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How the soldiers greet. Why military honor is given with the right hand

Even to those people who are very far from the army and military service and have nothing to do with her, well known military salute ritual... In the language of encyclopedias, a military greeting is a greeting of servicemen or units of the Armed Forces of different countries, established in accordance with the governing documents.

A military greeting is referred to as military rituals, traditions, or military etiquette. Earlier, a military salute was also called salute, saluting, saluting, and it can also be denoted by the word "trump". At the same time, there are a sufficient number of hypotheses for the emergence of this army ritual.

According to one version the military greeting came to us from the Middle Ages, being a knightly tradition. Meeting each other, the knights, with a movement of their hand, raised the visor of their helmets to show that the face of a friend was hidden under it (this version does not take into account the fact that all knights had their coats of arms on shields, clothes, flags, this was enough to the friend was able to identify the friend).

According to another version by raising the visor of their helmet, they demonstrated their peaceful intentions. This was done right hand to show that the knight is not yet ready to start a fight and has no aggressive intentions. Such a gesture seemed to indicate that "there is no weapon in my right hand now."

At the same time, among peoples who were deprived of heavily armed cavalry (Mongols, Indians who inhabited North America), the salute consisted of a simple demonstration of an open right hand. The most romantic version of the appearance of a military greeting is also attributed to the era of chivalry. With such a gesture, the knight at the tournament covered his eyes, defending himself from the dazzling beauty of the beautiful lady of the heart, who was watching his performance.

But, most likely, the military greeting in the form in which it is known to us today appeared in Great Britain. The version that such a greeting arose on British isles in the 18th century, documented by military regulations. In those years, in many armies of the world, junior military ranks, when greeting senior in rank, took off their hat or other headdress from their heads. This was the case in Great Britain, but over time, hats, especially in the elite units, became very bulky, so that the greeting was reduced to the usual raising of a hand to the headdress and touching the visor.

The greeting we all know first took shape in 1745 in the Coldstream Guards regiment, an elite bodyguard unit for the Queen of England. At the same time, the military ammunition was constantly changing, and the gesture was slightly transformed.

Over time, even the very touch of the headdress with the hand disappeared. According to one of the versions, replacing the removal of a headdress with a simple bringing of a hand to them may be associated not only with heavy and bulky headdresses, but also with widespread use firearms... The first samples of small arms could hardly be called perfect. The soldiers' hands almost always turned out to be stained with soot, since they had to set fire to the oppression of muskets, and their hands got dirty when reloading small arms. Thus, dirty hands in soot could cause damage to the headdress when trying to take it off for greeting.

Military greetings in Great Britain

At the same time, in the military salute of any army in the world, they do not lower their eyes or tilt their heads, which speaks of mutual honor, regardless of ranks, ranks or ranks. There is also no question of which hand is given honor in the army. Always right. In this case, the very gesture of the hand and the rotation of the palm may differ slightly in different countries the world.

For example, starting in the 19th century in the British army, the hand raised to the right eyebrow was facing the palm outward. Such a greeting persists in the army and the air force, at the same time in the royal navy since the days of sailing ships when the hands of the sailors were stained with tar and tar, and it was unworthy to show dirty palms, during the military salute the palm was turned down. The exact same greeting was accepted in France.

V American army the greeting could have been taken from English navy... At the same time, in the United States, during a military salute, the palm is turned down, and the hand, which is brought forward slightly, seems to cover the eyes from the sun. In the Italian army, the palm is carried out over the front visor.

For many, it may come as a revelation that in the German army during the Second World War, soldiers and officers did not "zig" left and right, as can often be seen in feature films... In parts of the Wehrmacht, throughout almost the entire war, a standard military greeting was adopted with the bringing of the right hand to the head, which was spelled out in the charter. Introduction of a party or Nazi greetings in the Wehrmacht happened only on July 24, 1944, immediately after the unsuccessful attempt on the life of Adolf Hitler, which was organized by the officers.

V Russian Empire until 1856, the military salute was performed not with the whole palm, but only with the index and middle fingers. To this day, such a greeting has been preserved in the armed forces of Poland. Beginning in 1856, after completion Crimean War, in the army of tsarist Russia, and then Soviet army and modern Russian army the military greeting is given with the whole palm. Middle finger while looking at the temple, lightly touching the visor of the uniform cap. From here, by the way, there were synonyms of return of military honor or military salute - to salute, salute, etc.

