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Terms of the Andrusov armistice 1667. Andrusov armistice

On February 9, 1667, an armistice was signed in the village of Andrusovo between Moscow and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which ended the 13-year Russian-Polish war.

An armed conflict between the parties occurred in 1654, being a direct continuation of the uprising Bohdan Khmelnytsky, and the territory of modern Ukraine and Belarus became the theater of hostilities. Cossack uprising against the national and religious Polish oppression began in 1648 and was quite successful at the initial stage - after a series of defeats, Warsaw was forced to conclude the Zboriv Peace Treaty and grant the Cossacks autonomy. However, after the resumption of hostilities, the Polish army won a number of impressive victories and Khmelnytsky, realizing the threat of complete defeat, turned to Moscow for military assistance. In October 1653, Russia entered the war, and in January 1654, after the famous Rada in Periaslavl, the rebellious hetman swore allegiance to the tsar Alexey Mikhailovich.

The ensuing Russian-Polish war dragged on for 13 long years, although it was not continuous, but consisted of several campaigns. The armed confrontation proceeded with varying success and was burdened by an extremely difficult foreign policy environment- so in 1656 the belligerent parties had to conclude an armistice in the face of a common enemy. Using favorable environment, Sweden intervened in the war - King Charles X with a 20,000-strong army captured Warsaw and Krakow, and at the same time the Swedish troops deployed fighting against the Russians in the Baltics. However, after the Polish king Jan Casimir captured both capitals from the Swedes and forced them to retreat to Denmark, the Russian-Polish war flared up again. By the way, this circumstance forced the Moscow tsar in the summer of 1658 to hastily conclude an unprofitable truce with the Swedes, retaining only a part of the conquered Livonia, and later Peter I had to take Noteburg and Nyenskans again.

The death of Khmelnitsky allowed Poland to turn the tide of the war in its favor - the new hetman Ivan Vyhovsky went over to her side and, together with the Poles and the Crimean Khan Mehmed, inflicted a number of defeats on the Russian troops. However, the hetman himself was soon overthrown by the Cossacks, who again swore allegiance to Russia, led by the son of Bogdan Khmelnitsky, Yuri. However, the alliance with the new hetman for Moscow again proved to be short-lived - the result of Yuri's betrayal was the crushing defeat of the Russian army at Chudnov in the fall of 1660. Having concluded a secret treaty with the Poles, the hetman did not come to join the Russian troops of Sheremetyev, as a result of which they were defeated by the superior Polish-Crimean forces, and Sheremetyev himself was captured.

The last significant chord of this grueling war was the campaign of 1663-1664. Polish king Jan-Kazimierz, joining with Crimean Tatars and right-bank Cossacks, launched an offensive on the Left-Bank Ukraine. One large offensive operation the king hoped to decide the outcome of the entire war in his favor, but he did not succeed. With initial success, the coalition forces soon encountered fierce resistance and were forced to scatter their forces and spend time capturing cities, as a result of which they lost the initiative. After unsuccessful attempt capture Glukhov and defeat from the Russians at Novgorod-Seversky, the offensive of Jan-Casimir finally choked up. The Russian army and the Left Bank Cossacks launched a counteroffensive, pushing back the invading army across the Dnieper and shifting the hostilities to the Right Bank.

As a result of the exhaustion of the sides from the long war, further hostilities practically ceased, which forced Moscow and Warsaw in search of a "diplomatic solution" in 1666 to begin peace negotiations. In winter, they were completed, and on February 9, 1667, in the village of Andrusovo near Smolensk, Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin and Jerzy Glebovich signed an armistice, unanimously deciding to do without the signatures of Cossack representatives on both sides. Under the terms of the armistice, Poland recognized the Left Bank Ukraine as part of Russia and, in addition, transferred to it part of the territories lost during the Time of Troubles. Smolensk, the lands of Chernigov, Starodubskaya and Severskaya became Russians again. In addition, Kiev was transferred to the temporary two-year control of Moscow, which the Kremlin did not return. Finally, it was annexed to Russia in 1686 under Princess Sophia.

Plan
Introduction
1 Representatives of the parties
2 Conditions of the Andrusov agreement
3 Value
3.1 Significance in the history of Belarus
3.2 Significance in the history of Ukraine
3.3 Significance in the history of Russia

Bibliography

Introduction

The Andrusov armistice is an agreement concluded in 1667 between Russia and the Commonwealth for 13.5 years. The armistice ended the war that lasted from 1654 over the territories modern Ukraine and Belarus. The name comes from the village of Andrusovo (now the Smolensk region), in which it was signed.

