this dish with kefir and liquid yogurt. In Bosnian, kefir is a liquid yogurt :)
13. Let's go back to the city:
14. Crossroads:
15. Courtyard of the house:
16. No, not a monument to the Yugoslav wars. Monument to the miners' uprising of 1920 - one of the most important actions of the proletariat of Bosnia and Herzegovina:
17. Central fire station:
18. On the outskirts you can find very well-made houses with good decoration inside the yards. Whoever wanted to - went to Germany and earned:
19. Tuzla central bus station, from where you can go to Sarajevo, for example:
20. With a free toilet:
21.
22. As if he was transported into his Kazakh past:
23. In Tuzla there is a functioning station:
24. During the Bosnian war of 1992-1995, Tuzla was the most peaceful city in Bosnia and Herzegovina, despite being close to the border with Serbia. Of course, someone will now object that it was not Serbia and Bosnia that fought, but these were internal strife between the Muslim Bosnian and Serb populations, but we know something ... Traces of the war are still visible on the houses in some places.
And it is one of the three largest cities in the country. In ancient times, salt deposits were discovered on the site of the future Tuzla, which gave the city its name: until 950 it was called Soli, later the name changed to Tuzla (from the Turkic word - tuzlu - "salty").
History of TuzlaArchaeological excavations confirm that various settlements have been located on the territory of the present city of Tuzla since the Neolithic era. Salt mining allowed local population actively develop trade relations with neighboring peoples. One has only to look where Tuzla is located on the map, and it will become obvious that the city has always been a tasty morsel for great empires. The Turks were the first to pay attention to it, and from 1510 Tuzla became an outpost of the Ottoman Empire. After almost 400 years of Muslim rule, the city was annexed by Austria-Hungary. After the collapse of this empire, Tuzla became part of the Yugoslav Kingdom. During World War II, the territory was controlled by the Ustaše. Overthrow fascist regime happened in 1943 by the People's Liberation Army of Yugoslavia. IN Bosnian war 1992-1995 the city was the most protected from attacks by the Serbs, but there were many sad incidents in it. As one of the largest industrial centers in Bosnia and Herzegovina, Tuzla experienced a huge economic downturn in early 2014. Today, Tuzla, whose photos adorn tourist brochures about Bosnia, is a developing city with great potential.
Tuzla TourismSince the time of the Ottoman Empire, many monuments have remained on the territory of the city. The most valuable is the Turalibeg mosque built in the 16th century. Are of interest Orthodox Church and a Franciscan monastery, and the nearest Catholic Church, with a 200-year history, is located in the neighboring town of Breska. For those who are interested in cultural recreation, Tuzla offers a lot of exhibitions and festivals. under patronage famous writer Mesa Selimovic in the city of Tuzla, an annual book festival is held, where the awarding of the best author who has written a novel in the languages of Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro takes place. Art lovers should visit the Tuzla National Theater and the Portrait Gallery, which hosts continuous exhibitions of local and foreign artists. But the biggest attraction for tourists is Pannonian Lake, located in the city center. This is the only reminder of the existence of the Pannonian Sea, which dried up about 10 million years ago. Since 2003, the unique salt composition has been under the vigilant control of world environmental organizations. To attract tourists, a Neolithic archaeological park was opened in 2008, where you can admire the second lake with artificial waterfalls. And for active entertainment in 2012, a third lake and a large water park were built.
How to get there?Near the city is