Currently, the rules of military greetings in Russian Federation are also obligatory for persons who have already been dismissed from military service, when they are wearing military uniforms. In the RF Armed Forces, a military salute is performed with closed fingers of the right hand, the wrist is straightened. Unlike the armies of some other states, with an uncovered head, a military salute in the Russian army is performed without raising a hand, with the help of a soldier taking a combat position.

Military greetings in Poland

When moving in formation, the military greeting is carried out as follows: the guide puts his hand to the headdress, and the formation presses his hands at the seams. All together they move to the front step and turn their heads as they pass the commanding staff they meet. When subunits or other military personnel pass towards them, it is sufficient that the military salute is performed by the guide.

At the same time, in the Russian army, when meeting, a junior in rank must be the first to greet a senior in rank, and a senior in rank may perceive failure to comply with a military greeting during a meeting as an insult. In the absence of a headdress on a soldier, the greeting is performed by turning the head and receiving a combat position (body straightened, arms at the seams).

But not in all countries the military greeting of the senior in rank is the duty of a soldier. For example, in modern units of the Israel Defense Forces, the procedure of saluting at the sight of a senior in rank is mandatory only during the course of a young soldier. In all other cases, a military salute is not an obligation, but is the right of a soldier. In parallel with this, prisoners of Israeli military prisons (an analogue of the domestic guardhouse) are deprived of this right at all.

Military greetings in Russia

In all countries, a military salute is given exclusively with the right hand.... The question of in which state honor is given with the left hand usually arises when high-ranking government officials, through inexperience or oversight, violate the rules of military greetings, which are either an unshakable tradition or are enshrined in statutes. A serious difference in a military greeting can be called not with which hand the honor is given, but only the presence or, on the contrary, the absence of a headdress on a soldier during this military ritual.

The well-known expression “they don’t put their hand to an empty head” in Russia is usually remembered in the same context as the tradition of military greetings in the United States. In the American army, the presence of a headdress on a soldier when bringing his hand to his head is not required. Historians substantiate this difference as follows. During civil war North and South (1861-1865), the northerners won. History, as you know, is written by the winners, who form these or those traditions. Unlike the southern army, the Union army, which won the war, was formed mainly from volunteers. Many of these volunteers, especially at the beginning of the war, were dressed in civilian clothes. From this we can conclude that the rank and file of the army of the northerners sometimes did not have headdresses at all - hence the tradition of military greetings, regardless of whether the soldier is wearing a headdress or not.

Military greetings in the USA

At the same time, a military greeting that looks organic in Peaceful time, during hostilities fades into the background or even further. In many conflicts of the 20th century, statutory conventions and military subordination posed a danger to the lives of those in senior rank. V popular culture this is well reflected in the American films Saving Private Ryan and Forrest Gump, which feature episodes of soldiers being harassed by more experienced comrades for giving a military salute to their commanders. During hostilities, this helps enemy shooters and snipers determine a priority target for themselves.

It does not work Edition from 14.12.1993

"CHARTER OF THE INTERNAL SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION" (approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of 12/14/93)

Military greeting

43. A military greeting is the embodiment of the comradely cohesion of military personnel, an evidence of mutual respect and a manifestation of general culture... All servicemen are obliged to greet each other when meeting (overtaking), strictly observing the rules established by the Combat Regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Subordinates and Minors military rank they are greeted first, and in an equal position, the first to greet is the one who considers himself more polite and well-mannered.

44. Members of the armed forces are also required to welcome:

The Battle Banner of the military unit, as well as the Naval flag with arrival on a warship and upon departure from it;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units.

44. Military units and subunits, when in the ranks, greet on command:

The President and Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation;

Marshals of the Russian Federation, generals of the army, admirals of the fleet, colonel generals, admirals and all direct chiefs, as well as persons appointed to lead the inspection (verification) of a military unit (subdivision).

To greet in the ranks in place of the above persons, the senior chief gives the command "At attention, alignment to the RIGHT (to the LEFT, to the MIDDLE)", meets them and reports.