1. Representatives of the parties

The Andrusovo truce was signed on January 30 by Afanasy Ordin-Nashchekin and Jerzy Glebovich in the village of Andrusovo near Smolensk. Cossack ambassadors were not allowed to sign the armistice.

2. Terms of the Andrusov agreement

· An armistice was established between Russia and the Commonwealth for a period of 13.5 years, during which the states had to prepare the conditions for "eternal peace."

· Rzeczpospolita returned to Russia Smolensk, Chernigov voivodeship, Starodubsky povet, Seversk land, and also recognized the reunification of Left-Bank Ukraine with Russia.

· Russia refused to conquer Lithuania.

· Right-bank Ukraine and Belarus remained under the control of the Commonwealth.

· Kiev was transferred to Russia for a period of two years. However, Russia managed to keep him and secure his ownership in an agreement with Poland in 1686 after paying 146 thousand rubles.

· The Zaporizhzhya Sich passed under the joint Russian-Polish administration "for their common service from the advancing Basurman forces."

· The parties pledged to provide assistance to the Cossacks in the event of an attack on the Ukrainian lands of Russia and the Commonwealth of the Crimean Tatars.

· In special articles of the treaty, the procedure for the return of prisoners, church property and the demarcation of lands was regulated.

· The right of free trade between Russia and the Commonwealth was guaranteed, as well as the diplomatic immunity of ambassadors.

3. Value

3.1. Significance in the history of Belarus

For the territories of the ON, which included Belarusian lands, the conditions of reconciliation were as follows: Moscow abandoned Lithuania and Belarus, captured by its troops, but left Smolensk with its surroundings, which were conquered by the Commonwealth in Troubled times... One of the articles of reconciliation gave Moscow the right to intercession for the Orthodox inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

The northern Belarus conquered by the Russian kingdom - Vitebsk, Polotsk, as well as Livonia (Dinaburg), Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich returned to the Commonwealth. The treatise reflected a compromise on both sides: Moscow, although it did not manage to retain everything it conquered, greatly increased its territory, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, unable to recapture everything that was lost, returned some important lands... Both sides also hoped that the Andrusovo truce was only temporary and that its conditions would be revised in 13 years.

All the prisoners taken out during the years of the war to the Russian kingdom (as, by the way, the valuables taken away) remained there for the years of reconciliation. Only the gentry, soldiers, clergy and Cossacks with the Tatars are an insignificant part the total prisoners - received the formal right to return, but not everyone was able to use it. The Belarusian gentry served in the distant Siberian outskirts. Ordinary people, who were usually turned into slaves in the Muscovite state, no one was going to return. In Moscow alone, after the war, the prisoners withdrawn from Belarus made up about 10 percent of the townspeople's population. Many Belarusians were in other cities of the kingdom - in Astrakhan, Velikiye Luki, Novgorod, Toropets, Tver and others.

3.2. Significance in the history of Ukraine

According to N. I. Kostomarov, the results of the armistice were a blow to the Cossacks, the legal confirmation of the actual division of Ukrainian lands took place without their participation. The terms of the armistice caused disagreement among the Cossack foremen, which led to the betrayal of Hetman Ivan Bryukhovetsky. On the instructions of the hetman, the Russian administration was expelled from the territory of the Hetmanate and a decision was made to transfer Ukraine under the Turkish protectorate. However, soon the right-bank hetman Pyotr Doroshenko spoke out against him. Colonels and Cossacks betrayed Bryukhovetsky, united with Doroshenko's Cossacks and gave him their hetman. By order of Doroshenko, Hetman Bryukhovetsky was torn to pieces by the crowd.

3.3. Significance in the history of Russia

In the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, the Andrusov truce, concluded in a difficult external and internal situation, is considered as an important step for Russia on the way to the unification of three eastern Slavic peoples.

Although the Andrusov armistice did not resolve a number of difficult issues(for example, Russia did not receive Livonia and access to Baltic Sea), thanks to him, Russia was able to return the lands that belonged to her before the Time of Troubles (and even more). It also led to a rapprochement between Russia and the Commonwealth on the basis of a joint struggle against Ottoman Empire.