For example: "Comrade Major General. The 110th motorized rifle regiment has been built for general regimental evening verification. The regiment commander is Colonel Petrov."

When building a military unit with a Battle Banner (at a parade, a drill, during the swearing-in, etc.), the report indicates the full name of the military unit with a listing of the honorary titles and orders assigned to it. When greeting in the ranks on the move, the chief gives only a command.

46. Military units and subdivisions also greet on command:

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier;

Mass graves of soldiers who died in battles for freedom and independence of the Fatherland;

The Battle Banner of a military unit, and on a warship the Naval flag during its ascent and descent;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units;

Each other when we meet.

47. The military salute by the troops in the ranks on the spot, the President and the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation, is accompanied by the performance of the orchestra of the "Counter March" and the National Anthem.

When greeting military unit direct superiors from the commander of their unit and above, as well as persons appointed to lead the inspection (verification), the orchestra performs only "Counter march".

48. When out of order, both during training and during free time from training, servicemen of military units (subdivisions) greet the commanders on the command "Attention" or "Stand up. Attention." At headquarters and institutions, only direct superiors and persons appointed to supervise the conduct of inspections (checks) are welcomed on command. officers ". The command "Attention", "Stand up. Attention" or "Comrade officers" is given by the eldest of the present commanders (chiefs) or a soldier who first saw the arriving commander (chief). At this command, all those present stand up, turn towards the arriving commander (chief) and take a combat posture, and officers, warrant officers and warrant officers, wearing a headdress, also put their hand to him. The eldest of the present commanders (chiefs) approaches the newcomer and reports to him. The arriving commander (chief), having accepted the report, gives the command "At ease" or "Comrades officers", and the speaker repeats this command, after which all those present take the "at ease" position. Officers, warrant officers and warrant officers, when wearing a headdress, lower their hand and then act on the instructions of the arriving commander (chief).

49. The command "Attention" or "Stand up. Attention" and the report to the commander (chief) are given at his first visit to a military unit or subunit on a given day. The command "Smirno" is given to the ship commander every time he arrives on the ship (leaves the ship). In the presence of the senior commander (chief), the command for a military salute is not given to the junior and the report is not carried out. When conducting classroom lessons, the command "Attention", "Stand up. Attention" or "Comrade officers" is given before and after each lesson. Command "Attention", "Stand up. Attention" or "Comrade officers" before the report to the commander (chief) is given in the event that other servicemen are present, in their absence, the commander (chief) is only reported.

50. During the performance of the National Anthem, servicemen in the ranks take a marching stance without a command, and unit commanders from the platoon and above, in addition, put their hand to the headdress. Servicemen who are out of order, when performing the anthem, take a marching posture, and when wearing a headdress, they put their hand to it.

51. The command to perform a military salute to military units and subunits is not given:

When raising a military unit or subunit on alarm, on the march, as well as on tactical exercises and exercises;

At control points, communication centers and in places of combat duty (combat service);

At the firing range and firing (starting) position during firing (launches);

At airfields during flights;

During construction, household work or work with educational purpose, as well as during classes and work in workshops, parks, hangars, laboratories;

During sports and games;

When eating and after the "Hang up" signal until the "Rise" signal;

In the rooms for the sick.

In these cases, the chief or senior only reports to the arriving chief.

For example: "Comrade Major. The 2nd Motorized Rifle Company is performing the second practice shooting exercise. Company Commander Captain Ilyin."

Units participating in funeral procession, the military greeting is not fulfilled.

52. At ceremonial meetings, conferences held in a military unit, as well as at performances, concerts and in the cinema, a command for a military salute is not given and is not reported to the commander (chief). At general meetings of personnel, the command "Attention" or "Stand up. Attention" is given for a military salute and reported to the commander (chief).

For example: "Comrade Lieutenant Colonel. The personnel of the battalion on general meeting arrived. Chief of Staff of the Battalion, Major Ivanov ".

53. When a commander or a senior addresses individual servicemen, they, with the exception of the sick, take a drill posture and name their position, military rank and surname. When shaking hands, the elder shakes his hand first. If the elder is without gloves, the younger removes the glove from his right hand before shaking hands. Servicemen without a headdress accompany the handshake with a slight tilt of the head.

54. To the greeting of the commander or senior ("Hello, comrades"), all servicemen, who are in the ranks or out of order, answer: "We wish you good health"; if the chief or senior says goodbye ("Goodbye, comrades"), then the servicemen answer: "Goodbye." At the end of the answer, the word "comrade" and the military rank are added without specifying the type of troops or service.

For example, when answering: sergeants, foremen, warrant officers, warrant officers and officers, "Goodbye, comrade junior sergeant", "Goodbye, comrade chief foreman", "We wish good health, comrade warrant officer", "Goodbye, comrade lieutenant", etc. NS.

55. If the commander (chief) congratulates the serviceman or thanks him in the course of service, the soldier answers the commander (chief): "I serve the Fatherland." If the commander (chief) congratulates the military unit (subdivision), it responds with a drawn-out three-time "Hurray", and if the commander (chief) thanks, the military unit (subdivision) replies: "We serve the Fatherland."

The procedure for presentation to commanders (chiefs) and persons who arrived for inspection (verification)

56. The senior commander (chief) who has arrived at the military unit is presented only by the unit commander. Other persons introduce themselves only when the senior commander (chief) addresses them directly, naming their military position, military rank and surname.

57. Servicemen are introduced to their immediate superior:

When appointed to a military position;

Upon surrendering a military post;

When assigning a military rank;

When awarded with an order or medal;

When leaving on a business trip, for treatment or on vacation, and upon returning.

Introducing himself to his immediate superior, servicemen give their military position, military rank, surname and reason for submission.

For example: "Comrade Major. Commander of the 1st Motorized Rifle Company Captain Ivanov. I introduce myself on the occasion of my being awarded the military rank of Captain."

58. Officers and warrant officers, newly appointed to the regiment, are introduced to the regiment commander and then to his deputies, and upon receipt of appointment to the company, to the battalion commander, company commander and their deputies. The regiment commander introduces newly arrived officers to the regiment's officers at the next officers' meeting or regiment formation.

59. When inspecting (checking) a military unit, its commander is presented to the person who has arrived, appointed to lead the inspection (check), if he is in a military rank equal to the commander of the unit, or in rank older than him; if the inspector (inspector) is lower in rank than the commander of the military unit, then he is presented to the commander of the military unit. Before the beginning of the inspection (check), the commander of the military unit presents to the inspector (checker) the commanders of the inspected (checked) subunits.

60. When the inspecting (checking) subdivisions visit, the commanders of these subdivisions meet him and report to him. If the inspector (inspector) arrives at the subunit together with the commander of the military unit, the subunit commander reports to the inspector (inspector) in the event that the latter is of equal military rank with the commander of the military unit or in rank older than him. If during the inspection (check) the senior commander (chief) arrives, the commander of the military unit (subunit) reports to him, and the inspector (inspector) introduces himself.

61. When visiting a military unit (ship) by the President of the Russian Federation, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation and his deputies, the commander-in-chief of the services of the Armed Forces, members of the Government of the Russian Federation, the commander of the military unit (ship) meets, reports and accompanies these persons who arrived at the location of the military unit ( on the ship), and upon arrival at the invitation of the military unit (on the ship) of the participants of the Great Patriotic War, soldiers-internationalists, veterans of the Armed Forces, honored workers of science, culture and art, representatives public organizations Russia, foreign states and other honorary visitors, the commander of the military unit (ship) meets them, introduces himself to them and accompanies them without reporting. In memory of the visit of the military unit (ship) by honorary visitors, the Book of Honorary Visitors (Appendix 4) is presented to them for an appropriate record.

62. Upon arrival at a military unit (subdivision) of servicemen to carry out certain service assignments of senior commanders (chiefs), the commander of the military unit (subdivision) is presented only as a senior in military rank. In other cases, the arrivals are presented to the commander of the military unit (subunit) and report on the purpose of their arrival.