Bibliography:

1. Boguslavsky V.V., Kuksina E.I. Article "Andrusov truce" // Slavic encyclopedia. Kievan Rus- Muscovy. - M .: Olma-Press, 2001 .-- T. 2. - S. 56. - 816 p. - ISBN 5-224-02249-5

2. Ignatoўski, U. Karotki nrys from the history of Belarus (Tretsi period of the XVI - XVIII centuries) (Belarusian).

3. “Ukrainian Cossacks. Mala entsiklopediya "/ Ch. ed. F.G. Turchenko. - Kiev: "Genesa", 2002. - S. 15. - 568 p. - ISBN 966-504-244-6

4. A relative of the history of Ukraine. - 2002. - side. 25.

5. Dovidnik from the history of Ukraine. // Bryukhovetskiy Ivan Martinovich. Kiev: "Genesa". - 2002. - side. 89-90.

6. L. N. Kopylov Andrusov armistice 1667. Big Soviet encyclopedia, 3rd edition .

7. Andrusovskoe truce. January 30, 1667. Federal system educational portals... Project "Pedagogy of secondary schools". Publishing house "Education".

In 1667, the military conflict between the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and Russia ended. The end of any hostilities is accompanied by the signing of a peace treaty. This was signed after the conflict between Poland and Russia in the village of Andrusovo - modern Smolensk region.

Historical terms of the agreement

The Russian-Polish war was the result of a confrontation between two states, which had territorial claims to land. The reason for the start of hostilities was the decree Zemsky Cathedral about the acceptance of the Cossacks into Russian citizenship - this was repeatedly asked by the hetman and leader of the National Liberation Revolution Bogdan Khmelnitsky.

The start of the war was successful for the Russian side, but suddenly Sweden attacks Poland. Under these conditions, he signs the Vilna truce with Russia. Purpose - It became easier for Poland to defend against Sweden. What did the other side of the contract get? Russia got the opportunity to start its campaign against Sweden, which soon happened.

A significant factor in the end of the Russian-Polish war was the death of the Hetmanate plunged into the Ruin ( civil war) - due to the split, one part of the Cossacks went over to the side of the Commonwealth. In fact, the territory of Ukraine was divided along the Dnieper. The Andrusov armistice in a few years will consolidate the fact of the split.

The waging of wars on different fronts by the parties to the conflict led to the complete weakening of both Russia and Poland. At the final stage of the war, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth was defeated by Russian troops near the White Church and Korsun. The fighting subsided due to the exhaustion of human and material resources... In this state, the parties approached the signing of a peace treaty.

Reasons for concluding a truce

Any truce in history has always two reasons: one side is clearly weaker than the other and accepts the terms of the winner. There is another option - the belligerent countries are equally depleted and need a reasonable settlement of the conflict.

What can be called the reasons for the signing of the Andrusovo truce?

The war had exhausted itself - there was no longer the strength and need to conduct hostilities.
The Vilna truce laid the foundation for a future major treaty.
The Russian-Swedish War began - Russia was uncomfortable fighting on two fronts.
The desire to take control of the Hetmanate, where a large-scale civil war unfolded.
Strengthening and activating a new enemy - the Ottoman Empire.

Signing of the agreement: representatives of the parties

The conclusion of an armistice began to be discussed in many disputes, territorial claims were aroused, the insults for the broken Polyanovsky peace were recalled. Diplomatic battles could last for several more years, but the situation in the Hetmanate changed the situation. Petro Doroshenko, who proclaimed himself the hetman of all Ukraine, accepted the protectorate of Crimea. Thus, Poland lost the Khanate as its ally. In such a situation, Russia was able to strengthen its position in the negotiations.

The treaty was signed on January 30 (February 9), 1667. Russia was represented by the famous diplomat and politician Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin. The Andrusov truce with the Commonwealth is his idea. The diplomat insisted on signing an agreement in order to strengthen ties with Poland to fight against Sweden and spread Russia's influence throughout Europe. This politician enjoyed influence at the court of Alexei Mikhailovich.

The Andrusov truce, as a significant event in the 17th century, is known thanks to the documents of Ordin-Nashchokin. There are very few documents by which it would be possible to trace in detail the history of the signing of the agreement, and they provide fragmentary information.

The Polish side was represented by Yuri Glebovich - politician, diplomat, statesman... The signing of the Andrusov armistice is also considered his merit, for which he was awarded by the king of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Representatives from the Cossacks were not allowed to negotiate the treaty.

Armistice terms

After settling all controversial issues the Andrusov armistice was signed. The parties entered into an agreement for thirteen and a half years. This period was allotted for the preparation of the "Eternal Peace" project. Basically, the treaty concerned the division of territories and spheres of influence.