63. All instructions of the inspectors (inspectors) or servicemen carrying out individual service assignments of senior commanders (chiefs) are transmitted through the commander of the military unit. The named persons are obliged to inform the commander of the military unit (subdivision) about the results of the inspection (check) or the fulfillment of the official assignment assigned to them. When conducting a survey of military personnel of a military unit (subdivision), the inspectors (auditors) are guided by the requirements of Appendix 8.

Everybody salutes- collage meme with pictures and drawings different characters who put their hand to their temples, as if saluting. The most common four-panel version with a cat, Big Boss from Metal Gear, streamer Ozone and blogger Maddison in a coat and with a cigarette. Typically, a meme signifies the Internet community's respect for a person or phenomenon.

Origin

The history of the meme, where everyone salutes, began with a photograph of a cat with a hind paw attached to its head. She first appeared on Peekaboo on January 12, 2018.

Later, the collage began to multiply and add other characters and people saluting.

Meaning

A meme on which everyone salutes means the respect of the Internet community for a person, phenomenon or event. For the collage, characters are specially selected who in one way or another personify Internet users: streamers, bloggers, anime characters and computer games... Finally, Colonel Kus, who represents the cats.

A meme with saluting can mean more respect. broad sense... It is also used as a symbol of goodbye to the dead or people whom you will never meet again.

Gallery

SALUTE. 1. to whom... Greet in a military way, putting your hand to the headdress. As soon as the admiral stepped ashore, the music began to play and the officers saluted(Goncharov. Frigate "Pallada"). 2. to whom; to what... Same as to whom; to what(in the 2nd value). And I must salute her: she was a great craftswoman who cooked many dishes(Pisemsky. Thousand souls) ... He ate a lot, but not greedily, I saluted the appetizer, So it’s okay, so it’s smooth, You look - you want to eat(A. Tvardovsky. Vasily Tyorkin).

Phrasebook Russian literary language... - M .: Astrel, AST... A.I. Fedorov. 2008.

See what "Salute" is in other dictionaries:

salute- salute, salute, salute, salute the Dictionary of Russian synonyms. to salute to take (or make) under the visor; trump, trump (colloquial) Dictionary of synonyms of the Russian language. Practical guide. M .: Russian language. Z. E ... Synonym dictionary

Salute- HONOR, and, about honor, honor and honor, well. Explanatory dictionary Ozhegova. S.I. Ozhegov, N.Yu. Shvedova. 1949 1992 ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

Salute- an element of a militaristic ritual, usually bringing a hand to the top of the head in a certain way if there is a headdress on it (if the hands are busy, a certain movement of the head); the use of the word honor in this expression served ... ... Lem's World - Dictionary & Guide

Salute- Veterans salute during the 2008 Victory Parade A military salute ritual presumably originating from medieval knights. To show their nobility in the face of the enemy, the knights threw back the visor of the helmet. Characteristic ... ... Wikipedia

Salute / salute- to whom. 1. Spread. Greet smb. With a hand to the headdress. BMS 1998, 625; F 2, 24.2. Shuttle. Pay due attention to s. BMS 1998, 625. 3. Kar. Name someone l. by name and patronymic. SRGK 4, 287. 4. Psk. Iron. Beat, ... ... Big dictionary Russian sayings

GIVE OUT- give, give, give, give, give, give, give it back, please. gave, gave, gave; who gave, owls. (to give). 1. who what. Return (taken) to the one from whom it was taken; hand back. “I would give Altyn two or eight kopecks, we don’t ... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

HONOR- HONOR, and, about honor, honor and honor, wives. 1. Worthy of respect and pride moral qualities human; its related principles. Debt of honor. A matter of honor (concerns whose n. Honor). Offend whose n. h. Court of honor (officer). 2. Good, ... ... Ozhegov's Explanatory Dictionary

give away- To pay my last duty to honor the memory of whom N. deceased, to be present at whose n. funeral. He was so far away that he could not pay his last debt to his father. Give credit to fully appreciate. We could not do him justice during his lifetime. ... ... Phraseological dictionary of the Russian language

HONOR Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

HONOR- 1. HONOR1, honor, about honor, honor and honor, pl. (obsolete) honor, honor, honor, wives. 1.units only. Moral or social dignity, that which evokes, maintains respect (for oneself or on the part of others). “And the first treasure is my honor ... ... Ushakov's Explanatory Dictionary

Books

Acrenor: Ninth Fortress. The honor of your enemy. Right to Defeat, Katlas E. Acrenor. The lost kingdom of the frontier, where war is commonplace, and peace is just a dream. In those places, magicians can play with the essence of things, and warriors can become immortal. The sorcerers raise ...