Russia, under the terms of the agreement, received control over Chernigov, Starodubshchina, Seversk land, Left-Bank Ukraine. Lithuanian conquests were canceled. The Andrusiv armistice of 1667 guaranteed Poland control over the territories Right-bank Ukraine and Belarus. The joint administration of the two monarchies extended to Zaporozhye. In the event of an attack by the Tatars, the parties to the contract were to provide military aid to the Cossacks. According to the terms of the armistice, Kiev was to remain under the control of Russia for 2 years.

The agreement regulated the procedure for the return of prisoners after the war, the division of church property. The treaty had clauses regulating economic relations between the countries - one of the articles enshrined the right to free trade between Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

Significance of the conclusion of the contract

Andrusov truce with Poland Russian historians is estimated ambiguously. Some call it a forced step, which they took because of the need to end the military conflict. Others note positive points signing a treaty - rapprochement with Poland, which could become an ally in the fight against the Ottoman Empire. In addition, Russia has regained some of the lost lands. The armistice is answered by the fact that it was not possible to conquer the outlet to the Baltic Sea, which was planned at the beginning of hostilities.

Effects

The treaty is considered a significant step towards the unification of the Slavic peoples, although many foreign policy problems have not been resolved. For the Ukrainian lands, the truce had Negative consequences- the division of the territories along the Dnieper was legally fixed. A significant blow was dealt to the Cossacks as a social stratum. The struggle for power in the Hetmanate intensified. Part of the Belarusian lands passed to Poland.

The Andrusov truce is an important international treaty that marked the end of hostilities, but marked the beginning of some political strife.

The Andrusov armistice with the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth 1667 The Andrusovsky Armistice is a treaty signed in 1667 between Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which ended the confrontation in 1654-1667. The contract was signed in the village of Andrusovo. The conflict began over the territories of Ukraine and Belarus. The agreement was signed on February 9, while the Cossack ambassadors were not present at the signing of the agreement, since they were simply not allowed in. On the part of Russia, it was signed by Afanasy Lavrentievich Ordin-Nashchokin, and on the part of the Rzeczpospolita - by Jerzy Glebovich. Background From 1654 to 1667, the so-called Russian-Polish war took place between the countries. The main reason which was assistance to Khmelnytsky in the struggle against the Commonwealth. The Moscow tsar took the Zaporozhye army under his wing and pledged to enter the war against Khmelnitsky's opponents. The first stage of the war went very well for Russia and the Cossacks, they reached significant successes and were able to take possession of many territories. In 1660, the Rzeczpospolita launched an active counteroffensive, which was successful before the invasion of the Left-Bank Ukraine. In total, this war is divided into eight military campaigns. The war lasted thirteen years and both sides greatly weakened, then both Russia and the Rzeczpospolita were in favor of signing a peace treaty, no one relied on the opinion of the Cossacks, and they wanted to continue the liberation war against the Rzeczpospolita. The death of Khmelnitsky could in many ways serve to change the views of Russia towards the Commonwealth. After all, it was Khmelnitsky who fiercely insisted on the continuation of the war, and there should be only one result in this war - the complete defeat of the Commonwealth and the liberation of Ukraine from foreign invaders. The war with Russia significantly weakened the position of the Commonwealth in all of Europe, a very sharp economic crisis followed by a sharp political crisis, and as a result - three divisions of Poland. Poland's weakness allowed Russia to focus on the war with Sweden, as well as against Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire. Armistice points Between Russia and the Commonwealth, peace was assumed for thirteen and a half years, while the states had to think over the conditions of eternal peace during this time. The Rzeczpospolita was supposed to transfer to Russia the Chernigov voivodeship, Smolensk, the Starodubsky council, as well as the Seversk land. At the same time, Russia had to abandon the territories conquered in Lithuania. Right-bank Ukraine was to remain under the rule of the Commonwealth. Kiev came under the rule of Russia for a period of two years. Interestingly, the Sich should now be ruled by both Russia and the Commonwealth, and the main objective this is the opposition to the Tatars. It was also allowed to conduct active trade between Russia and the Commonwealth. Significance of the treaty For the GDL (Grand Duchy of Lithuania), this was a positive change, since Russia gave up some lands in favor of Lithuania. For Ukraine and the Cossacks, this truce was extremely negative, since this treaty completely denied the treaty of 1654, for which Russia undertook to help the Cossacks in the war against the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth. Russia violated the statutes that were enshrined in the Pereyaslavl treaty. This also led to disagreements between the Cossacks, including the betrayal of the hetman Bryukhovetsky, against whom the hetman P. Doroshenko spoke out. It turns out that Ukraine is simply divided into two parts and forced to fight against its own people. This step of Russia greatly influenced the attitude of the Cossacks before the Moscow Tsar, who betrayed the oath given in 1654. Russia regards the treaty as an important and positive step in the history of Russia. According to their conclusions, they ensured the unification of the East Slavic peoples. And they succeeded in a rather difficult military and strategic environment. However, with the help of this treaty, Russia did not manage to achieve some important goals - one of the priority goals was the conquest of Russia's outlet to the Baltic Sea by capturing Livonia. Also, Russia considered this rapprochement as a very important step for further combating the threat of the Ottoman Empire. After the expiration of the thirteen year peace, in 1678 the peace was extended for another thirteen years. And in 1686 the so-called "eternal peace" was signed between the countries. Later, the countries repeatedly acted as allies, especially against the Ottoman Empire - as the Holy League. Also, the Andrusov armistice served the Russian-Polish alliance against Sweden in 1700-1721. The Russian-Polish war dealt a very serious blow to the warring countries, for example, the population of Belarus was reduced by half, and the signing of the Andrusov armistice finally ended the bloodshed. However, for Ukraine, this truce ended in a war within the state.