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CHARTER OF THE INTERNAL SERVICE OF THE ARMED FORCES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (approved by the Decree of the President of the Russian Federation from 14-12-93) (revised from 18-12-2006) (2019) Actual in 2018

Military greeting

43. A military greeting is the embodiment of the comradely cohesion of military personnel, a testament to mutual respect and a manifestation of a common culture. All servicemen are obliged to greet each other when meeting (overtaking), strictly observing the rules established by the Combat Regulations of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation. Subordinates and those who are junior in military rank are the first to greet, and in an equal position, the first to greet is the one who considers himself more polite and well-mannered.

44. Members of the armed forces are also required to welcome:

The Battle Banner of the military unit, as well as the Naval flag with arrival on a warship and upon departure from it;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units.

44. Military units and subunits, when in the ranks, greet on command:

The President and Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation;

To greet in the ranks in place of the above persons, the senior chief gives the command "At attention, alignment to the RIGHT (to the LEFT, to the MIDDLE)", meets them and reports.

For example: "Comrade Major General. The 110th motorized rifle regiment has been built for general regimental evening verification. The regiment commander is Colonel Petrov."

46. Military units and subdivisions also greet on command:

Tomb of the Unknown Soldier;

Mass graves of soldiers who died in battles for freedom and independence of the Fatherland;

The Battle Banner of a military unit, and on a warship the Naval flag during its ascent and descent;

Funeral processions accompanied by military units;

Each other when we meet.

When the military unit greets the direct commanders from the commander of their unit and above, as well as those appointed to lead the inspection (check), the orchestra performs only "Counter march".

51. The command to perform a military salute to military units and subunits is not given:

When a military unit or subunit is raised on alert, on the march, as well as during tactical exercises and exercises;

At control points, communication centers and in places of combat duty (combat service);

At the firing range and firing (starting) position during firing (launches);

At airfields during flights;

During the performance of construction, household work or work for educational purposes, as well as during classes and work in workshops, parks, hangars, laboratories;

During sports and games;

When eating and after the "Hang up" signal until the "Rise" signal;

In the rooms for the sick.

In these cases, the chief or senior only reports to the arriving chief.

For example: "Comrade Major. The 2nd Motorized Rifle Company is performing the second practice shooting exercise. Company Commander Captain Ilyin."

The units participating in the funeral procession do not fulfill the military salute.

For example: "Comrade Lieutenant Colonel. The personnel of the battalion have arrived at the general meeting. Chief of Staff of the battalion, Major Ivanov."

The procedure for presentation to commanders (chiefs) and persons who arrived for inspection (verification)

57. Servicemen are introduced to their immediate superior:

When appointed to a military position;

Upon surrendering a military post;

When assigning a military rank;

When awarded with an order or medal;

When leaving on a business trip, for treatment or on vacation, and upon returning.

Introducing themselves to their immediate superior, servicemen state their military position, military rank, surname and reason for submission.

For example: "Comrade Major. Commander of the 1st Motorized Rifle Company Captain Ivanov. I introduce myself on the occasion of my being awarded the military rank of Captain."

61. When visiting a military unit (ship) by the President of the Russian Federation, the Minister of Defense of the Russian Federation and his deputies, the commander-in-chief of the services of the Armed Forces, members of the Government of the Russian Federation, the commander of the military unit (ship) meets, reports and accompanies these persons who arrived at the location of the military unit ( on the ship), and upon arrival at the invitation of the military unit (on the ship) of the participants of the Great Patriotic War, internationalist soldiers, veterans of the Armed Forces, honored workers of science, culture and art, representatives of public organizations of Russia, foreign states and other honorary visitors, the commander of the military part (of the ship) meets them, introduces himself to them and accompanies them without reporting. In memory of the visit of the military unit (ship) by honorary visitors, the Book of Honorary Visitors (Appendix 4) is presented to them for an appropriate record.