Andrusov armistice 1667,between Russia and the Commonwealth for 13.5 years; completed the Russian-Polish war of 1654-67 for the Ukraine and Belarus. Signed on January 30 by A. L. Ordyn-Nashchokin (Russia) and Y. Glebovich (Poland) in the village of Andrusovo near Smolensk. Poland returned the Smolensk and Chernigov Voivodeships to Russia and recognized the reunification of the Left-Bank Ukraine with Russia. Right-bank Ukraine and Belarus remained under Polish rule. Kiev was supposed to remain with Russia only until 1669, but Russia retained it, which was formalized by the "Eternal Peace" of 1686. The Zaporozhye Sich was declared under the joint control of Russia and Poland. Imprisoned under the conditions of a difficult internal and external situation for Russia, the A. p. Was an important milestone in the struggle for the reunification of the Ukrainian and Belarusian peoples with Russia.

Lit .: Complete collection of laws of the Russian Empire, vol. 1, St. Petersburg, 1830, No. 398; Essays on the history of the USSR of the 17th century, M., 1955, ch. 4, § 6; Galaktionov I.V., From the history of the Russian-Polish rapprochement in the 50-60s. XVII century, Saratov, 1960; History of diplomacy, 2nd ed., Vol. 1, M., 1959, p. 294-96.

ANDRUSS truce- an armistice agreement between the Russian state and the Commonwealth (the united Polish-Lithuanian state), concluded on January 30, 1667 in the village of Andrusov (near Smolensk) and ending the war for Ukraine between both states, which began in 1654. Main role in the Andrusov negotiations, which lasted three months, a prominent diplomat played on the part of Russia A. JI. Ordin-Nashchokin, and from the Polish side - Yury Glebovich, the Zhmudsky headman.

Agreeing to return to Russia the lands seized by Poland under the Deulinsky armistice (1618) and the Polyanovsky peace (1634), the Polish delegates persisted for a long time, not wanting to put up with the loss of Ukraine and its annexation to Russia. Only after 30 conferences did the Polish delegation become compliant, which was greatly facilitated by the massive anti-Polish movement in the Right-Bank Ukraine. The A. n. Was concluded for 131/2 years (until June 1680), and during this time the conditions for "eternal peace" were to be prepared. According to the A. n., Smolensk, the Seversk land with Chernigov and Starodub were returned to the Russian state; Poland recognized the annexation of the Left-Bank Ukraine to Russia; Kiev, according to the agreement, was to remain with Russia until 1669, but remained forever. Taking advantage of the difficult external and internal position of Russia, Poland retained the Right-Bank Ukraine, Belarus with Polotsk, Vitebsk and Dvinsk. The Zaporizhzhya Sich was to be subordinate to both states, which pledged in the event of Tatar raids on Ukraine to oppose Crimean Khan... POWs were exchanged on both sides. The conditions of the Armed Forces caused serious discontent in Ukraine, since the people's dream of the reunification of Ukrainian lands remained unfulfilled. However, A. and. was a step forward on the path of uniting the Ukrainian people with the fraternal Russian people in a single state and liberating all of Ukraine from the gentry oppression. A. n. Meant the suspension of the centuries-old aggression of the Polish gentry to the East. The peace treaty between Russia and the Commonwealth was concluded only in 1686.

Lit .: Collection of State Letters and Treaties, Part 4, Moscow, 1828 (p. 656); Complete collection laws of the Russian Empire. Collection 1, v. 1, St. Petersburg, 1830 (pp. 657-75); History of diplomacy, vol. 1, M., 1941; History of the USSR, ed. BD Grekov [et al.], Vol. 1,2 ed., [M.], 1948; Stele to K., Injection of the insurgent Stepan Razsh to Ukrasha, Ki "1c, 1947.

Andrusov armistice, the agreement concluded in 1667 between Russia and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth and completed the active phase of the Russian-Polish war of 1654-1667 over the territory of modern Ukraine and Belarus. The name comes from the village of Andrusovo (now the Smolensk region), in which it was signed.

The Andrusovo truce was signed on January 30 (February 9), 1667 by Afanasy Ordin-Nashchokin and Jerzy Glebovich in the village of Andrusovo near Smolensk. Cossack ambassadors were not allowed to sign the armistice.

Terms of the Andrusov agreement

An armistice was established between Russia and the Commonwealth for a period of 13.5 years, during which the states had to prepare the conditions for "eternal peace."

Rzeczpospolita officially transferred to Russia Smolensk, Chernigov Voivodeship, Starodubsky Povet, Seversk Land, and also recognized the annexation of Left-Bank Ukraine to Russia.

Russia refused to conquer Lithuania.

Right-bank Ukraine and Belarus remained under the control of the Commonwealth.

Kiev was transferred to Russia for a period of two years. However, Russia managed to keep him and secure his ownership in an agreement with Poland in 1686 after paying 146 thousand rubles.

The Zaporizhzhya Sich passed under the joint Russian-Polish administration "for their common service from the advancing Basurman forces."

The parties pledged to provide assistance to the Cossacks in the event of an attack on the Ukrainian lands of Russia and the Commonwealth of the Crimean Tatars.

The special articles of the treaty regulated the procedure for the return of prisoners, church property and the delimitation of lands.

The right to free trade between Russia and the Commonwealth was guaranteed, as well as the diplomatic immunity of ambassadors.

For the territories of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, which included the Belarusian lands, the conditions of reconciliation were as follows: Moscow abandoned Lithuania and Belarus, captured by its troops, but retained Smolensk and the surroundings that were conquered by the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Time of Troubles. One of the articles of reconciliation gave Moscow the right to intercession for the Orthodox inhabitants of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

The northern Belarus conquered by the Russian kingdom - Vitebsk, Polotsk, as well as Livonia (Dinaburg), Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich returned to the Commonwealth. The treatise reflected a compromise on both sides: Moscow, although it did not manage to retain everything it conquered, greatly increased its territory, and the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, unable to recapture everything that was lost, returned some important lands. Both sides also hoped that the Andrusovo truce was only temporary and that its conditions would be revised in 13 years.

According to the Small Encyclopedia of the Ukrainian Cossacks, having concluded the Andrusov armistice, Russia finally renounced its obligations in 1654 to provide assistance to Ukraine in the fight against the Commonwealth. However, the Andrusov armistice was only a legal registration of the realities that, as a result of the civil war in the Hetmanate, had already taken place from the beginning of the 1660s, and the Cossack foreman of the Right Bank Ukraine no longer thought about fighting the Commonwealth, returning to the conciliatory Gadyatsky track (1658) and Slobodischensky (1660) treaties that violated the statutes of the Pereyaslavl Rada even earlier. The final division was approved by the Eternal Peace between Poland and Russia.

In the Great Soviet Encyclopedia, the Andrusov truce, concluded in a difficult external and internal situation, is viewed as an important step for Russia on the way to the unification of the three East Slavic peoples.

Although the Andrusov truce did not resolve a number of difficult issues (for example, Russia did not receive Livonia and access to the Baltic Sea), thanks to it, Russia was able to return the lands that belonged to it before the Time of Troubles (and even more). It also led to a rapprochement between Russia and the Commonwealth on the basis of a joint struggle against the Ottoman Empire.

Lit .:Galaktionov I. V., Chistyakova E. V. A. L. Ordin-Nashchokin: Russian diplomat of the 17th century. - M .: Sotsekgiz, 1961 (1962). - S. 78-104. - 136 p. - (Outstanding diplomats of our Motherland). - 20,000 copies. Malov A.V. Russian-Polish war 1654-1667 - M .: Tseikhgauz, 2006.